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WO2019021829A1 - Dispositif pile à combustible - Google Patents

Dispositif pile à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019021829A1
WO2019021829A1 PCT/JP2018/026242 JP2018026242W WO2019021829A1 WO 2019021829 A1 WO2019021829 A1 WO 2019021829A1 JP 2018026242 W JP2018026242 W JP 2018026242W WO 2019021829 A1 WO2019021829 A1 WO 2019021829A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
fuel cell
combustion catalyst
cell device
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2018/026242
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
鈴木　健吾
英徳 中間
伸起 堀内
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kyocera Corp
Original Assignee
Kyocera Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kyocera Corp filed Critical Kyocera Corp
Priority to JP2019532500A priority Critical patent/JP6878591B2/ja
Publication of WO2019021829A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019021829A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a fuel cell device.
  • Such a fuel cell device it is known to raise the temperature of the fuel cell by burning a fuel gas not used for power generation of the fuel cell.
  • a fuel gas not used for power generation of the fuel cell Such exhaust gas produced by the operation of the fuel cell system may contain components such as carbon monoxide produced by incomplete combustion of the fuel gas and unused fuel gas.
  • the fuel cell device of the present disclosure A fuel cell module having a cell stack in which a plurality of fuel cells are stacked; An exhaust gas flow path, one end of which is connected to the fuel cell module, into which exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell module flows; A combustion catalyst disposed in the exhaust gas passage; A heater for heating an exhaust gas disposed in the exhaust gas flow path upstream of the combustion catalyst; And an exhaust gas regulating member disposed between the heater and the combustion catalyst for regulating the flow of the exhaust gas.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the fuel cell device of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view which shows the structure of the cell stack apparatus of the fuel cell apparatus of embodiment.
  • the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the fuel cell device 1 includes a fuel cell module 2 configured to store the reformer 10 and the cell stack device 20 in a storage container (not shown).
  • the fuel cell device 1 includes a heat exchanger 31, a condensed water tank 32, a power conditioner 33, a fuel supply device 34, an air supply device 35, a reforming water pump 36, and the like for operating the fuel cell module 2. It is housed in an exterior case (not shown) with accessories. In the outer case, it is not necessary to store all of the accessories. For example, even if a heat storage tank 37 for storing a heat medium such as water heat exchanged with the heat exchanger 31 is disposed outside the outer case Good.
  • the reformer 10 is connected to a raw fuel supply pipe 100 for supplying a raw fuel such as hydrocarbon gas and a water supply pipe 101 for supplying reforming water.
  • the raw fuel supply pipe 100 and the water supply pipe 101 may be connected to the reformer 10 through an integrated pipe line.
  • the raw fuel supply pipe 100 is provided with a fuel supply device 34 for supplying the raw fuel to the reformer 10.
  • the raw fuel and the reforming water undergo a reforming reaction in the heated reformer 10 to produce a reformed gas containing hydrogen.
  • the reformed gas generated by the reformer 10 is supplied to the cell stack device 20 through the reformed gas supply pipe 102.
  • the cell stack device 20 includes a cell stack 23 in which a large number of manifolds 21 and fuel cells 22 are connected. Note that, in FIG. 2, a columnar solid oxide fuel cell is illustrated as the fuel cell 22.
  • the reformed gas supplied from the reformer 10 to the cell stack device 20 is supplied from the manifold 21 into the fuel cell 22.
  • air which is an oxygen-containing gas is introduced from the air supply passage 103 to the outside of the fuel cell 22.
  • An air supply device 35 is connected to the air supply path 103, and the air supply device 35 feeds air to the cell stack device 20.
  • the reformed gas passes through the fuel cell 22, it reacts with the air to generate power.
  • the reformed gas not used for power generation merges with the air not used for power generation at the top of the cell stack 23 and burns to generate high temperature exhaust gas. Further, the reformer 10 is heated by the heat generated by the combustion.
  • the electricity generated by the fuel cell module 2 is sent to the power conditioner 33, and can be used for power consumption, storage of electricity in storage batteries, and the like.
  • the reformer 10 and the cell stack device 20 have high temperatures, they are surrounded by a heat insulating material or the like and stored in a storage container (not shown), and are disposed as a fuel cell module 2 in an outer case together with accessories. .
  • the exhaust gas generated in the fuel cell module 2 is discharged from the cell stack device 20 and then supplied to the heat exchanger 31 through the exhaust gas flow path 104.
  • a circulation line 105 is connected to the heat exchanger 31, and heat exchange is performed between the medium introduced into the circulation line 105 and the exhaust gas. Water or the like can be used as the medium.
  • the exhaust gas is cooled and the medium is heated by the heat of the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas is cooled and the water vapor contained in the exhaust gas is separated into water and gas.
  • the gas is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust passage 107. Water separated by cooling the exhaust gas is sent to the condensed water tank 32 through the condensed water recovery channel 106.
  • the water is purified through ion exchange and the like, and the purified water is introduced into the water supply pipe 101, and is supplied to the reformer 10 as the reforming water by the reforming water pump 36. Supplied. Unwanted water is drained from the drain 108.
  • the medium warmed by the heat exchanger 31 moves to the heat storage tank 37.
  • the medium can store heat while circulating through the circulation line 105.
  • the stored heat can be used for hot water supply and the like.
  • the medium stored in the heat storage tank 37 is water
  • the water of the heat storage tank 37 may be used for hot water supply.
  • a radiator may be provided to reduce the temperature of the medium supplied to the heat exchanger 31.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an exhaust gas flow path of the fuel cell device of the embodiment.
  • the exhaust gas flow path 104 connects the fuel cell module 2 and the heat exchanger 31.
  • the exhaust gas flow path 104 is configured by, for example, connecting the filter chamber 40, the heater chamber 50, the combustion catalyst chamber 60, and the connection chamber 70 in this order.
  • the pipeline constituting the exhaust gas flow path 104 consisting of the filter chamber 40, the heater chamber 50, the combustion catalyst chamber 60 and the connection chamber 70 is made of, for example, a stainless steel plate or the like.
  • the fuel cell module 2 is disposed above the exhaust gas flow path 104, and the exhaust port 29 of the fuel cell module 2 is provided on the bottom surface of the fuel cell module 2.
  • the heat exchanger 31 is disposed below the exhaust gas flow path 104.
  • the exhaust gas flow path 104 is provided so that the exhaust gas flows downward from above, and the exhaust gas flows into the filter chamber 40 from the exhaust port 29 of the fuel cell module 2 above, and the heater chamber 50 is burned.
  • the catalyst chamber 60 and the connection chamber 70 sequentially pass and flow out to the heat exchanger 31.
  • the upstream side of the filter chamber 40 communicates with the exhaust port 29 of the fuel cell module 2, and the downstream side communicates with the heater chamber 50.
  • the filter chamber 40 is composed of a tube 41 and is cylindrical.
  • a filter 42 which is a silica removing member and a filter supporting member 43 which is a third limiting member are provided.
  • part of the function of the filter chamber 40 constituting the exhaust gas flow path 104 may be provided in the fuel cell module 2.
  • the filter chamber 40 may be provided inside the fuel cell module 2.
  • the filter 42 and the filter support member 43 which are silica removing members may be provided in the exhaust port 29 of the fuel cell module.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a filter chamber of the fuel cell device of the embodiment.
  • the inner wall 41a of the filter chamber 40 is shown by an imaginary line.
  • the filter 42 is cylindrical and has a diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the tube 41, and the side surface of the filter 42 is in close contact with the inner wall 41 a of the tube 41.
  • the filter support member 43 provided below the filter 42 prevents the filter 42 from falling into the heater chamber 50.
  • the filter 42 is made of, for example, an Fe—Cr—Al stainless steel alloy coated with aluminum oxide (alumina), and can remove silica particles contained in the exhaust gas. By this, it is possible to reduce that the fuel catalyst is clogged with particles and the performance is degraded. Moreover, it can suppress that the microparticles
  • the filter support member 43 is, for example, an arc-shaped spring made of a ferritic stainless steel plate, and is attached so as to be in biased contact with the inner wall 41 a of the filter chamber 40. For example, even if the filter 42 tries to move downward due to vibration or the like, it is supported by the filter support member 43, so that the filter 42 can be prevented from falling into the heater chamber, and the position of the filter 42 can be stabilized. .
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another configuration example of the filter chamber of the fuel cell device of the embodiment.
  • the inner wall 41a of the filter chamber 40 is shown by an imaginary line.
  • the filter 42 is similar to that shown in FIG.
  • Filter support members 43a and 43b, which are arc-shaped springs, are provided above and below the filter 42 so as to sandwich the filter 42 from above and below. By this, it is possible to reduce positional deviation due to vibration or the like of the filter 42 at the time of transportation or the like.
  • the heater chamber 50 shown in FIG. 3 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the upper portion of the heater chamber 50 is in communication with the filter chamber 40, and the lower portion is in communication with the combustion catalyst chamber 60.
  • a plurality of holes for inserting the heater 52 are provided in the inner wall 51a of the tube 51 constituting the heater chamber 50, and a plurality of rod-like heaters 52 are inserted.
  • the exhaust gas flowing into the heater chamber 50 is heated by the heater 52.
  • the heater 52 is controlled to heat the exhaust gas so that the temperature at which the combustion catalyst functions is exceeded. When the operation of the fuel cell device 1 is continued and the temperature of the exhaust gas is sufficiently high, the heater 52 may not be operated.
  • the heater chamber 50 is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, and may be cylindrical. Moreover, the heater 52 may be one.
  • An exhaust gas regulating member 53 is provided downstream of the heater 52.
  • 6 is a plan view showing the configuration of the exhaust gas regulating member of the fuel cell device of the embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the AA cross section of the exhaust gas regulating member of the fuel cell device of the embodiment.
  • the exhaust gas regulating member 53 is a rectangular plate whose upper surface 53a is a rectangular shape along the inner wall 51a of the heater chamber 50, and is a perforated plate provided with a large number of holes 53b in the vertical and horizontal directions.
  • the shape of the opening of the exhaust gas regulating member 53 may be a mesh shape in addition to a punching metal shape provided with a large number of openings.
  • edge portions 53c and 53d of the exhaust gas regulating member 53 are bent to form leg portions 53e and 52f.
  • the cross section of the exhaust gas regulating member 53 is U-shaped.
  • the legs 53 e and 53 f are placed on the bottom surface 51 b of the tube 51.
  • the edges 53 c and 53 d of the exhaust gas control member 53 are bent, so that the strength of the exhaust gas control member 53 can be secured.
  • the shape of the exhaust gas regulating member 53 can be appropriately changed in accordance with the shape of the inner wall 51 a of the heater chamber 50.
  • the exhaust gas regulating member 53 increases the flow path resistance to the exhaust gas flowing to the combustion catalyst chamber 60 through the heater chamber 50, and the exhaust gas is retained in the heater chamber 50, and is heated by the heater 52 to increase the temperature. It becomes easy to do.
  • the exhaust gas control member 53 made of metal such as stainless steel plate is heated by the radiant heat of the heater 52, heat is transferred from the exhaust gas control member 53 to the exhaust gas when the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust gas control member 53. Conduction can further heat the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas flowing from the heater chamber 50 is rectified by the exhaust gas control member 53 and sent to the combustion catalyst chamber 60.
  • the opening of the exhaust gas regulating member 53 may be provided so as to be located just under the heater 52. Accordingly, when the heater 52 is operated, the exhaust gas receives the heat of the heater 52 and then flows to the combustion catalyst chamber 60, so that the exhaust gas can be heated more efficiently.
  • the heating condition of the exhaust gas by the heater 52 is improved, the function of the combustion catalyst is enhanced, and the exhaust gas processing efficiency can be improved.
  • the combustion catalyst chamber 60 has a cylindrical shape, the upstream side communicates with the heater chamber 50, and the downstream side communicates with the connection chamber 70.
  • the combustion catalyst chamber 60 is composed of a pipe 61.
  • the shape of the combustion catalyst chamber 60 is cylindrical.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a combustion catalyst chamber of the fuel cell device of the embodiment.
  • the phantom line indicates the inner wall 61 a of the tube 61.
  • the combustion catalyst holding member 64 is omitted in FIG.
  • a cylindrical combustion catalyst 62 is disposed in the tubular body 61.
  • the diameter of the combustion catalyst 62 is approximately the same as the inner diameter of the combustion catalyst chamber 60.
  • platinum or palladium is supported on a combustion catalyst in which platinum is supported on a porous alumina support, or on a Fe-Cr-Al stainless steel alloy coated with aluminum oxide (alumina).
  • a combustion catalyst can be used.
  • the combustion catalyst chamber 60 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and the combustion catalyst 62 can also be appropriately changed according to the shape of the combustion catalyst chamber 60.
  • a combustion catalyst support member 63 which is a first limiting member, is provided above the combustion catalyst 62.
  • the combustion catalyst support member 63 is an arc-shaped spring, and is attached to the inner wall 61 a of the cylindrical combustion catalyst chamber 60 in an urging contact. For example, even if the combustion catalyst 62 attempts to move upward due to vibration or the like, the upper surface of the combustion catalyst 62 abuts on the combustion catalyst support member 63 to limit the displacement of the fuel catalyst. This allows the position of the combustion catalyst 62 to be stabilized.
  • a combustion catalyst holding member 64 which is a second limiting member is provided in contact with the lower surface of the combustion catalyst 62.
  • the outer diameter of the combustion catalyst holding member 64 is substantially equal to the diameter of the inner wall 61a, and the combustion catalyst holding member 64 is a disk-like member and has a circular opening. It consists of a leg 64b extending downward from the portion 64a.
  • the combustion catalyst holding member 64 When the combustion catalyst 62 tries to move downward, the combustion catalyst holding member 64 abuts, and the displacement of the combustion catalyst 62 is limited. Further, the leg portion 64 b of the combustion catalyst holding member 64 is mounted on the bottom surface 61 b of the pipe 61. Therefore, the combustion catalyst 62 does not contact the bottom surface 61b, and a space is secured between the combustion catalyst 62 and the bottom surface 61b.
  • the combustion catalyst 62 when the combustion catalyst 62 is in contact with the bottom surface 61b, the outlet of the exhaust gas passing through the combustion catalyst 62 is narrowed, and the exhaust gas is concentrated at the central portion of the combustion catalyst 62. There is a risk that the efficiency of processing However, by securing the space below the combustion catalyst 62 by the combustion catalyst holding member 64, the exhaust gas can flow through the entire combustion catalyst 62, so that the processing efficiency of the exhaust gas in the combustion catalyst 62 can be enhanced.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another configuration example of the combustion catalyst chamber of the fuel cell device of the embodiment.
  • the phantom line indicates the inner wall 61 a of the tube 61.
  • a combustion catalyst support member 63a which is a first restriction member is provided above the combustion catalyst 62.
  • a combustion catalyst support member 63b which is a first limiting member, is provided below the combustion catalyst 62.
  • the combustion catalyst support members 63 a and 63 b are arc-shaped springs, and are attached to the inner wall 61 a of the combustion catalyst chamber 60 in an urging contact.
  • connection chamber 70 is formed of a tube 71.
  • connection chamber 70 is L-shaped, and the upstream side of the connection chamber 70 is connected to the combustion catalyst chamber 60, and the downstream side is connected to the side surface of the heat exchanger 31.
  • the connecting chamber 70 is L-shaped and connected to the side surface of the heat exchanger 31, thereby suppressing the overall height of the exhaust gas flow path 104 and the heat exchanger 31.
  • connection room 70 can be suitably changed according to the place of the exhaust gas inflow mouth of heat exchanger 31.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the fuel cell module and the exhaust flow path of the fuel cell device of the embodiment.
  • the fuel cell module 2 has four cell stack devices 20 shown in FIG.
  • the cell stack device 20 is installed in the inner wall 26, and the inner wall 25 covers the outside of the inner wall 26. After the air supplied from the air supply path 103 and the reformed gas passing through the fuel cell 22 are reacted to generate electric power, the air and the reformed gas are merged above the fuel cell 22 and burnt. The vessel 10 is heated to become an exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas is led from the opening 26 a of the inner wall 26 above the reformer to the exhaust port 29 through the discharge flow path 27 formed in the space between the inner wall 26 and the inner wall 25.
  • the exhaust gas led to the exhaust port 29 flows into the filter chamber 40 of the exhaust gas passage 104 and moves toward the heat exchanger 31.
  • air which is an oxygen-containing gas, flows.
  • FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the fuel cell device of the embodiment.
  • the fuel cell module 2, auxiliary equipment for operating each module, and piping for connecting them are housed in the exterior case 80.
  • the configuration is partially omitted.
  • the fuel cell device 1 divides the inside of the outer case 80 configured by the support 81 and the exterior plate 82 into upper and lower portions by a partition plate 83, and the fuel cell module 2 is accommodated on the upper side thereof. On the lower side, accessories for operating each module are stored. Further, an exhaust gas flow path 104 (not shown) connected to the bottom surface of the fuel cell module 2 is provided to penetrate the partition plate 83, and a heat exchanger 31 (shown in FIG. Not connected).
  • the partition plate 83 is provided with an air circulation port 84 for flowing the air on the lower side of the partition plate 83 to the upper side of the partition plate 83, and the air in the exterior case 80 is formed on the upper portion of the exterior plate 82.
  • An exhaust port 85 for exhausting is provided.
  • the heating condition of the exhaust gas by the heater 52 is improved, the function of the combustion catalyst is enhanced, and the exhaust gas processing efficiency can be improved.
  • this indication was explained in detail, this indication is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the gist of this indication, various change, improvement, etc. are possible.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pile à combustible qui comprend : un module de pile à combustible comprenant un empilement de cellules qui est obtenu par stratification d'une pluralité de piles à combustible; un canal de gaz d'échappement qui a une extrémité reliée au module de pile à combustible, et dans lequel s'écoule le gaz d'échappement déchargé du module de pile à combustible; un catalyseur de combustion qui est disposé à l'intérieur du canal de gaz d'échappement; et un dispositif de chauffage qui est disposé en amont du catalyseur de combustion à l'intérieur du canal de gaz d'échappement, et qui chauffe le gaz d'échappement. Ce dispositif pile à combustible comprend également un élément de régulation de gaz d'échappement, qui régule l'écoulement du gaz d'échappement, entre le dispositif de chauffage et le catalyseur de combustion.
PCT/JP2018/026242 2017-07-27 2018-07-11 Dispositif pile à combustible Ceased WO2019021829A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2019532500A JP6878591B2 (ja) 2017-07-27 2018-07-11 燃料電池装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017-145532 2017-07-27
JP2017145532 2017-07-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019021829A1 true WO2019021829A1 (fr) 2019-01-31

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PCT/JP2018/026242 Ceased WO2019021829A1 (fr) 2017-07-27 2018-07-11 Dispositif pile à combustible

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JP (1) JP6878591B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019021829A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012142112A (ja) * 2010-12-28 2012-07-26 Kyocera Corp 燃料電池装置
WO2014017447A1 (fr) * 2012-07-25 2014-01-30 昭和電工株式会社 Ensemble électrode à membrane et pile à combustible le contenant
JP2014193446A (ja) * 2013-03-29 2014-10-09 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk ケイ素化合物を含有する排ガスを浄化するための排ガス処理触媒
JP2014203779A (ja) * 2013-04-09 2014-10-27 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 ガス処理装置及び燃料電池システム

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012142112A (ja) * 2010-12-28 2012-07-26 Kyocera Corp 燃料電池装置
WO2014017447A1 (fr) * 2012-07-25 2014-01-30 昭和電工株式会社 Ensemble électrode à membrane et pile à combustible le contenant
JP2014193446A (ja) * 2013-03-29 2014-10-09 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk ケイ素化合物を含有する排ガスを浄化するための排ガス処理触媒
JP2014203779A (ja) * 2013-04-09 2014-10-27 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 ガス処理装置及び燃料電池システム

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JP6878591B2 (ja) 2021-05-26

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