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WO2019077486A1 - Fibres de poaceae et produits de construction - Google Patents

Fibres de poaceae et produits de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019077486A1
WO2019077486A1 PCT/IB2018/058005 IB2018058005W WO2019077486A1 WO 2019077486 A1 WO2019077486 A1 WO 2019077486A1 IB 2018058005 W IB2018058005 W IB 2018058005W WO 2019077486 A1 WO2019077486 A1 WO 2019077486A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibres
weight
species
less
miscanthus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2018/058005
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English (en)
Inventor
Gino Sirejacob
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Profluid Ip BV
Original Assignee
Profluid Ip BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP17020522.3A external-priority patent/EP3473605A1/fr
Application filed by Profluid Ip BV filed Critical Profluid Ip BV
Priority to EP18812250.1A priority Critical patent/EP3697741B1/fr
Publication of WO2019077486A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019077486A1/fr
Priority to US16/849,661 priority patent/US11732404B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
    • C04B20/1051—Organo-metallic compounds; Organo-silicon compounds, e.g. bentone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
    • E01F8/0029—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement with porous surfaces, e.g. concrete with porous fillers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of fibres in building products, said fibres being selected from the group Angiosperm, order Poales, Family Poaceae. More specifically the fibres are selected from the families : Miscanthus, Pennisetum, Zea. Mixtures of fibres are also suitable.
  • WO 2016/146258 discloses a process for producing an heat insulating panel, using plant based material treated by a hydrophobizing agent, before being dried and mixed to an aqueous binder.
  • the plant material can be Miscanthus plant materials (without giving details thereof), while the hydrophobizing agent can be silane, siloxane, epoxy silane, aminosilane, silicate, potassium waterglass or sodium waterglass.
  • the binder can resin binders, such as PU binders, but can also be mineral binders (with lime and/or cement or plaster).
  • US7,357,833 relates to a cementitious material reinforced with chemically treated cellulose fibres.
  • Said cellulose fibres have to be treated with an aqueous polyvalent metal salt able to dissociate with the aqueous medium, such as Alun (aluminium sulfate).
  • Alun aluminium sulfate
  • the treatment is operated for ensuring a precipitation of aluminium hydroxide.
  • the so prepared fibres have an improved zero- span tensile (improved ZSSR).
  • the fibres used are softwood and hardwood fibres, prepared by any pulping process.
  • the fibres have thus to be first prepared so as to form a pulp, before being treated with Alun.
  • the fibres are thus not fresh plant fibres. According to tests, it appeared that the water/cement ratio was more important than all said treatment and additives for achieving good compression strengths and/or other mechanical properties and/or for having good ageing resistance. Shrinkage's were also observed with the hereabove disclosed treated and untreated Miscanthus fibres.
  • Miscanthus fibres and other fibres such as Pennisetum fibres (like Pennisetum purpureum fibres)
  • building products requires to achieve products with quite predictable properties, despite some property variation due to the culture thereof, the weather conditions, the harvest, the cutting of the plants, the storage conditions, the storage time before mixing with the binder, ageing, insects attacks, fungi growth, bacteria growth, etc.
  • Angiosperm group, Poales order, Poaceae family ( a group of well specific plants) comprises the following species :
  • Achnatherum hymenoides Aegilops squarrosa , Agropyron cristatum, Agropyron dasystachyum, Agropyron repens, Agropyron smithii, Agropyron subsecundum, Agropyron trichophorum, Agrostis alba , Agrostis gigantea, Agrostis palustris, Agrostis scabra, Agrostis stolonifera, Agrostis tenuis, Andropogon gerardii,
  • Andropogon scoparius Anthoxanthum odoratum, Aristida stricta, Arrhenatherum elatius , Arundinaria gigantea , Arundo donax, Avena sativa , Bouteloua curtipendula , Bouteloua gracilis, Bouteloua hirsuta, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Bromus inermis, Bromus pumpellianus, Bromus tectorum, Calamagrostis canadensis, Calamagrostis epigejos, Calamagrostis inexpansa,
  • Miscanthus like species In all said species, the following are preferred Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species.
  • Poaceae fibres means fibres of plant(s) belonging to the Angiosperm group, Poales order, Poaceae family, and can be for example fibres of one of the various species listed hereabove.
  • Poaceae plant means plants belonging to the Angiosperm group, Poales order, Poaceae family and can be for example a plant of one of the various species listed hereabove.
  • the treated Poaceae fibres especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species
  • a first object of the invention is Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) enabling to achieve a better predictable mechanical properties and/or improved mechanical properties and/or improved processability, even after a storage period of more than 6 months in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of 50%.
  • the fibres of the invention are storage stable, resistant to insects and to fungi / bacteria growth.
  • the Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) of the invention are chemically modified unpyrolyzed Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) having a length of less than 200mm, such as comprised between 2 and 100mm, especially such as from 2 to 10mm, said fibres having a water content of less than 40% by weight, and being treated with a treating aqueous dispersion comprising less than 1% by weight of surface treating mixture comprising at least a a hydroxy (OH) terminated polydimethylsiloxane having a molecular weight comprised between 200 and 1000, as well as an amino coupling agent.
  • a treating aqueous dispersion comprising less than 1% by weight of surface treating mixture comprising at least a a hydroxy (OH) terminated polydimethylsiloxane having a molecular weight comprised between 200
  • the fibres have advantageously a length comprised between 2 and 6mm and a water content of less than 20% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight. Preferably 90% by weight of the fibres have a length comprised between 2 and 6mm. Most preferably the fibres are substantially free from fibres with a length of 1mm or less than 1mm. In preferred embodiments, the fibres comprise in dry matter less than 2% by weight of fibres or particles with a size or length of less than 2mm.
  • the amino coupling agent is advantageously an amino silane coupling agent, preferably an aminoethyl aminopropyl trimethoxysilane. Details of the properties of the preferred aminoethyl aminopropyl trimethoxysilane can be found on the web by using the CAS reference number : 1760-24-3.
  • the surface treating mixture advantageously further comprises a polyethylene glycol ether, especially a polyethylene glycol trimethylnonyl ether. Details of the properties of the preferred polyethylene glycol trimethylnonyl ether can be found on the web by using the CAS reference number : 60828-78-6
  • the preferred surface treating mixture consists of alcohol, water, polyethylene glycol ether, hydroxy! terminated polydimethylsiloxane and aminoethyl aminopropyl trimethoxysilane.
  • the treating aqueous mixture or dispersion comprises an alcohol, advantageously ethanol.
  • the weight ratio silanol terminated polydimethylsiloxane with a molecular weight comprised between 200 and 1000 / amino coupling agent is preferably comprised between 5 : 1 and 20: 1.
  • the said chemically modified unpyrolyzed ageing resistant fibres of the invention are holding during its storage for 6 months (and even more, such as 9 - 12 months), an alkali resistance in a 1 N NaOH solution of more than 92% for at least 28days
  • the said chemically modified unpyrolyzed ageing resistant fibres after complete burning at 600°C have an ash characterised by a Si0 2 weight content comprised between 41% and 70% and a K 2 0 weight content comprised between 4% and 24%, while the Si0 2 + 2 0 weight content of said ash is comprised between 68%) and 85% .
  • the fibres before being treated have a silicon content as Si0 2 in the ash comprised between 30 and 40% by weight
  • the Poaceae fibres are advantageously sprayed with the aqueous treated mixture, then mixed and dried.
  • the fibres are Miscanthus fibres, said Miscanthus fibres before being treated a silicon being selected in Miscanthus fibres having after complete burning at 600°C an ash characterized by a Si0 2 content higher than 30% by weight, advantageously comprised between 30 and 40%> by weight, whereby said fibres are treated with said treating aqueous dispersion, so as to enrich the fibres in silicium, so that the ash of the treated fibres after complete burning at 600°C comprises more than 40% by weight Si0 2 , especially from 41 to 50% by weight Si0 2 .
  • Preferred Poaceae fibres especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species,
  • Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) of the invention are fibres enriched in silicon, so that the ash of the fibres after complete burning at 600°C comprises more than 40% by weight Si0 2 , especially from 41 to 60% by weight Si0 2 .
  • the ash of the fibres after complete burning at 600°C are characterized by a weight Si0 2 weight content of 41 to 70% (such as from 41 to 50% for Miscanthus like species and 57 - 70% for Pennisetum like species and Zea like species) and a K 2 0 weight content of 5 to 24% (such as from 18 to 24% for Miscanthus like species, 9 to 10%i for Pennisetum like species and 4-5% for Zea like species).
  • the ash of the fibres after complete burning at 600°C are characterized by a weight Si0 2 content of 41 to 70% and a K 2 0 weight content of 9 to 24%.
  • the Poaceae fibres have, after complete burning an ash characterized with a Si0 2 weight content + K 2 0 weight content advantageously comprised between 68% and 85%.
  • the selected fibres are advantageously Poaceae fibres when harvested having after complete burning at 600°C a P 2 0 5 weight content in the ash comprised between 3 and 7%.
  • the fibres after being treated with the aqueous treating aqueous dispersion are dried again up to a water content of less than 20% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight.
  • the Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) of the invention have advantageously a weak acid content of less than 10%> by weight and a high polyvalent silicon metal content of more than 0.5% by weight, such as from 1% up to 10% by weight. It is expected that that the treated Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) are protected from degradative attacks for the fibre structure, especially in alkaline environments.
  • fibres of the invention were treated after different storage time in an air environment having a temperature of about 20°C and a relative humidity of 50%.
  • lOOg fibres of the invention were dried so as to reduce the free water content to 10%. Said dried fibres were soaked in 1 litre of IN NaOH (aqueous solution) at a temperature of 20°C for lday, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days and 56days.
  • IN NaOH aqueous solution
  • the fibres were collected, washed with water up to achieve a pH of about 7, and dried with hot air at a temperature of 70°C for
  • the dry weight of the fibres stored 7 days, 60 days and 180 days was varying in a very limited range (2 to 3%), even for soaking time of 56 days, said dry weight being moreover always greater than 92% (advantageously greater than 95%) of the dry weight of the dry fibres of the invention not soaked in the NaOH solution.
  • Said test is showing the extreme good stability of the fibres of the invention, even after a long storage period, meaning for the user a good awareness of the properties he can achieve despite a variable storage time.
  • the treated Poaceae fibres should be dried up to a moisture content of 6 to 8%.
  • the treated fibres are then submitted to a stability test in strong alkaline environment, namely IN NaOH medium.
  • 60g treated Poaceae fibres were mixed in 200g IN NaOH solution (temperature 20°C).
  • the testing samples were respectively treated for lday, 3days, 14 days and 28 days.
  • Poaceae fibres especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species were treated in the same ways. After the alkaline testing time, the Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) were treated in the same ways. After the alkaline testing time, the Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) were treated in the same ways. After the alkaline testing time, the Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) were treated in the same ways. After the alkaline testing time, the Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) were treated in the same ways. After the alkaline testing time, the Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus
  • Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species were collected, washed with water, up to achieving a pH of about 7 for the Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) mixed into the water.
  • the Zero-span breaking strength of the fibres or the dry zero-spah tensile is determined for each samples treated with NaOH.
  • a handsheeting apparatus TAPPI T 205 with the tensile tester TAPPI T 231 was used.
  • ZSSR Zero-Span Stability Ratio
  • the chemically modified Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) of the invention have advantageously a treated fibre alkaline stability improvement (TFS AI) of more than 1.15 even after 28days soaking in IN NaOH.
  • Said TFS AI (MW) is the ratio between the average (in weight) molecular weight of the chemically modified fibre of the invention after soaking in NaOH for a selected time, and the average in weight of the non chemically modified Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) after soaking in NaOH for the selected time.
  • Said ratio TFSAI (V) can also be determined based on the viscosity of the mix fibres (of the invention and not of the invention) and IN NaOH solution, after a soaking time in NaOH solution.
  • the ratio viscosity of chemically modified fibre in IN NaOH after a selected soaking time / viscosity of untreated Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) in IN NaOH after said selected soaking time is advantageously greater than 1.1 after a soaking time of 7 days or more than 7days, even after a soaking time of 28 days.
  • Poaceae fibres especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species
  • Advantages / properties of the preferred Poaceae fibres are among other :
  • the water absorption can be determined as follows: a) drying of the coated fibres for 1 hour at 100-105°C; b) weighting of the dried fibres; c) wetting of the fibres, by imerging the fibres in water (20°C) for 10 minutes; d) removing the excess water by shaking; and e) weighting the wetted fibres.
  • the water absorption is equal to the weight of the wetted fibres minus the weight of the dry fibres. Expressed in % of the dry weight, the water absoiption is equal to [the weight of the wetted fibres minus the weight of the dry fibres ] divided by the weight of the dry fibres.
  • the fibres are cut fibres provided with a thin silicon containing coating with a thickness of less than ⁇ , the said coating comprising at least (but advantageously principally) aminosilane and polydimethylsiloxane and reaction products of aminosilane and polydimethylsiloxane
  • long term Alkali resistant (said resistance can be determined as follows: lOOg fibres of the invention were dried so as to reduce the free water content to 10%. Said dried fibres were soaked in 1 litre of IN NaOH (aqueous solution) at a temperature of 20°C for lday, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days and 56days. After the different soaking period, the fibres were collected, washed with water up to achieve a pH of about 7, and dried with hot air at a temperature of 70°C for 60minutes. The so dried fibres were then weighted.
  • IN NaOH aqueous solution
  • Said test is operated for fibres after a storage period of 7 days, for fibres after a storage period of 60 days, and for fibres after a storage period of 180days.
  • the dry weight of the fibres stored 7 days, 60 days and 180 days was varying in a veiy limited range (2 to 3%), even foi ⁇ soaking time of 56 days, said dry weight being moreover always greater than 92% (advantageously greater than 95%) of the dry weight of the diy fibres of the invention not soaked in the IN NaOH solution.
  • the invention relates also to a dry ready to use mix after addition of water, said mix comprising a silicon containing hydraulic binder and Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) of the invention.
  • the weight ratio hydraulic binder / Poaceae fibres is advantageously comprised between 0.5 and 10.
  • the invention relates also to a building product comprising at least a part or layer comprising a hardened silicon containing hydraulic binder containing Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) of the invention. It has been observed that an extremely high binding was achieved between the silicon containing hydraulic binder and the Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the
  • Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species of the invention.
  • Said building product was stable, had a low water adsorption, a high heat insulating coefficient, a good burning/fire resistance, a low level of shrinkages, excellent sound insulation properties, etc. It seems that some of the good properties of the building product of the invention is due to the presence of voids within the building product (at least partly due to the voids within the fibres incorporated into a matrix), and/or due some fossilisation of the Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) within the matrix (with expected formation of some carbon black particles when submitted to a fire test).
  • Poaceae fibres especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species
  • comprises some chlorine atom more than about 0.1% by weight with respect to treated Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species,
  • the treated Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) do not disturb the hardening step, while providing fire resistance for the Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species).
  • the hardened silicon containing hydraulic binder is a calcium based or containing silicon containing hydraulic binder, especially a calcium alumino silicon containing hydraulic binder, such as cement, concrete.
  • the calcium based or containing hydraulic binder is mixed with water comprising less than 0.5% by weight a polydiethoxysiloxane, advantageously a fluoro CI to CIO alkyl polydiethoxysiloxane, and a butyl and/or octyl triethoxysilane.
  • fluoro CI to CIO alkyl means "fluoro alkyl radicals comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as 2 to 5 carbon atoms”.
  • the fluoro alkyl radical comprises advantageously more than one fluoro atom.
  • specific radical reference can be made to ethyl, butyl or propyl radicals provided with 3 or more than 3 fluoro atoms, such as 5 and 7 fluoro atoms.
  • the invention relates further to a method for the preparation of a building product according to the invention , in which at least Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) of the invention, a hardenable calcium containing hydraulic binder (preferably a cement containing binder), and water are mixed together, and hardened, advantageously at a temperature greater than 20°C.
  • the binder comprises also advantageously some silicon, such as issued from the reaction of Si0 2 containing compounds, like Si0 2 .
  • the mixture is shaped and hardened under a temperature comprised between 100°C and 250°C and under a pressure of 3 10 5 and 20 10 5 Pa for at least 60 minutes.
  • the silicon containing hydraulic binder is a calcium containing aluminosilicate binder or an alumino silicate cement or a Portland cement or an alumino enriched Portland cement.
  • the binder is preferably mixed with one or more water repellent agents, such as fluoro compounds, as well as with one or more further additives, such Si0 2 particles, Alumine particles, silicate, aluminosilicate particles, fillers, etc.
  • water repellent agents such as fluoro compounds
  • further additives such Si0 2 particles, Alumine particles, silicate, aluminosilicate particles, fillers, etc.
  • an aqueous emulsion containing A) polysiloxane "A" being a polymer or a copolymer having a weight average molecular weight comprised between 500 and 2000g/mol, preferably comprised between 600 and 1400g/mol, said polymer or copolymer being formed by the polymerisation of units of the following general formula:
  • Ri (Ri) x Si(OR 2 ) y (OH) z 0 (4-x-y-z)/2 with Ri, which are different or the same as: alkyl group met 1 to 10 carbon atoms, which is possibly substituted by one or more halogen atoms and/or NH 2 groups;
  • R 2 which is C 2 H 5 ;
  • x having in average a value comprised between 1.0 and 2.0
  • y having in average a value comprised between 0.7 and 2.0
  • this polysiloxane has advantageously a dynamic viscosity of less than 2000 mPa.s
  • alkyl alkoxysilane "B" selected from the group consisting of iso-octyl
  • triethoxysilane iso butyl triethoxysilane, n-octyl triethoxysilane and mixtures thereof ,
  • alkylalkoxysilane are finely dispersed as particles with a size of less than 1 micron in the water, in which the weight ratio between, on the one hand, the alkyl alkoxysilane "B" selected from the group consisting of iso-octyl triethoxysilane, iso butyl triethoxysilane, n-octyl triethoxysilane and mixtures thereof , and on the other hand the polysiloxane "A” is between 21 and 40, in which the aqueous emulsion has a dynamic viscosity smaller than lOmPa.s, preferably smaller than 5mPa.s, and in which the quantity of aqueous emulsion used in the manufacture of the water repellent products is such that the dry weight content of polysiloxane "A" and alkyl alkoxysilane "B” in the water repellent products after the hardening of the calcium containing hydraulic binding agent is comprised between 0.0
  • the invention further relates to a method for preparation of stabilized Poaceae fibres (especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) suitable for the preparation of building product of the invention, in which: fresh Poaceae (especially from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) plant comprising the fibres to be treated are harvested when the fresh fibres of the fresh plant have after complete burning at 600°C a silicon weight content measured as Si0 2 in the ash of at least 30%, said fresh Poaceae (especially from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) plant having a water content of less than 30% by weight (possibly after a partial drying ) , whereby said fresh Poaceae (especially from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species) plant are cut into fibres with a length comprised between 2mm and 10mm;
  • Poaceae fibres especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species
  • a temperature of less than 75°C, preferably less than 60°C so as to reduce the water content to less than
  • Poaceae fibres especially fibres from the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species
  • an aqueous dispersion comprising less than 1% by weight of a mixture comprising OH terminated silanol terminated polydimethylsiloxane having a molecular weight comprised between
  • an aminosilane coupling agent and advantageously a polyethylene glycolether
  • the treated fibres in an air environment with a temperature from 0°C up to 50°C and a relative humidity of less than 2mm.
  • the method comprises a step for removing from fibres to be treated or treated fibres, at least partly fibres and particles having a length or size of less than 2 mm.
  • the method comprises a step for removing small particles or fibres before the treatment with the aqueous dispersion, as well as after the said treatment. It has been observed that when treating fibres comprising a substantial quantity of small fibres or particles, the mechanical properties were lowered with respect to the properties achieved on fibres substantially free from small particles or fibres with a size of less than 2mm.
  • the invention further relates to a fire resistant noise insulating wall and to the use of said wall for insulating railways, highways, ways from noises, said walls are suitable for making fire lines.
  • Such fire lines are advantageous for limiting and/or avoiding some damages following a disaster, such as a fire, forestry fire, explosion, etc.
  • the wall of the invention comprises at least one layer of coated fibres of the invention, as disclosed here above.
  • the wall is a wall comprising at least one porous layer containing fungi resistant
  • Poaceae fibres preferably from the group consisting of the Miscanthus like species, Pennisetum like species, and Zea like species, whereby said fibres are bound by a calcium containing hydraulic binder.
  • the fungi resistant Poaceae fibres are unpyrolysed fibres (advantageously cut fibres) provided with a silane coating comprising at least OH terminated silanol terminated polydimethylsolxane having a molecular weight comprised between 200 and 1000, and a polyethyleneglycol ether (as well as preferably an amino silane coupling agent, most preferably an aminoethyl aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, an aminoethyl aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and mixtures thereof), the said coated fibres having the following characteristics:
  • an average length by weight comprised between 2 and 20mm with a maximum weight content of coated Poaceae fibres with a length lower than 2 mm of less than 5%, advantageously less than 3% of the total weight of coated Poaceae fibres, while the maximum weight content of Poaceae fibres with a length of more than 20mm is advantageously also lower than 5%, most preferably lower than 3% with respect to the total weight of coated Poaceae fibres (It has been observed that by selecting such coated Poaceae fibres, it was possible to achieve excellent noise insulation characteristics); a free water weight content of less than 20%, preferably less than 10%, after the hardening of the calcium containing hydraulic binder;
  • Said test is operated for fibres after a storage period of 7 days, for fibres after a storage period of 60 days, and for fibres after a storage period of 180days.
  • the dry weight of the fibres stored 7 days, 60 days and 180 days was varying in a very limited range (2 to 3%), even for soaking time of 56 days, said dry weight being moreover always greater than 92% (advantageously greater than 95%) of the dry weight of the dry fibres of the invention not soaked in the NaOH solution.
  • At least 50% by weight of the coated Poaceae fibres needs to have an outer surface, whereby at least 10%) of said outer surface is not coated with calcium containing hydraulic binder.
  • the porous layer containing the coated fibres and the calcium containing hydraulic binder has after hardening of the binder the following properties:
  • a dry weight content of coated Poaceae fibres comprised between 10 and 50% by weight; an air noise insulation higher than 30dB, preferably comprised between 30 and 40dB (measured according to the norm EN 1793-1);
  • the water absorption can be determined as follows: a) drying of the coated fibres for 1 hour at 100-105°C; b) weighting of the dried fibres; c) wetting of the fibres, by soaking the fibres in water (20°C) for 10 minutes; d) removing the excess water by shaking; and e) weighting the wetted fibres.
  • the water absorption is equal to the weight of the wetted fibres minus the weight of the dry fibres. Expressed in % of the dry weight, the water absorption is equal to [the weight of the wetted fibres minus the weight of the dry fibres ] divided by the weight of the dry fibres.
  • said porosity comprising inner channels containing air, whereby said porosity has a volume corresponding to at least 25% of the volume of the porous layer containing the coated Poaceae fibres (the porosity is determined by the BJH method).
  • the porosity is determined by the BJH method.
  • the porosity is a portion of the silicon/silane containing coating in contact with air of the inner channels or open channels.
  • the porous layer or wall has one or more of the following characteristics: the open inner channels form an open inner web with a BET specific surface area of at least 20m 2 per dm 3 (measured according to the BET method);
  • the coated fibres have an outer surface, 25 to 75% of said outer surface being not covered by the calcium containing hydraulic binder; - the coating consists essentially of aminosilane, polysiloxane (alkylalkoxysilane) and polyethyleneglycol ether;
  • the porous layer comprising coated Poaceae fibre comprises an outer face provided with openings which form passages for the inner open channels or inner open web.
  • the outer face of the porous layer is advantageously provided with recesses and/or grooves, whereby the outer face has a developed outer surface of at least 1.5m 2 / m 2 of undeveloped surface, preferably at least 2m 2 per m 2 of undeveloped surface.
  • the weight ratio silanol terminated polydimethylsiloxane with a molecular weight comprised between 200 and 1000 / amino coupling agent is preferably comprised between 5 : 1 and 20: 1.
  • the fibres are Miscanthus fibres, said Miscanthus fibres before being treated a silicon being selected in Miscanthus fibres having after complete burning at 600°C an ash characterized by a Si0 2 content higher than 30% by weight,
  • fibres are treated with said treating aqueous dispersion, so as to enrich the fibres in silicium, so that the ash of the treated fibres after complete burning at 600°C comprises more than 40% by weight Si0 2 , especially from 41 to 50% by weight Si0 2 .
  • Preferred Poaceae fibres are fibres enriched in silicon, so that the ash of the fibres after complete burning at 600°C comprises more than 40% by weight Si0 2 , especially from 41 to 60% by weight Si0 2 .
  • the ash of the fibres after complete burning at 600°C are characterized by a weight Si0 2 weight content of 41 to 70% (such as from 41 to 50% for Miscanthus like species and 57 - 70% for Pennisetum like species and Zea like species) and a K 2 0 weight content of 5 to 24% (such as from 18 to 24% for Miscanthus like species, 9 tol0%> for Pennisetum like species and 4-5% for Zea like species).
  • a weight Si0 2 weight content of 41 to 70% such as from 41 to 50% for Miscanthus like species and 57 - 70% for Pennisetum like species and Zea like species
  • K 2 0 weight content such as from 18 to 24% for Miscanthus like species, 9 tol0%> for Pennisetum like species and 4-5% for Zea like species.
  • the ash of the fibres after complete burning at 600°C are characterized by a weight Si ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 content of 41 to 70% and a K 2 0 weight content of 9 to 24%.
  • the Poaceae fibres have, after complete burning an ash characterized with a Si0 2 weight content + K 2 0 weight content advantageously comprised between 68%> and
  • the selected fibres are advantageously Poaceae fibres when harvested having after complete burning at 600°C a P 2 0 5 weight content in the ash comprised between 3 and 7%.
  • the fibres after being treated with the aqueous treating aqueous dispersion are dried again up to a water content of less than 20% by weight, preferably less than
  • At least 90%o by weight of the coated Poaceae fibres consist of a first fraction
  • the binder comprises further silicon and/or aluminium
  • the porous layer has a flame fire resistance at 600°C of more than 30 minutes (flame penetration fire resistance and flash-over resistance of more than
  • the porous layer has also advantageously the following fire restant characteristics: fire classification according to Norm NEN-EN 13501-1 : Bl or better;
  • the porous layer has a water absorption of less than 10% of the weight of the porous layer.
  • the porous coated Poacea containing layer has a compressive strength from 8 to 20 N/mm 2 , a lambda value 0.2 to 1 W/(m.K), and a bending strength from 2 to 10 N/mm 2 .
  • the porous layer has classification C5 to C20 according to NEN-EN 13225.
  • the porous layer or layers has/have each a thiclaiess from 10cm to 20cm.
  • the coated Poaceae fibres are products with
  • C0 2 storage products extremely low C0 2 emission and can be considered as C0 2 storage products. About 1.5 up to 2kg C0 2 can be stored in about 1kg coated fibres.
  • the long term C0 2 storage is comprised between 25 and 35 kg C ( 3 ⁇ 4 per square meter.
  • the porous layer can be further worked as for other building materials (such as drilling, boring, cutting, graving, etc.) .
  • the layer can be finished with plaster coating.
  • Any binding means (such as screw, glue, plug, dowel, etc.) can be used for attaching together several layers and/or for attaching a noise insulating wall of the invention on an existing wall.
  • the height of the wall of the invention can reach up to 4m or even more.
  • the wall comprises at least a first porous layer with Poaceae fibres and a second porous layer with Poaceae fibres, whereby the first layer comprises more than 35% by weight coated Poaceae fibres, while the second layer comprises less than 35% by weight coated Poaceae fibres.
  • the first and second porous layers have each preferably a minimum thiclaiess of 6cm.
  • a first porous layer comprises 40 to 55% by weight coated Poaceae fibres (the density of the porous layer is preferably less than 1000kg/m 3 , for example between 600 and 900 kg/m 3 ), while the second porous layer comprises 15 to 30% by weight coated Poaceae fibres (The density of the porous layer is preferably comprised between 1200 and 1700kg/m 3 ).
  • the wall comprises three distinct layers with each different weight content of coated Poaceae fibres. By using different weight content of coated Poaceae fibres, it is possible to achieve an increased air noise absorption.
  • the porous layer with coated Poaceae fibres is fungi resistant.
  • the characteristics of noise absorption and fire resistance of the porous layer do not substantially vary with the time, even by low temperature such as 0°C. It has been observed that by using fungi resistant coated Poaceae fibres (especially Miscanthus fibres), the porous layer was fungi resistant.
  • the wall comprises two or three distinct porous layers containing each coated Poaceae fibres, whereby the layers are attached together by means of one or more linking means, whereby inner channels of two or three porous layers communicate to each other, possibly through an intermediate open layer or a porous
  • a surface of a porous layer containing coated Poaceae fibres forms a first outer face of the noises insulating wall, while a second outer face of noise insulating wall which is opposite to the first outer face is provided with wood elements.
  • the first outer face is directed towards the railways or the ways or roads, the noise of which has to be absorbed.
  • the invention relates also to the use of a fire resistant noise insulating walls of the invention for protecting railways and ways or roads against fire and noise, whereby the outer face of the walls which is directed towards the railways or roads is the outer face of a porous layer containing coated Poaceae fibres, advantageously Poaceae fibres of the invention.
  • coated Poaceae fibres are used, whereby it is possible to predict mechanical properties and/or to achieve better mechanical properties and/or to achieve better workability.
  • the characteristics of the dry coated fabrics do not substantially vary with time, such as for a period of 6 to 9 months or even more. This is advantageous for the production of noise insulating walls, as their properties will not depend of the storage time of the coated fibres.
  • Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of an embodiment of a noise insulating and fire resistant wall of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a partial cross section view of the wall of figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing fibres of the invention attached the one to the other by a hydraulic binder. Description of examples and embodiments
  • Miscanthus plant (Miscanthus sinensis species)
  • the silicon content and water content thereof were controlled.
  • the harvesting was operated in April, when the plant had a water content of less than 15% by weight and a Si0 2 content in the ash (of plant completely burn at 600°C) of more than 35% by weight.
  • the so harvested Miscanthus fibres had a high weight carbon content, such content measured on dry matter was greater than 40% by weight (such as between 45 and 55%), meaning Miscanthus plants are good C0 2 sequester.
  • the harvested Miscanthus plant were during the harvesting cut in fibres with an weight average length of about 5mm. Particles and fibres with a size of less than 2mm were removed from the fibres.
  • the harvested and cut Miscanthus plant is preferably not submitted to a grinding step.
  • the cut Miscanthus fibres were placed in a mixing trommel associated to a spray system for spraying on the Miscanthus fibres an aqueous composition containing :
  • polyethylene glycol trimethylnonyl ether 0.1% by weight polyethylene glycol trimethylnonyl ether.
  • the amount of aqueous dispersion added was sufficient so that the treated Miscanthus fibres had a Si0 2 content in the ash (after complete burning at 600°C) of more than 45%o, such as more than 55%>.
  • the ash composition of the so treated fibres was the following :
  • Ash content about 3.2%> of the weight of the treated Miscanthus fibres before burning
  • Silicon content (as Si0 2 ) about 57-58%o by weight
  • Phosphor content ( as P 2 0 5 ) : about 5% by weight
  • Magnesium content (as MgO) about 5% by weight
  • the treated Miscanthus fibres (referenced as Misc. Fib. in the examples) were dried so that their water weight content was less than 10% (comprised between 5 and 8%o by weight).
  • the treated Miscanthus fibres were stored in a room with a relative humidity level of 40% and a temperature of 20°C. After one month storage, no insect attacks, nor fungus development were observed. It seems that the treatment of Miscanthus fibres provided to the fibres some extra properties against insects and fungus development. After 6 months storage and even after one year storage, no insect attacks, nor fungus development were observed.
  • Some of the treated Miscanthus fibres were further milled into a powder (with micro fibres) with a size of less than 1mm, such as comprised between 100 and 500 ⁇ . Said powder was stored in closed container.
  • Miscanthus powder is an excellent medium for the growth of fungi and bacteria.
  • Coated Miscanthus fibres as example of the invention and fresh Miscanthus fibres (not provided with the coating) have been tested according to Norm EN 350 in order to measure the durability of the fibres against fungi. After two months treatment, the weight reduction for the coated fibres of the invention lower than 5%, while said weight reduction for the fresh cut fibres (not coated) was higher than 20%. According to said norm EN 350, the fibres of the invention (coated Miscanthus fibres) have a durability of 1 on a scale of 1 to 5, meaning substantially no weight loss after a six months treatment period.
  • the so achieved chemically modified Miscanthus fibres of the invention with a weight average length of about 5mm, as well in powder form had polyvalent silicon content of more than 1% by weight, a Zero-Span Stability Ratio in IN NaOH (for up to 28 days) of more than 92%, and a treated fibre alkaline, as well as a stability
  • Pennisetum like species such as Pennisetum purpureum, also known as Elephant grass, Pennisetum clandestinum also known as Kikuyu grass
  • Zea like species such as Zea mays species, Zea mexicana species
  • Ash content of said treated further examples of Poaceae fibres was the following :
  • the ash composition of the so treated fibres was the following :
  • Ash content more than about 3.1 - 3.3 % of the weight of the treated Poaceae fibres before burning
  • Silicon content (as Si0 2 ) : about 57-60% by weight for Pennisetum purpureum and Pennisetum clandestinum species, and about 65 to 70% for the Zea mays species and the Zea mexicana species.
  • Potassium content (as K 2 0) : about 9-10% by weight for Pennisetum species and about 4-5% by weight for the Zea species
  • Magnesium content (as MgO) less than about 3% by weight
  • the so treated fibres belonging to the Poaceae family had similar storage property and stability as for the treated Miscanthus fibres.
  • miscanthus fibres When treating fresh Miscanthus fibres only with aminosilane or only with OH terminated silanol terminated polydimethylsiloxane, the so treated Miscanthus fibres had reduced storage property. It seems that the said combination amino silane with OH terminated silanol terminated polydimethylsiloxane has a synergistic effect on the storage, enabling to keep or maintain mechanical and chemical property of the fibre for storage period of more than 6 months and even more than 1 year. Examples of Use of treated Poaceae fibres such as Miscanthus fibres, Pennisetum fibres and Zea fibres in building products The herebelow disclosed examples is described specifically with treated Miscanthus fibres.
  • various hydraulic binders can be used.
  • alumino silicate rich hydraulic binders are preferred.
  • the hardening can be operated at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, but is advantageously operated at a temperature of 100 to 200°C (such as 150-180°C) and under pressure, so as to accelerate the hardening of the bricks.
  • the hardening time can vary, but can be highly reduced when using temperature of 150-180°C.
  • a first hydraulic binder (given as example only, referenced as H.B. 1 in the example) was achieved by dry mixing 15 kg Portland cement, 15 kg quick lime, 70kg silica sand and lOOg alumina powder.
  • Said first hydraulic binder will be mixed with about 60 litres water per 100kg binder.
  • a second hydraulic binder was a mix of 30% by weight of Portland cement (average composition comprising by weight: 11% Ca 3 Al 2 0 5 ; 66% Ca 3 Si0 5 ; 13% Ca 2 Si0 4 and 3.7% S0 3 ) and sulfo alumino cement (average composition comprising by weight: 10.4% Ca 2 Si0 4 ; 64.2% Ca 4 (A10 2 ) 6 S0 4 ; 2.4% CaO,7Al 2 0 3 ; 2.9% CaS0 4 ).
  • Said second hydraulic binder will be mixed with about 100 liters water per 100kg binder.
  • a first aqueous siloxane/silane dispersion or emulsion (referenced as Disp 1) for improving the water repellence of the product was prepared by mixing together : 3 parts by weight of polysiloxane with units having the following average empirical formula : CH 3 Si(OC 2 H5)o. 8 O , with an average molecular weight of 600-700g and a kinetic viscosity of about 20 mm 2 /s (dynamic viscosity of less than 20 mPa.s), 60 parts by weight of isooctyltriethoxysilane, 20 parts by weight isobutyltriethoxysilane, 0.5 part by weight ethanol, water for achieving in total 100 parts by weight.
  • Said first siloxane / silane dispersion is intended to be added to the water at a rate of 0.5 kg per 100kg water to be mixed with the hydraulic binder.
  • a second aqueous siloxane/silane dispersion or emulsion (referenced as Disp 2) for improving the water repellence of the product was prepared by mixing together : 1 part by weight of polysiloxane with units having the following average empirical formula : (CH 3 )i. 2 Si(OC2H 5 )i.80o. 5 , with an average molecular weight of 900-1000g and a viscosity of about 20 mm 2 /s (dynamic viscosity of less than 20 mPa.s), 1 part by weight of polysiloxane with units with the empirical formula:
  • Said second siloxane / silane dispersion is intended to be added to the water at a rate of 0.5 kg per 100kg water to be mixed with the hydraulic binder.
  • the dry binder will be mixed with the treated miscanthus fibres.
  • the weight rate of Miscanthus fibres / dry binder is 10%, 25%, 50%.
  • water (with or without added siloxane/silane dispersion) is added progressively to the mix of binder - miscanthus fibres.
  • Misc. Fib quantity of treated Miscanthus fibres with a length (average in weight) of about 5mm added per 100kg hydraulic binder
  • H.B. hydraulic binder H.B. 1 or H.B. 2
  • Disp 1 first dispersion added at a rate of 0.5kg per 100 kg or liter water.
  • the bricks (in the shape of cube of 10cm edge) were shaped in a cubic mould, the lateral sides thereof and the bottom thereof were provided with a thin layer of hydraulic binder without Miscanthus fibres of about 0.5cm. After completing the filing of the mould, a top layer of hydraulic binder without Miscanthus fibres was added. After hardening and cooling, the bricks were tested. It was observed that the bricks had the followings properties :
  • Panels were shaped by using the mix of bricks 2, 3 and 5 to 9.
  • a first layer of the mix hydraulic binder/water/ disp 1 or 2 was deposited on a fabric or tissue or a porous paper sheet. Said first layer had a thickness of 2 to 5mm.
  • the so shaped panel was put in an oven at a temperature of 180°C for 12 hours.
  • the panels After hardening and cooling, the panels had the followings properties :
  • miscanthus fibres can be used as filler in concrete, and can be added to hydraulic binder with sand, water and aggregates.
  • the content of treated miscanthus fibres with respect to the weight content of hydraulic binder will depend of the desired properties.
  • Specific examples of panel of the invention are noise insulating and fire resistant walls, as disclosed in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the noise insulating wall 1 of figure 1 comprises three distinct porous layers 10,11,12 containing coated Miscanthus fibres of the invention, each layer having a thiclcness of at least 6 cm, as well as a wood covering 15.
  • the outer layer 12 containing coated Miscanthus fibres is provided with vertical protuberances 12 A, whereby said porous layer has an outer developed are of 2 to 3 m 3 per planar square meter.
  • Said porous layer 12 had a maximal thiclcness of 10cm, while the protuberance had a thiclcness of about 4cm.
  • the porous layers 10,11,12 have different coated Miscanthus content.
  • the layer 10 (directed towards the wood covering 15) comprised 15-20% by weight coated
  • Miscanthus fibres and has a density of about 1600 - 1800 lcg/m 3 .
  • the porous layer 12 comprised 45-55% by weight coated Miscanthus fibres and has a density of about 600 - 800 lcg/m 3 .
  • the intermediate porous layer 11 comprised 25-35% by weight coated Miscanthus fibres and has a density of about 800 - 1000 lcg/m 3 .
  • the layers were attached the one with the other by connecting elements, such as glue points or lines 20.
  • the open inner channels of the porous layers are communicating the one with the other forming an inner open web. Air can flow from channels of a porous layer into channels of another adjacent porous layer.
  • the intermediate porous layer 11 is placed with respect to the end porous layers 10,12 so as to define on one vertical edge of the panel a vertical groove 16, and on the opposite vertical edge of the panel, a vertical protuberance 17.
  • the vertical protuberance 17 is adapted for being inserted within the vertical groove of an adjacent noise insulating panel.
  • Figure 2 is a cross section view of the noise insulating wall of figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a partial schematic view of coated Miscanthus fibres which are attached together by a hardened calcium containing hydraulic binder, such as a binder containing hydrated lime (the binder advantageously also containing some silicon).
  • a hardened calcium containing hydraulic binder such as a binder containing hydrated lime (the binder advantageously also containing some silicon).
  • the coated Miscanthus fibres 30 are substantially completely coated with a silane containing coating 31 as disclosed here above.
  • the cement comprising binder 32 covers only partly the coated miscanthus fibres 30, whereby an open web is formed between the fibres and within the inner channels 32 of the fibres.
  • the binder is selected to form a MDF panel.
  • the glue comprises a resin glue, which is curable or hardenable at room temperature or at temperature above room temperatures, such as at a temperature comprised between 50 and 150°C.
  • the resin glue can possibly be a resin comprising urea - formaldehyde compounds.
  • the miscanthus powder was dried in a rotating drum (with air circulation at a temperature below 70°C) so as to reduce its free water content to less than 5% by weight (such as less than 1% by weight).
  • the polymer was melted and mixed with the miscanthus powder, so as to achieve a substantially uniform dispersion of the miscanthus powder in the melted polymer.
  • the said melted polymer can thereafter be injected or extruded or can be transformed into pellets or granules ready for use in an extruder or injection apparatus.
  • the polymer is for example polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, polystyrene, silicon, copolymers, etc.
  • the Miscanthus powder weight content within the plastic can range as example from 5 to 50% with respect to the weight of the polymer.
  • the fibres can be is required first transformed into aggregates. While not being necessary, the fibres of the invention can be further treated with a mineralizator, especially dry treated with a mineralizator (such as stone dust, hydrated lime (high specific surface area 30m 2 /g), etc.) As further examples of treated Poaceae fibres and powders in bricks, panels and plastics, the treated Miscanthus fibres were replaced by treated fibres from
  • Pennisetum like species such as Pennisetum purpureum, also known as Elephant grass, Pennisetum clandestinum also loiown as Kikuyu grass
  • Zea like species such as Zea mays species, Zea mexicana species

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne des fibres de Poaceae non pyrolysées, chimiquement modifiées, ayant une longueur inférieure à 200 mm, avantageusement comprise entre 2 et 100 mm, par exemple entre 2 et 10 mm, lesdites fibres ayant une teneur en eau inférieure à 40 % en poids, et étant traitées au moyen d'une dispersion aqueuse de traitement comprenant moins de 1 % en poids d'un mélange de traitement de surface comprenant au moins un polydiméthylsiloxane à terminaison silanol, ainsi qu'un agent de couplage amino.
PCT/IB2018/058005 2017-10-17 2018-10-16 Fibres de poaceae et produits de construction Ceased WO2019077486A1 (fr)

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EP18812250.1A EP3697741B1 (fr) 2017-10-17 2018-10-16 Fibres de poacées et produits de construction
US16/849,661 US11732404B2 (en) 2017-10-17 2020-04-15 Poaceae fibres and building products

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EP17020476.2 2017-10-17
EP17020476 2017-10-17
EP17020522.3 2017-11-07
EP17020522.3A EP3473605A1 (fr) 2017-10-17 2017-11-07 Fibres de poacées et produits de construction
NL2021653 2018-09-17
NL2021653A NL2021653B1 (nl) 2017-10-17 2018-09-17 brandwerend geluidswand

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7357833B2 (en) 2002-08-23 2008-04-15 Bki Holding Corporation Cementitious material reinforced with chemically treated cellulose fiber
EP2069255A1 (fr) 2006-10-06 2009-06-17 Miscanthus-Nawaro-Innovations S.A. Matériau avec un supplément végétal
WO2016146258A1 (fr) 2015-03-17 2016-09-22 Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Procédé pour produire un matériau isolant

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7357833B2 (en) 2002-08-23 2008-04-15 Bki Holding Corporation Cementitious material reinforced with chemically treated cellulose fiber
EP2069255A1 (fr) 2006-10-06 2009-06-17 Miscanthus-Nawaro-Innovations S.A. Matériau avec un supplément végétal
WO2016146258A1 (fr) 2015-03-17 2016-09-22 Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Procédé pour produire un matériau isolant

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Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 1760-24-3
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 60828-78-6
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 70131-67-8
HICRAN ACIKEL: "The use of miscanthus (Giganteus) as a plant fiber in concrete production", SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ESSAYS, 4 July 2011 (2011-07-04), pages 2660 - 2667, XP055465804, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1380712011_Acikel.pdf> [retrieved on 20180410], DOI: 10.5897/SRE10.1139 *
HICRAN ACIKEL: "The use of miscanthus (Giganteus) as a plant fiber in concrete production", SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ESSAYS, vol. 6, no. 13, 4 July 2011 (2011-07-04), pages 2260 - 2267

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