WO2019161468A1 - Building made of prefabricated bricks and method for constructing said building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a building (1) made of pefabricated bricks, comprising a foundation slab (2), two-part rods (7) formed by screws interconnected by nuts (8), the lower end of said screw rods being attached to the foundation slab (2), vertical walls (3) which are attached to the foundation slab (2) by means of the screws (7), and prefabricated bricks (9) containing a main, central opening (10) and secondary, right-hand (11) and left-hand (12) openings, left-hand (13) and right-hand (14) lateral recesses, and sunken sections (15) in the upper surface and in the lower surface of the bricks, the openings opening into the sunken sections (15), vertical channels (17) being formed as a result of the alignment of the main openings (10) with the recesses of the bricks (13, 14) of adjacent rows, and sinusoidal passages (18) being formed between the sunken sections (15) of the adjacent bricks, communicating with the vertical channels (17) inside the walls.

Description

 Report of the Invention Patent for "BUILDING WITH PREFABRICATED BRICKS AND ASSEMBLY PROCESS OF THIS BUILDING".

 The present invention relates to a building constructed of prefabricated bricks and a process of assembling said building with said prefabricated bricks.

 DESCRIPTION OF TECHNICAL STATE

 [002] Various forms of building construction are known from the state of the art, such as timber buildings, reinforced concrete, steel, bricks, etc. Bricks are blocks widely used in construction and usually made in the form of a rectangular prism. Its sequential positioning in conjunction with mortars allows the construction of various types of masonry used in the construction of buildings.

 [003] With the evolution of construction methods, methods of building brick buildings that do not require the use of mortars have been developed. These bricks often have methods of fitting together to promote practical and rapid wall construction.

 [004] An example of building brick which uses different locking means for fixing one brick to another and which does not require the use of mortars is described in PI0621718-4. The brick described in such a document is a rectangular block with horizontal and vertical protuberances, as well as cavities that allow horizontal and vertical fittings with adjacent wall bricks. The insert of the bricks forms a continuous vertical hole where a rod that runs the full height of the wall is installed.

[005] Document GB 2394730 B also presents buildings with walls made of parallelepipedal bricks, where bricks are fixed by rods through holes in the bricks. Unused holes for fixing the rods allow wiring and tubing to pass vertically through the walls. This mounting method eliminates the use of mortar and facilitates the construction of the building.

 However, prefabricated bricks, such as those described in the state of the art, generally have imperfect surfaces, resulting in defective aligned walls as they are fitted and screwed. This makes the building construction process difficult, requiring the presence of qualified labor and equipment or alignment methods for the construction of the walls.

 In addition, buildings made of ceramic bricks usually require plasterboard to increase the efficiency of thermal insulation of their internal area, especially when located in very hot regions. As a consequence, there is an increase in construction costs with specialized material and labor, as well as the generation of waste and the need for eventual maintenance.

 OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION

 One object of the prefabricated brick building of the present invention is to provide more effective thermal insulation than described in the prior art.

 Another object of the building of the present invention is to provide walls with wiring and pipe passages both vertically and horizontally.

 [0010] One object of the assembly process of the prefabricated brick building of the present invention is to enable faster assembly than state-of-the-art building assembly.

[0011] Another objective of the assembly process of this present The only thing to do is to build a building without having to hire specialized labor.

 Another objective of the assembly process of the present invention is to provide a building assembly process without waste generation, ensuring a clean work by not using mass mortar in the connection between the blocks.

 Another objective of the assembly process of the present invention is to provide a noise-free building assembly process.

 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

 The prefabricated brick building of the present invention comprises a horizontal top surface foundation slab comprising means for receiving split bolts; a plurality of rods, each rod being comprised of a series of split bolts connected to each other by nuts, and the lower end of each rod being fixed to the split bolt receiving means in the foundation slab; vertical walls fixed above the foundation slab by screws, the vertical walls comprising standard parallelepipedal prefabricated bricks comprising a central main hole, a right secondary hole, a left secondary hole, a left lateral recess and a right side recess, an upper surface undercut and a lower surface undercut, with the central main hole and the secondary holes leading into the upper and lower surface undercuts.

The building further comprises a crowning strap affixed to the upper surface of the walls, the crowning strap having holes positioned concentrically with the chimneys of those walls; and a prefabricated roof positioned on the upper surface of the crowning strap. In the building of the present invention, the bricks being laid in rows, wherein: the right secondary hole of a brick is positioned concentrically with the left secondary hole of another brick of the adjacent row, the main hole of each brick is positioned Concentrated with the joining of the side recesses of two adjacent bricks of the adjacent row, forming chimneys, a hollow region formed in lowering the upper surface of one brick is in communication with a hollow region formed in lowering the lower surface of another row brick. adjacent, communicating a plurality of hollow regions of the brick recesses form a sinusoidal passage within the walls; wherein the bricks are vertically joined by said split bolts and nuts constituting the rods, which traverse each wall vertically through the aligned secondary holes of the brick rows.

 The building wall of the present invention further comprises corner type bricks, wherein each corner type brick comprises a central main hole, a right secondary hole, a left secondary hole, a left side recess, a recess. right side, a lower surface recess and a lower surface recess, wherein one of the lateral recesses is positioned on the front or rear surface.

The building wall of the present invention further comprises corner wood bricks, wherein each corner wood brick comprises a central main hole, a right secondary hole, a left secondary hole, a side recess, a recess of the upper surface and a lowering of the lower surface, wherein the lateral surface opposite the surface comprising the lateral recess is a straight surface.

The building wall of the present invention comprises further middle type bricks, wherein each middle type brick comprises a secondary hole, a side recess, an upper surface recess and a lower surface recess, wherein the side surface opposite the surface comprising the side recess is a surface. where the length of the middle brick is half the length of the standard brick.

 The building wall of the present invention further comprises L-type bricks, wherein each L-type brick comprises one main hole, three secondary holes, two side recesses, one upper surface recess and one lower surface recess, wherein the L-type brick has an L-shaped body.

The building wall of the present invention further comprises gutter type bricks, wherein each gutter type brick comprises a central main hole, a right secondary hole, a left secondary hole, a left side recess, a recess. right side, a lower surface lowering, a lower surface lowering, and a longitudinal horizontal through hole.

 The bricks of the present invention comprised in the walls further comprise grooves in the surfaces that contact other bricks, where polyurethane is applied, wherein the grooves of each brick are aligned with the grooves of the bricks vertically and laterally adjacent.

 The prefabricated roof of the present invention comprises wooden trusses, connecting elements and shingles, wherein the shingles are positioned over the wooden trusses which are joined by the connecting elements. Alternatively the prefabricated roof of the present invention comprises a precast concrete slab.

The process of assembling a prefabricated brick building of the present invention comprises the steps of preparing providing a horizontal top surface foundation slab comprising split bolt receiving means; mount vertical walls of the building with prefabricated bricks; prepare a crowning band around the perimeter of the building's masonry; and positioning a prefabricated roof on the upper surface of the crowning strap.

 The wall mounting step of the present invention comprises the steps of: (a) securing in a first row the bevelled screws in the foundation slab receiving means by tapping, (b) positioning the bricks in the first row according to a predetermined plan for the building, so that the bipartite screws fixed in the foundation slab receiving means are inserted into the secondary holes of the bricks, and so that the lateral recess of a brick meets the lateral recess of an adjacent brick forms a region identical to the main brick hole region, (c) inserting prisms into the main holes and the regions of the brick recesses, aligning the sideways adjacent bricks, (d) threading nuts on the exposed threads of the split spindles until the bricks lock, with half of the nut thread still free to receive a single-row screw (e) remove the prisms from the main holes and the recesses of the brick recesses, (f) attach split bolts to the free half of the nuts locking the bricks of the lower row,

(g) positioning the bricks in the upper row with the secondary holes by passively receiving the split bolts attached to the lower row thread, and so that the main brick holes of said upper row are aligned concentrically with the meeting regions of the lower rows. side recesses of the bottom row bricks,

(h) repeat steps (c), (d), (e) and (f) for the bricks positioned in step (g), and (i) repeat steps (g) and (h) until the wall reaches the height desired, with the upper row bricks in one step (g) being the lower row bricks in the subsequent step (g).

 The step of preparing the crowning strap of the present invention comprises: (j) positioning chute blocks on the upper surface of the bricks of the last row, (I) obstructing the main holes and the meeting regions of the side recesses of the bricks of the last row. last row with removable obstructors, (m) fill the gutter blocks with a concrete mix, and (n) remove removable obstructors from the main holes and meeting regions of the last row brick recesses by connecting the internal chimneys of the walls with the external area of the building

 The process according to the present invention further comprises a step of applying polyurethane to grooves present in the brick surfaces prior to the step of positioning the bricks in the upper row.

 In addition, the bricks of the wall-mounting step are selected from standard bricks, corner bricks, bush bricks, middle bricks, “L” bricks, and gutter bricks.

 The prefabricated roof of the process of assembling a prefabricated brick building according to the present invention comprises wooden trusses, connecting elements and shingles, wherein the shingles are positioned over the wooden trusses which are joined by the connecting elements. Alternatively the prefabricated roof comprises a precast concrete slab.

 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

 The present invention will hereinafter be described in more detail based on an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawings. The figures show:

[0031] Figure 1 - is a perspective view of the building with prefabricated bricks according to the present invention;

 Figure 2 is a perspective view of part of the foundation slab according to the present invention;

 Figure 3 is a side view of the split bolt and nut according to the present invention;

 Figure 4 is a perspective view of the wall according to the present invention in a partially assembled state;

 Figure 5.1 is a top view of the standard type brick according to the present invention;

 Figure 5.2 is a top view of the corner type brick according to the present invention;

 Figure 5.3 is a top view of the bush-like brick of the present invention;

 Figure 5.4 is a top view of the middle type brick in accordance with the present invention;

 Figure 5.5 is a top view of the L-type brick according to the present invention;

 Figure 5.6 is a top view of the gutter brick according to the present invention;

 Figure 6.1 is a perspective and cross-sectional view of the wall according to the present invention;

 Figure 6.2 is a front and sectional view of the wall according to the present invention;

 [0043] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the crowning strap according to the present invention;

 Figure 8 is a flowchart of the main building assembly steps in accordance with the present invention;

 Figure 9 is a flow chart of the steps of assembling the walls of the building in accordance with the present invention; and

Figure 10 - is a flowchart of the steps of preparing the strap of the building in accordance with the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

 Figure 1 shows a building 1 with prefabricated bricks according to the present invention. The building comprises a foundation slab 2, vertical walls 3 fixed above the foundation slab 2, a crowning strap 4 fixed to the upper surface of the walls and a prefabricated roof 5 positioned on the upper surface of the crowning strap 4.

 The upper surface of the foundation slab 2 is preferably horizontal, with the slab comprising means for receiving split bolts 7. This feature can be seen in Figure 2. The receiving means 6 for split bolts 7 are preferred. The nuts are fixed to the slab 2 and positioned in such a way as to allow the threading of screws in their internal thread. However, the receiving means 6 are not limited to nuts, but may also be threads formed on the slab 2 itself, holes that fit the screw thread or other securing means that result in the same effect.

Split bolts 7 are cylindrical bolts that have threads at both ends and are shown in Figure 3. When connected in series by means of nuts 8, split bolts 7 form a rod. The lower end of each rod is fixed to the split bolt receiving means 6 on the foundation slab 2, thereby securing the vertical walls 3 to the foundation slab 2 without the need for mortar or other waste generating means. The nuts 8 used to form the rods are quick-threaded nuts sized to accommodate the ends of two split bolts 7. For this purpose, these quick-threaded nuts 8 have a length greater than the thread length at the end of the nuts. screws 7, preferably at least twice the length of these threads.

 Figure 4 shows a segment of a vertical wall 3 according to the present invention comprising parallelepipedal prefabricated bricks 9. Positioning a plurality of prefabricated bricks 9 in the same plane forms a row and the assembly in a row on the other form the vertical walls 3 of the building. The bricks of a row are usually offset from the vertically adjacent row bricks above or below. Thus, the central part of a row brick is aligned with the ends of the row brick above and below it.

Prefabricated bricks 9 may have different characteristics depending on the purpose of their use or placement in the row. The brick 9 that makes up most of the wall is the standard prefabricated brick 9a which comprises a central main hole 10, a right secondary hole 11, a left secondary hole 12, a left side recess 13, a right side recess 14, an upper surface undercut 15 and a lower surface undercut (not shown), and is shown in Figure 5.1. The central main hole 10 and the right and left secondary holes 12 are formed in the lowering region of the upper 15 and lower surfaces.

One of the purposes of the central main hole 10 is to facilitate the alignment of bricks 9 positioned on adjacent rows. This is because the joining of the side recesses 13, 14 of two neighboring bricks forms a hole identical to the central main hole 10 of the bricks 9. This alignment is accomplished by means of a prism bar 16 which can be inserted into both holes. 10 in the meeting regions of the recesses 13, 14 of the bricks 9, aligning the bricks laterally adjacent to each other and the bricks of the vertically adjacent.

 As can be seen from Figures 6.1 and 6.2, the vertical alignment of the main holes 10 with the meeting regions of the recesses 13, 14 of the bricks 9 forms vertical chimneys 17 within the entire length of the walls 3 after removal. of the prisms 16, which are used only at the time of brick alignment 9. These chimneys 17 significantly improve the thermal insulation between the inner and outer regions of the building, making it possible to maintain a pleasant interior temperature even on very hot days. . This is because heat transferred from the outside to the bricks 9 is also transferred to the air inside the chimney 17. Since hot air is lighter than cold air, it tends to rise and is expelled in the region. top of the wall. However, this effect is only achieved because the crowning strap 4 of building 1 of the present invention has distinct characteristics compared to the crowning straps known in the prior art as will be explained later.

The right 11 and left 12 secondary holes are sized to receive the split bolts 7 that form the rod. By virtue of the displacement between the row bricks vertically from the building wall, the right secondary hole 11 of a brick 9 is positioned concentrically with the left secondary hole 12 of another brick of the adjacent row. When positioning one brick over the other, the split bolt 7 is inserted into one of the secondary holes 11, 12, being threaded into the nut 8 positioned below said secondary hole 11, 12. After alignment with the prisms 16, the upper thread The exposed part of the split bolt 7 receives the nut 8 which is threaded to the locking of the brick 9, whereby half of the internal thread of the nut 8 remains free to receive a bolt 7 from an upper row and continue wall mounting 3. The undercuts 15 of the upper and lower surfaces must be sized such that it is possible to position at least one nut 8 between two bricks 9, i.e. the depth size of each undercut 15 must be at least half the length. nut 8 used to form the rod. In addition, the wall 3 must be mounted such that a hollow region formed by the lowering 15 of a brick is in communication with a hollow region formed by lowering 15 of the opposite surface of another brick of the adjacent row. This mounting feature of the walls 3 allows the formation of communication between the hollow regions of the bricks, wherein the communication of a plurality of hollow regions of the brick recesses forms a sinusoidal passage 18 within the walls, which is shown by the arrows in figure 6.2.

 The formation of the sine passages allows air to flow in a horizontal direction within the walls 3. As can be seen from Figure 6.2, these sine passages 18 interconnect all the vertical chimneys 17 present within the walls 3 once that the main holes 10 flow into the recesses 15 of the bricks. Thus, unlike the passages formed within walls described in the prior art, if a chimney 17 is blocked for any reason, such as the presence of piping or a structural malfunction, the airflow of said chimney 17 is not interrupted, but diverted through the sinusoidal passages 18 to other chimneys 17, ensuring effective thermal insulation of the interior of the building 1.

Another advantage of the sinusoidal passages 18 is the possibility of wiring between any two rows of the walls 3 of the building 1 without the need to create a horizontal passageway specifically for this purpose. Therefore, the need to break walls is unnecessary for the creation of a new passage. of wiring after the completion of the building.

 In short, the sinusoidal passages 18 present within the walls 3 make it possible to construct the rods from the split bolts 7 and the fast-threaded nuts 8 during the construction process of building 1, due to the hollow region formed between the rows that allow the positioning of the nuts 8. This eliminates the need to use long length metal rods with defined lengths, which are complicated to transport, and which limit the height of the building. The construction of the rod from nuts and spindles allows the builder to determine the desired height for the building as he or she prefers.

 These sinusoidal passages 18 also increase the efficiency of the thermal insulation of the inner region of building 1 and allow wiring to pass through the walls in a practical and rapid manner.

 The standard brick 9a further comprises narrow grooves 19 on the surfaces that are aligned with the grooves 19 of the other horizontally and vertically adjacent channels 9, forming channels. In these grooves 19 polyurethane is applied to seal the inner region of the house from the outer region, protecting the inner region against the entry of unwanted elements such as dust, water, light, noise, wind, etc. When applied, the polyurethane reacts instantly with the humidity of the air, expanding up to 80 times its original volume, providing a tightness characteristic to the walls 3 of the building 1. The grooves formed by the grooves 19 allow this polyurethane to be applied It is simple, for example, with a metering pump, since the polyurethane once applied flows through the grooves inside the canal, without the formation of residues, unlike the use of mortar.

Another feature that ensures the watertightness of the building 1 is the fact that bricks 9 have water repellent properties due to the addition of water repellent materials to the brick composition itself 9. The water repellent properties of bricks 9 prevent water from penetrating the walls and preserve the exterior paint of the building in good condition over long periods of time.

 In addition to the standard prefabricated brick 9a, the building wall 3 of the present invention also comprises prefabricated bricks with specific characteristics for use in strategic positions. Such bricks have basically the same characteristics as described above for standard bricks 9a and the same assembly principle, but with different details.

 Corner type brick 9b, shown in Figure 5.2, has the same characteristics as standard brick 9a except that one of the side recesses 13 is positioned on the front or rear surface, rather than the side surface. This feature allows it to be positioned on the edges of building 1 by creating an angle of 90 ° between two walls 3, ensuring the formation of the vertical chimney 17 on which the recess 13, 14 of a standard brick 9a meets the front or rear surface of the brick. corner type 9b.

 The corner-type brick 9c, shown in Figure 5.3, also has the same characteristics as the standard brick 9a, however, this brick has side recess 14 on one side, forming a straight surface on the other side. . This brick is used at the ends of external or internal walls, finishing the regions where doors and windows will be installed. Doors and windows are installed in the building in a conventional manner as known in the prior art and therefore, the recesses 13, 14 of the standard brick 9a could impair this installation.

The middle brick 9d, shown in Figure 5.4, is equivalent to half of a corner brick 9b and is also used in edges of the outer or inner walls. This brick is positioned in rows different from those using corner brick 9b, since, like the bricks that make up wall 3, they are moved in half brick to adjacent rows, half brick 9d ensures that the brick. docking surface of doors and windows is a straight surface.

 The L 9e type brick shown in Figure 5.5 is equivalent to a standard type 9a brick, but with a continuation similar to a middle type 9d brick extending from the front or rear surface so as to form an essentially L-shaped body. These bricks are positioned in regions where the inner walls of the house meet the outer walls, ensuring a more robust fixation between the walls.

 The gutter brick 9f, shown in Figure 5.6, is a brick with the same characteristics as the standard 9a brick, but with a longitudinal horizontal through hole 20. This hole 20 allows the passage of pipes, belts and lintels. when it is not possible to use the sinusoidal passages 18 present in the walls 3.

 In Figure 7 it can be seen that along the entire perimeter of the building and above the walls 3 of the building 1 of the present invention, a crowning strap 4 is attached for masonry mooring. This crowning belt 4 is preferably composed of a fine-grained, very fine fluid concrete mixture consisting of cement, sand, gravel and water. However, other mixtures with similar effects may also have the crowning strap 4.

The crowning strap 4 comprises vertical through-holes 21 positioned concentrically with the vertical chimneys 17 of the walls 3. This feature is essential to allow warm air rising from the chimneys 17 to be expelled from the region. top of the walls 3, ensuring the thermal insulation of the interior of building 1. Without the holes 21 of the crowning strap 4, there would be no adequate air circulation through the sinusoidal passages 18 and the vertical wall chimneys 17, because the air which would be enclosed within the walls 3 impairing the thermal insulation.

 For the creation of the holes 21 of the crowning strap 4 it is necessary to obstruct the main holes 10 and the regions of the side recesses 13, 14 of the bricks 9 of the last row with a removable obstructor. The removable obstructor may be any element similar to the alignment prism or a common pipe that allows to obstruct the main holes 10 and the meeting regions of the lateral recesses 13, 14 when the crowning strap 4 is prepared to prevent blocking the chimneys 17 with the concrete mixture constituting the crowning belt 4. In addition, the removable obstructor must be longer than the height of the crowning belt 4 ensuring that the hole 21 of the crowning belt 4 is a through hole.

 For the preparation of the crowning strap 4, chute blocks (molds) are positioned on the upper surface of the bricks of the last row. Next, the main holes 10 and the meeting regions of the side recesses 13, 14 of the bricks 9 of the last row are blocked with the removable obstructors, and the chute blocks are filled with the concrete mixture. After hardening of the concrete, the removable obstructions can be removed by creating a connection between the chimneys 17 of the inner walls and the outer area of the building. Finally, the chute blocks must be removed.

Above the crowning strap 4 of the building of the present invention is the prefabricated roof 5 comprising wooden trusses, connecting elements and shingles. The connecting elements They are preferably made of galvanized steel and allow the joining of the wooden trusses without the use of nails, screws, glues or the like. The shingles are positioned over the wooden trusses and are fitted using practices already known in the state of the art.

Alternatively, roof 5 of building 1 may be comprised of a vinyl membrane waterproofed precast concrete slab and mortar cover for mechanical membrane protection. The precast concrete slab can be further coated with non-slip high strength ceramic.

 Figure 8 shows the steps of the prefabricated brick building assembly process of the present invention. The building assembly process comprises the steps of:

 Preparing a horizontal top surface foundation slab comprising split bolt receiving means;

Assemble vertical walls of the building with prefabricated bricks;

 Prepare a crowning strap around the perimeter of the building masonry; and

 Position a prefabricated roof on the upper surface of the crowning strap.

 The wall mounting step comprises the following sub-steps shown in Figure 9:

 (a) fix in a first row the split screws in the foundation slab receiving means by threading,

(b) position the bricks in the first row according to a predetermined plan for the building, so that the split bolts fixed in the foundation slab receiving means are inserted into the secondary holes of the bricks, and so that the side recess encounter of a brick with the side recess of an adjacent brick form a region identical to the main hole region of the bricks

 (c) inserting prisms into the main holes and the recesses of the brick recesses, aligning the laterally adjacent bricks and the bricks;

 (d) thread nuts into the exposed threads of the split bolts until the bricks lock, with half of the nut thread remaining free to accommodate a bolt from a higher row,

 (e) remove the prisms from the main holes and the meeting regions of the brick recesses,

 (f) attach split bolts to the free half of the nuts locking the bricks of the lower row,

 (g) positioning the bricks in the upper row with the secondary holes by passively receiving the split bolts attached to the lower row thread, and so that the main brick holes of said upper row are aligned concentrically with the recess meeting regions. lower side bricks,

 (h) repeat steps (c), (d), (e) and (f) for the bricks positioned in step (g), and

 (i) repeat steps (g) and (h) until the wall reaches the desired height, where the upper row bricks in one step (g) are the lower row bricks in the subsequent step (g).

Additionally, the wall mounting step also comprises a sub-step of applying polyurethane to the grooves present in the brick surfaces prior to the step of positioning the bricks in the upper row. This polyurethane seal is intended to seal the inner region of the house from the outer region, protecting the inner region from ingress of unwanted elements such as dust, water, light, noise, wind, etc., as previously described. The step of preparing the crowning strap comprises the following sub-steps shown in Figure 10:

 (j) position chute blocks on the upper brick surface of the last row of the building walls,

 (I) obstruct the main holes and the meeting regions of the side recesses of the bricks of the last row with removable obstructions;

 (m) fill the gutter blocks with a concrete mixture, and

 (n) remove the removable obstructions from the main holes and regions of the brick recesses of the last row, connecting the chimneys of the inner wall with the outer area of the building.

 REFERENCE LIST

 building 1

 foundation slab 2

 vertical wall 3

 crowning strap 4

 roof 5

 receiving means 6

 split screws 7

 nuts 8

 prefabricated bricks 9

 standard prefabricated brick 9a

 corner brick 9b

 brick kills corner 9c

 9d half brick

 brick type 9e

 9f gutter brick

main hole 10 right secondary hole 11

left secondary hole 12 left side recess 13 right side recess 14

demotion 15

prism 16

vertical chimney 17

sine passage 18

grooves 19

longitudinal horizontal through hole 20 vertical through holes 21

Claims

 1. Building (1) with prefabricated bricks, characterized by the fact that it comprises:  a foundation slab (2) with horizontal upper surface comprising means for receiving (6) split bolts (7);  a plurality of rods, each rod being constituted by a series of split bolts (7) connected to each other by nuts (8), and the lower end of each rod is fixed to the receiving means (6) of split screws (7) on the foundation slab (2);  vertical walls (3) fixed above the foundation slab (2) by means of screws (7), vertical walls (3) comprising standard parallelepipedal prefabricated bricks (9a) comprising a central main hole (10), a hole right secondary recess (11), a left secondary recess (12), a left side recess (13) and a right side recess (14), an upper surface recess (15) and a lower surface recess, with the main center (10) and the secondary holes (11, 12) of flush in the recesses (15) of the upper surface and the lower surface,  the bricks (9a) being arranged in rows, in which:  - the right secondary hole (11) of one brick is positioned concentrically with the left secondary hole (12) of another brick of the adjacent row,  - the main hole (10) of each brick is centrally positioned with the joining of the side recesses (13, 14) of two adjacent bricks of the adjacent row forming chimneys (17), - a hollow region formed in the lower surface recess 15 of one brick is in communication with a hollow region formed in the lower surface recess of another row brick adjacent  communicating a plurality of hollow regions of the brick recesses (15) form a sinusoidal passage (18) within the walls;  wherein the bricks (9a) are vertically joined by said split bolts (7) and nuts (8) constituting the rods, which cross each wall vertically through the aligned secondary holes (11, 12) of the brick rows,  the building (1) further comprising a crowning strap (4) fixed to the upper surface of the walls (3), the crowning strap (4) comprising holes (21) concentrically positioned with the chimneys (17) of these walls; and  a prefabricated roof (5) positioned on the upper surface of the crowning strap (4).  Building according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall (3) further comprises corner-type bricks (9b), wherein each corner-type brick (9b) comprises a central main hole (10). ), a right secondary hole (11), a left secondary hole (12), a left side recess (13), a right side recess (14), an upper surface undercut (15) and a lower surface undercut, wherein one of the side recesses (13, 14) is positioned on the front surface or the rear surface. Building according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wall (3) further comprises corner-type bricks (9c), wherein each corner-type brick (9c) comprises a hole. central main hole (10), a right secondary hole (11), a left secondary hole (12), a side recess (13), an upper surface undercut (15) and a lower surface undercut, wherein the lateral surface opposite to the surface comprising The side recess (13) is a straight surface.  Building according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall (3) further comprises middle type bricks (9d), wherein each middle type brick (9d) comprises a secondary hole (11). ), a side recess (13), an upper surface undercut (15) and a lower surface undercut, wherein the lateral surface opposite the surface comprising the lateral recess (13) is a straight surface, and wherein the length half brick (9d) is half the length of the standard brick (9a).  Building according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall (3) further comprises L-type bricks (9e), wherein each L-type brick (9e) comprises a main hole (10). ), three secondary holes (11), two side recesses (13, 14), a lower surface recess (15) and a lower surface recess, wherein the L-type brick (9e) has a shaped body. "L"  Building according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall (3) further comprises gutter type bricks (9f), wherein each gutter type brick (9f) comprises a central main hole (9). 10), a right side hole (11), a left side hole (12), a left side hole (13), a right side hole (14), an upper surface recess (15), a surface recess bottom and a longitudinal horizontal through hole (20). Building according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bricks (9) with the walls (3) further comprise grooves (19) in the surfaces which come into contact with other bricks (9); where polyurethane is applied, where the grooves (19) of each brick (9) are aligned with the grooves (19) of the bricks (9) vertically and laterally adjacent.  Building according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the prefabricated roof (5) comprises wooden trusses, connecting elements and shingles, whereby the shingles are positioned on the wooden trusses that form the roof. are joined by the connecting elements.  Building according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the prefabricated roof (5) comprises a precast concrete slab.  Method of assembling a building (1) with prefabricated blocks as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:  preparing a foundation slab (2) with horizontal upper surface comprising biped bolt receiving means (6);  mounting vertical walls (3) of building (1) with prefabricated bricks, wherein the step of mounting walls comprises:  (a) securely fasten the split bolts (7) to the receiving means (6) of the foundation slab (2) by threading,  (b) positioning the bricks (9) in the first row according to a predetermined plan for the building (1), so that the split screws (7) fixed to the receiving means (6) of the foundation slab (2) are inserted into the secondary holes (11, 12) of the bricks (9), and such that the meeting of the side recess (13) of a brick (9) with the side recess (14) of an adjacent brick (9) forms a region identical to the region of the main hole (10) of the bricks (9), (c) inserting prisms (16) into the main holes (10) and into the meeting regions of the recesses (13, 14) of the bricks (9), aligning the bricks (9) laterally adjacent to each other,  (d) threading nuts (8) into the exposed threads of split bolts (7) to the locking of bricks (9), with half of the nut thread (8) still free to accommodate a bolt (7) of a higher row,  (e) removing the prisms (16) from the main holes (10) and the recesses of the brick recesses (13, 14),  (f) secure split bolts (7) on the free half of the nuts (8) locking the bricks (9) of the lower row,  (g) position the bricks (9) in the upper row with the secondary holes (11, 12) by passing the split bolts (7) fixed to the thread (8) of the lower row, and so that the main holes ( 10) the bricks (9) of said upper row are aligned concentrically with the meeting regions of the side recesses (13,14) of the bricks (9) of the lower row;  (h) repeat steps (c), (d), (e) and (f) for the bricks (9) positioned in step (g), and  (i) repeat steps (g) and (h) until wall (3) reaches the desired height, with the bricks (9) of the upper row in one step (g) being the bricks (9) of the row lower in the subsequent step (g);  preparing a crowning strap (4) around the perimeter of the building masonry (1), wherein the step of preparing the crowning strap (4) comprises:  (j) position chute blocks on top surface of bricks (9) from the last row,  (L) obstruct the main holes (10) and the regions of the side recesses (13, 14) of the bricks (9) of the last row with removable obstructions; (m) fill the gutter blocks with a concrete mixture, and (n) remove the removable obstructions from the main holes (10) and the recesses of the recesses (13, 14) of the bricks (9) of the last row by connecting the chimneys (17) of the inner wall region (3) with the external area of the building; and  position a prefabricated roof (5) on the upper surface of the crowning strap (4).  Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that it comprises a step of applying polyurethane to grooves (19) present on the brick surfaces (9) prior to the step of positioning the bricks (9) on the upper row.  Process according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the bricks (9) of the wall mounting step (3) are selected from standard type bricks (9a), corner type bricks (9b). cornerwood bricks (9c), middle bricks (9d), “L” bricks (9e) and gutter bricks (9f) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7.  Method according to any one of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the prefabricated roof (5) comprises wooden trusses, connecting elements and shingles, wherein the shingles are positioned on the wooden trusses. which are joined by the connecting elements.  Method according to any one of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the prefabricated roof comprises a precast concrete slab.