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WO2019168404A1 - Mobile perpétuel du deuxième genre - Google Patents

Mobile perpétuel du deuxième genre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019168404A1
WO2019168404A1 PCT/NO2019/000005 NO2019000005W WO2019168404A1 WO 2019168404 A1 WO2019168404 A1 WO 2019168404A1 NO 2019000005 W NO2019000005 W NO 2019000005W WO 2019168404 A1 WO2019168404 A1 WO 2019168404A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy
cycle
fluid
thermodynamic cycle
enthalpy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO2019/000005
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Arild Aaserud
Svein Olav HELLUM
Lãra Bjørk KRISTOFERSDOTTIR
Magnus EIRIKSSON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Entromission As
Original Assignee
Entromission As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Entromission As filed Critical Entromission As
Publication of WO2019168404A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019168404A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/04—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for the fluid being in different phases, e.g. foamed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • H internal energy (U) + pressure x volume (PV)
  • Enthalpy includes, in addition to internal energy, a component for mechanical energy; PV.
  • PV is the isothermal energy difference between enthalpy H and internal energy U.
  • Enthalpy is always more than internal energy.
  • thermodynamic cycle a cycle where the fluid state at the starting point equals the fluid state at the finishing point.
  • the ratio between enthalpy and internal energy is decisive for mechanical energy output, as well as for the absorbed thermal energy.
  • the present cycle is characterized by the energy output being based on the difference between enthalpy and internal energy. This feature presupposes a considerable PV.
  • a further premise is a high correlation between maximum PV and the enthalpy difference in the same expansion. As a consequence, the principle features are defined and limited by enthalpy and internal energy.
  • the calculation example demonstrates the function and the impact of the principle features, in practical use. It shows the expansion energy emitted and the thermal energy absorbed, as well as temperature reservoirs. In the calculation example, expansion energy is 3-4 times the amount of energy used for compression. Thus the procedure emits mechanical energy.
  • the liquid expands, simultaneously releasing mechanical energy.
  • this energy is 44.3 J/g.
  • Liquid expansion is from 678.53 kg/m 3 to 668.6 kg/m 3 .
  • Temperature decrease is from 255 K to 250.45 K.
  • the densified vapor compressed to 628 kg/m 3 , is mixed with the liquid component, density 680.51 kg/m 3 . Total density is then back at 678.53 kg/m 3 , with temperature 242.3 K and entropy 0.929 J/g*K.
  • Compression energy cost for completing the cycle is 12 joule per gram drive fluid, i.e. less than 1/3 of the emitted 44.3 J/g.
  • the expected advantage of this procedure is overlapping reservoir temperatures.
  • the densifving process from 0.94 to 628 kg/m 3
  • the isochoric heating process from 242.3 K to 255 K. are both achieved by means of a reservoir temperature between 264 K and 277 K.
  • entropy decrease and heat energy absorption may be accomplished by using a common temperature reservoir, such as 277 K (+4 °C).
  • a common temperature reservoir such as 277 K (+4 °C).
  • the present procedure is a contrast to the Carnot-process; a cycle unable to function without a significant difference between the reservoirs TH and TL.
  • fluid energy is converted into mechanical energy, initially by the isentropic change of pressure, emitting 44.3 J/g.
  • this is indicated by the points A -> Bs, optionally to BL + V (i.e. to 27.5 kg/m 3 and 241 K).
  • This device is located between S t + i/ and Bi/Bv ' n the calculation sketch. Its function is to separate liquid and vapor from the dual phase fluid, with the purpose of processing the vapor fluid.
  • liquid 680.51 kg/m 3 (241 K), constituting 96.7 % of the fluid mass is guided to liquid pump PL 1, state unchanged. In the calculation sketch, this is indicated by BL -> BL.
  • the device liquid filter is known from liquid air production (the Linde process) and from the separation of gas/condensed gas (oil, gas and petroleum processing industry).
  • C compressor the separation of gas/condensed gas
  • the compressor is driven by mechanical expansion energy; in the present sketch directly by the crankshaft.
  • the compressor performs mechanical work, and the energy demand is subtracted from the expansion energy.
  • compression temperature of the fluid is limited to 280 K. This cooling is provided by heat exchanger HEX 1.
  • the compressor is a static piston pump/compressor or a dynamic radial-/centrifugal compressor, optionally an axial compressor.
  • Cooling during densification is provided by heat exchanger HEX 1.
  • the compressor C and the heat exchanger HEX 1 are located between Bv and BVD At the point BVD, the density of 628 kg/m 3 is attained, and entropy decreases from 6.5733 J/g*K to 1.586 J/g*K.
  • the heat exchanger is, by function, the same device as a charging intercooler for turbocharged combustion engines; air-to-air (car) or air-to-water (marine diesel).
  • PL 1 is filled with 96.7 % of fluid mass, density 680.51 kg/m 3 , from liquid filter LF.
  • PL 2 is filled with 3.3 % of fluid mass, density 628 kg/m 3 , from heat exchanger HEX 1.
  • the liquid pumps PL 1 and PL 2 are driven by a gear and drive shaft from the crankshaft.
  • the pump pistons are most practically operated by a camshaft.
  • This heat exchanger corresponds the operation C -> A in the calculation sketch, i.e. isochoric heating from 242.3 K to 255 K.
  • the temperature reservoir for HEX 2 is 264 K in the calculation sketch and 277 K in the device illustration. Both temperatures will work, but heat transmission will be faster using 277 K. Any temperature above 255 K will work, meaning that a 277 K-reservoir may be utilized by both of the heat exchangers.
  • HEX 2 is, from the inside, exposed to high pressures; in the present version 30 MPa (300 bar). Materials must be selected, reinforced and sized correspondingly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention est une procédure d'extraction d'énergie mécanique à partir d'énergie thermique. Le procédé s'écarte en principe des procédés connus par le rendement énergétique sur la base de la différence entre l'enthalpie et l'énergie interne. La procédure est cohérente avec un cycle thermodynamique. Dans la description, la température du réservoir de refroidissement (TL) est de 277 K (+4 °C). Le réservoir de chauffage (TH) peut être à une température supérieure à 255 K (-18 °C). Il peut ainsi être de 277 K. Avec TH = TL pour les réservoirs, et l'énergie mécanique nette émise, le cycle répond aux critères de "une machine à mouvement perpétuel du deuxième genre". Les calculs sont basés sur des propriétés thermophysiques de l'institut National des Normes et de la Technologie (N.I.S.T.-US Département de Commerce). Le cycle thermodynamique et les calculs énergétiques ont été analysés et contrôlés par un professeur expert, au nom de SINTEF Tel-Tek. Le programme de simulation de procédé Aspen HYSYS a été appliqué.
PCT/NO2019/000005 2018-02-28 2019-02-28 Mobile perpétuel du deuxième genre Ceased WO2019168404A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20180312 2018-02-28
NO20180312A NO20180312A1 (no) 2018-02-28 2018-02-28 Metode for å utvinne mekanisk energi fra termisk energi

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019168404A1 true WO2019168404A1 (fr) 2019-09-06

Family

ID=67805835

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2019/000005 Ceased WO2019168404A1 (fr) 2018-02-28 2019-02-28 Mobile perpétuel du deuxième genre

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NO (1) NO20180312A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019168404A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO20211314A1 (no) * 2021-10-31 2023-05-01 Entromission As Mekanisme for energiutvinning

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO20240197A1 (no) * 2024-02-29 2025-09-01 Entromission As Perpetuum mobile type 2 for nitrogen og normale temperaturer

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020162330A1 (en) * 2001-03-01 2002-11-07 Youji Shimizu Power generating system
WO2005031123A1 (fr) * 2003-09-25 2005-04-07 City University Obtenir de la puissance d'une source thermique a faible temperature
US20070119175A1 (en) * 2002-04-16 2007-05-31 Frank Ruggieri Power generation methods and systems
EP2131105A1 (fr) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-09 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Procédé pour convertir une source de chaleur secondaire en puissance à l'aide d'une machine à expansion de fluide à deux phases
US20100269503A1 (en) * 2007-08-31 2010-10-28 Lengert Joerg Method and device for converting thermal energy of a low temperature heat source to mechanical energy
WO2011011983A1 (fr) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Wang Shiying Moteur primaire à flux thermique basse température, système de production de flux thermique à basse température, et méthode de production associée
WO2011012047A1 (fr) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Wang Shiying Système thermique générateur d’énergie multicycle et son procédé de réalisation
US20170002691A1 (en) * 2013-12-20 2017-01-05 Josef MÄCHLER Thermal power plant with heat recovery

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020162330A1 (en) * 2001-03-01 2002-11-07 Youji Shimizu Power generating system
US20070119175A1 (en) * 2002-04-16 2007-05-31 Frank Ruggieri Power generation methods and systems
WO2005031123A1 (fr) * 2003-09-25 2005-04-07 City University Obtenir de la puissance d'une source thermique a faible temperature
US20100269503A1 (en) * 2007-08-31 2010-10-28 Lengert Joerg Method and device for converting thermal energy of a low temperature heat source to mechanical energy
EP2131105A1 (fr) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-09 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Procédé pour convertir une source de chaleur secondaire en puissance à l'aide d'une machine à expansion de fluide à deux phases
WO2011011983A1 (fr) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Wang Shiying Moteur primaire à flux thermique basse température, système de production de flux thermique à basse température, et méthode de production associée
WO2011012047A1 (fr) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Wang Shiying Système thermique générateur d’énergie multicycle et son procédé de réalisation
US20170002691A1 (en) * 2013-12-20 2017-01-05 Josef MÄCHLER Thermal power plant with heat recovery

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO20211314A1 (no) * 2021-10-31 2023-05-01 Entromission As Mekanisme for energiutvinning

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