WO2019112409A1 - Tanque de almacenamiento de agua de alta presión para calentadores solares - Google Patents
Tanque de almacenamiento de agua de alta presión para calentadores solares Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019112409A1 WO2019112409A1 PCT/MX2017/000143 MX2017000143W WO2019112409A1 WO 2019112409 A1 WO2019112409 A1 WO 2019112409A1 MX 2017000143 W MX2017000143 W MX 2017000143W WO 2019112409 A1 WO2019112409 A1 WO 2019112409A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- water
- solar
- solar heater
- nipple
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/90—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/50—Preventing overheating or overpressure
- F24S40/58—Preventing overpressure in working fluid circuits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the field of solar water heaters, more specifically to the development of tank or hot water tanks that support high pressure for the preservation of the temperature of the hot water obtained in the solar heater itself.
- Solar water heaters for human consumption have been known for more than a century, constituting one of the best solutions for heating a liquid in an economical and friendly way with the environment. Consequently, there is a large number of solar heaters in the state of the art which are inefficient in the way of conserving the heat stored in the liquid when the ambient temperature drops.
- Solar water heaters typically consist of two main structural elements; the solar collector that is responsible for capturing the sun's energy and transferring it to the water; The second element is the tank or storage tank for hot water for later distribution.
- Said second element, also called hot water tank consists of an internal tank normally made of metal or some polymeric material, which is thermally insulated, and an outer casing.
- Thermostats are often also the reservoir for the cold water that will be heated, so that the hot water moves to the top of the tank, due to the density gradient created by temperature differences.
- the solar water heaters described in the state of the Technicians have as one of their main problems the efficiency in the preservation of hot water for long periods of time, 12 or more hours, as well as resisting high pressure coming from the hydraulic network. Said problem has been solved through various mechanisms, which range from using black-painted hot water tanks, coating the tank with black plastic films or polyurethane insulating layers or developing more complex coatings, as well as the use of pressure relief valves such as described in the following publications.
- a solar heater where it is possible to heat liquids (such as water), with solar energy, at 40 ° C or more and maintain it at 40 ° C for 20 hours or more, using the concept of storage and heater in the same appliance, the which consists of a plastic tank covered with transparent plastic caps also containing a fluid by spitting with a black metal plate capturing solar radiation, a system of preheating to avoid a thermal short circuit, all thermally insulated.
- liquids such as water
- the application MX / a / 2014/012207, SOLAR HEATER WITH LOW THERMAL LOSSES AND METHODS OF INSTALLATION THEREOF provides a solar heater constituted by a base and an outer cover, the base houses an electrical resistance, a cold liquid inlet pipe and a hot liquid outlet tube.
- the cover houses inside a cylindrical solar absorber formed by an absorption surface that has inside one or more spacers that allow a liquid chamber to exist between the inside of the absorption surface and the outside of a thermo-tank .
- the application MX / a / 2014/005645 SOLAR WATER HEATER SUPPORTING HIGH WORKING PRESSURES WITH DOUBLE INDIRECT HEATING CIRCUIT AND ELECTRICAL AUXILIARY REINFORCEMENT OF HIGH ENERGY EFFICIENCY, refers to a solar water heater that supports high working pressures with double indirect heating circuit and high energy efficiency auxiliary electric reinforcement with a thermally isolated metal tank with thermal insulation of pre-molded hemispheres of low density polystyrene. Designed to work in hydraulic networks at gauge pressure up to 11 kg / cm2, it has an auxiliary electric heating device that limits the maximum temperature range of the water to be consumed to not exceed 600 ° C, taking into account the levels of insolation.
- CN203628819 discloses pressure-supporting solar water heating systems, comprising a water storage unit, a solar heat collection unit, a cold water pipe, a hot water pipe and a controller, where the water storage unit comprises a water reservoir and a heating element disposed in the water reservoir supporting pressure.
- a solar water heating system that supports pressure comprising a water storage unit which comprises a pressure support water tank, a solar heat collection unit, a cold water pipe, a hot water pipe and a controller.
- US4240405 patent provides a solar water heater including a pressure accumulator and a steam release drum;
- US4237862 discloses a closed pressurized solar heating system in which a solar collector is automatically drained of heat transport fluid independently of the valve actuation or valve position.
- the solar heaters of the state of the art pretend to solve preferably to solve the problem of preservation of the temperature of the water or high pressure management from the hydraulic or internal network, consequently it is necessary to have solar radiation collection systems that solve both problems at the same time.
- the present invention is directed to provide a water storage tank for solar heaters with a thermal coating, which also support high pressures of the hydraulic network, as well as the process of manufacturing said hot water tank.
- FIG. 1 This is a bottom view of the tank where T indicates the outer tank.
- the view shows the 3 perforations (a, b, c) that both tanks carry in the lower part.
- FIG. 2 The illustration shows a section of the tank in which we can see the interior, in which "2" indicates the internal tank, "8” indicates the space between both tanks that is covered by the insulating compound (polyurethane foam) .
- the insulating compound polyurethane foam
- Figure 3 a side view of the tank where it shows the first end, in which we can see the first end of the tank where is the nipple that is connected to the cold water pipe that supplies the tank.7 pressure valve
- Figure 4 View front of the tank, observe the 5 connections of the tank (four nipples and one valve), starting with the first end “3" the first nipple that supplies the cold water to the tank.
- "4" second nipple of the tank which supplies the cold water to the solar heater
- "5" third nipple which transports the hot water from the solar heater, to the tank.
- "6” fourth nipple which is connected to the pipe that distributes the hot water.
- 7 pressure valve which is connected directly to the insert placed in that location of the tank.
- Figure 5 Top view of the internal tank that illustrates the position of the pressure valve (7).
- FIG 6 Top view of the internal tank, in which the location of the insert (7) that serves to connect the pressure valve is shown.
- Figure 7 Side view of the inner tank, in the lower part the perforation (8) in which the first insert of the tank is placed can be seen.
- FIG 8 Front view illustrating the shape of the tank and the reliefs (9) in which the hexagonal inserts are placed (d, e, f,)
- Figure 9 Illustration of the internal tank which shows the lower part of the tank and they appreciate the three holes in which the hexagonal inserts (g, h, i, j) are placed for the different connections of the tank.
- Figure 10 Isometric view of the tank, in which the shape of the inner tank can be appreciated.
- Figure 11 Bottom view of the external tank, in which the 3 holes in the lower part corresponding to the location of the internal tank inserts (d, e, f or g, h, i, j) can be observed, as well as allows observing the placement of the inserts that are fixed to the base (k, I, m, n).
- Figure 12 Top view of the tank illustrating the location of the hole (7 ') in which the pressure valve is placed.
- FIG. 13 Front view of the tank that allows us to see the cylindrical shape of it.
- FIG. 14 Front view of the tank lid.
- Figure 16 Side view of the tank in which the location of the perforation (10) of the first end of the tank is observed.
- FIG 17 Illustration of a brass insert with internal thread that serves as a connection to the tank in which the stainless steel nipples are assembled.
- Figure 18 Drawing of stainless steel nipple with external thread on both ends which serve to make the connection of the tank to a hydraulic network.
- Figure 19 is a diagram of the operation of the flat solar water heater system and water container: 1 container or water tank; 2 the cold water goes through the heater pipe; 3 the cold water is concentrated in the lower part of the tubes; 4 in the upper part of the tubes is the hot water; 5 the hot water is stored in the tank at the top; and 6 hot water outlet.
- Figure 20 shows the interior of the flat heater: 1 Input connection; 2 Absorbent plate protection cover that prevents heat loss; 3 output connection; 4 absorber plate: usually a black absorbent chrome coating to maximize the efficiency of heat collection; 5 Insulation: on the bottom and sides of the collector to reduce heat loss; 6 flow tubes; 7 Collector housing made of aluminum alloy or galvanized alembic - fixed and protects the absorber plate.
- Figure 21 shows a section of the flat collector: 1 glass; 2 absorber; 3 Isolation; 4 black sheet; 5 Lifting tube; 6 Head tube; 7 aluminum rails.
- Figure 22 illustrates the shape of the heater head (11)
- Figure 23 shows the plurality of tubes that perceive solar radiation.
- Figure 24 shows the head (12) on which the water is heated, and shows the connection (13) between the entrance of the copper rods of the heater.
- Figure 25 shows in detail the interior of the heat exchanger or head (14) in the upper part of the tube heater.
- the present invention relates to a solar water heater or collector comprising a hot water tank or container or container of water of high pressure.
- the actual heater can be of the flat type or panel composed of a metallic structure, figure 2, in the form of a box which has in the lower part a layer of thermal insulation, followed by a metal sheet painted with a layer of metallic paint (aluminum with sulfur) to absorb the greatest amount of heat, on top of this sheet is dyed a copper pipe containing water, said The pipe is heated and conducts the heat to the water.
- the collector has an inlet and a water outlet. The inlet and outlet are connected to the thermostat, the water inlet goes from the lower part of the tank to the inlet of the head, and the outlet is connected to the upper part of the thermostat, figures 3 and 4.
- the solar heater is made of tubes, which consists of a copper conduit where the water is heated in the pipe by means of copper rods that are in contact with the pipe through which the water constantly passes. These copper rods contain a cooling liquid, these rods are inside a vacuum tube, which filters the solar radiation and transmits the heat to the copper rod, similar to a series of electrical resistances which are heated up to 180 ° C in a tube and heat the water that passes through the tube.
- Figures 6 to 9 show the head and details the connection of the rods to the tube containing the head, said head is composed as follows: there is a tube in the middle of the metal cover that is seen, the space between the tube and the cover is filled with thermal insulation, except for the space where the copper rods that heat it are connected.
- the head has an inlet and a water outlet. The entrance and exit are connected to the thermostat, the water inlet goes from the lower part of the tank to the inlet of the head, and the outlet is connected to the upper part of the thermostat.
- the heating tube is a double-walled tube from which the air is extracted from between both walls and is vacuum sealed, the outer wall of the tube filters the sun's radiation and the inner layer is painted with a metallic paint which absorbs the heat of solar radiation.
- the interior of the heating tube contains a copper rod containing glycol (pe 193 ° C), this coolant maintains the heat of the rod for longer, inside the hot water tank exchanges heat with the water contained therein, the copper rods heat the water contained in the thermo-tank as.
- the hot water is kept in the upper part of the thermo tank due to the density difference due to the temperature.
- the heater has an inlet and a water outlet.
- the inlet and outlet are connected to the tank, the water inlet goes from the bottom of the tank to the inlet of the heater and the outlet is connected to the top of the tank.
- the water storage tank is fed by a pressurized hydraulic network, it stores the hot water by the continuous heating produced by the solar collector, but it does not receive the solar radiation, however, it avoids the heat loss of the water.
- the temperature that can be reached with the glycol-containing tube heater inside the heater allows the water in the hot water tank to reach between 60 ° C and 90 ° C, and withstands pressures of up to 6kg / cm 2 (84 psi). It also provides hot water to the pressurized hydraulic network.
- the tank or water container comprises: an internal tank; Polyurethane foam; an external tank; a plurality of Nipples for connection of STAINLESS STEEL NPT; a plurality of hexagonal screws for base; a plurality of NPT rope brass inserts and a plurality of fine rope Brass inserts; a pressure releasing valve;
- the inner and outer tanks are manufactured by rotomokJeo with a resin selected from the group of polymers comprising polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, nylon and polycarbonate, in all the densities of each of these materials that are useful for manufacturing by rotomolding.
- the resin must have an impact resistance according to its properties 45 Ib / ft 2 being at low temperature -40 ° C according to the procedure of the ARM I (Association of Roto Moldeadores International), with such a thickness and applying the process necessary for the internal and external tank to retain the cylindrical shape without suffering deformations, in addition the internal tank withstands hot water up to a temperature of 90 ° C and pressures of up to 4.5 kg / cm 2 .
- the inner tank is manufactured in one piece by the rotomolding process, has a thickness of approximately 10mm +/- 5mm.
- the hexagonal brass inserts of different sizes are integrated into the plastic tank during its manufacture by rotomolding.
- the internal tank has 5 matching inserts with 5 perforations in the outer tank; in the hexagonal inserts of the inner tank are mechanical joints by means of a thread, in the inserts are placed threaded nipples which pass through the insulation layer and the external tank, these are installation connections that are in different placements, in the first instance, one side of the tank has the first connection, in the lower part there are 3 more connections that we can number from 2 to 4 starting from the end where the first connection is.
- the fifth connection itself is in the upper part of the tank.
- the internal tank has a perforation located on one side of the tank, in said perforation a first hexagonal insert is placed where a first nipple is also placed; in said first nipple it is connected to the pipe that supplies the cold water to the tank.
- a second perforation is at a distance from a first end, in said perforation a second hexagonal insert is placed where a second nipple is also placed; in said nipple a hose is connected which supplies water from the tank to the heater.
- a third perforation is located at a distance from a first end, in said perforation a third hexagonal insert is placed where a third nipple is also placed; in said nipple a hose is connected, which serves for the solar heater to supply the hot water to the tank.
- a fourth perforation at a distance from a first end in said perforation a fourth hexagonal insert is placed where a fourth nipple is also placed; in this nipple the pipe that distributes the hot water is connected; and in the upper part has a fifth perforation at a distance from a first end, in said perforation a fifth hexagonal insert having an internal thread is placed; in said insert connects a valve that regulates the pressure and temperature inside the tank.
- the outer tank is composed of a body and a cover, which are welded to form the outer tank; said body and cover are manufactured in the same rotomolding process, have a thickness of approximately 4mm +/- 0.5mm; said lid is welded to the tank body in a uniform manner and without visible defects.
- the polyurethane foam insulation consists of a mixture of polyol and isocyanate with a high density and better thermal insulation; said foam is between both tanks and has a thickness of approximately 50mm +/- 10mm.
- the manufacturing process of the water tank includes the steps of placing the inserts in a cylindrical mold in the corresponding location and pouring resin selected from the group of polymers that are useful for manufacturing by rotomolding (polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, nylon and polycarbonate, in all the densities of each of these materials) for the manufacture of a first hollow interior tank of cylindrical shape. Once the resin is solidified, the tank is demolded, air is injected inside and all the holes are sealed under pressure to check that the tank does not leak.
- resin selected from the group of polymers that are useful for manufacturing by rotomolding (polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, nylon and polycarbonate, in all the densities of each of these materials) for the manufacture of a first hollow interior tank of cylindrical shape.
- the inserts are placed in a mold in the corresponding location and the selected resin is poured from the group of polymers that are useful for the manufacture by rotomolding (polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, nylon and polycarbonate, in all the densities of each one of them). these materials) for the manufacture of a second hollow outer tank of cylindrical shape.
- the second outer tank is demolded and an end is cut to obtain the body of the external tank and the lid, the burrs are eliminated and the cut is outlined.
- the outer tank lid is then placed and the mixture is allowed to cure, then the lid is welded to the outer tank body with a solder of the same material.
- the water container tank of the present invention offers the advantages of achieving a shorter heat recovery time of the water coming from the solar heater, less loss of heat in the tank, greater durability up to 30 years, more hygienic materials since the tank does not Adhere impurities
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/MX2017/000143 WO2019112409A1 (es) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Tanque de almacenamiento de agua de alta presión para calentadores solares |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/MX2017/000143 WO2019112409A1 (es) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Tanque de almacenamiento de agua de alta presión para calentadores solares |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2019112409A1 true WO2019112409A1 (es) | 2019-06-13 |
Family
ID=66751720
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/MX2017/000143 Ceased WO2019112409A1 (es) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Tanque de almacenamiento de agua de alta presión para calentadores solares |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2019112409A1 (es) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025022170A1 (es) * | 2023-10-16 | 2025-01-30 | Roman Ruiz Jose Maria De Jesus | Calentador solar cuatricapa de conservación térmica optimizada y resistencia mecánica mejorada |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4108160A (en) * | 1977-06-21 | 1978-08-22 | William Anthony Harper | Solar water heating apparatus |
| US4309982A (en) * | 1978-04-11 | 1982-01-12 | Pechiney Ugine Kuhlmann | Process and apparatus for the preparation of hot water from solar energy |
| US4517959A (en) * | 1982-03-10 | 1985-05-21 | S. W. Hart & Co. Pty Ltd. | Jacketed solar hot water system |
| US5931156A (en) * | 1997-11-18 | 1999-08-03 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Integral heat-pipe type solar collector |
| US20060107944A1 (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2006-05-25 | Bourke Brendan V | Protection system for a solar water heating system |
| EP2003404A1 (de) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-12-17 | Paradigma Energie- und Umwelttechnik GmbH und Co. KG. | Wasserspeichervorrichtung zur Erwärmung durch Sonnenenergie |
-
2017
- 2017-12-04 WO PCT/MX2017/000143 patent/WO2019112409A1/es not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4108160A (en) * | 1977-06-21 | 1978-08-22 | William Anthony Harper | Solar water heating apparatus |
| US4309982A (en) * | 1978-04-11 | 1982-01-12 | Pechiney Ugine Kuhlmann | Process and apparatus for the preparation of hot water from solar energy |
| US4517959A (en) * | 1982-03-10 | 1985-05-21 | S. W. Hart & Co. Pty Ltd. | Jacketed solar hot water system |
| US5931156A (en) * | 1997-11-18 | 1999-08-03 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Integral heat-pipe type solar collector |
| US20060107944A1 (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2006-05-25 | Bourke Brendan V | Protection system for a solar water heating system |
| EP2003404A1 (de) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-12-17 | Paradigma Energie- und Umwelttechnik GmbH und Co. KG. | Wasserspeichervorrichtung zur Erwärmung durch Sonnenenergie |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025022170A1 (es) * | 2023-10-16 | 2025-01-30 | Roman Ruiz Jose Maria De Jesus | Calentador solar cuatricapa de conservación térmica optimizada y resistencia mecánica mejorada |
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