WO2019190335A1 - Device for evaluating the mechanical strength of materials as a function of temperature and atmosphere - Google Patents
Device for evaluating the mechanical strength of materials as a function of temperature and atmosphere Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019190335A1 WO2019190335A1 PCT/PE2018/000007 PE2018000007W WO2019190335A1 WO 2019190335 A1 WO2019190335 A1 WO 2019190335A1 PE 2018000007 W PE2018000007 W PE 2018000007W WO 2019190335 A1 WO2019190335 A1 WO 2019190335A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
Definitions
- the present invention is part of the technical field of equipment for measuring mechanical parameters of materials, such as ceramic, polymeric, metallic and composite materials, with control of temperature and atmosphere variables.
- the tester can preset and monitor the entire test process, so that the process control conditions in the test are improved to test the mechanical parameters of the materials and precise test parameters are provided for the investigation of mechanical parameters of materials.
- the machine regulates the temperature in a range of -40 ° C - 60 ° C, and a humidity up to 90%.
- patent document CN203224398 does not allow measuring mechanical resistance based on the control of aspects other than temperature and humidity, such as reducing, oxidizing, inert atmospheres, or a mixture of said gases; said antecedent does not allow the displacement of the heater (oven), and the control temperature range is limited to the ranges of -40 ° C -60 ° C.
- the heat and humidity aging test device comprises an aging box, a sample clamping system, an equilibrium adjustment system and a stress strain measurement system. Simultaneous tests of one to ten samples can be carried out using the device, the equipment is used in an ambient temperature range at 300 ° C, the loading force of each sample is 0.5 to 8 tons, continuous testing can be performed constant temperature for 5,000 hours or thermal cycle test, and by adopting the sample clamping system, the non-slip and non-loosening of the samples can be ensured under the condition that a tensile force of 8 is applied tons to samples.
- the heat and humidity aging test device is simple in structure and superior to conventional test efficiency equipment, and the test conditions are in accordance with the actual working conditions.
- patent document CN202372500 is not suitable for measuring mechanical resistance in a high temperature homo, nor is it capable of controlling reducing, oxidizing, inert atmospheres and a mixture of said gases.
- the present invention relates to an equipment for the evaluation of the mechanical resistance of materials in function of the temperature control, which has the ability to be configured from room temperature to a high temperature, preferably up to a range between 1300 and 1600 ° C, and depending on the control of the atmosphere (reducing, oxidizing, inert, wet, dry, and with the possibility of creating atmospheres of gas mixtures).
- the present invention has been designed which comprises: or a high temperature oven, from room temperature to a range between 1300 ° C and 1600 ° C, wherein said oven comprises a two chamber hot chamber; a control panel with high-pass cables, hoses and cables for connection to the hot chamber; wherein said hot chamber of the oven preferably has at least two lining walls to decrease the temperature on the outer surface;
- a flange system to ensure the tightness comprising at least one fitting with hose for the entry of gases, at least one fitting with hose for the exit of gases, at least one fitting with hose for the entry of a cooling liquid, at less a fitting with hose for the exit of said liquid, at least one bellows (preferably flexible silicone) to avoid the total rigidity of the system and allow the evaluation of the deformation in materials; or a sample holder system comprising alumina pistons inside alumina tubes, this sample holder system is coupled in the intermediate part of the flange system, with high temperature resistance (preferably up to 1600 ° C), this system passes through the hot chamber of the high temperature oven when in operation;
- the technical advantage is that you can have a team capable of evaluating the mechanical resistance of various materials while controlling a wide range of temperatures, from room temperature to a range between 1300 ° C and 1600 ° C, and atmospheric conditions , for example, reducing, oxidizing, inert, humid, dry atmospheres and gas mixtures (inert + oxidizing, inert + reducing, inert + reducing + moist air, among others).
- reducing, oxidizing, inert, humid, dry atmospheres and gas mixtures inert + oxidizing, inert + reducing, inert + reducing + moist air, among others.
- This invention makes it possible to contribute and facilitate the investigation of mechanical properties of ceramic, polymeric, metallic and composite materials, in addition to contributing important information for the production and handling of quality materials in the various industries of the world.
- Figure 1 Front view of the thermomechanical measurement system in a controlled atmosphere.
- Figure 2 Rear view of the thermomechanical measurement system in a controlled atmosphere.
- Figure 3 Lower flange of the controlled atmosphere system.
- Figure 4 Intermediate flange of the controlled atmosphere system.
- Figure 5 Upper flange of the controlled atmosphere system.
- Figure 6 View of the high temperature furnace displacement system.
- Figure 7 Vertical displacement view of the high temperature furnace.
- the universal testing machine (1) comprises a load cell (2) which serves to measure the force in Newtons (N) that is exerted on a given area; to said load cell (2) the upper flange (4) is preferably stainless steel, this flange contains a quick-release fitting for the entry of gases (3) and two fittings (inlet and outlet) where hoses are connected refrigeration (6 and 7).
- the function of the upper flange (4) is to hold one end of the alumina cylindrical tube (5), at the other end of the tube the intermediate flange (8) is connected, which also has quick-release fittings for the entry and exit of a cooling liquid
- the silicone bellows (9) is connected, on one end, to the intermediate flange (8) and on the other to the lower flange (11), the latter contains a quick-release fitting (10) for the gas outlet test. From the upper flange (4) to the lower flange (11) constitutes the controlled atmosphere system.
- thermomechanical part of the innovative system is the high temperature furnace (17), the cables (13 and 14) that connect the power source (12) and the high temperature furnace and the oven control panel (18) that allows to increase, decrease, keep the temperature constant and allow the circulation of fluids.
- the invention has a vertical displacement system (15) and a horizontal displacement system (20) and a sliding system for opening and closing the oven chamber (16).
- Figures 3.4 and 5 show the elements that each flange has, to ensure the tightness of the system.
- Figures 6 and 7 show a way to realize the system of horizontal and vertical displacement of the system.
- the atmosphere is controlled by the closed system created between the furnace and the flange system, where the flange system comprises fittings of High pressure rapid release for the entry and exit of gases, a sample system with high temperature alumina tube, silky joints that ensure the system's tightness, silicone bellows, hoses for the flow of gases from containers or any source of gas supply to the fittings, at least one flowmeter and at least one valve for flow control, gas containers (inert, oxidants, reducers, ...), compressor for air flow generation, kitasato flasks to moisten the air / gas (bubbling in water) or drying the air / gas (silica gel).
- the high temperature furnace comprises, as mentioned above, a hot chamber that is integrated into the vertical / horizontal displacement system.
- thermomechanical test Before starting a thermomechanical test in a controlled atmosphere, care must be taken that the high temperature furnace is completely away from the universal testing machine and the two hot chamber bodies are completely closed.
- the sample At the beginning of a test, the sample must be fixed in the lower piston of the sample holder, then insert the lower piston into the alumina tube of the closed system, only when the piston is inside the alumina tube and the metal flanges are fixed to the equipment Universal tests, the oven can be opened in their bodies and moved to the universal testing machine. Special care should be taken in the concentricity of the furnace chamber, the universal test equipment and the alumina tube of the closed system, only in this situation can the bodies of the high temperature furnace chamber be closed.
- the cooling hoses (6) and (7) allow the inlet and outlet of the cooling liquid, preferably water, for the flanges, the hoses are connected to the flanges through quick-release fittings and at the other end they are connected to a power source that recirculates water cooled by an air injection mechanism or other means known in the state of the art.
- the liquid inlet cooling hose is connected in series with the bottom flange fitting and is part of the cooling system.
- the power source for the air / gas circulation is an air compressor and for the recirculation of the cooling liquid is a pump connected to the cooling hoses.
- the high temperature oven comprises:
- Type B thermocouple for main control and other auxiliary for calibration inside the chamber.
- the hot chamber of the oven could be coupled in other ways with the flange system, without the need to comprise only two bodies, so that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited.
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Abstract
Description
EQUIPO PARA LA EVALUACIÓN DE LA RESISTENCIA MECÁNICA DE MATERIALES EN FUNCIÓN DE LA TEMPERATURA Y ATMÓSFERA EQUIPMENT FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE MECHANICAL RESISTANCE OF MATERIALS IN FUNCTION OF TEMPERATURE AND ATMOSPHERE
CAMPO TÉCNICO TECHNICAL FIELD
La presente invención se enmarca en el campo técnico de los equipos para medir parámetros mecánicos de materiales, tales como materiales cerámicos, poliméricos, metálicos y compuestos, con control de variables de temperatura y atmósfera. The present invention is part of the technical field of equipment for measuring mechanical parameters of materials, such as ceramic, polymeric, metallic and composite materials, with control of temperature and atmosphere variables.
ESTADO DE LA TÉCNICA STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE
En el estado de la técnica existe el documento de patente de modelo de utilidad CN203224398 (U), el cual se refiere a un probador para analizar parámetros mecánicos de materiales bajo condiciones de temperatura y humedad alternas y pertenece a un probador para probar parámetros mecánicos de materiales. El probador consta de un cuerpo de caja, un calentador, un humidificador, un sistema de deshumidificación de refrigeración, un probador universal, un sensor, un sistema de control y un ventilador. El probador tiene las ventajas de que el probador es nuevo en estructura, y el control de temperatura y humedad y un sistema de carga están altamente integrados para formar un todo unificado. In the state of the art there is utility model patent document CN203224398 (U), which refers to a tester for analyzing mechanical parameters of materials under alternating temperature and humidity conditions and belongs to a tester for testing mechanical parameters of materials. The tester consists of a box body, a heater, a humidifier, a cooling dehumidification system, a universal tester, a sensor, a control system and a fan. The tester has the advantages that the tester is new in structure, and temperature and humidity control and a charging system are highly integrated to form a unified whole.
El probador puede preestablecer y monitorear todo el proceso de prueba, de modo que se mejoran las condiciones de control de proceso en la prueba para probar los parámetros mecánicos de los materiales y se proporcionan parámetros de prueba precisos para la investigación de parámetros mecánicos de materiales. En la descripción de la patente se menciona que la máquina regula la temperatura en un rango de -40°C - 60°C, y una humedad hasta el 90%. The tester can preset and monitor the entire test process, so that the process control conditions in the test are improved to test the mechanical parameters of the materials and precise test parameters are provided for the investigation of mechanical parameters of materials. In the patent description it is mentioned that the machine regulates the temperature in a range of -40 ° C - 60 ° C, and a humidity up to 90%.
Sin embargo, el documento de patente CN203224398 no permite medir la resistencia mecánica en función del control de aspectos diferentes a la temperatura y la humedad, tales como atmósferas reductoras, oxidantes, inertes, o una mezcla de dichos gases; dicho antecedente tampoco permite el desplazamiento del calentador (horno), y el rango de temperatura de control se limita a los rangos de -40° C -60° C. However, patent document CN203224398 does not allow measuring mechanical resistance based on the control of aspects other than temperature and humidity, such as reducing, oxidizing, inert atmospheres, or a mixture of said gases; said antecedent does not allow the displacement of the heater (oven), and the control temperature range is limited to the ranges of -40 ° C -60 ° C.
Otro antecedente relevante es el modelo de utilidad CN202372500, el cual se refiere a un dispositivo de prueba de envejecimiento de humedad y calor para materiales compuestos, este dispositivo pretende superar los defectos técnicos del equipo de envejecimiento sólo por factor de calor. Mediante el dispositivo se pueden realizar ensayos de aceleración de humedad y de envejecimiento térmico de múltiples estaciones, mecánicos y de carga por esfuerzo, y se proporcionan referencias teóricas para la aplicación del material compuesto. Another relevant background is the utility model CN202372500, which refers to a moisture and heat aging test device for composite materials, this device aims to overcome the technical defects of the aging equipment only by heat factor. Through the device, moisture acceleration and thermal aging tests of multiple stations, mechanical and stress loading, can be performed, and theoretical references are provided for the application of the composite material.
El dispositivo de prueba de envejecimiento por calor y humedad comprende una caja de envejecimiento, un sistema de sujeción de muestras, un sistema de ajuste de equilibrio y un sistema de medición de deformación por esfuerzo. Mediante el dispositivo se pueden realizar ensayos simultáneos de una a diez muestras, el equipo se utiliza en un intervalo de temperatura ambiente a 300°C, la fuerza de carga de cada muestra es de 0,5 a 8 toneladas, se puede realizar prueba continua de temperatura constante durante 5.000 horas o ensayo del ciclo térmico, y mediante la adopción del sistema de sujeción de la muestra, se puede asegurar el no deslizamiento y el no aflojamiento de las muestras bajo la condición de que se aplique una fuerza de tracción de 8 toneladas a las muestras. El dispositivo de prueba de envejecimiento por calor y humedad es simple en estructura y superior al equipo convencional en eficiencia de prueba, y las condiciones de prueba están de acuerdo con las condiciones reales de trabajo. The heat and humidity aging test device comprises an aging box, a sample clamping system, an equilibrium adjustment system and a stress strain measurement system. Simultaneous tests of one to ten samples can be carried out using the device, the equipment is used in an ambient temperature range at 300 ° C, the loading force of each sample is 0.5 to 8 tons, continuous testing can be performed constant temperature for 5,000 hours or thermal cycle test, and by adopting the sample clamping system, the non-slip and non-loosening of the samples can be ensured under the condition that a tensile force of 8 is applied tons to samples. The heat and humidity aging test device is simple in structure and superior to conventional test efficiency equipment, and the test conditions are in accordance with the actual working conditions.
Como se puede observar, el documento de patente CN202372500 no es apto para medir la resistencia mecánica en un homo de alta temperatura, tampoco es capaz de controlar atmósferas reductoras, oxidantes, inertes y una mezcla de dichos gases. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN As can be seen, patent document CN202372500 is not suitable for measuring mechanical resistance in a high temperature homo, nor is it capable of controlling reducing, oxidizing, inert atmospheres and a mixture of said gases. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a un equipo para la evaluación de la resistencia mecánica de materiales en función del control de la temperatura, que tiene capacidad de configurarse desde la temperatura de ambiente hasta una alta temperatura, preferiblemente hasta un rango entre los 1300 y 1600 °C, y en función del control de la atmósfera (reductora, oxidante, inerte, húmeda, seca, y con la posibilidad de crear atmósferas de mezclas de gases). The present invention relates to an equipment for the evaluation of the mechanical resistance of materials in function of the temperature control, which has the ability to be configured from room temperature to a high temperature, preferably up to a range between 1300 and 1600 ° C, and depending on the control of the atmosphere (reducing, oxidizing, inert, wet, dry, and with the possibility of creating atmospheres of gas mixtures).
En la industria existe una gran cantidad de materiales sometidos a esfuerzos mecánicos bajo diferentes condiciones atmosféricas que podrían llevarlos a un estado de deformación estacionario (fluencia) o en el peor de los casos a la fractura catastrófica, por este motivo se ha diseñado la presente invención la cual comprende: o un horno de alta temperatura, desde la temperatura de ambiente hasta un rango entre 1300°C y 1600°C, donde dicho horno comprende una cámara caliente de dos cuerpos; un panel de control de mandos con pasamuros, mangueras y cables de alta corriente para conexión con la cámara caliente; donde dicha cámara caliente del horno posee preferiblemente al menos dos paredes de revestimiento para disminuir la temperatura en la superficie exterior; In the industry there is a large amount of materials subjected to mechanical stresses under different atmospheric conditions that could lead them to a state of stationary deformation (creep) or in the worst case to catastrophic fracture, for this reason the present invention has been designed which comprises: or a high temperature oven, from room temperature to a range between 1300 ° C and 1600 ° C, wherein said oven comprises a two chamber hot chamber; a control panel with high-pass cables, hoses and cables for connection to the hot chamber; wherein said hot chamber of the oven preferably has at least two lining walls to decrease the temperature on the outer surface;
o un sistema de desplazamiento del horno, y un sistema de deslizamiento de los cuerpos de la cámara caliente del horno para la apertura y cierre; o un sistema de bridas para asegurar la estanqueidad que comprende al menos un racor con manguera para el ingreso de gases, al menos un racor con manguera para la salida de gases, al menos un racor con manguera para el ingreso de un líquido refrigerante, al menos un racor con manguera para la salida de dicho líquido, al menos un fuelle (preferiblemente de silicona flexible) para evitar la rigidez total del sistema y permitir la evaluación de la deformación en materiales; o un sistema portamuestras que comprende pistones de alúmina dentro de tubos de alúmina, este sistema portamuestras está acoplado en la parte intermedia del sistema de bridas, con resistencia a altas temperaturas (preferiblemente hasta 1600 °C), este sistema atraviesa a la cámara caliente del horno de alta temperatura cuando se encuentra en funcionamiento; or an oven displacement system, and a sliding system for the furnace hot chamber bodies for opening and closing; or a flange system to ensure the tightness comprising at least one fitting with hose for the entry of gases, at least one fitting with hose for the exit of gases, at least one fitting with hose for the entry of a cooling liquid, at less a fitting with hose for the exit of said liquid, at least one bellows (preferably flexible silicone) to avoid the total rigidity of the system and allow the evaluation of the deformation in materials; or a sample holder system comprising alumina pistons inside alumina tubes, this sample holder system is coupled in the intermediate part of the flange system, with high temperature resistance (preferably up to 1600 ° C), this system passes through the hot chamber of the high temperature oven when in operation;
o una máquina de ensayos universales, donde la zona móvil de ensayos se conecta con los extremos del sistema de bridas; or a universal testing machine, where the mobile test zone is connected to the ends of the flange system;
o al menos una válvula y al menos un caudalímetro para el control del flujo de gases y líquidos de refrigeración; or at least one valve and at least one flowmeter for the control of the flow of gases and cooling liquids;
o una fuente de poder para suministrar energía al horno y permitir la circulación de los gases y líquidos de refrigeración. or a power source to supply energy to the oven and allow the circulation of gases and cooling liquids.
Los sistemas anteriores, en conjunto, permiten medir la resistencia mecánica en función del control de diversas variables de temperatura y atmósfera. The previous systems, together, allow to measure the mechanical resistance in function of the control of diverse variables of temperature and atmosphere.
La ventaja técnica radica en que se puede contar con un equipo capaz de evaluar la resistencia mecánica de diversos materiales mientras se controla un amplio rango de temperaturas, desde la temperatura de ambiente hasta un rango entre 1300°C y 1600°C, y condiciones atmosféricas, por ejemplo, atmósferas reductoras, oxidantes, inertes, húmedas, secas y mezclas de gases (inerte + oxidante, inerte + reductor, inerte + reductor + aire húmedo, entre otros). La medición de algunas variables al interior de un horno de alta temperatura puede presentar varios desafíos: altas temperaturas, ciclos de temperatura y atmósferas hostiles, que exceden los límites de muchos equipos de medición, hacen que otros equipos reduzcan enormemente su tiempo de vida útil y ocasionan poca exactitud, estos problemas quedan superados con la presente invención. The technical advantage is that you can have a team capable of evaluating the mechanical resistance of various materials while controlling a wide range of temperatures, from room temperature to a range between 1300 ° C and 1600 ° C, and atmospheric conditions , for example, reducing, oxidizing, inert, humid, dry atmospheres and gas mixtures (inert + oxidizing, inert + reducing, inert + reducing + moist air, among others). The measurement of some variables inside a high temperature furnace can present several challenges: high temperatures, temperature cycles and hostile atmospheres, which exceed the limits of many measuring equipment, make other equipment greatly reduce its life time and cause little accuracy, these problems are overcome with the present invention.
A altas temperaturas, muchos materiales empiezan a reaccionar con la atmósfera circundante. Si esta atmósfera tiene muy poco oxígeno, ella puede sacar oxígeno del material que se está calentando, este tipo de atmósfera es llamada “reductora”; el calentamiento de gas normalmente ocasiona una atmósfera con deficiencia de oxígeno. Si la atmósfera es rica en oxígeno, el material que se está calentando va a capturar una parte de él, formando una capa de óxido, este tipo de atmósfera es llamada“oxidante”. El control de la atmósfera puede ser alcanzado de varias maneras. Gas puede ser canalizado hacia adentro del compartimento, lo que puede hacerse para crear una atmósfera inerte. At high temperatures, many materials begin to react with the surrounding atmosphere. If this atmosphere has very little oxygen, she can remove oxygen from the material that is being heated, this type of atmosphere is called "reducing"; gas heating usually causes an oxygen deficient atmosphere. If the atmosphere is rich in oxygen, the material that is being heated will capture a part of it, forming an oxide layer, this type of atmosphere is called "oxidizer." The control of the atmosphere can be achieved in several ways. Gas can be channeled into the compartment, which can be done to create an inert atmosphere.
Esta invención permite aportar y facilitar la investigación de propiedades mecánicas de materiales cerámicos, poliméricos, metálicos y compuestos, además de contribuir con información importante para la producción y manipulación de materiales de calidad en las diversas industrias del mundo. This invention makes it possible to contribute and facilitate the investigation of mechanical properties of ceramic, polymeric, metallic and composite materials, in addition to contributing important information for the production and handling of quality materials in the various industries of the world.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Para mejorar la comprensión de la presente invención se ha realizado un pliego de 7 figuras, dichas figuras tienen un fin netamente ilustrativo y no limitativo. To improve the understanding of the present invention a sheet of 7 figures has been made, said figures have a purely illustrative and non-limiting purpose.
Figura 1 : Vista Frontal del sistema de medidas termomecánicas en atmósfera controlada. Figure 1: Front view of the thermomechanical measurement system in a controlled atmosphere.
Figura 2: Vista posterior del sistema de medidas termomecánicas en atmósfera controlada. Figure 2: Rear view of the thermomechanical measurement system in a controlled atmosphere.
Figura 3: Brida inferior del sistema de atmósfera controlada. Figure 3: Lower flange of the controlled atmosphere system.
Figura 4: Brida intermedia del sistema de atmósfera controlada. Figure 4: Intermediate flange of the controlled atmosphere system.
Figura 5: Brida superior del sistema de atmósfera controlada. Figure 5: Upper flange of the controlled atmosphere system.
Figura 6: Vista del sistema de desplazamiento del horno de alta temperatura. Figura 7: Vista de desplazamiento vertical del horno de alta temperatura. Figure 6: View of the high temperature furnace displacement system. Figure 7: Vertical displacement view of the high temperature furnace.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN (DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN) (1 ) Máquina de ensayos universales. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION (DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION) (1) Universal testing machine.
(2) Célula de carga de 50kN. (2) 50kN load cell.
(3) Racor de liberación rápida (entrada de gases). (3) Quick release fitting (gas inlet).
(4) Brida superior de acero inoxidable. (4) Stainless steel top flange.
(5) Tubo cilindrico de alúmina. (5) Alumina cylindrical tube.
(6) Manguera de refrigeración por líquido. (6) Liquid cooling hose.
(7) Manguera de refrigeración por líquido. (7) Liquid cooling hose.
(8) Brida intermedia de acero inoxidable. (8) Stainless steel intermediate flange.
(9) Fuelle de silicona. (9) Silicone bellows.
(10) Racor de liberación rápida (salida de gases). (10) Quick release fitting (gas outlet).
(1 1) Brida inferior de acero inoxidable. (1 1) Stainless steel bottom flange.
(12) Fuente de poder para horno de alta temperatura. (12) Power source for high temperature furnace.
(13) Cable de conexión de la fuente de poder y el horno de alta temperatura. (13) Connecting cable of the power source and the high temperature oven.
(14) Cable de conexión de la fuente de poder y el horno de alta temperatura. (15) Sistema de desplazamiento vertical del horno de alta temperatura.(14) Connecting cable of the power source and the high temperature oven. (15) High temperature furnace vertical displacement system.
(16) Sistema de cierre y apertura de la cámara del horno de alta temperatura. (16) High temperature furnace chamber closing and opening system.
(17) Florno de alta temperatura. (17) Florno high temperature.
(18) Panel de control del horno de alta temperatura. (18) High temperature oven control panel.
(19) Tubo flexible de refrigeración por aire. (19) Flexible air cooling tube.
(20) Sistema de desplazamiento horizontal del horno de alta temperatura. (20) High temperature furnace horizontal displacement system.
(4.1) Pieza superior de brida superior. (4.1) Upper part of upper flange.
(4.2) Pistón cilindrico de alúmina. (4.2) Cylindrical alumina piston.
(4.3) Arandela de silicona. (4.3) Silicone washer.
(4.4) Pieza intermedia de brida superior. (4.4) Upper flange intermediate piece.
(4.5) Racor de liberación rápida (entrada de líquido de refrigeración). (4.5) Quick release fitting (cooling liquid inlet).
(4.6) Racor de liberación rápida (salida de líquido de refrigeración). (4.6) Quick release fitting (cooling liquid outlet).
(4.7) Pieza inferior de brida superior. (4.7) Lower part of upper flange.
(8.1) Pieza superior de brida intermedia. (8.1) Upper part of intermediate flange.
(8.2) Racor de liberación rápida (entrada de líquido de refrigeración). (8.2) Quick release fitting (cooling liquid inlet).
(8.3) Racor de liberación rápida (salida de líquido de refrigeración). (8.3) Quick release fitting (cooling liquid outlet).
(8.4) Arandela metálica con chaflán. (8.4) Metal washer with chamfer.
(8.5) Junta tonca. (1 1.1 ) Pistón cilindrico de alúmina. (8.5) Tonca board. (1 1.1) Cylindrical alumina piston.
En la Figura 1 y 2 se pueden observar los diferentes elementos que comprende la presente invención. La máquina de ensayos universales (1) comprende una célula de carga (2) la cual sirve para medir la fuerza en Newtons (N) que se ejerce sobre un área determinada; a dicha célula de carga (2) se acopla la brida superior (4) preferiblemente de acero inoxidable, ésta brida contiene un racor de liberación rápida para el ingreso de gases (3) y dos racores (ingreso y salida) donde se conectan mangueras de refrigeración (6 y 7). La función de la brida superior (4) es sujetar un extremo del tubo cilindrico de alúmina (5), en el otro extremo del tubo se conecta la brida intermedia (8) que también cuenta con racores de liberación rápida para el ingreso y salida de un líquido de refrigeración. El fuelle de silicona (9) se conecta, por un extremo, a la brida intermedia (8) y por el otro a la brida inferior (11 ), esta última contiene un racor de liberación rápida (10) para la salida de los gases de prueba. Desde la brida superior (4) hasta la brida inferior (11) constituye el sistema de atmósfera controlada. Por otro lado, la parte termomecánica del sistema innovador la constituyen el horno de alta temperatura (17), los cables (13 y 14) que conectan la fuente de poder (12) y el horno de alta temperatura y el panel de control del horno (18) que permite aumentar, disminuir, mantener constante la temperatura y permitir la circulación de los fluidos. Adicionalmente, el invento cuenta con un sistema de desplazamiento vertical (15) y un sistema de desplazamieto horizontal (20) y un sistema de deslizamiento para la apertura y cierre de la cámara del horno (16). In Figure 1 and 2 the different elements comprising the present invention can be observed. The universal testing machine (1) comprises a load cell (2) which serves to measure the force in Newtons (N) that is exerted on a given area; to said load cell (2) the upper flange (4) is preferably stainless steel, this flange contains a quick-release fitting for the entry of gases (3) and two fittings (inlet and outlet) where hoses are connected refrigeration (6 and 7). The function of the upper flange (4) is to hold one end of the alumina cylindrical tube (5), at the other end of the tube the intermediate flange (8) is connected, which also has quick-release fittings for the entry and exit of a cooling liquid The silicone bellows (9) is connected, on one end, to the intermediate flange (8) and on the other to the lower flange (11), the latter contains a quick-release fitting (10) for the gas outlet test. From the upper flange (4) to the lower flange (11) constitutes the controlled atmosphere system. On the other hand, the thermomechanical part of the innovative system is the high temperature furnace (17), the cables (13 and 14) that connect the power source (12) and the high temperature furnace and the oven control panel (18) that allows to increase, decrease, keep the temperature constant and allow the circulation of fluids. Additionally, the invention has a vertical displacement system (15) and a horizontal displacement system (20) and a sliding system for opening and closing the oven chamber (16).
En las figuras 3,4 y 5 se pueden observar los elementos que poseen cada brida, para asegurar la estanqueidad del sistema. Figures 3.4 and 5 show the elements that each flange has, to ensure the tightness of the system.
En las figuras 6 y 7 se puede observar una forma de realizar el sistema de desplazamiento horizontal y vertical del sistema. Figures 6 and 7 show a way to realize the system of horizontal and vertical displacement of the system.
La atmósfera es controlada por el sistema cerrado creado entre el horno y el sistema de bridas, donde el sistema de bridas comprende racores de liberación rápida de alta presión para el ingreso y salida de gases, un sistema portamuestras con tubo de alúmina de alta temperatura, juntas toncas que aseguran la estanqueidad del sistema, fuelles de silicona, mangueras para el flujo de los gases desde los contenedores o cualquier fuente de suministro de gases hacia los racores, al menos un caudalímetro y al menos una válvula para el control del flujo, contenedores de gases (inertes, oxidantes, reductores,...), compresor para generación de flujo de aire, matraces kitasato para humedecer el aire/gas (burbujeo en agua) o secar el aire/gas (silica gel). El horno de alta temperatura comprende, como se mencionó anteriormente, de una cámara caliente que está integrada al sistema de desplazamiento vertical/horizontal. Antes de empezar un ensayo termomecánico en atmósfera controlada, se debe cuidar que el horno de alta temperatura este alejado completamente de la máquina de ensayos universales y los dos cuerpos de la cámara caliente estén completamente cerrados. Al empezar un ensayo se debe fijar la muestra en el pistón inferior del portamuestras, luego introducir el pistón inferior dentro del tubo de alúmina del sistema cerrado, solo cuando el pistón está dentro del tubo de alúmina y las bridas metálicas se encuentran fijas al equipo de ensayos universales, el horno se puede abrir en sus cuerpos y desplazar hacia la máquina de ensayos universales. Se debe tener especial cuidado en la concentricidad de la cámara del horno, el equipo de ensayos universales y el tubo de alúmina del sistema cerrado, solo en esta situación se puede cerrar los cuerpos de la cámara del horno de alta temperatura. Las mangueras de refrigeración (6) y (7) permiten el ingreso y salida del líquido de refrigeración, preferiblemente de agua, para las bridas, las mangueras se conectan a las bridas a través de racores de liberación rápida y en el otro extremo se conectan a una fuente de poder que hace recircular agua enfriada por un mecanismo de inyección de aire u otro medio conocido en el estado de la técnica. La manguera de refrigeración de ingreso de líquidos se conecta en serie con el racor de la brida inferior y forma parte del sistema de refrigeración. Recordar que este sistema es muy importante porque justo donde están las bridas existe una junta tórica (8.5) de silicona que se podría degradar de no existir un sistema que procure enfriar las bridas, la degradación de las juntas tóricas de silicona pondrían en peligro la correcta sujeción del tubo de alúmina. En una forma de realización preferente la fuente de poder para la circulación del aire/gas es una compresora de aire y para la recirculación del líquido de refrigeración es una bomba conectada a las mangueras de refrigeración. The atmosphere is controlled by the closed system created between the furnace and the flange system, where the flange system comprises fittings of High pressure rapid release for the entry and exit of gases, a sample system with high temperature alumina tube, silky joints that ensure the system's tightness, silicone bellows, hoses for the flow of gases from containers or any source of gas supply to the fittings, at least one flowmeter and at least one valve for flow control, gas containers (inert, oxidants, reducers, ...), compressor for air flow generation, kitasato flasks to moisten the air / gas (bubbling in water) or drying the air / gas (silica gel). The high temperature furnace comprises, as mentioned above, a hot chamber that is integrated into the vertical / horizontal displacement system. Before starting a thermomechanical test in a controlled atmosphere, care must be taken that the high temperature furnace is completely away from the universal testing machine and the two hot chamber bodies are completely closed. At the beginning of a test, the sample must be fixed in the lower piston of the sample holder, then insert the lower piston into the alumina tube of the closed system, only when the piston is inside the alumina tube and the metal flanges are fixed to the equipment Universal tests, the oven can be opened in their bodies and moved to the universal testing machine. Special care should be taken in the concentricity of the furnace chamber, the universal test equipment and the alumina tube of the closed system, only in this situation can the bodies of the high temperature furnace chamber be closed. The cooling hoses (6) and (7) allow the inlet and outlet of the cooling liquid, preferably water, for the flanges, the hoses are connected to the flanges through quick-release fittings and at the other end they are connected to a power source that recirculates water cooled by an air injection mechanism or other means known in the state of the art. The liquid inlet cooling hose is connected in series with the bottom flange fitting and is part of the cooling system. Remember that this system is very important because just where the flanges are there is an O-ring (8.5) of silicone that could be If there is no system that seeks to cool the flanges, the degradation of the silicone O-rings would jeopardize the correct clamping of the alumina tube. In a preferred embodiment, the power source for the air / gas circulation is an air compressor and for the recirculation of the cooling liquid is a pump connected to the cooling hoses.
En una forma preferente el horno de alta temperatura comprende: In a preferred form the high temperature oven comprises:
• Un sistema de aislamiento que es de fibra cerámica de alúmina resistente hasta 1600 °C. • An insulation system that is made of resistant alumina ceramic fiber up to 1600 ° C.
• Una pluralidad de elementos calefactores en forma de U de disiliciuro de molibdeno, superkanthal. • A plurality of U-shaped heating elements of molybdenum disilicide, superkanthal.
• Termopar tipo B para control principal y otro auxiliar para calibración en el interior de la cámara. • Type B thermocouple for main control and other auxiliary for calibration inside the chamber.
• Controlador EUROTHERM 2416, con cuatro programas de 16 segmentos cada uno, para rampas, estancias y finalización. El módulo tiene incorporado un sistema de algoritmo avanzado PID, que permite un control preciso de la temperatura. • EUROTHERM 2416 controller, with four programs of 16 segments each, for ramps, rooms and completion. The module has an advanced PID algorithm system, which allows precise temperature control.
• Tiene instalado un control de potencia TIRISTOR por ángulo de fase • It has a TIRISTOR power control installed by phase angle
• Alarma fondo de escala alta incorporada en el controlador principal, que permite proteger contra sobrecalentamientos. • High-scale background alarm built into the main controller, which allows protection against overheating.
• Estructura de pretina robusta para soporte de cuerpos articulados, que permite conectarse a un brazo de soporte y desplazamiento integral del horno en una máquina de ensayos universales. • Robust waistband structure for support of articulated bodies, which allows to connect to a support arm and integral displacement of the oven in a universal testing machine.
• La cámara caliente del horno podría acoplarse de otras maneras con el sistema de bridas, sin necesidad de comprender solamente dos cuerpos, de tal manera que no se limite el alcance de protección de la presente invención. • The hot chamber of the oven could be coupled in other ways with the flange system, without the need to comprise only two bodies, so that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited.
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE2020000235U PE20201266Z (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2018-03-26 | EQUIPMENT FOR EVALUATING THE MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF MATERIALS AS A FUNCTION OF TEMPERATURE AND ATMOSPHERE |
| PCT/PE2018/000007 WO2019190335A1 (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2018-03-26 | Device for evaluating the mechanical strength of materials as a function of temperature and atmosphere |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/PE2018/000007 WO2019190335A1 (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2018-03-26 | Device for evaluating the mechanical strength of materials as a function of temperature and atmosphere |
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| WO2019190335A1 true WO2019190335A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/PE2018/000007 Ceased WO2019190335A1 (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2018-03-26 | Device for evaluating the mechanical strength of materials as a function of temperature and atmosphere |
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| WO (1) | WO2019190335A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023277712A1 (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2023-01-05 | Universidad Católica San Pablo | Integrated device for evaluating the mechanical properties of materials according to variable temperature and atmosphere |
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| PE20201266Z (en) | 2020-11-20 |
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