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WO2019091481A1 - 调温阀 - Google Patents

调温阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019091481A1
WO2019091481A1 PCT/CN2018/115136 CN2018115136W WO2019091481A1 WO 2019091481 A1 WO2019091481 A1 WO 2019091481A1 CN 2018115136 W CN2018115136 W CN 2018115136W WO 2019091481 A1 WO2019091481 A1 WO 2019091481A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
port
valve port
memory spring
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/115136
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
廖志勇
裘浩明
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang Sanhua Automotive Components Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhejiang Sanhua Automotive Components Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201711115307.6A external-priority patent/CN109780259B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201711116965.7A external-priority patent/CN109780260B/zh
Application filed by Zhejiang Sanhua Automotive Components Co Ltd filed Critical Zhejiang Sanhua Automotive Components Co Ltd
Priority to CN201880040434.0A priority Critical patent/CN110799776B/zh
Priority to EP18877273.5A priority patent/EP3712466B1/en
Priority to KR1020207016769A priority patent/KR102297792B1/ko
Priority to US16/761,487 priority patent/US20200293071A1/en
Publication of WO2019091481A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019091481A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/01—Control of temperature without auxiliary power
    • G05D23/02—Control of temperature without auxiliary power with sensing element expanding and contracting in response to changes of temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/002—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by temperature variation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
    • F16H57/0413—Controlled cooling or heating of lubricant; Temperature control therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/08—Arrangements of lubricant coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/04—Lubricant cooler
    • F01P2060/045—Lubricant cooler for transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2070/00—Details
    • F01P2070/02—Details using shape memory alloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of valve bodies, and in particular to a temperature regulating valve.
  • the cooling device includes a heat exchanger that cools the higher temperature lubricating oil by using cooling water or a refrigerant to achieve the purpose that the transmission lubricating oil is maintained within a certain operating temperature range.
  • the temperature of the lubricating oil is low, there is two paths without passing through the cooling device, that is, when the lubricating oil of the gearbox flows out, one is through the cooling device, and the other is not through the cooling device.
  • the thermostat valve is provided with a thermal element and a spring.
  • the thermodynamic element is thermally expanded and contracted according to the temperature of the thermosensitive substance sensing fluid, and transmits a force to the spring when the thermal expansion is performed, the path flowing through the cooling device is opened, and the cooling is reset. The flow path through the cooling device is bypassed.
  • thermodynamic element including the heat sensitive substance is bulky.
  • the invention provides a temperature regulating valve to improve the temperature control induction time.
  • a temperature regulating valve includes an end cap, a valve body and a valve core located in a valve cavity of the valve body, the temperature regulating valve has a first outlet, a second outlet, and a first inlet communicating with the valve chamber a first valve port communicating with the valve chamber and the second outlet is further disposed in the valve body, and the valve core can open or close the first valve port when the valve core moves;
  • a return spring and a memory spring are further disposed in the valve cavity, the memory spring is made of a memory alloy; the return spring provides a reset force for causing the valve core to open the first valve port; the memory spring One end of the valve is in contact with one end of the valve core, and the other end of the memory spring is in contact with the end cover, and the memory spring generates an elastic force to drive the valve core against the resetting force when the temperature rises to a specific value Moving, closing the first valve port;
  • At least a portion of the outer wall of the spool is in sliding engagement with an inner wall of the valve chamber, and the first inlet is disposed on a sidewall of the valve body.
  • the response time of the memory spring is faster than that of the thermal element, and the first valve port can be opened in time to switch the medium to another flow path.
  • the performance of the transmission can be improved.
  • the combination of the memory spring and the spool is lighter in weight and smaller in volume than the thermodynamic element.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a temperature regulating valve according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of another angle of the temperature control valve of Figure 1, showing the bottom;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1, the second valve port is closed, the first valve port is open;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the valve core of Figure 3 shifted to the right, the first valve port is closed, and the second valve port is opened;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the valve body in 3;
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the temperature control valve according to the present invention, the second valve port is closed, and the first valve port is opened;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the valve core of Figure 6 after the right shift, the first valve port is closed, and the second valve port is opened;
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a third embodiment of the temperature control valve according to the present invention, in an initial state, the first valve port has a preset opening degree, and the second valve port has a preset opening degree;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the temperature regulating valve after the temperature of the memory spring is increased to a specific value in FIG. 8 , the first valve port is closed, and the second valve port is opened;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the temperature control valve after the temperature of the memory spring is lowered to a specific value and the memory spring loses the characteristic, the first valve port is opened, and the second valve port is closed;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of the spool of Figure 8.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a fourth embodiment of the temperature control valve according to the present invention, in an initial state, the first valve port has a preset opening degree, and the second valve port has a preset opening degree;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the temperature regulating valve after the temperature of the memory spring is increased to a specific value in FIG. 12, the first valve port is closed, and the second valve port is opened;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the temperature control valve after the temperature of the memory spring is lowered to a specific value and the memory spring loses the characteristic, the first valve port is opened, and the second valve port is closed;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of the end cap of Figure 12;
  • Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the fifth embodiment of the temperature regulating valve according to the present invention, in an initial state, the first valve port has a preset opening degree, and the second valve port has a preset opening degree;
  • 17 is a schematic diagram of the temperature regulating valve after the temperature of the memory of FIG. 16 is increased to a specific value, the first valve port is closed, and the second valve port is opened;
  • 18 is a schematic view of the temperature control valve after the temperature of the memory spring is lowered to a specific value and the memory spring loses the characteristic, the first valve port is opened, and the second valve port is closed;
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a sixth embodiment of the temperature control valve according to the present invention, the first valve port is closed, and the second valve port is opened;
  • Figure 20 is a schematic structural view of the spool of Figure 19;
  • Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a seventh embodiment of the temperature regulating valve according to the present invention, the first valve port is closed, and the second valve port is opened;
  • Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the eighth embodiment of the temperature control valve according to the present invention, the first valve port is opened, and the second valve port is closed;
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the temperature regulating valve after the temperature rise of the memory spring in FIG. 22, the first valve port is closed, and the second valve port is opened;
  • Figure 24 is a schematic view of the end cap and the valve core, the return spring, and the memory spring of Figure 22 after installation;
  • Figure 25 is a perspective view of Figure 24;
  • Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a ninth embodiment of the temperature control valve according to the present invention, the first valve port B is closed, and the second valve port A is opened;
  • Figure 27 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a tenth embodiment of the temperature control valve according to the present invention, the first valve port is opened, and the second valve port is closed;
  • Figure 28 is a schematic view of the valve spool of Figure 27 after being moved to the right, the second valve port is opened, and the first valve port is closed;
  • Figure 29 is a schematic view of the spool of Figure 27;
  • valve body 10a valve chamber, 10b linear passage, 10c small hole, 10d outlet passage, 10e inlet passage; B first valve port, A second valve port;
  • valve body 401 main body portion, 401a end boss, 402 sleeve portion, 402a introduction port, 402b opening, 402c notch; 403 guide rod, 405 sealing plate, 405a recessed hole, 404 spherical portion; 40' sealing sheet;
  • valve stems 50 external connectors, 60 valve stems.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a temperature regulating valve according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing another angle of the temperature regulating valve of FIG. 1 , showing a bottom
  • FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG. In the cross-sectional view, the second valve port is closed and the first valve port is opened
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the valve body of FIG. 3 moving to the right, the first valve port is closed, and the second valve port is opened
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the valve body of FIG. .
  • the temperature regulating valve in the first embodiment includes a valve body 10, and the valve body 10 internally forms a valve chamber 10a.
  • the valve chamber 10a is shown from Figs. 3 and 5, from left to right, through the valve body.
  • One end face of 10 is formed with a valve chamber 10a having a port at the left end, and the port is closed at the port end 30.
  • the valve body 10a is internally provided with a valve core 40, and the valve core 40 is axially movable along the valve chamber 10a.
  • the axial direction here is the extending direction of one end of the valve chamber 10a to the other end, which is the left-right direction shown in Figs.
  • the axial direction here is also the longitudinal direction of the valve body 10 or the valve chamber 10a.
  • the temperature regulating valve has a first outlet 101, a second inlet 102, a second outlet 104, and a first inlet 103 communicating with the valve chamber 10a.
  • the inlet and the outlet are integrally formed on the valve body.
  • the outer wall of 10 can be connected to external components.
  • a first valve port B communicating the valve chamber 10a and the second outlet 104, and a second valve port A communicating the valve chamber 10a and the first outlet 101 are also formed in the valve body 10.
  • the second valve port A is specifically disposed on the side cavity wall of the valve chamber 10a, and between the second valve port A and the first outlet 101 is an outlet passage 10d;
  • the first valve port B is formed at a cavity wall at one end of the valve chamber 10a, That is, the right end cavity wall in FIG. 3, the left end is a port blocked by the end cover 30, the first valve port B is communicated through the second outlet passage and the second outlet 104, and the second outlet passage in FIG. 3 includes the small hole 10c and A linear passage 10b between the second inlet 102 and the second outlet 104.
  • the temperature control valve described in all of the embodiments herein can be used between the transmission and the cooler, and the medium flowing inside the temperature control valve is lubricating oil. That is, the first outlet 101 of the temperature regulating valve communicates with the inlet of the cooler, the second inlet 102 communicates with the outlet of the cooler, the second outlet 104 communicates with the inlet of the transmission, the first inlet 103 communicates with the outlet of the transmission, and the lubricating oil flows out of the transmission The first inlet 103 enters the temperature regulating valve, and can flow directly back to the transmission through the first valve port B and the second outlet 104, or enter the cooler through the second valve port A and the first outlet 101, and then pass through the second inlet 102.
  • the second outlet 104 flows back to the transmission, and the main working process below is also illustrated by this application.
  • the transmission and the cooler are only a typical occasion of the application of the temperature regulating valve in the present invention, and it is obvious that in addition to the transmission, it can also be applied to other occasions where the temperature control medium flow path needs to be adjusted.
  • valve core 40 in this embodiment can be moved to switch the opening and closing of the first valve port B and the second valve port A.
  • the right movement of the valve core 40 can block the first valve port B.
  • the second valve port A is opened; the valve core 40 is moved to the left to block the second valve port A and open the first valve port B.
  • the opening and closing of the first valve port B and the second valve port A realizes switching of two kinds of flow paths.
  • the lubricating oil is cooled by the cooler or directly returned to the transmission without cooling.
  • the specific implementation of the movement of the spool 40 is mainly through a return spring 202 and a memory spring 201 disposed in the valve chamber 10a, that is, a spring made of a shape memory alloy material (SMA material. Shape Memory Alloy).
  • the return spring 202 can provide a restoring force for the spool 40 to open the first valve port B.
  • the return spring 202 is a tension spring, that is, a pulling force is provided, and the spool 40 provided in FIG. 3 is pulled to the left.
  • the tension spring can function to connect the valve core 40, and the valve core 40 can be processed into a structure with an axial section in the shape shown in the figure, which reduces the weight and facilitates the movement; the memory spring 201 rises to a specific temperature.
  • the elastic characteristic is activated, having an elastic potential to provide an elastic force, and the direction of the elastic force is opposite to the direction of the pulling force to drive the spool 40 to move against the restoring force.
  • the specific value at which the above-described memory spring 201 is elastically activated can be selected as needed to cause temperature rise deformation at an ambient temperature at which path switching is required.
  • the medium for example, the lubricating oil of the above transmission
  • the medium flows from the first inlet 103 into the valve chamber 10a of the temperature control valve. Since the second valve port A is closed, the first valve port B is opened, and the medium is opened. The first valve port B flows to the small hole 10c, the linear passage 10b, and the second outlet 104, and returns to the transmission;
  • the spring characteristic of the memory spring 201 is activated, and the generated elastic force is greater than the restoring force of the return spring 202, and the spool 40 is at the memory spring.
  • the force difference between the 201 and the return spring 202 moves toward the first valve port B, and the spool 40 can block the first valve port B and open the second valve port A.
  • the memory spring 201 After the medium cools down and falls below a certain value, the spring characteristic of the memory spring 201 will fail, the elastic force will decrease and disappear, and the spool 40 will be away from the first valve port B under the resetting force of the return spring 202, and the first valve port B is opened. The second port A is closed and returns to the state shown in FIG. It can be seen that the memory spring 201 provided in this embodiment acts as a thermal element for driving the action of the spool 40, and has a simple structure.
  • the memory spring 201 and the return spring 202 are both disposed between the end cap 30 and the valve body 40. Obviously, the arrangement is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the temperature control valve according to the present invention.
  • the second valve port A is closed and the first valve port B is opened.
  • FIG. 7 is the valve core 40 of FIG. After the shifting, the first valve port B is closed and the second valve port A is opened.
  • the memory spring 201 is located between the end cover 30 and the valve core 40. One end of the memory spring 201 is in contact with the other end of the valve body 40, and the other end of the memory spring 201 and the end cover 30 are provided. Contact. A stepped hole is formed in the valve body 10, and the large hole of the stepped hole is the valve cavity 10a, and the small hole 10c is in contact with the large hole to form the first valve port B. The difference is that the return spring 202 in FIG.
  • the return spring 202 and the memory spring 201 can be disposed at both ends of the valve body 40, and one end of the return spring 202 abuts against one end of the valve body 40, and the return spring The other end of the 202 abuts the valve body 10 to provide the spool 40 with an opposing force.
  • the return spring 202 is disposed in the small hole 10c, and the small hole 10c is provided with a step.
  • the return spring 202 is pre-compressed between the valve body 40 and the step, and provides a resilient force for driving the valve core 40 away from the first valve port B.
  • the direction of the elastic force acting on the spool 40 with the memory spring 201 is opposite.
  • the valve body 40 may be provided with a projection toward the right end of the return spring 202 to be inserted into the return spring 202 to function to assemble the return spring 202 while also positioning and guiding the spool 40.
  • the stepped hole 10c may not be provided with a step.
  • the right end of the return spring 202 directly abuts against the inner wall of the linear passage 10b, or a concave hole is provided in the inner wall of the linear passage 10b, and the right end of the return spring 202 directly abuts in the recessed hole.
  • the return spring 202 can also be pre-compressed between the spool 40 and the chamber wall at the right end of the valve chamber 10a.
  • the right end of the valve core 40 is a sealing portion, and the first valve port B can be blocked when moving to the right; and the memory spring 201 serves as a sealing portion of the second valve port A as a medium.
  • the memory spring 201 can be in a compressed and tight state, and corresponds to the position of the second valve port A to block the second valve port A.
  • the memory spring 201 is heated and in an expanded state, its deformation elongation
  • the diameter of the memory spring 201 is reduced, a gap occurs between the second valve port A, and a gap is also formed between the plurality of coils of the memory spring 201.
  • the medium in the valve chamber 10a can flow to the second valve through the gap and the gap.
  • the memory spring 201 functions not only as a thermal element that drives the movement of the spool 40 but also as a seal, thereby simplifying the structure of the spool 40.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the third embodiment of the temperature regulating valve according to the present invention.
  • the opening has a preset opening degree, and the second valve port A also has an initial preset opening degree;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the temperature regulating valve after the memory spring 201 is deformed after the temperature rises to a specific value in FIG. 8 , the first valve port B is closed, the second valve port A is opened;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control valve after the temperature of the memory spring 201 is lowered to a specific value in FIG. 9 , the first valve port B is opened, and the second valve port A is closed;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the valve body 40 of Figure 8.
  • the second valve port A is also disposed on the side cavity wall of the valve chamber 10a, and the first valve port B is disposed on the cavity wall at one end of the valve chamber 10a.
  • the valve core 40 in the embodiment is additionally provided with a sleeve portion 402.
  • the memory spring 201 is disposed in the sleeve portion 402 between the end cover 30 and the valve core 40, and the spool 40 is The right end forms a first sealing portion that blocks the first valve port B, and the sleeve portion 402 on the valve core 40 forms a second sealing portion that blocks the second valve port A.
  • the outer wall of the sleeve portion 402 can be along The side cavity wall of the valve chamber 10a slides to block or open the second valve port A, and the memory spring 201 at this time serves only as a thermal element that drives the movement of the spool 40 in accordance with the temperature change.
  • the end cover 30 is provided with a boss toward the inner end surface of the valve body 40, and the memory spring 201 is provided with a boss at one end.
  • the valve body 40 includes a main body portion 401 extending in the axial direction and a sleeve portion 402 of the outer casing portion main body portion 401.
  • the left end of the main body portion 401 extends into the sleeve portion 402, and the other end of the memory spring 201 is sleeved at the left end of the main body portion 401.
  • the sleeve portion 402 of the valve body 40 and the body portion 401 may be separately processed or integrally formed as shown in FIG.
  • a stepped hole is also formed in the valve body 10.
  • the large hole of the stepped hole is the valve cavity 10a, and the large hole of the stepped hole and the small hole 10c meet to form the first One valve port B.
  • the right end of the main body portion 401 of the valve body 40 serves as a first sealing portion, and a guiding rod 403 is further connected.
  • the guiding rod 403 may be integrally formed on the main body portion 401 or integrally formed on the main body portion 401, and the guiding rod 403 can be inserted into the small portion.
  • the hole 10c is guided by the movement of the spool 40.
  • the guide rod 403 is provided on the spool 40 to be inserted into the small hole 10c is also applicable to other embodiments.
  • the end of the spool 40 facing the first valve port B can be hollow to reduce weight and save material.
  • the right end of the valve body 40 serves as a sealing portion for sealing the first valve port B, and the boss is inserted into the return spring 202.
  • the return spring 202 is located in the small hole 10c, and can also play a certain guiding role; However, in the third embodiment, the guide rod 403 is directly inserted into the small hole 10c for guiding, and the guiding effect is better. Since the sleeve portion 402 is provided, it is not necessary to process the stepped hole in the hole wall of the small hole 10c to install the return spring 202.
  • the return spring 202 can abut between the sleeve portion 402 and the end cavity wall of the valve chamber 10a, as shown in the figure. 8 is shown.
  • valve body 40 is provided with the sleeve portion 402 in the third embodiment, the sleeve portion 402 is slidably engaged with the side cavity wall of the valve chamber 10a, and an opening 402b is provided at a position near the bottom of the sleeve portion 402 near the first inlet 103, such as Figure 11 (i.e., the bottom of the bottom in Figure 8) allows the medium to flow into the interior of the sleeve portion 402 to flow to the second port A.
  • Figure 11 i.e., the bottom of the bottom in Figure 8
  • the introduction port 402a communicates with the inner cavity of the valve chamber 10a and the sleeve portion 402.
  • the inlets 402a may be one or more in number.
  • the left end of the main body portion 401 of the valve body 40 is provided with an end boss 401a, and in an initial state, that is, at the time of shipment, one end of the memory spring 201 is wound around the end boss 401a. Abutting against the stepped surface formed by the end boss 401a and the main body portion 401, which is the initial position of the end of the memory spring 201. At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, the first valve port B is not fully opened, and has a preset opening degree.
  • the second valve port A also has an initial preset opening degree, so that the temperature regulating valve has the characteristic that the second valve port A is normally open in the initial state, thereby facilitating the filling of the transmission into the lubricating oil in the initial state, Lubricating oil can be injected into the cooler to meet the initial filling requirements. That is, both valve ports are open.
  • the memory spring 201 is deformed, and there is a certain expansion, so as to be separated from the end boss 401a, and wrap around the body portion 401 having a larger outer diameter, and the memory spring 201 thereafter switches to the normal state.
  • the working state will always surround the main body portion 401, as shown in FIG. 9, and deformed to abut the bottom position of the sleeve portion 402, which is the working position.
  • the first valve port B is at the memory spring 201. The elastic force continues to close.
  • the initial position and working position of the end of the memory spring 201 described herein refer to the relative position of the end portion to the valve body 10 (the valve body wall or end cap 30 of the valve body 10) or the spool 40, and does not follow the spool 40. Move and change.
  • the memory spring 201 When the temperature is lower than a certain value, the memory spring 201 loses its characteristics, and under the action of the restoring force of the return spring 202, the spool 40 moves and compresses the memory spring 201. Since the distance between the bottom of the sleeve portion 402 and the end cover 30 is greater than the distance between the boss of the main body portion 401 and the end cover 30, after the memory spring 201 is disengaged from the main body portion 401 and wraps around the main body portion 401, the spool 40 is at the return spring. The action of 202 will be further closer to the end cap 30, and the sleeve portion 402 will block the second valve port A, eliminating the initial preset opening, as shown in FIG.
  • this embodiment provides an arrangement in which a two-stage step is provided on the valve body 40 (a step surface between the end step 401a and the main body portion 401, and a second step surface, that is, a sleeve portion).
  • the first and second step faces form an initial position and a working position, respectively.
  • the first valve port B has a preset opening degree, and the distance between the spool 40 and the first valve port B when the memory spring 201 is in the initial position is smaller than the memory spring 201 is in the working position and the temperature The distance between the spool 40 and the first valve port B when it is below a certain value.
  • the distance between the initial position and the end cover 40 is smaller than the distance between the working position and the end cover 40, so that the memory spring 201 is in any temperature environment (not affected by a specific value)
  • the first valve port B Both remain in the closed state
  • the second valve port A has a preset opening degree (if the second valve port A is not provided, the medium can flow directly to the first outlet 104).
  • the distance between the end cover 30 and the working position of the spool 40 is longer, so that the return spring 202 can drive the spool 40 to compress the memory spring 202 more distance, thereby opening the first valve port B, the second valve port A can be closed.
  • the initial position and the working position are set to adjust the distance between the valve body 40 and the end cover 30 or the valve body 10 so that the distance between the two ends of the memory spring 201 can be compressed under two working positions.
  • the degree of the difference is different, so that the first valve port B is closed or opened. Therefore, the initial position and the working position can also be set with the valve core 40 or the valve body 10, and can also be realized by a two-stage step, and both the valve body 40 and the valve body 10 can be set to an initial position, a working position, or a valve.
  • Both the core 40 and the end cap 30 can be provided with an initial, working position such that both ends of the memory spring 201 can abut the initial or working position.
  • the first outlet 101, the second inlet 102, the second outlet 104, and the first inlet 103 are all disposed on the side wall of the valve body 10, and the first valve port B is disposed at the end cavity of the valve chamber 10a.
  • the wall, the second valve port A is provided on the side wall of the valve chamber 10a.
  • the second outlet 104 and the second inlet 102 are opposite to each other, and a linear passage 10b is formed therebetween (the other embodiments also form a linear passage 10b), and the first valve port B is connected to the linear passage 10b.
  • the above embodiment is specifically The small hole 10c passing through the stepped hole is connected to the linear passage 10b.
  • the first inlet 103 and the second inlet 102 can share a passage to the second outlet 104, thereby simplifying the structure and facilitating processing.
  • other settings can also be taken.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the fourth embodiment of the temperature regulating valve according to the present invention.
  • the first valve port B has a preset opening degree
  • the second valve port A has a preset opening degree.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control valve after the temperature of the memory spring 201 is increased to a specific value in FIG. 12, the first valve port B is closed, and the second valve port A is opened;
  • FIG. 14 is the temperature in FIG. Below the value, the memory spring 201 loses its characteristic after the thermostat valve diagram, the first valve port B is opened, and the second valve port A is closed;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of the end cap 30 of FIG.
  • the end cap 30 does not only cover the port position of the valve body 10, but also serves as an adapter structure.
  • the cooler can be specifically connected.
  • the adapter is provided with a passage through the inside and the outside thereof, the passage forming an outlet passage 10d, the inner port of the outlet passage 10d being the second valve port A, and the outer port being the first outlet 101.
  • the second valve port A and the first valve port B are distributed along the axial direction of the valve chamber 10a.
  • one end thereof may be the first sealing portion to block the first valve port B.
  • the other end is a second sealing portion that blocks the second valve port A.
  • the sealing of the first valve port B and the second valve port A by the valve core 40 is convenient, and the valve core 40 is easier to process.
  • the second outlet 104, the second inlet 102, and the first inlet 103 are also on the valve body 10 except that the end cover 30 is the adapter housing structure to form the first outlet 101 of the temperature control valve.
  • the external joint 50 is formed, and in the first to third embodiments as above, the outlet and the inlet connected to the outside form a joint-like structure directly on the valve body 10, both of which can be applied to all embodiments of the present embodiment.
  • the initial setting of the preset opening degree is also performed.
  • the adapter seat is provided with two steps toward the inner end of the valve core 40.
  • the outer diameter of the first step is smaller than the outer diameter of the second step, respectively forming a first step surface 301 and a second step toward the valve core 40.
  • Face 302 the first and second step faces are respectively the initial position and the working position.
  • the distance of the spool 40 from the initial position is then less than the distance of the spool 40 from the working position.
  • the left end of the memory spring 201 surrounds the first step of the spool 40, against the first step surface 301.
  • the first valve port B is closed, and the second valve port A has an initial state.
  • the preset opening degree as shown in FIG. 12, makes the temperature regulating valve have the characteristic that the second valve port A is normally open in the initial state, thereby facilitating the filling of the lubricating oil into the transmission in the initial state, and also into the cooler. Lubricate the oil to meet the initial filling requirements.
  • the memory spring 201 abuts at the initial position, the first valve port B is closed, and the lubricating oil can flow into the first outlet 101 and into the cooler.
  • the memory spring 201 is deformed, and there is a certain expansion, so as to be separated from the first step and wrap around to the second step, and the memory spring 201 is switched to the normal working position thereafter, and will always wrap around.
  • the memory spring 201 is also deformed against the secondary step surface 302 at the same time, and at this time, the first valve port B continues to be closed by the elastic force of the memory spring 201.
  • the memory spring 201 loses its characteristics, and under the action of the restoring force of the return spring 202, the spool 40 moves and compresses the memory spring 201. Since the distance between the secondary step surface 302 and the spool 40 is greater than the distance between the first step surface 301 and the spool 40, the spool 40 is at the return spring 202 after the memory spring 201 is disengaged from the first step and wraps around the secondary step. The action will be further closer to the end cap 30, and the left end of the spool 40 will block the second valve port A, eliminating the initial preset opening degree, and the first valve port B is now in the open state.
  • the outer circumference of the valve body 40 toward the end of the second valve port A is tapered, that is, has a tapered surface that cooperates with the second valve port A
  • the left end portion of the valve body 40 is also provided with a circumferential projection, as shown in FIG. 12, the memory spring The right end of 201 is in contact with the circumferential projection.
  • the valve body 40 faces the end of the first valve port B (the right end portion in FIG. 12, that is, the first seal portion), has a boss, and can be inserted into the return spring 202.
  • the return spring 202 is placed in the small hole 10c.
  • FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the fifth embodiment of the temperature regulating valve according to the present invention.
  • the first valve port B has a preset opening degree.
  • the second valve port A has a preset opening degree;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the temperature regulating valve after the temperature of the memory spring 201 is increased to a specific value in FIG. 16 , the first valve port B is closed, and the second valve port A is opened;
  • 18 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control valve after the temperature of the memory spring 201 is lowered to a specific value in FIG. 17, and the first valve port B is opened, and the second valve port A is closed.
  • valve core 40 is a spherical body, and the spherical valve core 40 is blocked when the first valve port B and the second valve port A are blocked. Can play a better blocking effect.
  • the spherical valve core 40 may also be employed, or at least the portion of the plug may be machined as a spherical surface.
  • two steps are also provided on the end cover 30 of the adapter structure, so that the memory spring 201 has an initial shape to form an initial preset opening, which facilitates injection of cooling oil into the cooler.
  • FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the sixth embodiment of the temperature regulating valve according to the present invention, the first valve port B is closed, and the second valve port A is opened; 19 is a schematic structural view of the spool 40.
  • valve body 40 structure includes the coupled spherical portion 404 and the sealing plate 405.
  • the spherical portion 404 is used to block the second valve port A
  • the sealing plate 405 is used to block the first valve port B.
  • the sealing plate 405 is provided with a concave hole 405a toward one side of the spherical portion 404, so that the spherical portion 404 can be partially embedded in the concave hole 405a to be fixed, thereby facilitating the fixation of the two;
  • the other surface of the sealing plate 405 is provided with a projection for inserting the return spring In 202, it functions to position, guide, and facilitate the installation of the return spring 202.
  • the spherical portion 404 does not need to simultaneously satisfy the sealing of the two valve ports, and the memory spring 201 is between the end cover 30 and the sealing plate 405.
  • FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the seventh embodiment of the temperature regulating valve according to the present invention.
  • the first valve port B is closed and the second valve port A is opened.
  • valve core 40 has a column shape, and both end faces thereof are used for sealing the first valve port B and the second valve port A, respectively, and a side facing the first valve port B is also provided with a protrusion for inserting into the return spring 202 for positioning, Guided and facilitated the installation of the return spring 202.
  • FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the eighth embodiment of the temperature control valve according to the present invention.
  • the first valve port B is opened and the second valve port A is closed.
  • FIG. 23 is the temperature rise of the memory spring 201 in FIG. Schematic diagram of the deformed temperature regulating valve, the first valve port B is closed, and the second valve port A is opened;
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the end cap 30 and the valve core 40, the return spring 202, and the memory spring 201 of FIG. 22 after installation;
  • FIG. It is a perspective view of FIG.
  • the second valve port A in this embodiment is also opened on the end cover 30 (the end cover does not adopt the adapter structure), but the first outlet 101 is still disposed on the valve body 10. Side wall.
  • an outlet passage 10d that communicates with the first outlet 101 and the second valve port A is opened in the end cover 30 and the valve body 10.
  • the outlet passage 10d actually corresponds to an "L" shape, as shown in FIG. Similar to the position of the second port A of the fourth to seventh embodiments, the sealing by which the spool 40 is moved is more convenient.
  • the end cover 30 is provided with a socket, and the temperature regulating valve is further provided with a valve stem 60.
  • One end of the valve stem 60 can be inserted into the insertion hole in the axial direction, and the other end protrudes from the end cover 30, the valve stem
  • the other end of the extended end cap 30 can be inserted into the spool 40 to slidably engage the spool 40.
  • the spool 40 can be moved along the valve stem 60 during the movement to provide a good positioning and guiding function.
  • the outer periphery of the end cap 30 forms an annular passage for facilitating the flow of the medium to the first outlet 101.
  • the left end of the end cap 30 is for blocking the left end port of the valve chamber 10a
  • the right end portion is formed with the second valve port A, and there is also a connecting body therebetween
  • the valve stem 60 is from the second valve port A. Insert the connector and enter the left end.
  • the left end portion, the right end portion and the connecting body of the end cover 30 are integrally formed, and the structure is reliable, and the valve stem 60 and the memory spring 201 are reliably mounted, and can be assembled into the valve chamber 10a after assembly.
  • the left end portion, the right end portion, and the connecting body of the end cover 30 may also be connected separately.
  • valve stem 60 is also suitable for other embodiments.
  • the valve stem can be inserted into the passage of the end cap 30, the valve The ends of the rods can be secured to the side walls of the channel by connectors.
  • valve stem 60 in the eighth embodiment is fixed to the end cap 30. It can be understood that the valve stem 60 can also be fixed to the valve core 40 and slidably engaged with the end cap 30. In comparison, the valve stem 60 Fixing to the end cap 30 makes the spool 40 run more smoothly and reliably.
  • the valve body 40 herein may be provided with a through hole for sliding along the valve stem 60. Further, a sealing piece 40' is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the right end of the valve body 40, and the sealing piece 40' serves as a first sealing portion for sealing the first valve port B.
  • the outer peripheral wall of the right end of the valve body 40 is further disposed in the annular groove. One end of the return spring 202 is embedded in the annular groove, and the other end abuts against the step of the small hole 10c. Abutting against the inner wall of the linear passage 10b or the end chamber wall of the valve chamber 10a has been described in the above embodiment and will not be described again.
  • the sealing piece 40' can also be processed into a unitary structure with the valve core 40.
  • FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the ninth embodiment of the temperature regulating valve according to the present invention.
  • the first valve port B is closed.
  • the second valve port A is opened.
  • the sealing piece 40' is integrally processed with the valve core 40, it has more reliable strength, and the return spring 202 can directly abut against the sealing piece 40'.
  • the return spring 202 shown in Fig. 25 is pre-compressed to the step of the small hole 10c. And on the sealing sheet 40'.
  • Various embodiments of the present invention provide various modifications to the spool 40, and the structure of the spool 40 in each embodiment can be used interchangeably.
  • the spool 40 when the first inlet 103 is disposed on the sidewall of the valve body 10, in order to improve the reliability of the movement of the spool 40, the spool 40 may be designed to at least partially and the inner wall of the valve chamber 40. The sliding fit prevents the impact of the valve core 40 or the memory spring 201 when the fluid flows in.
  • FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the tenth embodiment of the temperature regulating valve according to the present invention.
  • the first valve port B is opened and the second valve port A is closed.
  • FIG. 28 is the valve core 40 of FIG. After the shifting, the second valve port A is opened and the first valve port B is closed;
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic view of the valve body 40 of FIG.
  • the spool 40 moves axially along the valve chamber 10a and partially slidably engages the inner wall of the valve chamber 10a.
  • the first valve port B is located at the end cavity wall of the valve chamber 10a, that is, the axial cavity wall
  • the second valve port A is located at the side cavity wall of the valve cavity 10a, that is, the radial cavity wall.
  • the first inlet 103 and the second valve port A are opposite, specifically, the inlet passage 10e connecting the first inlet 103 and the valve chamber 10a is opposed to the second valve port A and the outlet passage 10d.
  • the passage between the first inlet 103 and the first outlet 101 is a straight passage, as shown in Fig. 28, when the second port A is opened, the medium can flow out through the straight passage, and the response is faster.
  • the structure of the spool 40 of this embodiment is similar to that of the third embodiment, and the spool 40 includes a sleeve portion 402 as a second seal portion that blocks the second valve port A.
  • the memory spring 201 is disposed in the sleeve portion 402 between the valve body 40 and the end cap 30.
  • the edge of the open end of the sleeve portion 402 is provided with a notch 402c as a drainage flow path into which the introduction medium enters the sleeve portion 402.
  • a notch 402c as a drainage flow path into which the introduction medium enters the sleeve portion 402.
  • the drainage flow path is not limited to the notch 402c shown in the drawing, and for example, the side wall and the bottom of the sleeve portion 402 may be opened.
  • outlet passage 10d of this embodiment and the inlet passage 10e are oppositely disposed.
  • the sleeve portion 402 is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the valve chamber 10a, in order to avoid also blocking the passage between the medium and the first valve port B,
  • a portion of the outer wall of the sleeve portion 402 corresponding to the second valve port A is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the valve chamber 10a, and the sleeve portion 402 is in contact with the inlet passage 10e, a portion of the outer wall corresponding to the first inlet 103, and the inner wall of the valve chamber 10a.
  • the second sealing portion only needs to seal the second valve port A, the portion facing the inlet passage 10e, and the inner wall of the valve chamber 10a is required to have a gap.
  • the central axis of the valve chamber 10a is offset from the central axis of the valve body 40, and the portion of the valve chamber 10a is recessed relative to the inlet passage 10e.
  • the valve chamber 10a may not be recessed, and the spool 40 may be It is also possible to set the opposite axis to an eccentric structure.
  • the manner in which the valve core 40 is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the valve chamber 10a satisfies both stability and impact resistance as well as fluid circulation.
  • a two-stage stepped hole is formed, and the largest hole is the valve cavity 10a, and the intermediate hole and the largest hole meet to form the first valve port B.
  • the stroke of the spool 40 to block the first valve port B is shortened.
  • the second inlet 102 and the second outlet 104 of this embodiment are also opposed to each other, forming a linear passage 10b therebetween.
  • the return spring 202 penetrates the minimum hole and is compressed between the spool 40 and the inner wall of the linear passage 10b, and the inner wall can be disposed
  • the recess for the end of the return spring 202 is apparently compressed to the end wall of the valve chamber 10a, or a step is provided in the smallest hole, and can be compressed in both the step and the spool 40.
  • the valve chamber 10a is formed as a cavity having a port at one end, and an end cover 30 is disposed at the port.
  • the memory spring 201 is disposed between the end cover 30 and the valve core 40. This manner facilitates machining of the valve chamber 10a on the valve body 10, but it will be understood that the structure of the valve chamber 10a is not limited thereto.
  • the valve chamber 10a may have no port at both ends, and no end cap is provided, and the memory spring 201 and the return spring 202 (first embodiment) may be disposed in the cavity wall of the valve chamber 10a and the valve body 40. between.
  • the purpose of setting the secondary step is to switch from the initial position to the working position and maintain the working position after the temperature rise and expansion deformation by utilizing the characteristics of the memory spring 201. Therefore, it is not limited to setting the secondary step.
  • an annular groove is provided at the end of the valve body 40, and the end of the memory spring 201 is surrounded by the annular groove. After the temperature rises, it is detached from the annular groove to interfere with the other.
  • the position, as the working position can also achieve the purpose of setting the initial preset opening degree.
  • the control element for controlling the movement of the valve body 40 by the temperature control valve is the memory spring 201.
  • the response time of the memory spring 201 is faster than that of the spring surrounding the thermal element, and the second valve port A can be opened in time. To switch the media to another flow path. When applied specifically to the chiller and transmission, the performance of the transmission can be improved to prevent damage to the transmission.
  • the temperature regulating valve does not need to be additionally provided with a thermal element, and has a simple structure and convenient installation, so that the entire temperature regulating valve is light in weight and small in volume.
  • first valve port B and the second valve port A of the valve body 10 are described by taking the first valve port B and the second valve port A of the valve body 10 as an example. It can be understood that it is also possible to provide the second valve port A, that is, it is not provided to be able to open and close. The second port A, but the passage between the first outlet 101 and the valve chamber 10a is conducted.
  • the medium (such as lubricating oil) can flow directly to the cooler; when the first port B is opened, even if there is no second port A, only Connecting the outlet passage of the first outlet 101, since the cooler communicates with the first outlet 101, the flow resistance of the flow path of the first outlet 101 is greater than the flow resistance of the flow path directly flowing to the second outlet 104 through the first valve port B, and therefore, the medium Most will flow through the first port B to the second outlet 104.
  • the second valve port A is provided, and the first valve port B is switched between the opening and closing states, so that the flow path of the medium under different demands can be more clearly distributed, and the internal leakage of the system can be reduced.
  • the first valve port B can be closed when the memory spring 201 is in the initial position, so that the lubricating oil can be directly
  • the cooler is flowed from the first outlet 101 to function as a lubricating oil in an initial state.
  • a second inlet 102 should be provided, and the first valve port B is also in communication with the second inlet 102 so that the lubricating oil flowing in from the second inlet 102 can also fill the passage between the first port B and the transmission. , complete the oil filling process of the entire system.
  • the first valve port B may have a preset opening degree as described in the above embodiment, or may be closed.
  • the valve body 10 of the temperature control valve is preferably disposed and the second outlet is also provided.
  • the second inlet 102 is communicated 104 such that the lubricating oil flowing in from the second inlet 102 is also capable of filling the passage between the first port B and the transmission.
  • the valve body 10 is not limited to the second inlet 102, and the outlet of the cooler is also It can be connected to the transmission through other passages.
  • the distance between the spool 40 and the first valve port B when the memory spring 201 is in the initial position is set to be smaller than the memory spring.
  • the distance between the spool 40 and the first port B when the 201 is in the working position and the temperature is below a certain value.
  • the length is different, so that the first valve port B and/or the second valve port A have different opening adjustments at the initial and working positions.

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Abstract

一种调温阀，包括端盖（30）、阀体（10）和位于阀体阀腔（10a）内的阀芯（40），调温阀具有第一出口（101）、第二出口（104）、与阀腔连通的第一入口（103），连通阀腔和第二出口的第一阀口（B）、连通阀腔和第一出口的第二阀口（A）；阀腔内还设有复位弹簧（202）和记忆弹簧（201）；记忆弹簧升温至特定值时产生弹性力以驱动阀芯克服复位力移动，关闭第一阀口；阀体或阀芯或端盖设有初始位置和工作位置，记忆弹簧至少一端部位于初始位置；记忆弹簧升温至特定值时变形后端部能够脱离初始位置而保持于工作位置。记忆弹簧的响应时间更快，可及时切换至另一流动路径。调温阀体积较小；初始位置和工作位置，实现在初始状态下通过第一出口向相关设备充入介质。

Description

调温阀
本申请要求于2017年11月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711116965.7和201711115307.6，发明名称均为“调温阀”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及阀体技术领域，具体涉及一种调温阀。
背景技术
在车辆的变速器中需要容置润滑油，该润滑油可以起到润滑和冷却的功能，需要将润滑油控制在合适的工作温度。
变速箱润滑油温度较高时，可通过外部冷却装置进行冷却。冷却装置包括换热器，利用冷却水或者冷媒对温度较高的润滑油进行冷却，以达到变速箱润滑油保持在一定的工作温度范围内的目的。而当润滑油温度较低时，不经过冷却装置，即变速箱的润滑油流出时，具有两条路径，一条是经过冷却装置，一条是不经过冷却装置。
目前，上述两条路径的切换是通过调温阀进行。调温阀中设有热动元件和弹簧，热动元件根据热敏物质感受流体的温度热胀冷缩，热胀时传递作用力给弹簧，流经冷却装置的路径被打开，冷缩时复位，流经冷却装置的流路被旁通。
然而，上述方案存在下述技术问题：
从热敏物质感受温度到热胀冷缩再到给予弹簧作用力，需要一定的响应时间，即热动元件的响应时间较长，会使润滑油的温度产生一定的滞后性，继而影响到变速器的性能。并且，上述包含热敏物质的热动元件体积较大。
发明内容
本发明提供一种调温阀，以提高温控感应时间。
本方案的调温阀，
一种调温阀，包括端盖、阀体和位于所述阀体的阀腔内的阀芯，调温阀具有第一出口、第二出口、与所述阀腔连通的第一入口，所述阀体内还设有可连通所述阀腔和所述第二出口的第一阀口，所述阀芯移动时，所述阀芯可打开或者关闭所述第一阀口；其特征在于，
所述阀腔内还设有复位弹簧和记忆弹簧，所述记忆弹簧由记忆合金制成；所述复位弹簧，提供使所述阀芯开启所述第一阀口的复位力；所述记忆弹簧的一端与阀芯的一端相接触，所述记忆弹簧的另一端与所述端盖相接触，所述记忆弹簧在温度升高至特定值时产生弹力以驱动所述阀芯克服所述复位力移动，关闭所述第一阀口；
所述阀芯外壁的至少一部分与所述阀腔的内壁滑动配合，所述第一入口设于所述阀体的侧壁。
上述方案，相较于热动元件的方案，记忆弹簧的响应时间较快，可以及时开启第一阀口以使介质切换至另一流动路径。具体应用至冷却器和变速器时，可以提升变速器的性能。而且相比于热动元件，记忆弹簧和阀芯的组合体的重量较轻，体积也较小。
附图说明
图1为本发明所提供调温阀第一实施例的结构示意图；
图2为图1中调温阀另一角度的示意图，示出底部；
图3为图1的剖视图，第二阀口关闭，第一阀口开启；
图4为图3中阀芯右移后的示意图，第一阀口关闭，第二阀口开启；
图5是3中阀体的示意图；
图6为本发明所提供调温阀第二实施例的结构剖视图，第二阀口关闭，第一阀口开启；
图7为图6中阀芯右移后的示意图，第一阀口关闭，第二阀口开启；
图8为本发明所提供调温阀第三实施例的结构剖视图，处于初始状态，第一阀口具有预设开度，第二阀口具有预设开度；
图9为图8中温度升高至特定值后，记忆弹簧变形后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口关闭，第二阀口开启；
图10为图9中温度降低至特定值之下，记忆弹簧失去特性后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口开启，第二阀口关闭；
图11为图8中阀芯的结构示意图；
图12为本发明所提供调温阀第四实施例的结构剖视图，处于初始状态，第一阀口具有预设开度，第二阀口具有预设开度；
图13为图12中温度升高至特定值后，记忆弹簧变形后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口关闭，第二阀口开启；
图14为图13中温度降低至特定值之下，记忆弹簧失去特性后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口开启，第二阀口关闭；
图15为图12中端盖的结构示意图；
图16为本发明所提供调温阀第五实施例的结构剖视图，处于初始状态，第一阀口具有预设开度，第二阀口具有预设开度；
图17为图16中温度升高至特定值后，记忆弹簧变形后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口关闭，第二阀口开启；
图18为图17中温度降低至特定值之下，记忆弹簧失去特性后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口开启，第二阀口关闭；
图19为本发明所提供调温阀第六实施例的结构剖视图，第一阀口关闭，第二阀口开启；
图20为图19中阀芯的结构示意图；
图21为本发明所提供调温阀第七实施例的结构剖视图，第一阀口关闭，第二阀口开启；
图22为本发明所提供调温阀第八实施例的结构剖视图，第一阀口开启，第二阀口关闭；
图23为图22中记忆弹簧升温变形后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口关闭，第二阀口开启；
图24是图22中端盖和阀芯、复位弹簧、记忆弹簧安装后的示意图；
图25为图24的立体示意图；
图26为本发明所提供调温阀第九实施例的结构剖视图，第一阀口B关闭，第二阀口A开启；
图27为本发明所提供调温阀第十实施例的结构剖视图，第一阀口开启，第二阀口关闭；
图28为图27中阀芯右移后的示意图，第二阀口开启、第一阀口关闭；
图29为图27中阀芯的示意图。
图1-29中附图标记说明如下：
10阀体；10a阀腔、10b直线通道、10c小孔、10d出口通道、10e进口通道；B第一阀口、A第二阀口；
101第一出口、102第二入口、103第一入口、104第二出口；
201记忆弹簧、202复位弹簧；
30端盖、301一级台阶面、302二级台阶面；
40阀芯、401主体部、401a端部凸台、402套筒部、402a导入口、402b开口、402c缺口；403导向杆、405密封板、405a凹孔、404球形部；40’密封片；
50外接接头、60阀杆。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
请参考图1-4，图1为本发明所提供调温阀第一实施例的结构示意图；图2为图1中调温阀另一角度的示意图，示出底部；图3为图1的剖视图，第二阀口关闭，第一阀口开启；图4为图3中阀芯右移后的示意图，第一阀口关闭，第二阀口开启；图5是图3中阀体的示意图。
第一实施例中的调温阀，包括阀体10，阀体10内部形成阀腔10a，具体在该实施例中，阀腔10a如图3、5所示，自左向右，贯通阀体10的一端端面，形成左端具有端口的阀腔10a，端口处采用端盖30封堵。阀腔10a内置有阀芯40，阀芯40可沿阀腔10a轴向移动，此处的轴向即阀腔10a 一端至另一端的延伸方向，是图3、4中所示的左右方向，当阀体10为如图1、2所示的长方体形状时，这里的轴向也是阀体10或阀腔10a的长度方向。
调温阀具有第一出口101、第二入口102、第二出口104，以及与所述阀腔10a连通的第一入口103，在该实施例中，上述的入口、出口均一体成型于阀体10的外壁，可以与外界部件相接。图5中，阀体10内还开设连通阀腔10a和第二出口104的第一阀口B，以及连通阀腔10a和第一出口101的第二阀口A。其中，第二阀口A具体设于阀腔10a的侧面腔壁，第二阀口A和第一出口101之间为出口通道10d；第一阀口B形成于阀腔10a一端的腔壁，即图3中的右端腔壁，左端为由端盖30封堵的端口，第一阀口B通过第二出口通道和第二出口104连通，图3中的第二出口通道包括小孔10c和第二入口102、第二出口104之间的直线通道10b。
本文所有实施例中所述的调温阀，可用于变速器和冷却器之间，调温阀内部流动的介质为润滑油。即调温阀的第一出口101连通冷却器的入口，第二入口102连通冷却器的出口，第二出口104连通变速器的入口，第一入口103连通变速器的出口，润滑油从变速器流出后经第一入口103进入调温阀，可经第一阀口B、第二出口104直接流回变速器，或经第二阀口A、第一出口101进入冷却器冷却后再经第二入口102、第二出口104流回变速器，下文主要工作过程也以此应用进行示例说明。但可以理解，变速器、冷却器只是本发明中调温阀应用的一种较为典型的场合，显然除了变速器之外，也可应用于其他需要进行温控调整介质流动路径的场合。
具体地，本实施例中的阀芯40能够移动以切换第一阀口B、第二阀口A的启闭，如图3所示，阀芯40右移可封堵第一阀口B，开启第二阀口A；阀芯40再左移，可封堵第二阀口A，开启第一阀口B。第一阀口B、第二阀口A的启闭，实现两种流动路径的切换，在应用至变速器、冷却器时，即实现润滑油经由冷却器冷却，或不经冷却直接返回变速器。
阀芯40移动的具体实现方式，主要通过设于阀腔10a内的复位弹簧202和记忆弹簧201，记忆弹簧201即由形状记忆合金材料(SMA材料。Shape Memory Alloy)制成的弹簧。复位弹簧202，可提供使所述阀芯40 开启第一阀口B的复位力，该实施例中，复位弹簧202是拉簧，即提供拉力，图3中提供的阀芯40拉力方向向左，拉簧可以起到连接阀芯40的作用，阀芯40可加工为图中所示的轴向截面呈“工”形的结构，减轻重量，便于移动；记忆弹簧201在温度升高至特定值时，弹性特性被激活，具有弹性势能从而提供弹性力，弹性力方向与拉力方向相反，以驱动所述阀芯40克服复位力移动。上述记忆弹簧201弹性被激活的特定值可根据需要进行材料的选择，使其在需要进行路径切换的环境温度下进行升温变形。
该实施例的工作原理如下：
在图3所示的工作状态，介质(例如是上述变速器的润滑油)从第一入口103流入调温阀的阀腔10a，由于第二阀口A关闭，第一阀口B开启，介质经第一阀口B流向小孔10c、直线通道10b、第二出口104，返回变速器；
当介质温度升高到特定值后，将会处于图4所示的工作状态，记忆弹簧201的弹簧特性被激活，产生的弹性力大于复位弹簧202的复位力，此时阀芯40在记忆弹簧201和复位弹簧202的力差下向靠近第一阀口B的方向移动，阀芯40可封堵第一阀口B，开启第二阀口A开启。介质从第一入口103流入后，经第二阀口A、出口通道10d、第一出口101进入冷却器进行冷却，冷却后的润滑油由冷却器流出，再自第二入口102进入阀腔10a，并经直线通道10b、第二出口104，重新进入变速器；
介质降温并低于特定值后，记忆弹簧201的弹簧特性将失效，弹性力降低、消失，阀芯40在复位弹簧202的复位力作用下又远离第一阀口B，第一阀口B开启，第二阀口A关闭，回到图3所示的状态。可见，该实施例中设置的记忆弹簧201充当驱动阀芯40动作的热动元件，结构简单。
该实施例中，记忆弹簧201和复位弹簧202均设于端盖30和阀芯40之间，显然，设置方式不限于此。
请继续参考图6-7，图6为本发明所提供调温阀第二实施例的结构剖视图，第二阀口A关闭，第一阀口B开启；图7为图6中阀芯40右移后的示意图，第一阀口B关闭，第二阀口A开启。
该实施例与第一实施例基本相同，记忆弹簧201位于端盖30和阀芯 40之间，记忆弹簧201的一端与阀芯40的另一端相接触，记忆弹簧201的另一端与端盖30相接触。阀体10内形成阶梯孔，阶梯孔的大孔即阀腔10a，小孔10c与大孔相接处形成第一阀口B。区别在于，图6中复位弹簧202提供回弹力而非拉力，即复位弹簧202和记忆弹簧201可分设于阀芯40的两端，复位弹簧202的一端与阀芯40的一端相抵接，复位弹簧202的另一端与阀体10相抵接，以为阀芯40提供方向相反的作用力。
具体是将复位弹簧202设于小孔10c内，小孔10c内设有台阶，复位弹簧202预压缩于阀芯40和该台阶之间，提供驱动阀芯40远离第一阀口B的回弹力，与记忆弹簧201作用于阀芯40的弹性力方向相反。此时，阀芯40朝向复位弹簧202的右端可设置凸起以插入复位弹簧202内，起到装配复位弹簧202，同时也定位、导向阀芯40的作用。
当然，小孔10c内也可以不设置台阶，复位弹簧202的右端直接抵接到直线通道10b的内壁，或在直线通道10b的内壁设置凹孔，复位弹簧202的右端直接抵接在凹孔内；复位弹簧202还可以预压缩在阀芯40和阀腔10a的右端部的腔壁之间。
另外，第一、第二实施例中，阀芯40的右端为其密封部，右移时可封堵第一阀口B；而记忆弹簧201则作为第二阀口A的密封部，当介质温度较低时，记忆弹簧201可处于压缩并紧的形态，并对应于第二阀口A的位置，以封堵第二阀口A，当记忆弹簧201升温处于膨胀状态时，其变形伸长，记忆弹簧201的直径减小，与第二阀口A之间出现间隙，且记忆弹簧201的若干弹簧圈之间也会出现缺口，阀腔10a内的介质可通过间隙和缺口流向第二阀口A并流出，此时，第二阀口A开启。可见，如此设置，记忆弹簧201不仅充当了驱动阀芯40移动的热动元件，而且还能够作为密封部，从而简化阀芯40结构。
当然，封堵第二阀口A的方式不限于此，可继续参考图8-11，图8为本发明所提供调温阀第三实施例的结构剖视图，处于初始状态，第一阀口B开启具有预设开度，第二阀口A也具有初始的预设开度；图9为图8中温度升高至特定值后，记忆弹簧201变形后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口B关闭，第二阀口A开启；图10为图9中温度降低至特定值之下，记忆弹 簧201失去特性后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口B开启，第二阀口A关闭；图11为图8中阀芯40的结构示意图。
该实施例中，第二阀口A也是设于阀腔10a的侧面腔壁，第一阀口B设于阀腔10a一端的腔壁。相较而言，还实施例中的阀芯40还额外设有套筒部402，记忆弹簧201设于套筒部402内，位于端盖30和阀芯40之间，此时阀芯40的右端形成封堵第一阀口B的第一密封部，而阀芯40上的套筒部402则形成封堵第二阀口A的第二密封部，具体是套筒部402的外壁可沿阀腔10a侧面腔壁滑动，以封堵或开启第二阀口A，此时的记忆弹簧201只充当根据温度变化而驱动阀芯40移动的热动元件。
为便于记忆弹簧201的装配，端盖30朝向阀芯40的内端面设有凸台，记忆弹簧201一端套设凸台。阀芯40包括沿轴向延伸的主体部401和外套部分主体部401的套筒部402，主体部401的左端伸入套筒部402内，记忆弹簧201的另一端套设主体部401的左端。阀芯40的套筒部402和主体部401可以分体加工，也可以一体形成，如图11所示。
第三实施例中，与第一、二实施例相同、阀体10内也形成阶梯孔，阶梯孔的大孔为阀腔10a，阶梯孔的大孔和小孔10c相接处形成所述第一阀口B。另外，阀芯40主体部401的右端作为第一密封部，还连接有导向杆403，导向杆403可以分体于主体部401也可以一体成型于主体部401，导向杆403能够插入所述小孔10c以导向阀芯40的移动。在阀芯40上设置导向杆403以插入小孔10c导向的特征，也可适用于其他实施例中。如图11所示，阀芯40朝向第一阀口B的一端可以中空，以减重，节省材料。
第二实施例中，阀芯40的右端作为密封第一阀口B的密封部，设有凸台插入复位弹簧202中，复位弹簧202位于小孔10c内，也能起到一定的导向作用；但第三实施例，直接以导向杆403插入小孔10c进行导向，导向效果更为良好。由于设置套筒部402，此时也无需在小孔10c孔壁加工台阶以安装复位弹簧202，复位弹簧202可抵接在套筒部402和阀腔10a的端部腔壁之间，如图8所示。
另外，由于第三实施例中阀芯40设置套筒部402，套筒部402与阀腔10a侧面腔壁滑动配合，在套筒部402底部靠近第一入口103的位置设有 开口402b，如图11所示(即图8中为底部的下方)，以便介质可以流入套筒部402的内腔，从而流向第二阀口A。为了便于介质更快、更多地接触到记忆弹簧201，图8中的套筒部402底部在远离第一入口103的位置(图8中底部的上方)还设有贯通底部的导入口402a，作为引流流道，导入口402a连通阀腔10a和套筒部402的内腔。导入口402a可以是一个或以上的数量。
值得注意的是，第三实施例中，阀芯40主体部401的左端设有端部凸台401a，在初始状态，即出厂时，将记忆弹簧201的一端环绕在该端部凸台401a位置，抵触在端部凸台401a和主体部401形成的台阶面上，为记忆弹簧201端部的初始位置，此时如图8所示，第一阀口B未完全开启，具有预设开度，而第二阀口A也具有初始的预设开度，使得该调温阀在初始状态具有第二阀口A常开的特性，从而便于在初始状态向变速器充注润滑油的同时，也可以向冷却器内注入润滑油，满足初始充注的需求。即，两个阀口均开启。
之后，当润滑油温度升高至特定值后，记忆弹簧201变形，会有一定的膨胀，从而脱离端部凸台401a，环绕到外径更大的主体部401，记忆弹簧201此后切换到正常工作状态，将会始终环绕在主体部401，如图9所示，并变形而抵接到套筒部402的底部位置，该位置为工作位置，此时，第一阀口B在记忆弹簧201的弹性力作用下继续关闭。文中所述的记忆弹簧201端部的初始位置和工作位置，均指代端部与阀体10(阀体10阀腔腔壁或端盖30)或阀芯40的相对位置，不随阀芯40移动而变化。
当温度低于特定值时，记忆弹簧201失去特性，在复位弹簧202的复位力作用下，阀芯40移动并压缩记忆弹簧201。由于套筒部402底部和端盖30的距离大于主体部401凸台和端盖30的距离，当记忆弹簧201从主体部401凸台脱离而环绕到主体部401之后，阀芯40在复位弹簧202的作用下会进一步靠近端盖30，则套筒部402会封堵住第二阀口A，消除初始的预设开度，如图10所示。
可知，该实施例提供一种设置方式，即在阀芯40上设置二级台阶(一级台阶面即端部凸台401a和主体部401之间的台阶面，二级台阶面即套筒 部的402底部)，一级、二级台阶面分别形成初始位置和工作位置。记忆弹簧201位于初始位置时，第一阀口B具有预设开度，并且记忆弹簧201位于初始位置时阀芯40与第一阀口B之间的距离，小于记忆弹簧201位于工作位置且温度处于特定值之下时所述阀芯40与第一阀口B之间的距离。
在阀芯40位置一定的情况下，初始位置与端盖40的距离小于工作位置与端盖40的距离，这样记忆弹簧201处于任意温度环境下(不受特定值影响)，第一阀口B都保持在关闭状态，而第二阀口A则具有预设开度(如不设置第二阀口A，则介质则可直接流向第一出口104)。处于工作位置后，端盖30和阀芯40工作位置之间的距离更长，这样复位弹簧202能够带动阀芯40压缩记忆弹簧202更多距离，从而打开第一阀口B，第二阀口A可以关闭。
可以理解，初始位置、工作位置的设定，是调节阀芯40和端盖30或阀体10之间的距离，以使记忆弹簧201两端部之间的距离在两种工作位置下可压缩的程度不同，进而实现第一阀口B关闭或打开。因此，初始位置、工作位置也可以设定与阀芯40或者阀体10，同样可以通过二级台阶的方式实现，并且阀芯40和阀体10二者都可以设置初始、工作位置，或阀芯40和端盖30二者都可以设置初始、工作位置，这样记忆弹簧201的两端部均能够抵接于初始位置或工作位置。
上述实施例中，第一出口101、第二入口102、第二出口104、第一入口103均设于所述阀体10的侧壁，第一阀口B设于阀腔10a的端部腔壁，第二阀口A设于阀腔10a的侧面腔壁。其中，第二出口104和第二入口102相对，二者之间形成直线通道10b(下述其他实施例也形成直线通道10b)，第一阀口B连通至直线通道10b，上述实施例具体是通过阶梯孔的小孔10c连通至直线通道10b。如此设置，第一入口103和第二入口102，二者可共用一段流向第二出口104的通路，从而精简结构，便于加工。当然，也可以采取其他设置方式。
调温阀入口、出口、阀口的设置也可以有其他方式。
请参考图12-15，图12为本发明所提供调温阀第四实施例的结构剖视图，处于初始状态，第一阀口B具有预设开度，第二阀口A具有预设开度； 图13为图12中温度升高至特定值后，记忆弹簧201变形后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口B关闭，第二阀口A开启；图14为图13中温度降低至特定值之下，记忆弹簧201失去特性后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口B开启，第二阀口A关闭；图15为图12中端盖30的结构示意图。
该实施例中，端盖30实际上不仅仅封盖阀体10的端口位置，而且成为一种转接座结构，作为连通外部的接口，在本实施例，具体可连通冷却器。该转接座设有贯通其内外的通道，该通道形成出口通道10d，出口通道10d的内端口即所述第二阀口A，外端口即第一出口101。此时，第二阀口A和第一阀口B沿阀腔10a的轴向分布，如此，阀芯40在移动过程中，其一端可为第一密封部，以封堵第一阀口B，另一端为第二密封部，封堵第二阀口A。如此设置，阀芯40对于第一阀口B和第二阀口A的封堵，操作上较为便捷，阀芯40更易于加工。该实施例中，除了端盖30为转接座结构而形成调温阀的第一出口101之外，第二出口104、第二入口102和第一入口103，也均是在阀体10上外接接头50形成，而如上第一至第三实施例中，与外界连接的出口、入口直接在阀体10上形成接头状结构，这两种方案均可行于本方案所有实施例。
另外，在第四实施例中，同样进行了初始的预设开度的设置。可参考图15理解，转接座朝向阀芯40的内端设有两级台阶，一级台阶外径小于二级台阶外径，分别形成朝向阀芯40的一级台阶面301和二级台阶面302，一、二级台阶面分别为初始位置、工作位置。则阀芯40与初始位置的距离小于阀芯40与工作位置的距离。这样，在出厂的初始状态，记忆弹簧201的左端环绕在阀芯40的一级台阶处，抵触在一级台阶面301，此时，第一阀口B关闭，第二阀口A具有初始的预设开度，如图12所示，使得该调温阀在初始状态具有第二阀口A常开的特性，从而便于在初始状态向变速器充注润滑油的同时，也可以向冷却器内注入润滑油，满足初始充注的需求。当然，在不设置第二阀口A时，记忆弹簧201抵接在初始位置，第一阀口B关闭，润滑油可以直流流向第一出口101而注入冷却器。
之后，当润滑油温度升高至特定值后，记忆弹簧201变形，会有一定的膨胀，从而脱离一级台阶，环绕到二级台阶，记忆弹簧201此后切换到 正常工作位置，将会始终环绕在二级台阶，如图13所示，记忆弹簧201同时还变形抵触在二级台阶面302，此时，第一阀口B在记忆弹簧201的弹性力作用下继续关闭。
当温度低于特定值时，记忆弹簧201失去特性，在复位弹簧202的复位力作用下，阀芯40移动并压缩记忆弹簧201。由于二级台阶面302和阀芯40的距离，大于一级台阶面301和阀芯40的距离，当记忆弹簧201从一级台阶脱离而环绕到二级台阶后，阀芯40在复位弹簧202的作用下会进一步靠近端盖30，则阀芯40的左端部会封堵住第二阀口A，消除初始的预设开度，第一阀口B此时处于开启状态。
第四实施例中，阀芯40朝向第二阀口A的端部(图12中左端部，即第二密封部)的外周呈锥状，即具有与第二阀口A配合的锥面，以便于更好地封堵第二阀口A，且具有导向的作用，此时，为了便于与记忆弹簧201抵触，阀芯40的左端部还设有环周凸起，如图12所示，记忆弹簧201的右端抵触在环周凸起。阀芯40朝向第一阀口B的端部(图12中的右端部，即第一密封部)，具有凸台，可插入复位弹簧202内。复位弹簧202置放于小孔10c中。
阀芯40还可以是其他结构，如图16-17所示，图16为本发明所提供调温阀第五实施例的结构剖视图，处于初始状态，第一阀口B具有预设开度，第二阀口A具有预设开度；图17为图16中温度升高至特定值后，记忆弹簧201变形后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口B关闭，第二阀口A开启；图18为图17中温度降低至特定值之下，记忆弹簧201失去特性后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口B开启，第二阀口A关闭。
该实施例中，与第四实施例相同，区别仅在于阀芯40的结构，阀芯40为球形体，球形的阀芯40在进行第一阀口B、第二阀口A封堵时，能够起到更好的封堵效果。其余实施例中，也可以采用球形阀芯40，或者至少封堵的部分加工为球面。
第五实施例中，同样是在转接座结构的端盖30上设置两级台阶，使记忆弹簧201具有初始形态，形成初始的预设开度，便于冷却油向冷却器内注入。
关于阀芯40结构，还可以继续参考图19理解，图19为本发明所提供调温阀第六实施例的结构剖视图，第一阀口B关闭，第二阀口A开启；图20为图19中阀芯40的结构示意图。
该实施例中，与第四、五实施例相同，区别在于阀芯40结构包括相连接的球形部404和密封板405。球形部404用于封堵第二阀口A，密封板405用于封堵第一阀口B。密封板405朝向球形部404的一面设有凹孔405a，使得球形部404能够部分嵌入凹孔405a固定，从而便于实现二者的固定；密封板405的另一面设有凸起，以插入复位弹簧202中，起到定位、导向、便于复位弹簧202安装的作用。此时，球形部404无需同时满足两个阀口的封堵，记忆弹簧201处于端盖30和密封板405之间。
再请看图21，图21为本发明所提供调温阀第七实施例的结构剖视图，第一阀口B关闭，第二阀口A开启。
该实施例与第四至第六实施例相比，同样区别仅在于阀芯40的结构。阀芯40呈柱状，其两端面分别用于密封第一阀口B和第二阀口A，朝向第一阀口B的一面也设有凸起，以插入复位弹簧202中，起到定位、导向、便于复位弹簧202安装的作用。
请继续参考图22-25，图22为本发明所提供调温阀第八实施例的结构剖视图，第一阀口B开启，第二阀口A关闭；图23为图22中记忆弹簧201升温变形后的调温阀示意图，第一阀口B关闭，第二阀口A开启；图24是图22中端盖30和阀芯40、复位弹簧202、记忆弹簧201安装后的示意图；图25为图24的立体示意图。
与第四至七实施例相比，该实施例中第二阀口A同样也是开设在端盖30(端盖并未采用转接座结构)，但第一出口101仍设于阀体10的侧壁。此时，在端盖30、阀体10上开设连通第一出口101、第二阀口A的出口通道10d，出口通道10d实际上相当于“L”形，如图22所示。与实施例四至七的第二阀口A位置类似，使得阀芯40移动而进行的封堵更加便捷。
另外，该实施例中，端盖30设有插孔，调温阀另设一阀杆60，阀杆60的一端可沿轴向插入插孔内固定，另一端伸出端盖30，阀杆60伸出端盖30的另一端可插入阀芯40内，与阀芯40滑动配合。这样，阀芯40在 移动过程中，可沿阀杆60移动，从而起到良好的定位、导向作用。
如图24、25所示，端盖30外周形成环形通道，便于介质流向第一出口101。图24中，端盖30的左端部用于封堵阀腔10a的左端端口，右端部形成所述第二阀口A，二者之间还具有连接体，阀杆60从第二阀口A插入连接体并进入左端部。端盖30的左端部、右端部、连接体一体形成，结构可靠，实现阀杆60、记忆弹簧201的可靠安装，可以装配完成后再装入阀腔10a内。当然端盖30的左端部、右端部、连接体也可以分体连接在一起。
显然，阀杆60也适用于其他实施例，对于第一出口101设于转接座结构的端盖30的实施例而言，如图19所示，阀杆可以插入端盖30的通道，阀杆的端部可通过连接件固定于通道的侧壁。
需要说明的是，第八实施例中的阀杆60与端盖30固定，可以理解，阀杆60也可以固定于阀芯40，而与端盖30滑动配合，相较而言，阀杆60固定于端盖30使得阀芯40运行更为平稳、可靠。
这里的阀芯40可设置贯通孔，便于沿阀杆60滑动。另外，在阀芯40的右端外周壁设有密封片40’，密封片40’作为第一密封部，用于封堵第一阀口B。为了安装复位弹簧202，在阀芯40右端的外周壁还设于环形凹槽，复位弹簧202的一端嵌入在环形凹槽内，另一端抵靠于小孔10c的台阶处，当然，也可以直接抵靠到直线通道10b的内壁或阀腔10a的端部腔壁，如上实施例已有表述，不赘述。
关于密封片40’，也可以与阀芯40加工为一体式结构，如图26所示，图26为本发明所提供调温阀第九实施例的结构剖视图，第一阀口B关闭，第二阀口A开启。密封片40’与阀芯40一体加工时，具有更为可靠的强度，复位弹簧202可以直接抵靠在密封片40’上，图25中所示的复位弹簧202预压缩于小孔10c的台阶和密封片40’上。本发明各实施例对阀芯40作出多种变形设计，各实施例中的阀芯40结构可以替换使用。
值得注意的是，针对各实施例，当第一入口103设于阀体10侧壁时，为了提高阀芯40移动的可靠性，可以将阀芯40设计为，至少一部分与阀腔40的内壁滑动配合，这样可防止流体流入时与阀芯40或者记忆弹簧201 产生冲击。
请继续参考图27-29，图27为本发明所提供调温阀第十实施例的结构剖视图，第一阀口B开启，第二阀口A关闭；图28为图27中阀芯40右移后的示意图，第二阀口A开启、第一阀口B关闭；图29为图27中阀芯40的示意图。
该实施例中，阀芯40沿阀腔10a轴向移动，并且部分与阀腔10a的内壁滑动配合。其中，第一阀口B位于阀腔10a的端部腔壁，即轴向腔壁，第二阀口A位于阀腔10a的侧面腔壁，即径向腔壁。本方案中第一入口103和第二阀口A相对，具体地，连接第一入口103和阀腔10a的进口通道10e，与第二阀口A、出口通道10d位置相对。这样，第一入口103和第一出口101之间的通路为直线通路，如图28所示，当第二阀口A开启时，介质可经由该直线通路流出，响应更加快速。
此实施例阀芯40结构与实施例三类似、阀芯40包括套筒部402，作为封堵第二阀口A的第二密封部。记忆弹簧201设于套筒部402内，位于阀芯40和端盖30之间。当然，采用其他阀芯40结构，或者利用记忆弹簧201封堵第二阀口A也是可行的。
另外，第十实施例中，套筒部402开口端的边缘设有缺口402c，作为导入介质进入套筒部402内的引流流道。如图27所示，当套筒部402封堵第二阀口A时，介质可经该缺口402c位置进入到套筒部402内，从而使得记忆弹簧201能够及时地接触到升温后的介质，及时产生变形。可以理解，引流流道不限于图中所示的缺口402c，比如，也可以在套筒部402的侧壁、底部开孔。
需要说明的是，该实施例的出口通道10d和进口通道10e相对设置，当套筒部402滑动配合阀腔10a内壁时，为了避免也封堵介质与第一阀口B之间的通路，图27中，套筒部402与第二阀口A对应的部分外壁与阀腔10a内壁滑动配合，而套筒部402与进口通道10e、第一入口103对应的部分外壁与阀腔10a内壁之间具有空隙，以保证介质可流向第一阀口B。即第二密封部只需要密封第二阀口A，朝向进口通道10e的部分，与阀腔10a内壁需要设有间隙。如图27所示，阀腔10a的中心轴线和阀芯40的 中心轴线偏移，阀腔10a相对进口通道10e的部分内凹，当然可以理解，阀腔10a也可以不内凹，阀芯40相对轴线设置为偏心结构也可以。此种阀芯40部分与阀腔10a内壁滑动配合的方式，既满足稳定性防冲击，又便于流体的流通。
此外，该实施例中调温阀的阀体10内形成二级阶梯孔，最大孔为所述阀腔10a，中间孔和最大孔相接处形成第一阀口B。如此设置，阀芯40移动封堵第一阀口B的行程得以缩短，当然，仍然如上述实施例设置包括大孔、小孔的阶梯孔也可适用。
该实施例的第二入口102和第二出口104也相对，在二者之间形成直线通道10b，复位弹簧202贯穿最小孔，压缩于阀芯40和直线通道10b的内壁之间，内壁可以设置供复位弹簧202端部嵌入的凹槽，显然压缩于阀腔10a端壁，或在最小孔设置台阶，压缩于台阶和阀芯40均可。
需要说明的是，以上实施例中，形成的阀腔10a为一端具有端口的腔体，端口处设有端盖30，记忆弹簧201设于端盖30和阀芯40之间。这种方式便于在阀体10上机加工形成阀腔10a，但可以理解，阀腔10a结构并不限于此。例如，采用诸如铸造工艺时，阀腔10a两端也可以没有端口，不设置端盖，则记忆弹簧201以及复位弹簧202(第一实施例)可以设于阀腔10a腔壁和阀芯40之间。
从预设开度的实施例可以看出，设置二级台阶的目的，是利用记忆弹簧201的特性，在升温膨胀变形后能够从初始位置切换到工作位置，并保持在工作位置。因此，也不限于设置二级台阶，比如，在阀芯40的端部设置环形凹槽，记忆弹簧201的端部环绕在环形凹槽内，升温后，从环形凹槽内脱离，抵触到其他位置，作为工作位置，也能够实现设定初始预设开度的目的。
上述实施例中，调温阀控制阀芯40移动的控制元件为记忆弹簧201，相较于弹簧环绕热动元件的方案，记忆弹簧201的响应时间会更快，可以及时开启第二阀口A以使介质切换至另一流动路径。具体应用至冷却器和变速器时，可以提升变速器的性能，防止变速器损坏。
与此同时，该调温阀不需要额外设置热动元件，结构简单，安装方便， 使得整个调温阀重量较轻，体积也较小。
需要说明的是，上述实施例均以阀体10设置第一阀口B、第二阀口A为例进行说明，可以理解，不设置第二阀口A也是可以的，即不设置能够启闭的第二阀口A，但第一出口101和阀腔10a之间的通路导通。以应用于变速箱、冷却器为例，当第一阀口B关闭时，介质(比如润滑油)可以直接流向冷却器；当第一阀口B开启时，即便没有第二阀口A，只有连通第一出口101的出口通道，由于冷却器连通第一出口101，第一出口101流路的流阻会大于经第一阀口B直接流向第二出口104流路的流阻，因此，介质多数会经第一阀口B流向第二出口104。当然，设置第二阀口A，与第一阀口B进行启闭状态切换，可以更为明确地分配介质在不同需求下的流动路径，减少系统内漏。
另外，当不设置第二阀口A时，在提到的初始位置、工作位置实施例中，可设计使得记忆弹簧201处于初始位置时，第一阀口B在关闭，这样，润滑油可直接从第一出口101流入冷却器以起到初始状态下充注润滑油的作用。同时，应设置第二入口102，则第一阀口B也会与第二入口102连通，以使从第二入口102流入的润滑油还能够充注第一阀口B和变速器之间的通路，完成整个系统的注油过程。
设置第二阀口A时，第一阀口B可以如上实施例所述的具有预设开度，也可以关闭，在关闭时，同样，调温阀的阀体10中优选设置和第二出口104连通的第二入口102，以使从第二入口102流入的润滑油还能够充注第一阀口B和变速器之间的通路。当然，初始位置第一阀口B具有预设开度时，第一阀口B和变速器之前的通路可以得到充注，此时阀体10并不限定设置第二入口102，冷却器的出口也可以通过其他通路连接到变速器。
无论是否设置第二阀口A，在便于冷却器进行初始状态的充注时，都设定为：记忆弹簧201位于初始位置时阀芯40与第一阀口B之间的距离，小于记忆弹簧201位于工作位置且温度处于特定值之下时所述阀芯40与第一阀口B之间的距离。这样，使得记忆弹簧201处于特定值温度以下时，长度不同，从而实现第一阀口B和/或第二阀口A在初始、工作位置具有不同的开度调整。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种调温阀，包括端盖、阀体和位于所述阀体的阀腔内的阀芯，调温阀具有第一出口、第二出口、与所述阀腔连通的第一入口，所述阀体内还设有可连通所述阀腔和所述第二出口的第一阀口，所述阀芯移动时，所述阀芯可打开或者关闭所述第一阀口；其特征在于，
    所述阀腔内还设有复位弹簧和记忆弹簧，所述记忆弹簧由记忆合金制成；所述复位弹簧，提供使所述阀芯开启所述第一阀口的复位力；所述记忆弹簧的一端与阀芯的一端相接触，所述记忆弹簧的另一端与所述端盖相接触，所述记忆弹簧在温度升高至特定值时产生弹力以驱动所述阀芯克服所述复位力移动，关闭所述第一阀口；
    所述第一入口设于所述阀体的侧壁。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的调温阀，其特征在于，所述调温阀还设置有第二阀口，所述第二阀口设置于所述阀腔的侧面腔壁；所述阀芯包括可封堵所述第一阀口的第一密封部、可封堵所述第二阀口的第二密封部；所述阀芯设有套筒部，所述记忆弹簧一端自所述套筒部的开口端伸入所述套筒部内；所述套筒部的至少一部分与所述阀腔的内壁滑动配合；
    所述套筒部的一部分形成所述第二密封部，所述套筒部外壁对应于所述第二阀口的部分能够封堵所述第二阀口。
  3. 如权利要求1或者2所述的调温阀，其特征在于，所述阀芯或所述端盖设置有初始位置和工作位置，所述记忆弹簧至少一端部位于所述端盖或所述阀芯的初始位置，在所述记忆弹簧位于初始位置时，所述第一阀口处于关闭状态，所述第二阀口处于打开状态，所述第二阀口具有预设开度；所述记忆弹簧升温至特定值变形后，所述记忆弹簧的端部能够脱离所述初始位置至所述工作位置并保持至所述工作位置；
    在所述工作位置，所述记忆弹簧在温度升高至特定值时产生弹力以驱动所述阀芯克服所述复位力移动，关闭所述第第一阀口；所述记忆弹簧降温至所述特定值以下后，所述记忆弹簧失去弹力特性，所述复位弹簧带动所述阀芯开启所述第一阀口。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的调温阀，其特征在于，所述阀芯包括主体部， 所述主体部的一端伸入所述套筒部，并设有端部凸台，所述阀芯设有两级台阶，包括一级台阶和外径大于所述一级台阶的二级台阶，所述端部凸台形成所述一级台阶，所述套筒部的底部形成所述二级台阶面，所述一级台阶面的位置为所述初始位置，所述二级台阶面的位置为所述工作位置，所述初始位置与第一阀口之间的距离大于所述工作位置阀芯与第一阀口之间的距离。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的调温阀，其特征在于，所述端盖设有两级台阶，包括一级台阶和外径大于所述一级台阶的二级台阶，所述一级台阶面的位置为所述初始位置，所述二级台阶面的位置为所述工作位置，所述初始位置与第一阀口之间的距离，小于所述工作位置与第一阀口之间的距离。
  6. 如权利要求2至5任一项所述的调温阀，其特征在于，所述套筒部朝向所述第一入口的部分与所述阀腔的内壁之间具有空隙，且所述套筒部外壁与所述阀腔的内壁之间设有导通所述阀腔和所述套筒部内腔的引流流道。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的调温阀，其特征在于，所述套筒部的开口端的边缘设有若干缺口，所述缺口形成所述引流流道。
  8. 如权利要求2至5任一项所述的调温阀，其特征在于，所述套筒部的底部设置有导入口，所述导入口为导通所述阀腔和所述套筒部内腔的引流流道。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的调温阀，其特征在于，还设有连通所述第二出口的第二入口，所述第一出口、所述第二入口、所述第二出口、所述第一入口均设于所述阀体的侧壁；所述第二出口和所述第二入口相对，二者之间形成直线通道，所述第一阀口连通所述直线通道。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的调温阀，其特征在于，还设有连通所述第二出口的第二入口，所述第一出口和所述第二入口分别连接冷却器入口和冷却器出口；所述第一入口和所述第二出口分别连接变速器出口和变速器入口。
  11. 如权利要求7至10所述的调温阀，其特征在于，所述阀体内形成阶梯孔，所述阶梯孔的大孔为所述阀腔，所述阶梯孔的大孔和小孔相接处 形成所述第一阀口；所述第一密封部连接有导向杆，所述导向杆插入所述小孔且所述导向杆与所述小孔的内壁滑动配合，以导向所述阀芯的移动。
  12. 一种调温阀，包括端盖、阀体和位于所述阀体阀腔内的阀芯，调温阀具有第一出口、第二出口、与所述第二出口连通的第二入口，与所述阀腔连通的第一入口，所述阀体内还开设可连通所述阀腔和所述第二出口的第一阀口，所述阀芯移动时，可打开或关闭所述第一阀口；其特征在于，
    所述阀腔内还设有复位弹簧和记忆弹簧，所述记忆弹簧由记忆合金制成；所述复位弹簧，提供使所述阀芯开启所述第一阀口的复位力；
    其中，所述阀体或所述阀芯或所述端盖中至少一者设置有初始位置和工作位置，所述记忆弹簧至少一端部位于所述阀体或所述阀芯或所述端盖的初始位置；所述记忆弹簧升温至特定值时变形后所述端部能够脱离所述初始位置而保持于所述工作位置；
    所述记忆弹簧位于初始位置时，所述第一阀口关闭，并且记忆弹簧位于初始位置时阀芯与第一阀口之间的距离，小于记忆弹簧位于工作位置且温度处于特定值之下时所述阀芯与第一阀口之间的距离；
    在所述工作位置，所述记忆弹簧在温度升高至特定值时产生弹力以驱动所述阀芯克服所述复位力移动，关闭所述第第一阀口；所述记忆弹簧降温至所述特定值以下后，所述记忆弹簧失去弹力特性，所述复位弹簧带动所述第一阀口打开。
PCT/CN2018/115136 2017-11-13 2018-11-13 调温阀 Ceased WO2019091481A1 (zh)

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