WO2019107570A1 - 塗料組成物及び複層塗膜の形成方法 - Google Patents
塗料組成物及び複層塗膜の形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019107570A1 WO2019107570A1 PCT/JP2018/044312 JP2018044312W WO2019107570A1 WO 2019107570 A1 WO2019107570 A1 WO 2019107570A1 JP 2018044312 W JP2018044312 W JP 2018044312W WO 2019107570 A1 WO2019107570 A1 WO 2019107570A1
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/77—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
- C08G18/78—Nitrogen
- C08G18/79—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/791—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing isocyanurate groups
- C08G18/792—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing isocyanurate groups formed by oligomerisation of aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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- B05D7/532—Base coat plus clear coat type the two layers being cured or baked together, i.e. wet on wet
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coating composition. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method of forming a multilayer coating film.
- a plurality of coating films having various roles are sequentially formed to protect the substrate and to provide a beautiful appearance and an excellent design.
- it is the coating films particularly referred to as a base coating film and a clear coating film that have a great influence on the appearance and design of the coating film.
- a coating film is required to have excellent coating film performance such as desired hardness.
- Patent Document 1 provides a clear paint (composition) which forms a coating film with improved sharpness and further does not impair the coating film performance such as hardness, processability and stain resistance of the coating film.
- the purpose of the invention is to More specifically, Patent Document 1 (A) has a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 30,000, a glass transition temperature of -10 to 70 ° C., a solubility parameter (sp value) of 9.5 to 12.5, an acid 30 to 80 parts by weight of hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin having a valence of less than 50 mg KOH / g, (B) number average molecular weight of 400 to 5,000, glass transition temperature of -10 to 70 ° C., high acid value polyester of 50 to 400 mg KOH / g 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of (D) an acid catalyst as an acid amount is contained with respect to 100 parts by weight of a resin component comprising 50 to 50 parts by weight and 10 to 40 parts by weight of (C) a melamine resin curing agent
- Patent Document 2 relates to a clear paint composition capable of forming a coating film excellent in stain resistance and sharpness.
- Patent Document 2 having such purpose has a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 500,000 and a glass transition temperature of ⁇ 10 to 70 ° C., containing 15 to 60% by weight of (A) styrene in a constituent monomer component. 30 to 70 parts by weight of a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin, (B) 10 to 50 parts by weight of a high acid number polyester having a number average molecular weight of 400 to 5,000, a glass transition temperature of -10 to 70 ° C.
- a clear coating composition which comprises 10 to 40 parts by weight of a melamine resin curing agent, and the total amount of the components (A), (B) and (C) is 100 parts by weight. (See claim 1 of reference 2).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 in the clear coating composition containing a melamine resin, when attempting to improve the appearance of the formed coating film by adjusting the blending amount of the melamine resin and the plasticizer, scratch resistance There are problems such as deterioration of coating film properties such as adhesion and acid resistance. Furthermore, when the blending amounts of the melamine resin and the plasticizer were adjusted to try to improve coating physical properties such as scratch resistance and acid resistance, it was not possible to obtain a desired coating film appearance such as color reversion.
- the coating composition which can form a coating film which has a favorable coating film appearance and design, and has well-balanced coating physical properties, such as scratch resistance, is still not provided.
- the present invention has an object to provide a coating composition which has a good appearance and design of a coating film and can form a coating film having a coating film physical property such as scratch resistance with good balance.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a multilayer coating film, which comprises forming a coating film using the coating composition of the present invention.
- the present invention provides the following modes.
- Hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) At least one selected from the group consisting of a melamine resin (B1) and an unblocked isocyanate compound (B2), and a copolymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) having a half-esterified acid anhydride group and another copolymer -Ester-group-containing copolymer (C) which is a copolymer with a water-soluble monomer (b) Including
- the polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) has an acid anhydride group half-esterified with a monoalcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and the total acid value of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is
- the coating composition which is 5.0 mgKOH / g or more and 240 mgKOH / g or less.
- the acid value of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is 10 mg KOH / g or more and 240 mg KOH / g or less.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) has a hydroxyl value of 60 mg KOH / g or more and 200 mg KOH / g or less.
- the content of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is 3 parts by mass or more and 25 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content of the paint composition Composition.
- the ratio of the melamine resin (B1) and the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) contained in the coating composition is a melamine resin (B1) / half ester group as a solid content mass ratio The coating composition as described above, wherein the contained copolymer (C) is 1 / 0.1 to 1/1.
- the coating composition as described above further having a particulate additive (E) containing at least one selected from the group consisting of organic-inorganic hybrid polymer dispersion, inorganic particles, and organic resin-coated inorganic particles .
- a particulate additive (E) containing at least one selected from the group consisting of organic-inorganic hybrid polymer dispersion, inorganic particles, and organic resin-coated inorganic particles .
- the coating composition as described above, wherein in the embodiment the coating composition is a clear coating composition.
- a method for forming a multilayer coating film comprising the steps of coating on an uncured base coating film to form a coating film.
- Coating the base paint composition on the middle coat film to form a base paint film or an uncured base paint film, and the above-mentioned paint composition on the base paint film or the uncured A method for forming a multilayer coating film, comprising the steps of coating on a base coating film to form a coating film.
- the coating composition of the present invention can form a coating having a good appearance and design, and moreover, excellent scratch resistance and acid resistance.
- an acid / epoxy thermosetting coating composition (hereinafter referred to as "acid-epoxy coating composition" is used, but the acid-epoxy coating composition is a coating having excellent coating appearance and coating physical properties. It has the advantages of being able to form a film etc. However, such a coating composition is expensive, and although it meets the industrial standards for environmental impact, it may be possible to control the use of epoxy component Sex is also emerging. Furthermore, acid-epoxy paint compositions have the property that they are unsuitable for long-term storage relatively.
- the manufacturing cost can be suppressed as compared with the acid-epoxy paint composition, and the problem of using the epoxy component as described above can be avoided, and further Can have better storage stability.
- the problem of controlling the use of the epoxy component as described above can be avoided, and further, the storage stability can be better.
- a coating film is formed from a coating composition containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a melamine resin and an unblocked isocyanate compound, it generally has heat resistance and water resistance, and further has good coating hardness. Is obtained.
- a paint composition comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of such melamine resins and unblocked isocyanate compounds, as described above, for example, it is selected from the group consisting of melamine resins and unblocked isocyanate compounds.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that, in a paint composition containing at least one selected from the group consisting of melamine resins and non-blocked isocyanate compounds, improvement of the appearance of the formed coating, scratch resistance, acid resistance, etc. We tried to simultaneously improve the coating film properties. As a result, the present inventors can simultaneously improve the appearance of the formed coating film and the properties of the coating film such as scratch resistance and acid resistance, and obtain excellent coating film appearance and film properties. Found a paint composition.
- the coating composition of the present invention can form a coating film excellent in smoothness, sharpness, brightness, acid resistance, scratch resistance and the like.
- the coating composition of the present invention although it is a coating composition containing a melamine resin, the appearance of the formed coating film can be improved, and moreover, color return can be suppressed, and so on, an effect not obtained conventionally can be obtained. be able to.
- the acid resistance, hardness and scratch resistance can be further improved by including the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2).
- the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) it is possible to further improve car wash resistance.
- the coating composition of the present invention may contain a melamine resin and an unblocked isocyanate compound. This combination can show the effect exerted by the above-mentioned melamine resin and the non-blocked isocyanate compound. Moreover, a more excellent coating appearance can be obtained. Furthermore, if it is the formation method of the multilayer coating film using the coating composition of this invention, the coating film which has such a technical effect can be formed.
- the coating composition of the present invention having such technical effects is Hydroxyl group containing acrylic resin (A), At least one selected from the group consisting of a melamine resin (B1) and an unblocked isocyanate compound (B2), and a copolymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) having a half-esterified acid anhydride group and another copolymer -Ester-group-containing copolymer (C) which is a copolymer with a water-soluble monomer (b) Including
- the polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) has an acid anhydride group half-esterified with a monoalcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and the total acid value of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is It is a coating composition which is 5.0 mgKOH / g or more and 240 mgKOH / g or less.
- the paint composition of the present invention is Hydroxyl group containing acrylic resin (A), A non-blocked isocyanate compound (B2) and a half ester group-containing copolymer of a polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) having a half-esterified acid anhydride group and another copolymerizable monomer (b) Copolymer (C) Including
- the polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) has an acid anhydride group half-esterified with a monoalcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and the total acid value of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is It is 5.0 mg KOH / g or more and 240 mg KOH / g or less.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) contained in the coating composition according to the present invention has a hydroxyl value (OHV) of 60 mg KOH / g or more and 200 mg KOH / g or less, and in an embodiment of 65 mg KOH / g or more and 200 mg KOH / g or less In another embodiment, it is 70 mg KOH / g or more and 200 mg KOH / g or less.
- OCV hydroxyl value
- the coating composition can be coated on a substrate, and in one aspect, a base coating film, and can impart good solvent resistance and weather resistance to the formed coating film. In addition, good water resistance can be imparted to the coating formed from the coating composition in the present disclosure.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) has a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 1,500 or more and 11,000 or less.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) is preferably 1500 or more and 10000 or less, and in one aspect, 1500 or more and 8000 or less, and in another aspect, 1800 or more and 7000 or less.
- the coating composition according to the present disclosure is coated on a substrate, and in one aspect, a base coating film
- the mixed phase of the coating composition and the base coating film (lower layer) due to wet on wet can be suppressed, and the appearance (finished appearance) of the coating film formed by coating the coating composition on the base coating film is excellent. can do.
- the coating composition of the present disclosure can be coated on a substrate, and in certain embodiments, on a base coating film.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) in the present disclosure means a number average molecular weight in terms of styrene homopolymer using gel permeation chromatography.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) preferably has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of ⁇ 20 ° C. or more and 70 ° C. or less, and in an embodiment, ⁇ 20 ° C. or more and 50 ° C. or less, and in an embodiment, a glass transition temperature (Tg) is ⁇ 10 ° C. or more and 40 ° C. or less.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the glass transition temperature may be ⁇ 5 ° C. or more and 25 ° C. or less.
- a coating composition of the present disclosure is applied to a coated article, and in one aspect, a base coating, and a coating formed from the coating composition of the present disclosure Good appearance (finished appearance). Furthermore, since the viscosity suitable for the coating of the coating composition of the present disclosure can be maintained, dilution by the solvent can be suppressed.
- the measurement of the glass transition temperature (Tg) can be measured by a known method.
- the quick-drying property of a coating composition can be improved and the coating-film external appearance which was excellent in the coating film can be brought about.
- a monomer composition suitable for producing a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) for example, a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic acid hydroxy ester such as 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate and the like And / or at least one of hydroxyl group-containing methacrylic acid hydroxy esters such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate and the like; and, if necessary, acrylic acid; methyl acrylate, acrylic Acrylates such as butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, isoboronyl acrylate, etc .; methacrylic acid; methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, t methacrylate It includes compositions comprising at least one of the like; ethylenically unsatur
- the monomer composition can be polymerized using a solvent such as, for example, butyl acetate.
- a solvent such as, for example, butyl acetate.
- the type of solvent, the concentration of the monomer composition at the time of polymerization, or the type and amount of the polymerization initiator, and the polymerization conditions such as the polymerization temperature and the polymerization time are appropriately adjusted according to the various physical properties required of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin There is no particular limitation, as long as it is done. Therefore, the method for producing the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) is not particularly limited.
- the amount of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) contained in the coating composition in the present disclosure is 50 parts by mass or more and 80 parts by mass or less, preferably 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content of the coating composition according to the present disclosure Is 50 parts by mass or more and 75 parts by mass or less.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When using several hydroxyl-containing acrylic resin (A), it can adjust suitably so that the total amount of hydroxyl-containing acrylic resin (A) may become in the said range.
- the resin solid content of 100 parts by mass of the coating composition according to the present disclosure is selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A), a melamine resin (B1) and an unblocked isocyanate compound (B2)
- the total of resin solid contents of component (A), component (B1), component (B2) and component (C) is 100 parts by mass It means that there is.
- the coating composition according to the present disclosure includes the blocked isocyanate compound (D) in addition to the components (A) to (C), resin solids of the component (A) to the component (D) The total of 100 parts by mass.
- the total of component (B) means the total amount of component (B1) and component (B2).
- Melamine resin (B1) generally means a thermosetting resin synthesized from melamine and aldehyde, and has three reactive functional groups -NX 1 X 2 in one molecule of triazine core.
- a melamine resin a completely alkyl type containing -N- (CH 2 OR) 2 (where R is an alkyl group, the same applies hereinafter) as a reactive functional group; -N- (CH 2 OR) (CH 2 as a reactive functional group Methylol group type containing OH); imino group type containing -N- (CH 2 OR) (H) as a reactive functional group; -N- (CH 2 OR) (CH 2 OH) as a reactive functional group
- -N- (CH 2 OR) CH 2 OH
- the coating film formed from the coating composition can be excellent in impact resistance and have an excellent appearance.
- the melamine resin is not particularly limited, and the coating composition according to the present disclosure may be, for example, an alkyl etherified melamine resin described below, or may include a commercially available melamine resin.
- the melamine resin (B1) may include an alkyl etherified melamine resin.
- the resin may contain an alkyletherified melamine resin having an average number of imino groups per triazine nucleus of less than 1.0 and a number average molecular weight of less than 1,000.
- the number of imino groups per triazine nucleus is less than 1.0 on average, preferably the number of imino groups is on average 0.01 or more and 0.3 or less, and preferably the number average molecular weight is 300-900.
- the resin may be an alkyletherified melamine resin having an average number of imino groups per triazine nucleus of 1.0 or more and a number average molecular weight of 300 to 2,500. In one embodiment, the content of imino groups is 1.2 to 2.5 per triazine nucleus. When the number of imino groups per triazine nucleus is 1.0 or more on average, the number average molecular weight is more preferably 400 to 1200, and still more preferably 500 to 1100. With the alkyl etherified melamine resin having such characteristics, the curability at the time of coating film formation can be kept good, and moreover, a good coating film appearance can be obtained. In the present specification, the number average molecular weight is measured by GPC (gel permeation chromatography), and the value converted to polystyrene polymer molecular weight is used.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the alkyletherified melamine resin is an alkyletherified melamine resin in which the number of imino groups per triazine core is less than 1.0 on average and the number average molecular weight is less than 1000.
- a melamine resin (B1) is a coating film formed from the coating composition according to the present disclosure in the case of forming a multilayer coating film by, for example, a 3-coat 1-baking method by including such an alkyl etherified melamine resin. Reaction curing rate can be suppressed. Thereby, in the multilayer coating film formed, the reaction curing speed of the coating film formed from the coating composition of the present disclosure and, for example, the reaction curing speed at the time of formation of the intermediate coating film, the base coating film, etc. The appearance of the resulting multilayer coating can be improved.
- an alkyletherified melamine resin having an average number of imino groups per triazine nucleus of less than 1.0 on average and a number average molecular weight of less than 1000 is melamine (2,4,6-triamino-1, A part of the amino group of 3,5-triazine) can be reacted with methylol to form methylol, and then a part of the resulting methylol group can be prepared by alkyl etherification with alcohol.
- Melamine has three amino groups (—NH 2 ) bonded to carbon atoms of triazine nuclei constituting melamine. Since formaldehyde can be added to two hydrogen atoms constituting this amino group, theoretically, 6 moles of formaldehyde can be added to 1 mole of melamine, and one triazine nucleus can be added. Six methylol groups can be introduced. Thus, alkyletherification can be carried out by reacting an alcohol with the methylol group introduced into melamine.
- all hydrogen atoms of the amino group of melamine may be reacted to be methylolated, imino group (—NH—CH 2 OR, wherein R is H or alkyl
- imino group —NH—CH 2 OR, wherein R is H or alkyl
- the group may be reacted to such an extent that an average of less than 1.0, preferably 0.01 to 0.5, remains per triazine nucleus.
- the content of the imino group is preferably 0.01 to 0.5 per triazine core from the viewpoint of improving the appearance of the multilayer coating.
- a monohydric alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is used as the alcohol to be reacted with the methylol group introduced to melamine.
- examples of such alcohols include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol and the like.
- the alcohol used for the alkyl etherification reaction may be of one type, or two or more types in combination.
- alkyl etherification may be performed using two alcohols, such as methyl alcohol and butyl alcohol.
- the above methylolation reaction and alkyl etherification reaction can be carried out by known methods.
- it is preferable from the point of the coating film appearance at the time of forming a coating film that it is a system which used methyl alcohol or methyl alcohol and butyl alcohol together for alkyl etherification.
- the ratio of methyl groups / butyl groups in the alkyletherified portion is The molar ratio is preferably 50/50 to 100/0. If the ratio of methyl group / butyl group is less than 50/50, the appearance may be deteriorated when forming a coating.
- the ratio of methyl group / butyl group is more preferably 55/45 to 100/0, still more preferably 60/40 to 100/0.
- the alkyletherified melamine resin thus prepared having an average number of imino groups per triazine nucleus of less than 1.0, has a number average molecular weight of less than 1000.
- the number average molecular weight is preferably 300 to 900, and more preferably 300 to 700.
- the above-mentioned alkyl etherified melamine resin may be used alone, or other melamine resins described in detail below may be used in combination. It is particularly preferable that the content ratio of the alkyl etherified melamine resin to the other melamine resin is 10/90 to 45/55 when the alkyl etherified melamine resin and the other melamine resin are used in combination.
- melamine resin (B1) As the melamine resin (B1), other melamine resins may be used in addition to the above-mentioned alkyl etherified melamine resin.
- the type is not particularly limited, and any of methylol group type, imino group type and methylol / imino group type can be suitably used.
- “Cymel-303”, “Cymel 254”, “Yuvan 128”, “Yuvan 225”, “Yuvan 226”, “Yuvan 325”, “Yuvan 20N60”, etc. commercially available from Mitsui Cytech Co., Ltd., and Sumitomo Chemical The "Sumimar series" commercially available from
- the amount of the melamine resin (B1) contained in the coating composition according to the present disclosure is 10 parts by mass or more and 35 parts by mass or less, preferably 15 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content of the coating composition according to the present disclosure More than 30 parts by mass.
- a good appearance can be imparted to the coating film formed from the coating composition according to the present disclosure.
- good smoothness, sharpness and brightness of the coating can be obtained.
- favorable acid resistance, scratch resistance, and surface hardness can be provided to the coating film formed from the coating composition which concerns on this indication.
- the melamine resin (B1) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the resin solid content of 100 parts by mass of the coating composition according to the present disclosure refers to the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A), the melamine resin (B1) and the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) as described above.
- the coating composition according to the present disclosure includes the blocked isocyanate compound (D) in addition to the components (A) to (C), the total resin solid content of the component (A) to the component (D) is 100 mass Be part.
- the coating composition according to the present disclosure includes the blocked isocyanate compound (D) in addition to the components (A) to (C)
- the total resin solid content of the component (A) to the component (D) is 100 mass Be part.
- it describes as 100 mass parts of resin solid content it is the same unless there is particular notice.
- the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) is an isocyanate compound in which the isocyanate group contained in the compound is not blocked by a blocking agent. That is, it is an isocyanate compound which does not contain the block isocyanate compound (D) mentioned later.
- the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) is a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) and a half ester group-containing copolymer (C) It can be cured by reacting with the functional group contained in at least one of
- the coating composition according to the present disclosure can have an excellent appearance by having the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2), and can further form a coating film having acid resistance, hardness and scratch resistance.
- the baking temperature of the coating composition can be, for example, 100 ° C. or less, it can be applied to various substrates, and it is also advantageous from the viewpoint of energy saving.
- the coating composition according to the present disclosure may include both the melamine resin (B1) and the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2), and in another aspect, may also include the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) Good.
- the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) By containing the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2), the acid resistance, hardness and scratch resistance of the resulting coating can be further improved.
- the non-blocked isocyanate compound (B2) may include aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic group-containing aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanate compounds, and preferred examples thereof include diisocyanate, dimer of diisocyanate, diisocyanate And trimers thereof (preferably isocyanurate type isocyanate (so-called isocyanurate)) can be mentioned. Moreover, such a polyisocyanate compound may be of a so-called asymmetry type.
- diisocyanates those containing generally 5 to 24, preferably 5 to 18 carbon atoms can be used.
- diisocyanate for example, trimethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI), 2,2,4-trimethylhexane diisocyanate, undecane diisocyanate-(1, 11) Lysine ester diisocyanate, cyclohexane-1,3- and 1,4-diisocyanate, 1-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane (isophorone diisocyanate: IPDI), 4,4'-diisocyanate Natodicyclomethane, ⁇ , ⁇ '-dipropylether diisocyanate, thiodipropyl diisocyanate, cyclohexyl
- aromatic diisocyanates such as 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene and / or 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, and 1,4-diisocyanatoisopropylbenzene are also used.
- aromatic diisocyanates such as 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene and / or 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, and 1,4-diisocyanatoisopropylbenzene are also used.
- isocyanurate type isocyanate the trimer of the diisocyanate mentioned above can be mentioned.
- such a polyisocyanate compound can also be used individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- derivatives of polyisocyanate for example, various derivatives such as dimer, trimer, biuret, allophanate, carbodiimide, uretdione, uretimine, isocyanurate, iminooxadiazine dione and the like of the above-mentioned polyisocyanate compound can be mentioned.
- aliphatic diisocyanates, alicyclic diisocyanates and derivatives thereof are preferable from the viewpoint that the cured coating film is excellent in weather resistance and the like, and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI), pentamethylene diisocyanate , Derivatives of hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and derivatives of isophorone diisocyanate, and derivatives of dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (HMDI) and dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate are more preferred.
- HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
- PDI pentamethylene diisocyanate
- IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
- HMDI dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate
- the polyisocyanate compound used in the present invention is an isocyanurate type isocyanate compound. That is, in the present invention, the above-mentioned isocyanurate type isocyanate compound is combined with other aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic group-containing aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanate compounds (preferably the above-mentioned diisocyanate) as a mixture. It can also be used. In this case, the content ratio of the isocyanurate type isocyanate compound in the total amount of the polyisocyanate compound is preferably 60% by mass or more. By having such a relationship, a coating film having even better acid resistance can be obtained.
- the equivalent ratio (NCO / OH) of the hydroxyl group in the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) and the isocyanate group in the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) is the curability of the coating composition and the coating It is preferable that it is 0.5 or more and 2.0 or less from the point which is excellent in stability, for example, it is more preferable that it is 0.8 or more and 1.5 or less.
- the amount of the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) contained in the coating composition in the present disclosure is preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less, preferably 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content of the coating composition according to the present disclosure. 15 parts by mass or more and 45 parts by mass or less, for example, 20 parts by mass or more and 45 parts by mass or less.
- the content of the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) is in the above range, a good appearance can be imparted to the coating film formed from the coating composition according to the present disclosure. For example, good smoothness, sharpness and brightness of the coating can be obtained. Moreover, favorable acid resistance, scratch resistance, and surface hardness can be provided to the coating film formed from the coating composition which concerns on this indication.
- the non-blocked isocyanate compound (B2) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When using several unblocked isocyanate compound (B2), it can adjust suitably so that the total amount of unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) may become in the said range.
- the coating composition according to the present disclosure contains a melamine resin (B1) and an unblocked isocyanate compound (B2)
- the total amount of the melamine resin (B1) and the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) can be suitably adjusted to be 10 parts by mass or more and 55 parts by mass or less, for example, 15 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content of the coating composition according to the present disclosure.
- the resin solid content of 100 parts by mass of the coating composition according to the present disclosure is selected from the group consisting of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A), the melamine resin (B1) and the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) as described above.
- Component (A), the component (B1), the component (B2) and the component (C), the total resin solid content is 100 parts by mass when at least one of them and the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is contained Means to be.
- the coating composition in the present disclosure has a half ester group-containing copolymer which is a copolymer of a polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) having a half-esterified acid anhydride group and another copolymerizable monomer (b). Including coalescence (C), The polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) has an acid anhydride group half-esterified by a monoalcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, The total acid value of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is 5.0 mg KOH / g or more and 240 mg KOH / g or less.
- the composition in the present disclosure is a coating composition that is formed by including the specific half ester group-containing copolymer (C) according to the present disclosure, although it is a coating composition that includes the melamine resin (B1), An excellent coating film appearance, for example, smoothness, sharpness and brightness can be obtained, and moreover, excellent coating film properties such as excellent scratch resistance and acid resistance can be provided.
- the coating film formed is excellent in excellent coating film appearance, for example, smoothness, sharpness and brightness, In addition, it can have excellent coating physical properties such as excellent scratch resistance and acid resistance.
- the coating composition according to the present disclosure has an excellent coating appearance such as having good smoothness, sharpness and brightness, and is excellent in coating quality, for example, in which color reversion and the like are suppressed. It is possible to have physical properties, and it has become possible to have these technical effects in a well-balanced manner, which has conventionally been considered difficult. Moreover, in addition to maintaining such technical effects in a well-balanced manner, for example, a better coating film appearance can be provided as compared with conventional coating compositions.
- the total acid value of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) according to the present disclosure is 5.0 mg KOH / g or more and 240 mg KOH / g or less, and in one aspect, all of the half ester group containing copolymer (C) The acid value is 5.5 mg KOH / g or more and 240 mg KOH / g or less, and in another aspect, the total acid value of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is 10 mg KOH / g or more and 240 mg KOH / g.
- the smoothness, the image sharpness and the brightness are excellent, and furthermore, the excellent scratch resistance and the acid resistance, etc. Has excellent coating film properties.
- pencil hardness can indicate, for example, the hardness desired in automotive applications.
- the number average molecular weight of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is 1,000 or more and 10,500 or less, and in another aspect, the number average molecular weight of the half ester group containing copolymer (C) is 1,500
- the number average molecular weight of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is, for example, 2000 or more and 10000 or less. When the number average molecular weight of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is in such a range, a coating film having excellent smoothness, sharpness and brightness can be formed.
- the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is a copolymer of a polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) having a half-esterified acid anhydride group and another copolymerizable monomer (b) It is. Furthermore, the polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) which is a monomer which comprises a half-ester group containing copolymer (C) has an acid anhydride group half-esterified by C1 or more and 8 or less monoalcohol.
- the content of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is 3 parts by mass or more and 25 parts by mass or less, preferably 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content of the coating composition according to the present disclosure. 3 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less, for example, 3 parts by mass or more and 15 parts by mass or less.
- the present invention is achieved by using the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) in combination with at least one selected from the group consisting of the melamine resin (B1) and the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2).
- the coating film formed from the disclosed coating composition can be provided with more excellent sharpness, brightness and acid resistance.
- the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) may be used alone, or a plurality of half ester group-containing copolymers (C) may be used in combination.
- a coating film formed from the coating composition has excellent acid resistance and scratch resistance, and The color reversion can be remarkably suppressed, and for example, the effect of having excellent smoothness, sharpness and luster can be obtained.
- the ratio of the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) and the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) contained in the paint composition according to the present disclosure is a non-blocked isocyanate compound (solids mass ratio) B2) / half ester group-containing copolymer (C) may be 1/1 or less, for example, 1 / 0.001 to 1/1.
- the unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) / half ester group-containing copolymer (C) have a relationship within such a range, the coating film formed from the coating composition has acid resistance and scratch resistance ( Can be significantly suppressed, and for example, the effect of having excellent smoothness, sharpness and luster can be obtained.
- it contains together a melamine resin (B1) and an unblocked isocyanate compound (B2) it can have the said relationship.
- the polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) has a half-esterified acid anhydride group.
- the coating film formed from the coating composition according to the present disclosure can significantly suppress color reversion because the polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) has a half-esterified acid anhydride group, for example, excellent smoothness It can have sex, sharpness and luster.
- the polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) has a half-esterified acid anhydride group, it comprises a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A), a melamine resin (B1) and an unblocked isocyanate compound (B2).
- An interaction with the curing reaction with at least one selected from the group is obtained, and distortion caused by the curing reaction can be effectively suppressed, and color reversion can be suppressed. That is, it has an excellent coating film appearance and can have excellent coating film physical properties (for example, acid resistance, scratch resistance).
- the polymerizable unsaturated monomer having an acid anhydride group in the polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) having a half-esterified acid anhydride group is not particularly limited.
- maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, oxydiphthalic anhydride, naphthalene dicarboxylic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride and the like can be mentioned.
- at least one of maleic anhydride and itaconic anhydride can be suitably used.
- a polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) having a half-esterified acid anhydride group is obtained by reacting a monoalcohol with an acid anhydride group derived from a polymerizable unsaturated monomer unit having an acid anhydride group to form a half ester It can be prepared by The monoalcohol is a monoalcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the coating composition according to the present disclosure which comprises a polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) having an acid anhydride group half-esterified with such a carbon number monoalcohol, the resulting coated film is excellent It has a film appearance and can have excellent coating film physical properties (eg, acid resistance, scratch resistance).
- the coating composition according to the present disclosure can provide an environmentally friendly coating composition because half-esterification can be performed without using a substance having a large impact on the environment, such as decanol having 10 carbon atoms.
- the monoalcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is an organic compound having one hydroxyl group in one molecule, and examples thereof include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, and other alkanols; ethylene Monoalkyl ethers of alkylene glycols such as glycol monomethyl ether and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether; and dialkylaminoalkanols such as dimethylaminoethanol.
- the monoalcohol used for half esterification may have, for example, 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the obtained coating film can have an excellent coating film appearance, and can have excellent coating film physical properties (for example, acid resistance, scratch resistance).
- the number of acid anhydride groups obtained by half esterification is not particularly limited.
- half of the acid anhydride group in the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is half esterified by the half esterification reaction, and on average 0.5 to 3.0 in one molecule, Preferably, it can have 0.7 to 1.5 acid anhydride groups.
- the number of acid anhydride groups relative to the total number of acid anhydride groups and half ester groups is 4 with an average of 5 to 30, preferably 6 to 25 half ester groups in one molecule.
- a half ester group-containing copolymer (C) having a range of ⁇ 20%, preferably 5 to 15% may be prepared.
- the half esterification reaction can be carried out by reacting under normal conditions, for example, at a temperature of 60 to 150 ° C., for 2 to 7 hours, in an organic solvent inert to the reaction as appropriate.
- Another copolymerizable monomer (b) is a compound copolymerizable with the polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) having an acid anhydride group, and specifically, for example, methyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) Ethyl acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylate C1-C24 alkyl esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid such as lauryl, stearyl (meth) acrylate; vinyl aromatic compounds such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene; olefins such as ethylene and propylene; acrylonitrile, methacryl oxide
- the copolymerization ratio of the polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a) having a half-esterified acid anhydride group constituting the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) and the other copolymerizable monomer (b) is As long as the total acid value of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is 5.0 mg KOH / g or more and 240 mg KOH / g or less, it can be selected appropriately.
- the monomers (b) can be copolymerized in the range of 50 to 95% by weight, in particular 60 to 90% by weight, preferably 70 to 85% by weight.
- the paint composition of the present disclosure may further contain a blocked isocyanate compound (D).
- the blocked isocyanate compound (D) has an active methylene group in an aliphatic diisocyanate such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, a bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane, an alicyclic diisocyanate such as isophorone diisocyanate, and a nurate thereof. It can be prepared by addition reaction of block compounds such as compounds, ketone compounds or caprolactam compounds.
- the blocking agent is dissociated by heating to generate an isocyanate group, and the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A), the melamine resin (B1) and the non-containing are contained in the coating composition of the present disclosure. It can be cured by reacting with at least one selected from the group consisting of blocked isocyanate compounds (B2) and the functional group contained in at least one of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C).
- the blocked isocyanate compound (D) can be included in the composition according to the present disclosure in the aspect including the melamine resin (B1).
- the coating composition according to the present disclosure can have good curability by combining the melamine resin (B1) and the blocked isocyanate compound (D), and the formed coating film has an excellent coating film appearance, In particular, excellent sharpness can be exhibited.
- Examples of the compound having an active methylene group include active methylene compounds such as acetylacetone, ethyl acetoacetate and ethyl malonate.
- Examples of the ketone compound include methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone.
- Examples of caprolactam compounds include ⁇ -caprolactam and the like. Among these, a blocked isocyanate compound obtained by addition reaction of an active methylene compound or a ketone compound with hexamethylene diisocyanate or its nurate is more preferably used.
- the blocked isocyanate compound (D) include the Duranate (blocked hexamethylene diisocyanate) series manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corp., more specifically, for example, Duranate MF-K60X, which is an active methylene type blocked isocyanate, and Bayer Company company Sumijur BL3175, Death module BL3272 MPA, Death module BL3475 BA / SN, Death module BL3575 / 1 MPA / SN, Death module BL4265 SN, Death module BL5375 MPA / SN, Death module VP LS2078 / 2 and the like.
- Duranate blocked hexamethylene diisocyanate
- the blocked isocyanate compound (D) can be added as desired.
- the amount of the blocked isocyanate compound (D) is 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content of the coating composition according to the present disclosure.
- the content is not less than 15 parts by mass, preferably not less than 3 parts by mass and not more than 15 parts by mass, and for example, not less than 5 parts by mass and not more than 13 parts by mass.
- 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content means 100 parts by mass of the total of resin solids of the component (D) from the resin component (A).
- 100 parts by mass of resin solid content it is the same unless there is particular notice.
- the coating composition of the present disclosure comprises a particulate additive (E), wherein the particulate additive (E) comprises the group consisting of an organic-inorganic hybrid polymer dispersion, inorganic particles and organic resin-coated inorganic particles It contains at least one selected.
- the particulate additive (E) comprises the group consisting of an organic-inorganic hybrid polymer dispersion, inorganic particles and organic resin-coated inorganic particles It contains at least one selected.
- the organic-inorganic hybrid polymer dispersion, the inorganic particles and the organic resin-coated inorganic particles can use known particles.
- the organic-inorganic hybrid polymer may contain, for example, a silicone oligomer and a silane compound as an inorganic component. Furthermore, a radically polymerizable unsaturated monomer may be contained as an organic component.
- inorganic particles and organic resin-coated inorganic particles can also be used.
- it may contain silica particles, acrylic resin-coated silica particles, and the like.
- etc. By Aerosil Co., Ltd. can be included as an inorganic particle.
- organic resin-coated inorganic particles BYK NANOBYK-3652, 361, 3650, Merck's Tivida AS1010, etc. may be included.
- the average particle diameter of the particulate additive (E) is 10 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, for example, 20 nm or more and 300 nm or less. By having such a size, a coating film having a good appearance can be formed, and furthermore, a coating film having better scratch resistance can be obtained.
- the average particle size can be measured by a known method. For example, measurement can be performed using a dynamic light scattering type particle size distribution measuring apparatus, a laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring apparatus, or the like.
- particulate additives (E) can be added as desired.
- the amount of the particulate additive (E) is 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content of the coating composition according to the present disclosure, 0.5 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less, preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more and 8 parts by mass or less, for example, 0.8 parts by mass or more and 7 parts by mass or less.
- the coating composition of the present disclosure contains the particulate additive (E) within such a range, a coating film having a good appearance can be formed, and further, a coating film having better scratch resistance is obtained. You can get it.
- the paint composition according to the present disclosure is, for example, a color pigment, an extender, a modifier, a leveling agent, a dispersant, an antifoamer, and the like, as long as the design of the base is not impaired.
- Additives can be formulated.
- known curing catalysts may be included as long as the properties of the components included in the coating composition according to the present disclosure are not impaired.
- a viscosity control agent is added to the coating composition.
- the viscosity control agent those generally exhibiting thixotropic properties can be used. For example, as such a thing, a conventionally well-known thing can be used.
- the coating composition of the present invention can be used as a clear coating composition, and in this aspect, the above-mentioned and other properties are not impaired as long as the properties required of the clear coating are not impaired.
- the paint composition of the present disclosure can be used, for example, as a clear paint composition.
- a clear paint composition containing a melamine resin
- the method for forming a multilayer coating film of the present invention includes the step of applying a coating composition according to the present disclosure to a substrate to form a coating film.
- a base coating film can be formed on a substrate on which a base coating film has been formed, and the coating composition according to the present invention can be further coated thereon to form a multilayer coating film.
- the object to be coated may be previously subjected to a degreasing treatment or a chemical conversion treatment (such as a conversion treatment with a phosphate or zirconium salt etc.) ), And then a base coating composition such as a known electrodeposition coating composition may be applied to form a cured coating.
- a degreasing treatment or a chemical conversion treatment such as a conversion treatment with a phosphate or zirconium salt etc.
- the present disclosure further provides a method of forming a multilayer coating.
- the method for forming a multilayer coating film according to the present disclosure forms a middle coat film or an uncured middle coat film obtained by applying a middle coat paint composition to a substrate and curing it.
- the paint composition according to the present invention may be used as a clear paint composition.
- a base coating composition is coated on a substrate (substrate) on which a base coating film has been formed, and a base coating or an uncured base coating composition is applied.
- the process of forming a film, and the process of painting the coating composition which concerns on this indication, and forming a coating film are included.
- the present disclosure provides an intermediate coating film forming step of applying an intermediate coating composition to a substrate to form an uncured intermediate coating film, the obtained uncured intermediate coating described above
- the base coating composition is applied onto the coating to form an uncured base coating, a base coating forming step, and the coating composition according to the present disclosure on the uncured base coating It has the process of painting and forming a coating film.
- the method of forming a multilayer coating film of the present disclosure is provided on a substrate (substrate) on which an undercoating film has been formed, Coating an intermediate coating composition to form an uncured intermediate coating film, coating the base coating composition on the uncured intermediate coating film to form an uncured base coating film And a step of applying a coating composition according to the present disclosure to form a coating.
- a paint composition usually used in the technical field for example, a water type paint composition, a solvent type paint composition, etc. may be used.
- a paint composition usually used in the technical field for example, a water type paint composition, a solvent type paint composition, etc.
- Various coatings used in the art may be provided.
- a paint composition usually used in the technical field for example, a metallic base paint composition, a color base paint composition, etc.
- various coatings used in the art are provided between the substrate and the base coating, between the base coating and the coating formed from the coating composition according to the present disclosure. It is also good.
- the base coating composition, the coating composition for forming the other coating film and the like may be a solvent type coating composition or an aqueous type coating composition.
- the clear coating composition can be applied sequentially by wet on wet, and then the coating formation can be carried out by a two coat 1 bake method, wherein these coatings are simultaneously cured.
- the present invention can also be applied to a two-coat, two-bake coating method in which the base coating composition is coated and cured on a substrate on which a base coating film has been formed and then the clear coating composition is coated and cured.
- the glitter base paint composition and the paint composition according to the present invention for example, the clear paint composition
- Multilayer coating formation can be carried out by the method of 3 coat 2 bake, which is wet coated and then these coatings are cured simultaneously.
- a base paint composition is applied onto a substrate, and then a glitter base paint composition is applied wet-on-wet, and the paint composition according to the present invention, for example, a clear paint composition
- a paint composition according to the present invention for example, a clear paint composition
- An object can be coated by wet on wet, and a multilayer coating film can be formed by the 3-coat 1-bake coating method in which three layers are simultaneously cured.
- the intermediate coating composition is applied onto the substrate, and then the base coating composition is applied wet-on-wet, and the coating composition according to the present invention, for example, a clear coating composition
- the coating composition according to the present invention for example, a clear coating composition
- An object can be coated by wet on wet, and a multilayer coating film can be formed by the 3-coat 1-bake coating method in which three layers are simultaneously cured.
- a multilayer coating film can be formed by a coating method according to the present invention, for example, a clear coating composition, which is applied by wet on wet and then simultaneously cured.
- a substrate on which a base coating film generally used in the art is formed may be used as a substrate.
- the above coating method of the base coating composition is, for example, in the case of coating on an automobile body or the like, multistage coating by air electrostatic spray coating in order to enhance designability, preferably coating in two stages, or air It is a coating method that combines electrostatic spray coating and a rotary atomization type electrostatic coater called " ⁇ (micro micro) bell", “ ⁇ (micro) bell” or “metabell” etc. preferable.
- the dry film thickness of the intermediate coating film formed by the application of the intermediate coating composition changes depending on the desired application, but in many cases, the lower limit is preferably 10 ⁇ m and the upper limit is 50 ⁇ m.
- the process proceeds to, for example, a step of applying a base paint composition without heat curing.
- a step of applying a base paint composition without heat curing.
- heating is performed at a temperature lower than that used in the heat curing (baking) treatment, for example, 40 to 100 ° C. for 1 to 10 minutes.
- a preheating step of volatilizing a solvent such as water may be performed.
- the dry film thickness of the base coating film formed by the application of the above base coating composition varies depending on the desired application, but in many cases, the lower limit of 5 ⁇ m and the upper limit of 30 ⁇ m are preferred.
- the impact thickness of the base coating film By setting the impact thickness of the base coating film to the above range, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of film breakage because the base can not be concealed, and it is possible to prevent problems such as flow during coating.
- the process proceeds to the step of applying the paint composition of the present invention, for example, a clear paint composition, without heat curing.
- the paint composition of the present invention for example, a clear paint composition
- heating is performed at a temperature lower than that used in the heat curing (baking) treatment, for example, 40 to 100 ° C. for 1 to 10 minutes.
- a preheating step of volatilizing a solvent such as water may be performed.
- the lower limit of 20 ⁇ m and the upper limit of 70 ⁇ m of the dry film thickness of the coating film formed by the coating composition of the present disclosure are preferable. If it is less than 20 ⁇ m, there is a possibility that the concealing of the unevenness of the base is insufficient. If it exceeds 70 ⁇ m, problems such as popping or sagging may occur during coating.
- the lower limit of the dry film thickness is more preferably 25 ⁇ m, and the upper limit of the dry film thickness is more preferably 60 ⁇ m.
- the curing temperature is preferably a lower limit of 100 ° C. and an upper limit of 180 ° C. If the temperature is less than 100 ° C., curing may be insufficient. If it exceeds 180 ° C., the coating may become hard and brittle.
- the lower limit is more preferably 120 ° C. and the upper limit is more preferably 160 ° C. in that a cured coating film having a high degree of crosslinking can be obtained.
- the curing time varies depending on the curing temperature, but in the case of 120 to 160 ° C., 10 to 30 minutes is preferable.
- Production Example A1 Production of hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A1) 600 parts of "normal butyl acetate” was charged into a 3-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a condenser, and a nitrogen gas inlet, under nitrogen gas ventilation. The temperature was raised to 125.degree. After reaching 125 ° C., stop the nitrogen gas flow, and take the following monomer mixture 1 of the composition consisting of monomer, solvent and polymerization initiator (p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate) for 3 hours Dripped.
- monomer mixture 1 consisting of monomer, solvent and polymerization initiator (p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate) for 3 hours Dripped.
- Production Example A1-2 Production of hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A1-2) 600 parts of "normal butyl acetate” was charged in 3 liters of a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a condenser, and a nitrogen gas inlet. The temperature was raised to 125 ° C. under nitrogen gas flow. After reaching 125 ° C., stop the flow of nitrogen gas, and mix the following monomer mixture 1-2 of the composition comprising the monomer, the solvent and the polymerization initiator (p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate), 3 It dripped over time.
- the polymerization initiator p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate
- Production Example A2 Production of hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A2) 600 parts of "normal butyl acetate” was charged into a 3-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a condenser, and a nitrogen gas inlet, and nitrogen gas was ventilated. The temperature was raised to 125.degree. After reaching 125 ° C., stop the nitrogen gas flow, and take the following monomer mixture 2 of the composition consisting of the monomer, the solvent and the polymerization initiator (p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate) for 3 hours. Dripped.
- A2 Production of hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A2) 600 parts of "normal butyl acetate” was charged into a 3-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a condenser, and a nitrogen gas inlet, and nitrogen gas was ventilated. The temperature was raised to 125.degree. After reaching
- hydroxyl-containing resin (A2) had a number average molecular weight of about 4,000, a solid content hydroxyl value of 200 mg KOH / g, and a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 0 ° C.
- Production Example A3-2 Production of hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A3-2) 600 parts of "normal butyl acetate” is charged in 3 liters of a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a condenser, and a nitrogen gas inlet. The temperature was raised to 125 ° C. under nitrogen gas flow. After reaching 125 ° C., stop the flow of nitrogen gas, and mix the following monomer mixture 3-2 of the composition comprising the monomer, the solvent and the polymerization initiator (p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate), 3 It dripped over time.
- the polymerization initiator p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate
- Melamine resin (B1-1) As the melamine resin (B1-1), an imino type melamine resin (manufactured by Saimel 254 Ornex) was used.
- Melamine resin (B1-2) As the melamine resin (B1-2), a full alkyl type melamine resin (manufactured by Saimel 303 Ornex) was used.
- Production Example C1 Production of a Half-Ester Group-Containing Copolymer (C1) 800 parts of "Solvesso 100J" were charged into a 3-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a condenser, and a nitrogen gas inlet. The temperature was raised to 125 ° C. under aeration. After reaching 125 ° C., stop the nitrogen gas flow, and take the following monomer mixture 1 of the composition comprising the monomer, the solvent and the polymerization initiator (p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate) for 4 hours. Dripped.
- p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate
- Production Example C 2 Production of Half-Ester Group-Containing Copolymer (C2) 800 parts of “Solvesso 100 J” are charged into a 3-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a condenser, and a nitrogen gas inlet. The temperature was raised to 125 ° C. under aeration. After reaching 125 ° C., stop the nitrogen gas flow, and take the following monomer mixture 2 of the composition consisting of the monomer, solvent and polymerization initiator (p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate) for 4 hours. Dripped.
- C2 Production of Half-Ester Group-Containing Copolymer (C2) 800 parts of “Solvesso 100 J” are charged into a 3-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a condenser, and a nitrogen gas inlet. The temperature was raised to 125 ° C.
- Production Example C 5 Production of Half-Ester Group-Containing Copolymer (C5)
- a stirrer, a thermometer, a condenser, and a three-necked four-necked flask equipped with a condenser and a nitrogen gas inlet were charged with 800 parts of Solvesso 100J.
- the temperature was raised to 125 ° C. under aeration. After reaching 125 ° C., stop the nitrogen gas flow, and take the following monomer mixture 5 of the composition comprising the monomer, the solvent and the polymerization initiator (p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate) for 4 hours. Dripped.
- Production Example C 6 Production of Half-Ester Group-Containing Copolymer (C6) A stirrer, a thermometer, a cooling pipe, and a three-necked four-necked flask equipped with a nitrogen gas inlet were charged with 800 parts of Solvesso 100J. The temperature was raised to 125 ° C. under aeration. After reaching 125 ° C., stop the nitrogen gas flow and apply the following monomer mixture 6 of the composition consisting of the monomer, the solvent and the polymerization initiator (p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate) for 4 hours. Dripped.
- the polymerization initiator p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate
- Production Example C 8 Production of Half-Ester Group-Containing Copolymer (C8) 800 parts of “Solvesso 100 J” are charged in 3 liters of a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a condenser, and a nitrogen gas inlet. The temperature was raised to 125 ° C. under aeration. After reaching 125 ° C., stop the nitrogen gas flow and apply the following monomer mixture 8 of the composition consisting of the monomer, the solvent and the polymerization initiator (p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate) for 4 hours. Dripped.
- the polymerization initiator p-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate
- Organic-inorganic hybrid polymer dispersion (E1) was prepared according to the following method.
- a silicone oligomer 8 parts of KR-500 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) which is a methyl methoxy silicone oligomer, and as a hydrolyzable silane compound, 15.0 parts of dimethyldimethoxysilane, 20 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane 36 parts, 1 part of ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 2.0 parts of methyl methacrylate, 3.6 parts of styrene and 4.4 parts of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate as radically polymerizable unsaturated monomers After stirring and mixing, 17 parts of polyoxyalkylene alkene ether ammonium sulfate (Latemul PD-104, manufactured by Kao Corporation) and 36 parts of
- the temperature in the reaction vessel was maintained at 80 ° C. for 1 hour.
- 25% aqueous ammonia was added to adjust the pH of the reaction site to 9.75, and then the temperature was raised to 84 ° C., and the condensation reaction was allowed to proceed for 5 hours.
- the obtained emulsion aqueous solution was cooled to 40 ° C., 14 parts of water was added, and then the replicated methanol was distilled off under reduced pressure conditions.
- polyoxyalkylene alkene ether ammonium sulfate (Latemul PD-104, manufactured by Kao Corporation) as an emulsifier. 1.9 parts and 4.1 parts of water were added, and stirred for 15 minutes at room temperature using a homomixer to obtain a second pre-reacted emulsified mixture. After adjusting the temperature to 80 ° C., 16 parts of the second pre-reacted emulsified mixture and 2.7 parts of a 1.5% aqueous solution of ammonium persulfate were simultaneously added dropwise over 2 hours from separate dropping funnels.
- the temperature in the reaction vessel was maintained at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, and then cooled to 30 ° C. to obtain 198.4 parts of a core-shell type acrylic silicone resin emulsion.
- the obtained emulsion had a solid content of 39.3% and an average particle size of 160 nm.
- 198.4 parts of the obtained emulsion and 600 parts of butyl acetate were added to a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer. 404.6 parts of a mixture of water and butyl acetate was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- the water content of the obtained particle dispersion was 220 ppm, and the solid content was 19.8%.
- Inorganic particles (E2) AEROSIL R 805 manufactured by Aerosil Co., Ltd. was used as the inorganic particles (E2).
- Organic resin-coated inorganic particles (E3) As the organic resin-coated inorganic particles (E3), NANOBYK-3652 manufactured by BYK Co. was used.
- Example 1 to 19 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 Examples and Comparative Examples Containing Melamine Resin (B1)
- the respective components are mixed and stirred with a disper to obtain clear paint compositions of Examples 1 to 19 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6.
- a clear coating composition whose viscosity is adjusted is air-spray coated to a dry film thickness of 40 ⁇ m to form an uncured clear coating film, and after setting for 7 minutes, bake and cure for 25 minutes at 140 ° C., A multilayer coating was formed. The below-mentioned evaluation was performed about each obtained coating film for a test.
- Comparative example 7 For Comparative Example 7, it was tried to mix each component according to the composition shown in Table 16. However, as described above, the clear coating composition could not be prepared because it gelled during preparation of the copolymer (C10).
- the evaluation of the sharpness of the obtained coating film is performed using Wavescan II (a surface roughness measuring device manufactured by Bick Chemie Co., Ltd.), and among the values obtained, the DOI which is the evaluation value of the sharpness of the coating film is as follows: Evaluated on the basis of (Evaluation of sharpness) ((Very good): The DOI value exceeded 80. ⁇ (Good): The DOI value was over 75 and under 80 (slightly inferior): The DOI value was over 70 and 75 or less. X (defect): The DOI value was 70 or less.
- the gloss at an angle of 20 ° to the coating surface of the test area and the untested area is measured with a micro-tri-gloss (gloss meter manufactured by Bick Chemie), and the percentage of the quotient of untested area to test area is abrasion
- the scratch resistance was evaluated as the gloss retention by the above. ((Very good scratch resistance): gloss retention 85% or more ⁇ (good scratch resistance): gloss retention 75% or more and less than 85% ⁇ (scratch resistance slightly weak): gloss Retention rate is 65% or more and less than 75% x (weak scratch resistance): Gloss retention rate is less than 65%
- the load was applied so that a load of 900 g was applied, and the surface of the coating obtained was abraded for 10 cycles with a speed of 40 cycles of 1 minute with a stroke length of 10 cm.
- the gloss at an angle of 20 ° to the coating surface of the test area and the untested area is measured with a micro-tri-gloss (gloss meter manufactured by Bick Chemie), and the quotient of the untested area to the test area is the abrasion test
- the scratch resistance was evaluated as the gloss retention by the above. In addition, this test is a test which made the test conditions of the said scratch resistance more severe.
- the present disclosure can provide a coating composition that has a good coating film appearance and design, and can form a coating film having a well-balanced coating film property such as scratch resistance. For example, it has excellent smoothness, sharpness and brightness, as well as excellent acid resistance and scratch resistance.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 3 since the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) according to the present invention was not contained, in particular, a coating film inferior in smoothness, sharpness, brightness and acid resistance was obtained. .
- Comparative Example 4 since the total acid value of the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is out of the range of the present invention, a coating film having significantly inferior brightness, acid resistance and scratch resistance was obtained.
- Comparative Example 5 the carbon number of the alcohol used for half esterification in the half ester group-containing copolymer (C) is out of the range of the present invention and is inferior in luster, and furthermore, the acid resistance and scratch resistance are remarkably An inferior coating was obtained.
- Comparative Example 6 since half esterification was not performed, smoothness, sharpness and brightness were remarkably inferior, and a coating film having inferior scratch resistance was obtained.
- Comparative Example 7 the clear paint composition could not be prepared because it gelled during preparation of the copolymer (C10).
- Comparative Example 8 Similarly, as Comparative Example 8, in the copolymer prepared in Production Example C1, preparation of a copolymer was tried using a polyol (trimethylolpropane). However, it gelled during preparation and could not prepare a paint composition.
- a polyol trimethylolpropane
- Example 20 to 29, Comparative Examples 9 to 14 Examples and Comparative Examples Containing Unblocked Isocyanate Curing Agent (B2)
- B2 A multilayer coating film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the respective components were mixed according to the composition shown in Table 17. The above-mentioned evaluation was performed about each obtained coating film for a test.
- the present disclosure can provide a coating composition that has a good coating film appearance and design, and can form a coating film having a well-balanced coating film property such as scratch resistance. For example, it has excellent smoothness, sharpness and brightness, as well as excellent acid resistance and scratch resistance. In addition, the present disclosure can form a coating film having higher scratch resistance, that is, excellent scratch resistance.
- Comparative Examples 9 to 13 since the predetermined half ester group-containing copolymer (C) according to the present invention is not contained, a coating film which is particularly inferior in smoothness, sharpness, brightness and acid resistance can be obtained.
- Comparative Example 10 when the half ester group-containing copolymer deviating from the predetermined physical property values according to the present disclosure is added, the brightness, the acid resistance, the scratch resistance and the high scratch resistance are significantly inferior. A coating was obtained.
- a coating composition which has a good coating film appearance and design and can form a coating film having well-balanced coating film properties such as scratch resistance. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method of forming a multilayer coating, which comprises forming a coating using the coating composition of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
また、近年、塗膜においては、優れた外観及び意匠を有することに加え、所望の硬度など、優れた塗膜性能を有することが要求されている。
より詳細には、特許文献1には、(A)数平均分子量1,000~30,000、ガラス転移温度-10~70℃、溶解性パラメータ(sp値)9.5~12.5、酸価50mgKOH/g未満の水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂30~80重量部、(B)数平均分子量400~5,000、ガラス転移温度-10~70℃、酸価50~400mgKOH/gの高酸価ポリエステル10~50重量部及び(C)メラミン樹脂硬化剤10~40重量部からなる樹脂成分100重量部に対して、(D)酸触媒を酸量として、0.01~5重量部含有することを特徴とするクリヤー塗料組成物、が開示されている(引用文献1の請求項1参照)。
このような目的を有する特許文献2には、(A)スチレンを構成モノマー成分中に15~60重量%含有する数平均分子量10,000~500,000、ガラス転移温度が-10~70℃の水酸基含有アクリル樹脂30~70重量部、(B)数平均分子量400~5,000、ガラス転移温度-10~70℃、酸価50~400mgKOH/gの高酸価ポリエステル10~50重量部及び(C)メラミン樹脂硬化剤10~40重量部を含有し、かつ(A)、(B)及び(C)成分の合計量が100重量部であることを特徴とするクリヤー塗料組成物が開示されている(引用文献2の請求項1参照)。
更に、メラミン樹脂と可塑剤の配合量を調整し、耐傷付性および耐酸性などの塗膜物性の向上を試みると、色戻りが生じるなど、所望の塗膜外観を得ることができなかった。
[1]水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)、
メラミン樹脂(B1)および非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種、ならびに
ハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー(a)と他の共重合性モノマー(b)との共重合体であるハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)
を含み、
重合性不飽和モノマー(a)は、炭素数1以上8以下のモノアルコールによりハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有し、ならびに
ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の全酸価は、5.0mgKOH/g以上240mgKOH/g以下である、塗料組成物。
[2]ある態様において、ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の数平均分子量が1000以上10500以下である上記塗料組成物。
[3]ある態様において、さらにブロックイソシアネート化合物(D)を含む上記塗料組成物。
[4]ある態様において、ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の酸価は、10mgKOH/g以上240mgKOH/g以下である、上記塗料組成物。
[5]ある態様において、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)の水酸基価が60mgKOH/g以上200mgKOH/g以下である、上記塗料組成物。
[6]ある態様において、ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の含有量が、前記塗料組成物の樹脂固形分100質量部に対して、3質量部以上25質量部以下である、上記塗料組成物。
[7]ある態様において、前記塗料組成物に含まれる、メラミン樹脂(B1)およびハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の比率は、固形分質量比として、メラミン樹脂(B1)/ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)=1/0.1~1/1である、上記塗料組成物。
[8]ある態様において、さらに、有機無機ハイブリッドポリマー分散体、無機粒子及び有機樹脂被覆無機粒子からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む粒子状添加剤(E)を有する、上記塗料組成物。
[9]ある態様において、前記粒子状添加剤(E)の平均粒子径が10nm以上1000nm以下である、上記塗料組成物。
[10]ある態様において、前記塗料組成物がクリヤー塗料組成物である、上記塗料組成物。
[11]ある態様において、被塗物に、ベース塗料組成物を塗装し、ベース塗膜または未硬化のベース塗膜を形成する工程、および
上記塗料組成物を、前記ベース塗膜の上または前記未硬化のベース塗膜の上に塗装し、塗膜を形成する工程を有する、複層塗膜の形成方法。
[12]ある態様において、被塗物に、中塗り塗料組成物を塗装し、中塗り塗膜または未硬化の中塗り塗膜を形成する工程、得られた前記中塗り塗膜または前記未硬化の中塗り塗膜の上に、ベース塗料組成物を塗装し、ベース塗膜または未硬化のベース塗膜を形成する工程、ならびに
上記塗料組成物を、前記ベース塗膜の上または前記未硬化のベース塗膜の上に塗装し、塗膜を形成する工程を有する、複層塗膜の形成方法。
近年、酸/エポキシ熱硬化型塗料組成物(以下、「酸エポ系塗料組成物」と記載するが使用されている。酸エポ系塗料組成物は、塗膜外観および塗膜物性に優れた塗膜を形成できるなどの利点を有している。しかし、このような塗料組成物はコストが高く、また、環境負荷に関する工業的な基準は満たしているが、エポキシ成分の使用規制が求められる可能性も依然として生じている。
さらに、酸エポ系塗料組成物は、比較的、長期間の貯蔵には不向きで有るといった性質を有している。
また、例えば、非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物を含む塗料組成物であれば、上記のようなエポキシ成分の使用規制の問題も回避でき、さらに、より良好な貯蔵安定性を有することができる。
メラミン樹脂および非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む塗料組成物から塗膜を形成すると、一般的に、耐熱性及び耐水性を有し、更に、良好な塗膜硬度が得られる。
このようなメラミン樹脂および非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む塗料組成物において、上述のように、例えば、メラミン樹脂および非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種と、可塑剤の配合量を調整することにより、一般的に、形成される塗膜外観の向上が得られる場合と、耐傷付性および耐酸性などの塗膜物性の向上が得られる場合がある。
したがって、メラミン樹脂および非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む塗料組成物においては、形成される塗膜外観の向上と、耐傷付性および耐酸性などの塗膜物性の向上は相反する傾向があり、このような問題を解決する塗料組成物が要求されている。
また、非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)を含むことにより、上記特徴に加えて、耐酸性、硬度及び耐傷付性を更に向上させることができる。例えば、非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)を含むことにより、耐洗車擦り傷性を更に向上させることが可能である。
本発明の塗料組成物は、メラミン樹脂と、非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物とを含んでもよい。この組合せにより、上記メラミン樹脂と、非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物により奏される効果を示し得る。その上、より優れた塗膜外観を得ることができる。
さらに、本発明の塗料組成物を用いる複層塗膜の形成方法であれば、このような技術効果を有する塗膜を形成できる。
水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)、
メラミン樹脂(B1)および非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種、ならびに
ハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー(a)と他の共重合性モノマー(b)との共重合体であるハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)
を含み、
重合性不飽和モノマー(a)は、炭素数1以上8以下のモノアルコールによりハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有し、ならびに
ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の全酸価は、5.0mgKOH/g以上240mgKOH/g以下である、塗料組成物である。
水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)、
非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)、ならびに
ハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー(a)と他の共重合性モノマー(b)との共重合体であるハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)
を含み、
重合性不飽和モノマー(a)は、炭素数1以上8以下のモノアルコールによりハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有し、ならびに
ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の全酸価は、5.0mgKOH/g以上240mgKOH/g以下である。
以下、本開示における塗料組成物をより詳細に説明する。
本発明に係る塗料組成物に含まれる水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)は、水酸基価(OHV)が60mgKOH/g以上200mgKOH/g以下であり、ある態様においては、65mgKOH/g以上200mgKOH/g以下であり、別の態様においては、70mgKOH/g以上200mgKOH/g以下である。
水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)の水酸基価が、このような範囲であることにより、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂の架橋を充分に行える。さらに、塗料組成物を、被塗物、ある態様においてはベース塗膜上に塗装し、形成した塗膜に対して、良好な耐溶剤性および耐候性を付与できる。加えて、本開示における塗料組成物から形成した塗膜に良好な耐水性を付与できる。
水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)は、好ましくは、数平均分子量(Mn)は1500以上10000以下、ある態様においては、1500以上8000以下、別の態様においては1800以上7000以下である。
水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)の数平均分子量(Mn)がこのような範囲内であることにより、本開示に係る塗料組成物を、被塗物、ある態様においてはベース塗膜上に塗装したときに、当該塗料組成物とベース塗膜(下層)とのウェットオンウェットによる混相を抑制でき、塗料組成物をベース塗膜上に塗装して形成した塗膜の外観(仕上がり外観)を、良好にすることができる。
さらに、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)の数平均分子量(Mn)がこのような範囲内であることにより、本開示の塗料組成物を被塗物、ある態様においてはベース塗膜上に塗装するときの粘度(塗装時粘度)の上昇を抑制でき、本開示の塗料組成物から形成された塗膜の外観(仕上がり外観)を良好にすることができる。
さらに、本開示の塗料組成物の塗装に適した粘度を保持できるので、溶剤による希釈を抑制できる。
本開示における数平均分子量(Mn)は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーを用いたスチレンホモポリマー換算の数平均分子量を意味する。
水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)のガラス転移温度が上記範囲内であることにより、本開示の塗料組成物から形成された塗膜の硬度を高く維持できる。また、本開示の塗料組成物を被塗物、ある態様においてはベース塗膜上に塗装するときの粘度(塗装時粘度)の上昇を抑制でき、本開示の塗料組成物から形成された塗膜の外観(仕上がり外観)を良好にすることができる。さらに、本開示の塗料組成物の塗装に適した粘度を保持できるので、溶剤による希釈を抑制できる。
本開示にいて、ガラス転移温度(Tg)の測定は、既知の方法により測定できる。
ここで、本開示に係る塗料組成物の樹脂固形分100質量部とは、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)と、メラミン樹脂(B1)及び非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種と、ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)とを含む場合、成分(A)、成分(B1)、成分(B2)および成分(C)の樹脂固形分の合計が100質量部であることを意味する。
別の態様において、本開示に係る塗料組成物が、上記成分(A)から(C)に加えて、ブロックイソシアネート化合物(D)を含む場合、成分(A)から成分(D)の樹脂固形分の合計を100質量部とする。以下においても、樹脂固形分100質量部と記載する場合、特に断りのない限り、同様である。また、特に記載のない限り、成分(B)の合計は、成分(B1)および成分(B2)の合計量を意味する。
メラミン樹脂(B1)は、一般的に、メラミンとアルデヒドから合成される熱硬化性の樹脂を意味し、トリアジン核1分子中に3つの反応性官能基-NX1X2を有している。メラミン樹脂としては、反応性官能基として-N-(CH2OR)2〔Rはアルキル基、以下同じ〕を含む完全アルキル型;反応性官能基として-N-(CH2OR)(CH2OH)を含むメチロール基型;反応性官能基として-N-(CH2OR)(H)を含むイミノ基型;反応性官能基として、-N-(CH2OR)(CH2OH)と-N-(CH2OR)(H)とを含む、あるいは-N-(CH2OH)(H)を含むメチロール/イミノ基型の4種類を例示することができる。
本開示における塗料組成物がメラミン樹脂(B1)を有することにより、塗料組成物から形成された塗膜は、耐衝撃性に優れ、優れた外観を有することができる。
本開示においては、メラミン樹脂は特に限定されず、本開示に係る塗料組成物は、例えば、後述のアルキルエーテル化メラミン樹脂であってもよく、市販されているメラミン樹脂を含んでもよい。
ある態様において、メラミン樹脂(B1)は、アルキルエーテル化メラミン樹脂を含んでもよい。例えば、該樹脂におけるトリアジン核1個あたりのイミノ基の数が平均で1.0個未満であり、数平均分子量が1000未満であるアルキルエーテル化メラミン樹脂を含んでもよい。
トリアジン核1個あたりのイミノ基の数が平均で1.0個未満である場合、好ましくは、イミノ基の数が平均で0.01以上0.3以下であり、好ましくは、数平均分子量は300~900である。
別の態様においては、該樹脂におけるトリアジン核1個あたりのイミノ基の数が平均で1.0個以上、数平均分子量が300~2500のアルキルエーテル化メラミン樹脂であってもよい。ある態様においては、イミノ基の含有量はトリアジン核1個当たり1.2~2.5個である。トリアジン核1個あたりのイミノ基の数が平均で1.0個以上である場合、数平均分子量は400~1200であるのがより好ましく、500~1100であるのがさらに好ましい。
このような特徴を有するアルキルエーテル化メラミン樹脂であれば、塗膜形成した場合の硬化性を良好に保つことができ、その上、良好な塗膜外観を得ることができる。
なお本明細書内において、数平均分子量は、GPC(ゲルパーミィエーションクロマトグラム)により測定し、ポリスチレンポリマー分子量に換算した値を用いている。
上記アルキルエーテル化メラミン樹脂とその他のメラミン樹脂を併用する場合における、上記アルキルエーテル化メラミン樹脂とその他のメラミン樹脂の含有比は、10/90~45/55であることが特に好ましい。
メラミン樹脂(B1)は、上記アルキルエーテル化メラミン樹脂の他に、その他のメラミン樹脂を併用してもよい。その種類は特に限定されることなく、メチロール基型、イミノ基型、メチロール/イミノ基型のいずれでも好適に用いることができる。例えば三井サイテック社から市販されている「サイメル-303」、「サイメル254」、「ユーバン128」、「ユーバン225」、「ユーバン226」、「ユーバン325」、「ユーバン20N60」など、および、住友化学社から市販されている「スミマールシリーズ」などが挙げられる。
メラミン樹脂(B1)の含有量が上記範囲内であることにより、本開示に係る塗料組成物から形成される塗膜に良好な外観を付与できる。例えば、塗膜の良好な平滑性、鮮映性、および光輝性を得ることができる。また、本開示に係る塗料組成物から形成される塗膜に良好な耐酸性、耐傷付性、表面硬度をもたらすことができる。
メラミン樹脂(B1)は単独で用いてもよく、複数を組み合わせてもよい。複数のメラミン樹脂(B1)を用いる場合、メラミン樹脂(B1)の合計量が、上記範囲内となるよう、適宜調整できる。
ここで、本開示に係る塗料組成物の樹脂固形分100質量部とは、上述のように水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)とメラミン樹脂(B1)とハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)とを含む場合、成分(A)から成分(C)の樹脂固形分の合計が100質量部であることを意味する。
本開示に係る塗料組成物が、上記成分(A)から(C)に加えて、ブロックイソシアネート化合物(D)を含む場合、成分(A)から成分(D)の樹脂固形分の合計を100質量部とする。以下においても、樹脂固形分100質量部と記載する場合、特に断りのない限り、同様である。
非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)は、化合物に含まれるイソシアネート基をブロック剤でブロックしていないイソシアネート化合物である。すなわち、後述するブロックイソシアネート化合物(D)を含まない、イソシアネート化合物である。
本開示に係る塗料組成物が非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)含むことにより、例えば、非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)は、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)およびハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の少なくとも1に含まれる官能基と反応して、硬化できる。
また、本開示に係る塗料組成物は、非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)を有することにより、優れた外観を有することができ、更に、耐酸性、硬度及び耐傷付性を有する塗膜を形成できる。その上、塗料組成物の焼き付け温度を、例えば、100℃以下でも行えるため、種々の被塗物にも適用でき、さらに、省エネルギー化の観点からも有利である。
ある態様において、本開示に係る塗料組成物は、メラミン樹脂(B1)と非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)を共に含んでもよく、別の態様においては、非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)を含んでもよい。非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)を含むことにより、得られる塗膜の耐酸性、硬度及び耐傷付性を更に向上させることができる。
非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)は単独で用いてもよく、複数を組み合わせてもよい。複数の非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)を用いる場合、非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)の合計量が、上記範囲内となるよう、適宜調整できる。
本開示における塗料組成物は、ハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー(a)と他の共重合性モノマー(b)との共重合体であるハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)を含み、
重合性不飽和モノマー(a)は、炭素数1以上8以下のモノアルコールによりハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有し、
ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の全酸価は、5.0mgKOH/g以上240mgKOH/g以下である。
本開示における組成物は、本開示に係る特定のハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)を含むことにより、メラミン樹脂(B1)を含む塗料組成物でありながらも、形成される塗膜は、優れた塗膜外観、例えば、平滑性、鮮映性および光輝性に優れ、その上、優れた耐傷付性および耐酸性などの優れた塗膜物性を有することができる。
また、非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)を含む塗料組成物にておいても、形成される塗膜は、優れた塗膜外観、例えば、平滑性、鮮映性、及び光輝性に優れ、その上、優れた耐傷付性および耐酸性などの優れた塗膜物性を有することができる。
したがって、本開示における塗料組成物は、色戻りなどが抑制された、例えば、良好な平滑性、鮮映性、光輝性を有するなどの優れた塗膜外観を有し、さらに、優れた塗膜物性を有することができ、従来は困難とされてきた、これらの技術効果をバランスよく有することが可能となった。
また、このような技術効果をバランスよく保つことに加え、従来の塗料組成物と比べて、例えば、より良好な塗膜外観を提供できる。
ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の全酸価がこのような範囲内であることにより、平滑性、鮮映性および光輝性に優れ、その上、優れた耐傷付性および耐酸性などの優れた塗膜物性を有する。また、鉛筆硬度は、例えば、自動車用途において所望される硬度を示すことができる。
ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の数平均分子量がこのような範囲内であることにより、特に、平滑性、鮮映性及び光輝性に優れた塗膜を形成できる。
このような範囲内でハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)を含むことにより、本開示に係る塗料組成物から形成される塗膜に良好な外観を付与できる。例えば、塗膜の良好な平滑性、鮮映性、および光輝性を得ることができる。また、本開示に係る塗料組成物から形成される塗膜に良好な耐酸性、耐傷付性、表面硬度をもたらすことができる。
特に、本開示においては、メラミン樹脂(B1)及び非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種と、ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)を併用することにより、本開示の塗料組成物から形成される塗膜に、より優れた鮮映性、光輝性、耐酸性を付与できる。
また、ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)を単独で用いてもよく、複数のハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)を組合せて用いてもよい。
メラミン樹脂(B1)/ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)がこのような範囲内で関係を有することにより、塗料組成物から形成される塗膜は、耐酸性と耐傷付性に優れ、且つ色戻りを顕著に抑制でき、例えば、優れた平滑性、鮮映性および光輝性を有するという効果を得ることができる。
非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)/ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)がこのような範囲内で関係を有することにより、塗料組成物から形成される塗膜は、耐酸性と耐傷付性(耐擦り傷性)に優れ、且つ色戻りを顕著に抑制でき、例えば、優れた平滑性、鮮映性および光輝性を有するという効果を得ることができる。
また、メラミン樹脂(B1)及び非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)を共に含む場合においても、上記関係を有し得る。
重合性不飽和モノマー(a)は、ハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有する。
重合性不飽和モノマー(a)がハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有することにより、本開示による塗料組成物から形成される塗膜は、色戻りを顕著に抑制でき、例えば、優れた平滑性、鮮映性および光輝性を有することができる。
また、重合性不飽和モノマー(a)がハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有することにより、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)と、メラミン樹脂(B1)及び非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種との硬化反応に対する相互作用が得られ、硬化反応によって生じる歪を効果的に抑制でき、且つ色戻りを抑制することができる。すなわち、優れた塗膜外観を有し、かつ、優れた塗膜物性(例えば、耐酸性、耐傷付性)を有することができる。
上記モノアルコールは、炭素数1以上8以下のモノアルコールである。このような炭素数のモノアルコールによりハーフエステル化を行った酸無水物基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー(a)を含む、本開示における塗料組成物であれば、得られる塗膜が優れた塗膜外観を有し、かつ、優れた塗膜物性(例えば、耐酸性、耐傷付性)を有することができる。
したがって、炭素数が10であるデカノールなど、環境に対する負荷が大きい物質を用いることなく、ハーフエステル化を行えるので、本開示における塗料組成物は、環境に優しい塗料組成物を提供できる。
炭素数1以上8以下のモノアルコールは、1分子中に1個の水酸基を有する有機化合物であり、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノール、ペンタノール、ヘキサノール、ヘプタノール、オクタノールなどのアルカノール類;エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルなどのアルキレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテル類;ジメチルアミノエタノールなどのジアルキルアミノアルカノール類などが挙げられる。
また、一分子中に平均して、5~30個、好ましくは6~25個のハーフエステル基を有し、酸無水物基とハーフエステル基との合計数に対する酸無水物基数の割合が4~20%、好ましくは5~15%の範囲内であるハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)を調製してもよい。
他の共重合性モノマー(b)は、酸無水物基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー(a)と共重合可能な化合物であり、具体的には、例えば(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸プロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸n-ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸-tブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-エチルヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ラウリル、(メタ)アクリル酸ステアリルなどのアクリル酸もしくはメタクリル酸のC1~C24アルキルエステル;スチレン、α-メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエンなどのビニル芳香族化合物;エチレン、プロピレンなどのオレフィン類;アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリルなどの不飽和ニトリル類;アクリルアミド、メタクリルアミド、N-メチルアクリルアミドなどの不飽和アミド類;酢酸ビニル、塩化ビニル、2-ビニルピリジン、4-ビニルピリジンなどのビニル化合物などが挙げられる。
例えば、ハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー(a)と、他の共重合性モノマー(b)の合計量を基準にして、モノマー(a)は5~50重量%、特に10~40重量%、好ましくは15~30重量%;モノマー(b)は50~95重量%、特に60~90重量%、好ましくは70~85重量%の範囲内で共重合できる。
本開示の塗料組成物は、さらにブロックイソシアネート化合物(D)を含んでもよい。
ブロックイソシアネート化合物(D)は、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートなどの脂肪族ジイソシアネート、ジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネート、ビス(イソシアナトメチル)シクロヘキサン、イソホロンジイソシアネートなどの脂環式ジイソシアネート、およびこれらのヌレート体に、活性メチレン基を有する化合物、ケトン化合物またはカプロラクタム化合物などのブロック化合物を付加反応させることによって調製することができる。このようなブロックイソシアネート化合物(D)は、加熱によりブロック剤が解離してイソシアネート基が発生し、本開示の塗料組成物に含まれる、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)、メラミン樹脂(B1)及び非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種、およびハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の少なくとも1に含まれる官能基と反応して、硬化できる。
例えば、ブロックイソシアネート化合物(D)は、メラミン樹脂(B1)を含む態様において、本開示に係る組成物に含まれ得る。メラミン樹脂(B1)と、ブロックイソシアネート化合物(D)とを組み合わせることにより、本開示に係る塗料組成物は、良好な硬化性を有することができ、形成された塗膜は優れた塗膜外観、特に優れた鮮映性を示すことができる。
本開示の塗料組成物が、このような範囲内でブロックイソシアネート化合物(D)を含むことにより、良好な硬化性を有することができ、形成された塗膜は優れた塗膜外観、特に優れた鮮映性を示すことができる。
ここで、本開示に係る塗料組成物がブロックイソシアネート化合物(D)を含む場合、樹脂固形分100質量部とは、樹脂成分(A)から成分(D)の樹脂固形分の合計を100質量部とする。以下においても、樹脂固形分100質量部と記載する場合、特に断りのない限り、同様である。
ある態様において、本開示の塗料組成物は、粒子状添加剤(E)を含み、粒子状添加剤(E)は、有機無機ハイブリッドポリマー分散体、無機粒子及び有機樹脂被覆無機粒子からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む。
粒子状添加剤(E)を含むことにより、例えば、より良好な耐傷付性を有する塗膜を得ることができる。
例えば、無機粒子として、アエロジル社製 AEROSIL R805、R812、R812S、R816等を含み得る。例えば、有機樹脂被覆無機粒子として、BYK社製 NANOBYK-3652、3651、3650、メルク社製 Tivida AS1010等を含み得る。
本開示の塗料組成物が、このような範囲内で粒子状添加剤(E)を含むことにより、良好な外観を有する塗膜を形成でき、さらに、より良好な耐傷付性を有する塗膜を得ることができる。
本開示に係る塗料組成物は、必要に応じて、例えば、下地の意匠性を妨げない程度であれば、着色顔料、体質顔料、改質剤、レベリング剤、分散剤、消泡剤、などの添加剤を配合することができる。また、本開示に係る塗料組成物に含まれる各成分の特性を損なわない範囲で、既知の硬化触媒を含んでもよい。
さらに、塗料組成物は、塗装作業性を確保するために、粘性制御剤が添加されていることが好ましい。粘性制御剤は、一般にチクソトロピー性を示すものを使用できる。例えば、このようなものとして、従来から公知のものを使用することができる。ある態様においては、粘性制御剤(レオロジーコントロール剤)として、既知のマイクロゲルおよび非水分散型アクリル樹脂の少なくとも1を含むことができる。
ある態様において、本発明の塗料組成物は、クリヤー塗料組成物として使用でき、この態様においては、得られる塗膜の透明性など、クリヤー塗膜に要求される性質を損なわない範囲で、上記その他の成分を含み得る。
本発明の複層塗膜の形成方法は、被塗物に、本開示に係る塗料組成物を塗装し、塗膜を形成する工程を含む。
ある態様においては、下地塗膜を形成した基材上に、ベース塗膜を形成し、さらにその上に本発明に係る塗料組成物を塗装し、複層塗膜を形成できる。
本発明の複層塗膜の形成方法において、被塗物は、導電性の基材(例えば、自動車車体及びその部品)を予め脱脂処理や化成処理(リン酸塩又はジルコニウム塩などによる化成処理など)を施した後、既知の電着塗料組成物などの下地塗料組成物を塗装し、硬化させた塗膜を形成したものであってもよい。
本開示は、さらに、複層塗膜の形成方法を提供する。具体的には、本開示に係る複層塗膜の形成方法は、被塗物に、中塗り塗料組成物を塗装し、硬化させた中塗り塗膜または未硬化の中塗り塗膜を形成する工程、
前記中塗り塗膜または未硬化の中塗り塗膜の上にベース塗料組成物を塗装し、硬化させたベース塗膜または未硬化のベース塗膜を形成する工程、および
本開示に係る塗料組成物を、前記ベース塗膜の上または前記未硬化のベース塗膜の上に塗装し、塗膜を形成する工程を有する。
また、本発明に係る塗料組成物を、クリヤー塗料組成物として用いてもよい。
ある態様においては、本開示の複層塗膜の形成方法では、下地塗膜を形成した基材(被塗物)上に、ベース塗料組成物を塗装し、ベース塗膜または未硬化のベース塗膜を形成する工程、および
本開示に係る塗料組成物を塗装し、塗膜を形成する工程を含む。
中塗り塗料組成物を塗装し、未硬化の中塗り塗膜を形成する工程、前記未硬化の中塗り塗膜の上に、ベース塗料組成物を塗装し、未硬化のベース塗膜を形成する工程、および
本開示に係る塗料組成物を塗装し、塗膜を形成する工程を含む。
ある態様においては、被塗物と中塗り塗膜との間、中塗り塗膜とベース塗膜との間、ベース塗膜と本開示に係る塗料組成物から形成した塗膜との間に、当該技術分野において用いられる種々の塗膜を設けてもよい。
ある態様においては、被塗物とベース塗膜との間、ベース塗膜と本開示に係る塗料組成物から形成した塗膜との間に、当該技術分野において用いられる種々の塗膜を設けてもよい。また、上記ベース塗膜を複数設けてもよい。
また、ベース塗料組成物、その他の塗膜等を形成する塗料組成物は、溶剤型の塗料組成物であってもよく、水性型の塗料組成物であってもよい。
ある態様においては、被塗物上に、ベース塗料組成物を塗装して硬化させた後に、光輝性ベース塗料組成物および本発明に係る塗料組成物、例えばクリヤー塗料組成物をこの順でウェットオンウェット塗装し、次いで、これらの塗膜を同時に硬化させる、3コート2ベークの方法で複層塗膜形成を行うことができる。
別の態様においては、被塗物上に、ベース塗料組成物を塗装し、次に、光輝性ベース塗料組成物をウェットオンウェットで塗装し、さらに本発明に係る塗料組成物、例えばクリヤー塗料組成物をウェットオンウェットで塗装して、3層同時に硬化させる、3コート1ベーク塗装方法により複層塗膜を形成できる。
何れの態様においても、当分野において通常用いられる下地塗膜を形成した基材を、被塗物として用いてもよい。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「酢酸ノルマルブチル」600部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物1を、3時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「酢酸ノルマルブチル」600部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物1-2を、3時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「酢酸ノルマルブチル」600部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物2を、3時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「酢酸ノルマルブチル」600部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物2-2を、3時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「酢酸ノルマルブチル」600部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物3を、3時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「酢酸ノルマルブチル」600部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物3-2を、3時間かけて滴下した。
メラミン樹脂(B1-1)として、イミノ型のメラミン樹脂(サイメル254 オルネクス社製)を用いた。
メラミン樹脂(B1-2)として、フルアルキル型のメラミン樹脂(サイメル303 オルネクス社製)を用いた。
非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2-1)として、スミジュールN3300(住化コベストロウレタン社製)、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートのヌレート体、NCO含有量=21.8%、固形分率100%を用いた。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「ソルベッソ100J」800部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物1を、4時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「ソルベッソ100J」800部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物2を、4時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「ソルベッソ100J」800部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物3を、4時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「ソルベッソ100J」800部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物4を、4時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「ソルベッソ100J」800部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物5を、4時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「ソルベッソ100J」800部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物6を、4時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「ソルベッソ100J」800部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物7を、4時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「ソルベッソ100J」800部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物8を、4時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「ソルベッソ100J」800部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物9を、4時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「ソルベッソ100J」800部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物10を、4時間かけて滴下した。
撹拌装置、温度計、冷却管、窒素ガス導入口を備えた四つ口フラスコ3リットルに、「ソルベッソ100J」800部を仕込み、窒素ガス通気下で125℃に昇温した。125℃に達した後、窒素ガスの通気を止め、モノマー、溶剤及び重合開始剤(p-tert-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート)からなる組成の下記モノマー混合物11を、4時間かけて滴下した。
有機無機ハイブリッドポリマー分散体(E1)を、以下の方法に従い調製した。
シリコーンオリゴマーとして、メチルメトキシシリコーンオリゴマーである、KR-500(信越化学社製)8部および、加水分解性シラン化合物として、ジメチルジメトキシシラン15.0部、メチルトリメトキシシラン20部、フェニルトリメトキシシラン36部、γ-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン1部、ラジカル重合性不飽和単量体として、メタクリル酸メチル2.0部、スチレン3.6部、およびアクリル酸-2-エチルヘキシル4.4部を撹拌混合後、乳化剤としてポリオキシアルキレンアルケンエーテル硫酸アンモニウム(ラテムルPD-104、花王社製)17部、水36部を添加し、ホモミキサーを用いて、室温で15分間撹拌し、反応前乳化混合物142部を得た(反応前乳化混合物調製工程)。
得られた反応前乳化混合物の平均粒子径は、625nmであった。
第一pH調整工程で得られた、pH調整した水を含む反応容器の温度を80℃に上げてから、上記反応前乳化混合物160部と、過硫酸アンモニウムの2.5%水溶液6.5部を、別々の滴下層から同時に2時間かけて滴下した。滴下が終了してから反応容器中の温度を80℃で1時間維持した。
次に、25%アンモニア水を加え、反応場のpHを9.75に調整した後、84℃まで昇温し、5時間かけて縮合反応を進行させた。
さらに、得られたエマルション水溶液を40℃まで冷却し、水14部を添加した後、減圧条件下において複製したメタノールを留去した。
さらに、メタクリル酸メチル2.0部、スチレン3.6部、およびアクリル酸-2-エチルヘキシル4.4部を撹拌混合後、乳化剤としてポリオキシアルキレンアルケンエーテル硫酸アンモニウム(ラテムルPD-104、花王社製)1.9部、水4.1部を添加し、ホモミキサーを用いて、室温で15分撹拌し、第2反応前乳化混合物を得た。
温度80℃に調整してから、上記第2反応前乳化混合物16部と、過硫酸アンモニウムの1.5%水溶液2.7部を別々の滴下ロートから、同時に2時間かけて滴下した。滴下が終了してから反応容器中の温度を80℃で1時間維持した後、30℃まで冷却し、コアシェル型アクリルシリコーン樹脂エマルション198.4部を得た。得られたエマルションは、固形分39.3%、平均粒子径160nmであった。
撹拌機、温度計を取りつけた反応容器に、得られたエマルション198.4部と、酢酸ブチル600部とを添加した。減圧下で水と酢酸ブチルの混合液を404.6部留去した。得られた粒子分散液の含水率は220ppm、固形分は19.8%であった。
無機粒子(E2)として、アエロジル社製 AEROSIL R805を使用した。
有機樹脂被覆無機粒子(E3)
有機樹脂被覆無機粒子(E3)として、BYK社製 NANOBYK-3652を使用した。
メラミン樹脂(B1)を含む実施例及び比較例
表15に示した配合に従い、各成分を混合し、ディスパーで攪拌することによって実施例1~19及び比較例1~6のクリヤー塗料組成物を得た。上記クリヤー塗料組成物を、酢酸ノルマルブチル/3-エトキシプロピオン酸エチル=1/2(質量比)からなるシンナーによってNo.4フォードカップで30秒/20℃となるようにそれぞれ希釈した。
次に、リン酸亜鉛処理した150×300×0.8mmのダル鋼板に、パワートップU-50(日本ペイント社製カチオン電着塗料)及びオルガP-2(日本ペイント社製中塗り塗料)をそれぞれ乾燥膜厚25μm及び40μmとなるように塗装した試験板に、AR-2000シルバーメタリック(日本ペイント社製水性ベース塗料)を乾燥膜厚が15μmとなるようにエアースプレー塗装し、80℃で5分間乾燥させることにより未硬化ベース塗膜を形成した。その上に、粘度調整したクリヤー塗料組成物を、乾燥膜厚が40μmとなるようにエアースプレー塗装して未硬化クリヤー塗膜を形成し、7分間セッティング後、140℃で25分間焼き付け硬化させ、複層塗膜を形成した。
得られた各試験用塗膜について、後述の評価を行った。
比較例7については、表16に示した配合に従い、各成分を混合することをと試みた。しかし、上述の通り、共重合体(C10)調整中にゲル化したため、クリヤー塗料組成物を調整できなかった。
(平滑性)
平滑性の評価は、ウエーブスキャンII(ビックケミー社製表面粗度測定器)を用い、得られる数値のうち、塗膜の平滑性の評価数値であるCFにて、以下の基準で評価した。 (平滑性の評価)
◎(極めて良好):CFの数値が 60以上である
○(良好):CFの数値が 55以上 60未満である
△(やや劣る):CFの数値が 50以上 55未満である
×(不良):CFの数値が 50を下回る
得られた塗膜の鮮映性の評価は、ウエーブスキャンII(ビックケミー社製表面粗度測定器)を用い、得られる数値のうち、塗膜の鮮鋭性の評価数値であるDOIにて、以下の基準で評価した。
(鮮映性の評価)
◎(極めて良好):DOIの数値が 80を上回った。
○(良好):DOIの数値が 75超 80以下であった
△(やや劣る):DOIの数値が 70超 75以下であった。
×(不良):DOIの数値が 70以下であった。
得られた塗膜の鮮映性の評価は、CM512M3(コニカミノルタ社製変角測色計)を用い、得られる数値のうち、25°のL値(L25)から75°のL値(L75)を除した数値(L25-L75)を光輝性の評価数値として用い、以下の判断基準により、光輝性を評価した
◎(輝度感が非常に強い):L25-L75の数値が 47.5を上回った。
○(輝度感が強い):L25-L75の数値が 45超 47.5以下であった
△(輝度感がやや認められる):L25-L75の数値が 42.5超 45以下であった
×(輝度感が弱い):L25-L75の数値が 42.5以下であった
得られた塗膜の耐酸性の評価は、グラジエントオーブンを用い、50℃に加熱した塗膜表面に1質量%の硫酸溶液を50μl滴下し、30分過熱状態を維持した後に速やかに水洗した。水洗後、塗膜表面の水分をウエスで取り除き、塗膜表面に硫酸溶液を滴下した試験部位を、以下の判断基準により、耐酸性を目視で評価した。
◎(耐酸性が非常に良好):試験跡の輪郭が確認できる
○(耐酸性が良好):試験跡全体が確認できるが、試験跡の白化及び、又は膨れが無い
△(耐酸性がやや弱い):試験跡に軽微な白化及び、又は膨れが確認できる
×(耐酸性が弱い):試験跡に著しい白化及び、又は膨れが確認できる
得られた塗膜の耐傷付性の評価は、大栄科学精器製作所社製 平面摩耗試験機に治具先端が摩耗する物体の表面に対して水平である直径16mmの金属製円柱型治具を取り付け、治具先端にフェルトと摩耗紙(3M社製 281Q WETORDRY PRODUCTION POLISHING PAPER 2μGRADE)を、治具先端、フェルト、摩耗紙の順で固定し、治具に固定した摩耗紙表面に合計で900gの荷重が加わるように荷重を加え、10cmのストローク長さで1分間に40往復する速度で得られた塗膜の表面を10往復摩耗した。
試験部位と未試験部位の塗膜表面に対して20°の角度の光沢をマイクロ-トリ-グロス(ビックケミー社製光沢測定器)で測定し、試験部位に対する未試験部位の商の百分率を摩耗試験による光沢保持率として、耐傷付性を評価した。
◎(耐傷付性が非常に良好):光沢保持率が85%以上
○(耐傷付性が良好):光沢保持率が75%以上、且つ85%未満
△(耐傷付性がやや弱い):光沢保持率が65%以上、且つ75%未満
×(耐傷付性が弱い):光沢保持率が65%未満
得られた塗膜の鉛筆硬度の評価は、三菱鉛筆引っかき値試験用の鉛筆を用いて行った。得られた塗膜を水平な台に塗膜表面を上向きに固定し、木部だけを削って芯を円柱状に5mm露出させ、且つ芯の先端を角が90°になるように平らに研いだ鉛筆を、1000gの荷重で塗膜表面に対して45°の角度押し付けながら前方に10mm/秒の速さで20mm押し出して塗膜表面を引っかいた。同様の引っかきを5回繰り返して行い、5箇所の引っかき跡のうち、傷、もしくは破れである箇所が2箇所未満である鉛筆の濃度記号をその塗膜の鉛筆硬度として評価した。
得られた塗膜の高耐傷付性の評価は、大栄科学精器製作所社製 平面摩耗試験機に治具先端が摩耗する物体の表面に対して水平である直径16mmの金属製円柱型治具を取り付け、治具先端にフェルトと摩耗紙(3M社製 281Q 、WETORDRY PRODUCTION POLISHING PAPER 9μGRADE)を、治具先端、フェルト、摩耗紙の順で固定し、治具に固定した摩耗紙表面に合計で900gの荷重が加わるように荷重を加え、10cmのストローク長さで1分間に40往復する速度で得られた塗膜の表面を10往復摩耗した。
試験部位と未試験部位の塗膜表面に対して20°の角度の光沢をマイクロ-トリ-グロス(ビックケミー社製光沢測定器)で測定し、試験部位に対する未試験部位の商の百分率を摩耗試験による光沢保持率として、耐傷付性を評価した。
なお、この試験は、上記耐傷付性の試験条件を更に厳しくした試験である。
◎(高耐傷付性が非常に良好):光沢保持率が80%以上
○(高耐傷付性が良好):光沢保持率が70%以上、且つ80%未満
△(高耐傷付性がやや弱い):光沢保持率が60%以上、且つ70%未満
×(高耐傷付性が弱い):光沢保持率が60%未満
比較例4は、ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の全酸価が本発明の範囲外であるので、光輝性、耐酸性および耐傷付性が著しく劣る塗膜が得られた。
比較例5は、ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)におけるハーフエステル化に用いたアルコールの炭素数が、本発明の範囲外で有り光輝性に劣り、その上耐酸性および耐傷付性が著しく劣る塗膜が得られた。
比較例6は、ハーフエステル化を行わなかったため、平滑性、鮮映性および光輝性が著しく劣り、耐傷付性が劣る塗膜が得られた。
比較例7は、共重合体(C10)調整中にゲル化したため、クリヤー塗料組成物を調整できなかった。
同様に、比較例8として、製造例C1で調製した共重合体において、ポリオール(トリメチロールプロパン)を用いて共重合体の調製を試みた。
しかし、調製中にゲル化し、塗料組成物を調製できなかった。
非ブロック化イソシアネート硬化剤(B2)を含む実施例及び比較例
表17に示した配合に従い、各成分を混合したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、複層塗膜を形成した。
得られた各試験用塗膜について、上記した評価を行った。
また、本開示は、より高い耐傷付性、すなわち、高耐傷付性にも優れた塗膜を形成できる。
Claims (12)
- 水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)、
メラミン樹脂(B1)および非ブロック化イソシアネート化合物(B2)からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種、ならびに
ハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー(a)と他の共重合性モノマー(b)との共重合体であるハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)
を含み、
前記重合性不飽和モノマー(a)は、炭素数1以上8以下のモノアルコールによりハーフエステル化された酸無水物基を有し、ならびに
前記ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の全酸価は、5.0mgKOH/g以上240mgKOH/g以下である、
塗料組成物。 - 前記ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の数平均分子量が1000以上10500以下である、請求項1に記載の塗料組成物。
- さらにブロックイソシアネート化合物(D)を含む、請求項1または2に記載の塗料組成物。
- 前記ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の酸価は、10mgKOH/g以上240mgKOH/g以下である、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の塗料組成物。
- 前記水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A)の水酸基価が60mgKOH/g以上200mgKOH/g以下である、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の塗料組成物。
- 前記ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の含有量が、前記塗料組成物の樹脂固形分100質量部に対して、3質量部以上25質量部以下である、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の塗料組成物。
- 前記塗料組成物に含まれる、メラミン樹脂(B1)およびハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)の比率は、固形分質量比として、メラミン樹脂(B1)/ハーフエステル基含有共重合体(C)=1/0.1~1/1である、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の塗料組成物。
- さらに、有機無機ハイブリッドポリマー分散体、無機粒子及び有機樹脂被覆無機粒子からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む粒子状添加剤(E)を有する、
請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の塗料組成物。 - 前記粒子状添加剤(E)の平均粒子径が10nm以上1000nm以下である、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の塗料組成物。
- 前記塗料組成物がクリヤー塗料組成物である、請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の塗料組成物。
- 被塗物に、ベース塗料組成物を塗装し、ベース塗膜または未硬化のベース塗膜を形成する工程、および
請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の塗料組成物を、前記ベース塗膜の上または前記未硬化のベース塗膜の上に塗装し、塗膜を形成する工程を有する、複層塗膜の形成方法。 - 被塗物に、中塗り塗料組成物を塗装し、中塗り塗膜または未硬化の中塗り塗膜を形成する工程、得られた前記中塗り塗膜または前記未硬化の中塗り塗膜の上に、ベース塗料組成物を塗装し、ベース塗膜または未硬化のベース塗膜を形成する工程、ならびに
請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の塗料組成物を、前記ベース塗膜の上または前記未硬化のベース塗膜の上に塗装し、塗膜を形成する工程を有する、複層塗膜の形成方法。
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| CA3084014A CA3084014A1 (en) | 2017-12-01 | 2018-11-30 | Coating composition and method for forming multilayer coating film |
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| JPWO2019107570A1 (ja) | 2020-12-10 |
| US20210363375A1 (en) | 2021-11-25 |
| EP3719084A4 (en) | 2021-09-22 |
| MX2020005666A (es) | 2020-12-03 |
| US11732154B2 (en) | 2023-08-22 |
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