WO2019131777A1 - ダイヤモンド膜等を形成するためのデバイスおよびその形成方法 - Google Patents
ダイヤモンド膜等を形成するためのデバイスおよびその形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019131777A1 WO2019131777A1 PCT/JP2018/047886 JP2018047886W WO2019131777A1 WO 2019131777 A1 WO2019131777 A1 WO 2019131777A1 JP 2018047886 W JP2018047886 W JP 2018047886W WO 2019131777 A1 WO2019131777 A1 WO 2019131777A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
- C23C16/27—Diamond only
- C23C16/276—Diamond only using plasma jets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/25—Diamond
- C01B32/26—Preparation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
- C23C16/513—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using plasma jets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/04—Diamond
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02524—Group 14 semiconducting materials
- H01L21/02527—Carbon, e.g. diamond-like carbon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/0262—Reduction or decomposition of gaseous compounds, e.g. CVD
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/247—Generating plasma using discharges in liquid media
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D62/00—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers
- H10D62/80—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials
- H10D62/83—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials being Group IV materials, e.g. B-doped Si or undoped Ge
- H10D62/8303—Diamond
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- H10P14/24—
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- H10P14/2905—
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- H10P14/3406—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for forming a diamond film or the like and a method of forming the same.
- the inventors of the present invention noticed that there is still a problem to be overcome when using a device for forming a conventional diamond film, and found the need to take measures therefor. Specifically, the inventors have found that the following problems exist.
- the structure of the forming device becomes complicated and relatively high power and cost are high It is necessary to provide Therefore, the introduction of a DC power supply is desired from the viewpoint of simplifying the structure of the formed device and providing high power at low cost.
- the plasma formed by applying a voltage to the electrodes may be at a very high temperature (when using a high frequency power supply: 4000 K, when using a DC power supply: 7000 K) as compared to using a high frequency power supply 70 '. ⁇ 10000 K).
- the electrode may be excessively heated and the electrode may be melted.
- the target diamond formed on the substrate by the plasma irradiation can not be suitably obtained.
- DC power supplies have the advantage of being able to simplify the structure of the formed device and provide high power at low cost, as described above. Therefore, effective utilization of the DC power supply having such an advantage can be considered.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a diamond forming device capable of suppressing electrode melting which may occur when using a direct current power supply, and a method of forming the same.
- a device for forming at least a diamond film on the surface of a substrate comprising: A container for holding a raw material liquid and placing a substrate in the raw material liquid; An electrode portion comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and for generating plasma in the raw material liquid, A source gas supply unit and a carrier gas supply unit respectively connected to the electrode unit; And a power supply for applying a voltage to the electrode portion;
- a device is provided, wherein the power supply is a direct current power supply, and the electrode unit further includes an additional member, and the additional member is attached to an electrode located in the plasma generation region of the electrode unit.
- a method for forming at least a diamond film on the surface of a substrate comprising Placing a base material in a container and holding the raw material liquid in the container in which the base material is placed; A source gas and a carrier gas are supplied into an electrode portion provided with a positive electrode and a negative electrode and the tip end thereof is positioned in the raw material liquid, and a voltage is applied to the electrode portion using a power source to Generating plasma on the tip side, A method is provided, wherein a DC power supply is used as the power supply, and the addition member is attached to an electrode located in the plasma generation region of the electrode unit, using an additional member as the electrode unit. .
- a diamond film can be suitably formed on the surface of the substrate even when using a DC power source as the power source.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a diamond film forming device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing an electrode portion which is a component of a diamond film forming device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a peripheral member thereof.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing an electrode portion which is a component of a diamond film forming device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a conventional diamond film forming device including a high frequency power source.
- FIG. 5 shows a SEM image of diamond crystals formed on the cemented carbide substrate surface.
- FIG. 6 shows a Raman spectrum of diamond crystals formed on the surface of a cemented carbide substrate.
- FIG. 7 shows a SEM image of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) formed on the surface of a cemented carbide substrate.
- FIG. 8 shows a SEM image of diamond crystals formed on the surface of a Si substrate.
- FIG. 9 shows a Raman spectrum of a diamond crystal formed on the surface of a Si substrate.
- FIG. 10 shows a SEM image of diamond crystals formed on the surface of a Si substrate.
- FIG. 11 shows a Raman spectrum of a diamond crystal formed on the surface of a Si substrate.
- FIG. 12 shows a SEM image of diamond crystals formed on the surface of a Si substrate.
- FIG. 13 shows a Raman spectrum of a diamond crystal formed on the surface of a Si substrate.
- the inventors of the present invention generally use the high frequency power source as the component power source for the person skilled in the art, and using the direct current power source for the person skilled in the art I found it to be uncommon. This matter is based on the following contents.
- a direct current power source is used as a power source, the plasma formed by applying a voltage to the electrode becomes extremely hot as compared with the case where a high frequency power source is used, whereby the electrode may be excessively heated and the electrode may be melted. .
- Such melting of the electrode can inhibit the formation of suitable diamond on the substrate by plasma irradiation.
- DC power supplies have the advantage of being able to simplify the construction of the forming device and to provide high power at low cost.
- the inventors of the present invention have devised the present invention in order to realize the point of attention by paying attention to the effective availability of the DC power supply which is considered to be uncommon to those skilled in the art. That is, the present invention is devised based on the idea of realizing the use of a direct current power supply which is considered to be uncommon to those skilled in the art.
- the use of a DC power supply as a power supply can result in the inhibition of the formation of a suitable diamond. That is, the conventional idea and the idea of "How to realize the use of the DC power supply" are in contradiction to each other. From the above, it can be said that the present invention was newly devised by the present inventors despite the existence of contradictory relationships. In this regard, the invention is of technical significance.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a diamond film forming device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing an electrode portion which is a component of a diamond film forming device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a peripheral member thereof.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing an electrode portion which is a component of a diamond film forming device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a diamond film forming device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following components as shown in FIG. Specifically, the diamond film forming device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the container 10, the electrode unit 40, the raw material gas supply unit 50 and the carrier gas supply unit 60, the power supply 70, the gas cooling unit 80, and the liquid tank. It has 90.
- the container 10 is for holding the raw material liquid 20 and for installing the base material 30 in the raw material liquid 20.
- the raw material liquid 20 may be a liquid having the same composition as the raw material gas 50X from the viewpoint of more suitably providing a carbon source necessary for forming a diamond film described later.
- the material liquid 20 is not limited to this, and may be made of water from the viewpoint of cooling only the tip 40X of the electrode unit 40 positioned in the raw material liquid 20.
- the base material 30 is a member serving as a base for forming a diamond film described later on the surface (upper surface) of the base material 30, and is made of cemented carbide, silicon or the like.
- the cemented carbide as referred to herein is obtained by mixing and sintering, for example, tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt (Co) functioning as a binder. Titanium carbide (TiC) or the like may be added from the viewpoint of further improving the material properties.
- the electrode unit 40 includes a positive electrode 41 and a negative electrode 42, and is for generating plasma P in the raw material liquid 20 in a state where a voltage is applied.
- the constituent material of the positive electrode 41 may be a Cu-based material, and the constituent material of the negative electrode 42 may be a W-based material.
- the electrode unit 40 for generating the plasma P in the raw material liquid 20 is configured such that its tip is positioned at least in the raw material liquid 20.
- the positive electrode 41 may have a tubular structure having an internal space region 41X.
- a receiving member for receiving a part of the positive electrode 41 of the cylindrical structure can be further provided.
- the receiving member and the source gas supply unit 50 may be connected via a source gas supply pipe.
- the receiving member and the carrier gas supply unit 60 may be connected via the carrier gas supply pipe.
- the negative electrode 42 may have a rod-like (columnar) structure which can extend in the internal space region 41X of the positive electrode 41.
- the generation region of the plasma P is provided between the positive electrode 41 having a cylindrical structure and the rod-like negative electrode 42 extending in the internal space region 41X of the positive electrode 41.
- the electrode unit 40 and the substrate 30 face each other. It is positioned adjacent to and vertically above the substrate 30.
- the base material 30 is positioned adjacent to the lower side (gravity direction) of the electrode unit 40.
- the distance between the electrode unit 40 and the substrate 30 may be 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, preferably 1.0 mm to 2 mm, from the viewpoint of direct irradiation of the generated plasma P to the substrate 30. .5 mm, more preferably 1.5 mm to 2.0 mm.
- the raw material gas supply unit 50 is connected to the electrode unit 40, and is thereby configured to be able to supply the raw material gas 50X to the electrode unit 40.
- the source gas supply unit 50 corresponds to a pressure vessel for heating and vaporizing a solution serving as a source of source gas.
- the carrier gas supply unit 60 is connected to the electrode unit 40 so that the carrier gas 60X can be supplied to the electrode unit 40.
- the power source 70 is for applying a voltage to the electrode unit 40, and in the present invention, a DC power source 71 is used as the power source 70.
- a plasma state is formed based on each gas. Specifically, when each gas is supplied into the electrode unit 40 in a state where a voltage is applied to the electrode unit 40, the molecules of the raw material gas 50X and the molecules of the carrier gas 60X are ionized between the electrodes and ions and electrons It becomes exercise state divided. Plasma P is generated in such a motion state.
- helium gas, neon gas, argon gas, nitrogen gas or the like may be used as the carrier gas 60X.
- a liquid containing a carbon source can be used as a solution to be a source of the source gas 50X.
- Step of placing the base material 30 in the container 10 and holding the raw material solution 20 in the container 10 in which the base material 30 is placed The positive electrode 41 and the negative electrode 42 are provided and the tip 40X is positioned in the raw material solution 20 Of supplying the source gas 50X and the carrier gas 60X into the electrode portion 40, and applying a voltage to the electrode portion 40 using the power supply 70 (DC power supply 71), and plasma at the tip 40X side of the electrode portion 40 Process to generate P
- the molecules of the source gas 50X and the molecules of the carrier gas 60X are each interposed between the electrodes. Is ionized, and it becomes a movement state divided into ions and electrons. Plasma P is generated in such a motion state.
- the heat of the plasma P at least takes out the carbon source (C source) in the source gas 50X.
- the plasma P can be directly irradiated to the substrate 30, the surface of the substrate 30 located adjacent to the extracted carbon source vertically below the electrode portion 40 (especially It will be provided to the upper side). Due to the supply of the carbon source to the surface (particularly, the upper surface) side of the substrate 30, the diamond film can be formed on the substrate 30.
- a combination of, for example, methanol (90% by volume or more) and ethanol (10% by volume or less) is used as a liquid containing a carbon source.
- the liquid containing the carbon source may contain water.
- a base material made of cemented carbide as the base material 30
- a major part of the main surface of the base material 30 is formed with a diamond film derived from a carbon source. It has been newly discovered that fibrous carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are also formed on a main surface of the material 30 in part.
- the carbon nanotubes can be synthesized using Co particles as a catalyst.
- the cemented carbide contains Co as a binder. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention dissolve and particleize Co from the base material 30 at the time of the irradiation of the plasma P to the base material 30, and use carbon from the carbon source of the raw material gas 50X taken out by the plasma P with the Co as a catalyst ( It is understood that CNT) was formed.
- the first plasma based on the carrier gas 60X and the second plasma based on the source gas 50X are respectively supplied from the generation region of the plasma P to the substrate 30, and the first plasma is supplied prior to the supply of the second plasma. Is preferably supplied to the substrate 30.
- the substrate 30, which is a member to be irradiated be also pre-heated from the viewpoint of suitably forming the obtained diamond film when the plasma P is irradiated to the surface (upper surface) of the substrate 30. ing.
- one of ordinary skill in the art's knowledge is "to heat the substrate using an external heating source”. Based on the common knowledge of those skilled in the art, an aspect without using an external heating source was intensively studied from the viewpoint of "the overall size reduction and configuration simplification of the diamond film etc. forming device 100".
- the inventors of the present invention intentionally form a plasma based on a carrier gas first instead of simultaneously supplying the raw material gas 50X and the carrier gas 60X so far, and form high-temperature heat of the plasma in advance.
- the present embodiment is characterized in terms of the manufacturing process.
- the inventors of the present application have found that the above-mentioned self-discovered "when using the DC power supply 71 as the power supply 70, the electrode can be melted by exposing the electrode portion 40 to plasma P in a very high temperature state". I studied earnestly to overcome the problem. As a result, the inventors of the present invention have devised to make the electrode unit 40 which is a component of the diamond film etc. forming device 100 have a feature. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, an additional member 43 is newly introduced in addition to the positive electrode 41 and the negative electrode 42 as components of the electrode unit 40 exposed to the atmosphere of plasma P in a very high temperature state.
- additional member refers to a member additionally or additionally provided as a component of the electrode portion.
- the additional member 43 is attached to the electrode located in the generation region of the plasma P of the electrode unit 40. That is, it can be said that the additional member 43 is a mounting member 43X additionally attached to the electrode located in the generation region of the plasma P.
- the conventional diamond film forming device there is no technical idea of newly adding an additional member as a component of the electrode portion in addition to the positive electrode and the negative electrode. In this respect, it can be said that the configuration of the diamond film forming device of the present invention is distinctive as compared with the conventional embodiment.
- the additional attachment of the additional member 43 to the electrode located in the generation region of the plasma P means that the electrode located in the generation region of the plasma P is coated on the additional member 43. That is, the additional member 43 can function as a protective member of the electrode itself located in the generation region of the plasma P by the coating being performed. Thereby, due to the presence of the additional member 43, direct exposure of the electrode located immediately below the additional member 43 to the plasma P can be suitably avoided. Therefore, it becomes possible to preferably suppress the melting of the electrode due to the exposure of the electrode unit 40 to the plasma P in a very high temperature state due to the avoidance.
- the additional member 43 can function as the electrode melting prevention member 43Y.
- the “melting prevention member of an electrode” as used in this specification refers to the member for preventing melting of the electrode which is a component of an electrode part.
- the conventional diamond film forming device there is no technical idea to further introduce a melting prevention member of the electrode as a component of the electrode portion.
- the configuration of the diamond film-forming device of the present invention is distinctive as compared with the conventional embodiment.
- the "impurity supply source member” as used in this specification refers to the member which can become a source which supplies an impurity to the surface side of a base material. Since the generated plasma P can be directly irradiated to the base material 30, impurities derived from the carbon source and the component material of the additional member 43 taken out due to it are provided on the surface (particularly the upper surface) side of the base material 30. The Rukoto.
- the impurity derived from the carbon source and the component material of the additional member 43 taken out due to it can be The surface side of the material 30 . That is, in the present invention, not only the carbon source that can directly contribute to the formation of the diamond film, but also the impurities derived from the constituent material of the additional member 43 are supplied to the base 30 side at the same timing. This can form a film based on the fact that the carbon source and the impurities can be supplied at the same timing on the base material 30 without providing the conventional process of separately adding a small amount of impurities to the diamond film. Means to be.
- the physical properties of the obtained diamond film can be changed by providing the impurities at the same timing as the carbon source without providing the conventional process of separately adding a small amount of impurities to the diamond film separately. is there. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to finally form a diamond semiconductor having semiconductor characteristics without providing a step of separately adding a small amount of impurities to the diamond film.
- the impurities required to form a suitable semiconductor can also be referred to as "dopant".
- dopant phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, boron, gallium or the like which can be a semiconductor dopant as a constituent material contained in the additional member 43.
- said additional member 43 takes the following aspect.
- the additional member 43 is preferably disposed on the tip 40X side of the electrode unit 40.
- the additional member 43 is preferably disposed on the tip 40X side of the electrode portion 40.
- the tip 40X of the electrode unit 40 is covered. Therefore, the additional member 43 can function as a protective member of the tip 40X itself of the electrode unit 40 located in the generation region of the plasma P.
- direct exposure of the tip 40X of the electrode portion 40 located directly below the additional member 43 to the plasma P can be suitably avoided due to the presence of the additional member 43. Therefore, it becomes possible to preferably suppress melting of the tip 40X of the electrode section 40 due to the exposure of the tip 40X of the electrode section 40 where the plasma P in a very high temperature state may be relatively large due to the avoidance. .
- the plasma P can be generated relatively relatively at the tip 40X side of the electrode portion 40, when the additional member 43 is disposed at the tip 40X side, the tip of the electrode 40 is covered due to the heat of the plasma P. A part of the addition member 43 may melt. When the partial melting of the additional member 43 occurs, as described above, impurities resulting from the material of the additional member 43 may occur. Since the generated plasma P can be directly irradiated to the base material 30, impurities resulting from the constituent material of the additional member 43 can also be provided on the surface side of the base material 30 in addition to the carbon source. As a result, finally, the presence of the impurity at the same timing as the carbon source may possibly form a diamond semiconductor having semiconductor characteristics.
- the additional member 43 be positioned on the surface of the positive electrode 41 located in the generation region of the plasma P.
- the melting point and the boiling point of the constituent elements of one electrode may be different from that of the other electrode It is a matter recognized in the art by those skilled in the art.
- the melting point and boiling point of the constituent elements of one electrode may be smaller than that of the other electrode. In this case, when both electrodes are directly exposed to plasma P, the melting point and the boiling point of the constituent elements of one electrode are lower than that of the constituent material of the other electrode. It can be melted and / or vaporized in comparison.
- the metal element Cu contained in the Cu-based material is a W-based material.
- the melting point and the boiling point are lower than that of the metal element W contained in the material. Specifically, the melting point of Cu is 1085 ° C., and the boiling point of Cu is 2562 ° C. On the other hand, the melting point of W is 3422 ° C., and the boiling point of W is 5555 ° C.
- the positive electrode 41 in which the Cu-based material may be used has a lower melting point and boiling point than the negative electrode 42 in which the W-based material may be used. It can be said that it is easy to melt and / or vaporize.
- the additional member 43 be positioned on the surface of the positive electrode 41 located in the plasma P generation region.
- the positive electrode 41 may be used a Cu-based material that is easily melted and / or vaporized right below the additional member 43. It is possible to preferably avoid direct exposure to the plasma P.
- the additional member 43 when the additional member 43 is provided on the surface of the electrode having a lower melting point and boiling point of the constituent elements, for example, the surface of the positive electrode 41, the following technical effects may also be exhibited. That is, due to the presence of the additional member 43, melting of the positive electrode 41 itself located immediately below the additional member 43 can be avoided. Therefore, it is possible to preferably avoid that the melt caused by the positive electrode 41 is provided in the plasma P. Therefore, it can be avoided that the melt caused by the positive electrode 41 can function as an impurity to the substrate 30 side. On the other hand, since the additional member 43 is directly exposed to the plasma P, it is conceivable that part of the additional member 43 may be melted due to the nature of its constituent material.
- the melt resulting from the additional member 43 can be provided in the plasma P.
- the melt caused by the additional member 43 can function as an impurity to the substrate 30 side. Therefore, in addition to the carbon source based on the raw material gas 50X in the presence of the plasma P, the impurities resulting from the constituent material of the additional member 43 are also provided to the surface side of the substrate 30 at the same timing, whereby the diamond semiconductor having semiconductor characteristics May be offered.
- the additional member 43 of the tubular structure is formed at the end of the inner wall surface that forms the internal space area of the positive electrode 41 having a tubular structure. It will be provided.
- the plasma P generated on the tip side of the electrode unit 40 is very high temperature, as the number of times of generation of the plasma P increases, the positive electrode 41, the negative electrode 42 and the addition that are components of the electrode unit 40 are added. There is a possibility that the resistance to the plasma P of the member 43 can not be suitably maintained. Therefore, it is desirable to adopt a structure that can sequentially supply the positive electrode 41, the negative electrode 42, and / or the additional member 43, which are the components.
- a receiving member having a function of receiving a part of the positive electrode 41 having a cylindrical structure is disposed from the receiving member side to the side where the positive electrode 41 is provided (ie, from the upper side to the lower side)
- the additional member 43 may adopt the following aspect.
- the addition member 43 may be an alloy member including the constituent material of the positive electrode 41 and the constituent material of the negative electrode 42.
- the additional member 43 functions at least as a protective member of the electrode located in the generation region of the plasma P
- its constituent material is not particularly limited.
- the constituent material of the additional member 43 may be an alloy material including the constituent material of the positive electrode 41 and the constituent material of the negative electrode 42. That is, the additional member 43 may be an alloy member including the constituent material of the positive electrode 41 and the constituent material of the negative electrode 42.
- the melting point and the boiling point of the constituent elements of the positive electrode are different from those of the negative electrode.
- the melting point and the boiling point of the alloy part comprising the constituent materials of the positive electrode 41 and the negative electrode 42 are generally It is known that the melting point and the boiling point tend to be lower than the electrode on the higher side (for example, the negative electrode side composed of W). Based on this tendency, in the atmosphere of high temperature plasma P, the alloy member as the additional member 43 protects the positive electrode 41 as described above, and melting of the positive electrode 41 itself can be avoided.
- the alloy member and the negative electrode 42 are directly exposed to the plasma P.
- the alloy member melts more than the negative electrode 42 having the higher melting point and boiling point, while the negative electrode 42 is harder to melt than the alloy member or can not melt in the first place.
- the melt caused by the positive electrode 41 is supplied into the plasma P, whereby the melting caused by the positive electrode 41 It can be avoided that an object can function as an impurity to the substrate 30 side.
- the alloy member directly exposed to the plasma P may melt a part of the additional member 43 due to the property thereof, the molten material resulting from the additional member 43 is provided in the plasma P, whereby the molten material Can function as impurities to the substrate 30 side.
- the negative electrode 42 is difficult to melt or can not melt originally, the melt caused by the negative electrode 42 is provided in the plasma P, whereby the melt is an impurity to the substrate 30 side.
- the probability of being able to function as is less than that of alloy members. From the above, in addition to the carbon source based on the raw material gas 50X in the presence of the plasma P, the impurities resulting from the constituent material of the additional member 43 are also provided to the surface side of the substrate 30 at the same timing, There is a possibility of providing a diamond semiconductor having.
- the alloy member as the additional member is made of a Cu—W-based material.
- the alloy member directly exposed to plasma P has a melting point and a boiling point higher than that of Cu having a low melting point and a boiling point in metal element ratio. It is more preferable to include relatively many. This means that in order to suitably obtain the semiconductor, it is preferable that the impurities (corresponding to the melt due to the alloy members) be provided only in small amounts, and it is not preferable that the impurities are provided in large amounts. Based on recognition.
- a diamond film was formed using the following device.
- Example 1 (Configuration of used device for forming diamond film etc. 100)
- Container 10 Consisting of cylindrical quartz glass and stainless steel flange, airtightness is maintained by silicon packing and O-ring.
- the inside of the container 10 is filled with the raw material liquid 20 and the carrier gas 60X (Ar gas).
- Raw material solution 20 Methanol solution (97% by volume) and ethanol solution (3% by volume)
- Base material 30 Cemented carbide base material (dimension 8 mm ⁇ 27 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm, sintered body obtained by mixing tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt (Co) (weight ratio 5: 1))
- Positive electrode 41 component of electrode unit 40
- Cylindrical Cu-based positive electrode inner diameter: 6.0 mm
- Negative electrode 42 component of electrode unit 40
- Cylindrical W-type negative electrode diameter: 2.4 mm
- Additional member 43 component of electrode unit 40
- Raw material gas supply unit 50 Pressure vessel for supplying source gas 50X obtained by heating and evaporating a mixed solution of methanol solution (97% by volume) and ethanol solution (3% by volume) to 170 ° C.
- Carrier gas supply unit 60 Cylinder for supplying argon gas ⁇ Power supply 70: DC power supply (TIG welding machine MT-200WA, manufactured by Mite Kogyo Co., Ltd.) (input current: 10 A) ⁇ Gas cooling unit 80 Liquid tank 90
- Examplementation process (1) First, a cemented carbide substrate (dimension 8 mm ⁇ 27 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm) was placed on the substrate holder in the container 10, and the methanol solution (97 volumes in the container 10 on which the cemented carbide substrate was placed) %) And a mixed solution of ethanol solution (3% by volume) and argon gas. At this time, the tip 40X of the electrode portion 40 is positioned in the mixed solution, and the height is set so that the distance between the cemented carbide substrate and the tip 40X of the electrode portion 40 becomes 1.0 mm using a micrometer. I adjusted it. The airtightness of the container 10 was held by a silicon packing and an O-ring.
- cemented carbide base material its surface is roughly processed with sandpaper for 2 minutes and ultrasonicated with colloidal water (weight ratio of methanol to core diamond powder is 5: 1). For 30 minutes and the surface was washed with methanol.
- argon gas used as the carrier gas 60X is supplied at 5 L / min to the internal space area of the electrode unit 40, and the electrode is generated using a DC power supply (TIG welder MT-200WA, manufactured by Mite Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
- a voltage was applied to the portion 40 to generate plasma P based on argon gas at the arc discharge portion on the tip 40X side of the electrode portion 40.
- the heat treatment of the cemented carbide substrate was performed by plasma jet based on argon gas for 60 seconds to raise the temperature of the substrate.
- the temperature of the cemented carbide substrate after heating by argon gas plasma was 690 to 860 ° C. (use thermometer: infrared thermometer).
- the source gas 50X based on a mixed solution of a methanol solution (97% by volume) and an ethanol solution (3% by volume) is supplied at 5 L / min to the internal space area of the electrode unit 40
- a voltage was applied to the electrode unit 40 using a welding machine MT-200WA (manufactured by Mite Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to generate plasma P based on the source gas 50X in the arc discharge unit on the tip 40X side of the electrode unit 40 .
- the formed plasma P was applied to the cemented carbide substrate for a total of 260 seconds to perform film formation on the substrate for 200 seconds.
- film-forming was not complete
- the film formation behavior was observed when the current output from the DC power supply was 12 A and the voltage was between 19.8 and 24.0 v.
- FIG. 5 SEM image of cemented carbide substrate surface
- precipitation of diamond crystals was confirmed. Irregularities were observed in a wide range on the surface of the diamond crystal.
- FIG. 6 Man spectra of the cemented carbide substrate surface: the vertical axis Intensity [count], the horizontal axis Raman Shift [cm -1]) as shown in, due to the sp 3 bonds the diamond near 1332 cm -1 Sharp peaks were observed.
- the crystal is a unique one in which a single crystal of polyhedral structure as a whole is grown helically (growing while generating screw dislocations) (5000 times the surface of the cemented carbide base material in the lower right of FIG. 5). See SEM image).
- a fibrous composite considered to be a carbon nanotube (CNT) was confirmed at another point on the surface of the cemented carbide substrate.
- CNTs carbon nanotubes
- the cemented carbide base material used as the base material 30 contains Co. Therefore, when the plasma P is irradiated to the cemented carbide base material, Co dissolves and particles are formed from the cemented carbide base material, and carbon nanotubes (CNT) from the carbon source of the raw material gas 50X taken out by the plasma P using the Co as a catalyst. It is understood that was formed.
- Example 2 (Configuration of used diamond film forming device 100) Unlike Example 1, the following Si substrate was used as the base material 30. The other components are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore, the description of the same parts will be omitted.
- Base material 30 Si base material (dimension 8mm x 27mm x 0.5mm)
- the process is substantially the same as the process performed in the first embodiment except that a Si substrate is used as the base material 30, and thus the description will be omitted for the portions where the description is duplicated.
- the Si substrate (dimension 8 mm ⁇ 27 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm) is placed on the substrate holder in the container 10, and the methanol solution (97% by volume) and ethanol in the container 10 on which the Si substrate is placed It is filled with a mixed solution of solution (3% by volume) and argon gas, and at this time, the tip 40X of the electrode unit 40 is positioned in the mixture solution, and the Si substrate and the tip 40X of the electrode unit 40 are The height was adjusted so that the distance between them was 1.5 mm. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, the pretreatment of the Si substrate was performed.
- a plasma P was generated based on argon gas, and the Si substrate was heated for 60 seconds with an argon gas-based plasma jet to raise the temperature of the substrate.
- the temperature of the Si substrate after heating by argon gas plasma was 680 to 750.degree.
- the source gas 50X based on a mixed solution of methanol solution (97% by volume) and ethanol solution (3% by volume) is supplied at 5 L / min to the internal space area of the electrode unit 40, using a DC power supply
- plasma P was generated based on the source gas 50X.
- the film formation step on the base was performed for 300 seconds by irradiating the generated plasma P to the Si base for 360 seconds.
- film-forming was not complete
- the film forming behavior is that when the current output from the DC power supply is 12 A and the voltage is between 24.4 and 28.9 v (average voltage: 26.7 v, average output: 319.8 W) It was seen.
- FIG. 8 SEM image of the surface of the Si substrate
- FIG. 9 Raman Shift [cm -1]
- the single crystal structure has a substantially cubic structure as compared with the normal hexahedral structure or the like. Moreover, it was found that the substantially cubic structure can be more remarkable in the present Example 2 as compared with the case of the above-mentioned Example 1 (use of the cemented carbide base material as the base material 30) (FIG. 5 lower right (See the SEM image of the 5000 ⁇ cemented carbide substrate surface and the SEM image of the 5000 ⁇ Si substrate surface in the lower right of FIG. 8)). That is, in order to obtain a substantially cubic structure of diamond crystals more suitably, it is considered preferable to use a Si base as the base 30 rather than a cemented carbide base.
- Example 3 Since the conditions are substantially the same as those of the second embodiment, the description of the same parts will not be repeated. The differences are as follows. ⁇ The point that the temperature of the Si substrate after heating by argon gas plasma is 710 to 940 ° C. in the execution step (2) ⁇ The film forming step is performed for 134 seconds on the Si substrate in the execution step (4) Point. In addition, in implementation for 134 seconds, film-forming was not complete
- FIG. 10 SEM image of the surface of the Si substrate
- FIG. 11 Raman Shift [cm -1]
- Example 4 Since the conditions are substantially the same as those of the second embodiment, the description of the same parts will not be repeated. The differences are as follows. The point that the temperature of the Si substrate after heating by argon gas plasma is 670 to 740 ° C. in the implementation step (2) The silicon substrate is irradiated with the plasma P generated in the implementation step (4) for 200 seconds Thus, the film formation step on the substrate was carried out.
- the film forming behavior is that the current output from the DC power supply is 22 A (input current 20 A) and the voltage is 19.4 to 23.2 v (average voltage: 21.3 v, average output: 468.6 W) It was seen when it was between.
- the diamond crystal (polycrystal) is formed by stacking a large number of cube-structured single crystals in a brick shape. Therefore, it has been found that the brick-like arrangement can make the overall structure of the polycrystal and the structure of the single crystal have a pseudo (similarity) relationship.
- the polycrystal can be converted to a single crystal by slightly heating the polycrystal to induce atomic diffusion at grain boundaries. It is conceivable that. From the technical common knowledge of those skilled in the art, it is known that polycrystalline semiconductors generally have poor device efficiency, whereas single crystal semiconductors generally have good device efficiency. In view of such circumstances, when the diamond film can function as a diamond semiconductor, single crystal conversion is essential to use the diamond semiconductor as various devices. From the above, "a pseudo (similar) relationship between the structure of a polycrystal and the structure of a single crystal that can enable conversion to a single crystal” uses a diamond film (diamond semiconductor) as various devices. It can be said that it is effective above.
- the electrode member 40 is provided with an alloy member including the constituent material of the positive electrode 41 and the constituent material of the negative electrode 42 as the additional member 43.
- a Cu-W based alloy member metal element ratio: W (84%), Cu (14%), other metals (2%), etc. was provided at the end of the cylindrical Cu-based positive electrode. I use the one.
- the melt caused by the positive electrode 41 is provided in the plasma P.
- the alloy member in some cases, the negative electrode 42
- the alloy member in some cases, the negative electrode 42
- the melt resulting from the constituent material of the alloy member in some cases, the negative electrode 42
- the melting point and the boiling point of W which is the constituent material of the negative electrode 42 are considerably higher than those of Cu which is the constituent material of the positive electrode 41, so it is understood that it is difficult or not to melt in high temperature plasma.
- the possibility that the melt caused by the negative electrode 42 is supplied into the plasma P and thereby the melt can function as an impurity to the substrate 30 is lower than that of the alloy member.
- impurities resulting from the constituent material of the alloy member can be provided to the surface side of the base material 30 at the same timing. By this, there is a possibility that a diamond semiconductor having semiconductor characteristics can be formed.
- the Cu--W based alloy member contains relatively more W having a higher melting point and boiling point than Cu having a low melting point and boiling point in the metal element ratio.
- the impurities it is generally preferable that the impurities be provided only in small amounts, and it is not preferable that the impurities are provided in large amounts. Therefore, the Cu-W based alloy member which is directly exposed to high temperature plasma by containing a relatively large amount of W having a melting point and a boiling point relatively higher than that of Cu having a melting point and a boiling point in a metal element ratio. It is understood that the degree of melting of is relatively small, which makes it possible to reduce the amount of impurities resulting from the material of the alloy member.
- the diamond film obtained can be a diamond semiconductor film.
- the diamond semiconductor film can be used for airplanes, ships, artificial satellites, rockets, etc. due to its nature.
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Abstract
Description
基材の表面上に少なくともダイヤモンド膜を形成するためのデバイスであって、
原料液を保持しかつ該原料液中に基材を設置するための容器と、
正電極および負電極を備え、かつ前記原料液中にてプラズマを発生させるための電極部と、
前記電極部にそれぞれ接続された原料ガス供給部およびキャリアガス供給部と、
前記電極部に電圧を印加するための電源と
を有して成り、
前記電源が直流電源であり、および
前記電極部が付加部材を更に備え、該付加部材が該電極部の前記プラズマの発生領域に位置する電極に取り付けられている、デバイスが提供される。
基材の表面上に少なくともダイヤモンド膜を形成するための方法であって、
容器内に基材を設置し、かつ該基材を設置した該容器内に原料液を保持すること、
正電極および負電極を備えかつ前記原料液中に先端側が位置付けられる電極部内に、原料ガスおよびキャリアガスを供給すること、ならびに
電源を用いて前記電極部に電圧を印加して、該電極部の前記先端側にてプラズマを発生させること
を含み、
前記電源として直流電源を用い、および
前記電極部として付加部材を更に備えるものを用い、該付加部材が該電極部の前記プラズマの発生領域に位置する電極に取り付けられている、方法が提供される。
上述のように、本願発明者らは、従前のダイヤモンド膜形成デバイスでは、その構成要素である電源として高周波電源を用いることが当業者にとって一般的であって、直流電源を用いることは当業者にとって一般的でないことを見出した。かかる事項は下記内容に基づいている。電源として直流電源を用いると、高周波電源を用いる場合と比べて電極に電圧を印加して形成されるプラズマは非常に高温状態となり、それにより電極が過剰に加熱され、電極が溶融する虞がある。かかる電極の溶融は、プラズマ照射による基材上における好適なダイヤモンド形成を阻害し得る。そのため、本願発明者らは、液中にてプラズマを発生するための電源としての直流電源使用回避が当業者の認識であると認識している。この点につき、直流電源には、形成デバイスの構造簡素化および大電力を低コストで供することが可能という利点がある。
以下、図面を参照しつつ本発明の一実施形態に係るダイヤモンド膜形成デバイスの構成を説明する。
上記構成要素を有して成るダイヤモンド膜等形成デバイス100を使用する場合、以下の工程を少なくとも経ることで、基材30の表面上に少なくともダイヤモンド膜を形成し得る。
●容器10内に基材30を設置し、かつ基材30を設置した容器10内に原料液20を保持する工程
●正電極41および負電極42を備えかつ原料液20中に先端40X側が位置付けられる電極部40内に原料ガス50Xおよびキャリアガス60Xを供給する工程、ならびに
●電源70(直流電源71)を用いて電極部40に電圧を印加して、電極部40の先端40X側にてプラズマPを発生させる工程
ここで、本願発明者らは、上述の自ら見出した「電源70として直流電源71を用いる際、非常に高温状態のプラズマPに電極部40が晒されることにより電極が溶融し得る」という技術的課題を克服するために鋭意検討した。その結果、本願発明者らは、ダイヤモンド膜等形成デバイス100の構成要素である電極部40に特徴をもたせることを案出した。具体的には、図2に示すように、非常に高温状態のプラズマPの雰囲気に晒される電極部40の構成要素として、正電極41および負電極42に加え付加部材43を新たに導入する。本明細書でいう「付加部材」とは、電極部の構成要素として付加的に又は追加的に供された部材を指す。なお、図2に示すように、当該付加部材43は、電極部40のプラズマPの発生領域に位置する電極に取り付けられている。すなわち、付加部材43は、プラズマPの発生領域に位置する電極に付加的に取り付けられる取付部材43Xであると言える。これに対して、従来のダイヤモンド膜形成デバイスでは、電極部の構成要素として正電極および負電極に加え付加部材を“敢えて”新たに導入するという技術的思想はそもそも存在しない。この点において、従来態様と比べて、本発明のダイヤモンド膜形成デバイスの構成は特徴的であると言える。
付加部材43がプラズマPの発生領域に位置する電極に付加的に取り付けられる事は、プラズマPの発生領域に位置する電極が付加部材43に被覆されることを意味する。つまり、当該被覆が為されることにより、付加部材43がプラズマPの発生領域に位置する電極その物の保護部材として機能し得る。これにより、付加部材43の存在に起因して、付加部材43の直下に位置する電極がプラズマPに直接晒されることを好適に回避することが可能となる。従って、かかる回避に起因して、非常に高温状態のプラズマPに電極部40が晒されることによる電極の溶融を好適に抑制可能となる。
上記の「非常に高温状態のプラズマPに電極部40が晒されることによる電極溶融の好適な抑制」という技術的効果をふまえると、付加部材43は、電極の溶融防止部材43Yとして機能し得る。なお、本明細書でいう「電極の溶融防止部材」とは電極部の構成要素である電極の溶融を防止するための部材を指す。これに対して、従来のダイヤモンド膜形成デバイスでは、電極部の構成要素として電極の溶融防止部材を“敢えて”更に導入するという技術的思想はそもそも存在しない。この点においても、従来態様と比べて、本発明のダイヤモンド膜形成デバイスの構成は特徴的である。
又、本願発明者らは、電極部40の構成要素として新たに付加部材43を導入した場合、付加部材43自体もプラズマの高温熱雰囲気に晒されるため、付加部材43の一部溶融が生じ得る可能性があると認識している。当該付加部材43の一部溶融が発生すると、それに起因してプラズマPの熱により原料ガス50X内の炭素源(C源)が取り出されることに加えて、付加部材43の構成材料に起因した不純物が生じ得ることが考えられる。この場合、付加部材43は不純物供給源部材43Zとして機能し得る。なお、本明細書でいう「不純物供給源部材」とは、基材の表面側に不純物を供給する起源となり得る部材を指す。発生したプラズマPは基材30へ直接照射可能であるため、それに起因して取り出された炭素源および付加部材43の構成材料に起因した不純物が基材30の表面(特に上面)側に供されることとなる。
(使用したダイヤモンド膜等形成デバイス100の構成)
●容器10:
円筒状の石英ガラスとステンレス鋼フランジから成り、シリコンパッキンとOリングにより気密性が保持されたもの。容器10の内部には原料液20とキャリアガス60X(Arガス)が満たされている。
●原料液20:
メタノール溶液(97体積%)とエタノール溶液(3体積%)
●基材30:
超硬合金基材(寸法8mm×27mm×0.5mm、炭化タングステン(WC)とコバルト(Co)を混合して得られた焼結体(重量比5:1))
●正電極41(電極部40の構成要素):
円筒形のCu系正電極(内径:6.0mm)
●負電極42(電極部40の構成要素):
円柱状のW系負電極(径:2.4mm)
●付加部材43(電極部40の構成要素):
円筒形のCu系正電極の端部に設けられたCu-W系合金部材(金属元素割合:W(84%),Cu(14%),その他金属等(2%))
●原料ガス供給部50:
メタノール溶液(97体積%)とエタノール溶液(3体積%)との混合溶液を170℃まで加熱気化させて得られる原料ガス50Xを供給するための圧力容器
●キャリアガス供給部60:
アルゴンガスを供給するためのボンベ
●電源70:
直流電源(TIG溶接機MT-200WA、マイト工業株式会社製)(投入電流:10A)
●ガス冷却部80
●液タンク90
(1)まず、容器10内の基材ホルダーに超硬合金基材(寸法8mm×27mm×0.5mm)を設置し、かつ超硬合金基材を設置した容器10内をメタノール溶液(97体積%)とエタノール溶液(3体積%)の混合溶液およびアルゴンガスで満たした。この際、電極部40の先端40Xが混合溶液内に位置付けられ、かつマイクロメータを用いて超硬合金基材と電極部40の先端40Xとの間の距離が1.0mmとなるように高さ調節した。容器10の気密性については、シリコンパッキンとOリングにより保持した。又、超硬合金基材の前処理として,サンドペーパーで2分間その表面を粗加工し、コロイド水(メタノールと核となるダイヤモンドパウダーとの重量比が5:1のもの)で超音波研磨処理を30分間行い、メタノールにより表面を洗浄した。
使用機器
得られた成膜の品質に関して以下の機器を用いて分析した。
・走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)(日本電子株式会社製/品名:JSM-6060)
・顕微ラマン分光分析装置(RENISHAW社製/品名:inViaReflex、励起光(150mW)、スポット径:1.4μm、YAGレーザ波長:532nm)
(使用したダイヤモンド膜形成デバイス100の構成)
実施例1と異なり、基材30として以下のSi基板を用いた。その他の構成要素については実施例1と同条件であるため、説明が重複する部分については記載を省略する。
●基材30:
Si基材(寸法8mm×27mm×0.5mm)
基材30としてSi基板を用いたことを除いて、実施例1にて実施した工程と略同一であるため、説明が重複する部分については記載を省略する。
使用機器
得られた成膜の品質に関して、実施例1で用いた際と同じ走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)および顕微ラマン分光分析装置を用いて分析した。
実施例2と略同条件であるため、説明が重複する部分については記載を省略する。なお、異なる点は以下のとおりである。
●実施工程(2)にてアルゴンガスプラズマによる加熱後のSi基材の温度が710~940℃である点
●実施工程(4)にてSi基材上にて成膜形成工程を134秒間実施した点。なお、134秒間の実施では、成膜は終了しておらず成膜途中の状態であった。又、成膜化挙動は、直流電源より出力された電流が12Aであって電圧が16.2~22.4v(平均電圧:19.3v、平均出力:231.6W)の間である場合に見受けられた。
使用機器
得られた成膜の品質に関して、実施例1および実施例2で用いた際と同じ走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)および顕微ラマン分光分析装置用いて分析した。
実施例2と略同条件であるため、説明が重複する部分については記載を省略する。なお、異なる点は以下のとおりである。
●実施工程(2)にてアルゴンガスプラズマによる加熱後のSi基材の温度が670~740℃である点
●実施工程(4)にて発生させたプラズマPをSi基材に200秒間照射することで、当該基材上での成膜形成工程を実施した。又、成膜化挙動は、直流電源より出力された電流が22A(入力電流20A)であって電圧が19.4~23.2v(平均電圧:21.3v、平均出力:468.6W)の間である場合に見受けられた。
使用機器
得られた成膜の品質に関して、実施例1~3で用いた際と同じ走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)および顕微ラマン分光分析装置用いて分析した。
10 容器
20、20’ 原料液
30、30’ 基材
40 電極部
40X 電極部の先端
41 正電極
41X 正電極の内部空間領域
42 負電極
43 付加部材
43X 取付部材
43Y 電極溶融防止部材
43Z 不純物供給源部材
50 原料ガス供給部
50X 原料ガス
60 キャリアガス供給部
60X キャリアガス
70 電源
70’ 高周波電源
71 直流電源
80 ガス冷却部
90 液タンク
P、P’ プラズマ
Claims (23)
- 基材の表面上に少なくともダイヤモンド膜を形成するためのデバイスであって、
原料液を保持しかつ該原料液中に基材を設置するための容器と、
正電極および負電極を備え、かつ前記原料液中にてプラズマを発生させるための電極部と、
前記電極部にそれぞれ接続された原料ガス供給部およびキャリアガス供給部と、
前記電極部に電圧を印加するための電源と
を有して成り、
前記電源が直流電源であり、および
前記電極部が付加部材を更に備え、該付加部材が該電極部の前記プラズマの発生領域に位置する電極に取り付けられている、デバイス。 - 前記付加部材が前記プラズマの発生領域における前記電極の溶融防止部材である、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記付加部材が、前記プラズマの発生領域における不純物供給源部材である、請求項1又は2に記載のデバイス。
- 前記付加部材が、前記プラズマを発生させる前記電極部の先端側に供される、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のデバイス。
- 前記付加部材が、前記プラズマの発生領域に位置する前記正電極の表面に位置付けられる、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のデバイス。
- 前記付加部材が、前記正電極の構成材料および前記負電極の構成材料を含んで成る合金部材である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のデバイス。
- 前記正電極は内部空間領域を有する筒構造を有し、前記負電極は該正電極の該内部空間領域内を延在し、および
前記プラズマの発生領域は、前記正電極と、該正電極の前記内部空間領域内を延在する前記負電極との間に供される、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のデバイス。 - 前記正電極がCu系材料から構成され、前記負電極がW系材料から構成され、および前記付加部材がCu-W系材料から構成される、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のデバイス。
- 前記付加部材は、金属元素割合でCuよりもWを相対的に多く含んで成る、請求項8に記載のデバイス。
- 前記電極部が、該電極部と前記基材とが相互に対向するように前記基材の鉛直上方に位置付けられる、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載のデバイス。
- 基材の表面上に少なくともダイヤモンド膜を形成するための方法であって、
容器内に基材を設置し、かつ該基材を設置した該容器内に原料液を保持すること、
正電極および負電極を備えかつ前記原料液中に先端側が位置付けられる電極部内に、原料ガスおよびキャリアガスを供給すること、ならびに
電源を用いて前記電極部に電圧を印加して、該電極部の前記先端側にてプラズマを発生させること
を含み、
前記電源として直流電源を用い、および
前記電極部として付加部材を更に備えるものを用い、該付加部材が該電極部の前記プラズマの発生領域に位置する電極に取り付けられている、方法。 - 前記付加部材が前記プラズマの発生領域における前記電極の溶融防止部材である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記付加部材が、前記プラズマの発生領域における不純物供給源部材である、請求項11又は12に記載の方法。
- 前記付加部材を、前記プラズマを発生させる前記電極部の前記先端側に供する、請求項11~13のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記付加部材を、前記プラズマの発生領域に位置する前記正電極の表面に位置付ける、請求項11~14のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記付加部材として、前記正電極の構成材料および前記負電極の構成材料を含んで成る合金部材を用いる、請求項11~15のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記正電極としてCu系材料から構成されるものを用い、前記負電極としてW系材料から構成されるものを用い、および前記付加部材としてCu-W系材料から構成されるものを用いる、請求項11~16のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記付加部材として、金属元素割合でCuよりもWを相対的に多く含んで成るものを用いる、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記プラズマの発生領域から前記基材へと、前記キャリアガスに基づく第1プラズマおよび前記原料ガスに基づく第2プラズマをそれぞれ供給し、
前記第2プラズマの供給に先立って、前記第1プラズマを前記基材へと供給する、請求項11~18のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記電極部と前記基材とが相互に対向するように、前記電極部を前記基材の鉛直上方に位置付ける、請求項11~19のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記基材の前記表面上に前記ダイヤモンド膜に加えカーボンナノチューブを更に形成する、請求項11~20のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 基材の表面上に形成されるダイヤモンド膜の単位構成要素である単結晶であって、
前記単結晶が立方体形状を有する、ダイヤモンド膜の単位構成要素である単結晶。 - 基材の表面上に形成されるダイヤモンド膜を構成する多結晶であって、
前記多結晶が、立方体形状を有する単結晶を複数有するれんが状積重体となっており、該れんが状積重体が全体として擬似単結晶構造を成している、ダイヤモンド膜を構成する多結晶。
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| US16/958,415 US12385130B2 (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2018-12-26 | Device for forming diamond film etc. and method therefor |
| JP2023062460A JP2023085501A (ja) | 2017-12-28 | 2023-04-07 | ダイヤモンド膜等を形成するためのデバイスおよびその形成方法 |
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| US20210140039A1 (en) | 2021-05-13 |
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