WO2019039209A1 - 導電性ペースト、立体印刷回路、タッチセンサーおよびそれらの製法 - Google Patents
導電性ペースト、立体印刷回路、タッチセンサーおよびそれらの製法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019039209A1 WO2019039209A1 PCT/JP2018/028585 JP2018028585W WO2019039209A1 WO 2019039209 A1 WO2019039209 A1 WO 2019039209A1 JP 2018028585 W JP2018028585 W JP 2018028585W WO 2019039209 A1 WO2019039209 A1 WO 2019039209A1
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- Prior art keywords
- conductive paste
- resin
- molding
- silver particles
- molding according
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/14—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
- H05K3/1275—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns by other printing techniques, e.g. letterpress printing, intaglio printing, lithographic printing, offset printing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/0806—Silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
- G06F2203/04103—Manufacturing, i.e. details related to manufacturing processes specially suited for touch sensitive devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a conductive paste, and more specifically, a circuit sheet having a three-dimensional structure used in a switch portion of a display panel or operation panel for home appliances, a mobile phone, a portable information device, an automobile interior part, etc.
- the present invention relates to a conductive paste for molding which is used to form a wiring for a printed wiring board and a three-dimensional circuit component.
- the present invention relates to a conductive paste capable of preventing disconnection of a circuit pattern due to heating and drawing at the time of molding.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a conductive laminate in which a conductive layer is formed using a silver salt method or a carbon nanotube, heat drawing is performed in a tensile test for each substrate, and the resistance value change rate at a stretch ratio of 20% is good. doing.
- a conductive layer is subjected to press molding, vacuum molding, or the like, there is a problem that disconnection occurs in the circuit pattern due to larger thermal deformation.
- the wiring is formed by printing a conductive paste on a resin base material, and the method of obtaining a three-dimensional shape by thermoforming a base material is proposed.
- flake-like silver powder is used in the proposed conductive paste, and when it is formed into a 3D shape such as a dome shape required in recent years or a more complicated shape, the wire is broken due to stretching at the time of heating Alternatively, problems such as peeling of wiring may occur.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a conductive paste in which a laminate having a circuit pattern does not cause disconnection of the circuit pattern due to heating and drawing even in a process in which molding by heat and pressure is performed.
- the present invention has the following constitution.
- a conductive paste for molding which contains aggregated silver particles, a resin having a glass transition temperature of 80 ° C. or less, a curing agent and a solvent.
- the primary particle diameter is a number average particle diameter measured by magnifying observation with a scanning electron microscope.
- a three-dimensional printed circuit comprising a wiring formed of the conductive paste for molding according to any one of the above [1] to [6].
- a touch sensor having a wiring formed of the conductive paste for molding according to any one of the above [1] to [6].
- a method for producing a three-dimensional printed circuit comprising printing the conductive paste for molding according to any one of the above [1] to [6] on a thermoplastic base material and thermally deforming it.
- a method for producing a touch sensor having a non-planar structure characterized in that the conductive paste for molding according to any one of [1] to [6] is printed on a transparent thermoplastic substrate and thermally deformed. .
- the conductive paste for molding process of the present invention printing is performed on a substrate using a paste which does not cause breakage of the conductive portion even in heating and drawing at the time of molding and which is excellent in adhesion to the substrate, It becomes possible to provide a molded product manufactured by molding processing.
- the conductive paste for molding process of the present invention can be suitably used particularly when a thermoplastic resin having transparency such as PET, PEN, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene or the like is used as a substrate, and the deformation ratio is particularly 100. %, Preferably 120%, more preferably 135%, can be followed without breaking even large deformation processing.
- Silver powder is preferable as the conductive powder used in the present invention in consideration of conductivity, stability, cost and the like.
- the shape of the silver powder may be flake-like (phosphorus-like), spherical including an irregular form, plate-like, dendritic (dendritic), a form in which spherical or amorphous primary particles are three-dimensionally aggregated (aggregated silver particles Among them, use of aggregated silver powder (aggregated silver particles) can prevent the occurrence of disconnection even after being formed into a three-dimensional shape, and maintain conductivity.
- flake silver is used as the silver powder, the particles are likely to be oriented due to a large aspect ratio, stress is concentrated at the time of stretching, and breakage is likely to occur.
- the ductility at the time of molding is better than that of the flakes, but disconnection may occur particularly under severe stretching conditions such as a recess. This is considered to be due to the fact that the spherical silver is uniformly dispersed, so that it is uniformly drawn following the resin at the time of drawing, and the contact between particles can not be secured. However, if the amount of the conductive filler is increased to secure the contact point, the flexibility of the coating film at the time of stretching can not be secured, and a break occurs.
- the aggregated silver particles in the present invention are silver particles having a shape in which primary particles having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 3 ⁇ m are three-dimensionally aggregated.
- the circuit pattern of the conductive paste for molding in the present invention after printing and curing was observed with a scanning electron microscope. As a result, it was found that the silver powder in the stretched portion was arranged in a band shape in a coagulated state.
- the silver powder which has been dispersed as a paste and uniformly coated, flows by heating, and coagulates again by the stress at the time of stretching, the resin dense portion and the silver powder dense portion are formed, and the conductivity is It is thought that it can secure.
- This phenomenon was not found in flake silver or spherical silver, and was specific to aggregated silver particles. On the other hand, this phenomenon was not seen only by raising the curing temperature without molding. That is, it has been found that it is effective to use aggregated silver particles in molding processing applications.
- the aggregated silver particles may be used singly or in combination of a plurality of silver powders, and in the case of using a plurality of aggregated silver particles, flake-like, spherical including amorphous, plate-like, dendritic (dendrite) as long as the effects of the invention are not impaired Silver particles having any shape of three-dimensional aggregation of spherical, indeterminate primary particles can be combined. From the viewpoint of moldability, in the case of using the aggregated silver particles and silver powder such as flakes or spheres in combination, it is preferable to set the content to 20% by mass or less based on the total amount of silver powder.
- the tap density of the aggregated silver particles is preferably 2 to 5 g / cm 3 , and more preferably 2.1 to 4.3 g / cm 3 . If the thickness is out of this range, breakage occurs easily due to stretching at the time of molding.
- the specific surface area of the aggregated silver particle powder is preferably 0.5 to 2.0 m 2 / g, and more preferably 0.8 to 1.6 m 2 / g. If it is smaller than 0.5 m 2 / g, it is difficult to secure conductivity, and if it is larger than 2.0 m 2 / g, breakage easily occurs due to stretching at the time of molding.
- the average particle diameter of silver powder a volume-based average particle diameter D50 determined by a laser diffraction method is generally used.
- the particle diameter is determined using the fact that the scattered diffraction pattern of light is related to the particle size, and the intensity of the scattered light is proportional to the number of particles.
- the measurement value is easily deviated, and in particular, in the case of aggregated silver particles, the primary particles are present in the aggregated state, so that silver powder having similar shape has different D50 values. There was a case to take. Therefore, after making the conductive paste, the inventors perform screen printing, observe the coating film with a scanning electron microscope, and measure an arbitrary particle diameter of 100 particles that can be distinguished from one particle. The average particle size of the particle size was determined.
- the average particle diameter obtained by this method is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, preferably 0.15 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m, and more preferably 0.2 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m. If the particle size is smaller than the predetermined range, the amount of filler will be large, breakage tends to occur during molding, and if the predetermined range is exceeded, conductive paths are difficult to form, and breakage similarly occurs during molding It becomes easy to do.
- the resin used in the present invention is required to have a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 80 ° C. or less because it is necessary to contain a resin having flexibility and three-dimensional moldability as a main component.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the glass transition temperature is preferably 60 ° C. or less. When the glass transition temperature exceeds 80 ° C., disconnection may occur due to stretching.
- polyurethane resin such as acetal resin, acrylic resin, polyacrylonitrile resin, polybutadiene resin, hydrogenated polybutadiene resin, nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), cellulose acetate propionate (CAP), polyamideimide resin Etc.
- the lower limit of the glass transition temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably ⁇ 30 ° C. or higher, more preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. or higher. If the glass transition temperature is lower than -30 ° C., the adhesion to the substrate may be reduced in the reliability test under high temperature and high humidity.
- polyester resins polyester urethane resins, epoxy resins, phenoxy resins and polyvinyl acetal resins are preferable from the viewpoint of adhesion to a substrate.
- the number average molecular weight of the resin is preferably 5,000 or more and 40,000 or less. If the number average molecular weight is less than 5,000, the cohesion is reduced, and the initial conductivity is unfavorably reduced. On the other hand, when the number average molecular weight exceeds 40,000, the solution viscosity of the resin becomes high, and it is necessary to increase the amount of solvent to make the viscosity suitable for printability, and the film thickness of the coating film at the time of printing becomes thin Unfavorable.
- the conductive paste of the present invention is preferably blended with a curing agent capable of reacting with the resin.
- a curing agent capable of reacting with the resin.
- the type of the curing agent that can be used in the present invention is not limited, isocyanate compounds and epoxy compounds are particularly preferable in view of adhesion, bending resistance, curability and the like. Furthermore, it is more preferable to use the one obtained by blocking an isocyanate group as these isocyanate compounds, because the storage stability is improved.
- Curing agents other than isocyanate compounds and epoxy compounds include known compounds such as methylated melamine, butylated melamine, benzoguanamine, amino resins such as urea resin, acid anhydrides, imidazoles, epoxy resin, phenol resin and the like.
- the amount of the curing agent is preferably 0.5 to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass, and still more preferably 2 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin (A).
- aliphatic diisocyanates such as tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, aromatic diisocyanates such as toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate, dimer acid diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, etc.
- aromatic diisocyanates such as toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate, dimer acid diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, etc.
- Alicyclic diisocyanates or trimers of these isocyanate compounds and excess amounts of these isocyanate compounds for example ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, glycerin, sorbitol, ethylenediamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine
- Low molecular weight active hydrogen compounds such as Polyester polyols, polyether polyols, terminal isocyanate group-containing compounds obtained by reacting a polymeric active hydrogen compound such as polyamides and the like.
- blocking agents for isocyanate groups for example, phenols such as phenol, thiophenol, methylthiophenol, ethylthiophenol, cresol, xylenol, resorcinol, nitrophenol, chlorophenol and the like; oximes such as acetoxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, cyclohexanone oxime Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol; Halogen-substituted alcohols such as ethylene chlorohydrin and 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol; Tertiary alcohols such as t-butanol and t-pentanol Lactams such as ⁇ -caprolactam, ⁇ -valerolactam, ⁇ -butyrolactam, ⁇ -propyrolactam, etc., and aromatic amines, imides, acetylacetone, etc.
- phenols such as phenol, thiophenol
- active methylene compounds such as malonic acid ethyl ester, mercaptans, imines, imidazoles, ureas, diaryl compounds, sodium bisulfite, etc.
- oximes, imidazoles and amines are particularly preferable because of their curability.
- glycerol polyglycidyl ether trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol polyglycidyl ether, diglycerol polyglycidyl ether, polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol Diglycidyl ether, hydrogenated bisphenol diglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, etc. may be mentioned.
- carbon-based fillers such as carbon black and graphite powder, and / or metals such as copper, gold, platinum, palladium, nickel, aluminum, zinc and the like are selected from these. Alloys or fillers coated with these metals can be blended. Furthermore, inorganic fillers such as silica, talc, mica, barium sulfate etc. can be mixed and used, but carbon black and silica can be contained in all the conductive powders in view of environmental characteristics such as conductivity and moisture resistance and cost. It is preferable to mix
- the conductive paste of the present invention preferably has an F value of 70 to 90%.
- solid mass includes all conductive powders other than solvents, other fillers, resins, other curing agents and additives. If the F value is less than 70%, the conductivity tends to deteriorate. In addition, adhesion and / or pencil hardness may be reduced. When the F value exceeds 90%, the binder resin amount is insufficient, and the coating film tends to be broken at the time of molding. When a filler is added in addition to the aggregated silver, it is preferably 0 to 5% by mass with respect to the silver. If it exceeds 5% by mass, the conductive path of silver may be blocked and the conductivity may be deteriorated.
- the type of the solvent (B) used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and esters, ketones, ether esters, alcohols, ethers, terpenes, hydrocarbons and the like can be mentioned.
- high boiling point solvents such as ethyl carbitol acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate (ECA), butyl carbitol acetate, isophorone, benzyl alcohol, terpineol, ⁇ -butyrolactone, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether (DPM) suitable for screen printing are preferable.
- Ethyl carbitol acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate and butyl carbitol acetate are preferable from the viewpoint of resin solubility and printability.
- the conductive paste for molding processing of the present invention includes a thixotropic agent, an antifoamer, a flame retardant, a tackifier, a hydrolysis inhibitor, a leveling agent, a plasticizer, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet light absorber, A flame retardant, a pigment, a dye, and a dispersant can be blended.
- carbodiimide, an epoxy, etc. can also be mix
- the conductive composition in the present invention forms a coating film to be a circuit pattern on a resin substrate which can be three-dimensionally molded by a simple method such as screen printing, and then evaporates the organic solvent contained in the coating film to coat it.
- a conductive coating By drying the film, a conductive coating can be formed.
- a moldable synthetic resin substrate can be used.
- synthetic resin substrates include polystyrene resin, polycarbonate resin or polycarbonate / polybutyl terephthalate alloy film, (meth) acrylic resin, polyester resin, ABS resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, etc. In consideration of the above, polycarbonate resin, ABS resin, and polyester resin are preferable, and polycarbonate resin is more preferable.
- the thickness of the substrate is not particularly limited, but preferably 50 to 500 ⁇ m. If the thickness is less than 50 ⁇ m, curling may occur when printing a circuit pattern, or the substrate may be broken during molding.
- a method of printing the conductive paste of the present invention on a resin substrate known printing methods such as offset printing, gravure printing, screen printing, etc. can be used, but in consideration of the thickness and productivity of the coating film, screen printing preferable.
- a conductive paste is printed on a resin substrate and cured to obtain a printed matter, and then the printed matter is formed by hot press molding, vacuum molding, pressure forming or vacuum pressure forming. be able to.
- the coating film is observed at 5000 times with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and 100 arbitrary particle diameters that can be distinguished from one particle are measured and averaged. The average particle size of the primary particle size was determined.
- Tg Glass transition temperature 5 mg of the sample resin is put in an aluminum sample pan and sealed, using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) DSC-220 manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc., at a temperature rising rate of 20 ° C./min from -50 to 200 ° C. It was measured and determined from the temperature at the intersection of a baseline extension below the glass transition temperature and a tangent showing the maximum slope at the transition.
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- the number average molecular weight was made into a standard polystyrene conversion value, and the part corresponded to less than 1000 molecular weight was calculated and calculated.
- the GPC column used Shodex KF-802, 804L, 806L made by Showa Denko KK.
- test piece A conductive paste is formed into a polycarbonate film having a thickness of 500 ⁇ m, and a pattern having a width of 25 mm and a length of 200 mm so that the film thickness after drying becomes 7 to 12 ⁇ m ) was screen printed. What dried this on conditions for 30 minutes at 130 degreeC using the hot-air circulation type oven was made into the test piece.
- Adhesion Using the test piece prepared in (4) above, the adhesion was evaluated by peeling the cross-cut tape. The number of cuts in each direction of the lattice pattern was 11, and the cut interval was 1 mm, and 100 squares (10 ⁇ 10 squares) were prepared. Cellulose tape CT-12 (manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd.) was used as the adhesive tape. The case where 100% coating film remained in the substrate after peeling off the tape was ⁇ ⁇ , the case where 95 to 99% remained was ⁇ , and 94% or less was x.
- Pencil Hardness The test piece prepared in the above (4) was placed on a 2 mm thick SUS 304 plate and measured according to JIS K 5600-5-4 (1999).
- Example 1 After 697 parts of silver powder, 6 parts of conductive carbon black, solid part of polyester resin 112, 5 parts of Disperbyk 101 (by BIC Chemie Japan) as a dispersant, 169 parts of ethyl carbitol acetate as a solvent and sufficiently premixed Dispersed three times on a chilled three roll mill.
- the obtained conductive paste was screen printed, dried and evaluated.
- the physical properties of the obtained coating film were a resistivity of 2.4 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm, good adhesion, and a pencil hardness H.
- the grid-like printed matter prepared in 4 was molded with a vacuum forming machine, and the ductility (moldability) was evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- Curing agent 1 E402 manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation
- Hardener 2 Bacsenden BI-7960 Curing catalyst: KS1260 manufactured by Kyodo Chemicals Co., Ltd.
- Silver powder 1 Aggregated silver particle powder (tap density 2.5 g / cm 3 , specific surface area 0.8 m 2 / g, average particle size 0.8 ⁇ m)
- Silver powder 2 Aggregated silver particle powder (tap density 3.0 g / cm 3 , specific surface area 1.6 m 2 / g, average particle diameter 1.5 ⁇ m)
- Silver powder 3 Aggregated silver particle powder (tap density 2.1 g / cm 3 , specific surface area 1.1 m 2 / g, average particle size 1.0 ⁇ m)
- Silver powder 4 Aggregated silver particle powder (tap density 3.2 g / cm 3 , specific surface area 1.6 m 2 / g, average particle diameter 1.3 ⁇ m)
- Silver powder 5 Aggregated silver particle powder (tap density 4.3 g / cm 3 , specific surface area 0.8 m 2 / g, average particle diameter 1.3 ⁇ m)
- Silver powder 6 Spherical silver powder (tap density 5.3 g / cm 3 , specific surface area 0.9
- a predetermined circuit pattern was printed by screen printing using the conductive paste for molding obtained in Example 1 on an amorphous PET sheet having a thickness of 200 ⁇ m.
- the minimum line width of the circuit pattern was 120 ⁇ m, the minimum line spacing was 80 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the body was 23 ⁇ m.
- the obtained printed matter was heat-deformed with a predetermined mold having a spherical extrusion part subjected to release treatment to obtain a circuit board having a three-dimensional shape.
- the maximum deformation rate was 150%. There was no break in the obtained three-dimensional circuit, and good conduction characteristics were exhibited.
- a touch panel pattern with a minimum line width of 50 ⁇ m was gravure printed on a 75 ⁇ m-thick polycarbonate film using the molding conductive paste obtained in Example 6.
- the obtained printed matter was thermally deformed, and the wiring portions positioned on both sides of the touch panel screen were formed in the folding direction on the back side.
- the maximum deformation rate was 60%.
- predetermined parts were incorporated and it was set as the touch panel which has solid shape. There were no wrinkles on the touch surface of the obtained touch panel, a good surface was shown, and no breakage of the conductive paste portion was observed.
- the conductive paste can prevent breakage due to heating and drawing at the time of molding, and is suitable for forming a touch sensor for molding.
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Abstract
Description
すなわち本発明は以下の構成からなる。
[1] 凝集銀粒子、ガラス転移温度が80℃以下の樹脂、硬化剤および溶剤を含むことを特徴とする成型加工用導電性ペースト。
[2] 前記凝集銀粒子のタップ密度が2~5g/cm3、比表面積が0.5~2.0m2/gであることを特徴とする[1]に記載の成型加工用導電性ペースト。
[3] 前記凝集銀粒子が、平均粒子径0.1~3μmの一次粒子からなる凝集銀粒子を含むことを特徴とする[1]または[2]に記載の成型加工用導電性ペースト。なおここに一次粒子径は走査型電子顕微鏡による拡大観察によって測定された数平均粒子径である。
[4] 前記樹脂のガラス転移温度が60℃以下であることを特徴とする[1]から[3]のいずれかに記載の成型加工用導電性ペースト。
[5] 前記樹脂の数平均分子量が5000~40000であることを特徴とする[1]から[4]のいずれかに記載の導電性ペースト。
[6] 導電性フィラーとしてカーボンブラックを含むことを特徴とする[1]から[5]のいずれかに記載の成形加工用導電性ペースト。
[7] 前記[1]から[6]のいずれかに記載の成形加工用導電性ペーストにより形成された配線を有する事を特徴とする立体印刷回路。
[8] 前記[1]から[6]のいずれかに記載の成形加工用導電性ペーストにより形成された配線を有する事を特徴とするタッチセンサー。
[9] 前記[1]から[6]のいずれかに記載の成形加工用導電性ペーストを熱可塑性の基材上に印刷し、熱変形させることを特徴とする立体印刷回路の製法。
[10] 透明な熱可塑基材に[1]から[6]のいずれかに記載の成形加工用導電性ペーストを印刷し、熱変形させることを特徴とする非平面構造を有するタッチセンサーの製法。
さらに、凝集銀粒子粉の比表面積としては、0.5~2.0m2/gであることが好ましく、0.8~1.6m2/gであることがより望ましい。0.5m2/gより小さいと、導電性が確保し難く、2.0m2/gより大きいと、成型時の延伸により断線が発生しやすい。
そこで発明者らは、導電性ペーストを作成後、スクリーン印刷を行い、その塗膜を走査型電子顕微鏡で観察し、1個の粒子と判別できる任意の粒子径100個を測定することにより、一次粒子径の平均粒径を求めた。
樹脂の数平均分子量は5,000以上40,000以下が好ましい。数平均分子量が5,000未満であると凝集力が低下することで初期の導電性が低下して好ましくない。一方、数平均分子量が40,000を超えると、樹脂の溶液粘度が高くなり、印刷性に適した粘度とするために溶剤量を増やす必要があり、印刷時の塗膜の膜厚が薄くなるため、好ましくない。
さらには、シリカ、タルク、マイカ、硫酸バリウムなどの無機フィラー、などを混合して使用できるが、導電性、耐湿性などの環境特性、コスト面より、カーボンブラック、シリカを全導電粉中に20質量%以下、さらに好ましくは5質量%以下0.1質量%以上で配合することが好ましい。
本発明の導電性ペーストはF値が70~90%であることが好ましい。より好ましくは80~85%である。F値とはペースト中に含まれる全固形分100質量部に対する導電性粉末質量部を示す数値であり、F値=(導電性粉末質量部/固形分質量部)×100で表される。ここで言う固形質量部とは溶剤以外の導電性粉末、その他のフィラー、樹脂、その他の硬化剤や添加剤を全て含む。F値が70%未満であると導電性が悪化する傾向にある。また、密着性および又は鉛筆硬度が低下する場合がある。F値が90%を超えると、バインダー樹脂量が不足し、成型時に塗膜に断線が発生する傾向にある。凝集銀の他にフィラーを配合する場合は、銀に対して0~5質量%であることが好ましい。5質量%を超えると、銀の導電パスが阻害され、導電性が悪化する場合がある。
本発明における導電性組成物は、三次元成型加工が可能な樹脂基材にスクリーン印刷等の簡単な方法で回路パターンとなる塗膜を形成し、次いで塗膜に含まれる有機溶剤を揮発させ塗膜を乾燥させることにより、導電性塗膜を形成することができる。樹脂基材としては、成型加工可能な合成樹脂基材が使用できる。合成樹脂基材としては、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂またはポリカーボネート/ポリブチルテレフタレートアロイフィルム、(メタ)アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ABS樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂等が挙げられるが、成型性および成型品の物性を考慮すると、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ABS樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂が好ましく、さらにポリカーボネート樹脂が好ましい。
基材の厚みは特に限定されないが、50~500μmのものが好ましい。厚みが50μmより薄いと、回路パターンを印刷する際にカールが発生する場合や、成型時に基材が破断する場合がある。
本発明では、樹脂基材上に導電性ペーストを印刷し、硬化させて印刷物を得た後、この印刷物を熱プレス成型、真空成型、圧空成型または真空圧空成型することにより、成型物を作成することができる。
塗膜を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で5000倍で観察し、1個の粒子と判別できる任意の粒子径100個を測定し、平均をとることにより、一次粒子径の平均粒径を求めた。
試料樹脂5mgをアルミニウム製サンプルパンに入れて密封し、セイコーインスツルメンツ社製の示差走査熱量分析計(DSC)DSC-220を用いて、-50~200℃まで、昇温速度20℃/分にて測定し、ガラス転移温度以下のベースラインの延長線と遷移部における最大傾斜を示す 接線との交点の温度より求めた。
試料樹脂を、樹脂濃度が0.5質量%程度となるようにテトラヒドロフランに溶解し、孔径0.5μmのポリ四フッ化エチレン製メンブランフィルターで濾過し、GPC測定試料とした。テトラヒドロフランを移動相とし、島津製作所社製のゲル浸透クロマトグラフ(GPC)Prominenceを用い、示差屈折計(RI計)を検出器として、カラム温度30℃、流量1ml/分にて樹脂試料のGPC測定を行なった。尚、数平均分子量は標準ポリスチレン換算値とし、分子量1000未満に相当する部分を省いて算出した。GPCカラムは昭和電工(株)製のshodex KF-802、804L、806Lを用いた。
導電性ペーストを厚み500μmのポリカーボネートフィルムに、乾燥後の膜厚が7~12μmになるように25mm幅で長さ200mmのパターン(比抵抗、密着性、鉛筆硬度測定用)をスクリーン印刷した。これを、熱風循環式オーブンを用い、130℃で30分の条件で乾燥したものをテストピースとした。
前記(4)と同様の基材を用いて、2.5mm間隔の格子状パターンをスクリーン印刷し、乾燥したものを成型評価用印刷物とした。
前記(4)で作成したテストピースを用い、膜厚と4端子抵抗測定器を用いてシート抵抗および膜厚を測定し、これらより比抵抗を算出した。膜厚はゲージスタンドST-022(小野測器社製)を用い、シート抵抗はMILLIOHM METER4338B(HEWLETT PACKARD社製)を用いて測定した。
前記(4)で作成したテストピースを用いて、碁盤目テープ剥離により密着性を評価した。なお、格子パターンの各方向のカット数は11個、カット間隔は1mmで100マス(10×10マス)を作成し、粘着テープは、セロハンテープCT-12(ニチバン社製)を用いた。テープ剥離後、100マス中100%塗膜が基材に残っている場合を◎、95~99%残っている場合を○、94%以下を×とした。
前記(4)で作成したテストピースを厚さ2mmのSUS304板上に置き、JIS K 5600-5-4(1999)に準じて測定した。
導電性ペーストを密封容器に入れ、40℃で2週間保存した。保存前後の粘度を5×HBDV3(BROOKFIELD社製)で、ローターCPE-52を用いて、2.5rpmで25℃3分間測定し、保存前と比較した保存後の粘度変化の絶対値が10%以下を◎、10%超20%以下を○、20%超30%以下を△、30%超を×とした。
前記(5)で作成した印刷物を用いて、真空成型機で所定の形状に成型した。初期配線長さ(2.5mm)から6mmまで+140%伸ばしたときの凹部形状での、抵抗値変化が、≦500%を◎、501~1000%を○、>1000%を△、断線を×とした。
銀粉1 697部、導電性カーボンブラック6部、ポリエステル樹脂 112固形部、分散剤としてDisperbyk101(ビックケミー・ジャパン社製)を5部、溶剤としてエチルカルビトールアセテート169部を配合し、充分プレミックスした後、チルド三本ロールミル機で、3回通して分散した。得られた導電性ペーストをスクリーン印刷し、乾燥し評価した。得られた塗膜の物性は、比抵抗は2.4×10-2Ω・cm、密着性良好、鉛筆硬度Hであった。さらに、4で作成した格子状の印刷物を真空成型機で成型し、展延性(成型性)を評価した。結果を表1、表2に示す。
以下、実施例1と同様に表1,表2に示す材料を用いて成形加工用導電性ペーストを調製しそれぞれを評価した。結果を表1,表2に示す。
いずれの実施例も、塗膜物性および環境試験は良好であった。さらに保存安定性および印刷性についても、良好な結果を得た。一方、比較例1、2では、球状銀、フレーク銀を用いたところ、成型後に断線が発生した。比較例3では、球状銀と凝集銀粒子を併用したところ、成型後に断線が発生した。比較例4では、ガラス転移温度が95℃の樹脂を用いたところ、成型後に断線が発生した。
樹脂1:東洋紡社製共重合ポリエステルBX1001(数平均分子量30000、Tg=-16℃)
樹脂2:東洋紡社製共重合ポリエステルRV600(数平均分子量16000、Tg=45℃)
樹脂3:東洋紡社製共重合ポリウレタンUR3210(数平均分子量33000、Tg=-3℃)
樹脂4:東洋紡社製共重合ポリエステルRV345(数平均分子量28000、Tg=10℃)
樹脂5:東洋紡社製共重合ポリエステルGK880(数平均分子量18000、Tg=88℃)
硬化剤1:旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製E402
硬化剤2:バクセンデン製BI-7960
硬化触媒:共同薬品(株)製KS1260
銀粉1:凝集銀粒子粉(タップ密度2.5g/cm3、比表面積0.8m2/g、平均粒子径 0.8μm)
銀粉2:凝集銀粒子粉(タップ密度3.0g/cm3、比表面積1.6m2/g、平均粒子径 1.5μm)
銀粉3:凝集銀粒子粉(タップ密度2.1g/cm3、比表面積1.1m2/g、平均粒子径 1.0μm)
銀粉4:凝集銀粒子粉(タップ密度3.2g/cm3、比表面積1.6m2/g、平均粒子径 1.3μm)
銀粉5:凝集銀粒子粉(タップ密度4.3g/cm3、比表面積0.8m2/g、平均粒子径 1.3μm)
銀粉6:球状銀粉(タップ密度5.3g/cm3、比表面積0.9m2/g、平均粒子径 0.6μm)
銀粉7:フレーク銀粉(タップ密度4.4g/cm3、比表面積0.9m2/g、平均粒子径 2.4μm)
カーボンブラック:ライオン(株)製ケッチェンECP600JD
溶剤1:ECA (株)ダイセル製のエチルカルビトールアセテート
溶剤2:DPM 東邦化学工業(株)製のジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル
厚さ200μmのアモルファスPETシートに、実施例1にて得られた成形用導電性ペーストを用い、スクリーン印刷にて所定の回路パターンを印刷した。回路パターンの最小線幅は120μm、最小線間隔は80μm、胴体部の厚さは23μmであった。得られた印刷物を、離型処理を行った球状の押し出し部を有する所定のモールドにて加熱変形し立体形状を有する回路基板を得た。最大変形率は150%とした。得られた立体回路に断線は無く良好な導通特性を示した。
厚さ75μmのポリカーボネートフィルムに実施例6にて得られた成形用導電性ペーストを用い、最小線幅50μmのタッチパネルパターンをグラビア印刷した。得られた印刷物を加熱変形させ、タッチパネル画面の両側に位置する配線部を裏側に折りたたむ方向に成形した。最大変形率は60%であった。次いで所定の部品を組み込み、立体形状を有するタッチパネルとした。得られたタッチパネルのタッチ面に皺は無く、良好な表面を示し、導電性ペースト部の断線も観察されなかった。
Claims (10)
- 凝集銀粒子、ガラス転移温度が80℃以下の樹脂、硬化剤および溶剤を含むことを特徴とする成型加工用導電性ペースト。
- 前記凝集銀粒子のタップ密度が2~5g/cm3、比表面積が0.5~2.0m2/gであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の成型加工用導電性ペースト。
- 前記凝集銀粒子が、平均粒子径0.1~3μmの一次粒子からなる凝集銀粒子を含むことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の成型加工用導電性ペースト。なおここに一次粒子径は走査型電子顕微鏡による拡大観察によって測定された数平均粒子径である。
- 前記樹脂のガラス転移温度が60℃以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載の成型加工用導電性ペースト。
- 前記樹脂の数平均分子量が5000~40000であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4のいずれかに記載の成形加工用導電性ペースト。
- 前記導電性フィラーとしてカーボンブラックを含むことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5のいずれかに記載の成形加工用導電性ペースト。
- 請求項1から請求項6のいずれかに記載の成形加工用導電性ペーストにより形成された配線を有する事を特徴とする立体印刷回路。
- 請求項1から請求項6のいずれかに記載の成形加工用導電性ペーストにより形成された配線を有する事を特徴とするタッチセンサー。
- 請求項1から請求項6のいずれかに記載の導電性ペーストを熱可塑性の基材上に印刷し、熱変形させることを特徴とする立体印刷回路の製法。
- 透明な熱可塑基材に請求項1から請求項6のいずれかに記載の成形加工用導電性ペーストを印刷し、熱変形させることを特徴とする非平面構造を有するタッチセンサーの製法。
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| KR20210154233A (ko) | 2019-06-19 | 2021-12-20 | 미쓰이 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 높은 전광선 투과율을 가지는 폴리이미드 박막 상에 형성된 촉각 센서와 그것을 이용한 스위칭 디바이스 |
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- 2018-07-31 WO PCT/JP2018/028585 patent/WO2019039209A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2018-07-31 FI FIEP18848779.7T patent/FI3675139T3/fi active
- 2018-07-31 US US16/613,496 patent/US20200176146A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-07-31 KR KR1020207000168A patent/KR20200043969A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2018-07-31 CN CN201880053980.8A patent/CN110998749B/zh active Active
- 2018-07-31 EP EP18848779.7A patent/EP3675139B1/en active Active
- 2018-07-31 JP JP2019538030A patent/JPWO2019039209A1/ja active Pending
- 2018-08-16 TW TW107128541A patent/TWI802582B/zh active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210016541A1 (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2021-01-21 | Toyo Ink Sc Holdings Co., Ltd. | Conductive composition for molded film, molded film, molded article, and method for production thereof |
| US12064949B2 (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2024-08-20 | Artience Co., Ltd. | Conductive composition for molded film, molded film, molded article, and method for production thereof |
| KR20210154233A (ko) | 2019-06-19 | 2021-12-20 | 미쓰이 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 높은 전광선 투과율을 가지는 폴리이미드 박막 상에 형성된 촉각 센서와 그것을 이용한 스위칭 디바이스 |
| US12003235B2 (en) | 2019-06-19 | 2024-06-04 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Tactile sensor formed on polyimide thin film having high total light transmittance, and switching device using same |
| JPWO2022153925A1 (ja) * | 2021-01-14 | 2022-07-21 | ||
| WO2022153925A1 (ja) * | 2021-01-14 | 2022-07-21 | ナミックス株式会社 | 導電性組成物、導電性ペースト、電気回路、可撓性電気回路体及び成型体の製造方法 |
| US12518889B2 (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2026-01-06 | Namics Corporation | Conductive composition, conductive paste, electric circuit, flexible electric circuit body and method of producing molded body |
| JP2024119275A (ja) * | 2023-02-22 | 2024-09-03 | 藤倉化成株式会社 | 導電性塗料及びプリント配線板 |
| JP7648921B2 (ja) | 2023-02-22 | 2025-03-19 | 藤倉化成株式会社 | 導電性塗料及びプリント配線板 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20200176146A1 (en) | 2020-06-04 |
| EP3675139A1 (en) | 2020-07-01 |
| CN110998749B (zh) | 2022-05-03 |
| TWI802582B (zh) | 2023-05-21 |
| TW201920510A (zh) | 2019-06-01 |
| KR20200043969A (ko) | 2020-04-28 |
| FI3675139T3 (fi) | 2025-10-12 |
| JPWO2019039209A1 (ja) | 2020-08-06 |
| JP2023021155A (ja) | 2023-02-09 |
| EP3675139B1 (en) | 2025-09-03 |
| CN110998749A (zh) | 2020-04-10 |
| EP3675139A4 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
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