WO2019202183A1 - Spacer for steel reinforcements - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a spacer for reinforcements (11) of a floor (10), the body of which spacer has a central vertical through-opening and a gap parallel to the floor for accommodating the reinforcement. The spacer is supported on three feet, one of which has a through-opening. A securing element is inserted through the opening in the spacer coinciding with the foot with a through-opening, locking the reinforcement (11) in the gap and anchoring the spacer to the formwork panel (10). The spacer can be used in sloped floors and in exposed floors.

Description

 DISTANCER FOR STEEL ARMORS

Technical sector

The present invention falls within the construction sector, more specifically in the conformation of concrete structures in buildings and infrastructure.

Background of the Invention

In the field of architecture and engineering the techniques and procedures for the realization of a reinforced concrete slab are known, this structural element can be horizontal: forming the separation of the different floors of a building, or inclined in the case of roofs . These mixed steel and concrete structures require that the metal elements be located precisely as they were calculated, respecting the distances between them as well as the distance of these metal elements within the design of the floor slab, respecting the lightening elements if any. as in the case of bidirectional, reticular or lightened slabs. Cooperating in the construction of the slabs, a temporary or permanent element is needed on which the concrete that forms a kind of mold known as formwork is poured, due to its versatility and lightness in traditional systems, recoverable formwork formed by pieces is used in construction. of wood supported by a plurality of metal struts adjustable in height.

It is well known in the sector the use of separators to ensure the correct coating of the reinforcements and facilitate the task of fixing or tying more comfortably, these are made with ceramic materials or concrete, although they are mostly made of plastic material, as described American patent with publication number US2013 / 0125798 of the inventor Ciayton W.loweryque describes a chair-like element with a support base for annular nature formwork and which is raised in the form of a truncated cone that has fins that receive and hold to metallic elements by interference or clipping. This solution with slight modifications of geometry are provided by other applicants granting the same function, as can be seen in US Patents 2012/0233956 of Inventor Wayne D.Fey or in US 8099925 of inventor WadeS.Coons. These types of solutions are difficult to use in inclined bases since they do not have specific means to be anchored to the formwork structure with what is not guaranteed to remain in your

position and less at the time of concrete pouring which compromises the

slab security, they are also not valid when elements are used

 :: lightening as it could cause the armor to float along with

they. According to models, they are also not suitable for concrete slabs seen by

the large contact surface of its base with the board that is then visible.

The applicant does not therefore know solutions such as the one recommended herein.

invention.

Object of the Invention

Provide the construction sector with a simple and low-cost element that

facilitate and guarantee the fixation of the metal elements that make up the floor

of a structure, through an operation that optimizes the fixing times of

these, applicable both in horizontal slabs and roofs, whether

it is about lightened floors or not. The spacer object of the present invention

it must allow in a single step to retain the metallic element and fix the own

spacer to a recoverable formwork of wood or other materials, as well as

allow for its low contact surface with the formwork its use in floors

seen.

Description of the invention

The spacer for recommended steel reinforcements consists of a body

main intended to house a steel armor bar of a fixed

concrete and means to retain this within the referred body at the same time as the

The spacer's own body is fixed to the board of a wooden formwork or other

materials, for its simplicity of manufacture and low cost the spacer is made

preferably in plastic materials. To accomplish both referred tasks, the

The spacer body has three support points consisting of three

legs, one of which has a through opening in its longitudinal direction,

on these legs a body emerges with a centered through opening

perpendicular to the formwork that lightens the spacer and facilitates during

concreting that the concrete penetrates through said opening, also has another concentric through opening at the opening of the leg described

previously; to accommodate the armor rod conveniently in the body,

it has a recess substantially parallel to the floor of the floor

open area leaves the concentric through opening to the leg free. One time

introduced the armor in this recess, the recommended spacer has

of means for retaining this and at the same time fixing the spacer to the formwork, these

media differ depending on the nature of the panels, in the case of

wooden formwork panels or boards these means are materialized by

a fixing element consisting of a piece that acts as a nail

preferably plastic nature that therefore has a head and a

tip, this nail is introduced in the opening of the body that is

concentric to the opening of the leg, in this way the bar of the armor is

found confined in the recess, by the action of a hammer on the

nail head the tip of the latter penetrates the wooden formwork board

Fixing the set. The action of retaining the armor and fixing the spacer to the

formwork board is done simply, guaranteeing the dimensions of

design, and the absence of problems such as buoyancy, usual circumstance

especially in lightened floors. Its fixed to the formwork board allows

the use on sloping floors or roofs. Versions are planned for the case of formwork formed by plates

metal where the fixing means consist of blocking the armor

introducing through the concentric opening to the leg and the opening of the leg

a serpent or flange by means of a loop, this flange or servo can be inserted

easily between the joints of the formwork panels and fixed with means

conventional such as the tightening of the rope made by twisting it, or

others in which to carry out this operation a nail is available

characterized by having at its end at the head a laminar shape that

it is introduced analogously through the opening of the spacer body and the

leg opening, the portion protruding from the floor of this sheet can

be folded retaining the set simply and efficiently.

To allow in the case of slabs seen the minimum visual impact of the

spacers object of this invention, the support legs have a

rounding at its ends that minimizes their contact surface with the

formwork, achieving good stability and integration with the concrete. He

: Color separator and nail to be of a plastic nature is simple to manufacture in a range close to the color of the concrete contributing this mimicry that in slabs seen are practically imperceptible.

The three-legged shape allows the concrete to be placed between them in the concreting, leaving as little plastic as possible exposed to the outside and stiffening the area through concrete.

Versions are planned in which the nail has a notch close to its tip in order to facilitate after removing the formwork breaking the nail by a dry blow by this weakened point, flush with the concrete slab formed to be removed with this impact the portion of nail that remained on the formwork board. Or others in which the nail presents on the surface of the portion that penetrates the formwork of different geometries in order to create a firmer retention when it penetrates the wood, this is solved by conventional means such as spiral engraving, striating! ndentations. On some occasions, as in the case of small slabs where there is no risk of moving the reinforcements, versions are provided where the retention nail has a length substantially less than the housing formed by the spacer openings and its leg, acting only as a blocking of the armor without being fixed in the formwork structure. Description of the drawings

For the best understanding of what is described herein, some drawings are attached in which, by way of example, a list of the figures of the proposed invention is represented.

Figure 1 shows an isometric view of the spacer and its fixing nail, where it can be seen:

1. Distance element

 2. Legs

 3. Leg with through opening

 4. Through opening of concentric spacer to leg 3 and opening leg 3

5. Through spacer opening centered on the legs

6. Fixing element Figure 2 shows an isometric view of the spacer with the fixing element through its openings.

Figures, the tip (7) of the fixing element, the head (8) and the notch (9) can be seen. Figure 4 shows a spacer located on a formwork board (10) in working situation; The fixing element is nailed to the board while retaining the reinforcement bar (11).

Figure 5, the spacer can be seen prior to the placement of the fixing element, the leg presenting the through opening is located on the joint of the formwork panels (12).

Figure 6, collects the retaining nail used in metal formwork (13) provided with a cylindrical body (14) from which a metallic laminar body (15) emerges at its distal end.

Figure 7, the introduction of the retention nail inserted between the joining line of two metal formwork elements and the bending of the metal sheet body of the nail retaining the assembly can be seen.

Figure 8 shows the fixing of the spacer and reinforcement assembly by means of a loop made with a rope (16) and its retention and tied by twisting exerted by a pin (17).

Description of a preferred embodiment

An example of a preferred embodiment is cited, being independent of the object of the invention the materials used in its manufacture, as well as the methods of application and all the accessory details that may arise, as long as they do not affect its essentiality.

A preferred embodiment of the spacer for steel reinforcements is proposed, it presents means to be placed comfortably on both a horizontal slab and a roof, the spacer (1) made of plastic materials has three legs, two of them are solid (2) while the third leg (3) figure 1 presents a through opening made in its direction longitudinal; on these legs a portion of the cylindrical nature riser is raised, this body has a concentric and internal opening (5) to the legs of a passing nature, this opening lightens the spacer and favors the integration of the latter into the pouring of the concrete into the mass . The element of the armor that we want to fix is housed in the spacer thanks to a recess in the cylindrical body described of a nature substantially parallel to the floor and whose free area coincides with the opening of the leg. It also has another through opening (4) coinciding with that presented by the leg (3) in such a way that through them an element that retains the reinforcement can be introduced, closing the recess figures 4,7 and 8. In this embodiment preferred the element that guarantees the retention of the reinforcement (1 1) and fixation of the assembly to a formwork formed by wooden boards (10) figure 4 is constituted by the nail (6) figure 1, the cooperation of the nail with the spacer allows guarantee a fast and efficient fixation, allowing work on roofs as well as on lightened floors as already exposed.

It has a special advantage for the use in slabs seen by having the means spacer to minimize the contact surface with the formwork elements, this minimization is achieved by reducing the contact surface to the three legs which in turn have a rounding in their ends in order to make the spacer practically imperceptible after removal of the formwork, this singularity is enhanced by the choice of a color in its manufacture close to the concrete used.

Claims

Claims  1. New spacer of the steel reinforcement of a slab characterized by allowing to fix a metallic element of the reinforcement (1 1) to the spacer (1) at the same time that the spacer is anchored to the formwork board, it has three legs for its support in this, where one of them (3) has a through opening (4) in its longitudinal direction, on the legs emerges the body of the spacer which has a vertical through opening centered on its body (5) and a second concentric positioned to that practiced in the leg (3), in order to accommodate the metal element of the armor, the body has a recess substantially parallel to the floor whose opening leaves the area of the openings (4) of the leg and body of the spacer free, cooperating with the spacer (1) it presents a fixing element with a convention to which it is introduced into the opening of the spacer coinciding with the leg and through it, blocking the recess and the exit of the reinforcement. ura retaining its end in the formwork.  2. New spacer of the steel reinforcement of a floor according to claim 1 characterized in that the fixing element is constituted by a nail (6) preferably plastic, whose diameter will be substantially smaller than the aligned openings (4) of the body and of the defined leg with a tip and a head; when placed in said opening and nailed to the formwork board, it retains the armor as well as the spacer.  3. New spacer of the steel reinforcements of a floor according to claim 1 and 2 characterized by presenting its fixing element (6) a notch (9) close to its tip and the base of the floor to facilitate breakage by this decoupling operation area  4. New spacer of the steel reinforcement of a floor according to claim 1, characterized by presenting its legs rounding in the area of contact with the formwork minimizing its surface. 5. New spacer of the steel reinforcement of a floor according to claim 1 characterized by providing its fixing means consisting of a nail (13) composed of a cylindrical portion (14) made of plastic material from which a laminar body metallic (15) that is inserted between the formwork plates and that is allowed by its rigidity to be folded fixing the assembly. 6. New spacer of the steel reinforcements of a slab according to claim 1 characterized in that it is the fixing means formed by the bundle (16) introduced through the matching openings of distance and leg, as well as introduced between the formwork plates it allows its fixing by conventional means such as a twisting of the latter with a pin (17).  7. New spacer of the steel reinforcement of a slab according to claim 1 characterized in that it is the fixing means formed by the tying by means of a conventional flange that is introduced through the matching spacer and leg openings, as well as introduced between the Formwork plates allow fixing by conventional means such as tensioning of the rack / ratchet assembly.