WO2019138999A1 - Display controller, storage device, storage device recovery method, and non-temporary storage medium storing recovery program for display controller - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To shorten the time required to recover redundancy in a RAID after the occurrence of a storage device malfunction, when a plurality of storage devices constitute a plurality of types of RAID. [Solution] The present invention comprises: a partial mirroring means that mirrors a prescribed block in each storage device constituting a plurality of types of RAIDs, mirroring same in a spare storage device; and a reconstruction means that, when any of the storage devices has malfunctioned, reconstructs in the spare storage device a block that the spare storage device does not have in the storage device that had the malfunction and recovers redundancy by replacing the malfunctioning storage device with the spare storage device.

Description

Disk array controller, storage device, recovery method for storage device, and non-temporary storage medium storing recovery program for disk array controller

The present invention relates to a technology for recovering redundancy in RAID when a storage device constituting a RAID (Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks) fails.

When a part of disks (physical disks) constituting a logical disk (RAID) having redundancy such as RAID1, RAID5, RAID6 fail, RAID is degenerated (loss of redundancy or redundancy is reduced). At this time, in the hot spare disk mounted in advance, the same data as the data held by the failed disk may be reconfigured (rebuilt), and the RAID may be restored to a non-degenerate state.

In recent years, with the increase in disk capacity, the time required for rebuilding has increased. Therefore, the time during which RAID is in a degeneracy state, and the increase in performance reduction time during rebuilding have become problems.

Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a technology for reducing the time required for rebuilding. The storage system of Patent Document 1 includes a storage control device, a plurality of storage devices constituting one RLU (RAID Logical Unit), and a spare storage device. The storage control device includes a rebuild control unit and an access processing unit. The rebuild control unit divides the rebuilding process into partial processes, and instructs the access processing unit to execute partial processes. In the rebuild process, the same data as the data recorded in a storage device configuring the RLU is generated based on the data read from the remaining storage devices configuring the RLU, and is used as a spare storage device. It is a process to write. The partial process includes a combination of a process of reading data from a divided area obtained by dividing a data read target area by a fixed size and a process of writing data in another storage device based on the data read from the divided area. The access control unit executes the instructed partial processes P1 and P2 in parallel according to the execution instruction of the plurality of partial processes P1 and P2 received from the rebuild control unit. As a result of the above configuration, the storage system of Patent Document 1 speeds up the rebuilding process.

In the technique of Patent Document 1, rebuild processing is started after a storage device failure is detected. Therefore, the technique of Patent Document 1 has a problem that the start of rebuilding is slow.

Patent Document 2 discloses an example of a technique for starting a rebuilding process before a storage device failure is detected. The storage system of Patent Document 2 includes a plurality of HDDs (Hard Disk Drives), spare HDDs, and a control unit. The plurality of HDDs configure a RAID according to one type of RAID scheme using parity calculation. The spare HDD stores second data having the same content as the first data stored in any HDD among the data for which redundancy has been secured by RAID. When one of the plurality of HDDs is replaced with a spare HDD, the control unit spares the data stored in the replaced HDD based on the data stored in the other HDD and the spare HDD. Rebuild on the HDD. As a result of the above configuration, when a certain HDD is replaced, the storage system of Patent Document 2 stores, in the spare HDD, the second data having the same content as the first data stored in the replaced HDD. There is.

JP, 2013-054407, A JP 2012-185575 A

In the storage system of Patent Document 2, a plurality of HDDs configure RAID according to one type of RAID method (either RAID 5 or RAID 6).

In a general storage system, one of a plurality of RAID methods (such as RAID 1 and RAID 5, RAID 1 and / or RAID 6) should be individually applied to each group of HDDs according to the type of data to be held, etc. There is.

However, in the storage system of Patent Document 2, when a plurality of HDDs form a RAID according to a plurality of types of RAID systems, redundancy in all types of RAID systems (such as RAID 1) can not be restored. There is a problem of

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in the case where a plurality of storage devices constitute a plurality of types of RAID, the time required for restoration of redundancy in the RAID after occurrence of a failure of the storage device. The main purpose is to shorten the

In one aspect of the present invention, the disk array controller is configured to use a partial mirroring unit configured to mirror a predetermined block in each of all the storage devices configuring a plurality of types of RAID to a spare storage device, or when any of the storage devices fails. And reconfiguring means for reconfiguring in the spare storage device a block not held by the spare storage device in the failed storage device and replacing the failed storage device with the spare storage device to restore redundancy. Prepare.

In one aspect of the present invention, a storage apparatus comprises: a plurality of storage devices constituting a plurality of types of RAID; a spare storage device; and partial mirroring means for mirroring predetermined blocks in all the storage devices to the spare storage device And reconfiguring in the spare storage device a block not held by the spare storage device in the failed storage device when any of the storage devices fails, and replacing the failed storage device with the spare storage device. And a disk array controller including reconstruction means for restoring redundancy.

In one aspect of the present invention, a method of recovering a storage device is a method of recovering a storage device comprising a plurality of storage devices constituting a plurality of types of RAID and a spare storage device. While mirroring a predetermined block to a spare storage device, if any of the storage devices fail, a block not retained by the spare storage device in the failed storage device is reconfigured in the spare storage device, and the failure The redundancy is restored by replacing the generated storage with spare storage.

In one aspect of the present invention, a recovery program of a disk array controller or a non-temporary storage medium storing the recovery program is connected to a plurality of storage devices constituting a plurality of types of RAID and a spare storage device. Partial mirroring processing of mirroring a predetermined block in each of all the storage devices constituting a plurality of types of RAID to a spare storage device in a computer provided in the disk array controller, and a failure in any of the storage devices. Reconfigure blocks in the spare storage device that are not held by the spare storage device in the storage device where the error occurred in the spare storage device, and execute a reconfiguration process that restores redundancy by replacing the failed storage device with the spare storage device. .

According to the present invention, when a plurality of storage devices constitute a plurality of types of RAID, there is an effect that it is possible to shorten the time required from the occurrence of storage device failure to recovery of redundancy in the RAID.

It is a block diagram showing an example of composition of a storage device in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the storage apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the operation example of the storage apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining another operation example of the storage apparatus in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the hardware constitutions which can implement | achieve the storage apparatus in each embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In all the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be appropriately omitted.
First Embodiment
The configuration in the present embodiment will be described.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a storage apparatus according to the first embodiment of this invention. FIG. 1 illustrates an example in which the storage device D1 and the storage device D2 configure a RAID according to the RAID1 method, and the storage device D3, the storage device D4, and the storage device D5 configure a RAID according to the RAID5 method. Here, A1, A2, A3, ... indicate blocks (data in) a certain series of data, B1, B2, B3, ... indicate blocks in another series of data To indicate). Also, it is assumed that PB12 is a block including parity data calculated from block B1 and block B2. That is, one remaining block can be calculated from any two blocks among the block B1, the block B2, and the block PB12. The blocks PB34, PB56,... Are similar to the block PB12. Further, the RAID method in the present embodiment, the number of storage devices configuring each RAID, and the like are not limited to this example.

The storage apparatus 100 in the present embodiment includes a plurality of storage devices 140, a spare storage device 150, and a disk array controller 110.

The plurality of storage devices 140 configure a plurality of types of RAID. Each storage device 140 is, for example, an HDD, a solid state drive (SSD), or a non-volatile memory.

The spare storage device 150 mirrors a predetermined partial block for each storage device 140. The spare storage device 150 is, for example, an HDD, an SSD, or a non-volatile memory.

The disk array controller 110 controls each storage device 140 according to any of a plurality of types of RAID schemes. The disk array controller 110 includes a partial mirroring unit 120 and a reconfiguration unit 130. Here, the plurality of types of RAID schemes are, for example, RAID 1 and RAID 5, or RAID 1 and RAID 6. Here, when RAID 6 is used instead of RAID 5, a storage device 140 configuring RAID may be added.

The partial mirroring unit 120 mirrors predetermined blocks in all the storage devices 140 to the spare storage device 150. In FIG. 1, the spare storage device 150 includes the block A1 of the storage device D1, the block A2 of the storage device D2, the block PB56 of the storage device D3, the block B8 of the storage device D4, and the block B0 of the storage device D5. It is mirrored to the spare storage device 150.

The reconfiguration unit 130 reconfigures, in the spare storage device 150, blocks not held by the spare storage device 150 in the storage device 140 in which the failure has occurred when any of the storage devices 140 has failed. Then, the reconfiguration unit 130 restores redundancy by replacing the storage device 140 in which the failure has occurred with the spare storage device 150.

The operation in this embodiment will be described.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the storage device in the first embodiment of the present invention.

First, the storage apparatus 100 mirrors a predetermined block in each of all the storage devices 140 configuring a plurality of types of RAID in the spare storage device 150 (step S110). Here, it is assumed that at least one predetermined block is selected in each of the storage devices 140 configuring a plurality of types of RAID. The total size of the blocks selected in each storage device 140 is preferably set so as to equalize the time required for reconfiguration of the storage device 140 in which a failure has occurred (described later in step S130).

Next, the storage device 100 detects whether any one of the storage devices 140 has failed (step S120). Here, a failure of the storage device 140 is detected using, for example, Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.).

If none of the storage devices 140 fails (step S120: No), the storage device 100 returns the process to step S110.

Subsequently, if any of the storage devices 140 fails (step S120: Yes), the storage device 100 stores the blocks not held by the spare storage device 150 in the storage device 140 in which the failure occurred in the spare storage device 150. At step S130.

Subsequently, the storage device 100 restores redundancy by replacing the storage device 140 in which the failure has occurred with the spare storage device 150 (step S140).

An operation example in the present embodiment will be described.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an operation example of the storage device in the first embodiment of the present invention.

Before a failure occurs, the blocks A1, A2, PB 56, B8, B0 of the storage devices D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 are respectively mirrored in the spare storage devices (FIG. 1). At some point in time, the storage device D5 breaks down.

At this time, the storage device 100 starts reconfiguration (rebuild) of the storage device D5 in the spare storage device 150. However, since block B0 is already mirrored, data is rebuilt based on the data held by storage device D3 and storage device D4 for the data of PB12, B4, B6, PB78, ... in storage device D5. . As a result, the time required for rebuilding is reduced by the time required for rebuilding the block B0 that has been mirrored in the spare storage device 150.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining another operation example of the storage apparatus in the first embodiment of the present invention.

Before a failure occurs, the blocks A1, A2, PB 56, B8, B0 of the storage devices D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 are respectively mirrored in the spare storage devices (FIG. 1). At some point in time, the storage device D2 fails.

At this time, the storage device 100 starts rebuilding of the storage device D2 in the spare storage device 150. However, since the blocks A1 and A2 are already mirrored, the blocks are rebuilt based on the data held by the storage device D1 for A3, A4, A5,... In the storage device D2. As a result, the time required for rebuilding is reduced by the time required for rebuilding the blocks A1 and A2 that have been mirrored in the spare storage device 150.

As described above, the storage apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment mirrors, to the spare storage apparatus 150, a predetermined partial block for each storage apparatus 140 with respect to all of the storage apparatuses 140 configuring a plurality of types of RAID. Then, when any of the storage devices 140 fails, the storage device 100 reconfigures, in the spare storage device 150, blocks not held by the spare storage device 150 in the storage device 140 in which the failure has occurred. Then, the storage device 100 restores redundancy by replacing the storage device 140 in which the failure has occurred with the spare storage device 150. Therefore, in the storage apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, when a plurality of storage devices constitute a plurality of types of RAID, it is possible to shorten the time required for the redundancy in the RAID to be restored after occurrence of a failure of the storage device. It has the effect of

In particular, the sum of the total size of the predetermined blocks mirrored from the storage device D1 or D2 to the spare storage device 150, and the predetermined blocks mirrored from the storage devices D3, D4, D5,. In the case where the total size is equalized, there is an effect that the time required from restoration of a certain storage device 140 to restoration of redundancy in RAID is equalized.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration that can realize the storage apparatus according to each embodiment of the present invention.

The storage device 907 includes a storage device 902, a central processing unit (CPU) 903, a keyboard 904, a monitor 905, and an input / output (I / O) device 908, which are connected by an internal bus 906. There is. The storage device 902 stores an operation program of the CPU 903 such as the partial mirroring unit 120 and the reconfiguration unit 130. The CPU 903 controls the entire storage device 907, executes an operation program stored in the storage device 902, and executes programs such as the partial mirroring unit 120 and the reconfiguration unit 130 by the I / O device 908 and transmits / receives data. Do. The internal configuration of the storage device 907 described above is an example. The storage device 907 may have a device configuration in which a keyboard 904 and a monitor 905 are connected as necessary.

Although the storage device 907 in each embodiment of the present invention described above may be realized by a dedicated device, a computer (an information processing device other than the operation of hardware in which the I / O device 908 executes communication with the outside) It can also be realized by In each embodiment of the present invention, the I / O device 908 is, for example, an input / output unit with the storage device 140, the spare storage device 150, and the like. In this case, the computer reads the software program stored in the storage device 902 to the CPU 903 and causes the CPU 903 to execute the read software program. In the case of each of the above-described embodiments, the software program may be described so as to realize the functions of the storage device 907 or the respective units of the storage device 907 shown in FIG. 1 described above. However, it is also assumed that these parts include hardware as appropriate. And, in such a case, such software program (computer program) can be understood to constitute the present invention. Furthermore, a computer readable storage medium storing such a software program can be considered to constitute the present invention.

The present invention has been described above exemplarily by the above-described embodiments and the modifications thereof. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the above-described embodiments and the modifications thereof. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be made to such embodiments. In such a case, new embodiments added with such changes or improvements can also be included in the technical scope of the present invention. And this is clear from the matter described in the claim.

This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-002031 filed on Jan. 10, 2018, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein.

The present invention can be used in applications that reduce the recovery time when a storage device constituting a RAID fails.

100 Storage device 110 Disk array controller 120 Partial mirroring unit 130 Reconfiguration unit 140 Storage device 150 Spare storage device 902 Storage device 903 CPU
904 keyboard 905 monitor 906 internal bus 907 storage device 908 I / O device

Claims (7)

Partial mirroring means for mirroring a predetermined block in each of all the storage devices constituting a plurality of types of RAID to a spare storage device;
When any one of the storage devices fails, a block not held by the spare storage device in the failed storage device is reconfigured in the spare storage device, and the failed storage device is replaced by the spare device. A disk array controller comprising: reconfiguration means for recovering redundancy by replacing storage devices. The sum of the total size of the predetermined blocks in all the storage devices constituting RAID 1 and the total size of the predetermined blocks in each of the storage devices constituting either RAID 5 or RAID 6 are equalized. The disk array controller according to 1. A disk array controller according to claim 1 or 2;
The storage device;
The spare storage device;
Storage device. A plurality of storage devices constituting a plurality of types of RAID;
A method of recovering a storage device comprising a spare storage device, comprising:
Mirroring a predetermined block in each of all the storage devices to a spare storage device;
When any one of the storage devices fails, a block not held by the spare storage device in the failed storage device is reconfigured in the spare storage device, and the failed storage device is replaced by the spare device. Restore redundancy by replacing it with a storage device,
Storage device recovery method. The sum of the total size of the predetermined blocks in all the storage devices constituting RAID 1 and the total size of the predetermined blocks in each of the storage devices constituting either RAID 5 or RAID 6 are equalized. The storage device recovery method according to 4. A plurality of storage devices constituting a plurality of types of RAID;
A computer provided with a disk array controller connected to a spare storage device;
Partial mirroring processing for mirroring a predetermined block in each of all the storage devices constituting a plurality of types of RAID to a spare storage device;
When any one of the storage devices fails, a block not held by the spare storage device in the failed storage device is reconfigured in the spare storage device, and the failed storage device is replaced by the spare device. A non-transitory storage medium storing a recovery program of a disk array controller that executes a reconfiguration process of recovering redundancy by replacing it with a storage device. The sum of the total size of the predetermined blocks in all the storage devices constituting RAID 1 and the total size of the predetermined blocks in each of the storage devices constituting either RAID 5 or RAID 6 are equalized. A non-transitory storage medium storing the recovery program of the disk array controller according to 6.

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