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WO2019110899A1 - Machine for additive manufacturing comprising a powder receiving surface movable around the manufacturing area - Google Patents

Machine for additive manufacturing comprising a powder receiving surface movable around the manufacturing area Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019110899A1
WO2019110899A1 PCT/FR2018/053078 FR2018053078W WO2019110899A1 WO 2019110899 A1 WO2019110899 A1 WO 2019110899A1 FR 2018053078 W FR2018053078 W FR 2018053078W WO 2019110899 A1 WO2019110899 A1 WO 2019110899A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
powder
manufacturing
receiving surface
additive manufacturing
machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FR2018/053078
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Cédric Carlavan
Gilles WALRAND
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AddUp SAS
Original Assignee
AddUp SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AddUp SAS filed Critical AddUp SAS
Publication of WO2019110899A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019110899A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B29C64/241—Driving means for rotary motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/70—Recycling
    • B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/22—Driving means
    • B22F12/226—Driving means for rotary motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
    • B22F12/37—Rotatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/53—Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/357—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention lies in the field of powder-based additive manufacturing by melting the grains of this powder using one or more energy or heat sources such as a laser beam and / or a electron beam and / or diodes.
  • the invention lies in the field of additive manufacturing by powder bed deposition and it aims to simplify the layering of the additive manufacturing powder inside an additive manufacturing machine. by deposition of powder bed.
  • the invention aims to optimize the deposition of layers of additive manufacturing powder on a circular manufacturing zone.
  • the application WO2013092757 describes an additive manufacturing machine comprising a device for depositing a powder layer carrying an additive manufacturing powder storage hopper, dosing means, powder distribution means from the hopper to the working plane of the additive manufacturing machine, and means for spreading the powder deposited on the work plane towards the manufacturing zone.
  • the hopper makes it possible to store a quantity of powder that is sufficiently large for carrying out an entire cycle of additive manufacturing.
  • this large amount of powder also represents a large mass embedded at the beginning of the manufacturing cycle, which requires a motorization and guiding means dimensioned accordingly, and therefore more electrical energy consumers, to move the device. deposition in translation sufficiently quickly above the manufacturing zone.
  • the depositing device offers only one direction of work.
  • the application WO2015082677 is also related to an additive manufacturing machine comprising a device for depositing a powder layer carrying a hopper for storing a large quantity of additive manufacturing powder, dosing and dispensing means. powder, and powder spreading means.
  • the deposit device described in the application WO2015082677 proposes a symmetrical configuration of the powder spreading means on either side of the dosing and dispensing means in order to be able to deposit layers of powder in two opposite working directions, from one manufacturing zone to another and without unnecessary journey.
  • the deposition device described in this application WO2015082677 also requires a motorization and guide means sized in relation to its large onboard mass and therefore more electrical energy consumers.
  • grains of powder may inadvertently collect under the deposition device, between the dosing and dispensing means and the spreading means, and these Powder accumulation can disrupt the operation of the dosing and dispensing means or adversely affect the quality of the powder bed produced by the spreading means.
  • the application WO2017108868 discloses a powder deposition device in which the powder supply, distribution and metering means are separated from the means for spreading the powder over the production zone. More specifically, the powder supply and metering means take the form of a powder injector, the powder distribution means take the form of a drawer and the powder spreading means take the form of a squeegee or roller mounted on a carriage moving in translation.
  • the carriage carrying only the powder spreading means, the motorization and the guide means of the carriage are sized for a smaller onboard load, and they are less expensive.
  • the drawers ( s) supply of powder necessarily increase the size of the additive manufacturing machine around the manufacturing area.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the aforementioned devices.
  • the subject of the invention is an additive manufacturing machine by powder bed deposition, this additive manufacturing machine comprising a manufacturing chamber and at least one source of heat or energy used to merge selectively a layer of additive manufacturing powder deposited inside the manufacturing chamber.
  • This additive manufacturing machine comprises inside the manufacturing enclosure: a horizontal worktop and a manufacturing area defined by a manufacturing jacket and a production tray, the jacket extending vertically under the worktop and opening into the work plane, and the manufacturing plate sliding vertically inside the manufacturing sleeve under the effect of an actuator.
  • the additive manufacturing machine also comprises, inside the manufacturing enclosure, a device for depositing a layer of powder on the manufacturing zone delimited by the manufacturing jacket.
  • This deposition device comprises a powder receiving device comprising a powder receiving surface surrounding the manufacturing zone, a powder injection device on the receiving surface, and a powder spreading device deposited on the surface. reception to the manufacturing area.
  • the powder receiving surface is mounted movably around the manufacturing zone and set in motion around the manufacturing zone by an actuator.
  • the receiving surface makes it possible to significantly reduce the bulk of the powder receiving device, and therefore the powder deposition device, inside the enclosure. Manufacturing.
  • the powder deposition device according to the invention requires only one arrival powder, and this arrival of powder may advantageously take the form of a simple injection nozzle mounted fixed inside the manufacturing chamber.
  • the powder deposition device thanks to the mobility and the setting in motion of the receiving surface of the powder receiving device around the manufacturing zone, the powder deposition device according to the invention allows the powder spreading device to work in two opposite working directions, which represents a saving of time and significant electrical energy over the duration of an additive manufacturing cycle. Plus, more powder grains The more additive manufacturing processes are, the more the number of layers of powder deposited during a manufacturing cycle increases, and the more the gains related to two-way work increase.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an additive manufacturing machine according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a view schematic top view of an additive manufacturing machine according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the powder receiving device of the powder deposition device of an additive manufacturing machine according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to an additive manufacturing machine by powder bed deposition.
  • Powder bed deposition additive manufacturing is an additive manufacturing process in which one or more pieces are made by selectively fusing different layers of additive manufacturing powder superimposed on each other.
  • the first layer of powder is deposited on a support such as a plate, then selectively sintered or fused using one or more sources of energy or heat in a first horizontal section of the part or parts to be manufactured.
  • a second layer of powder is deposited on the first layer of powder which has just been fused or sintered, and this second layer of powder is sintered or selectively fused in turn, and so on until the last layer of powder useful in the manufacture of the last horizontal section of the part or parts to be manufactured.
  • the additive manufacturing machine 10 comprises a manufacturing chamber 12 and at least one source 14 of heat or energy used to selectively fuse via one or more beams 16 a layer of additive manufacturing powder deposited inside the manufacturing enclosure 12.
  • the source or sources of heat or energy 14 may take the form of sources capable of producing one or more electron beams and / or one or more laser beams. These sources are for example one or more electron guns and / or one or more light emitting diodes. In order to allow a selective merger and thus a displacement of the energy or heat beam or beams 16, each source 14 comprises means for moving and controlling the beam or beams 16.
  • the manufacturing chamber 12 is a closed enclosure.
  • a wall of this manufacturing chamber 12 may include a window for observing the manufacturing in progress inside the enclosure.
  • At least one wall of this manufacturing chamber 12 comprises an opening giving access to the interior of the enclosure for maintenance or cleaning operations, this opening being able to be closed in a sealed manner by means of a door during a period of time.
  • manufacturing cycle During a manufacturing cycle, the manufacturing chamber 12 may be filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen to avoid oxidizing the additive manufacturing powder and / or to avoid the risk of explosion.
  • the manufacturing chamber 12 can be maintained in slight depression to prevent leakage of additive manufacturing powder, or kept under vacuum when an electron beam is used inside the chamber to sinter or fuse the powder.
  • the additive manufacturing machine 10 comprises: a horizontal work surface 18 and at least one manufacturing zone 20 defined by a manufacturing jacket 22 and a manufacturing tray 24.
  • the jacket 22 extends vertically under the worktop 18 and it opens into the work plane 18.
  • the production plate 24 slides vertically inside the manufacturing jacket 22 under the effect of an actuator 26 such as a jack.
  • the manufacturing enclosure 12 may comprise several manufacturing zones 20.
  • the additive manufacturing machine 10 comprises a device for depositing a layer of powder on the manufacturing zone 20 delimited by the manufacturing jacket 22.
  • This deposition device 28 comprises a powder receiving device 30 comprising a powder receiving surface 32 surrounding the manufacturing zone 20, a powder injection device 34 on the receiving surface 32, and a delivery device 32. spreading of the powder deposited on the receiving surface 32 towards the manufacturing zone 20.
  • the spreading device 36 takes the form of a squeegee or a roller 38 mounted on a carriage 40.
  • This carriage 40 is mounted to be movable in translation in a horizontal direction D40 above the manufacturing zone 20
  • the carriage 40 is for example mounted on rails 42.
  • the carriage 40 may be motorized, or set in motion by a motor located inside or preferably outside the manufacturing enclosure 12 and via a motion transmission system such as pulleys and a belt.
  • the powder receiving surface 32 is mounted movably around the manufacturing zone 20 and moved around the manufacturing zone 20 by an actuator 44 such as a motor.
  • the receiving surface 32 Being mounted movably around the manufacturing area, the receiving surface 32 provides a reduced bulk around the manufacturing area 20.
  • the mobility of the receiving surface around the manufacturing area allows carrying the powder deposited by the injection device 34 on the receiving surface 32 anywhere in front of the manufacturing zone 20, which allows the spreading device 36 to work in two opposite directions of the horizontal direction D40 of translation of the carriage 40.
  • the receiving surface 32 is rotatably mounted around the manufacturing zone 20 and driven in rotation around the manufacturing zone by the actuator 44.
  • the receiving surface 32 is rotatably mounted around a vertical axis D32 and driven in rotation about this vertical axis by the actuator 44.
  • the manufacturing jacket 22 is preferably cylindrical and the manufacturing zone 20 is preferably circular, as illustrated in FIG.
  • the manufacturing sleeve 22 is preferably cylindrical about a vertical central axis D22, the vertical axis D32 of rotation of the receiving surface 32 coincides with the vertical central axis D22 of the cylindrical manufacturing sleeve 22 and the manufacturing area 20.
  • the receiving surface 32 is preferably annular and externally surrounds the manufacturing zone 20 over its entire circumference. Still preferably, the receiving surface 32 is annular about its vertical axis D32 rotating.
  • This annular configuration of the receiving surface 32 minimizes the bulk of the receiving device 30 around the manufacturing zone 20, and more generally to minimize the bulk of the deposition device 28 in the manufacturing enclosure 12. [041] Whether annular or in another form, the receiving surface 32 is interposed between the upper edge 46 of the manufacturing jacket 22 and the working plane 18, and the receiving surface 32 is located in the extension of the horizontal worktop 18.
  • the receiving surface 32 allows to bring the powder to spread closer to the upper edge 46 of the manufacturing liner and therefore closer to the manufacturing zone 20, which avoids pushing unnecessarily the powder on the work surface 18 with the roller or squeegee of the spreading device 36, and which thus makes it possible to increase the service life of the working plane 18 and the roller or squeegee of the spreading device 36.
  • the injection device 34 takes the form of a powder injection nozzle 48.
  • the injection nozzle 48 is preferably unique.
  • the injection nozzle 48 is fixedly mounted inside the manufacturing chamber 12. This injection nozzle 48 can deliver the powder at a point P1, preferably single, lying above the receiving surface 32 of the powder receiving device 30.
  • the injection nozzle 34 of powder is preferably connected to a powder supply device 50 located outside the manufacturing chamber 12.
  • This feed device 50 does not clutter the 12.
  • This supply device 50 can take the form of an interchangeable powder storage container or a powder supply circuit.
  • means of dosing 52 of powder are interposed between the feeder 50 and the injection nozzle 34. These powder metering means 52 make it possible to control, and possibly to vary, the flow of powder injected by the injection nozzle 48 on the receiving surface 32.
  • the spreading device is translated so as to spread the powder on the manufacturing zone 20.
  • the quantity of powder deposited on the receiving surface 32 is greater than the quantity of powder actually necessary to cover the manufacturing zone 20.
  • the powder deposited in excess and not used to cover the manufacturing zone 20 must be evacuated.
  • the powder receiving device 30 comprises an outer groove 54 for recovering the powder deposited in excess.
  • This outer groove 54 is interposed between the receiving surface 32 of the powder receiving device and the horizontal working plane 18.
  • the receiving surface 32 is preferably annular, the outer groove 54 is preferably annular.
  • the outer groove 54 is preferably concentric with the annular receiving surface 32. And, this outer groove 54 preferably surrounds the receiving surface 32 over its entire circumference.
  • the outer groove 54 is fixedly mounted relative to the working plane 18.
  • the working plane 18 forming part of the frame of the machine 10, the outer groove is fixedly mounted relative to the frame of the machine 10.
  • the outer groove 54 is connected to a hopper 56 for discharging powder. And, this hopper 56 is connected to a reservoir 58 for recovering powder.
  • two hoppers 56 are preferably connected to the outer groove 54.
  • the receiving device 30 preferably comprising an annular main body 58 in which is moved the annular outer groove 54, the hopper or hoppers 56 are fixed under the main body 58 and one or conduits provided in the main body 58 connect the outer groove 54 to the hopper (s) 56.
  • the receiving device 30 comprises at least one outer wiper 60 flowing in the outer groove.
  • the receiving device 30 comprises a plurality of outer scrapers 60, at least more than a dozen external scrapers, regularly spaced from each other and flowing in the outer groove 54.
  • the outer scraper or scrapers 60 are connected to the movable receiving surface 32, and the setting in motion of the receiving surface 32 causes the external scrapers 60 to be circulated in the outer groove and thus the evacuation of the powder deposited in excess towards a hopper 56.
  • the receiving surface 32 being preferably annular and the receiving device 30 comprising a ring 62 forming the receiving surface 32, the outer scraper or scrapers 60 are supported by an outer ring 64 fixed under the ring 62.
  • the powder receiving device 30 comprises an inner groove 66 for recovering powder. This inner groove 66 is interposed between the receiving surface 32 of the powder receiving device and the upper edge 46 of the manufacturing jacket 22.
  • the receiving surface 32 is preferably annular, the inner groove 66 is preferably annular.
  • the inner groove 66 is preferably concentric with the annular receiving surface 32. And, this inner groove 66 preferably surrounds the manufacturing sleeve 22 over its entire circumference.
  • the inner groove 66 is fixedly mounted relative to the working plane 18.
  • the working plane 18 forming part of the frame of the machine 10, the inner groove is fixedly mounted relative to the frame of the machine 10.
  • the inner groove 66 is connected to a hopper 56 for discharging powder. And, this hopper 56 is connected to a reservoir 58 for recovering powder. [064] As shown in the exploded view of the receiving device 30 in Figure 3, two hoppers 56 are preferably connected to the inner groove 66.
  • the receiving device 30 preferably comprising an annular main body 58 in which the annular inner groove 66 is located, the hopper or hoppers 56 are fixed under this main body 58 and one or more conduits provided in the main body 58 connect the inner groove 66 to the hopper (s) 56.
  • the receiving device 30 comprises at least one inner scraper 68 flowing in the inner groove.
  • the receiving device 30 includes a plurality of inner scrapers 68, at least more than a dozen internal scrapers, regularly spaced from each other and circulating in the inner groove 66.
  • the inner scraper 68 or are connected to the movable receiving surface 32, and the setting in motion of the receiving surface 32 causes the circulation or the inner scrapers 68 in the inner groove and thus the evacuation of the powder to a hopper 56.
  • the receiving surface 32 is preferably annular and the receiving device 30 comprising a ring 62 forming the receiving surface 32, or the inner scrapers 68 are supported by an inner ring 70 fixed under the ring 62.
  • the inner groove 66 is located radially inside the outer groove 54. Also, relative to the vertical axis D32 of the receiving surface 32, the inner ring 70 supporting the inner scrapers 68 is located radially inside outer ring 64 supporting the outer scrapers 60.
  • the ring 62 forming the receiving surface 32 is mounted on rollers 72 with vertical axes and on rollers 74 with horizontal axes.
  • the ring 62 forming the receiving surface 32 is driven by the motor 44 via a circular rack 76 connected to the ring 62 and via a pinion 78 connected to the axis of the motor 44.
  • the circular rack 76 is interposed between the outer ring 64 supporting the outer scrapers 60 and the ring 62, and this circular rack 76 has an internal toothing.
  • the circular rack 76 and the inner ring 70 and outer ring 64 form skirts under the ring 62 for protecting the gear between the circular rack 76 and the pinion 78 of the powder grains.
  • the deposition device 28 which has just been described can also be used to deposit powder on a manufacturing area of any other form, such as for example annular, square or rectangular. In such configurations, the deposition device 28 offers the same advantages of uniqueness of the point of arrival and of powder injection and reduction of the overall dimensions of the machine 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a machine (10) for additive manufacturing by powder-bed deposition. The additive manufacturing machine (10) comprises, inside a manufacturing enclosure: a horizontal work space (18) and a manufacturing area (20) defined by a manufacturing casing (22) and a manufacturing tray (24). The additive manufacturing machine (10) also comprises, inside the manufacturing enclosure, a device (28) for depositing a layer of powder on the manufacturing area (20) delimited by the manufacturing casing (22), the depositing device (28) comprising a powder receiving device (30) having a powder receiving surface (32) surrounding the manufacturing area (20), a powder injection device (34) on the receiving surface, and a device (36) for spreading the powder deposited on the receiving surface towards the manufacturing area. According to the invention, the powder receiving surface (32) is mounted so as to move around the manufacturing area (20) and is set in motion around the manufacturing area (20) by an actuator (44).

Description

MACHINE DE FABRICATION ADDITIVE COMPRENANT UNE SURFACE DE RECEPTION DE POUDRE MOBILE AUTOUR DE LA ZONE DE FABRICATION  ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING MACHINE COMPRISING A MOBILE POWDER RECEPTION SURFACE AROUND THE MANUFACTURING AREA

[001] L’ invention se situe dans le domaine de la fabrication additive à base de poudre par fusion des grains de cette poudre à l’aide d’une ou plusieurs sources d’énergie ou de chaleur comme un faisceau laser et/ou un faisceau d’électrons et/ou des diodes. [001] The invention lies in the field of powder-based additive manufacturing by melting the grains of this powder using one or more energy or heat sources such as a laser beam and / or a electron beam and / or diodes.

[002] Plus précisément, l’invention se situe dans le domaine de la fabrication additive par dépôt de lit de poudre et elle vise à simplifier la mise en couche de la poudre de fabrication additive à l’intérieur d’une machine de fabrication additive par dépôt de lit de poudre. [002] More precisely, the invention lies in the field of additive manufacturing by powder bed deposition and it aims to simplify the layering of the additive manufacturing powder inside an additive manufacturing machine. by deposition of powder bed.

[003] Plus précisément encore, l’invention vise à optimiser le dépôt de couches de poudre de fabrication additive sur une zone de fabrication circulaire. [003] More precisely, the invention aims to optimize the deposition of layers of additive manufacturing powder on a circular manufacturing zone.

[004] La demande WO2013092757 décrit une machine de fabrication additive comprenant un dispositif de dépôt d’une couche de poudre embarquant une trémie de stockage de poudre de fabrication additive, des moyens de dosage, des moyens de distribution de poudre de la trémie vers le plan de travail de la machine de fabrication additive, et des moyens d’étalement de la poudre déposée sur le plan de travail vers la zone de fabrication. [004] The application WO2013092757 describes an additive manufacturing machine comprising a device for depositing a powder layer carrying an additive manufacturing powder storage hopper, dosing means, powder distribution means from the hopper to the working plane of the additive manufacturing machine, and means for spreading the powder deposited on the work plane towards the manufacturing zone.

[005] Avantageusement, la trémie permet de stocker une quantité de poudre suffisamment importante pour la réalisation d’un cycle entier de fabrication additive. [005] Advantageously, the hopper makes it possible to store a quantity of powder that is sufficiently large for carrying out an entire cycle of additive manufacturing.

[006] Toutefois, cette importante quantité de poudre représente aussi une importante masse embarquée en début de cycle de fabrication, ce qui nécessite une motorisation et des moyens de guidage dimensionnés en conséquence, et donc plus consommateurs d’énergie électrique, pour déplacer le dispositif de dépôt en translation suffisamment rapidement au- dessus de la zone de fabrication. [006] However, this large amount of powder also represents a large mass embedded at the beginning of the manufacturing cycle, which requires a motorization and guiding means dimensioned accordingly, and therefore more electrical energy consumers, to move the device. deposition in translation sufficiently quickly above the manufacturing zone.

[007] De plus, dans les différentes configurations décrites dans cette demande WO2013092757, le dispositif de dépôt n’offre qu’un seul sens de travail. In addition, in the various configurations described in this application WO2013092757, the depositing device offers only one direction of work.

[008] La demande WO2015082677 est aussi relative à une machine de fabrication additive comprenant un dispositif de dépôt d’une couche de poudre embarquant une trémie de stockage d’une importante quantité de poudre de fabrication additive, des moyens de dosage et de distribution de poudre, et des moyens d’étalement de poudre. [008] The application WO2015082677 is also related to an additive manufacturing machine comprising a device for depositing a powder layer carrying a hopper for storing a large quantity of additive manufacturing powder, dosing and dispensing means. powder, and powder spreading means.

[009] Avantageusement, le dispositif de dépôt décrit dans la demande WO2015082677 propose une configuration symétrique des moyens d’étalement de poudre de part et d’autre des moyens de dosage et de distribution afin de pouvoir déposer des couches de poudre dans deux sens de travail opposés, d’une zone de fabrication à une autre et sans trajet inutile. [009] Advantageously, the deposit device described in the application WO2015082677 proposes a symmetrical configuration of the powder spreading means on either side of the dosing and dispensing means in order to be able to deposit layers of powder in two opposite working directions, from one manufacturing zone to another and without unnecessary journey.

[010] Toutefois, le dispositif de dépôt décrit dans cette demande WO2015082677 nécessite aussi une motorisation et des moyens de guidage dimensionnés en relation avec son importante masse embarquée et donc plus consommateurs d’énergie électrique. [010] However, the deposition device described in this application WO2015082677 also requires a motorization and guide means sized in relation to its large onboard mass and therefore more electrical energy consumers.

[011] De plus, étant donné la configuration compacte du dispositif de dépôt, des grains de poudre peuvent s’amasser de manière intempestive sous le dispositif de dépôt, entre les moyens de dosage et de distribution et les moyens d’étalement, et ces amas de poudre peuvent venir perturber le fonctionnement des moyens de dosage et de distribution ou nuire à la qualité du lit de poudre réalisé par les moyens d’étalement. [011] Moreover, given the compact configuration of the deposition device, grains of powder may inadvertently collect under the deposition device, between the dosing and dispensing means and the spreading means, and these Powder accumulation can disrupt the operation of the dosing and dispensing means or adversely affect the quality of the powder bed produced by the spreading means.

[012] La demande WO2017108868 décrit un dispositif de dépôt de poudre dans lequel les moyens d’alimentation, de distribution et de dosage de poudre sont séparés des moyens d’étalement de la poudre sur la zone de fabrication. Plus précisément, les moyens d’alimentation et de dosage de poudre prennent la forme d’un injecteur de poudre, les moyens de distribution de poudre prennent la forme d’un tiroir et les moyens d’étalement de poudre prennent la forme d’une raclette ou d’un rouleau monté sur un chariot se déplaçant en translation. The application WO2017108868 discloses a powder deposition device in which the powder supply, distribution and metering means are separated from the means for spreading the powder over the production zone. More specifically, the powder supply and metering means take the form of a powder injector, the powder distribution means take the form of a drawer and the powder spreading means take the form of a squeegee or roller mounted on a carriage moving in translation.

[013] Avantageusement, le chariot ne transportant que les moyens d’étalement de poudre, la motorisation et les moyens de guidage du chariot sont dimensionnés pour une charge embarquée moins importante, et ils sont donc moins onéreux. [013] Advantageously, the carriage carrying only the powder spreading means, the motorization and the guide means of the carriage are sized for a smaller onboard load, and they are less expensive.

[014] Selon un autre avantage, en séparant les moyens d’alimentation, de distribution et de dosage de poudre des moyens d’étalement de poudre, on évite la création d’amas de poudre sous le chariot des moyens d’étalement. [014] According to another advantage, by separating the powder supply, dispensing and dosing means powder spreading means, it avoids the creation of powder masses under the carriage of the spreading means.

[015] Toutefois, selon un premier inconvénient, afin de permettre aux moyens d’étalement de travailler dans deux sens opposés, il est nécessaire de prévoir deux tiroirs d’amenée de poudre, un de chaque côté de la zone de fabrication. [015] However, according to a first disadvantage, in order to allow the spreading means to work in two opposite directions, it is necessary to provide two powder supply drawers, one on each side of the manufacturing area.

[016] De plus, qu’ils se translatent uniquement à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication ou qu’ils se translatent en partie dans l’enceinte de fabrication et en partie à l’extérieur de cette enceinte, les tiroir(s) d’amenée de poudre augmentent obligatoirement l’encombrement de la machine de fabrication additive autour de la zone de fabrication. [017] La présente invention a pour objectif de remédier aux inconvénients des dispositifs précités. [016] In addition, they are translated only inside the manufacturing chamber or they are partly translated into the manufacturing chamber and partly outside this enclosure, the drawers ( s) supply of powder necessarily increase the size of the additive manufacturing machine around the manufacturing area. The present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the aforementioned devices.

[018] A cet effet, l’invention a pour objet une machine de fabrication additive par dépôt de lit de poudre, cette machine de fabrication additive comprenant une enceinte de fabrication et au moins une source de chaleur ou d’énergie utilisée pour fusionner de manière sélective une couche de poudre de fabrication additive déposée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication. Cette machine de fabrication additive comprend à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication : un plan de travail horizontal et une zone de fabrication définie par une chemise de fabrication et un plateau de fabrication, la chemise s’étendant verticalement sous le plan de travail et débouchant dans le plan de travail, et le plateau de fabrication coulissant verticalement à l’intérieur de la chemise de fabrication sous l’effet d’un actionneur. La machine de fabrication additive comprend aussi à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication un dispositif de dépôt d’une couche de poudre sur la zone de fabrication délimitée par la chemise de fabrication. Ce dispositif de dépôt comprend un dispositif de réception de poudre comprenant une surface de réception de poudre entourant la zone de fabrication, un dispositif d’injection de poudre sur la surface de réception, et un dispositif d’étalement de la poudre déposée sur la surface de réception vers la zone de fabrication. [018] For this purpose, the subject of the invention is an additive manufacturing machine by powder bed deposition, this additive manufacturing machine comprising a manufacturing chamber and at least one source of heat or energy used to merge selectively a layer of additive manufacturing powder deposited inside the manufacturing chamber. This additive manufacturing machine comprises inside the manufacturing enclosure: a horizontal worktop and a manufacturing area defined by a manufacturing jacket and a production tray, the jacket extending vertically under the worktop and opening into the work plane, and the manufacturing plate sliding vertically inside the manufacturing sleeve under the effect of an actuator. The additive manufacturing machine also comprises, inside the manufacturing enclosure, a device for depositing a layer of powder on the manufacturing zone delimited by the manufacturing jacket. This deposition device comprises a powder receiving device comprising a powder receiving surface surrounding the manufacturing zone, a powder injection device on the receiving surface, and a powder spreading device deposited on the surface. reception to the manufacturing area.

[019] Selon l’invention, la surface de réception de poudre est montée mobile autour de la zone de fabrication et mise en mouvement autour de la zone de fabrication par un actionneur. [019] According to the invention, the powder receiving surface is mounted movably around the manufacturing zone and set in motion around the manufacturing zone by an actuator.

[020] En étant mobile autour de la zone de fabrication, la surface de réception permet de réduire de manière importante l’encombrement du dispositif de réception de poudre, et donc du dispositif de dépôt de poudre, à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication. [020] By being mobile around the manufacturing zone, the receiving surface makes it possible to significantly reduce the bulk of the powder receiving device, and therefore the powder deposition device, inside the enclosure. Manufacturing.

[021] De plus, grâce à la mobilité et la mise en mouvement de la surface de réception du dispositif de réception de poudre autour de la zone de fabrication, le dispositif de dépôt de poudre selon l’invention ne nécessite qu’une seule arrivée de poudre, et cette arrivée de poudre peut avantageusement prendre la forme d’une simple buse d’injection montée fixe à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication. [021] In addition, thanks to the mobility and the setting in motion of the receiving surface of the powder receiving device around the manufacturing zone, the powder deposition device according to the invention requires only one arrival powder, and this arrival of powder may advantageously take the form of a simple injection nozzle mounted fixed inside the manufacturing chamber.

[022] Enfin, grâce à la mobilité et la mise en mouvement de la surface de réception du dispositif de réception de poudre autour de la zone de fabrication, le dispositif de dépôt de poudre selon l’invention permet au dispositif d’étalement de poudre de travailler dans deux sens de travail opposés, ce qui représente un gain de temps et d’énergie électrique conséquent sur la durée d’un cycle de fabrication additive. De plus, plus les grains de poudre de fabrication additive sont fins, plus le nombre de couches de poudre déposées au cours d’un cycle de fabrication augmente, et plus les gains liés au travail bidirectionnel augmentent. [022] Finally, thanks to the mobility and the setting in motion of the receiving surface of the powder receiving device around the manufacturing zone, the powder deposition device according to the invention allows the powder spreading device to work in two opposite working directions, which represents a saving of time and significant electrical energy over the duration of an additive manufacturing cycle. Plus, more powder grains The more additive manufacturing processes are, the more the number of layers of powder deposited during a manufacturing cycle increases, and the more the gains related to two-way work increase.

[023] D’autres caractéristiques et avantages de l’invention apparaîtront dans la description qui va suivre. Cette description, donnée à titre d’exemple et non limitative, se réfère aux dessins joints en annexe sur lesquels : la figure 1 est une vue de face schématique d’une machine de fabrication additive selon l’invention, la figure 2 est une vue de dessus schématique d’une machine de fabrication additive selon l’invention, et la figure 3 est une vue en éclaté du dispositif de réception de poudre du dispositif de dépôt de poudre d’une machine de fabrication additive selon l’invention. [023] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the description which follows. This description, given by way of example and not limitation, refers to the attached drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic front view of an additive manufacturing machine according to the invention, Figure 2 is a view schematic top view of an additive manufacturing machine according to the invention, and FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the powder receiving device of the powder deposition device of an additive manufacturing machine according to the invention.

[024] L’ invention est relative à une machine de fabrication additive par dépôt de lit de poudre. La fabrication additive par dépôt de lit de poudre est un procédé de fabrication additif dans lequel une ou plusieurs pièces sont fabriquées par la fusion sélective de différentes couches de poudre de fabrication additive superposées les unes sur les autres. La première couche de poudre est déposée sur un support tel un plateau, puis frittée ou fusionnée sélectivement à l’aide d’une ou plusieurs sources d’énergie ou de chaleur selon une première section horizontale de la ou des pièces à fabriquer. Puis, une deuxième couche de poudre est déposée sur la première couche de poudre qui vient d’être fusionnée ou frittée, et cette deuxième couche de poudre est frittée ou fusionnée sélectivement à son tour, et ainsi de suite jusqu’à la dernière couche de poudre utile à la fabrication de la dernière section horizontale de la ou des pièces à fabriquer. [024] The invention relates to an additive manufacturing machine by powder bed deposition. Powder bed deposition additive manufacturing is an additive manufacturing process in which one or more pieces are made by selectively fusing different layers of additive manufacturing powder superimposed on each other. The first layer of powder is deposited on a support such as a plate, then selectively sintered or fused using one or more sources of energy or heat in a first horizontal section of the part or parts to be manufactured. Then, a second layer of powder is deposited on the first layer of powder which has just been fused or sintered, and this second layer of powder is sintered or selectively fused in turn, and so on until the last layer of powder useful in the manufacture of the last horizontal section of the part or parts to be manufactured.

[025] Comme l’illustre la figure 1 et afin de permettre une fabrication additive de pièces par dépôt de lit de poudre, la machine 10 de fabrication additive selon l’invention comprend une enceinte de fabrication 12 et au moins une source 14 de chaleur ou d’énergie utilisée pour fusionner de manière sélective via un ou plusieurs faisceaux 16 une couche de poudre de fabrication additive déposée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication 12. [025] As illustrated in Figure 1 and to allow additive manufacturing parts by deposition of powder bed, the additive manufacturing machine 10 according to the invention comprises a manufacturing chamber 12 and at least one source 14 of heat or energy used to selectively fuse via one or more beams 16 a layer of additive manufacturing powder deposited inside the manufacturing enclosure 12.

[026] La ou les sources de chaleur ou d’énergie 14 peuvent prendre la forme de sources capables de produire un ou plusieurs faisceaux d’électrons et/ou un ou plusieurs faisceaux laser. Ces sources sont par exemple un ou plusieurs canons d’électrons et/ou une ou plusieurs diodes électroluminescentes. Afin de permettre une fusion sélective et donc un déplacement du ou des faisceaux d’énergie ou de chaleur 16, chaque source 14 comprend des moyens de déplacement et de contrôle du ou des faisceaux 16. [026] The source or sources of heat or energy 14 may take the form of sources capable of producing one or more electron beams and / or one or more laser beams. These sources are for example one or more electron guns and / or one or more light emitting diodes. In order to allow a selective merger and thus a displacement of the energy or heat beam or beams 16, each source 14 comprises means for moving and controlling the beam or beams 16.

[027] L’ enceinte de fabrication 12 est une enceinte fermée. Une paroi de cette enceinte de fabrication 12 peut comprendre une vitre permettant d’observer la fabrication en cours à l’intérieur de l’enceinte. Au moins une paroi de cette enceinte de fabrication 12 comprend une ouverture donnant accès à l’intérieur de l’enceinte pour des opérations de maintenance ou de nettoyage, cette ouverture pouvant être refermée de manière étanche à l’aide d’une porte pendant un cycle de fabrication. Pendant un cycle de fabrication, l’enceinte de fabrication 12 peut être remplie avec un gaz inerte tel l’azote pour éviter d’oxyder la poudre de fabrication additive et/ou pour éviter les risques d’explosion. L’enceinte de fabrication 12 peut être maintenue en légère dépression pour éviter les fuites de poudre de fabrication additive, ou maintenue sous vide lorsqu’un faisceau d’électrons est utilisé à l’intérieur de l’enceinte pour fritter ou fusionner la poudre. [027] The manufacturing chamber 12 is a closed enclosure. A wall of this manufacturing chamber 12 may include a window for observing the manufacturing in progress inside the enclosure. At least one wall of this manufacturing chamber 12 comprises an opening giving access to the interior of the enclosure for maintenance or cleaning operations, this opening being able to be closed in a sealed manner by means of a door during a period of time. manufacturing cycle. During a manufacturing cycle, the manufacturing chamber 12 may be filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen to avoid oxidizing the additive manufacturing powder and / or to avoid the risk of explosion. The manufacturing chamber 12 can be maintained in slight depression to prevent leakage of additive manufacturing powder, or kept under vacuum when an electron beam is used inside the chamber to sinter or fuse the powder.

[028] A l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication 12, la machine 10 de fabrication additive selon l’invention comprend : un plan de travail horizontal 18 et au moins une zone de fabrication 20 définie par une chemise de fabrication 22 et un plateau de fabrication 24. La chemise 22 s’étend verticalement sous le plan de travail 18 et elle débouche dans le plan de travail 18. Le plateau de fabrication 24 coulisse verticalement à l’intérieur de la chemise de fabrication 22 sous l’effet d’un actionneur 26 tel un vérin. [028] Within the manufacturing enclosure 12, the additive manufacturing machine 10 according to the invention comprises: a horizontal work surface 18 and at least one manufacturing zone 20 defined by a manufacturing jacket 22 and a manufacturing tray 24. The jacket 22 extends vertically under the worktop 18 and it opens into the work plane 18. The production plate 24 slides vertically inside the manufacturing jacket 22 under the effect of an actuator 26 such as a jack.

[029] Eventuellement, et comme cela est décrit dans la demande WO2015082677, l’enceinte de fabrication 12 peut comprendre plusieurs zones de fabrication 20. [029] Optionally, and as described in the application WO2015082677, the manufacturing enclosure 12 may comprise several manufacturing zones 20.

[030] Toujours à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication 12, la machine 10 de fabrication additive comprend un dispositif de dépôt 28 d’une couche de poudre sur la zone de fabrication 20 délimitée par la chemise de fabrication 22. [030] Still inside the manufacturing enclosure 12, the additive manufacturing machine 10 comprises a device for depositing a layer of powder on the manufacturing zone 20 delimited by the manufacturing jacket 22.

[031] Ce dispositif de dépôt 28 comprend un dispositif de réception 30 de poudre comprenant une surface de réception 32 de poudre entourant la zone de fabrication 20, un dispositif d’injection 34 de poudre sur la surface de réception 32, et un dispositif d’étalement 36 de la poudre déposée sur la surface de réception 32 vers la zone de fabrication 20. [031] This deposition device 28 comprises a powder receiving device 30 comprising a powder receiving surface 32 surrounding the manufacturing zone 20, a powder injection device 34 on the receiving surface 32, and a delivery device 32. spreading of the powder deposited on the receiving surface 32 towards the manufacturing zone 20.

[032] Le dispositif d’étalement 36 prend la forme d’une raclette ou d’un rouleau 38 monté sur un chariot 40. Ce chariot 40 est monté mobile en translation dans une direction horizontale D40 au-dessus de la zone de fabrication 20. A cet effet, le chariot 40 est par exemple monté sur des rails 42. Afin d’être entraîné en translation horizontale, le chariot 40 peut être motorisé, ou mis en mouvement par un moteur se situant à l’intérieur ou de préférence à l’extérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication 12 et via un système de transmission de mouvement tels des poulies et une courroie. [032] The spreading device 36 takes the form of a squeegee or a roller 38 mounted on a carriage 40. This carriage 40 is mounted to be movable in translation in a horizontal direction D40 above the manufacturing zone 20 For this purpose, the carriage 40 is for example mounted on rails 42. In order to be driven in horizontal translation, the carriage 40 may be motorized, or set in motion by a motor located inside or preferably outside the manufacturing enclosure 12 and via a motion transmission system such as pulleys and a belt.

[033] Selon l’invention, la surface de réception 32 de poudre est montée mobile autour de la zone de fabrication 20 et mise en mouvement autour de la zone de fabrication 20 par un actionneur 44 tel un moteur. [033] According to the invention, the powder receiving surface 32 is mounted movably around the manufacturing zone 20 and moved around the manufacturing zone 20 by an actuator 44 such as a motor.

[034] En étant montée mobile autour de la zone de fabrication, la surface de réception 32 offre un encombrement réduit autour de la zone de fabrication 20. De plus, la mobilité de la surface de réception autour de la zone de fabrication permet d’emmener la poudre déposée par le dispositif d’injection 34 sur la surface de réception 32 n’importe où devant la zone de fabrication 20, ce qui permet au dispositif d’étalement 36 de travailler dans les deux sens opposés de la direction horizontale D40 de translation du chariot 40. [034] Being mounted movably around the manufacturing area, the receiving surface 32 provides a reduced bulk around the manufacturing area 20. In addition, the mobility of the receiving surface around the manufacturing area allows carrying the powder deposited by the injection device 34 on the receiving surface 32 anywhere in front of the manufacturing zone 20, which allows the spreading device 36 to work in two opposite directions of the horizontal direction D40 of translation of the carriage 40.

[035] De préférence, la surface de réception 32 est montée mobile en rotation autour de la zone de fabrication 20 et entraînée en rotation autour de la zone de fabrication par l’actionneur 44. [035] Preferably, the receiving surface 32 is rotatably mounted around the manufacturing zone 20 and driven in rotation around the manufacturing zone by the actuator 44.

[036] Plus en détail, la surface de réception 32 est montée mobile en rotation autour d’un axe vertical D32 et entraînée en rotation autour de cet axe vertical par l’actionneur 44. [036] In more detail, the receiving surface 32 is rotatably mounted around a vertical axis D32 and driven in rotation about this vertical axis by the actuator 44.

[037] Pour fabriquer des pièces de révolution ou améliorer la résistance mécanique de la chemise de fabrication 22 au vide en vue d’une fabrication additive par faisceau d’électrons, la chemise de fabrication 22 est de préférence cylindrique et la zone de fabrication 20 est de préférence circulaire, comme l’illustre la figure 2. [037] To manufacture parts of revolution or to improve the mechanical strength of the vacuum manufacturing jacket 22 for electron beam additive manufacturing, the manufacturing jacket 22 is preferably cylindrical and the manufacturing zone 20 is preferably circular, as illustrated in FIG.

[038] La chemise de fabrication 22 étant de préférence cylindrique autour d’un axe central vertical D22, l’axe vertical D32 de rotation de la surface de réception 32 est confondu avec l’axe central vertical D22 de la chemise de fabrication 22 cylindrique et de la zone de fabrication 20. [038] The manufacturing sleeve 22 is preferably cylindrical about a vertical central axis D22, the vertical axis D32 of rotation of the receiving surface 32 coincides with the vertical central axis D22 of the cylindrical manufacturing sleeve 22 and the manufacturing area 20.

[039] Aussi, la surface de réception 32 est de préférence annulaire et elle entoure extérieurement la zone de fabrication 20 sur toute sa circonférence. Toujours de préférence, la surface de réception 32 est annulaire autour de son axe vertical D32 de mise en rotation. Also, the receiving surface 32 is preferably annular and externally surrounds the manufacturing zone 20 over its entire circumference. Still preferably, the receiving surface 32 is annular about its vertical axis D32 rotating.

[040] Cette configuration annulaire de la surface de réception 32 permet de réduire au maximum l’encombrement du dispositif de réception 30 autour de la zone de fabrication 20, et plus généralement de réduire au maximum l’encombrement du dispositif de dépôt 28 dans l’enceinte de fabrication 12. [041] Qu’elle soit annulaire ou d’une autre forme, la surface de réception 32 est intercalée entre le bord supérieur 46 de la chemise de fabrication 22 et le plan de travail 18, et la surface de réception 32 se situe dans le prolongement du plan de travail 18 horizontal. [040] This annular configuration of the receiving surface 32 minimizes the bulk of the receiving device 30 around the manufacturing zone 20, and more generally to minimize the bulk of the deposition device 28 in the manufacturing enclosure 12. [041] Whether annular or in another form, the receiving surface 32 is interposed between the upper edge 46 of the manufacturing jacket 22 and the working plane 18, and the receiving surface 32 is located in the extension of the horizontal worktop 18.

[042] Ainsi, la surface de réception 32 permet d’emmener la poudre à étaler au plus près du bord supérieur 46 de la chemise de fabrication et donc au plus près de la zone de fabrication 20, ce qui évite de pousser inutilement de la poudre sur le plan de travail 18 avec le rouleau ou la raclette du dispositif d’étalement 36, et qui permet donc d’augmenter la durée de vie du plan de travail 18 et du rouleau ou de la raclette du dispositif d’étalement 36. [042] Thus, the receiving surface 32 allows to bring the powder to spread closer to the upper edge 46 of the manufacturing liner and therefore closer to the manufacturing zone 20, which avoids pushing unnecessarily the powder on the work surface 18 with the roller or squeegee of the spreading device 36, and which thus makes it possible to increase the service life of the working plane 18 and the roller or squeegee of the spreading device 36.

[043] Pour déposer un cordon de poudre sur la surface de réception 32, le dispositif d’injection 34 prend la forme d’une buse d’injection 48 de poudre. [043] To deposit a bead of powder on the receiving surface 32, the injection device 34 takes the form of a powder injection nozzle 48.

[044] Comme la surface de réception 32 est montée mobile, la buse d’injection 48 est de préférence unique. [044] As the receiving surface 32 is movably mounted, the injection nozzle 48 is preferably unique.

[045] Toujours de préférence et parce que la surface de réception 32 est montée mobile, la buse d’injection 48 est montée fixe à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication 12. Cette buse d’injection 48 permet de délivrer la poudre en un point P1 , de préférence unique, se situant au-dessus de la surface de réception 32 du dispositif de réception 30 de poudre. [045] Always preferably and because the receiving surface 32 is movably mounted, the injection nozzle 48 is fixedly mounted inside the manufacturing chamber 12. This injection nozzle 48 can deliver the powder at a point P1, preferably single, lying above the receiving surface 32 of the powder receiving device 30.

[046] L’ unicité du point P1 d’arrivée et d’injection de poudre est avantageuse car elle permet de réduire l’encombrement du dispositif de dépôt 28 et donc de l’ensemble de la machine 10. [046] The uniqueness of the arrival point P1 and powder injection is advantageous because it reduces the size of the deposition device 28 and therefore the entire machine 10.

[047] Avantageusement, en faisant varier la vitesse de déplacement de la surface de réception 32 autour de la zone de fabrication 20 lors d’une injection de poudre sur cette surface de réception 32 avec la buse d’injection 48, il est possible de faire varier la hauteur du cordon de poudre déposé autour de la zone de fabrication 20. Cela permet d’ajuster au mieux la quantité de poudre déposée sur la surface de réception 32 à une zone de fabrication 20 présentant au moins deux longueurs différentes dans la direction horizontale D40 de translation du chariot 40, comme par exemple dans le cas d’une zone de fabrication 20 circulaire. [047] Advantageously, by varying the speed of movement of the receiving surface 32 around the manufacturing zone 20 during a powder injection on this receiving surface 32 with the injection nozzle 48, it is possible to vary the height of the bead of powder deposited around the manufacturing zone 20. This makes it possible to better adjust the quantity of powder deposited on the receiving surface 32 to a manufacturing zone 20 having at least two different lengths in the direction horizontal D40 translation of the carriage 40, as for example in the case of a circular manufacturing zone 20.

[048] La buse d’injection 34 de poudre est de préférence reliée à un dispositif d’alimentation 50 en poudre situé à l’extérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication 12. Ainsi, ce dispositif d’alimentation 50 ne vient pas encombrer l’enceinte de fabrication 12. Ce dispositif d’alimentation 50 peut prendre la forme d’un container de stockage de poudre interchangeable ou d’un circuit d’alimentation en poudre. Avantageusement, des moyens de dosage 52 de poudre sont intercalés entre le dispositif d’alimentation 50 et la buse d’injection 34. Ces moyens de dosage 52 de poudre permettent de maîtriser, et éventuellement de faire varier, le débit de poudre injecté par la buse d’injection 48 sur la surface de réception 32. [048] The injection nozzle 34 of powder is preferably connected to a powder supply device 50 located outside the manufacturing chamber 12. Thus, this feed device 50 does not clutter the 12. This supply device 50 can take the form of an interchangeable powder storage container or a powder supply circuit. Advantageously, means of dosing 52 of powder are interposed between the feeder 50 and the injection nozzle 34. These powder metering means 52 make it possible to control, and possibly to vary, the flow of powder injected by the injection nozzle 48 on the receiving surface 32.

[049] Une fois le cordon de poudre déposé sur la surface de réception 32 par la buse d’injection 34, le dispositif d’étalement est mis en translation de manière à étaler la poudre sur la zone de fabrication 20. Afin de garantir l’étalement d’une couche de poudre uniforme sur toute la zone de fabrication 20, la quantité de poudre déposée sur la surface de réception 32 est supérieure à la quantité de poudre réellement nécessaire pour recouvrir la zone de fabrication 20. La poudre déposée en excès et non utilisée pour recouvrir la zone de fabrication 20 doit être évacuée. [049] Once the bead of powder deposited on the receiving surface 32 by the injection nozzle 34, the spreading device is translated so as to spread the powder on the manufacturing zone 20. In order to guarantee the spreading of a uniform powder layer over the entire manufacturing zone 20, the quantity of powder deposited on the receiving surface 32 is greater than the quantity of powder actually necessary to cover the manufacturing zone 20. The powder deposited in excess and not used to cover the manufacturing zone 20 must be evacuated.

[050] A cet effet, le dispositif de réception 30 de poudre comprend une gorge extérieure 54 de récupération de la poudre déposée en excès. Cette gorge extérieure 54 est intercalée entre la surface de réception 32 du dispositif de réception de poudre et le plan de travail 18 horizontal. [050] For this purpose, the powder receiving device 30 comprises an outer groove 54 for recovering the powder deposited in excess. This outer groove 54 is interposed between the receiving surface 32 of the powder receiving device and the horizontal working plane 18.

[051] La surface de réception 32 étant de préférence annulaire, la gorge extérieure 54 est de préférence annulaire. De plus, la gorge extérieure 54 est de préférence concentrique avec la surface de réception 32 annulaire. Et, cette gorge extérieure 54 entoure de préférence la surface de réception 32 sur toute sa circonférence. [051] The receiving surface 32 is preferably annular, the outer groove 54 is preferably annular. In addition, the outer groove 54 is preferably concentric with the annular receiving surface 32. And, this outer groove 54 preferably surrounds the receiving surface 32 over its entire circumference.

[052] De préférence, la gorge extérieure 54 est montée fixe par rapport au plan de travail 18. Le plan de travail 18 faisant partie du bâti de la machine 10, la gorge extérieure est montée fixe par rapport au bâti de la machine 10. [052] Preferably, the outer groove 54 is fixedly mounted relative to the working plane 18. The working plane 18 forming part of the frame of the machine 10, the outer groove is fixedly mounted relative to the frame of the machine 10.

[053] Afin de permettre l’évacuation de la poudre déposée en excès qui est poussée dans la gorge extérieure 54 par le dispositif d’étalement, la gorge extérieure 54 est reliée à une trémie 56 d’évacuation de poudre. Et, cette trémie 56 est reliée à un réservoir 58 de récupération de poudre. [053] In order to allow the evacuation of the excess deposited powder which is pushed into the outer groove 54 by the spreading device, the outer groove 54 is connected to a hopper 56 for discharging powder. And, this hopper 56 is connected to a reservoir 58 for recovering powder.

[054] Comme l’illustre la vue éclatée du dispositif de réception 30 en figure 3, deux trémies 56 sont de préférence reliées à la gorge extérieure 54. [054] As shown in the exploded view of the receiving device 30 in FIG. 3, two hoppers 56 are preferably connected to the outer groove 54.

[055] Le dispositif de réception 30 comprenant de préférence un corps principal 58 annulaire dans lequel est emménagée la gorge extérieure 54 annulaire, la ou les trémies 56 sont fixées sous ce corps principal 58 et un ou des conduits prévus dans le corps principal 58 relient la gorge extérieure 54 à la ou aux trémies 56. [055] The receiving device 30 preferably comprising an annular main body 58 in which is moved the annular outer groove 54, the hopper or hoppers 56 are fixed under the main body 58 and one or conduits provided in the main body 58 connect the outer groove 54 to the hopper (s) 56.

[056] De manière à pousser la poudre présente dans la gorge extérieure 54 vers une trémie 56 d’évacuation de poudre, le dispositif de réception 30 comprend au moins un racleur extérieur 60 circulant dans la gorge extérieure. [056] In order to push the powder present in the outer groove 54 towards a hopper 56 for discharging powder, the receiving device 30 comprises at least one outer wiper 60 flowing in the outer groove.

[057] Pour éviter de pousser une trop grande quantité de poudre avec un seul racleur extérieur et de risquer de bloquer le racleur extérieur dans la gorge extérieure 54, le dispositif de réception 30 comprend une pluralité de racleurs extérieurs 60, au moins plus d’une dizaine de racleurs extérieurs, espacés régulièrement les uns des autres et circulant dans la gorge extérieure 54. [057] To avoid pushing too much powder with a single outer scraper and risk of blocking the outer scraper in the outer groove 54, the receiving device 30 comprises a plurality of outer scrapers 60, at least more than a dozen external scrapers, regularly spaced from each other and flowing in the outer groove 54.

[058] De préférence, le ou les racleurs extérieurs 60 sont reliés à la surface de réception 32 mobile, ainsi la mise en mouvement de la surface de réception 32 entraîne la circulation du ou des racleurs extérieurs 60 dans la gorge extérieure et ainsi l’évacuation de la poudre déposée en excès vers une trémie 56. [058] Preferably, the outer scraper or scrapers 60 are connected to the movable receiving surface 32, and the setting in motion of the receiving surface 32 causes the external scrapers 60 to be circulated in the outer groove and thus the evacuation of the powder deposited in excess towards a hopper 56.

[059] La surface de réception 32 étant de préférence annulaire et le dispositif de réception 30 comprenant un anneau 62 formant la surface de réception 32, le ou les racleurs extérieurs 60 sont supportés par une couronne extérieure 64 fixée sous l’anneau 62. [059] The receiving surface 32 being preferably annular and the receiving device 30 comprising a ring 62 forming the receiving surface 32, the outer scraper or scrapers 60 are supported by an outer ring 64 fixed under the ring 62.

[060] Afin d’éviter un blocage de la surface de réception 32 par des résidus de poudre de fabrication additive qui s’introduiraient dans le jeu de glissement nécessaire entre l’anneau 62 formant la surface de réception 32 mobile et la chemise de fabrication 22 qui est fixe pendant un cycle de fabrication, le dispositif de réception 30 de poudre comprend une gorge intérieure 66 de récupération de poudre. Cette gorge intérieure 66 est intercalée entre la surface de réception 32 du dispositif de réception de poudre et le bord supérieur 46 de la chemise de fabrication 22. [060] In order to prevent a blocking of the receiving surface 32 by additive manufacturing powder residues which would be introduced into the necessary sliding clearance between the ring 62 forming the mobile receiving surface 32 and the manufacturing jacket 22 which is fixed during a manufacturing cycle, the powder receiving device 30 comprises an inner groove 66 for recovering powder. This inner groove 66 is interposed between the receiving surface 32 of the powder receiving device and the upper edge 46 of the manufacturing jacket 22.

[061] La surface de réception 32 étant de préférence annulaire, la gorge intérieure 66 est de préférence annulaire. De plus, la gorge intérieure 66 est de préférence concentrique avec la surface de réception 32 annulaire. Et, cette gorge intérieure 66 entoure de préférence la chemise de fabrication 22 sur toute sa circonférence. [061] The receiving surface 32 is preferably annular, the inner groove 66 is preferably annular. In addition, the inner groove 66 is preferably concentric with the annular receiving surface 32. And, this inner groove 66 preferably surrounds the manufacturing sleeve 22 over its entire circumference.

[062] De préférence, la gorge intérieure 66 est montée fixe par rapport au plan de travail 18. Le plan de travail 18 faisant partie du bâti de la machine 10, la gorge intérieure est montée fixe par rapport au bâti de la machine 10. [062] Preferably, the inner groove 66 is fixedly mounted relative to the working plane 18. The working plane 18 forming part of the frame of the machine 10, the inner groove is fixedly mounted relative to the frame of the machine 10.

[063] Afin de permettre l’évacuation de la poudre qui chute dans la gorge intérieure 66 poussée par le dispositif d’étalement, la gorge intérieure 66 est reliée à une trémie 56 d’évacuation de poudre. Et, cette trémie 56 est reliée à un réservoir 58 de récupération de poudre. [064] Comme l’illustre la vue éclatée du dispositif de réception 30 en figure 3, deux trémies 56 sont de préférence reliées à la gorge intérieure 66. [063] In order to allow the evacuation of the powder which falls in the internal groove 66 pushed by the spreading device, the inner groove 66 is connected to a hopper 56 for discharging powder. And, this hopper 56 is connected to a reservoir 58 for recovering powder. [064] As shown in the exploded view of the receiving device 30 in Figure 3, two hoppers 56 are preferably connected to the inner groove 66.

[065] Le dispositif de réception 30 comprenant de préférence un corps principal 58 annulaire dans lequel est emménagée la gorge intérieure 66 annulaire, la ou les trémies 56 sont fixées sous ce corps principal 58 et un ou des conduits prévus dans le corps principal 58 relient la gorge intérieure 66 à la ou aux trémies 56. [065] The receiving device 30 preferably comprising an annular main body 58 in which the annular inner groove 66 is located, the hopper or hoppers 56 are fixed under this main body 58 and one or more conduits provided in the main body 58 connect the inner groove 66 to the hopper (s) 56.

[066] De manière à pousser la poudre présente dans la gorge intérieure 66 vers une trémie 56 d’évacuation de poudre, le dispositif de réception 30 comprend au moins un racleur intérieur 68 circulant dans la gorge intérieure. [066] In order to push the powder present in the inner groove 66 to a hopper 56 for discharging powder, the receiving device 30 comprises at least one inner scraper 68 flowing in the inner groove.

[067] Pour éviter de pousser une trop grande quantité de poudre avec un seul racleur intérieur et de risquer de bloquer le racleur intérieur dans la gorge intérieure 66, le dispositif de réception 30 comprend une pluralité de racleurs intérieurs 68, au moins plus d’une dizaine de racleurs intérieurs, espacés régulièrement les uns des autres et circulant dans la gorge intérieure 66. [067] To avoid pushing too much powder with a single inner scraper and risk blocking the inner scraper in the inner groove 66, the receiving device 30 includes a plurality of inner scrapers 68, at least more than a dozen internal scrapers, regularly spaced from each other and circulating in the inner groove 66.

[068] De préférence, le ou les racleurs intérieurs 68 sont reliés à la surface de réception 32 mobile, ainsi la mise en mouvement de la surface de réception 32 entraîne la circulation du ou des racleurs intérieurs 68 dans la gorge intérieure et ainsi l’évacuation de la poudre vers une trémie 56. [068] Preferably, the inner scraper 68 or are connected to the movable receiving surface 32, and the setting in motion of the receiving surface 32 causes the circulation or the inner scrapers 68 in the inner groove and thus the evacuation of the powder to a hopper 56.

[069] La surface de réception 32 étant de préférence annulaire et le dispositif de réception 30 comprenant un anneau 62 formant la surface de réception 32, le ou les racleurs intérieurs 68 sont supportés par une couronne intérieure 70 fixée sous l’anneau 62. [069] The receiving surface 32 is preferably annular and the receiving device 30 comprising a ring 62 forming the receiving surface 32, or the inner scrapers 68 are supported by an inner ring 70 fixed under the ring 62.

[070] Relativement à l’axe vertical D32 de la surface de réception 32, la gorge intérieure 66 est située radialement à l’intérieur de la gorge extérieure 54. Aussi, relativement à l’axe vertical D32 de la surface de réception 32, la couronne intérieure 70 supportant les racleurs intérieurs 68 est située radialement à l’intérieur de couronne extérieure 64 supportant les racleurs extérieurs 60. [070] With respect to the vertical axis D32 of the receiving surface 32, the inner groove 66 is located radially inside the outer groove 54. Also, relative to the vertical axis D32 of the receiving surface 32, the inner ring 70 supporting the inner scrapers 68 is located radially inside outer ring 64 supporting the outer scrapers 60.

[071] En vue de son guidage en rotation, l’anneau 62 formant la surface de réception 32 est monté sur des galets 72 à axes verticaux et sur des galets 74 à axes horizontaux. [071] In order to guide it in rotation, the ring 62 forming the receiving surface 32 is mounted on rollers 72 with vertical axes and on rollers 74 with horizontal axes.

[072] Pour sa mise en rotation, l’anneau 62 formant la surface de réception 32 est entraîné par le moteur 44 via une crémaillère circulaire 76 reliée à l’anneau 62 et via un pignon 78 relié à l’axe du moteur 44. [073] De préférence, la crémaillère circulaire 76 est intercalée entre la couronne extérieure 64 supportant les racleurs extérieurs 60 et l’anneau 62, et cette crémaillère circulaire 76 a une denture intérieure. Ainsi, la crémaillère circulaire 76 ainsi que les couronnes intérieure 70 et extérieure 64 forment des jupes sous l’anneau 62 permettant de protéger l’engrenage entre la crémaillère circulaire 76 et le pignon 78 des grains de poudre. [072] For its rotation, the ring 62 forming the receiving surface 32 is driven by the motor 44 via a circular rack 76 connected to the ring 62 and via a pinion 78 connected to the axis of the motor 44. [073] Preferably, the circular rack 76 is interposed between the outer ring 64 supporting the outer scrapers 60 and the ring 62, and this circular rack 76 has an internal toothing. Thus, the circular rack 76 and the inner ring 70 and outer ring 64 form skirts under the ring 62 for protecting the gear between the circular rack 76 and the pinion 78 of the powder grains.

[074] Le dispositif de dépôt 28 qui vient d’être décrit peut aussi être utilisé pour déposer de la poudre sur une zone de fabrication de toute autre forme, comme par exemple annulaire, carrée ou rectangulaire. Dans de telles configurations, le dispositif de dépôt 28 offre les mêmes avantages d’unicité du point d’arrivée et d’injection de poudre et de réduction d’encombrement de l’ensemble de la machine 10. [074] The deposition device 28 which has just been described can also be used to deposit powder on a manufacturing area of any other form, such as for example annular, square or rectangular. In such configurations, the deposition device 28 offers the same advantages of uniqueness of the point of arrival and of powder injection and reduction of the overall dimensions of the machine 10.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Machine (10) de fabrication additive par dépôt de lit de poudre, cette machine de fabrication additive comprenant une enceinte de fabrication (12) et au moins une source de chaleur ou d’énergie (14) utilisée pour fusionner de manière sélective via un ou plusieurs faisceaux (16) une couche de poudre de fabrication additive déposée à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication, la machine (10) de fabrication additive comprenant à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication : un plan de travail horizontal (18) et une zone de fabrication (20) définie par une chemise de fabrication (22) et un plateau de fabrication (24), la chemise s’étendant verticalement sous le plan de travail et débouchant dans le plan de travail, et le plateau de fabrication (24) coulissant verticalement à l’intérieur de la chemise de fabrication sous l’effet d’un actionneur 26, la machine (10) de fabrication additive comprenant aussi à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication un dispositif de dépôt (28) d’une couche de poudre sur la zone de fabrication (20) délimitée par la chemise de fabrication (22), le dispositif de dépôt (28) comprenant un dispositif de réception (30) de poudre comprenant une surface de réception (32) de poudre entourant la zone de fabrication (20), un dispositif d’injection (34) de poudre sur la surface de réception, et un dispositif d’étalement (36) de la poudre déposée sur la surface de réception vers la zone de fabrication, la machine étant caractérisée en ce que la surface de réception (32) de poudre est montée mobile autour de la zone de fabrication (20) et mise en mouvement autour de la zone de fabrication (20) par un actionneur (44). A powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10), said additive manufacturing machine comprising a manufacturing enclosure (12) and at least one heat or energy source (14) used to selectively merge via one or more bundles (16) a layer of additive manufacturing powder deposited inside the manufacturing enclosure, the additive manufacturing machine (10) comprising inside the manufacturing enclosure: a work plan horizontal (18) and a manufacturing zone (20) defined by a manufacturing jacket (22) and a manufacturing plate (24), the jacket extending vertically under the work plane and opening into the work plane, and the manufacturing plate (24) sliding vertically inside the manufacturing jacket under the effect of an actuator 26, the machine (10) of additive manufacturing also comprising inside the manufacturing enclosure a d depositing device (28) of a powder layer on the manufacturing zone (20) delimited by the manufacturing jacket (22), the deposition device (28) comprising a powder receiving device (30) comprising a surface receiving (32) powder surrounding the manufacturing zone (20), a powder injecting device (34) on the receiving surface, and a spreading device (36) for depositing the powder on the receiving surface to the production zone, the machine characterized in that the powder receiving surface (32) is movably mounted around the manufacturing zone (20) and is moved around the manufacturing zone (20) by an actuator (44). 2. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle la surface de réception (32) est montée mobile en rotation autour de la zone de fabrication (20) et entraînée en rotation autour de la zone de fabrication par l’actionneur (44). 2. The powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to claim 1, wherein the receiving surface (32) is rotatably mounted around the manufacturing zone (20) and rotated around the manufacturing area by the actuator (44). 3. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle la surface de réception (32) est montée mobile en rotation autour d’un axe vertical (D32) et entraînée en rotation autour de cet axe vertical par l’actionneur (44). The powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to claim 2, wherein the receiving surface (32) is rotatably mounted about a vertical axis (D32) and rotated about it. vertical axis by the actuator (44). 4. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle, la chemise de fabrication (22) étant cylindrique et la zone de fabrication (20) étant circulaire, la surface de réception (32) est annulaire et entoure extérieurement la zone de fabrication sur toute sa circonférence. 4. Powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, the manufacturing liner (22) being cylindrical and the manufacturing zone (20) being circular, the receiving surface (32) is annular and externally surrounds the manufacturing area over its entire circumference. 5. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la surface de réception (32) est intercalée entre le bord supérieur (46) de la chemise de fabrication et le plan de travail (18), la surface de réception (32) se situant dans le prolongement du plan de travail (18) horizontal. 5. Powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the receiving surface (32) is interposed between the upper edge (46) of the manufacturing sleeve and the work plane (18), the receiving surface (32) lying in the extension of the horizontal work plane (18). 6. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le dispositif d’injection (34) prend la forme d’une buse d’injection (48) de poudre. 6. The powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the injection device (34) takes the form of a powder injection nozzle (48). 7. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle le dispositif d’injection (34) prend la forme d’une unique buse d’injection (48) de poudre. The powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to claim 6, wherein the injection device (34) takes the form of a single powder injection nozzle (48). 8. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7, dans laquelle la buse d’injection (48) est montée fixe à l’intérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication et permet de délivrer la poudre en un point (P1 ) se situant au-dessus de la surface de réception (32) du dispositif de réception de poudre. 8. Powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to claim 6 or claim 7, wherein the injection nozzle (48) is fixedly mounted inside the manufacturing chamber and allows delivering the powder at a point (P1) located above the receiving surface (32) of the powder receiving device. 9. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon l’une des revendications 6 à 8, dans laquelle la buse d’injection (48) de poudre est reliée à un dispositif d’alimentation (50) en poudre situé à l’extérieur de l’enceinte de fabrication (12). 9. Powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the powder injection nozzle (48) is connected to a powder feeder (50). located outside the manufacturing enclosure (12). 10. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le dispositif de réception (30) de poudre comprend une gorge extérieure (54) de récupération de la poudre déposée en excès, cette gorge extérieure étant intercalée entre la surface de réception (32) du dispositif de réception de poudre et le plan de travail (18). 10. additive manufacturing machine (10) by powder bed deposition according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the powder receiving device (30) comprises an outer groove (54) for recovering the powder deposited in excess, this external groove being interposed between the receiving surface (32) of the powder receiving device and the working plane (18). 1 1. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle la gorge extérieure (54) est montée fixe par rapport au plan de travail (18). A powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to claim 10, wherein the outer groove (54) is fixedly mounted relative to the work plane (18). 12. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon la revendication 10 ou la revendication 1 1 , dans laquelle la gorge extérieure (54) est reliée à une trémie (56) d’évacuation de poudre. The powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to claim 10 or claim 11, wherein the outer groove (54) is connected to a powder evacuation hopper (56). 13. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon la revendication 12, dans laquelle le dispositif de réception (30) de poudre comprend au moins un racleur extérieur (60) circulant dans la gorge extérieure (54) de manière à pousser la poudre présente dans la gorge extérieure vers la trémie d’évacuation de poudre. The powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to claim 12, wherein the powder receiving device (30) comprises at least one outer wiper (60) circulating in the outer groove (54) so as to push the powder present in the outer groove towards the powder evacuation hopper. 14. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le dispositif de réception (30) de poudre comprend une gorge intérieure (66) de récupération de poudre, cette gorge intérieure étant intercalée entre la surface de réception (32) du dispositif de réception de poudre et le bord supérieur (46) de la chemise de fabrication (22). 14. Powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the powder receiving device (30) comprises an inner groove (66) for recovering powder, said inner groove being interposed between the receiving surface (32) of the powder receiving device and the upper edge (46) of the manufacturing jacket (22). 15. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon la revendication 14, dans laquelle la gorge intérieure (66) est reliée à une trémie (56) d’évacuation de poudre. 15. The powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to claim 14, wherein the inner groove (66) is connected to a powder evacuation hopper (56). 16. Machine de fabrication additive (10) par dépôt de lit de poudre selon la revendication 15, dans laquelle le dispositif de réception (30) de poudre comprend au moins un racleur intérieur (68) circulant dans la gorge intérieure de manière à pousser la poudre présente dans la gorge intérieure vers la trémie d’évacuation de poudre. 16. The powder bed deposition additive manufacturing machine (10) according to claim 15, wherein the powder receiving device (30) comprises at least one inner scraper (68) circulating in the inner groove in order to push the powder present in the inner groove towards the powder evacuation hopper.
PCT/FR2018/053078 2017-12-05 2018-12-03 Machine for additive manufacturing comprising a powder receiving surface movable around the manufacturing area Ceased WO2019110899A1 (en)

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