WO2019225661A1 - プレス部品の製造方法 - Google Patents
プレス部品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019225661A1 WO2019225661A1 PCT/JP2019/020318 JP2019020318W WO2019225661A1 WO 2019225661 A1 WO2019225661 A1 WO 2019225661A1 JP 2019020318 W JP2019020318 W JP 2019020318W WO 2019225661 A1 WO2019225661 A1 WO 2019225661A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bending
- lower mold
- pad
- ridge line
- vertical wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/26—Deep-drawing for making peculiarly, e.g. irregularly, shaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
- B21D19/08—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D24/00—Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for manufacturing a press part having a part shape such as an L shape or a T shape when viewed from above.
- the component shape includes a top plate portion having a curved outer peripheral edge that is curved so that a part of the outer peripheral edge is recessed inward, a vertical wall that is continuous with the curved outer peripheral edge, and a continuous with the vertical wall. And a flange portion bent to the top plate portion side.
- vehicle body frame parts include a front pillar reinforcement and a center pillar reinforcement.
- these vehicle body skeleton parts have a curved shape such that a part of the top plate portion is recessed inward, such as an L-shaped portion or a T-shaped portion.
- a part-shaped part is manufactured from a flat metal plate (blank material) by press molding, generally drawing or bending is employed.
- the skeletal parts as described above greatly affect the collision safety of automobiles, in recent years, they tend to be manufactured using high-strength steel plates (high-tensile materials) having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more.
- high-tensile materials high-tensile materials
- the pad bending forming method is often employed in order to avoid cracking.
- a mold used for a bending-based molding method is generally composed of a die (lower mold), a punch (upper mold), and a pad that stabilizes a blank material during molding.
- stretch flange cracking that occurs at the flange end of the curved portion often becomes a problem even in the above-described bending-based molding.
- Patent Document 1 in manufacturing an L-shaped part, the blank is pressed with a pad in a state where the end of the portion corresponding to the lower side of the L of the blank is on the same plane as the top plate of the product. In this state, a method of bending with an upper mold is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method of bending a vertical wall portion and a flange portion after forming a linear bead or a step extending along a short edge portion with respect to a blank material.
- Patent Document 2 requires a step of forming a bead or a step in a blank material (metal plate) in advance prior to the main forming, leading to an increase in cost. Moreover, there is a risk that surface flaws may occur in the product due to passing through the protrusions composed of beads and steps in the main molding.
- the present invention has been made paying attention to the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of easily and more stably suppressing the stretch flange crack at the curved portion.
- the inventor sporadically uses parts having concave curved portions on the top plate side in top view, such as L-shaped or T-shaped components, even if high-tensile material is used as the material of the metal plate.
- parts having concave curved portions on the top plate side in top view such as L-shaped or T-shaped components, even if high-tensile material is used as the material of the metal plate.
- intensive studies were conducted.
- the inventor moved the pad to the vertical wall portion side while applying a fold line (out-of-plane deformation with a cross-sectional mountain shape) to the metal plate portion sandwiched between the lower mold and the pad.
- the present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by bending the vertical wall portion and the flange portion by the bending main molding used.
- one embodiment of the present invention includes a top plate portion having a curved outer peripheral portion that is curved so that a part of the outer peripheral portion is recessed inward, and the curved outer peripheral portion of the top plate portion.
- a press part manufacturing method in which a metal plate is press-molded and manufactured into a part shape having a vertical wall part continuous to a part and a flange part bent to the top plate part side continuously to the vertical wall part. The upper mold is pressed relative to the lower mold in a state where the clamping area, which is an area including at least a part of the area corresponding to the top plate portion in the metal plate, is sandwiched between the lower mold and the pad.
- the vertical wall portion and the flange portion are bent while moving at least a part of the material of the clamping region sandwiched between the lower mold and the pad to the vertical wall portion side,
- the metal plate portion is continuously subjected to bending and bending back deformation in the out-of-plane direction at the bending portion position extending in the direction intersecting the movement direction of the material.
- the gist is to control.
- an L-shaped part or a T-shaped part is recessed on the top plate side in a top view by a simple mold configuration change. It is possible to manufacture a part having a curved portion with reduced sporadic stretch flange cracks.
- the manufacturing method of the press part 1 of this embodiment is a manufacturing method of the press part 1 manufactured by press-molding a metal plate (also referred to as a blank material) into a preset press shape.
- the set press shape includes a top plate portion 2 having a curved outer peripheral edge portion 2a that is curved so that a part of the outer peripheral edge is recessed inward, and a vertical wall portion 3A that is continuous with the curved outer peripheral edge portion 2a of the top plate portion 2. And a flange portion 4A that is bent to the top plate portion 2 side continuously to the vertical wall portion 3A (see FIG. 1).
- the manufacturing method of the press part 1 of this embodiment is a technique suitable when the metal plate is made of a high-tensile steel plate having a tensile strength of 590 MPa or more, preferably 780 MPa or more.
- the press part 1 which this embodiment makes object is a concave curved part (curved outer peripheral part, for example) as shown in FIG. 1, such as a T-shaped part or an L-shaped part, when viewed from above. 2a).
- the press component 1 has a shape in which the vertical wall portion 3 is continuous with a linear outer edge portion 2 b other than the curved outer peripheral edge portion 2 a in the top plate portion 2.
- the manufacturing method of the press part 1 of this embodiment manufactures the press part 1 by the press molding mainly of bending.
- the press mold used in the press molding of this embodiment includes an upper mold 40 (bending mold), a lower mold 20 (punch), and a pad 30 (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
- 3 A of vertical wall parts which continue to the curved outer periphery part 2a of the top-plate part 2, and it bend
- the clamping region P which is a region including at least a part of the region corresponding to the top plate portion 2 of the metal plate, is sandwiched between the lower mold 20 and the pad 30.
- the material of the clamping region P sandwiched between the lower mold 20 and the pad 30 is moved vertically while moving to the vertical wall portion 3 side.
- the wall part 3 and the flange part 4 are bent and formed into a desired part shape.
- One or two or more ridge lines 20a extending in a direction intersecting the material movement direction S are provided on the surface of the lower mold 20 that sandwiches the sandwiching region P (a surface portion facing the pad 30) (see FIG. 5, see FIG. 7), the surface of the lower mold 20 is different in the inclination of the surfaces on both sides of each ridge line 20a.
- the movement of the material mainly occurs on the side where the distance from the curved outer peripheral edge 2a to the end of the metal plate 10 is small.
- the ridgeline 20a is arranged on the side where the distance from the curved outer peripheral edge 2a to the end of the metal plate 10 is small.
- the difference in inclination between the surfaces on both sides of the ridge line 20a (hereinafter also referred to as the folding angle ⁇ ) is set to 1 degree or more and less than 90 degrees (see FIG. 7).
- the folding angle ⁇ is preferably 3 ° to 15 °, more preferably 3 ° to 10 °.
- the bending radius R1 at the position of the ridge line 20a is set to, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 30 mm or less (see FIG. 7).
- the bending radius is a radius on the side of less than 180 degrees.
- the ridge line 20a does not necessarily extend linearly, and may be formed to draw a slight curve. Further, structural analysis such as CAD analysis may be performed to estimate the moving direction S of the material, and the extending direction of the ridge line 20a may be set to be orthogonal to the estimated moving direction S of the material.
- the two or more ridge lines 20a are formed so as to be aligned in the material movement direction S.
- the direction of the convex side of the two or more ridge lines 20a is preferably set to be the same in the vertical direction (see FIG. 8).
- the top plate portion 2 is positioned at all the ridge lines 20a. It is preferable to set it at a position existing on the vertical wall 3 side.
- the sandwiching surface of the pad 30 has a surface shape that follows the surface of the lower mold 20 that faces the metal plate. That is, the pad 30 has a ridge line 30a as a second ridge line extending in the same direction as the ridge line 20a facing each other at a position facing each ridge line 20a provided on the lower mold surface of the pad 30.
- the surface has a shape in which the surfaces on both sides of each ridge line 30a follow the surface of the opposed lower mold 20 as a boundary.
- a ridge line 30a on the pad 30 side is formed on the holding surface of the pad 30 at a position facing the ridge line 20a formed on the surface of the lower mold 20 in the vertical direction, and the holding surface of the pad 30 is on the pad 30 side.
- the slopes on both sides of the ridge line 30a are different.
- the difference in inclination (bending angle ⁇ ) and the bending radius R2 on both sides of the pad 30 sandwiching the ridge line 30a are equal to the inclination difference ⁇ and the bending radius R1 on the lower mold 20 side.
- the bending radius R2 does not need to be equal to the bending radius R1, but is preferably equal to or less than the bending radius R1.
- the pressure of the pad pressure (clamping pressure between the lower mold 20 and the pad 30) is a pressure at which wrinkles are not generated on the top plate portion 2 of the curved portion during bending molding (for example, the gap between the pad 30 and the punch is blank until the molding bottom dead center)
- the pressure is set so as not to exceed the plate thickness of the material, and the material is pressed in a state where the material can be moved at the curved portion during the above bending.
- a pre-process of the above main forming process a process of giving a partial shape to the top plate surface or the like may be provided.
- re-striking the final product or trimming of the outer periphery may be performed as a post-process of the above-described main forming step.
- the lower mold 20 and the pad 30 hold down at least a region (clamping region P) including the top plate portion 2 of the curved portion, which is a region where material movement occurs during bending.
- a region (clamping region P) including the top plate portion 2 of the curved portion which is a region where material movement occurs during bending.
- the metal plate portion sandwiched between the lower mold 20 and the pad 30 is moved to the vertical wall 3 side, so that the ridge lines 20a and 30a This acts in a direction to suppress material movement in the sandwiching region P during bending. That is, the material movement conditions can be controlled by setting the ridge lines 20a and 30a.
- the metal plate 10 as shown in FIG. 2 is manufactured by press molding on the component 1 having the component shape as shown in FIG. 3
- the metal plate 10 is installed on the top plate surface of the lower mold 20, and as shown in FIG. 5, the top plate of the curved portion (curved outer peripheral edge portion 2a curved so as to be recessed inward).
- the holding region P including the metal plate 10 corresponding to the portion 2 is pressed against the lower mold 20 by the pad 30 and is held between the lower mold 20 and the pad 30.
- the pad pressure is set so that the sandwiched metal plate 10 portion can move toward the vertical wall portion 3 at least in the curved portion and the vicinity thereof.
- the metal plate 10 is bent and shaped so as to follow the side surface portion and the bottom surface portion of the lower die 20 and the vertical wall portion. 3 and the flange part 4 are formed, and it becomes the target press part.
- the vertical wall portion 3 and the flange portion 4 that are located in the lower portion of the paper surface of FIG. 5 and extend linearly of the top plate portion 2 and continuous to the outer edge portion 2b other than the curved outer peripheral edge portion 2a are As shown, the metal plate 10 is bent by the movement of the upper die 40 in the pressing direction, and the vertical wall portion 3 and the flange portion 4 are formed.
- the portion of the metal plate 10 sandwiched between the pad 30 and the lower mold 20 is provided.
- the material moves to the vertical wall 3A side.
- the material of the metal plate 10 portion sandwiched between the pad 30 and the lower mold 20 passes through the position of the ridge line 20a. While being bent in the out-of-plane direction and bent back, the bending position is continuously bent as the material moves, and the bending is performed.
- the material moves, in addition to the frictional resistance between the mold and the material, it is possible to continuously generate the bending and bending back resistance in the material.
- the amount of material movement on the plate surface is stabilized.
- the bending / bending return resistance is larger than the frictional resistance, and is less susceptible to fluctuations in mass production. For this reason, in this embodiment, the fluctuation
- the lower mold 20 is formed with a surface having a mountain-shaped cross section with the ridgeline 20a as the top.
- a bead shape having a semicircular cross section or a trapezoidal shape is provided instead of forming the ridgeline 20a, so that surface flaws are likely to occur. If surface defects remain in the product, there may be a problem. Further, when the bead shape is used, a larger pad force is required as compared with the ridgeline 20a.
- the bending / bending return resistance greatly varies depending on the angle (folding angle ⁇ ) at the position of the ridge line 20a and the bending radius R1 of the ridge line 20a. If the bending angle ⁇ is 1 degree or less, the bending and bending back resistance may be small.
- the folding angle ⁇ can be set up to an angle of less than 90 degrees by adjusting the pad pressure. However, depending on the pad pressure, when the bending angle ⁇ is 15 degrees or more, there is a possibility that it may lead to stretch flange cracking due to an increase in bending and bending back resistance when passing through the positions of the ridgelines 20a and 30a. For this reason, the bending angle ⁇ is preferably 1 degree or more and 15 degrees or less, and more preferably 1 degree or more and 10 degrees or less. In consideration of stability in mass production, the folding angle ⁇ is preferably 3 degrees or more.
- the bending radius R1 of the bent ridge line 20a is 0.1 mm or less, there is a high possibility that mold galling will occur when passing through the position of the ridge line, and when it is 30 mm or more, the bending / bending return resistance may be insufficient.
- the bending radius R1 is preferably 0.1 mm or greater and 30 mm or less.
- the bending radius R1 is more preferably 1 mm or more and 20 mm or less.
- the ridgelines 20a and 30a are preferably set to the full length of the region where material movement occurs.
- the folding angle ⁇ of each ridge 20a can be set small.
- the gap between the pad 30 and the upper mold 40 becomes large, and the ridgeline Occurrence of bending / bending return resistance by 20a and 30a becomes unstable. Therefore, it is preferable to set the pressure and shape so that the pad 30 can be pressed with a pressure that does not cause wrinkles on the surface of the top plate portion 2 of the curved portion during molding.
- the position of the ridge lines 20a, 30a is set to the inside of the final product where the upper mold 40 is moved to the bottom dead center and the bending process is completed, a sliding mark is formed in a region where the material has passed the ridge lines 20a, 30a during molding. May occur and affect appearance quality. Moreover, since the broken line by the ridgelines 20a and 30a remains in the product, the product shape may be restricted. For this reason, the position corresponding to the top plate part 2 in the metal plate 10 is the ridge line 20a, 30a, 30a in a state where the formation of the vertical wall part 3 and the flange part 4 by the relative movement of the upper mold 40 is completed. It is preferable to set the position so as to move to the vertical wall 3 side from the position 30a.
- FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the lower die 20 and the component 1 when bending is completed.
- L-shaped and T-shaped parts which are likely to be stretch flange cracks, can be manufactured stably and inexpensively even in mass production.
- 7 illustrates the case where the ridge line 20a is set so as to be convex upward, but the ridge line 20a may be set so as to protrude downward as shown in FIG.
- the position of the top plate part 2 exists in the vertical wall part 3 side rather than all the ridgeline positions in the state where one or two or more ridgelines provided in the clamping region P have been bent. Set to the position to be used.
- the second embodiment at least a part of at least one ridge line among all the ridge lines provided in the clamping region P is overlapped with the top plate portion 2 in a state where the bending is completed. It differs from the first embodiment in that the position of each ridge line is set.
- the configuration of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- symbol is attached
- the manufacturing method of the press part 1 of this embodiment is a manufacturing method of the press part 1 manufactured by press-molding a metal plate (also referred to as a blank material) into a preset press shape.
- the set press shape includes a top plate portion 2 having a curved outer peripheral edge portion 2a that is curved so that a part of the outer peripheral edge is recessed inward, and a vertical wall portion 3A that is continuous with the curved outer peripheral edge portion 2a of the top plate portion 2. And a flange portion 4A that is bent to the top plate portion 2 side continuously to the vertical wall portion 3A (see FIG. 1).
- the manufacturing method of the press part 1 of this embodiment is a technique suitable when the metal plate is made of a high-tensile steel plate having a tensile strength of 590 MPa or more, preferably 780 MPa or more.
- the press part 1 targeted by the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, such as a T-shaped part or an L-shaped part as shown in FIG.
- the pressed part 1 is also manufactured by press molding mainly of bending.
- the press mold used in the press molding of this embodiment includes an upper mold 40 (bending mold), a lower mold 20 (punch), and a pad 30 (see FIGS. 13 and 14).
- 3 A of vertical wall parts which continue to the curved outer periphery part 2a of the top-plate part 2, and it bend
- the clamping region P which is a region including at least a part of the region corresponding to the top plate portion 2 of the metal plate, is sandwiched between the lower mold 20 and the pad 30.
- the material of the clamping region P sandwiched between the lower mold 20 and the pad 30 is moved vertically while moving to the vertical wall portion 3 side.
- the wall part 3 and the flange part 4 are bent and formed into a desired part shape.
- One or two or more ridge lines 20a extending in a direction intersecting the material movement direction S are provided on the surface of the lower mold 20 that sandwiches the sandwiching region P (a surface portion facing the pad 30) (see FIG. 12, see FIG.
- the surface of the lower mold 20 has different slopes on both sides with each ridge line 20a as a boundary.
- the movement of the material mainly occurs on the side where the distance from the curved outer peripheral edge 2a to the end of the metal plate 10 is small.
- the ridgeline 20a is disposed on the side where the distance from the curved outer peripheral edge 2a to the end of the metal plate 10 is small.
- the difference in inclination between the surfaces on both sides of the ridgeline 20a (hereinafter also referred to as the folding angle ⁇ ) is set to 1 degree or more and less than 90 degrees (see FIG. 14).
- the folding angle ⁇ is preferably 3 ° to 15 °, more preferably 3 ° to 10 °.
- the bending radius R1 at the position of the ridge line 20a is set to, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 30 mm or less (see FIG. 14).
- the bending radius is a radius on the side of less than 180 degrees.
- the ridge line 20a does not necessarily extend linearly, and may be formed to draw a slight curve. Further, structural analysis such as CAD analysis may be performed to estimate the moving direction S of the material, and the extending direction of the ridge line 20a may be set so as to be orthogonal to the estimated moving direction S of the material.
- the two or more ridge lines 20a are formed so as to be aligned in the material movement direction S.
- the direction of the convex side of the two or more ridge lines 20a is preferably set to be the same in the vertical direction (see FIG. 15).
- at the setting position of each ridge line 20a in the state where the vertical wall portion 3 and the flange portion 4 are formed by the relative movement of the upper mold 40, at least one ridge line among all the ridge lines 20a.
- the position of each ridge line 20a is set so that at least a part of 20a overlaps the top plate 2 in a state where the bending has been completed.
- the ridgeline 20a is only one line, at least a part of the ridgeline 20a is bent, and in a state where the molding is completed, the ridgeline 20a is set so as to overlap the top plate 2 (see FIG. 16).
- the sandwiching surface of the pad 30 has a surface shape that follows the surface of the lower mold 20 that faces the metal plate. That is, the pad 30 has a ridge line 30a as a second ridge line extending in the same direction as the ridge line 20a facing each other at a position facing each ridge line 20a provided on the lower mold surface of the pad 30.
- the surface has a shape in which the surfaces on both sides of each ridge line 30a follow the surface of the opposed lower mold 20 as a boundary.
- a ridge line 30a on the pad 30 side is formed on the holding surface of the pad 30 at a position facing the ridge line 20a formed on the surface of the lower mold 20 in the vertical direction, and the holding surface of the pad 30 is on the pad 30 side.
- the slopes on both sides of the ridge line 30a are different.
- the difference in inclination (bending angle ⁇ ) and the bending radius R2 on both sides of the pad 30 sandwiching the ridge line 30a are equal to the inclination difference ⁇ and the bending radius R1 on the lower mold 20 side.
- the bending radius R2 does not need to be equal to the bending radius R1, but is preferably equal to or less than the bending radius R1.
- the pressure of the pad pressure (clamping pressure between the lower mold 20 and the pad 30) is a pressure at which wrinkles are not generated on the top plate portion 2 of the curved portion during bending molding (for example, the gap between the pad 30 and the punch is blank until the molding bottom dead center)
- the pressure is set so as not to exceed the plate thickness of the material, and the material is pressed in a state where the material can be moved at the curved portion during the above bending.
- a pre-process of the above main forming process a process of giving a partial shape to the top plate surface or the like may be provided.
- re-striking the final product or trimming of the outer periphery may be performed as a post-process of the above-described main forming step.
- the lower mold 20 and the pad 30 hold down at least a region (clamping region P) including the top plate portion 2 of the curved portion, which is a region where material movement occurs during bending.
- a region (clamping region P) including the top plate portion 2 of the curved portion which is a region where material movement occurs during bending.
- the ridge lines 20a and 30a provided on the lower mold 20 and the pad 30 bending that is a deformation in the out-of-plane direction is given to the sandwiched metal plate portions at the positions of the ridge lines 20a and 30a. Accordingly, when the metal plate portion sandwiched between the lower mold 20 and the pad 30 moves to the vertical wall portion 3 side during bending, the sandwiched metal plate portions are at the positions of the ridge lines 20a and 30a.
- bending / bending return deformation is continuously applied in the out-of-plane direction.
- the metal plate portion sandwiched between the lower mold 20 and the pad 30 is moved to the vertical wall 3 side, so that the ridge lines 20a and 30a This acts in a direction to suppress material movement in the sandwiching region P during bending. That is, the material movement conditions can be controlled by setting the ridge lines 20a and 30a.
- the metal plate 10 as shown in FIG. 2 is manufactured by press molding on the component 1 having the component shape as shown in FIG. 3
- the metal plate 10 is installed on the top plate surface of the lower mold 20, and as shown in FIG. 12, the top plate of the curved portion (curved outer peripheral edge portion 2a curved so as to be recessed inward).
- the holding region P including the metal plate 10 corresponding to the portion 2 is pressed against the lower mold 20 by the pad 30 and is held between the lower mold 20 and the pad 30.
- the pad pressure is set so that the sandwiched metal plate 10 portion can move toward the vertical wall portion 3 at least in the curved portion and the vicinity thereof.
- the metal plate 10 is bent and shaped so as to follow the side surface portion and the bottom surface portion of the lower die 20 and the vertical wall portion. 3 and the flange part 4 are formed, and it becomes the target press part.
- the vertical wall portion 3 and the flange portion 4 that are located at the lower portion of the paper surface of FIG. 12 and extend in a straight line shape of the top plate portion 2 and continuous to the outer edge portion 2b other than the curved outer peripheral edge portion 2a are As shown, the metal plate 10 is bent by the movement of the upper die 40 in the pressing direction, and the vertical wall portion 3 and the flange portion 4 are formed.
- the portion of the metal plate 10 sandwiched between the pad 30 and the lower mold 20 is provided. The material moves to the vertical wall 3A side.
- the material of the metal plate 10 portion sandwiched between the pad 30 and the lower mold 20 passes through the position of the ridge line 20a. While being bent in the out-of-plane direction and bent back, the bending position is continuously bent as the material moves, and the bending is performed.
- the material moves, in addition to the frictional resistance between the mold and the material, it is possible to continuously generate the bending and bending back resistance in the material, so that the top plate surface during molding The amount of movement of the material becomes stable.
- the bending / bending return resistance is larger than the frictional resistance, and is less susceptible to fluctuations in mass production. For this reason, in this embodiment, the fluctuation
- the lower mold 20 is formed with a surface having a mountain-shaped cross section with the ridgeline 20a as the top.
- a bead shape having a semicircular cross section or a trapezoidal shape is provided instead of forming the ridgeline 20a, so that surface flaws are likely to occur. If surface defects remain in the product, there may be a problem. Further, when the bead shape is used, a larger pad force is required as compared with the ridgeline 20a.
- the bending / bending return resistance greatly varies depending on the angle (folding angle ⁇ ) at the position of the ridge line 20a and the bending radius R1 of the ridge line 20a. If the bending angle ⁇ is 1 degree or less, the bending and bending back resistance may be small.
- the folding angle ⁇ can be set up to an angle of less than 90 degrees by adjusting the pad pressure. However, depending on the pad pressure, when the bending angle ⁇ is 15 degrees or more, there is a possibility that it may lead to stretch flange cracking due to an increase in bending and bending back resistance when passing through the positions of the ridgelines 20a and 30a. For this reason, the bending angle ⁇ is preferably 1 degree or more and 15 degrees or less, and more preferably 1 degree or more and 10 degrees or less. In consideration of stability in mass production, the folding angle ⁇ is preferably 3 degrees or more.
- the bending radius R1 of the bent ridge line 20a is 0.1 mm or less, there is a high possibility that mold galling will occur when passing through the position of the ridge line, and when it is 30 mm or more, the bending / bending return resistance may be insufficient.
- the bending radius R1 is preferably 0.1 mm or greater and 30 mm or less.
- the bending radius R1 is more preferably 1 mm or more and 20 mm or less.
- the ridgelines 20a and 30a are preferably set to the full length of the region where material movement occurs.
- the folding angle ⁇ of each ridge 20a can be set small.
- the gap between the pad 30 and the upper mold 40 becomes large, and the ridgeline Occurrence of bending / bending return resistance by 20a and 30a becomes unstable. Therefore, it is preferable to set the pressure and shape so that the pad 30 can be pressed with a pressure that does not cause wrinkles on the surface of the top plate portion 2 of the curved portion during molding.
- the positions of the ridge lines 20a and 30a are set in the final product under the condition that no sliding trace remains.
- designing the blank shape so that the shape after molding becomes the outer periphery of the final product shape leads to reduction of the trim process, Further cost reduction is possible.
- FIG. 16 shows the relationship between the lower mold 20 and the component 1 when bending is completed.
- L-shaped and T-shaped parts which are likely to be stretch flange cracks, can be manufactured stably and inexpensively even in mass production.
- FIG. 14 illustrates the case where the ridge line 20a is set so as to protrude upward, the ridge line 20a may be set so as to protrude downward as shown in FIG.
- FEM analysis was performed under the condition that the L-shaped press part 1 shown in FIG. 1B is press-molded with the upper mold 40 while being sandwiched between the lower mold 20 and the pad 30.
- the material of the metal plate 10 used was a tensile strength of 980 MPa class and a plate thickness of 1.2 mm.
- the pad pressure was 10 tons.
- the bending angles ⁇ and ⁇ of the ridge lines 20a and 30a are set to 10 degrees
- the bending radii R1 and R2 are set to 10 mm
- the ridge lines 20a and 30a are set to one line
- the lower mold 20 and the pad 30 and the amount of material movement Has been confirmed to be stable and capable of being molded without the occurrence of stretch flange cracks.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
曲げ主体の成形工法に用いられる金型は、一般的に、ダイ(下型)、パンチ(上型)及び成形中にブランク材を安定させるパッドから構成される。しかしながら、湾曲部のフランジ端で発生する伸びフランジ割れは、上記の曲げ主体の成形においても問題となる場合が多い。
特許文献1には、L字形状部品の製造において、ブランク材のL字の下側に相当する部分の端部が製品の天板部と同一平面上にある状態でパッドによりブランク材を加圧し、その状態で、上型によって曲げ成形を行う方法が開示されている。
特許文献2には、ブランク材に対し短手縁部に沿って延びる直線状のビードや段差を形成した後に、縦壁部及びフランジ部を曲げ成形する方法が開示されている。
本発明は、上記のような点に着目してなされたもので、簡易に且つより安定して湾曲部での伸びフランジ割れを抑えることが可能な技術を提供することを目的とする。
ここで、図面は模式的なものであり、厚さと平面寸法との関係、各層の厚さの比率等は現実のものとは異なる。また、以下に示す実施形態は、本発明の技術的思想を具体化するための構成を例示するものであって、本発明の技術的思想は、構成部品の形状、構造等が下記のものに特定するものでない。本発明の技術的思想は、特許請求の範囲に記載された請求項が規定する技術的範囲内において、種々の変更を加えることができる。
まず、本発明に基づく第1実施形態について説明する。
本実施形態のプレス部品1の製造方法は、金属板(ブランク材とも呼ぶ)を予め設定したプレス形状にプレス成形して製造するプレス部品1の製造方法である。設定したプレス形状は、外周縁の一部が内方へ凹むように湾曲した湾曲外周縁部2aを有する天板部2と、天板部2の湾曲外周縁部2aに連続する縦壁部3Aと、その縦壁部3Aに連続して天板部2側に屈曲するフランジ部4Aとを有する部品形状(図1参照)である。
本実施形態のプレス部品1の製造方法は、金属板が、引張強度590MPa以上、好ましくは780MPa以上の高張力鋼板からなる場合に好適な技術である。
本実施形態のプレス部品1の製造方法は、曲げ主体のプレス成形でプレス部品1を製造する。本実施形態のプレス成形で使用するプレス成形金型は、上型40(曲げ型)、下型20(パンチ)及びパッド30を備える(図6、図7参照)。
材料の移動は、主として、湾曲外周縁部2aから金属板10の端部までの距離が小さい側で発生する。また、図3のような部品形状の場合、湾曲外周縁部2aの右側(紙面右側)に連続する直線状の外縁部に対し連続した縦壁部位置でも、曲げ成形時に縦壁部側への材料の移動が発生する。
このため、稜線20aを、湾曲外周縁部2aから金属板10の端部までの距離が小さい側に配置している。
稜線20aは、必ずしも直線状に延在している必要はなく、やや曲線を描くように形成しても良い。またCAD解析などの構造解析を行って、材料の移動方向Sを推定し、その推定した材料の移動方向Sと直交するように稜線20aの延在方向を設定しても良い。
また、本実施形態では、各稜線20aの設定位置について、上型40の相対移動による縦壁部3及びフランジ部4の成形が完了した状態では、天板部2が、全ての稜線20aの位置よりも縦壁部3側に存在している位置に設定することが好ましい。
以下の説明では、各稜線20aの設定位置について、上型40の相対移動による縦壁部3及びフランジ部4の成形が完了した状態では、天板部2の位置が、全ての稜線20a位置よりも縦壁部3側に存在するような位置に設定されているとして説明する(図9参照)。
以上の本成形工程の前工程として、天板面等に部分的な形状を付与する工程を設けても良い。また、以上の本成形工程の後工程として、最終製品へのリストライクや外周のトリム加工を実施しても良い。すなわちスポット溶接用の座面などの形状の付与やトリムピアス工程、リストライク工程を、前後の工程として追加することは可能である。また、材料移動が発生する天板部2の領域には折れ線以外の形状の付与は摺動痕が発生する恐れがあるため極力避けることが望ましい。しかし、材料移動が発生しない領域への形状付与は問題ない。
以下の例では、図2に示すような金属板10を、図3に示すような部品形状の部品1にプレス成形で製造する場合を例に挙げて説明する。
金属板10は、図4に示すように、下型20の天板面上に設置され、図5のように、湾曲部(内方へ凹むように湾曲した湾曲外周縁部2a)の天板部2に相当する金属板10部分を含む挟持領域Pを、下型20に対しパッド30で押さえて下型20とパッド30で挟持する。
このとき、縦壁部3及びフランジ部4を曲げ成形する際に、少なくとも湾曲部及びその近傍では、挟持している金属板10部分が縦壁部3側に移動可能なパッド圧に設定する。
このとき、図5の紙面下側部分に位置して天板部2の直線状に延びる、湾曲外周縁部2a以外の外縁部2bに連続する縦壁部3及びフランジ部4は、図6に示すように、上型40のプレス方向への移動によって、金属板10が、曲げ成形されて縦壁部3及びフランジ部4が形成される。
また、この成形の際、湾曲外周縁部2aに連続する縦壁部3A及びフランジ部4Aの部分では、図7に示すように、パッド30と下型20で挟持されている金属板10部分の材料が縦壁部3A側に移動する。
このように、本実施形態では、材料の移動の際に、金型と材料との間の摩擦抵抗以外に、材料に曲げ曲げ戻し抵抗を連続して発生させることができるため、成形中の天板面での材料の移動量が安定する。ここで、曲げ曲げ戻し抵抗は、摩擦抵抗より大きく、量産での変動を受けにくい。このため、本実施形態では、材料移動の量産での変動が小さくすることができ、散発的な伸びフランジ割れをより効果的に抑えることができる。
なお、上記の稜線20aの設定条件(折れ角度α、曲げ半径R1)は、製品形状やめっきなどの材料の表面状態、金属板10の形状などによって適切な条件が存在する。適切な条件はFEM解析によるコンピュータシミュレーションから求めることも可能である。また稜線20a、30aは材料移動が発生する領域の全長に設定することが好ましい。
また、成形中は湾曲部分の天板部2に相当する位置でシワが発生しやすく、パッド圧がシワ発生を抑えることができないほど小さい場合、パッド30と上型40の隙間が大きくなり、稜線20a、30aによる曲げ曲げ戻し抵抗の発生が不安定となる。よって、パッド30は成形中に湾曲部分の天板部2の面にシワが発生しない圧力で押さえることができるように、圧力や形状を設定することが好ましい。
以上のように、本実施形態にあっては、伸びフランジ割れが懸念されるL字やT字部品を量産でも安定して安価で製造ができる。
なお、図7では、上方に凸となるように稜線20aを設定した場合を例示しているが、図10に示すように、下方に凸となるように稜線20aを設定しても良い。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。
第1実施形態では、挟持領域Pに設けた1条又は2条以上の稜線が、曲げ成形が完了した状態では、天板部2の位置が全ての稜線位置よりも縦壁部3側に存在する位置に設定する。これに対し、第2実施形態では、挟持領域Pに設けた全ての稜線のうちの少なくとも1条の稜線の少なくとも一部が、曲げ成形が完了した状態では、天板部2と重なるように、各稜線の位置を設定する点で、第1実施形態と異なる。
その他の構成については、第2実施形態の構成は、上記の第1実施形態と同様な構成となっている。
また、第1実施形態と同様な構成については、同一の符号を付して説明する。
本実施形態のプレス部品1の製造方法は、金属板が、引張強度590MPa以上、好ましくは780MPa以上の高張力鋼板からなる場合に好適な技術である。
本実施形態のプレス部品1の製造方法も、曲げ主体のプレス成形でプレス部品1を製造する。本実施形態のプレス成形で使用するプレス成形金型は、上型40(曲げ型)、下型20(パンチ)及びパッド30を備える(図13、図14参照)。
材料の移動は、主として、湾曲外周縁部2aから金属板10の端部までの距離が小さい側で発生する。また、図3のような部品形状の場合、湾曲外周縁部2aの右側(紙面右側)に連続する直線状の外縁部に対し連続した縦壁部位置でも、曲げ成形時に縦壁部側への材料の移動が発生する。
このため、稜線20aを、湾曲外周縁部2aから金属板10の端部までの距離が小さい側に配置している。
稜線20aは、必ずしも直線状に延在している必要はなく、やや曲線を描くように形成しても良い。またCAD解析などの構造解析を行って、材料の移動方向Sを推定し、その推定した材料の移動方向Sと直交するように稜線20aの延在方向を設定しても良い。
また、本実施形態では、各稜線20aの設定位置について、上型40の相対移動による縦壁部3及びフランジ部4の成形が完了した状態では、全ての稜線20aのうちの少なくとも1条の稜線20aの少なくとも一部が、曲げ成形が完了した状態では天板部2と重なるように、各稜線20aの位置を設定する。稜線20aが1条だけである場合には、その稜線20aの少なくとも一部が曲げ、成形が完了した状態では、上記天板部2と重なるように設定する(図16参照)。
以上の本成形工程の前工程として、天板面等に部分的な形状を付与する工程を設けても良い。また、以上の本成形工程の後工程として、最終製品へのリストライクや外周のトリム加工を実施しても良い。すなわちスポット溶接用の座面などの形状の付与やトリムピアス工程、リストライク工程を、前後の工程として追加することは可能である。また、材料移動が発生する天板部2の領域には折れ線以外の形状の付与は摺動痕が発生する恐れがあるため極力避けることが望ましい。しかし、材料移動が発生しない領域への形状付与は問題ない。
以下の例では、図2に示すような金属板10を、図3に示すような部品形状の部品1にプレス成形で製造する場合を例に挙げて説明する。
金属板10は、図11に示すように、下型20の天板面上に設置され、図12のように、湾曲部(内方へ凹むように湾曲した湾曲外周縁部2a)の天板部2に相当する金属板10部分を含む挟持領域Pを、下型20に対しパッド30で押さえて下型20とパッド30で挟持する。
このとき、縦壁部3及びフランジ部4を曲げ成形する際に、少なくとも湾曲部及びその近傍では、挟持している金属板10部分が縦壁部3側に移動可能なパッド圧に設定する。
このとき、図12の紙面下側部分に位置して天板部2の直線状に延びる、湾曲外周縁部2a以外の外縁部2bに連続する縦壁部3及びフランジ部4は、図13に示すように、上型40のプレス方向への移動によって、金属板10が、曲げ成形されて縦壁部3及びフランジ部4が形成される。
また、この成形の際、湾曲外周縁部2aに連続する縦壁部3A及びフランジ部4Aの部分では、図14に示すように、パッド30と下型20で挟持されている金属板10部分の材料が縦壁部3A側に移動する。
このように、本実施形態では、材料の移動の際に、金型と材料間の摩擦抵抗以外に、材料に曲げ曲げ戻し抵抗を連続して発生させることができるため、成形中の天板面での材料の移動量が安定する。ここで、曲げ曲げ戻し抵抗は、摩擦抵抗より大きく、量産での変動を受けにくい。このため、本実施形態では、材料移動の量産での変動が小さくすることができ、散発的な伸びフランジ割れをより効果的に抑えることができる。
なお、上記の稜線20aの設定条件(折れ角度α、曲げ半径R1)は、製品形状やめっきなどの材料の表面状態、金属板10の形状などによって適切な条件が存在する。適切な条件はFEM解析によるコンピュータシミュレーションから求めることも可能である。また稜線20a、30aは材料移動が発生する領域の全長に設定することが好ましい。
また、成形中は湾曲部分の天板部2に相当する位置でシワが発生しやすく、パッド圧がシワ発生を抑えることができないほど小さい場合、パッド30と上型40の隙間が大きくなり、稜線20a、30aによる曲げ曲げ戻し抵抗の発生が不安定となる。よって、パッド30は成形中に湾曲部分の天板部2の面にシワが発生しない圧力で押さえることができるように、圧力や形状を設定することが好ましい。
以上のように、本実施形態にあっては、伸びフランジ割れが懸念されるL字やT字部品を量産でも安定して安価で製造ができる。
なお、図14では、上方に凸となるように稜線20aを設定した場合を例示しているが、図17に示すように、下方に凸となるように稜線20aを設定しても良い。
下型20に稜線20a、30aを設けない平面形状とした場合(稜線20a、30aを設けない場合)には、湾曲部分において材料の移動が大きく、湾曲部分のブランク部下端での伸びフランジ割れの危険性が高かった。
一方、稜線20a、30aの折れ角度α、βを10度、曲げ半径R1、R2を10mmの稜線20a、30aを1条、下型20及びパッド30に設定する条件で解析したところ、材料移動量が安定し、伸びフランジ割れが発生することなく成形が可能となることを確認した。
2 天板部
2a 湾曲外周縁部
3 縦壁部
3A 湾曲外周縁部に連続する縦壁部
4、4A フランジ部
10 金属板
20 下型
20a 稜線
30 パッド
30a 稜線(第2の稜線)
40 上型
P 挟持領域
R1 曲げ半径
α 折れ角度
Claims (6)
- 外周縁の一部が内方へ凹むように湾曲した湾曲外周縁部を有する天板部と、上記天板部の上記湾曲外周縁部に連続する縦壁部と、上記縦壁部に連続して上記天板部側に屈曲するフランジ部とを有する部品形状に、金属板をプレス成形して製造するプレス部品の製造方法であって、
上記金属板における上記天板部に相当する領域の少なくとも一部を含む領域である挟持領域を、下型とパッドとで挟持した状態で、相対的に上記下型に対し上型をプレス方向に移動させることで、上記下型とパッドとで挟持している上記挟持領域の材料の少なくとも一部を上記縦壁部側に移動させながら上記縦壁部及び上記フランジ部を曲げ成形し、
上記曲げ成形する際に、上記下型とパッドとで挟持される金属板部分に対し、上記材料の移動に応じて、上記材料の移動方向に交差する方向へ延びる折り曲げ部位置で面外方向への曲げ曲げ戻し変形を連続して付与することで、材料の移動を制御することを特徴とするプレス部品の製造方法。 - 上記挟持領域を挟持する下型の面に対し、上記材料の移動方向に交差する方向へ延びる1条又は2条以上の稜線を上記折り曲げ部として設け、上記下型の面は、各稜線を境とした両側の面の傾きが異なり、
上記各稜線は、上記曲げ成形が完了した状態では、上記天板部の位置が、全ての稜線位置よりも縦壁部側に存在する位置に設定する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載したプレス部品の製造方法。 - 上記挟持領域を挟持する下型の面に対し、上記材料の移動方向に交差する方向へ延びる1条又は2条以上の稜線を上記折り曲げ部として設け、上記下型の面は、各稜線を境とした両側の面の傾きが異なり、
上記全ての稜線のうちの少なくとも1条の稜線の少なくとも一部が、上記曲げ成形が完了した状態では、上記天板部と重なるように、各稜線の位置を設定する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載したプレス部品の製造方法。 - 上記稜線を境とした両側の面の傾きの差が1度以上90度未満で、稜線位置での曲げ半径が0.1mm以上30mm以下であることを特徴とする請求項2又は請求項3に記載したプレス部品の製造方法。
- 上記パッドの面における上記下型の面に設けた各稜線と対向する位置に、それぞれ対向する上記稜線と同方向に延在する第2の稜線を有し、上記パッドの面は、各第2の稜線を境とした両側の面が、対向する上記下型の面に追従した形状となっていることを特徴とする請求項2~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載したプレス部品の製造方法。
- 上記金属板は、引張強度590MPa以上の高張力鋼板であることを特徴とする請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載したプレス部品の製造方法。
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| CN201980033855.5A CN112154036B (zh) | 2018-05-24 | 2019-05-22 | 冲压部件的制造方法 |
| MX2020012583A MX2020012583A (es) | 2018-05-24 | 2019-05-22 | Metodo para fabricar componente prensado. |
| US17/057,306 US11731185B2 (en) | 2018-05-24 | 2019-05-22 | Method for manufacturing pressed component |
| KR1020207033451A KR102463643B1 (ko) | 2018-05-24 | 2019-05-22 | 프레스 부품의 제조 방법 |
| EP19806798.5A EP3804875B1 (en) | 2018-05-24 | 2019-05-22 | Method for manufacturing pressed component |
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| WO2021205947A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-10-14 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | プレス成形体の製造方法およびプレス成形体の製造装置 |
| WO2021205692A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-10-14 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | プレス成形方法及びプレス成形品 |
| JP2021166998A (ja) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-10-21 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | プレス成形品 |
| JP2021166997A (ja) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-10-21 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | プレス成形方法 |
| JP2022072562A (ja) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-17 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | プレス成形方法、プレス成形用金型およびプレス成形用金型の設計方法 |
| JP7273355B1 (ja) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-05-15 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 構造部材及びその製造方法 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| KR20200141513A (ko) | 2020-12-18 |
| JP6648867B1 (ja) | 2020-02-14 |
| EP3804875B1 (en) | 2025-07-02 |
| KR102463643B1 (ko) | 2022-11-03 |
| EP3804875A1 (en) | 2021-04-14 |
| US11731185B2 (en) | 2023-08-22 |
| JPWO2019225661A1 (ja) | 2020-05-28 |
| MX2020012583A (es) | 2021-01-29 |
| US20210316352A1 (en) | 2021-10-14 |
| EP3804875A4 (en) | 2021-08-04 |
| CN112154036A (zh) | 2020-12-29 |
| CN112154036B (zh) | 2023-04-04 |
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