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WO2019103539A1 - Alliage à base de titane et d'aluminium pour impression 3d, ayant d'excellentes caractéristiques à haute température et procédé de fabrication associé - Google Patents

Alliage à base de titane et d'aluminium pour impression 3d, ayant d'excellentes caractéristiques à haute température et procédé de fabrication associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019103539A1
WO2019103539A1 PCT/KR2018/014552 KR2018014552W WO2019103539A1 WO 2019103539 A1 WO2019103539 A1 WO 2019103539A1 KR 2018014552 W KR2018014552 W KR 2018014552W WO 2019103539 A1 WO2019103539 A1 WO 2019103539A1
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Prior art keywords
titanium
printing
aluminum
temperature characteristics
prepared
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Ceased
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김성웅
김승언
홍재근
나영상
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Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials KIMM
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Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials KIMM
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Publication of WO2019103539A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019103539A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing having excellent high-temperature characteristics and a method for producing the same.
  • 3D printing technology is a technology to produce products with three dimensional structure by stacking various layers of materials such as powder, liquid, wire, and pellets in one layer. It is a technology to manufacture complex parts It can be easily manufactured and has recently become popular in the world with new processing technology. 3D printing technology can dramatically shorten the time required for product development compared with conventional processing techniques such as casting, forging, welding, extrusion, etc., and since chips generated during cutting are not formed, the loss of raw material And can meet the demand of the shape and function required by the consumer, it is recognized as an innovative technology that changes the paradigm of the existing manufacturing industry.
  • the 3D printer market which has been mainly used for enterprise prototyping, has recently been used in a variety of industries including aerospace, medical, automobile, machinery, construction, toys and fashion. As 3D printing technology and industry grow, the market for materials is also expected.
  • the metal powder used in metal 3D printing processes are applied in powder form, and spherical ultrafine powders produced by gas atomization method are used.
  • these metal powders are not exclusive materials prepared for 3D printing process, and powder used in general powder metallurgy process is classified by particle size, so that printer equipment makers exclusively supply powder at a high price.
  • the lock system is applied to the equipment so that it can not be used other than the powder supplied exclusively, various components are not applied.
  • the metal powder used for powder metallurgy contains two or three basic alloying elements unlike the conventional alloying materials widely used in industry, and thus it is strongly required to develop industrially meaningful powder of a multi-component alloy component.
  • Titanium powder (Ti Powder), which has recently been spotlighted among 3D printing materials, has various structural functions and is used in high value-added industries. Titanium, which has excellent non-strength, corrosion resistance, low heat distortion and human-friendly characteristics, has a very important industrial value to be combined with 3D printers. Titanium metal powder for 3D printing predicts a demand of 155 tons in 2014, which is more than tripled in 2017 from the demand of 47 tons per year in 2014. As a result, the market size has increased from 29.7 billion won to 87.4 billion won. In particular, the aviation sector related to excellent non-strength characteristics has a demand of about 40%. In addition, the size of powder production in 2023 is expected to be about 582 tons, and the market size will be about 241 billion won.
  • Patent Document 1 U.S. Patent No. 4,916,028
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing having excellent high-temperature characteristics and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • the titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing according to the embodiment of the present invention having excellent high-temperature characteristics is composed of 42.0 to 46.0% of aluminum (Al), 6.0 to 9.0% of niobium (Nb), 0.2 to 0.5% of silicon (Si), 0.2-2.0% tungsten (W), the remainder titanium (Ti), and inevitable impurities.
  • the tensile strength at 800 ° C may be 450 to 550 MPa.
  • the tensile strength at 950 ° C may be 450 to 550 MPa.
  • the elongation at break at 800 DEG C may be 0.60 to 0.80.
  • the elongation at break at 950 DEG C may be from 1.60 to 15.0.
  • a method for producing a titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises 42.0 to 46.0% of aluminum (Al), 6.0 to 9.0% of niobium (Nb) Mixing 0.5% silicon (Si), 0.2-2.0% tungsten (W), residual titanium (Ti), and inevitable impurities; Melting the mixed particles obtained in the mixing step; And pulverizing the molten particles.
  • the step of pulverizing the molten particles includes pulverizing and sieving.
  • the titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing excellent in high-temperature characteristics according to the embodiment of the present invention is excellent in the elongation at break suitable for 3D printing, etc., and the 3D printing structure using the same can have excellent dimensions and performance, Can produce titanium-aluminum alloy for superior 3D printing, and has high productivity.
  • FIG. 1 is a photograph of a titanium-aluminum alloy specimen for 3D printing, which is prepared by Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 and has excellent high-temperature characteristics, taken by a digital camera.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method of manufacturing a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing, which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a graph of stress-strain at 800 deg. C of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing, which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared by Example 1.
  • Example 4 is a stress-strain graph at 800 ° C of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing, which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared by Example 2.
  • Fig. 5 is a graph of stress-strain at 800 deg. C of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing, which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared by Example 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a graph of stress-strain at 800 deg. C of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing, which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared by Example 3.
  • Fig. 6 is a graph of stress-strain at 800 deg. C of the titanium-aluminum alloy prepared in Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph of stress-strain at 950 deg. C of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing, which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared by Example 1.
  • Fig. 9 is a graph of stress-strain at 950 deg. C of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared according to Example 3. Fig.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph of stress-strain at 950 DEG C of the titanium-aluminum-based alloy prepared in Comparative Example 1. Fig.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the titanium-aluminum alloy prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 after the stress-strain test was performed at 800.degree.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the alloy prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 after the stress-strain test was performed at 950 ° C.
  • Example 13 is a view of a fracture surface of a titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared according to Example 1 after tensile test at 800 degrees and 950 degrees.
  • Examples 13 to 15 is a photograph of a titanium-aluminum-based alloy specimen for 3D printing prepared by Examples 13 to 15, which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics, taken by a digital camera.
  • Titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing with high temperature characteristics Titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing with high temperature characteristics
  • the titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing according to the embodiment of the present invention having excellent high-temperature characteristics is composed of 42.0 to 46.0% of aluminum (Al), 6.0 to 9.0% of niobium (Nb), 0.2 to 0.5% of silicon (Si), 0.2-2.0% tungsten (W), the remainder titanium (Ti), and inevitable impurities.
  • the titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing having excellent high-temperature characteristics according to the embodiment of the present invention is excellent in high-temperature characteristics suitable as a material for 3D printing, and a 3D printing structure manufactured using the same has excellent dimensional accuracy, Do.
  • the proportion of the constituent components can be easily controlled, thereby making it possible to manufacture a 3D printing structure having a desired physical property.
  • titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • aluminum is an element constituting the main component together with titanium.
  • the element fraction of aluminum is a direct element that determines the fraction of alpha 2 phase (Ti 3 Al) and gamma phase (TiAl), which are the main intermediate phase phases of the titanium-aluminum alloy.
  • oxidation resistance and mechanical characteristics may vary depending on the ratio of aluminum to titanium.
  • the aluminum content of the titanium-aluminum based alloy for 3D printing excellent in high-temperature characteristics according to the embodiment of the present invention is less than 42 atomic%, the strength of the alloy may be increased but the ductility and oxidation resistance may be decreased. The volume fraction or area fraction of the gamma phase may not be sufficient. If the aluminum content of the alloy exceeds 46 atomic%, the resistance to oxidation and corrosion is advantageous, but the mechanical properties such as elongation, strength and fracture toughness may be deteriorated.
  • the niobium (Nb) may be added to a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing having an excellent high-temperature characteristic according to an embodiment of the present invention to increase rigidity, creep resistance, oxidation resistance and ductility.
  • the niobium (Nb) are the titanium (Ti), because the more finely divided the layer spacing, such as TiAl and ⁇ - ⁇ -Ti 3 Al - it is possible to improve the rigidity of the aluminum (Al) alloy.
  • niobium (Nb) can be added for the purpose of improving the strength and oxidation resistance of the TiAl intermetallic compound.
  • the niobium content is less than 6.0 atomic%, the oxidation resistance of the titanium-aluminum-based alloy is not sufficient and the productivity of the 3D printing structure may be deteriorated due to oxidation during the 3D printing process. If the niobium content exceeds 9.0 atomic%, the ductility of the titanium-aluminum alloy may be deteriorated.
  • the silicon (Si) improves the flowability of the titanium (Ti) -Al alloy (Al) in a molten state in the 3D-printing titanium-aluminum alloy having excellent high-temperature characteristics according to the embodiment of the present invention, (Ti) -Aluminum (Al) alloy at a high temperature through stabilization of the layered structure.
  • the silicon (Si) is preferably 0.2 to 0.5% in atomic percent with respect to the total alloy, and when the silicon (Si) is less than 0.2%, sufficient creep of the titanium (Ti) Resistance is not expected to be expected. On the other hand, when the Si content exceeds 0.5%, the creep resistance may be lowered and other mechanical properties may be deteriorated.
  • the tungsten has a beta-phase stabilizing effect in a titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing excellent in high-temperature characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention and can provide a layered titanium-aluminum alloy by stabilizing the beta phase in the matrix, This can improve the softening resistance.
  • the tungsten (W) is 0.2 to 2.0% in atomic percent with respect to the total alloy, and when the tungsten (W) is less than 0.2% It is difficult to expect the improvement of chemical conversion. On the other hand, if the tungsten (W) exceeds 2.0%, the material cost may increase.
  • the titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing having excellent high temperature characteristics is titanium (Ti) except for the above components.
  • Ti titanium
  • impurities which are not intended from the raw material or the surrounding environment may be inevitably incorporated, so that it can not be excluded.
  • impurities are self-evident to those of ordinary skill in the art of manufacturing, and therefore, not all thereof are specifically referred to herein.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method of manufacturing a titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing with improved high-temperature characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a method for producing a titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing having improved high temperature characteristics includes 42.0 to 46.0% of aluminum (Al), 6.0 to 9.0% of niobium (Nb), 0.2 to 0.5% silicon (Si), 0.2 to 2.0% tungsten (W), the remainder titanium (Ti), and inevitable impurities; Melting the mixed particles obtained in the mixing step; And pulverizing the molten particles.
  • the mixing may be performed using a general milling apparatus or a mixing apparatus.
  • the method of melting the mixed particles can be performed by vacuum arc remelting (VAR), electron beam melting (EBM), plasma arc melting (PAM), plasma arc remelting have.
  • VAR vacuum arc remelting
  • EBM electron beam melting
  • PAM plasma arc melting
  • the molten particles can be carried out by a gas atomization method, a plasma rotating electrode spraying method, or a water jetting method.
  • the step of pulverizing the molten particles may be prepared by air-cooling the molten mixed particles to produce an ingot, pulverizing the same, and sieving.
  • the alloys of Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Example 1 were prepared by controlling the content of aluminum, niobium, tungsten, silicon and titanium as shown in Table 1 and vacuum melting to produce an ingot, which was then air-cooled to perform an additional heat treatment I did.
  • Example 1-1 the first test piece prepared in Example 1
  • Example 1-1 the test piece prepared in Example 1
  • test piece prepared in Example 1 Means the second specimen (Example 1-2), which is the same for other examples and comparative examples.
  • the binary conversion composition can be converted into a virtual binary system to easily predict a phase fraction of alpha 2 phase and gamma phase in a complex alloy system, and can be converted into the following expression.
  • Fig. 1 is a photograph of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing, which is prepared by Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 and has excellent high-temperature characteristics, taken by a digital camera.
  • An alloy having a composition of Ti-46Al-6Nb-1W-0.5Si was prepared in the same manner as in the above example.
  • An alloy having a composition of Ti-46Al-8Nb-1W-0.5Si was prepared in the same manner as in the above Example.
  • An alloy having a composition of Ti-44Al-3Nb-0.5W-0.1Si was prepared in the same manner as in the above example.
  • An alloy having a composition of Ti-44Al-6Nb-0.5W-0.5Si was prepared in the same manner as in the above examples.
  • Fig. 3 is a graph of stress-strain at 800 deg. C of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing, which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared by Example 1.
  • Example 4 is a stress-strain graph at 800 ° C of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing, which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared by Example 2.
  • Fig. 5 is a graph of stress-strain at 800 deg. C of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing, which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared by Example 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a graph of stress-strain at 800 deg. C of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing, which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared by Example 3.
  • Fig. 6 is a graph of stress-strain at 800 deg. C of the titanium-aluminum alloy prepared in Comparative Example 1.
  • Table 2 shows the tensile test results of the titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing at 800 ° C, which is prepared by Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, which has excellent high-temperature characteristics.
  • the tensile strength of the first specimen according to Example 1 was 508.8 MPa, the elongation at break was 0.67%, and the tensile strength of the specimen according to Example 1 2
  • the tensile strength of the specimen was 479.2 MPa, and the elongation at break was 0.56%.
  • the tensile strength of the first specimen according to Example 2 was 509.2 MPa, and the elongation at break was 0.82%
  • the tensile strength of the second specimen was 523.2 MPa, and the elongation at break was 0.89%.
  • the tensile strength of the first specimen according to Example 3 was 527.9 MPa, and the elongation at break at this time was 0.64%, and the tensile strength according to Example 3
  • the tensile strength of the second specimen was 545.8 MPa, and the elongation at break was 0.85%.
  • the tensile strength of the first specimen according to Comparative Example 1 was 537.5 MPa, and the elongation at break was 0.82%.
  • the tensile strength of the second specimen was 510.1 MPa, and the elongation at break was 0.73%.
  • the titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing having excellent high-temperature characteristics prepared in Example 3 had a tensile strength at 800 ° C higher than that of the titanium-aluminum-based alloy prepared in Comparative Example 1, It can be seen that the titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared by the present invention has a higher elongation at break at 800 ° C than the titanium-aluminum-based alloy prepared by Comparative Example 1. In Examples 1 and 3, the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation at break increased at 800 ° C compared to Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph of stress-strain at 950 deg. C of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing, which is excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared by Example 1.
  • Fig. 9 is a graph of stress-strain at 950 deg. C of a titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared according to Example 3. Fig.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph of stress-strain at 950 DEG C of the titanium-aluminum-based alloy prepared in Comparative Example 1. Fig.
  • Table 3 shows the tensile test results of the titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing at 950 DEG C, which is prepared by Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, and which has excellent high-temperature characteristics.
  • Example 1 the tensile strength of the first specimen according to Example 1 was 521.2 MPa, and the elongation at break at this time was 2.44%.
  • Example 1 The tensile strength of the specimen was 530.5 MPa, and the elongation at break was 10.4%.
  • the tensile strength of the first specimen according to Example 2 was 491.0 MPa, and the elongation at break was 18.2%
  • the tensile strength of the second specimen was 489.1 MPa, and the elongation at break was 6.84%.
  • the tensile strength of the first specimen according to Example 3 was 478.7 MPa, and the elongation at break at this time was 1.68%, and the tensile strength according to Example 3
  • the tensile strength of the second specimen was 562.6 MPa, and the elongation at break was 1.72%.
  • the tensile strength of the first specimen according to Comparative Example 1 was 517.4 MPa, and the elongation at break was 1.52%
  • the tensile strength of the second specimen was 510.7 MPa, and the elongation at break was 1.68%.
  • the titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing having excellent high-temperature properties prepared by Example 1 and Example 3 had a tensile strength higher than that of the titanium-aluminum-based alloy prepared at Comparative Example 1, It can be seen that the titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared by Example 2 has a higher elongation at break at 950 ° C than the titanium-aluminum-based alloy prepared by Comparative Example 1. [ As a result, in Examples 1 and 3, the yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation at break increased at 950 ° C compared to Comparative Example 1.
  • the titanium-aluminum based alloy prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 was subjected to a tensile test at 800 DEG C and 950 DEG C, and then a portion other than the fractured surface was cut to observe the cross section.
  • Figs. 11 and 12 Respectively.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 it can be seen that a lamellar microstructure of a typical titanium-aluminum alloy is observed in the titanium-aluminum alloy for 3D printing having excellent prepared high-temperature characteristics according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a view of a fracture surface of a titanium-aluminum-based alloy for 3D printing excellent in high-temperature characteristics prepared according to Example 1 after tensile test at 800 degrees and 950 degrees.
  • a smooth cleavage fracture surface is observed
  • a fracture surface of a dimple is observed.
  • the alloy of Example 12 according to the present invention has excellent characteristics in terms of elongation at break at 950 ⁇ ⁇ in high temperature tensile properties as compared with the alloy of Comparative Example 1.
  • the alloys of Examples 13, 14, and 15 according to the present invention have excellent characteristics in terms of elongation at break at 950 ⁇ ⁇ in high temperature tensile properties as compared with the alloys of Comparative Example 1.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un alliage à base de titane et d'aluminium pour impression 3D, ayant d'excellentes caractéristiques à haute température. L'alliage à base de titane et d'aluminium pour impression 3D, ayant d'excellentes caractéristiques à haute température, selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, comprend, en pourcentage atomique, 42,0 à 46,0 % d'aluminium (Al), 6,0 à 9,0 % de niobium (Nb), 0,2 à 0,5 % de silicium (Si), 0,2 à 2,0 % de tungstène (W), le reste étant constitué de titane (Ti) et d'impuretés inévitables.
PCT/KR2018/014552 2017-11-24 2018-11-23 Alliage à base de titane et d'aluminium pour impression 3d, ayant d'excellentes caractéristiques à haute température et procédé de fabrication associé Ceased WO2019103539A1 (fr)

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JP2020546262A JP7197597B2 (ja) 2017-11-24 2018-11-23 高温特性に優れた３ｄプリンティング用チタン－アルミニウム系合金及びその製造方法

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CN114406273A (zh) * 2022-01-25 2022-04-29 沈阳工业大学 一种用于3d打印技术的钛合金球形粉末的多级气雾化制备方法
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CN118406932A (zh) * 2024-04-30 2024-07-30 中国航发贵州红林航空动力控制科技有限公司 一种高强韧钛合金及其制备方法和应用

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