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WO2019006908A1 - 纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体 - Google Patents

纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019006908A1
WO2019006908A1 PCT/CN2017/106494 CN2017106494W WO2019006908A1 WO 2019006908 A1 WO2019006908 A1 WO 2019006908A1 CN 2017106494 W CN2017106494 W CN 2017106494W WO 2019006908 A1 WO2019006908 A1 WO 2019006908A1
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Prior art keywords
plexiglass
layer
wave
microbial
nanophotocatalyst
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PCT/CN2017/106494
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈娟
王沛芳
王超
敖燕辉
高寒
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Hohai University HHU
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Hohai University HHU
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Priority to US16/320,036 priority Critical patent/US10889517B2/en
Priority to AU2017421991A priority patent/AU2017421991B2/en
Publication of WO2019006908A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019006908A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
    • C02F3/101—Arranged-type packing, e.g. stacks, arrays
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2003/001—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/08—Nanoparticles or nanotubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a water body organic pollution removing material which can be used efficiently, with low consumption and can be repeatedly used.
  • the invention relates to a nano photocatalyst-microbial composite multilayer light transmissive combined carrier, belonging to the technical field of organic pollution control.
  • organic pollutants such as organic pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, etc. have been detected in rivers, lakes, farmland water bodies, especially in some economically developed areas, many organic pollutants are at high pollution levels, how fast, economical, Effective and sustainable removal of organic pollutants from water bodies is a hot and difficult research topic in the current water pollution restoration and treatment.
  • Microbial degradation and nanophotocatalysis are two kinds of water organic pollution treatment methods that have attracted much attention in recent years.
  • Microbial degradation has the advantages of non-toxic and high efficiency, easy operation, economical and practical, and wide application range.
  • domestic and foreign researchers have adopted domestication and screening from the environment.
  • Degraded strains with specific degradation effects on various organic pollutants are obtained in the sample; while nano photocatalysts (such as titanium dioxide) utilize the strong redox performance of photogenerated electron-hole pairs under visible or ultraviolet light.
  • Removal of organic pollutants in water because the degrading bacteria are mostly in a free state, and the nanophotocatalyst is a solid powder, in the actual water pollution repair, there are difficulties in recovery, easy to inactivate, low recycling rate, risk of secondary pollution, etc.
  • the invention provides a nano photocatalyst-microbial composite multi-layer light transmissive combined carrier, and the object thereof aims to solve the problems of poor transmittance of the existing net pollution carrier, inability of the microorganism and the nano photocatalyst to coexist, and low load strength, especially solving the problem.
  • the load process is complicated, the cost is high, the use time is long, and the use is not repeated for many times.
  • the photocatalytic degradation and microbial degradation performance of the net pollution carrier are improved, and the organic pollutants in the water body are finally removed efficiently.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is a nano photocatalyst-microbial composite multi-layer transparent composite carrier, and the structure thereof comprises a plurality of wave type plexiglass plates 1, a series rod fixing frame 4, a middle through elastic spacer 5, and a fixing screw 6; A plurality of wave type plexiglass plates 1 are placed in parallel, and each wave type plexiglass plate 1 has four fixing holes 7; the series rod fixing frame 4 has four series rods 8, and the four series rods 8 are respectively placed through the parallel rows.
  • each layer of the wavy plexiglass plate 1 Corresponding fixing holes 7 on each layer of the wavy plexiglass plate 1; the series rod 8 between the adjacent two wavy plexiglass plates 1 is sleeved with a middle-passing elastic spacer 5; the top end of each series rod 8 is connected
  • the fixing screws 6; the upper and lower surfaces of each of the wave type plexiglass plates 1 have different load layers, one of which is a nanophotocatalyst supporting layer 2 and the other surface is a degrading bacteria supporting layer 3.
  • the manufacturing method includes the following steps:
  • a nano photocatalyst-microbial composite multi-layer transparent composite carrier proposed by the invention is composed of a multi-layer wave type plexiglass plate, which improves the contact area with the polluted water body;
  • the net-stained carrier can transmit light, and the nano-photocatalyst in the carrier fully receives the light and degrades the pollutants in the water by photocatalytic reaction;
  • the number of superimposed layers can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, and the shrinking elastics of the middle elastic spacer can be utilized. Adjusting the layer spacing of the net soil carrier;
  • the raw materials are easy to obtain, the preparation process is simple, the energy consumption is low, and the cost is low. After use, the layers can be removed and washed repeatedly, and can be repeatedly used.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a top plan view of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a tandem rod mount of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a medium through elastic spacer of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of the placement of the present invention in a permeable cage.
  • 1 is a wave type plexiglass plate
  • 2 is a nano photocatalyst load layer
  • 3 is a degrading bacteria load layer
  • 4 is a series rod holder
  • 5 is a medium-pass elastic spacer
  • 6 is a fixing screw
  • 7 is a fixing hole.
  • 8 is a tandem rod
  • 9 is a threaded interface
  • 10 is a nanophotocatalyst-microbial composite multilayer light transmissive combined carrier
  • 11 is a water permeable cage.
  • Nano photocatalyst-microbial composite multi-layer transparent composite carrier the structure thereof comprises a plurality of wave type plexiglass plates 1, a series rod fixing frame 4, a middle elastic spacer 5, a fixing screw 6; wherein, a plurality of wave type plexiglass plates 1 Parallel to each, there are 4 fixing holes 7 on each wave type plexiglass plate 1; there are 4 series rods 8 on the series rod fixing frame 4, and 4 series rods 8 respectively pass through each layer of wave type plexiglass plate placed in parallel Corresponding fixing hole 7; a series of elastic spacers 5 are arranged on the series rod 8 between two adjacent wave-shaped plexiglass plates 1; a fixing screw 6 is attached to the top end of each series rod 8; each wave
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the plexiglass plate 1 have different load layers, one of which is a nanophotocatalyst load layer 2 and the other surface is a degradable bacteria load layer 3.
  • the load layers on the corresponding surfaces of the adjacent two wave type plexiglass plates 1 are the same, and the photocatalytic degradation zone is formed between the two opposite nano photocatalyst load layers 2, and between the two opposite degrading bacteria load layers 3
  • the microbial degradation zone is formed; after the superposition assembly, the photocatalytic degradation zone and the microbial degradation zone are present in the entire nanophotocatalyst-microbial composite multilayer light-transmissive composite carrier.
  • each of the series rods 8 has a threaded interface 9 to which the set screw 6 is fixed by a threaded connection 9.
  • the plurality of wave type plexiglass sheets 1 are 4-10 layers of wavy plexiglass sheets 1.
  • the preparation method of the nano photocatalyst-microbial composite multilayer light transmissive combined carrier comprises the following steps:
  • the step (1) hot pressing forming and surface roughening treatment of the plexiglass sheet the plexiglass sheet is heated and pressed into a wave shape in the mold, and cut into a wave-shaped plexiglass plate square piece, and the wave plexiglass plate square piece upper and lower surfaces are respectively.
  • the sandblasting roughening treatment is performed, and after the sandblasting rough treatment, the circular fixing holes 7 are cut at the four corners of the square plate of the wave type plexiglass plate.
  • the cutting size and shape of the square piece of the plexiglass plate are adjusted according to actual needs, and are preferably a wave-shaped plexiglass plate square piece having a length of 30 cm and a width of 30 cm.
  • the step (2) double-layer film loading forms a nano photocatalyst supporting layer 2: the rough-processed wave-shaped plexiglass plate square piece is ultrasonically cleaned in dilute nitric acid, absolute ethanol and pure water, and the ultrasonic frequency is 40 KHz, and the temperature is 40 KHz. 35 ° C, each time 20 min, after ultrasonic cleaning, dry at room temperature, after drying at room temperature, first apply a layer of SiO 2 on one side of the wave-shaped plexiglass plate square piece by mechanical brushing to improve the nano photocatalyst The adhesion strength is then applied to the wave-shaped plexiglass plate square piece under normal temperature and pressure by several consecutive surface paintings, rinsed with water, and air-dried at room temperature.
  • the nanophotocatalyst is preferably anatase type nano TiO 2 .
  • the ratio is 1:10, and the mixture is uniformly mixed (ie, every 1 g of the degrading bacteria fresh bacteria is added to 10 ml of the fixing agent), and the degrading bacteria are loaded on the other side of the square plate of the wave-shaped plexiglass plate by successive surface painting. Dry at room temperature.
  • the degrading bacteria are selected according to the organic pollutants targeted in the actual, and the degrading bacteria having high-efficiency degradation effect on the targeted organic contaminants are selected;
  • the fixing agent is preferably a 2% sodium alginate solution.
  • the low speed centrifugation is such that the rotational speed is below 2500 rpm.
  • the degrading bacteria can also use indigenous microbial flora to utilize the indigenous microbial flora self-repairing ability.
  • indigenous microbial flora In addition to contaminants, in this case, only one layer of fixing agent is selected on the other side of the plexiglass board. After the multi-layer assembly is completed and the water body is placed, the indigenous microorganisms adhere to the fixing agent to form a biofilm, thereby degrading the pollutants in the water body.
  • the step (4) superimposing and assembling the multi-layer plexiglass plate using the tandem rod holder 4 and the middle-pass elastic spacer 5 to superimpose and stack the plexiglass plates respectively supporting the nano photocatalyst and the degrading bacteria on the upper and lower surfaces, and superimposing layers
  • the number is adjusted according to actual needs, preferably 4-10 layers; when stacking, it is ensured that the materials supported by the adjacent two glass plates are the same, and the photocatalytic degradation zone and the microbial degradation zone are present in the net-stained carrier after stacking and assembling.
  • the step (5) carrier fixing and layer spacing adjustment a plurality of plexiglass plates are sequentially stacked, and then fixed and fixed by a fixing screw 6 and a threaded interface 9 at the top of the series rod 8 to form a nano photocatalyst-microbial composite multilayer transparent combined carrier Since the middle elastic spacer 5 has scalability, the board spacing can be achieved by adjusting the degree of tightness of the fixing screw 6.
  • the nanophotocatalyst-microbial composite multilayer light-transmissive combined carrier is placed in two to four layers in the water-permeable cage 11 in turn, and several water-permeable composite carriers equipped with the nanophotocatalyst-microorganism composite multilayer light-transmitting composite carrier are permeable.
  • the cage 11 is placed in a certain manner to remove the organic pollutants in the water body, and the water body is purified.
  • Nano photocatalyst-microbial composite multi-layer transparent composite carrier the structure of which comprises a plurality of wave type plexiglass plates 1, a nano photocatalyst load layer 2, a degrading bacteria load layer 3, a series rod fixing frame 4, and a middle elastic spacer 5 a fixing screw 6, a fixing hole 7, a series rod 8, a threaded interface 9; wherein a plurality of wave-type plexiglass plates 1 are placed in parallel, each of the wave-shaped plexiglass plates 1 has four fixing holes 7; the series rod fixing frame 4 There are four series rods 8 on the top, and four series rods 8 respectively pass through the corresponding fixing holes 7 on each of the wave-shaped plexiglass plates 1 placed in parallel; the series rods 8 between the adjacent two wavy plexiglass plates 1
  • the upper sleeve has a middle elastic spacer 5; the top end of each series rod 8 is connected with a fixing screw 6; the upper and lower surfaces of each wave type plexiglass plate 1 have different load layers
  • the load layers on the corresponding surfaces of the adjacent two wave type plexiglass plates 1 are the same, and the photocatalytic degradation zone is formed between the two opposite nano photocatalyst load layers 2, and between the two opposite degrading bacteria load layers 3 Forming a microbial degradation zone; after the superposition assembly, the photocatalytic degradation zone and the microbial degradation zone are present in the entire nanophotocatalyst-microbial composite multilayer light-transmissive composite carrier;
  • each of the series rods 8 has a threaded interface 9 to which the set screw 6 is fixed by a threaded connection 9.
  • the preparation method of the nano photocatalyst-microbial composite multilayer light transmissive combined carrier comprises the following steps:
  • the step (1) hot pressing forming and surface roughening treatment of the plexiglass sheet the plexiglass sheet is shaped into a wave shape by heating at 90 ° C in a wave mold, and the wave type plexiglass sheet square piece of 30 cm and width 30 cm is cut, wave
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the square piece of plexiglass plate are subjected to sandblasting roughening treatment so that the surface roughness Rd is 0.8-3.2 ⁇ m, and after the sandblasting rough treatment, the circular fixing hole 7 is cut at the four corners of the wave-shaped plexiglass plate square piece;
  • the step (2) double-layer film loading forms a nano photocatalyst supporting layer 2: the rough-processed wave-shaped plexiglass plate square piece is sequentially ultrasonically cleaned in dilute nitric acid, absolute ethanol, pure water at a concentration of 2%, and ultrasonic The frequency is 40KHz, the temperature is 35 °C, each time 20min, after ultrasonic cleaning, it is dried at room temperature. After drying at room temperature, firstly apply a layer of 0.5mm on one side of the wave plexiglass plate square piece by mechanical painting.
  • Thick SiO 2 to increase the adhesion strength of the nanophotocatalyst, and then apply the nano photocatalyst to the square plate of the wavy plexiglass plate under normal temperature and normal pressure by three times of surface coating, and finally rinsing with water and drying at room temperature;
  • the other side of the square plate of the wave type plexiglass plate is dried at room temperature; the degrading bacteria are selected according to the organic pollutants targeted in the actual;
  • the step (4) superimposing and assembling the multi-layer plexiglass plate: using the tandem rod holder 4 and the middle-pass elastic spacer 5 to respectively load the upper and lower surfaces of the wave-type plexiglass plate with the nano photocatalyst supporting layer 2 and the degrading bacteria supporting layer 3
  • the square piece is assembled by 6 layers. When stacking, it ensures that the materials on the corresponding surfaces of the adjacent two glass plates are the same. After the superposition and assembly, the photocatalytic degradation zone and the microbial degradation zone are separated.
  • the step (5) carrier fixing and layer spacing adjustment 6 layers of wave type plexiglass plate square pieces are sequentially stacked, and then fixed and fixed by a fixing screw 6 and a threaded interface 9 at the top of the series rod 8 to form a nano photocatalyst-microbial composite multilayer.
  • the light-transmissive combined carrier is realized by the elastic gap spacer 5 having the flexibility, and the board spacing can be achieved by adjusting the degree of tightness of the fixing screw 6.
  • Nano photocatalyst-organic pesticide degrading bacteria composite multi-layer transparent composite carrier the nano photocatalyst is anatase nano TiO 2
  • the organic pesticide degrading bacterium is organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos degrading bacterium Sphingomonas sp. Dsp-2
  • the multi-layer transparent composite carrier has a wave-type plexiglass plate as a load substrate, and the manufacturing method thereof specifically comprises the following steps:
  • Hot-press forming and surface roughening treatment of plexiglass plate plexiglass plate with length 1.2m*width 1.2m*thickness 3mm is heated and shaped in a wave mold at 90°C; the wave-shaped plexiglass plate after molding is long 30cm, width 30cm cut into square pieces, sandblasted rough on the upper and lower surfaces of the wavy plexiglass plate 1, the surface roughness Rd is 1.6 ⁇ m, and then at the square four corners (perpendicular to the adjacent sides are 5cm) Cutting out four circular fixing holes 7, the fixing holes 7 having a diameter of 1 cm;
  • Nano-photocatalyst loading the wave-shaped plexiglass plate after rough treatment is ultrasonically cleaned in 2% dilute nitric acid, absolute ethanol and pure water, the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, the temperature is 35 ° C, each time 20 minutes, at room temperature Dry down
  • TiO 2 sol TiO 2 sol was uniformly coated on the SiO 2 coating by screen printing under normal temperature and pressure conditions, repeated three times, and dried at room temperature to form anatase nano TiO on the wavy plexiglass supported substrate. 2 load layer;
  • Degrading bacteria load Firstly, the chlorpyrifos-degrading strain Sphingomonas sp. Dsp-2 was expanded and cultured: Sphingomonas sp. Dsp-2 strain was inoculated into 4 L LB medium containing tryptone 10 g/L, Yeast extract 5g / L, sodium chloride 10g / L; LB medium pH 7.0; expanded culture in shaking shaker, shaking speed 200rmp, culture conditions temperature 30 ° C, spectrophotometric determination of absorbance OD600 detection The growth of the degrading bacteria was collected and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 10 min to collect the degrading bacteria after the growth to the plateau stage; the degrading bacteria collected were uniformly mixed at a mass to volume ratio of 1:10 and 2% sodium alginate solution (ie: collected per 1 g) The degrading bacteria fresh bacteria are added to 10 ml of 2% sodium alginate solution to prepare a degrading bacteria fixing liquid;
  • 5% CaCl 2 solution is disposed; 5% CaCl 2 solution is uniformly coated on the wave type plexiglass supported substrate by screen printing under normal temperature and normal pressure, and the other side corresponding to the anatase type nano TiO 2 supporting layer
  • the coating thickness is not limited, and the surface is ensured to be wetted by the 5% CaCl 2 solution; then a 0.5 mm thick degrading bacteria fixing solution is applied on the coated 5% CaCl 2 solution to calcify and crosslink. 4 hours, then repeat 2 times of CaCl 2 and degradation bacteria fixation solution coating process, after drying at room temperature, the formation of organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos degrading bacteria Sphingomonas sp. Dsp-2 loading layer on the wave-type plexiglass supported substrate;
  • Layer spacing adjustment and carrier fixing multiple pieces of loaded plexiglass plates are superimposed and then fixed screws 6 is fixedly combined with the threaded interface 9 at the top of the series rod 8 to form a nanophotocatalyst-microbial composite multilayer light-transmissive composite carrier, and the layer spacing is 1.5 cm by adjusting the degree of tightness of the fixing screws 6.
  • Dsp-2 composite multilayer light-transparent combined carrier are placed in two layers in the permeable cage 11 in turn, when the rice field needs drainage, 10 water-permeable cages 11 with net pollution carriers are placed symmetrically in the first-stage water-removing drainage ditch of the rice field at intervals of 2 m.
  • the chlorpyrifos flowing through the water in the photocatalytic degradation zone of the composite multilayer light-transmissive composite carrier is photocatalyzed and degraded.
  • Dsp-2 In the microbial degradation zone, it is degraded by the chlorpyrifos degrading bacterium Sphingomonas sp. Dsp-2, and the photocatalytic degradation and microbial degradation simultaneously play a role to reduce the pesticide residue in the water; when the net pollution carrier runs for a period of time, the nanophotocatalytic performance or the activity of the degrading bacteria decreases. It can be taken out, disassembled and cleaned, and the anatase-type nano-TiO 2 and the organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos-degrading bacteria Sphingomonas sp. Dsp-2 are reloaded, reassembled and fixed for recycling, which reduces the cost and improves the repair effect. Non-point source pollution of organic pesticides has a good application prospect.
  • a nano photocatalyst-microbial composite multilayer light transmissive combined carrier wherein the nano photocatalyst is nano anatase nano TiO 2 , the microorganism is an indigenous microbial population in an aqueous environment, and the multilayer light transmission
  • the combined carrier is a wave-type plexiglass as a supporting substrate, and the steps of the plexiglass plate hot pressing and surface roughening treatment, the nano photocatalyst loading, the multi-layer plexiglass plate superposition assembly, the layer spacing adjustment and the carrier fixing are all implemented in the manufacturing method.
  • Example 1 is the same; for the degrading bacteria load, in this embodiment, no specific degrading bacteria are loaded on one side of the plexiglass plate, but only 2% agar is uniformly applied three times in succession, each layer is 0.5 mm, and after solidification at room temperature, Carrying out steps such as superposition assembly, layer spacing adjustment and carrier fixing; the net dirt carrier is divided into two layers into a permeable network box for water purification of organically polluted rivers; 40 water permeable tanks 11 with net pollution carriers are installed They are fixed on the bank slope and the central area of the river, and the length of the repair channel is 50m. After a period of time, the indigenous microorganisms adhere to the agar surface after solidification.
  • the biofilm forms a microbial degradation zone, and the photocatalytic degradation zone of the contaminated water flowing through the composite multilayer light-transmissive composite carrier is photocatalyzed and degraded by the biofilm in the microbial degradation zone, and comprehensively utilizes photocatalytic degradation and indigenous microbial degradation to finally reach Purify water quality purposes.
  • the biofilm microorganisms attached to the plexiglass plate are indigenous bacteria, which not only can degrade the organic pollution, but also can remove the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salt pollution, and will not cause secondary pollution due to the release of the external degradation bacteria.
  • the potential for degradation of indigenous microorganisms in photocatalysis and the environment is a green, environmentally friendly and sustainable The net pollution carrier.

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Abstract

一种纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，包括若干波浪型有机玻璃板(1)、串联杆固定架(4)、中通弹性间隔垫(5)、固定螺钉(6)；每个波浪型有机玻璃板(1)上有4个固定孔(7)；串联杆固定架(4)上有4根串联杆(8)，4根串联杆(8)穿过固定孔(7)；相邻两个波浪型有机玻璃板(1)之间的串联杆(8)上套有中通弹性间隔垫(5)；每根串联杆(8)的顶端接有固定螺钉(6)；每个波浪型有机玻璃板(1)的上下两个表面有不同的负载层, 其中一个表面上是纳米光催化剂负载层(2)，另一个表面上是降解菌负载层(3)。还提供了制作纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体的方法。

Description

纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体 技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种可高效、低耗并可重复多次使用的水体有机污染去除材料，具体涉及纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，属于有机污染控制技术领域。
背景技术
水环境污染已成为目前威胁水域生态系统安全和人类健康的首要环境问题之一。多种有机污染物如有机农药、多环芳烃、多溴联苯醚等已在河流、湖泊、农田水体中被检出，尤其在一些经济发达地区多种有机污染物处于高污染水平，如何快速、经济、有效、可持续地去除水体中的有机污染物是目前水污染修复和治理中的研究热点和难点。
微生物降解和纳米光催化是近年来备受瞩目的两种水体有机污染处理方法，微生物降解具有无毒高效、操作简便、经济实用和应用范围广等优点；国内外研究者已通过驯化筛选从环境样品中得到了对多种有机污染物具有特异性降解作用的降解菌株；而纳米光催化剂(如二氧化钛)在可见光或紫外光下利用光生电子-空穴对的强氧化还原性能高效、快速地对去除水体中的有机污染物，由于降解菌多为游离状态，而纳米光催化剂为固体粉末，在实际水污染修复中都存在回收困难、易失活、重复利用率低、具有二次污染风险等问题；为解决这些问题，人们尝试将降解菌或纳米光催化剂负载于一些净污载体(如多孔矿物、生物炭材料、纤维类)上，但在如何增强降解菌或纳米光催化剂与净污载体的附着耦合强度、如何减少其在修复过程中的流失等方面仍有待突破；特别需要指出的是，由于光催化反应产生的强自由基可灭活净污载体上的微生物，导致微生物降解和与纳米光催化降解无法同时发挥作用，大大限制了这两大水体污染修复方法的联合应用，制约了水体有机污染修复技术的发展；此外，目前水生态修复中常用的净污载体如多孔矿物、生物炭材料透光性差，纳米光催化剂负载后只能在表面发挥作用，因内部空隙缺少光照而无法启动光催化反应，也成为限制纳米光催化剂在水体有机污染修复应用中的一大难题；此外，现有净污材料大多需要经过高温煅烧等耗能、耗时的复杂制备过程，且难以循环多次利用，亟需研发一种高效、低耗、简单方便、可重复利用的纳米光催化剂-微生物协同作用的净污载体。
发明内容
本发明提出的是一种纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，其目的旨在解决现有净污载体透光性差、微生物与纳米光催化剂无法共存、负载强度低等问题，尤其解决负载过程复杂、费用高、用时长、不可重复多次利用等方面弊端，提高净污载体光催化降解和微生物降解性能，最终高效去除水体中有机污染物。
本发明的技术解决方案：纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，其结构包括若干波浪型有机玻璃板1、串联杆固定架4、中通弹性间隔垫5、固定螺钉6；其中，若干波浪型有机玻璃板1平行放置，每个波浪型有机玻璃板1上有4个固定孔7；串联杆固定架4上有4根串联杆8，4根串联杆8分别穿过平行放置的每层波浪型有机玻璃板1上对应的固定孔7；相邻两个波浪型有机玻璃板1之间的串联杆8上套有中通弹性间隔垫5；每根串联杆8的顶端接有固定螺钉6；每个波浪型有机玻璃板1的上下两个表面有不同的负载层，其中一个表面上是纳米光催化剂负载层2，另一个表面上是降解菌负载层3。
其制作方法包括以下步骤：
(1)有机玻璃板热压成型及表面粗糙处理；
(2)双层膜负载形成纳米光催化剂负载层2；
(3)降解菌负载形成降解菌负载层3；
(4)多层有机玻璃板叠加组装；
(5)载体固定和层间距调节。
本发明的优点：
1)本发明提出的一种纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体由多层波浪型有机玻璃板组成，提高了与污染水体的接触面积；
2)该净污载体可透光，载体内的纳米光催化剂充分接受到光照并通过光催化反应降解水体中污染物；
3)明确分隔了纳米光催化剂和微生物，避免了纳米光催化剂对微生物生长的影响，净污载体内光催化降解区和微生物降解区间隔存在，同时作用又互不影响，大大提高了对水体中有机污染物的去除效率；
4)叠加层数可根据实际需要灵活调整，且可利用中通弹性间隔垫的收缩弹 性调节净污载体的层间距；
5)原材料易获取、制备过程简单、能耗低、造价低廉，使用后各层板可拆卸清洗、可重复多次使用。
附图说明
附图1是本发明的立体结构示意图。
附图2是本发明的俯视平面示意图。
附图3是本发明的纵向剖面示意图。
附图4是本发明的串联杆固定架示意图。
附图5是本发明的中通弹性间隔垫示意图。
附图6是本发明在透水网箱中放置示意图。
附图中1是波浪型有机玻璃板，2是纳米光催化剂负载层，3是降解菌负载层，4是串联杆固定架，5是中通弹性间隔垫，6是固定螺钉，7是固定孔，8是串联杆，9是螺纹接口，10是纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，11是透水网箱。
具体实施方式
纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，其结构包括若干波浪型有机玻璃板1、串联杆固定架4、中通弹性间隔垫5、固定螺钉6；其中，若干波浪型有机玻璃板1平行放置，每个波浪型有机玻璃板1上有4个固定孔7；串联杆固定架4上有4根串联杆8，4根串联杆8分别穿过平行放置的每层波浪型有机玻璃板1上对应的固定孔7；相邻两个波浪型有机玻璃板1之间的串联杆8上套有中通弹性间隔垫5；每根串联杆8的顶端接有固定螺钉6；每个波浪型有机玻璃板1的上下两个表面有不同的负载层，其中一个表面上是纳米光催化剂负载层2，另一个表面上是降解菌负载层3。
所述相邻两块波浪型有机玻璃板1相对应面上的负载层相同，两个相对的纳米光催化剂负载层2之间形成光催化降解区，两个相对的降解菌负载层3之间形成微生物降解区；在叠加组装后整个纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体内光催化降解区和微生物降解区间隔存在。
所述每根串联杆8的顶端有螺纹接口9，固定螺钉6通过螺纹接口9固定在串联杆8的顶端。
所述若干波浪型有机玻璃板1为4-10层波浪型有机玻璃板1。
纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体的制作方法包括以下步骤：
(1)有机玻璃板热压成型及表面粗糙处理；
(2)双层膜负载形成纳米光催化剂负载层2；
(3)降解菌负载形成降解菌负载层3；
(4)多层有机玻璃板叠加组装；
(5)载体固定和层间距调节。
所述步骤(1)有机玻璃薄板热压成型及表面粗糙处理：将有机玻璃板在模具中加热压成波浪型，切割成波浪型有机玻璃板方形片，波浪型有机玻璃板方形片上下表面均进行喷砂粗糙处理，喷砂粗糙处理后在波浪型有机玻璃板方形片四角位置切割出圆形固定孔7。
所述有机玻璃板方形片的切割尺寸和形状根据实际需要自行调节，优选为长30cm、宽30cm的波浪型有机玻璃板方形片。
所述步骤(2)双层膜负载形成纳米光催化剂负载层2：粗糙处理后的波浪型有机玻璃板方形片依次在稀硝酸、无水乙醇、纯水中超声清洗，超声频率为40KHz，温度35℃，每次20min，超声清洗后在室温下晾干，在室温下晾干后首先利用机械涂刷法在波浪型有机玻璃板方形片的其中一面涂覆一层SiO2以提高纳米光催化剂的附着强度，然后通过连续若干次表面涂刷在常温常压下将纳米光催化剂涂覆于波浪型有机玻璃板方形片上，经水漂洗后室温晾干。
所述纳米光催化剂优选为锐钛矿型纳米TiO2。
所述步骤(3)降解菌负载形成降解菌负载层3：配置液体培养基，对所选用的降解菌进行扩大培养，低速离心5min-15min收集降解菌，然后将降解菌与固着剂按质量体积比为1:10混合均匀(即：每1g降解菌鲜重菌体加入到10ml固着剂中)，通过连续若干次表面涂刷将降解菌负载于波浪型有机玻璃板方形片的另一面上，室温干燥。
所述降解菌根据实际中所针对的有机污染物选取，选取对所针对的有机污染物具有高效降解作用的降解菌；固着剂优选2％海藻酸钠溶液。
所述低速离心为转速在2500rpm以下。
所述降解菌也可选用土著微生物菌群，利用土著微生物菌群自身修复能力去 除污染物，此种情况下选择在有机玻璃板的另一面只涂刷一层固着剂，多层叠加组装完成并投放水体后土著微生物依附固着剂生长形成生物膜，进而降解水体中污染物。
所述步骤(4)多层有机玻璃板叠加组装：用串联杆固定架4和中通弹性间隔垫5对上下表面分别负载纳米光催化剂和降解菌的有机玻璃板进行多层叠加组装，叠加层数根据实际需要调整，优选4-10层；叠加时确保相邻两块玻璃板对应面所负载物质相同，在叠加组装后净污载体内光催化降解区和微生物降解区间隔存在。
所述步骤(5)载体固定和层间距调节：多块有机玻璃板依次叠加后用固定螺钉6与串联杆8顶部的螺纹接口9结合固定，形成纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，因中通弹性间隔垫5具有可伸缩性，板间距可通过调整固定螺钉6的紧合程度来实现。
使用时，将纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体分两到四层依次摆放在透水网箱11中，将若干个装有纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体的透水网箱11按一定方式放置在需要去除水体中有机污染物的地方，对水体进行净化。
以下通过具体实施例详细说明发明的实施步骤，目的在于使本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明；应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，其结构由若干波浪型有机玻璃板1，纳米光催化剂负载层2，降解菌负载层3，串联杆固定架4，中通弹性间隔垫5，固定螺钉6，固定孔7，串联杆8，螺纹接口9组成；其中，若干波浪型有机玻璃板1平行放置，每个波浪型有机玻璃板1上有4个固定孔7；串联杆固定架4上有4根串联杆8，4根串联杆8分别穿过平行放置的每层波浪型有机玻璃板1上对应的固定孔7；相邻两个波浪型有机玻璃板1之间的串联杆8上套有中通弹性间隔垫5；每根串联杆8的顶端接有固定螺钉6；每个波浪型有机玻璃板1的上下两个表面有不同的负载层，其中一个表面上是纳米光催化剂负载层2， 另一个表面上是降解菌负载层3；
所述相邻两块波浪型有机玻璃板1相对应面上的负载层相同，两个相对的纳米光催化剂负载层2之间形成光催化降解区，两个相对的降解菌负载层3之间形成微生物降解区；在叠加组装后整个纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体内光催化降解区和微生物降解区间隔存在；
所述每根串联杆8的顶端有螺纹接口9，固定螺钉6通过螺纹接口9固定在串联杆8的顶端。
纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体的制作方法包括以下步骤：
(1)有机玻璃板热压成型及表面粗糙处理；
(2)双层膜负载形成纳米光催化剂负载层2；
(3)降解菌负载形成降解菌负载层3；
(4)多层有机玻璃板叠加组装；
(5)载体固定和层间距调节；
所述步骤(1)有机玻璃薄板热压成型及表面粗糙处理：将有机玻璃板在波浪型模具中90℃加热定型成波浪型，切割成长30cm、宽30cm的波浪型有机玻璃板方形片，波浪型有机玻璃板方形片上下表面均进行喷砂粗糙处理使表面粗糙度Rd在0.8～3.2μm，喷砂粗糙处理后在波浪型有机玻璃板方形片四角位置切割出圆形固定孔7；
所述步骤(2)双层膜负载形成纳米光催化剂负载层2：粗糙处理后的波浪型有机玻璃板方形片依次在浓度为2％的稀硝酸、无水乙醇、纯水中超声清洗，超声频率为40KHz，温度35℃，每次20min，超声清洗后在室温下晾干，在室温下晾干后首先利用机械涂刷法在波浪型有机玻璃板方形片的其中一面涂覆一层0.5mm厚SiO2以提高纳米光催化剂的附着强度，然后通过连续三次表面涂刷在常温常压下将纳米光催化剂涂覆于波浪型有机玻璃板方形片上，最后经水漂洗后室温晾干；
所述步骤(3)降解菌负载形成降解菌负载层3：配置液体培养基，对所选用的降解菌进行扩大培养，扩大培养后2000rpm离心10min收集降解菌，然后将降解菌与海藻酸钠按按质量体积比为1:10(即：每1g降解菌鲜重菌体加入到10ml2％海藻酸钠溶液中)混合均匀，通过连续三次表面涂刷将降解菌负载于波 浪型有机玻璃板方形片的另一面上，室温下干燥；所述降解菌根据实际中所针对的有机污染物选取；
所述步骤(4)多层有机玻璃板叠加组装：用串联杆固定架4和中通弹性间隔垫5对上下表面分别负载纳米光催化剂负载层2和降解菌负载层3的波浪型有机玻璃板方形片进行6层叠加组装，叠加时确保相邻两块玻璃板对应面所负载物质相同，在叠加组装后净污载体内光催化降解区和微生物降解区间隔存在；
所述步骤(5)载体固定和层间距调节：6层波浪型有机玻璃板方形片依次叠加后用固定螺钉6与串联杆8顶部的螺纹接口9结合固定，形成纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，因中通弹性间隔垫5具有可伸缩性，板间距可通过调整固定螺钉6的紧合程度来实现。
实施例2
一种纳米光催化剂-有机农药降解菌复合多层透光组合载体，所述的纳米光催化剂为锐钛矿型纳米TiO2，所述的有机农药降解菌为有机磷农药毒死蜱降解菌Sphingomonas sp.Dsp-2，所述的多层透光组合载体以波浪型有机玻璃板为负载基体，其制作方法具体包括以下步骤：
(1)有机玻璃板热压成型及表面粗糙处理：将长1.2m*宽1.2m*厚3mm的有机玻璃板在波浪型模具中90℃加热定型；将成型后的波浪型有机玻璃板按长30cm、宽30cm切割成正方形小片，在波浪型有机玻璃板1上下表面进行喷砂粗糙处理，使其表面粗糙度Rd为1.6μm，后，在正方形四角(垂直于相邻两边均为5cm的位置)切割出4个圆形固定孔7，固定孔7直径为1cm；
(2)纳米光催化剂负载：粗糙处理后的波浪型有机玻璃板依次在2％稀硝酸、无水乙醇、纯水中超声清洗，超声频率为40KHz，温度35℃，每次20分钟，在室温下晾干；
(3)采用溶胶-凝胶法制备SiO2溶胶：在磁力搅拌器转速为1000rpm搅拌条件下将稀盐酸水溶液匀速、缓慢地滴加到正硅酸乙醋的乙醇溶液中，无水乙醇、盐酸、正硅酸乙醋的摩尔比为2：4：0.05，混合溶液在恒温70℃回流、300rpm搅拌3小时后密闭，于33℃烘箱内静置24小时后得到SiO2溶胶；常温常压条件下用丝网印刷将SiO2溶胶均匀涂覆在波浪型有机玻璃负载基片上，涂覆厚度0.5mm，室温干燥；
(4)采用溶胶-凝胶法制备锐钛矿型TiO2溶胶：磁力搅拌器转速为1000rpm搅拌条件下搅拌下，将前驱体钛酸正丁酯的异丙醇溶液匀速滴加到pH为2.5的稀硝酸水溶液中，硝酸与钛酸正丁酯的摩尔比分别为76：1.42，75℃恒温搅拌(300rpm)，回流24小时后用旋转蒸发去除醇类，最终得到牛奶状的锐钛矿型TiO2溶胶；常温常压条件下用丝网印刷将TiO2溶胶均匀涂覆在SiO2涂层之上，重复三次，，室温干燥后在波浪型有机玻璃负载基片上形成锐钛矿型纳米TiO2负载层；
(5)降解菌负载：首先对毒死蜱降解菌Sphingomonas sp.Dsp-2进行扩大培养：将Sphingomonas sp.Dsp-2菌株接种至4L LB培养基中，所述LB培养基含胰蛋白胨10g/L、酵母提取物5g/L、氯化钠10g/L；LB培养基的pH为7.0；在震荡摇床进行扩大培养，摇床转速200rmp，培养条件为温度30℃，用分光光度计测定吸光度OD600检测降解菌的生长情况，待生长至平台期后采用2000rpm离心10min收集降解菌；所收集的降解菌按质量体积比为1:10与2％海藻酸钠溶液混合均匀(即：每1g所收集的降解菌鲜重菌体加入到10ml2％海藻酸钠溶液中)，制成降解菌固着液；
(6)配置5％CaCl2溶液；常温常压条件下用丝网印刷将5％CaCl2溶液均匀涂覆在波浪型有机玻璃负载基片上与锐钛矿型纳米TiO2负载层对应的另一面上，涂覆厚度无限定，保证表面均被5％CaCl2溶液涂覆湿润即可；然后再在涂覆的5％CaCl2溶液上涂一层厚0.5mm的降解菌固着液，钙化交联4小时，然后再重复2次CaCl2和降解菌固着液涂覆过程，室温干燥后在波浪型有机玻璃负载基片上形成有机磷农药毒死蜱降解菌Sphingomonas sp.Dsp-2负载层；
(7)多层有机玻璃板叠加组装：将两面分别负载锐钛矿型纳米TiO2和有机磷农药毒死蜱降解菌Sphingomonas sp.Dsp-2的波浪型有机玻璃板四角圆形固定孔7对应穿过串联杆固定架4上的四根串联杆8，再用4个中通弹性间隔垫5分别穿过四根串联杆8，然后再叠加第二块波浪型有机玻璃板，叠放时注意方向，保证相邻两块板对应面所负载物质相同，同上步骤共依次叠加6层，相邻两层用中通弹性间隔垫5间隔开，确保叠加组装后净污载体内光催化降解区和微生物降解区间隔存在；
(8)层间距调节和载体固定：多块负载有机玻璃板依次叠加后用固定螺钉 6与串联杆8顶部的螺纹接口9结合固定，形成纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，通过调整固定螺钉6的紧合程度使层间距为1.5cm。
使用时，将多个锐钛矿型纳米TiO2-毒死蜱降解菌Sphingomonas sp.Dsp-2复合多层透光组合载体分两层依次摆放在透水网箱11中，当稻田需要排水时，将10个装有净污载体的透水网箱11按2m间隔对称放置于稻田首级退水排水沟中，水体中的毒死蜱流经复合多层透光组合载体的光催化降解区被光催化降解，在微生物降解区被毒死蜱降解菌Sphingomonas sp.Dsp-2降解，光催化降解和微生物降解同时发挥作用，达到降低水体农药残留目的；净污载体运行一段时间纳米光催化性能或降解菌活性降低时，可将其取出拆卸清洗后重新进行锐钛矿型纳米TiO2和有机磷农药毒死蜱降解菌Sphingomonas sp.Dsp-2负载，再次组装固定后进行循环使用，降低了成本，提高了修复效果，对控制有机农药面源污染具有很好的应用前景。
实施例3
一种纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，所述的纳米光催化剂为纳米锐钛矿型纳米TiO2，所述的微生物为水环境中土著微生物种群，所述的多层透光组合载体以波浪型有机玻璃为负载基体，其制作方法中有机玻璃板热压成型及表面粗糙处理、纳米光催化剂负载、多层有机玻璃板叠加组装、层间距调节和载体固定等步骤均与实施例1相同；对于降解菌负载，本实施例中未在有机玻璃板的其中一面负载某种特异性降解菌，而只是连续三次均匀涂刷2％琼脂，每层0.5mm，室温凝固后，再进行叠加组装、层间距调节和载体固定等步骤；将此净污载体分两层放入透水网箱，用于有机污染严重河道的水体净化；将40个装有净污载体的透水网箱11分别固定于河道的护岸边坡及中心区域，修复河道长度为50m，投放一段时间后，土著微生物依附凝固后的琼脂表面生成生物膜形成微生物降解区，污染水体流经复合多层透光组合载体的光催化降解区被光催化降解，在微生物降解区被生物膜降解，综合利用光催化降解和土著微生物降解，最终达到净化水质目的。
有机玻璃板上附着的生物膜微生物为土著菌群，不但对有机污染可以发挥降解作用，还可以去除氮磷营养盐污染，且不会因外源降解菌投放而造成二次污染，充分发挥了光催化和环境中土著微生物的降解潜力，是一种绿色、环保、可持续 的净污载体。

Claims (10)

  1. 纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，其特征是包括若干波浪型有机玻璃板、串联杆固定架、中通弹性间隔垫、固定螺钉；其中，若干波浪型有机玻璃板平行放置，每个波浪型有机玻璃板上有4个固定孔；串联杆固定架上有4根串联杆，4根串联杆分别穿过平行放置的每层波浪型有机玻璃板上对应的固定孔；相邻两个波浪型有机玻璃板之间的串联杆上套有中通弹性间隔垫；每根串联杆的顶端接有固定螺钉；每个波浪型有机玻璃板的上下两个表面有不同的负载层，其中一个表面上是纳米光催化剂负载层，另一个表面上是降解菌负载层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，其特征是所述相邻两块波浪型有机玻璃板相对应面上的负载层相同，两个相对的纳米光催化剂负载层之间形成光催化降解区，两个相对的降解菌负载层之间形成微生物降解区；整个纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体内光催化降解区和微生物降解区间隔存在。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，其特征是所述每根串联杆的顶端有螺纹接口，固定螺钉通过螺纹接口固定在串联杆的顶端。
  4. 制作如权利要求1所述纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体的方法，其特征是包括以下步骤：
    (1)有机玻璃板热压成型及表面粗糙处理；
    (2)双层膜负载形成纳米光催化剂负载层；
    (3)降解菌负载形成降解菌负载层；
    (4)多层有机玻璃板叠加组装；
    (5)载体固定和层间距调节。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述制作纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体的方法，其特征是所述步骤(1)有机玻璃薄板热压成型及表面粗糙处理：将有机玻璃板在模具中加热压成波浪型，切割成波浪型有机玻璃板方形片，波浪型有机玻璃板方形片上下表面均进行喷砂粗糙处理，喷砂粗糙处理后在波浪型有机玻璃板方形片四角位置切割出圆形固定孔。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述制作纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体的方法，其特征是所述步骤(2)双层膜负载形成纳米光催化剂负载层：粗糙处理后的波浪型有机玻璃板方形片依次在稀硝酸、无水乙醇、纯水中超声清洗，超声频率为40KHz，温度35℃，每次20分钟，超声清洗后在室温下晾干，在室温下晾干后首先利用机械涂刷法在波浪型有机玻璃板方形片的其中一面涂覆一层SiO2以提高纳米光催化剂的附着强度，然后通过连续若干次表面涂刷在常温常压下将纳米光催化剂涂覆于波浪型有机玻璃板方形片上，经水漂洗后室温晾干。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述制作纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体的方法，其特征是所述步骤(3)降解菌负载形成降解菌负载层：配置液体培养基，对所选用的降解菌进行扩大培养，低速离心5min-15min收集降解菌，然后将降解菌与固着剂按质量体积比为1:10混合均匀，通过连续若干次表面涂刷将降解菌负载于波浪型有机玻璃板方形片的另一面上，室温干燥。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述制作纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体的方法，其特征是所述降解菌选用土著微生物菌群，利用土著微生物菌群自身修复能力去除污染物，此种情况下选择在有机玻璃板的另一面只涂刷一层固着剂，多层叠加组装完成并投放水体后土著微生物依附固着剂生长形成生物膜，进而降解水体中污染物。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述制作纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体的方法，其特征是所述步骤(4)多层有机玻璃板叠加组装：用串联杆固定架和中通弹性间隔垫对上下表面分别负载纳米光催化剂和降解菌的有机玻璃板进行多层叠加组装，叠加层数根据实际需要调整，叠加时确保相邻两块玻璃板对应面所负载物质相同，在叠加组装后净污载体内光催化降解区和微生物降解区间隔存在。
  10. 根据权利要求4所述制作纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体的方法，其特征是所述步骤(5)载体固定和层间距调节：若干有机玻璃板依次叠加后用固定螺钉与串联杆顶部的螺纹接口结合固定，形成纳米光催化剂-微生物复合多层透光组合载体，因中通弹性间隔垫具有可伸缩性，板间距可通过调整固定螺钉的紧合程度来实现。
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