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WO2019082479A1 - Procédé d'assemblage et procédé de fabrication d'un produit laminé composite - Google Patents

Procédé d'assemblage et procédé de fabrication d'un produit laminé composite

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Publication number
WO2019082479A1
WO2019082479A1 PCT/JP2018/030425 JP2018030425W WO2019082479A1 WO 2019082479 A1 WO2019082479 A1 WO 2019082479A1 JP 2018030425 W JP2018030425 W JP 2018030425W WO 2019082479 A1 WO2019082479 A1 WO 2019082479A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metal member
rotary tool
stirring pin
joining
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2018/030425
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
堀　久司
知広 河本
栄一郎 中島
勇人 佐藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
Priority to CN201880035517.0A priority Critical patent/CN110691668A/zh
Publication of WO2019082479A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019082479A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bonding method and a method of manufacturing a composite rolled material.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a technology in which metal members of different materials are friction-stirred with a rotating tool.
  • the end surfaces of the metal members are obliquely cut. Therefore, the butt parts formed by abutting the end faces are also oblique.
  • the rotary tool is inserted into the first metal member having a melting point lower than that of the second metal member, and friction stirring is performed along the abutment portion.
  • the bonding step since the inclination angle of the butting portion and the taper angle of the stirring pin are the same, it is avoided that the first metal member and the second metal member of different materials are mixed in the bonding step. be able to.
  • the present invention is a joining method of joining a pair of metal members of different materials using a rotary tool provided with a tapered stirring pin, which comprises a first metal member provided with an end face Providing a second metal member having an end surface and having a melting point higher than that of the first metal member, and forming a butt portion by abutting the end surfaces of the first metal member and the second metal member And inserting the stirring pin of the rotating tool to be rotated from only the surface of the first metal member, and inclining the rotation center axis of the rotating tool toward the first metal member with respect to the butting portion Bonding the first metal member and the second metal member by relatively moving the rotary tool along the abutment portion with only the stirring pin in contact with at least the first metal member; Characterized in that it comprises a.
  • the present invention is a method for producing a composite rolled material formed of a pair of metal members different in material, comprising: a first metal member provided with an end face; and an end face, which has a melting point than the first metal member.
  • the stirring pin of the rotating tool to be rotated is inserted from only the surface of the first metal member, and the stirring is performed while the central axis of rotation of the rotating tool is inclined toward the first metal member with respect to the abutment portion.
  • the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, by inclining the rotation center axis of the rotating tool toward the first metal member, the contact between the rotating tool and the second metal member can be avoided, and the first metal member of a different material is used in the bonding step. It can prevent that a 2nd metal member is mixed. In addition, since the shoulder portion of the rotary tool is not brought into contact with the first metal member and the second metal member, the amount of heat input to the first metal member and the second metal member can be suppressed.
  • the joining condition can be adjusted according to the first metal member having a low softening temperature, and the heat input can be suppressed. Therefore, it can suppress that a 1st metal member softens largely and a burr
  • the shoulder portion of the rotary tool is not in contact with the first metal member and the second metal member, the frictional resistance can be reduced, and the load on the rotary tool or the friction stir device can be reduced. Furthermore, since the shoulder portion of the rotating tool is not in contact with the first metal member and the second metal member, it is possible to prevent the rotating tool from becoming hot. This facilitates material selection of the rotating tool and can prolong the life of the rotating tool.
  • the rotation center axis is an angle ⁇ toward the first metal member with respect to the butt joint in the bonding step. It is preferable to make it incline.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin and the butting portion can be made as close as possible without contacting each other.
  • the first metal member is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy
  • the second metal member is formed of copper or a copper alloy
  • the stirring pin of the rotating tool that rotates is the first metal member.
  • the insert is made only from the surface of the above, and while the central axis of rotation of the rotary tool is inclined toward the first metal member, only the stirring pin is in contact with only the first metal member, It is preferable to move the rotating tool relative to one another.
  • the metal member made of copper or copper alloy and the metal member made of aluminum or aluminum alloy can be suitably bonded.
  • the stirring pin of the rotating tool has a flat surface perpendicular to the central axis of rotation at the tip, and the thickness of the first metal member is made larger than the thickness of the second metal member. It is preferable that the first metal member be placed on the lower surface across the step portion and the second metal member be placed on the higher surface across the step portion on the pedestal provided with the step portion.
  • the bonding strength can be enhanced.
  • the butting step it is preferable to set so that the surface of the first metal member and the surface of the second metal member are flush with each other.
  • the rotary tool can be easily inserted.
  • the surface of the first metal member is preferably set to be higher than the surface of the second metal member.
  • the bonding method it is possible to prevent the generation of the concave groove-like defect of the first metal member at a height position lower than the surface of the second metal member.
  • the joining of the rotating tool is performed such that the second metal member side is the shear side and the first metal member side is the flow side in the plasticizing region in which the movement trajectory of the rotating tool is formed. It is preferable to set the conditions.
  • the second metal member having a high melting point in the plasticized region is on the flow side, the temperature of the first metal member at the butt joint is lowered, and the mutual diffusion at the interface between different metals is not promoted.
  • the temperature of the first metal member at the butting portion can be kept relatively high, which is different. Interdiffusion at the metal-metal interface is promoted, and bonding failure can be prevented.
  • the shear side is the side where the relative velocity of the outer periphery of the rotary tool with respect to the joint is a value obtained by adding the magnitude of the moving velocity to the magnitude of the tangential velocity at the outer periphery of the rotary tool.
  • the flow side is the side where the relative velocity of the outer periphery of the rotary tool with respect to the joint is a value obtained by subtracting the magnitude of the movement velocity from the magnitude of the tangential velocity at the outer periphery of the rotary tool.
  • the rotary tool When a counterclockwise spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool from the proximal end toward the tip, the rotary tool is rotated to the right, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool is right as it goes from the base to the distal end Preferably, the rotary tool is turned to the left when the spiral groove is inscribed.
  • the plastically fluidized metal is guided to the spiral groove and flows to the tip side of the rotating tool, so that the generation of burrs can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II of FIG.
  • the first metal member 1 has a plate shape.
  • the first metal member 1 includes a front surface 1b, a back surface 1c, and an end surface 1a perpendicular to the front surface 1b and the back surface 1c.
  • the first metal member 1 is formed of an aluminum alloy in the present embodiment, but may be formed of a friction stirtable metal material such as aluminum, copper, a copper alloy, titanium, a titanium alloy, magnesium, or a magnesium alloy.
  • the second metal member 2 has a plate shape.
  • the second metal member 2 includes a front surface 2b, a back surface 2c, and an end surface 2a perpendicular to the front surface 2b and the back surface 2c.
  • the second metal member 2 has a melting point higher than that of the first metal member 1 and is formed of a material that can be frictionally stirred.
  • the second metal member 2 is formed of copper (Cu 1020) in the present embodiment.
  • Cu 1020 copper
  • a metal member having a high softening temperature is a metal member having a high melting point As a metal member with a low softening temperature, it shall be handled as a metal member with a low melting point.
  • the manufacturing method of the composite rolling material which concerns on this embodiment performs a preparatory process, a butt
  • the preparation step is a step of preparing the first metal member 1, the second metal member 2 and the rotating tool F.
  • a preparation step, a butt step, and a bonding step are performed.
  • the rotation tool F is comprised by the connection part F1 and the stirring pin F2, as shown in FIG.2 and FIG.3.
  • the rotating tool F is formed of, for example, a tool steel.
  • the connection part F1 is a part connected with the rotating shaft (illustration omitted) of a friction stirring apparatus.
  • the connecting portion F1 has a cylindrical shape, and a screw hole (not shown) in which a bolt is fastened is formed.
  • the stirring pin F2 is suspended from the connecting portion F1 and is coaxial with the connecting portion F1.
  • the stirring pin F2 is tapered as it separates from the connecting portion F1.
  • the taper angle ⁇ between the rotation center axis C and the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2 is set to about 20 ° in the present embodiment.
  • the taper angle ⁇ is appropriately set in the range of 10 to 30 °. If the taper angle ⁇ is less than 10 °, burrs may be discharged from the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2 at the time of bonding, which may cause a bonding defect, which is not preferable. If the taper angle ⁇ exceeds 30 °, it becomes difficult to incline the rotary tool F.
  • a flat surface F3 perpendicular to the central axis of rotation C is formed at the tip of the stirring pin F2.
  • a spiral groove is engraved on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2.
  • the spiral groove in order to rotate the rotation tool F to the right, is formed in the counterclockwise direction from the proximal end toward the distal end.
  • the spiral groove is formed counterclockwise as viewed from above when the spiral is traced from the proximal end to the distal end.
  • the spiral groove in this case is formed clockwise as viewed from above when the spiral groove is traced from the proximal end to the distal end.
  • the rotary tool F is preferably attached to a robot arm provided at its tip with a rotary drive means such as a spindle unit. Thereby, the rotation center axis C of the rotating tool F can be easily inclined.
  • the butting step is a step of butting the end portions of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 as shown in FIG.
  • the end surface 1a of the first metal member 1 and the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 are surface-contacted to form a butt portion J1.
  • the front surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and the front surface 2b of the second metal member 2 are made flush
  • the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 and the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2 are made flush.
  • each member is restrained immovably by a clamp (not shown) provided on the mount.
  • the vertical surface and the butting portion J1 are arranged in parallel.
  • the bonding step is a step of bonding the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 using the rotary tool F.
  • the stirring pin F2 of the rotary tool F is rotated to the start position Sp set on the surface 1 b of the first metal member 1 and near the butting portion J1 while rotating the stirring pin F2 right. Insert the tool F. Then, the rotation tool F is relatively moved in parallel with the extension direction of the butt portion J1. A plasticized region W is formed on the movement trajectory of the rotary tool F.
  • friction stirring is performed in a state in which the rotation center axis C is inclined toward the first metal member 1 with respect to the abutment portion J1.
  • the rotation center axis C is a first metal member against the butting portion J1.
  • Frictional stirring is performed in a state of being inclined at 20 ° to one side.
  • only the stirring pin F2 which rotated to the to-be-joined metal member is inserted, and the to-be-joined metal member and the connection part F1 are made to move apart. In other words, friction stirring is performed in a state where the base end of the stirring pin F2 is exposed.
  • the second metal member 2 side (the side closer to the second metal member 2) in the plasticized region W is a shear side
  • the first metal member 1 side (the side separated from the second metal member 2) is The bonding conditions of the rotary tool F are set to be on the flow side. That is, in the bonding step according to the present embodiment, the first metal member 1 is disposed on the right side in the traveling direction, and the rotation tool F is rotated to the right. In addition, when arrange
  • the insertion depth of the stirring pin F2 may be set appropriately, but in the present embodiment, the depth to which the flat surface F3 reaches about 90% of the thickness of the first metal member 1 is set. ing. Further, in the bonding step of the present embodiment, the rotation tool F does not contact the second metal member 2, and the start position Sp is such that the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are diffusion bonded by friction stirring. The position of is set.
  • the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 do not mutually diffuse at the butt portion J1, and the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 1 The second metal member 2 can not be joined firmly.
  • the welding conditions are adjusted to soften the second metal member 2. Needs to be large, and there is a defect in bonding. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 are slightly in contact with each other so that the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 mutually diffuse and join at the butt portion J1. It is preferable to join or to join in the state which closely approached without making the outer peripheral surface of rotation tool F, and the 2nd metal member 2 contact, as much as possible.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 in the bonding step It is preferable to join in the state brought close as much as possible without contacting (copper member).
  • the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F is brought into contact with the second metal member 2 (copper member) under joining conditions where the amount of heat input becomes large, a small amount of copper member is stirred into the aluminum alloy member, The mutual diffusion of Al / Cu is promoted, the Al-Cu phase dispersed in the aluminum alloy member becomes a liquid phase, and a large amount of burrs are generated from the aluminum alloy member side, resulting in a bonding failure.
  • a burr V is formed on the upper surface of the plasticized region W, and a recessed groove Q is formed along the abutting portion J1.
  • the plasticized area W and the second metal member 2 are adjacent to each other. That is, the plasticized area W is not formed on the second metal member 2 side beyond the butt portion J1.
  • the recessed groove Q is a groove formed along the abutting portion J1 by the metal overflowing to the outside by friction stirring. After the bonding process is completed, it is preferable to perform a burr removal process for removing the burrs V.
  • the rolling step is a step of rolling the joined first metal member 1 and second metal member 2. As shown in FIG. 5, in the rolling process, cold rolling is performed using a rolling mill equipped with rollers R and R. In the rolling step, the bonding line (plasticizing region W) in the bonding step is set in the rolling direction and rolled. Composite rolling material 10 is formed of the above. The rolling reduction in the rolling process may be appropriately set according to the materials of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 and the use of the composite rolled material 10.
  • the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, by inclining the rotation center axis C of the rotating tool F toward the first metal member 1, it is possible to avoid the contact between the rotating tool F and the second metal member 2, and the material in the bonding step. It is possible to easily prevent the mixture of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 different from each other.
  • the inclination angle of the rotation center axis C of the rotary tool F in the bonding step may be set appropriately, but in the present embodiment, the taper angle ⁇ of the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2 and the rotation center axis C with respect to the butt joint portion J1 The inclination angle is the same.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the agitating pin F2 and the butting portion J1 are parallel to each other, the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 are not in contact with each other. Work becomes easy.
  • the shoulder portion of the rotary tool is not brought into contact with the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, the amount of heat input to the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 can be suppressed.
  • the rotary tool F is inserted so as to contact only the first metal member 1, the bonding conditions can be adjusted according to the first metal member 1 having a low softening temperature, and the heat input can be suppressed. it can. Therefore, it can suppress that the 1st metal member 1 softens largely, and it can suppress that the burr
  • the shoulder portion of the rotary tool F is not in contact with the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, the frictional resistance can be reduced, and the load applied to the rotary tool F or the friction stirring device can be reduced. Furthermore, since the shoulder portion of the rotary tool F is not in contact with the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, it is possible to prevent the rotary tool F from becoming hot. Thereby, the material selection of the rotating tool F is facilitated, and the life of the rotating tool F can be extended.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 ( It is preferable to join in a state where it does not contact with the copper member) and as close as possible. In this way, the mutual diffusion of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 is promoted and firmly joined at the butt portion J1 without excessive generation of the burrs V from the aluminum alloy member side.
  • the temperature of the first metal member 1 at the butt joint portion J1 is reduced, and mutual diffusion at the interface between different metals is not promoted. There is a risk of poor bonding. Therefore, if the bonding conditions are adjusted to increase the heat input, burrs are generated excessively from the side of the first metal member 1 on the shear side, resulting in bonding defects.
  • the temperature of the first metal member 1 at the butted portion J1 is compared by setting the second metal member 2 side having the high melting point in the plasticized region W to be the shear side. It is possible to keep the temperature as high as possible, to promote interdiffusion at the interface between different metals, and to prevent a junction failure.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F may be slightly in contact with the second metal member 2, but in the present embodiment, the first metal is set so as not to contact the rotary tool F with the second metal member 2. It can prevent that the member 1 and the 2nd metal member 2 are mixed and stirred, and it can prevent more reliably that the burr
  • the method of manufacturing a composite rolled material according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the plate thicknesses of the metal members are different.
  • a preparation step, a butt step, a joining step, and a rolling step are performed.
  • the rack K is a member that restrains the first metal member 1X and the second metal member 2 so as not to move.
  • the gantry K includes a first surface K1 on which the first metal member 1X is mounted, and a second surface K2 which is higher than the first surface K1 and on which the second metal member 2 is mounted.
  • a stepped portion is formed by the first surface K1 and the second surface K2.
  • the end surface 1a of the first metal member 1X and the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 are surfaces while the back surface 1c and the end surface 1a of the first metal member 1X are in contact with the first surface K1 and the step surface K3. Make contact.
  • the surface 1b of the first metal member 1X and the surface 2b of the second metal member 2 are flush with each other.
  • friction stirring is performed in substantially the same manner as in the first embodiment.
  • the insertion depth of the rotary tool F is set so that the flat surface F3 is at substantially the same height position as the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2.
  • the tip of the rotating tool F is provided with a flat surface F3 in order to be broken or broken due to material resistance.
  • the flat surface F3 since there is the flat surface F3, it becomes difficult to perform friction stirring over the entire length of the butt portion J1, and an unbonded portion is generated.
  • the first metal member 1X side is made thicker than the second metal member 2, and the flat surface F3 is made in the bonding step. It inserts to the height position of the back surface 2c of the 2nd metal member 2. As shown in FIG.
  • the method of manufacturing a composite rolled material according to the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the plate thicknesses of the metal members are different.
  • a preparation step, a butt step, a joining step, and a rolling step are performed.
  • the thickness of the first metal member 1Y is made larger than that of the second embodiment. That is, in the butt joint process of the third embodiment, the first metal member 1Y and the second metal member 2 are placed on the gantry K in the same manner as the butt joint process of the second embodiment. Further, the end face 1a of the first metal member 1Y and the end face 2a of the second metal member 2 are butted to form a butt portion J1. At that time, the thickness of the first metal member 1Y is set such that the surface 1b of the first metal member 1Y is at a higher position than the surface 2b of the second metal member 2.
  • board thickness is suitably set according to the magnitude
  • friction stirring is performed in the same manner as in the second embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the insertion depth of the rotary tool F is set so that the flat surface F3 of the rotary tool F is at substantially the same height position as the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2 to perform friction stirring. Do.
  • the concave groove Q tends to be generated on the surface 1 b of the first metal member 1.
  • the third embodiment shown in FIG. 9 since the height position of the surface 1b of the first metal member 1Y is higher than the surface 2b of the second metal member 2, the recessed groove Q is formed. Even if it does, it can prevent that the ditch
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a bonding process according to a modification.
  • a plurality of sets consisting of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are provided side by side and clamps provided on a gantry Restrain the movement impossible (not shown).
  • a first set of the first metal member 1A and the second metal member 2A, a second set of the first metal member 1B and the second metal member 2B, a first metal member 1C, and a A third set of two metal members 2C is juxtaposed.
  • the first set, the second set, and the third set of butting portions J1 are butted in parallel with each other.
  • first metal member 1A and the end face of the second metal member 2B are butted to form a butt portion J2. Further, the first metal member 1B and the second metal member 2C are butted to form a butt portion J3.
  • friction stirring is performed using the rotary tool F in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, and the respective abutting portions J1 are bonded. Further, in the bonding step, friction stirring is performed on the butt joint portion J2 and the butt joint portion J3 using the rotary tool F in the same manner as the embodiment described above.
  • the rotating tool F rotating right is inserted into the surface 1b of the first metal member 1A in the vicinity of the abutting portion J2, and the rotating tool F is inserted along the abutting portion J1.
  • the metal member 1A is moved from the back side to the front side.
  • the rotary tool F is inclined toward the first metal member 1A while setting the first metal member 1A to be positioned on the right side in the traveling direction.
  • the bonding conditions (rotational direction, movement direction, etc.) of the rotary tool F are set such that the second metal member 2B side in the plasticized region W is on the shear side. Also in the butt portion J3, friction stirring is performed in the same manner as in the butt portion J2. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, in the present modification, the plasticized region W is not formed in the second metal member 2 (2A, 2B, 2C), and the first metal member 1 (1A, 1B, 1C) The plasticized region W is formed only in
  • the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are formed of different materials, their hardness is also different.
  • the hardness of the aluminum alloy member is lower than that of the copper member, The first metal member 1 is largely deformed. Therefore, the composite rolled material obtained after rolling is curved in an arc shape in plan view such that the first metal member 1 is on the outside and the second metal member 2 is on the inside.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend: une étape de préparation pour préparer un premier élément métallique (1) pourvu d'une surface d'extrémité (1a), et un second élément métallique (2) pourvu d'une surface d'extrémité (2a) et ayant un point de fusion plus élevé que le premier élément métallique (1); une étape d'aboutement pour abouter les surfaces d'extrémité (1a, 2a) du premier élément métallique (1) et du second élément métallique (2) ensemble et former une partie aboutée (J1); et une étape d'assemblage pour insérer une broche d'agitation (F2) d'un outil rotatif tournant (F) depuis seulement une surface (1b) du premier élément métallique (1), déplacer l'outil rotatif (F) de manière relative le long de la partie aboutée (J1) dans un état dans lequel seule la broche d'agitation (F2) est mise en contact avec au moins le premier élément métallique (1) tout en inclinant l'axe central de rotation de l'outil rotatif (F) vers le premier élément métallique (1) par rapport à la partie aboutée (J1), et joindre le premier élément métallique (1) et le second élément métallique (2).
PCT/JP2018/030425 2017-10-27 2018-08-16 Procédé d'assemblage et procédé de fabrication d'un produit laminé composite Ceased WO2019082479A1 (fr)

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CN201880035517.0A CN110691668A (zh) 2017-10-27 2018-08-16 接合方法以及复合轧制材料的制造方法

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JP2017207762A JP6809436B2 (ja) 2017-10-27 2017-10-27 接合方法及び複合圧延材の製造方法
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