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WO2019077017A1 - Procédé et dispositif servant à consolider des structures composites renforcées par des fibres - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif servant à consolider des structures composites renforcées par des fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019077017A1
WO2019077017A1 PCT/EP2018/078481 EP2018078481W WO2019077017A1 WO 2019077017 A1 WO2019077017 A1 WO 2019077017A1 EP 2018078481 W EP2018078481 W EP 2018078481W WO 2019077017 A1 WO2019077017 A1 WO 2019077017A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cover
chamber
fiber composite
composite structure
pad
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2018/078481
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Graf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Original Assignee
Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau filed Critical Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Publication of WO2019077017A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019077017A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0888—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using transparant moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0827—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using UV radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0833—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using actinic light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0838—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using laser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0855—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using microwave

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the
  • fiber reinforced components are now predominantly textile fiber semi-finished products such as fiber or fiber fabric, which are partially or completely impregnated with a matrix.
  • fiber webs can also be infiltrated with powdered plastic or produced from a blended yarn with a proportion of thermoplastic fibers whose thermoplastic fraction is melted during further processing and forms the matrix.
  • the matrix of fiber-reinforced plastics has the task of high-strength fibers
  • On matrix materials can basically materials from the groups of Thermoplastics and possibly additional elasticizing components, such as elastomers, are used, which vary in the strength, the maximum elongation, the
  • blanks are produced, for example, in a cutting process, which usually fully lined the formed component.
  • continuous fiber-reinforced components can also be processed using fiber or tape-laying methods that have become known in a much lower-waste or
  • tape in the context is preferably meant any type of web-shaped material, in particular a prepreg material having, for example, a width between 30 and 200 mm, which is suitable for being deposited by means of a tape-laying device Yarns (rovings), fiber fabrics and / or fiber fabrics, which are impregnated with a matrix, for example a thermoplastic matrix, partially or completely impregnated, in particular preimpregnated.
  • a prepreg material having, for example, a width between 30 and 200 mm, which is suitable for being deposited by means of a tape-laying device Yarns (rovings), fiber fabrics and / or fiber fabrics, which are impregnated with a matrix, for example a thermoplastic matrix, partially or completely impregnated, in particular preimpregnated.
  • Fibers are, in particular, carbon fibers, but are equally applicable to glass fibers or other, in particular artificially produced, fibers or also natural fibers
  • tape-laying devices in particular so-called fiber-placement devices peel off a bobbin or roll, cut to length and place on a laying table or a tapestry already laid on the laying table.With the laying of a tape strip this is connected pointwise with the underlying tape layer over a number of ultrasonic welding heads
  • Tapelegevorraumen are for example from the
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary method for consolidating fiber composite structures with thermoplastic and / or thermoelastic polymers is known from the document DE 10 2014 004 053 A1.
  • a fiber composite structure 1 to be consolidated on a rigid base 2, as well as to place a rigid cover 3 on the fiber composite structure 1 so that the fiber composite structure 1 is in a space between the base 2 and the cover 3 is located.
  • the side is the
  • radiation sources 4 are provided, which are arranged above or below the cover 3 and the base 2 and which generate electromagnetic radiation, in particular infrared radiation.
  • the cover 3 and the base 2 are permeable to the electromagnetic radiation generated by the radiation sources 4, so that the electromagnetic radiation can be coupled through the base 2 and the cover 3 into the fiber composite structure 1.
  • the fiber composite structure 1 is irradiated by the underlay 2 and the cover 3 with the electromagnetic radiation in order to convert the impregnating polymer in a plasticized, molten state.
  • the space between the pad 2 and the cover 3 by means of a merging into a gap in the space
  • Pipe socket 6 connected vacuum pump (not shown), evacuated, so that as a result of the top of the cover 3 (or at least partially from below on the pad 2) acting ambient pressure, the fiber composite structure
  • An advantage of this method is the low required technical equipment effort, in particular the renunciation of pressing tools or the like, so that the process can be implemented easily and inexpensively.
  • the method allows direct heating of the fiber composite structure 1, without it being necessary, for example, to heat large pressing tools, which makes the method very energy-efficient and therefore cost-effective in operation.
  • this method has the potential for air pockets when closing the cover and backing, or air pockets forming during the compression and consolidation within the fiber composite structure, resulting in the formation of voids in the consolidated laminate.
  • Fiber composite structure provided, but since the fiber composite structure between the pad and the cover is pressed, it may happen that a
  • Air entrainment and / or pores to consolidate a laminate thus making it possible to form a laminate with a perfect, homogeneous surface and with.
  • thermoelastic polymer comprising arranging the
  • Composite structure between a plate-shaped pad and a plate-shaped cover wherein the cover is sealed by a sealing element with respect to the pad displaceable against the pad, creating a negative pressure in the space between the pad and the cover, and heating the fiber composite structure by electromagnetic radiation at least up to the range of the melting temperature of the at least a thermoplastic and / or thermoelastic polymer, wherein the fiber composite structure is pressed between the cover and the substrate under the effect of the ambient pressure pressing the cover against the substrate.
  • the method further comprises: inserting the cover and pad assembly with the fiber composite structure therebetween into a vacuum chamber means, the vacuum chamber means forming at least one chamber which at least partially seals the cover and / or pad against the environment, creating a negative pressure in the at least one a chamber before and / or simultaneously with generating the negative pressure in the space after the negative pressure in the space has reached a target pressure, reducing the negative pressure in the at least one chamber while maintaining the negative pressure in the gap, and after reducing the negative pressure in the at least one chamber, removing the arrangement of cover and pad with the arranged therebetween
  • Fiber composite structure from the vacuum chamber device Fiber composite structure from the vacuum chamber device.
  • the pressing and consolidating takes place
  • Fiber composite structure therefore not simultaneously with the evacuation of the gap, as is done for example in the explained with reference to FIG. 1 method. Rather, the gap can first be evacuated without any compression of the fiber composite structure. This is achieved by the arrangement of cover and pad is placed with the interposed fiber composite structure in the vacuum chamber means, and of the
  • Vacuum chamber device formed (s) chamber (s) are also evacuated, namely zeitgeich with or (partially) in time before the evacuation of the gap. Due to the resulting negative pressure state in the / the chamber (s) of the vacuum device is prevented so that a pressure difference at the
  • Fiber composite structure trapped air can thus easier from the
  • Fiber composite structure was vented, the negative pressure in / in the
  • Chamber (s) of the vacuum chamber device degraded for example, by air from the environment with the prevailing ambient pressure in the chamber (s) of the vacuum chamber device is flowed, while maintaining the prevailing in the space vacuum state is maintained.
  • the cover and pad assembly may be removed from the vacuum chamber assembly while still maintaining vacuum in the space to be placed in the range of radiation sources for heating the fiber composite structure where the fiber composite structure is heated to the melting temperature of the polymer under the action of the cover pressing against the pad
  • Vacuum chamber device is made to allow the simplest possible handling of the process. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to heat the
  • the cover is initially spaced above the vacuum chamber means.
  • Fiber composite structure positioned.
  • the cover and / or the base are preferably designed as a radiation-transparent element or comprise these, in particular formed as a glass plate or a glass ceramic plate or include these.
  • the cover and / or the underlay should in particular be designed to be transparent for UV radiation, infrared radiation, laser radiation and / or microwave radiation.
  • the vacuum chamber means may preferably comprise a first chamber cover on which the pad may be positioned such that the first vacuum chamber cover extends below the pad, forming a first chamber between the first chamber cover and the pad, further comprising a seal between the first chamber cover and the pad is provided, in particular a sealing element to seal the first chamber to the environment, and more preferably a passage is provided, in particular a pipe section, which allows to connect the chamber with a vacuum pump for generating the negative pressure in the first Chamber.
  • the sealing element provided between the base and the cover encloses a first active area
  • the sealing element provided between the first chamber cover and the cover encloses a second active area
  • the second effective area is larger than the first effective area.
  • the vacuum chamber device a second
  • a chamber cover which can be positioned on the cover, so that the second chamber cover extends above the cover, wherein a second chamber between the second chamber cover and the cover is formed, wherein further a seal between the second Kammerabd corner and the cover is provided, in particular a
  • Sealing element to seal the second chamber to the environment, and more preferably a passage is provided, in particular a
  • Pipe section which allows to connect the chamber with a vacuum pump for generating the negative pressure in the second chamber.
  • the sealing element provided between the base and the cover encloses a first active area
  • the sealing element provided between the first chamber cover and the base encloses a second active area
  • the second effective area is larger than the first
  • Effective area is. Particularly preferably, it can be provided that the second active area is greater than the first effective area by an amount that is dimensioned for a given pressure state upon partial or complete evacuation of the gap and the chamber formed between the first chamber cover and the pad is, results in a resultant force, which is preferably directed away from the fiber composite structure.
  • the sealing element provided between the base and the cover encloses a first active area
  • the sealing element provided between the second chamber cover and the cover encloses a second active area
  • the second effective area is larger than the first effective area.
  • the second effective area is greater than the first effective area by an amount which is such that for a given pressure state upon partial or complete evacuation of the gap and the chamber formed between the second chamber cover and the cover is a resultant force which compensates for the weight force exerted by the cover.
  • first chamber cover and the second chamber cover are kept at a predefined distance from one another during the generation of a negative pressure in the chambers. This can be particularly preferably carried out by appropriately sized bolts or spacers formed and between the first
  • Chamber cover and the second chamber cover are arranged, which support the second chamber cover on and opposite the first chamber cover.
  • retaining elements may be provided which respectively hold the first and second chamber covers in a predetermined position relative to, for example, a device frame and indirectly hold the first and second chamber covers relative to each other in position and at a predetermined distance.
  • the vacuum chamber means may be formed as a vacuum housing into which the cover and pad assembly with the fiber composite structure interposed therebetween may be inserted, the vacuum housing forming a chamber surrounding the inserted cover and pad assembly with the fiber composite structure therebetween. wherein more preferably a passage is provided, in particular a pipe section, which allows to connect the chamber with a vacuum pump for generating the negative pressure in the chamber.
  • the seal can be carried out in each case by means of a sealing element, in particular an elastic ring seal.
  • the intermediate space and the at least one chamber can each be connected to a same vacuum pump.
  • separate vacuum pumps may be provided for the intermediate space and the at least one chamber, more preferably the vacuum pumps being controlled and / or operated such that the pressure in the at least one chamber is less than the pressure in the intermediate space, in particular at least 1 mbar. 2 mbar, 5 mbar or 10 mbar is less than the pressure in the intermediate space.
  • thermoelastic polymer comprising a plate-shaped pad; a plate-shaped cover; a sealing member for displaceably sealing the cover with respect to the pad; at least one radiation source for Generation of electromagnetic radiation for heating the
  • Fiber composite structure by means of electromagnetic radiation at least up to the range of the melting temperature of the at least one thermoplastic and / or thermoelastic polymer; and a vacuum pump for generating a
  • the apparatus further comprises a vacuum chamber device into which the cover and pad assembly with the fiber composite structure interposed therebetween may be inserted, the vacuum chamber device forming at least one chamber sealing the cover and / or pad against the environment, the device being operable is in the at least one chamber before and / or simultaneously with the generation of the negative pressure in the
  • the device may preferably be suitable for carrying out a method as described above.
  • Fiber composite structure occupied record or the base to
  • the cover and pad assembly with the fiber composite structure interposed therebetween into the vacuum chamber means to introduce, in the at least one chamber and in the intermediate space to generate the negative pressure, after reaching a Ziei umans in the intermediate space, the negative pressure in the at least one chamber below
  • To move vacuum chamber means to move the base and the cover with the interposed fiber composite structure to the heating station, in the heating station, the fiber composite structure by means of the at least one radiation source at least up to the range of the melting temperature of the at least one
  • thermoplastic and / or thermoelastic polymer wherein the vacuum in the space consolidates the softened fiber composite structure between the cover and the substrate; after consolidation, the underlay and the cover with the more consolidated one placed between them
  • the cooling station can have a first and a second cooling plate, wherein for cooling the arrangement of base, cover and the fiber composite structure placed therebetween can be arranged on the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate can be lowered onto the arrangement of base, cover and the interposed fiber composite structure can. Due to the direct contact with the cooling plates can be a good heat conduction and thus an efficient
  • the first and the second cooling plate can work as press plates of a press, in this way, a predetermined pressing pressure on the arrangement of pad, cover and placed therebetween
  • Said system is preferably arranged to carry out a method as described above.
  • Fig. 1 shows a method for consolidating a
  • FIGS. 2A to 2D show an apparatus and method for consolidating a fiber composite structure according to a first embodiment
  • Fig. 3 shows an apparatus for consolidating a
  • Fiber composite structure according to a second embodiment
  • Fig. 4 shows an apparatus for consolidating a
  • Figs. 5A to 5B are explanatory of the effect of different ones of Figs.
  • FIGS. 2A to 2D a method for consolidating a fiber composite structure 10 according to a first preferred embodiment will be described
  • a fiber composite structure 10 pre-impregnated with thermoplastic or thermoelastic polymers or staggered with such polymers in the solid, dissolved or deposited state is formed on one
  • a plate-shaped pad 20 is arranged.
  • the pad 20 and the cover 30 are each formed of a permeable to electromagnetic radiation, in particular infrared radiation, and heat-resistant material.
  • the base 20 and the cover 30 are each formed as plates made of glass or a glass ceramic.
  • the cover 30 and the pad 20 may each be formed as rectangular glass plates having a width of 500 mm, 1000 mm, 1500 mm, 2000 mm or more, and a length of 1000 mm, 1500 mm, 2000 mm, 2500 mm or more ,
  • the thickness of the glass plate may be, for example, 2 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm or more.
  • FIG. 2A shows by way of example that two support frame elements 21 and 31 are respectively arranged on the cover 30 and the base 20.
  • lateral projections, recesses or the like may be provided on the support frame 31, which allow corresponding hooks or other holding elements (not shown) Support frame 31, and thus the
  • Cover 30 can engage. If a glass plate is used in each case for the cover 30 and / or the base 20, the glass plate can be firmly connected, for example, by gluing to the corresponding support elements 21, 31. Other types of attachment, such as screwing, or terminals in a groove, which is provided in a support member 21, 31, and which includes the glass plate on both sides and jammed, are also conceivable.
  • Fig. 2A also designed as a pipe section 61 passage is shown, which extends through the support member 31 therethrough.
  • this pipe section 61 can, as described in more detail below, the
  • the cover 30 can be placed directly on the base 20, or arranged on the base 20 fiber composite structure 10. However, preference may be given Support elements (not shown) are provided, for example in the form of elastically compressible spacers, as dimensioned accordingly
  • the assembly of pad 20, cover 30, and fiber composite structure 10 disposed therebetween may be placed in a vacuum chamber as shown with reference to FIG. 2B.
  • the vacuum chamber device is formed by a first chamber cover 40 and a second chamber cover 50.
  • the first chamber cover 40 extends below the base 20, wherein the base 20 and the support frame member 21 of the pad 20 rests on the first chamber cover 40, so that a first chamber K1 between the first chamber cover 40 and the pad 20 is formed.
  • Sealing element 41 is provided, which is arranged between the first chamber cover 40 and the base 20 and the support frame member 21 of the base 20 to seal the first chamber K1 from the environment.
  • the second chamber cover 50 extends above the cover 30, with the second chamber cover 50 resting on the cover 30 and the support frame member 31 of the cover 30, respectively, so that a second chamber K2 is formed between the second chamber cover 50 and the cover 30.
  • Sealing member 51 is provided, which is disposed between the second chamber cover 50 and the cover 30 and the support frame member 31 of the cover 30 to seal the second chamber K2 from the environment.
  • the first and second chamber covers 40, 50 may each be formed as steel or aluminum plates.
  • Spacer elements are provided, which may be formed, for example, as appropriately sized bolts or spacers and arranged along the lateral periphery of the chamber cover 50, which support the second chamber cover 50 and against the first chamber cover 40. Other forms of support and / or retention of the chamber cover 50 with respect to the chamber cover 40 are also possible.
  • the pipe section 61 is connected to a vacuum pump 65 via a valve V1 and via another pipe section 64.
  • a valve V1 Through the first and second chamber covers 40, 50 through passages are also formed as a pipe sections 62, 63, which are also connected via respective valves V2, V3 to the pipe section 64 and via this with the vacuum pump 65.
  • the pipe sections 62, 63 can each be brought into communication with the ambient air via further valves V4, V5.
  • valves V4, V5 are or are closed at this stage, and the valves V1 to V3 are closed to evacuate and exhaust the air contained in the space Z and those in the chambers K1 and K2 through the vacuum pump 65, respectively.
  • the valves V1 to V3 are closed to evacuate and exhaust the air contained in the space Z and those in the chambers K1 and K2 through the vacuum pump 65, respectively.
  • Gap Z is generated in this way a negative pressure state.
  • the chamber covers 40, 50 Due to the stable design of the chamber covers 40, 50 as steel or aluminum plates, these can withstand the outside pressure alone attacking ambient, without deforming.
  • the support and / or support of the second chamber cover 50 with respect to the first chamber cover 40 further prevents the second chamber cover 50 is moved relative to the first chamber cover 40 and pressed onto it. It therefore does not come to one
  • Pipe sections 61, 62, 63, 64 is in communication with the chambers K1 and K2, is formed in the intermediate space Z and in the chambers K1 and K2 each a negative pressure state with substantially the same pressure. It will therefore not be one of the chamber K1 in the direction of the fiber composite structure 10 directed surface pressure is exerted on the substrate 20, and there is no directed from the chamber K2 in the direction of the fiber composite structure 10 surface pressure on the cover 30 is applied.
  • Essentially non-porous laminate can be consolidated.
  • a desired negative pressure state for example a desired target pressure of 10 mbar or 5 mbar
  • the valves V2 and V3 are closed, so that the pipe sections 62, 63 are separated from the vacuum pump 65.
  • the valves V4, V5 are opened to allow air from the environment to flow into the chambers K1 and K2. Consequently, in the chambers K1 and K2, a pressure level is established which corresponds to the atmospheric pressure of the environment, and a corresponding pressure difference results to the intermediate space Z, which is still in negative pressure.
  • the air pressure prevailing in the chamber K1 exerts a force on the base 20 and the air pressure prevailing in the chamber K2 exerts a force on the cover 30, so that the cover 30 is moved relative to the base 20 and the
  • Fiber composite structure 10 between the cover 30 and the pad 20 is pressed and compressed, as symbolized in Fig. 2C.
  • the arrangement of the base 20, cover 30 and fiber composite structure 10 arranged therebetween can, while the negative pressure in the space Z continues to exist, escape from the
  • Vacuum chamber means are removed and arranged in the region of radiation sources 14 for heating the fiber composite structure 10, as shown in Fig. 2D.
  • radiation sources 14 may be provided, which are arranged above the cover 30 and below the base 20, and which are adapted to electromagnetic radiation for heating the
  • the radiation sources 14 are preferably designed as infrared light sources.
  • the radiation source 14 arranged below the base 20 may optionally also be arranged in the support structure (not shown) for the base 20.
  • the radiation sources 14 are designed as area radiators, which irradiate the cover 30 and / or the base 20 substantially over the whole area and with substantially the same area-related radiation density.
  • the polymer contained in the fiber composite structure 10 is now molten and can, under the influence of the compressive pressure of the cover 30 and pad 20, flow into any remaining cavities and fill them. After compressed in this way, the fiber composite structure 10 and a
  • Laminate also referred to as Tailored Blank
  • the cover 30 can be opened. This can be done easily by the vacuum or the negative pressure in the
  • the method may preferably be carried out in a plant (not shown) for consolidating a fiber composite structure 10 having a loading / unloading station, a heating station and a cooling station.
  • the underlay 20 can be made accessible, for example, to an operator so that the operator can place a fiber composite structure 10, such as a tape-laying tape laying method, on the underlay 20.
  • the cover 30 is placed on or above the support 20 via a support provided in the system, which can engage the support frame of the cover 30, for example, so that the fiber composite structure 10 as described above with reference to FIG. 2A continues to be described by means of the sealing device 15 sealed gap Z is located.
  • the backing 20 may then be moved, together with the fiber composite structure 10 thereon and the cover 30 also disposed above, to the heating station where the fiber composite structure 10 of FIG
  • Radiation sources 14 is irradiated and heated, for example, to a temperature in the range between 200 and 400 ° C, depending on the impregnating polymer until the core of the fiber composite structure 10 is molten.
  • a lifting table is arranged, which is preferably formed with a flat table surface to lift the pad 20 from a (not shown) conveyor, which ensures the transport in the system, and so in a well-defined To spend position.
  • Fiber composite structure 10 moves to the cooling station.
  • a first cooling plate for example in the form of a cooling table, can be provided, on which the base 20 is deposited, or which can be lifted to be brought into contact with the base 20.
  • a second cooling plate may be provided, which from above in contact with the
  • the first cooling plate or cooling table may lift the pad 20 until the cover 30 is brought into contact with the second cooling plate.
  • the cover 30 and the base 20, and indirectly the fiber composite structure 10 are cooled, for example, until the fiber composite structure 10 is cooled in the core to a temperature below 150 ° C, preferably below 100 C and the impregnating polymer solidifies.
  • the first and the second cooling plate can work as press plates of a press, in such a way to exert a predetermined pressing pressure on the arrangement of base 20, cover 30 and the fiber composite structure 10 placed therebetween.
  • a press in such a way to exert a predetermined pressing pressure on the arrangement of base 20, cover 30 and the fiber composite structure 10 placed therebetween.
  • the entirety of the base 20, cover 30 and fiber composite structure 10 pressed therebetween can be moved to the loading / unloading station, in which the cover 30 can be lifted and the operator can remove the fiber composite structure 10 that has been finished to form the laminate.
  • stop pieces (not shown) between the cover 30 and the pad 20 and / or between the corresponding
  • the stop pieces are sized in height according to the target thickness of the consolidated fiber composite structure 10.
  • the stop pieces can be made for example of a metal.
  • the stop pieces are preferably formed from a temperature-resistant plastic material, in particular with low specific heat capacity. This has the advantage that these stop pieces also cool rapidly when cooling the fiber composite structure 10 and it does not come to an effect that the
  • the sealing elements 41, 51 which seal the chambers K1, K2, are placed further outward than the sealing element 15, which seals the gap Z.
  • the pressure state prevailing in the intermediate space Z acts on a relatively smaller area, namely the area delimited by the sealing element 15 lying further inside, than the pressure state prevailing in the chambers K1, K2 (in particular with the same pressure) each acts on the surface which acts from the further outwardly disposed sealing elements 41, 51.
  • On the respective outer surface of the sealing elements 15, 41, 51 acts according to the ambient pressure. This will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B schematically show a sealing member 51 positioned on the cover 30 (more specifically, between the cover 30 and the second chamber cover 50, not shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B) to provide a circumferential seal.
  • FIG. 5A shows a schematic view from the side
  • Fig. 5B is a schematic top view.
  • the enclosed by the sealing element 51 surface should be referred to here as the effective area W2.
  • Effective area W2 corresponds to the areal extent of the chamber K2 in which the reduced pressure P R prevails during evacuation.
  • the effective area W2 is the area over which the reduced pressure P R in the chamber K2 acts on the cover 30.
  • a sealing member 15 positioned below the cover 30 (more specifically, between the cover 30 and the backing 20, not shown in Figs. 5A, 5B) to provide a circumferential seal.
  • the enclosed by the sealing element 15 surface should be referred to here as the effective area WZ.
  • This effective area WZ corresponds to the areal extent of the
  • the effective area WZ is the area over which the reduced pressure P R in the gap Z acts on the cover 30.
  • F res F G + W 2 * P R + (A-W 2) * Pu - WZ * P R - (A-WZ) * Pu
  • the resulting force F res is thus determined only by the area difference of the active surfaces. If the difference W2-WZ as AW and the difference between
  • AW can be determined as:
  • Cover 30 is pressed away from the fiber composite structure 10 away.
  • a corresponding embodiment can advantageously according to also be provided with respect to the sealing element 41 between the first chamber cover 40 and the pad 20.
  • Effective area difference AW it can be achieved that acts on the cover 30 and the pad 20 respectively due to the different surface pressure forces a resultant force F res , which pushes the cover 30 and the pad 20 respectively away from the fiber composite structure 10 and thus additionally counteracts compression , This is advantageous because this way an improved
  • Extraction of trapped air from the fiber composite structure 10 can be achieved.
  • vacuum pump 65 which is connected to the
  • Gap Z is connected and this sucks, and a second vacuum pump 65, which is connected to the chambers K1 and K2 and sucks them together. It is also conceivable to provide a separate vacuum pump 65 for each of the chambers K1, K2.
  • the different vacuum pumps 65 can now advantageously be operated, in particular controlled and / or regulated, so that different pressure states occur in the intermediate space Z and the chambers K1, K2. In particular, it can be specified, for example, that the pressure in the intermediate space Z is at least 1 mbar, 2 mbar, 5 mbar or 10 mbar greater than the pressure in the chambers K1, K2.
  • the underlay 20 can preferably be formed with a greater material thickness, for example at least twice as thick as the cover 30, and / or with a minimum thickness depending on the material used and the surface of the underlay 20, with sufficient rigidity against bending to achieve due to the vacuum to be produced in the intermediate space Z.
  • provision may be made to provide a vacuum housing 67 into which the pad 20 and the cover 30 are completely inserted such that the vacuum housing 67 is the cover 30, pad 20 assembly and interposed fiber composite structure 10 completely enveloped.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé servant à consolider une structure composite renforcée par des fibres (10) comprenant au moins un polymère thermoplastique et/ou thermoélastique. Le procédé selon l'invention comprend les étapes consistant à agencer la structure composite renforcée par des fibres (10) entre un support (20) en forme de panneau et un recouvrement (30) en forme de panneau ; réchauffer la structure composite renforcée par des fibres (10) jusque dans la plage de la température de fusion du polymère ; et générer une dépression dans l'espace intermédiaire (Z) entre le support (20) et le recouvrement (30) de sorte que la pression ambiante pousse le recouvrement (30) contre le support (20) et la structure composite renforcée par des fibres (10) est comprimée entre le recouvrement (30) et le support (20). Le procédé comprend par ailleurs les étapes consistant à : introduire l'ensemble composé du recouvrement (30) et du support (20) avec la structure composite renforcée par des fibres (10) intercalée dans un dispositif à chambre sous vide qui forme au moins une chambre (K1, K2, K3) ; générer une dépression dans la ou les chambres (K1, K2, K3) avant et/ou simultanément avec la génération de la dépression dans l'espace intermédiaire (Z) après qu'une pression théorique a été atteinte dans l'espace intermédiaire (Z) ; supprimer la dépression dans la ou les chambres (K1, K2, K3) en conservant la dépression dans l'espace intermédiaire (Z) ; et retirer l'ensemble composé du recouvrement (30) et du support (20) avec la structure composite renforcée par des fibres (10) intercalée hors du dispositif à chambre sous vide.
PCT/EP2018/078481 2017-10-19 2018-10-18 Procédé et dispositif servant à consolider des structures composites renforcées par des fibres Ceased WO2019077017A1 (fr)

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DE102017124426.3A DE102017124426A1 (de) 2017-10-19 2017-10-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Konsolidieren von Faserverbundstrukturen

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DE102020111761A1 (de) 2020-04-30 2021-11-04 Joh. Clouth GmbH & Co KG Abstreifer für flexible Materialbahnen von einer Walze

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US5236646A (en) * 1991-02-28 1993-08-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Process for preparing thermoplastic composites
JP2008279731A (ja) * 2007-05-14 2008-11-20 Techno Polymer Co Ltd 樹脂成形方法及び樹脂成形装置
JP2011084009A (ja) * 2009-10-16 2011-04-28 Kyoshin Engineering:Kk ラミネート装置、物品処理装置及び太陽電池パネルの製造方法
US8048253B2 (en) 2007-09-26 2011-11-01 Fiberforge Corporation System and method for the rapid, automated creation of advanced composite tailored blanks
US20130099427A1 (en) * 2010-04-10 2013-04-25 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Method and device for producing a composite molded part from fiber-reinforced plastic
WO2014083196A1 (fr) 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Procédé et machine de pose destinés à la pose et à la fixation de sections de bande sur une pièce à fabriquer
DE102014004053A1 (de) 2014-03-21 2015-09-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Konsolidierung von thermoplastischen oder thermoelastischen Faserverbundstrukturen

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GB9315523D0 (en) * 1993-07-27 1993-09-08 Rolls Royce Plc A method and apparatus for controlling consolidation of a resinous prepreg laminate assenbly to produce a composite material article
US8628639B2 (en) * 2011-05-28 2014-01-14 The Boeing Company Vacuum bag processing using dual seals
EP2829387B1 (fr) * 2013-07-23 2016-09-07 Airbus Operations GmbH Matière granulée utilisée dans un procédé de moulage d'un matériau composite par voie liquide

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5236646A (en) * 1991-02-28 1993-08-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Process for preparing thermoplastic composites
JP2008279731A (ja) * 2007-05-14 2008-11-20 Techno Polymer Co Ltd 樹脂成形方法及び樹脂成形装置
US8048253B2 (en) 2007-09-26 2011-11-01 Fiberforge Corporation System and method for the rapid, automated creation of advanced composite tailored blanks
JP2011084009A (ja) * 2009-10-16 2011-04-28 Kyoshin Engineering:Kk ラミネート装置、物品処理装置及び太陽電池パネルの製造方法
US20130099427A1 (en) * 2010-04-10 2013-04-25 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Method and device for producing a composite molded part from fiber-reinforced plastic
WO2014083196A1 (fr) 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Procédé et machine de pose destinés à la pose et à la fixation de sections de bande sur une pièce à fabriquer
DE102014004053A1 (de) 2014-03-21 2015-09-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Konsolidierung von thermoplastischen oder thermoelastischen Faserverbundstrukturen

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