WO2019054591A1 - 기본 움직임 벡터를 이용하여 움직임 벡터를 부호화하는 장치 및 방법, 및 복호화 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
기본 움직임 벡터를 이용하여 움직임 벡터를 부호화하는 장치 및 방법, 및 복호화 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
- H04N19/513—Processing of motion vectors
- H04N19/517—Processing of motion vectors by encoding
- H04N19/52—Processing of motion vectors by encoding by predictive encoding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
- H04N19/513—Processing of motion vectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
- H04N19/105—Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/136—Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
- H04N19/137—Motion inside a coding unit, e.g. average field, frame or block difference
- H04N19/139—Analysis of motion vectors, e.g. their magnitude, direction, variance or reliability
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
- H04N19/523—Motion estimation or motion compensation with sub-pixel accuracy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to the field of video encoding and decoding. More particularly, this disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for encoding a motion vector of a video, and a method and apparatus for decoding.
- one picture may be divided into macroblocks for encoding an image, and each macroblock may be predictively encoded through inter prediction or intraprediction.
- Inter prediction is a method of compressing an image by eliminating temporal redundancy between pictures, and is a typical example of motion estimation encoding.
- Motion estimation coding predicts blocks of a current picture using at least one reference picture. A reference block most similar to the current block can be searched in a predetermined search range by using a predetermined evaluation function.
- the current block is predicted based on the reference block, and the residual block generated by subtracting the prediction block generated from the prediction result from the current block is encoded.
- a codec such as H.264 AVC (Advanced Video Coding) and HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding)
- H.264 AVC Advanced Video Coding
- HEVC High Efficiency Video Coding
- a method of decoding a motion vector includes: determining at least one PMV candidate block used for determining a prediction motion vector of a current block; Determining availability of a motion vector of the at least one PMV candidate block; Determining a predicted motion vector of the current block using a basic motion vector (MV) if there is a PMV candidate block judged to be unavailable; And obtaining a motion vector of the current block based on the determined predicted motion vector.
- MV basic motion vector
- the apparatus and method for encoding a motion vector and the apparatus and method for decoding a motion vector determine an accurate predicted motion vector for a current block using a basic motion vector, The quality of the reconstructed image can be improved.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an image decoding apparatus capable of decoding an image based on at least one of block type information and division type information according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an image encoding apparatus capable of encoding an image based on at least one of block type information and division type information according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a process in which at least one encoding unit is determined by dividing a current encoding unit according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a process in which at least one encoding unit is determined by dividing an encoding unit in the form of a non-square according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a process in which an encoding unit is divided based on at least one of block type information and division type information according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a method of determining a predetermined encoding unit among odd number of encoding units according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a sequence in which a plurality of encoding units are processed when a current encoding unit is divided to determine a plurality of encoding units according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a process in which, if an encoding unit can not be processed in a predetermined order according to an embodiment, it is determined that the current encoding unit is divided into odd number of encoding units.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a process in which a first encoding unit is divided according to an embodiment to determine at least one encoding unit.
- FIG. 10 illustrates that when a non-square type second coding unit determined by dividing a first coding unit according to an embodiment satisfies a predetermined condition, a form in which the second coding unit can be divided is limited .
- FIG. 11 illustrates a process in which a square-shaped encoding unit is divided when division type information can not be divided into four square-shaped encoding units according to an embodiment
- FIG. 12 illustrates that the processing order among a plurality of coding units may be changed according to a division process of a coding unit according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a process of determining the depth of an encoding unit according to a change in type and size of an encoding unit when a plurality of encoding units are determined by recursively dividing an encoding unit according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 14 illustrates a depth index (hereinafter referred to as PID) for coding unit classification and depth that can be determined according to the type and size of coding units according to an exemplary embodiment.
- PID depth index
- FIG. 15 illustrates that a plurality of coding units are determined according to a plurality of predetermined data units included in a picture according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 16 shows a processing block serving as a reference for determining a determination order of a reference encoding unit included in a picture according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 17 shows coding units that can be determined for each picture when combinations of types in which coding units can be divided according to an embodiment are different from picture to picture.
- FIG. 18 illustrates various types of coding units that can be determined based on the division type information that can be represented by a binary code according to an embodiment.
- Figure 19 shows another form of an encoding unit that can be determined based on partition type information that can be represented in binary code according to one embodiment.
- 20 is a block diagram of an image encoding and decoding system performing loop filtering.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of filtering units included in the maximum encoding unit according to an exemplary embodiment, and filtering performing information of the filtering unit.
- FIG. 22 illustrates a process of performing merge or split between coding units determined according to a predetermined coding method according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 23 shows an index according to a Z scan sequence of an encoding unit according to an embodiment.
- 24 is a diagram illustrating reference samples for intraprediction of an encoding unit according to an embodiment.
- 25 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a motion vector decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- 26 is a flowchart for explaining a motion vector decoding method according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 27 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a motion vector coding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 28 is a flowchart illustrating a motion vector coding method according to an embodiment.
- 29 is a diagram illustrating spatial blocks and temporal blocks associated with the current block.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating basic MV candidate blocks for determining a basic MV.
- 31 and 32 are diagrams illustrating PMV candidate blocks for determining a predicted motion vector.
- FIG. 33 shows a case where a minimum MVR selectable for a current block is a 1/4 pixel unit MVR, and a motion vector corresponding to 1/4 pixel unit MVR, 1/2 pixel unit MVR, 1 pixel unit MVR and 2 pixel unit MVR And the positions of the pixels that can be pointed to.
- 34 and 35 are diagrams for explaining a method of adjusting the basic MV.
- 36 is a diagram showing an exemplary syntax for explaining the process of acquiring the MVR index of the current block.
- a method of decoding a motion vector includes: determining at least one PMV candidate block used for determining a prediction motion vector of a current block; Determining availability of a motion vector of the at least one PMV candidate block; Determining a predicted motion vector of the current block using a basic motion vector (MV) if there is a PMV candidate block judged to be unavailable; And obtaining a motion vector of the current block based on the determined predicted motion vector.
- MV basic motion vector
- the decoding method of the motion vector may include determining the basic MV based on motion vectors of a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks related to the current block.
- the step of determining the basic MV includes sequentially determining whether a motion vector exists for the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks according to a priority order; And determining the basic MVs based on the motion vectors of the basic MV candidate blocks in the order in which the existence of the motion vectors is confirmed.
- the method of decoding a motion vector may further include determining a motion vector derived through a decoder side MV derivation (DMVD) as the basic MV.
- DMVD decoder side MV derivation
- the step of determining the basic MV may include changing the priority in consideration of a reference video index of the current block and a reference video index of the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks.
- the step of determining the basic MV may include determining the basic MV based on a motion vector of a basic MV candidate block having the same reference video index as the reference video index of the current block.
- the step of determining the basic MV comprises: selecting at least one basic MV candidate block based on a size of a motion vector of the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks; And determining the basic MV based on a motion vector of the selected at least one basic MV candidate block.
- the selecting of the at least one basic MV candidate block may include selecting a basic MV candidate block having a largest motion vector or a smallest motion vector among the motion vectors of the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks can do.
- the step of determining the basic MV may include determining the basic MV based on an average value or a median value of the motion vectors of the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks.
- the step of determining the basic MV may further include determining a motion vector of the basic MV candidate in the previously decoded picture, the previously decoded slice, or the basic MV candidate in the most selected position as the predicted motion vector in the previously decoded maximum coding unit, among the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks And determining the basic MV based on a motion vector of the block.
- the step of determining the basic MV may include determining a plurality of basic MVs corresponding to the respective directions from the basic MV candidate blocks located in different directions with respect to the current block.
- the plurality of basic MVs include a first basic MV and a second basic MV
- the step of determining the basic MV includes using a motion vector of a basic MV candidate block located in a first direction on the basis of the current block Determining the first basic MV and determining the second basic MV using a motion vector of a basic MV candidate block located in a second direction with respect to the current block.
- the step of determining a predicted motion vector of the current block includes the step of determining that the at least one PMV candidate block includes a PMV candidate block located in a first direction and a PMV candidate block located in a second direction based on the current block If the motion vector does not exist in the PMV candidate block located in the first direction, the first basic MV is assigned to the motion vector of the PMV candidate block located in the first direction, And determining a predicted motion vector of the current block by assigning the second basic MV to a motion vector of a PMV candidate block located in the second direction if a motion vector does not exist in the PMV candidate block.
- the decoding method of the motion vector further includes a step of determining a motion vector resolution for the current block, and the step of determining a predicted motion vector of the current block includes: And allocating the basic MV to a PMV candidate block in which the motion vector does not exist when a motion vector does not exist in the PMV candidate block determined to be used as a predictive motion vector.
- the step of determining a predicted motion vector of the current block comprises: adjusting the basic MV based on a motion vector resolution of the current block; And determining a predicted motion vector of the current block based on the adjusted basic MV.
- the step of determining a prediction motion vector of the current block comprises: constructing a prediction candidate list from a motion vector of the at least one PMV candidate block according to the determination result of the availability; If the number of prediction candidates included in the prediction candidate list is less than a predetermined number, including the basic MV in the prediction candidate list so that the number of prediction candidates is the predetermined number; And determining a prediction motion vector of the current block based on the prediction candidate included in the prediction candidate list.
- the step of determining a predicted motion vector of the current block may include allocating the basic MV to a PMV candidate block in which no motion vector is present among the at least one PMV candidate block at a predetermined position.
- An apparatus for decoding a motion vector includes a basic motion vector determination unit for determining a basic MV of a current block; And determining the availability of a motion vector of at least one PMV candidate block used to determine a predicted motion vector of the current block, and if there is a PMV candidate block determined not to be available, And a prediction decoding unit that determines a predicted motion vector of the current block and acquires a motion vector of the current block based on the determined predicted motion vector.
- a method of coding a motion vector includes: determining availability of a motion vector of at least one PMV candidate block used to determine a predicted motion vector of a current block; And determining a predicted motion vector of the current block using a basic MV if a PMV candidate block determined to be unavailable exists.
- a component represented by 'unit', 'module', or the like refers to a case where two or more components are combined into one component, or one component is divided into two or more ≪ / RTI >
- each of the components to be described below may additionally perform some or all of the functions of the other components in addition to the main functions of the component itself, and some of the main functions And may be performed entirely by components.
- an 'image' or a 'picture' may be a still image of a video or a moving image, that is, a video itself.
- sample' means data to be processed as data assigned to a sampling position of an image.
- pixel values in the image of the spatial domain, and transform coefficients on the transform domain may be samples.
- a unit including at least one of these samples may be defined as a block.
- the 'current block' may mean a block of a maximum encoding unit, an encoding unit, a prediction unit, or a conversion unit of a current image to be encoded or decoded.
- 'motion vector resolution' may refer to the precision of the position of a pixel that a motion vector determined through inter-prediction among pixels included in a reference image (or an interpolated reference image) can point to .
- the fact that the motion vector resolution has N pixels units (N is a rational number) means that the motion vector can have an accuracy of N pixels units.
- the motion vector resolution in the unit of a quarter pixel may mean that the motion vector can point to a pixel position in a quarter pixel unit (i.e., a sub-pixel unit) in the interpolated reference image, May mean that a motion vector may indicate a pixel position corresponding to one pixel unit (i.e., an integer pixel unit) in the interpolated reference picture.
- 'candidate motion vector resolution' means at least one motion vector resolution that can be selected as a motion vector resolution of a block, 'candidate block' is mapped to a candidate motion vector resolution, and prediction Means one or more blocks that can be used as a block for a motion vector.
- 'pixel unit' may be replaced with terms such as pixel accuracy, pixel accuracy, and the like.
- each of the video encoding apparatus 200 and the video decoding apparatus 100 to be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 24 includes a motion vector encoding apparatus 2700 and a motion vector decoding apparatus 2500, which will be described with reference to Figs. 25 to 36, Respectively.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an image decoding apparatus 100 capable of decoding an image based on at least one of block type information and division type information according to an embodiment.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 includes a bitstream obtaining unit 110 for obtaining predetermined information such as partition type information and block type information from a bitstream according to an embodiment, And a decoding unit 120 for decoding the image.
- the decoding unit 120 of the video decoding apparatus 100 may block At least one encoding unit for dividing an image based on at least one of information and division type information can be determined.
- the decoding unit 120 of the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the type of the encoding unit based on the block type information.
- the block type information may include information indicating whether the encoding unit is a square or a non-square.
- the decoding unit 120 may determine the type of the encoding unit using the block type information.
- the decoding unit 120 may determine what type of encoding unit is to be divided based on the division type information.
- the division type information may indicate information on the type of at least one encoding unit included in the encoding unit.
- the decoding unit 120 may determine whether the encoding unit is divided or not according to the division type information.
- the division type information may include information on at least one encoding unit included in the encoding unit. If the division type information indicates that only one encoding unit is included in the encoding unit, or indicates that the encoding unit is not divided, The decoding unit 120 may determine that the encoding unit including the division type information is not divided. When the division type information indicates that the coding unit is divided into a plurality of coding units, the decoding unit 120 may divide the coding unit into a plurality of coding units included in the coding unit based on the division type information.
- the division type information indicates whether to divide an encoding unit into a plurality of encoding units or can indicate which direction to divide.
- the division type information may indicate that division is performed in at least one of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, or may indicate that division is not performed.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a process in which the image decoding apparatus 100 determines at least one encoding unit by dividing a current encoding unit according to an embodiment.
- the block shape may include 4Nx4N, 4Nx2N, 2Nx4N, 4NxN, or Nx4N. Where N may be a positive integer.
- the block type information is information indicating at least one of a ratio, or a size, of a shape, direction, width, and height of an encoding unit.
- the shape of the encoding unit may include a square and a non-square. If the width and height of the encoding unit are the same (4Nx4N), the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the block type information of the encoding unit as a square. The image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the shape of the encoding unit as a non-square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the block type information of the encoding unit as a non-square when the lengths of the widths and heights of the encoding units are different (4Nx2N, 2Nx4N, 4NxN, or Nx4N).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 sets the width and height ratio of the block type information of the coding unit to 1: 2, 2: 1, 1: 4, 4: Or 8: 1.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 can determine whether the coding unit is the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. Further, the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the size of the encoding unit based on at least one of the width of the encoding unit, the length of the height, and the width.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the type of the encoding unit using the block type information and determine the type of the encoding unit to be divided using information on the division type mode. That is, according to which block type the block type information used by the video decoding apparatus 100 indicates, the division method of the encoding unit indicated by the information on the split mode mode can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information on the split mode mode from the bit stream. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the image decoding apparatus 100 and the image encoding apparatus 200 may acquire information on the promised split mode mode based on the block type information.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may acquire information on the promised divided mode mode for the maximum encoding unit or the minimum encoding unit. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the size of the maximum encoding unit to be 256x256.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the information about the promised division mode in advance as a quad split. Quad partitioning is a split mode mode that bisects both the width and the height of the encoding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can obtain a 128x128 encoding unit from the 256x256 maximum encoding unit based on the information on the split mode mode. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the size of the minimum encoding unit to be 4x4. The image decoding apparatus 100 can acquire information on the split mode mode indicating " not split " for the minimum encoding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use block type information indicating that the current encoding unit is a square type. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine whether to divide a square encoding unit according to information on the division mode, vertically or horizontally, or four encoding units. 3, if the block type information of the current encoding unit 300 indicates a square shape, the decoding unit 120 decodes the current encoding unit 300 and the current encoding unit 300 according to the information on the split mode mode, It is possible not to divide the coding unit 310a having the same size or to determine the divided coding units 310b, 310c and 310d based on the information on the division mode mode indicating the predetermined division method.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 includes two encoding units 310b, 320b, 320c, 320c, 320c, 320c, 320c, 320c, Can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine two encoding units 310c in which the current encoding unit 300 is divided in the horizontal direction based on the information on the split mode mode indicating that the image is divided in the horizontal direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine four encoding units 310d in which the current encoding unit 300 is divided into the vertical direction and the horizontal direction based on the information on the split mode mode indicating that the image is divided into the vertical direction and the horizontal direction have.
- the division type in which the square encoding unit can be divided should not be limited to the above-mentioned form, but may include various forms in which the information on the division type mode can be represented.
- the predetermined divisional form in which the square encoding unit is divided will be described in detail by way of various embodiments below.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a process in which the image decoding apparatus 100 determines at least one encoding unit by dividing a non-square encoding unit according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use block type information indicating that the current encoding unit is a non-square format.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to divide the non-square current encoding unit according to the information on the split mode mode or not in a predetermined method.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 performs a current encoding process according to the information on the split mode mode,
- the encoding unit 410 or 460 having the same size as the unit 400 or 450 is determined or the encoding unit 420a, 420b, 430a, or 430b divided based on the information on the division mode mode indicating the predetermined division method , 430c, 470a, 470b, 480a, 480b, 480c.
- the predetermined division method in which the non-square coding unit is divided will be described in detail through various embodiments.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a type in which a coding unit is divided using information on a division type mode.
- information on the division type mode may include at least one Lt; / RTI > can be represented by the number of encoding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 performs a current encoding
- the unit 400 or 450 may be divided to determine two encoding units 420a, 420b, or 470a and 470b included in the current encoding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the non- The current encoding unit can be divided in consideration of the position of the long side of the current encoding unit (400 or 450). For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the current encoding unit 400 or 450 in the direction of dividing the long side of the current encoding unit 400 or 450 in consideration of the shape of the current encoding unit 400 or 450 So that a plurality of encoding units can be determined.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 when the information on the split mode mode indicates that an encoding unit is divided into an odd number of blocks (tri-split), the video decoding apparatus 100 includes the current encoding unit 400 or 450 An odd number of encoding units can be determined. For example, when the information on the split mode mode indicates that the current encoding unit 400 or 450 is divided into three encoding units, the video decoding apparatus 100 encodes the current encoding unit 400 or 450 into three encodings Can be divided into units 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, and 480c.
- the ratio of the width and height of the current encoding unit 400 or 450 may be 4: 1 or 1: 4. If the ratio of width to height is 4: 1, the length of the width is longer than the length of the height, so the block type information may be horizontal. If the ratio of width to height is 1: 4, the block type information may be vertical because the length of the width is shorter than the length of the height.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine to divide the current encoding unit into odd number blocks based on the information on the split mode mode. The image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the division direction of the current encoding unit 400 or 450 based on the block type information of the current encoding unit 400 or 450.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the encoding units 430a, 430b, and 430c by dividing the current encoding unit 400 in the horizontal direction. Also, when the current encoding unit 450 is in the horizontal direction, the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the encoding units 480a, 480b, and 480c by dividing the current encoding unit 450 in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an odd number of encoding units included in the current encoding unit 400 or 450, and the sizes of the determined encoding units may not be the same. For example, the size of a predetermined encoding unit 430b or 480b among the determined odd number of encoding units 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, and 480c is different from the size of the other encoding units 430a, 430c, 480a, and 480c .
- an encoding unit that can be determined by dividing the current encoding unit (400 or 450) may have a plurality of types of sizes, and an odd number of encoding units (430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, 480c) May have different sizes.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine an odd number of encoding units included in the current encoding unit 400 or 450 Further, the image decoding apparatus 100 may limit the encoding unit of at least one of odd number of encoding units generated by division.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 includes a coding unit 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, and 480c, which are generated by dividing a current coding unit 400 or 450, The decoding process for the coding units 430b and 480b may be different from the coding units 430a, 430c, 480a, and 480c.
- the coding units 430b and 480b positioned at the center are restricted so as not to be further divided unlike the other coding units 430a, 430c, 480a, and 480c, It can be limited to be divided.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a process in which the image decoding apparatus 100 divides an encoding unit based on at least one of information on a block type information and a division mode mode according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines whether to divide or not divide the square-shaped first coding unit 500 into coding units based on at least one of information on the block type information and the information on the division mode mode .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first encoding unit 500 in the horizontal direction, 2 encoding unit 510, as shown in FIG.
- the first encoding unit, the second encoding unit, and the third encoding unit used according to an embodiment are terms used to understand the relation before and after the division between encoding units.
- the second encoding unit can be determined, and if the second encoding unit is divided, the third encoding unit can be determined.
- the relationship between the first coding unit, the second coding unit and the third coding unit used can be understood to be in accordance with the above-mentioned characteristic.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the determined second encoding unit 510 is not divided or divided into encoding units based on at least one of the block type information and the information on the split mode mode .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 includes a second encoding unit (not shown) of a non-square shape determined by dividing a first encoding unit 500 based on at least one of information on block type information and information on a split mode 510) may be divided into at least one third encoding unit 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, or the second encoding unit 510 may not be divided.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may acquire at least one of the block type information and the information on the split mode mode and the image decoding apparatus 100 may acquire at least one of the block type information and the split mode mode
- the second encoding unit 510 may divide the first encoding unit 500 into a plurality of second encoding units of various types (for example, 510), and the second encoding unit 510 may divide the block type information and the information
- the first encoding unit 500 may be divided according to a manner in which the first encoding unit 500 is divided.
- the first encoding unit 500 is divided into the second encoding units 510 based on at least one of the block type information for the first encoding unit 500 and the information about the split mode mode 520b, 520c, and 520d (e.g., 520a, 520b, 520c, and 520d) based on at least one of the block type information on the second encoding unit 510 and the information on the split mode mode, Etc.). That is, the encoding unit may be recursively divided based on at least one of the information on the split mode mode and the block type information associated with each of the encoding units. Therefore, a square encoding unit may be determined in a non-square encoding unit, and a non-square encoding unit may be determined by dividing the square encoding unit recursively.
- predetermined encoding units for example, An encoding unit or a square-shaped encoding unit
- the square-shaped third coding unit 520b which is one of the odd-numbered third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d, may be divided in the horizontal direction and divided into a plurality of fourth coding units.
- the non-square fourth encoding unit 530b or 530d which is one of the plurality of fourth encoding units 530a, 530b, 530c, and 530d, may be further divided into a plurality of encoding units.
- the fourth encoding unit 530b or 530d in the non-square form may be divided again into odd number of encoding units.
- a method which can be used for recursive division of an encoding unit will be described later in various embodiments.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides each of the third encoding units 520a, 520b, 520c, and 520d into units of encoding based on at least one of information on the block type information and the information on the split mode mode . Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the second encoding unit 510 is not divided based on at least one of the block type information and the information on the split mode mode. The image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the non-square second encoding unit 510 into odd third encoding units 520b, 520c and 520d according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may set a predetermined restriction on a predetermined third encoding unit among odd numbered third encoding units 520b, 520c, and 520d. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may limit the number of encoding units 520c located in the middle among odd numbered third encoding units 520b, 520c, and 520d to no longer be divided, or be divided into a set number of times .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 includes an encoding unit (not shown) located in the middle among odd third encoding units 520b, 520c, and 520d included in the second encoding unit 510 in the non- 520c may not be further divided or may be limited to being divided into a predetermined division form (for example, divided into four coding units only or divided into a form corresponding to a form in which the second coding units 510 are divided) (For example, dividing only n times, n > 0).
- a predetermined division form for example, divided into four coding units only or divided into a form corresponding to a form in which the second coding units 510 are divided
- the above restriction on the coding unit 520c positioned at the center is merely an example and should not be construed to be limited to the above embodiments and the coding unit 520c positioned at the center is not limited to the coding units 520b and 520d Quot;), < / RTI > which can be decoded differently.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may acquire at least one of the block type information and the division type mode information used for dividing the current encoding unit at a predetermined position in the current encoding unit.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a method by which the image decoding apparatus 100 determines a predetermined encoding unit among odd number of encoding units according to an embodiment.
- At least one of the block type information of the current encoding units 600 and 650 and the information of the split mode mode is a sample of a predetermined position among a plurality of samples included in the current encoding units 600 and 650 For example, samples 640 and 690 positioned in the middle).
- the predetermined position in the current encoding unit 600 in which at least one of the block type information and the information on the split mode mode can be obtained should not be limited to the middle position shown in FIG. 6, It should be understood that various positions (e.g., top, bottom, left, right, top left, bottom left, top right, or bottom right, etc.) that may be included in unit 600 may be included.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the current encoding unit is divided or not divided into the encoding units of various types and sizes by acquiring at least one of the block type information obtained from the predetermined position and the information on the division mode mode .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may select one of the encoding units.
- the method for selecting one of the plurality of encoding units may be various, and description of these methods will be described later in various embodiments.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current encoding unit into a plurality of encoding units and determine a predetermined encoding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use information indicating the positions of odd-numbered encoding units in order to determine an encoding unit located in the middle among odd-numbered encoding units. 6, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the current encoding unit 600 or the current encoding unit 650 into odd number of encoding units 620a, 620b, 620c or odd number of encoding units 660a, 660b, and 660c. The image decoding apparatus 100 may use the information on the positions of the odd-numbered encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c or the odd-numbered encoding units 660a, 660b, and 660c, (660b).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the positions of the encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c based on information indicating the positions of predetermined samples included in the encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c,
- the encoding unit 620b located in the encoding unit 620b can be determined.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 encodes the encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c based on information indicating the positions of the upper left samples 630a, 630b, and 630c of the encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c,
- the encoding unit 620b located in the center can be determined.
- Information indicating the positions of the upper left samples 630a, 630b, and 630c included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c according to one embodiment is stored in the pictures of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c Or information about the position or coordinates of the object.
- Information indicating the positions of the upper left samples 630a, 630b, and 630c included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c according to one embodiment is stored in the coding units 620a , 620b, and 620c, and the width or height may correspond to information indicating the difference between the coordinates of the encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c in the picture.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 directly uses the information on the position or the coordinates in the picture of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c or the information on the width or height of the coding unit corresponding to the difference value between the coordinates
- the encoding unit 620b located in the center can be determined.
- the information indicating the position of the upper left sample 630a of the upper coding unit 620a may indicate the coordinates (xa, ya) and the upper left sample 530b of the middle coding unit 620b May indicate the coordinates (xb, yb), and the information indicating the position of the upper left sample 630c of the lower coding unit 620c may indicate the coordinates (xc, yc).
- the video decoding apparatus 100 can determine the center encoding unit 620b using the coordinates of the upper left samples 630a, 630b, and 630c included in the encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c.
- the coding unit 620b including (xb, yb) coordinates of the sample 630b located at the center, Can be determined as a coding unit located in the middle of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c determined by dividing the current coding unit 600.
- the coordinates indicating the positions of the samples 630a, 630b and 630c in the upper left corner may indicate the coordinates indicating the absolute position in the picture
- the position of the upper left sample 630a of the upper coding unit 620a may be (Dxb, dyb), which is information indicating the relative position of the sample 630b at the upper left of the middle encoding unit 620b, and the relative position of the sample 630c at the upper left of the lower encoding unit 620c
- Information dyn (dxc, dyc) coordinates may also be used.
- the method of determining the coding unit at a predetermined position by using the coordinates of the sample as information indicating the position of the sample included in the coding unit should not be limited to the above-described method, and various arithmetic Should be interpreted as a method.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current encoding unit 600 into a plurality of encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c and may encode a predetermined one of the encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c
- the encoding unit can be selected according to the criterion. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 can select an encoding unit 620b having a different size from among the encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include (xa, ya) coordinates, which is information indicating the position of the upper left sample 630a of the upper encoding unit 620a, a sample of the upper left sample of the middle encoding unit 620b (Xc, yc) coordinates, which is information indicating the position of the lower-stage coding unit 630b and the position of the upper-left sample 630c of the lower-stage coding unit 620c, , 620b, and 620c, respectively.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 encodes the encoding units 620a and 620b using the coordinates (xa, ya), (xb, yb), (xc, yc) indicating the positions of the encoding units 620a, 620b and 620c , And 620c, respectively.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the upper encoding unit 620a as the width of the current encoding unit 600.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the height of the upper encoding unit 620a as yb-ya.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the middle encoding unit 620b as the width of the current encoding unit 600 according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the height of the middle encoding unit 620b as yc-yb.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width or height of the lower coding unit by using the width or height of the current coding unit and the width and height of the upper coding unit 620a and the middle coding unit 620b .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an encoding unit having a different size from other encoding units based on the widths and heights of the determined encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c. Referring to FIG.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit 620b as a coding unit at a predetermined position while having a size different from that of the upper coding unit 620a and the lower coding unit 620c.
- the process of determining the encoding unit having a size different from that of the other encoding units by the video decoding apparatus 100 may be the same as that of the first embodiment in which the encoding unit of a predetermined position is determined using the size of the encoding unit determined based on the sample coordinates .
- Various processes may be used for determining the encoding unit at a predetermined position by comparing the sizes of the encoding units determined according to predetermined sample coordinates.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 determines the position (xd, yd) which is the information indicating the position of the upper left sample 670a of the left encoding unit 660a and the position (xd, yd) of the sample 670b at the upper left of the middle encoding unit 660b 660b and 660c using the (xf, yf) coordinates, which is information indicating the (xe, ye) coordinate which is the information indicating the position of the right encoding unit 660c and the position of the sample 670c at the upper left of the right encoding unit 660c, Each width or height can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 encodes the encoded units 660a and 660b using the coordinates (xd, yd), (xe, ye), (xf, yf) indicating the positions of the encoding units 660a, 660b and 660c And 660c, respectively.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the left encoding unit 660a as xe-xd. The image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the height of the left encoding unit 660a as the height of the current encoding unit 650. [ According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the middle encoding unit 660b as xf-xe. The image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the height of the middle encoding unit 660b as the height of the current encoding unit 600.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the width or height of the right encoding unit 660c is less than the width or height of the current encoding unit 650 and the width and height of the left encoding unit 660a and the middle encoding unit 660b . ≪ / RTI > The image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an encoding unit having a different size from the other encoding units based on the widths and heights of the determined encoding units 660a, 660b, and 660c. Referring to FIG.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit 660b as a coding unit at a predetermined position while having a size different from that of the left coding unit 660a and the right coding unit 660c.
- the process of determining the encoding unit having a size different from that of the other encoding units by the video decoding apparatus 100 may be the same as that of the first embodiment in which the encoding unit of a predetermined position is determined using the size of the encoding unit determined based on the sample coordinates .
- Various processes may be used for determining the encoding unit at a predetermined position by comparing the sizes of the encoding units determined according to predetermined sample coordinates.
- the position of the sample to be considered for determining the position of the coding unit should not be interpreted as being limited to the left upper end, and information about the position of any sample included in the coding unit can be interpreted as being available.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can select a coding unit at a predetermined position among the odd number of coding units determined by dividing the current coding unit considering the type of the current coding unit. For example, if the current coding unit is a non-square shape having a width greater than the height, the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine a coding unit at a predetermined position along the horizontal direction. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine one of the encoding units which are located in the horizontal direction and limit the encoding unit. If the current coding unit is a non-square shape having a height greater than the width, the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine a coding unit at a predetermined position in the vertical direction. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine one of the encoding units having different positions in the vertical direction and set a restriction on the encoding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use information indicating positions of even-numbered encoding units in order to determine an encoding unit at a predetermined position among the even-numbered encoding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an even number of coding units by binary coding the current coding unit and determine a coding unit at a predetermined position by using information on the positions of the even number of coding units.
- a concrete procedure for this is omitted because it may be a process corresponding to a process of determining a coding unit of a predetermined position (e.g., the middle position) among the odd number of coding units described with reference to FIG.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 may determine the block type information stored in the sample included in the middle coding unit, Mode may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the current encoding unit 600 into a plurality of encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c based on at least one of information on the block type information and the information on the split mode mode And the encoding unit 620b located in the middle of the plurality of encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c can be determined. Furthermore, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the coding unit 620b located at the center in consideration of the position at which at least one of the block type information and the division type mode information is obtained.
- At least one of the block type information of the current encoding unit 600 and the information of the division mode mode can be obtained in the sample 640 located in the middle of the current encoding unit 600, If the current encoding unit 600 is divided into a plurality of encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c based on at least one of the information on the division mode mode and the encoding unit 620b including the sample 640, As shown in FIG.
- the information used for determining the encoding unit located in the middle should not be limited to at least one of the block type information and the information about the division mode mode, and a process of determining an encoding unit in which various types of information are located in the middle ≪ / RTI >
- predetermined information for identifying a coding unit at a predetermined position may be obtained from a predetermined sample included in a coding unit to be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 includes a plurality of encoding units 620a, 620b, and 620c that are determined by dividing a current encoding unit 600, (For example, a sample located in the middle of the current encoding unit 600) at a predetermined position in the current encoding unit 600 in order to determine an encoding unit located in the middle of the encoding unit, And at least one of information on the split mode mode may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the sample at the predetermined position in consideration of the block form of the current encoding unit 600, and the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine a plurality of A coding unit 620b including samples from which predetermined information (for example, at least one of information on the block type information and the division mode information) can be obtained from the plurality of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c So that a predetermined limit can be set.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a sample 640 located in the center of a current encoding unit 600 as a sample from which predetermined information can be obtained,
- the coding unit 100 may limit the coding unit 620b including the sample 640 to a predetermined limit in the decoding process.
- the position of the sample from which the predetermined information can be obtained should not be construed to be limited to the above-mentioned position, but may be interpreted as samples at arbitrary positions included in the encoding unit 620b to be determined for limiting.
- the position of a sample from which predetermined information can be obtained may be determined according to the type of the current encoding unit 600.
- the block type information can determine whether the current encoding unit is a square or a non-square, and determine the position of a sample from which predetermined information can be obtained according to the shape.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 may use at least one of the information on the width of the current coding unit and the information on the height to position at least one of the width and the height of the current coding unit in half The sample can be determined as a sample from which predetermined information can be obtained.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 selects one of the samples adjacent to the boundary dividing the longer side of the current encoding unit into halves by a predetermined Can be determined as a sample from which the information of < / RTI >
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the encoding unit of a predetermined position among the plurality of encoding units, Information can be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may acquire at least one of information on the block type information and the information on the division mode mode from a sample of a predetermined position included in the encoding unit,
- the plurality of coding units generated by dividing the unit may be divided using at least one of the information on the division mode and the block type information obtained from the sample at the predetermined position included in each of the plurality of the coding units.
- the coding unit can be recursively divided using at least one of the block type information obtained in the sample at the predetermined position included in each of the coding units and the information about the division mode. Since the recursive division process of the encoding unit has been described with reference to FIG. 5, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine at least one encoding unit by dividing the current encoding unit, and the order in which the at least one encoding unit is decoded is determined as a predetermined block (for example, ). ≪ / RTI >
- FIG. 7 illustrates a sequence in which a plurality of coding units are processed when the image decoding apparatus 100 determines a plurality of coding units by dividing a current coding unit according to an exemplary embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the second encoding units 710a and 710b by dividing the first encoding unit 700 in the vertical direction according to information on the block type information and the division mode,
- the second encoding units 730a and 730b may be determined by dividing the first encoding units 700a to 750c by dividing the first encoding units 700a and 750b in the horizontal direction to divide the first encoding units 700 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, , 750d can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the order in which the second encoding units 710a and 710b determined by dividing the first encoding unit 700 in the vertical direction are processed in the horizontal direction 710c .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the processing order of the second encoding units 730a and 730b determined by dividing the first encoding unit 700 in the horizontal direction as the vertical direction 730c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 processes the encoding units located in one row of the second encoding units 750a, 750b, 750c and 750d determined by dividing the first encoding unit 700 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, (For example, a raster scan order or a z scan order 750e) in which the encoding units located in the next row are processed.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may recursively divide encoding units. 7, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a plurality of encoding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d by dividing the first encoding unit 700, The determined plurality of encoding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d can be recursively divided.
- the method of dividing the plurality of encoding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d may be a method corresponding to the method of dividing the first encoding unit 700.
- the plurality of encoding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d may be independently divided into a plurality of encoding units. Referring to FIG.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the second encoding units 710a and 710b by dividing the first encoding unit 700 in the vertical direction, and can further determine the second encoding units 710a and 710b Can be determined not to divide or separate independently.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the second encoding unit 710a on the left side in the horizontal direction into the third encoding units 720a and 720b and the second encoding units 710b ) May not be divided.
- the processing order of the encoding units may be determined based on the division process of the encoding units.
- the processing order of the divided coding units can be determined based on the processing order of the coding units immediately before being divided.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the order in which the third encoding units 720a and 720b determined by dividing the second encoding unit 710a on the left side are processed independently of the second encoding unit 710b on the right side.
- the third encoding units 720a and 720b may be processed in the vertical direction 720c because the second encoding units 710a on the left side are divided in the horizontal direction and the third encoding units 720a and 720b are determined.
- the order in which the left second encoding unit 710a and the right second encoding unit 710b are processed corresponds to the horizontal direction 710c
- the right encoding unit 710b can be processed after the blocks 720a and 720b are processed in the vertical direction 720c.
- the above description is intended to explain the process sequence in which encoding units are determined according to the encoding units before division. Therefore, it should not be construed to be limited to the above-described embodiments, It should be construed as being used in various ways that can be handled independently in sequence.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a process of determining that the current encoding unit is divided into odd number of encoding units when the image decoding apparatus 100 can not process the encoding units in a predetermined order according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the current encoding unit is divided into odd number of encoding units based on the obtained block type information and information on the split mode mode.
- the first encoding unit 800 of a square shape may be divided into second non-square encoding units 810a and 810b, and the second encoding units 810a and 810b may be independently 3 encoding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the plurality of third encoding units 820a and 820b by dividing the left encoding unit 810a of the second encoding unit in the horizontal direction, and the right encoding unit 810b Can be divided into an odd number of third encoding units 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines whether or not the third encoding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e can be processed in a predetermined order and determines whether there are odd- You can decide. 8, the image decoding apparatus 100 may recursively divide the first encoding unit 800 to determine the third encoding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 may further include a first coding unit 800, a second coding unit 810a and 810b or a third coding unit 820a and 820b based on at least one of information on the block type information and the information on the division mode mode , 820c, 820d, and 820e are divided into odd number of coding units among the divided types. For example, an encoding unit located on the right of the second encoding units 810a and 810b may be divided into odd third encoding units 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- the order in which the plurality of coding units included in the first coding unit 800 are processed may be a predetermined order (for example, a z-scan order 830) 100 can determine whether the third encoding units 820c, 820d, and 820e determined by dividing the right second encoding unit 810b into odd numbers satisfy the condition that the third encoding units 820c, 820d, and 820e can be processed according to the predetermined order.
- a predetermined order for example, a z-scan order 830
- the image decoding apparatus 100 satisfies a condition that third encoding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e included in the first encoding unit 800 can be processed in a predetermined order And it is determined whether or not at least one of the widths and heights of the second encoding units 810a and 810b is divided in half according to the boundaries of the third encoding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e, .
- the third encoding units 820a and 820b which are determined by dividing the height of the left second encoding unit 810a in the non-square shape by half, can satisfy the condition.
- the boundaries of the third encoding units 820c, 820d, and 820e determined by dividing the right second encoding unit 810b into three encoding units do not divide the width or height of the right second encoding unit 810b in half ,
- the third encoding units 820c, 820d, and 820e may be determined as not satisfying the condition.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the scan order is disconnection in the case of such unsatisfactory condition and determine that the right second encoding unit 810b is divided into odd number of encoding units based on the determination result.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may limit a coding unit of a predetermined position among the divided coding units when the coding unit is divided into odd number of coding units. Since the embodiment has been described above, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a process in which the image decoding apparatus 100 determines at least one encoding unit by dividing a first encoding unit 900 according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first encoding unit 900 based on at least one of the block type information obtained through the bitstream obtaining unit 110 and the information on the split mode mode have.
- the first coding unit 900 in the form of a square may be divided into four coding units having a square form, or may be divided into a plurality of non-square coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 1 encoding unit 900 into a plurality of non-square encoding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 performs a first encoding
- the unit 900 can be divided into the second coding units 910a, 910b and 910c divided in the vertical direction as the odd number of coding units or the second coding units 920a, 920b and 920c divided in the horizontal direction .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may be configured such that the second encoding units 910a, 910b, 910c, 920a, 920b, and 920c included in the first encoding unit 900 are processed in a predetermined order And the condition is that at least one of the width and the height of the first encoding unit 900 is divided in half according to the boundaries of the second encoding units 910a, 910b, 910c, 920a, 920b, and 920c .
- the boundaries of the second encoding units 910a, 910b, and 910c which are determined by vertically dividing the first encoding unit 900 in a square shape, are divided in half by the width of the first encoding unit 900
- the first encoding unit 900 can be determined as not satisfying a condition that can be processed in a predetermined order.
- the boundaries of the second encoding units 920a, 920b, and 920c which are determined by dividing the first encoding unit 900 in the horizontal direction into the horizontal direction, can not divide the width of the first encoding unit 900 in half, 1 encoding unit 900 may be determined as not satisfying a condition that can be processed in a predetermined order.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the scan sequence is disconnection in the case of such unsatisfactory condition and determine that the first encoding unit 900 is divided into odd number of encoding units based on the determination result. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may limit a coding unit of a predetermined position among the divided coding units when the coding unit is divided into odd number of coding units. Since the embodiment has been described above, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the encoding units of various types by dividing the first encoding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a first coding unit 900 in a square form, a first coding unit 930 or 950 in a non-square form into various types of coding units .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a first encoding unit 1000 in the form of a square based on at least one of block type information and division mode information acquired through the bitstream obtaining unit 110 It may be determined to divide into non-square second encoding units 1010a, 1010b, 1020a, and 1020b.
- the second encoding units 1010a, 1010b, 1020a, and 1020b may be independently divided. Accordingly, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides or divides the image data into a plurality of encoding units based on at least one of the block type information and the division type mode information related to each of the second encoding units 1010a, 1010b, 1020a, and 1020b You can decide not to.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the left second encoding unit 1010a in a non-square form determined by dividing the first encoding unit 1000 in the vertical direction into a horizontal direction, 1012a, and 1012b.
- the right-side second encoding unit 1010b is arranged in the horizontal direction in the same manner as the direction in which the left second encoding unit 1010a is divided, As shown in Fig.
- the left second encoding unit 1010a and the right second encoding unit 1010b are arranged in the horizontal direction
- the third encoding units 1012a, 1012b, 1014a, and 1014b can be determined by being independently divided.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first encoding unit 1000 into four square-shaped second encoding units 1030a, 1030b, 1030c, and 1030d based on at least one of the block type information and the information on the split mode mode ), which may be inefficient in terms of image decoding.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides a second encoding unit 1020a or 1020b in a non-square form determined by dividing a first encoding unit 1000 in a horizontal direction into a vertical direction, (1022a, 1022b, 1024a, 1024b).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may be configured to encode the second encoding unit (for example, The encoding unit 1020b) can be restricted such that the upper second encoding unit 1020a can not be divided vertically in the same direction as the divided direction.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a process in which the image decoding apparatus 100 divides a square-shaped encoding unit when the information on the split mode mode can not be shown to be divided into four square-shaped encoding units according to an embodiment .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first encoding unit 1100 based on at least one of information on the block type information and the information on the split mode mode to generate second encoding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, and 1120b Etc.) can be determined.
- the information on the division type mode may include information on various types in which the coding unit can be divided, but information on various types may not include information for dividing into four square units of coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can not divide the first encoding unit 1100 in the square form into the second encoding units 1130a, 1130b, 1130c, and 1130d in the form of four squares .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the second encoding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, and 1120b in the non-square form based on the information on the split mode mode.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may independently divide the non-square second encoding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, and 1120b, respectively.
- Each of the second encoding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, and 1120b may be divided in a predetermined order through a recursive method, and the first encoding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, and 1120b may be divided according to at least one of the block type information, May be a division method corresponding to how the unit 1100 is divided.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the third encoding units 1112a and 1112b in the form of a square by dividing the left second encoding unit 1110a in the horizontal direction and the right second encoding unit 1110b It is possible to determine the third encoding units 1114a and 1114b in the form of a square by being divided in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the left second encoding unit 1110a and the right second encoding unit 1110b in the horizontal direction to determine the third encoding units 1116a, 1116b, 1116c, and 1116d in the form of a square have. In this case, the encoding unit can be determined in the same manner as the first encoding unit 1100 is divided into the four second square encoding units 1130a, 1130b, 1130c, and 1130d.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the third encoding units 1122a and 1122b in the form of a square by dividing the upper second encoding unit 1120a in the vertical direction, and the lower second encoding units 1120b May be divided in the vertical direction to determine the third encoding units 1124a and 1124b in the form of a square. Further, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the upper second encoding unit 1120a and the lower second encoding unit 1120b in the vertical direction to determine the square-shaped third encoding units 1126a, 1126b, 1126a, and 1126b have. In this case, the encoding unit can be determined in the same manner as the first encoding unit 1100 is divided into the four second square encoding units 1130a, 1130b, 1130c, and 1130d.
- FIG. 12 illustrates that the processing order among a plurality of coding units may be changed according to a division process of a coding unit according to an exemplary embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first encoding unit 1200 based on information on the block type information and the split mode mode.
- the block type information indicates a square shape and the information on the split mode mode indicates that the first encoding unit 1200 is divided into at least one of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction
- the unit 1200 can be divided to determine the second encoding unit (e.g., 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, 1220b, etc.). Referring to FIG.
- the non-square second encoding units 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, and 1220b which are determined by dividing the first encoding unit 1200 only in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, Can be independently divided based on information on the < / RTI >
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the second encoding units 1210a and 1210b, which are generated by dividing the first encoding unit 1200 in the vertical direction, in the horizontal direction, and outputs the third encoding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c and 1216d can be determined and the second encoding units 1220a and 1220b generated by dividing the first encoding unit 1200 in the horizontal direction are divided in the horizontal direction and the third encoding units 1226a, , 1226d. Since the process of dividing the second encoding units 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, and 1220b has been described above with reference to FIG. 11, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may process an encoding unit in a predetermined order.
- the features of the processing of the encoding unit in the predetermined order have been described in detail with reference to FIG. 7, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. 12, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides a first encoding unit 1200 of a square shape into 4 pieces of fourth encoding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, 1226d Can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may process the third encoding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d according to the form in which the first encoding unit 1200 is divided You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the generated second encoding units 1210a and 1210b in the vertical direction and divides them in the horizontal direction to determine third encoding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, and 1216d And the image decoding apparatus 100 first processes the third encoding units 1216a and 1216c included in the left second encoding unit 1210a in the vertical direction and then processes the third encoding units 1216a and 1216c included in the second right encoding unit 1210b The third encoding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, and 1216d can be processed according to the order 1217 of processing the third encoding units 1216b and 1216d in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the second encoding units 1220a and 1220b generated in the horizontal direction into vertical directions to determine the third encoding units 1226a, 1226b, 1226c and 1226d And the image decoding apparatus 100 first processes the third encoding units 1226a and 1226b included in the upper second encoding unit 1220a in the horizontal direction and then encodes the third encoding units 1226a and 1226b included in the lower second encoding unit 1220b The third encoding units 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d may be processed in accordance with an order 1227 for processing the third encoding units 1226c and 1226d in the horizontal direction.
- the second encoding units 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, and 1220b are divided to determine the third encoding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d, have.
- the second encoding units 1210a and 1210b determined to be divided in the vertical direction and the second encoding units 1220a and 1220b determined to be divided in the horizontal direction are divided into different formats, but the third encoding units 1216a , 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d, the result is that the first encoding unit 1200 is divided into the same type of encoding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 recursively divides the encoding units based on at least one of the block type information and the information on the division type mode, thereby eventually determining the same type of encoding units, A plurality of encoding units may be processed in different orders.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a process of determining the depth of an encoding unit according to a change in type and size of an encoding unit when a plurality of encoding units are determined by recursively dividing an encoding unit according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the depth of a coding unit according to a predetermined criterion.
- a predetermined criterion may be a length of a long side of a coding unit.
- the depth of the current encoding unit is smaller than the depth of the encoding unit before being divided it can be determined that the depth is increased by n.
- an encoding unit with an increased depth is expressed as a lower-depth encoding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may generate a square 1 encoding unit 1300 can be divided to determine the second encoding unit 1302, the third encoding unit 1304, etc. of the lower depth. If the size of the first encoding unit 1300 in the form of a square is 2Nx2N, the second encoding unit 1302 determined by dividing the width and height of the first encoding unit 1300 by 1/2 may have a size of NxN have.
- the third encoding unit 1304 determined by dividing the width and height of the second encoding unit 1302 by a half size may have a size of N / 2xN / 2.
- the width and height of the third encoding unit 1304 correspond to 1/4 of the first encoding unit 1300. If the depth of the first encoding unit 1300 is D, the depth of the second encoding unit 1302, which is half the width and height of the first encoding unit 1300, may be D + 1, The depth of the third encoding unit 1304, which is one fourth of the width and height of the third encoding unit 1300, may be D + 2.
- block type information indicating a non-square shape for example, block type information is' 1: NS_VER 'indicating that the height is a non-square having a width greater than the width or' 2 >
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 1310 or 1320 in a non-square form into a second coding unit 1312 or 1322 of a lower depth, The third encoding unit 1314 or 1324, or the like.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a second coding unit (for example, 1302, 1312, 1322, etc.) by dividing at least one of the width and the height of the first coding unit 1310 of Nx2N size. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the second encoding unit 1302 of NxN size or the second encoding unit 1322 of NxN / 2 size by dividing the first encoding unit 1310 in the horizontal direction, It is also possible to determine the second encoding unit 1312 of N / 2xN size by dividing it in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
- a second coding unit for example, 1302, 1312, 1322, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides at least one of a width and a height of a 2NxN first encoding unit 1320 to determine a second encoding unit (e.g., 1302, 1312, 1322, etc.) It is possible. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the second encoding unit 1302 of NxN size or the second encoding unit 1312 of N / 2xN size by dividing the first encoding unit 1320 in the vertical direction, The second encoding unit 1322 of the NxN / 2 size may be determined by dividing the image data in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
- a second encoding unit e.g. 1302, 1312, 1322, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides at least one of the width and the height of the second encoding unit 1302 of NxN size to determine a third encoding unit (for example, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.) It is possible. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the third encoding unit 1304 of N / 2xN / 2 size by dividing the second encoding unit 1302 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, or determines the third encoding unit 1304 of N / 4xN / 3 encoding unit 1314 or a third encoding unit 1324 of N / 2xN / 4 size.
- a third encoding unit for example, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide at least one of the width and the height of the second encoding unit 1312 of N / 2xN size into a third encoding unit (e.g., 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.) . That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the second encoding unit 1312 in the horizontal direction to generate a third encoding unit 1304 of N / 2xN / 2 or a third encoding unit 1324 of N / 2xN / 4 size ) Or may be divided in the vertical and horizontal directions to determine the third encoding unit 1314 of N / 4xN / 2 size.
- a third encoding unit e.g. 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides at least one of the width and the height of the second encoding unit 1322 of NxN / 2 size to generate a third encoding unit 1304, 1314, 1324, . That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the second encoding unit 1322 in the vertical direction to generate a third encoding unit 1304 of N / 2xN / 2 or a third encoding unit 1314 of N / 4xN / 2 size ) Or may be divided in the vertical and horizontal directions to determine the third encoding unit 1324 of N / 2xN / 4 size.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a square-shaped encoding unit (for example, 1300, 1302, and 1304) into a horizontal direction or a vertical direction.
- a square-shaped encoding unit for example, 1300, 1302, and 1304
- the first encoding unit 1300 having a size of 2Nx2N is divided in the vertical direction to determine a first encoding unit 1310 having a size of Nx2N or the first encoding unit 1310 having a size of 2NxN to determine a first encoding unit 1320 having a size of 2NxN .
- the depth of the encoding unit when the depth is determined based on the length of the longest side of the encoding unit, the depth of the encoding unit, which is determined by dividing the first encoding unit 1300 of 2Nx2N size in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, May be the same as the depth of the unit (1300).
- the width and height of the third encoding unit 1314 or 1324 may correspond to one fourth of the first encoding unit 1310 or 1320.
- the depth of the first coding unit 1310 or 1320 is D
- the depth of the second coding unit 1312 or 1322 which is half the width and height of the first coding unit 1310 or 1320 is D +
- the depth of the third encoding unit 1314 or 1324, which is one fourth of the width and height of the first encoding unit 1310 or 1320 may be D + 2.
- FIG. 14 illustrates a depth index (hereinafter referred to as PID) for coding unit classification and depth that can be determined according to the type and size of coding units according to an exemplary embodiment.
- PID depth index
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first encoding unit 1400 in a square form to determine various types of second encoding units. 14, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides a first encoding unit 1400 into at least one of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction according to information on a division mode mode, and outputs the second encoding units 1402a and 1402b , 1404a, 1404b, 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, 1406d. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the second encoding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, 1404b, 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, and 1406d based on the information on the split mode mode for the first encoding unit 1400 .
- the second encoding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, 1404b, 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, and 1406d which are determined according to the information on the split mode mode for the first encoding unit 1400 in the square form.
- the depth can be determined based on the length of the sides. For example, since the length of one side of the first encoding unit 1400 in the square form is the same as the length of long sides of the second encoding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, and 1404b in the non-square form, 1400) and the non-square type second encoding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, 1404b are denoted by D in the same manner.
- the length of one side of the second encoding units 1406a, 1406b, 1406c and 1406d in the form of the second encoding units 1406a, 1406b, 1406c and 1406d is 1/2 of the length of one side of the first encoding unit 1400, May be a depth of D + 1 that is one depth lower than D, which is the depth of the first encoding unit 1400.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides a first encoding unit 1410 having a height greater than a width in a horizontal direction according to information on a split mode, and generates a plurality of second encoding units 1412a and 1412b , 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides a first encoding unit 1420 of a shape whose width is longer than a height in a vertical direction according to information on a division mode, and generates a plurality of second encoding units 1422a and 1422b , 1424a, 1424b, 1424c.
- 1412b, 1414a, 1414b, 1414c. 1422a, 1422b, 1414c, 1414b, 1414c, 1414b, 1414c, 1414b, 1414c, 1414b, 1414c, 1424a, 1424b, 1424c can be determined in depth based on the length of the long side. For example, since the length of one side of the square-shaped second encoding units 1412a and 1412b is 1/2 times the length of one side of the non-square first encoding unit 1410 whose height is longer than the width, The depth of the second encoding units 1412a and 1412b of the form is D + 1 which is one depth lower than the depth D of the first encoding unit 1410 of the non-square form.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the non-square first coding unit 1410 into odd second coding units 1414a, 1414b and 1414c based on the information on the division mode mode.
- the odd number of second encoding units 1414a, 1414b and 1414c may include non-square second encoding units 1414a and 1414c and a square second encoding unit 1414b.
- the length of the long sides of the non-square type second encoding units 1414a and 1414c and the length of one side of the second encoding unit 1414b in the square form are set to 1/10 of the length of one side of the first encoding unit 1410
- the depth of the second encoding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c may be a depth of D + 1 which is one depth lower than D, which is the depth of the first encoding unit 1410.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 is connected to the first encoding unit 1420 in the form of a non-square shape whose width is longer than the height in a manner corresponding to the scheme for determining the depths of the encoding units associated with the first encoding unit 1410 The depth of the encoding units can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines an index (PID) for distinguishing the divided coding units. If the odd-numbered coding units are not the same size, The index can be determined based on the index. 14, an encoding unit 1414b positioned at the center among the odd-numbered encoding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c has the same width as other encoding units 1414a and 1414c, Lt; / RTI > 1414a and 1414c. That is, in this case, the encoding unit 1414b positioned in the middle may include two of the other encoding units 1414a and 1414c.
- PID index
- the coding unit 1414c positioned next to the coding unit 1414c may be three days in which the index is increased by two. That is, there may be a discontinuity in the value of the index.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether odd-numbered encoding units are not the same size based on the presence or absence of an index discontinuity for distinguishing between the divided encoding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether the image is divided into a specific division form based on an index value for distinguishing a plurality of coding units divided from the current coding unit. 14, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides a first coding unit 1410 of a rectangular shape whose height is longer than the width to determine an even number of coding units 1412a and 1412b or an odd number of coding units 1414a and 1414b , And 1414c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use an index (PID) indicating each coding unit in order to distinguish each of the plurality of coding units.
- the PID may be obtained at a sample of a predetermined position of each coding unit (e.g., the upper left sample).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit of a predetermined position among the coding units determined by using the index for classifying the coding unit. According to an embodiment, when the information on the division type mode for the rectangular first type encoding unit 1410 whose height is longer than the width is divided into three encoding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may encode the first encoding unit 1410 can be divided into three coding units 1414a, 1414b, 1414c. The image decoding apparatus 100 can assign an index to each of the three encoding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c. The image decoding apparatus 100 may compare the indexes of the respective encoding units in order to determine the middle encoding unit among the encoding units divided into odd numbers.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 encodes an encoding unit 1414b having an index corresponding to a middle value among the indices based on the indices of the encoding units by encoding the middle position among the encoding units determined by dividing the first encoding unit 1410 Can be determined as a unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an index based on a size ratio between coding units when the coding units are not the same size in determining the index for dividing the divided coding units .
- the coding unit 1414b generated by dividing the first coding unit 1410 is divided into coding units 1414a and 1414c having the same width as the other coding units 1414a and 1414c but different in height Can be double the height.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the image decoding apparatus 100 is divided into a plurality of encoding units including encoding units having different sizes from other encoding units. , The image decoding apparatus 100 determines that the encoding unit (for example, the middle encoding unit) at a predetermined position among the odd number of encoding units is different from the encoding unit for the odd number of encoding units and the size Can divide the current encoding unit into other forms.
- the encoding unit for example, the middle encoding unit
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an encoding unit having a different size by using an index (PID) for the encoding unit.
- PID index
- the index and the size or position of the encoding unit at a predetermined position to be determined are specific for explaining an embodiment, and thus should not be construed to be limited thereto, and various indexes, positions and sizes of encoding units can be used Should be interpreted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use a predetermined data unit in which a recursive division of an encoding unit starts.
- FIG. 15 illustrates that a plurality of coding units are determined according to a plurality of predetermined data units included in a picture according to an embodiment.
- a predetermined data unit may be defined as a unit of data in which an encoding unit starts to be recursively segmented using at least one of block type information and information on a division mode mode. That is, it may correspond to a coding unit of the highest depth used in the process of determining a plurality of coding units for dividing the current picture.
- a predetermined data unit is referred to as a reference data unit for convenience of explanation.
- the reference data unit may represent a predetermined size and shape.
- the reference encoding unit may comprise samples of MxN.
- M and N may be equal to each other, or may be an integer represented by a multiplier of 2. That is, the reference data unit may represent a square or a non-square shape, and may be divided into an integer number of encoding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current picture into a plurality of reference data units. According to an exemplary embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a plurality of reference data units for dividing a current picture into pieces using information on a division type mode for each reference data unit. The segmentation process of the reference data unit may correspond to the segmentation process using a quad-tree structure.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine in advance a minimum size that the reference data unit included in the current picture can have. Accordingly, the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine reference data units of various sizes having a size of a minimum size or more, and use at least one of the block type information and the division mode mode information based on the determined reference data unit The encoding unit can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use a square-shaped reference encoding unit 1500 or a non-square-shaped reference encoding unit 1502.
- the type and size of the reference encoding unit may include various data units (e.g., a sequence, a picture, a slice, a slice segment a slice segment, a maximum encoding unit, and the like).
- the bitstream obtaining unit 110 of the video decoding apparatus 100 obtains at least one of the information on the type of the reference encoding unit and the size of the reference encoding unit from the bitstream for each of the various data units can do.
- the process of determining at least one encoding unit included in the reference type encoding unit 1500 is described in detail in the process of dividing the current encoding unit 300 of FIG. 3, and the non- Is determined in the process of dividing the current encoding unit 400 or 450 of FIG. 4, so that a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include an index for identifying the size and type of the reference encoding unit Can be used. That is, the bitstream obtaining unit 110 obtains a predetermined condition (for example, a size of a slice or less) of the various data units (for example, a sequence, a picture, a slice, a slice segment, Data unit), it is possible to obtain only an index for identification of the size and type of the reference encoding unit for each slice, slice segment, maximum encoding unit, and the like.
- a predetermined condition for example, a size of a slice or less
- the various data units for example, a sequence, a picture, a slice, a slice segment, Data unit
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the size and shape of the reference data unit for each data unit satisfying the predetermined condition by using the index.
- the information on the type of the reference encoding unit and the information on the size of the reference encoding unit are obtained from the bitstream for each relatively small data unit and used, the use efficiency of the bitstream may not be good. Therefore, Information on the size of the reference encoding unit and information on the size of the reference encoding unit can be acquired and used. In this case, at least one of the size and the type of the reference encoding unit corresponding to the index indicating the size and type of the reference encoding unit may be predetermined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 selects at least one of the size and the type of the reference encoding unit in accordance with the index, thereby obtaining at least one of the size and the type of the reference encoding unit included in the data unit, You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use at least one reference encoding unit included in one maximum encoding unit. That is, the maximum encoding unit for dividing an image may include at least one reference encoding unit, and the encoding unit may be determined through a recursive division process of each reference encoding unit. According to an exemplary embodiment, at least one of the width and the height of the maximum encoding unit may correspond to at least one integer multiple of the width and height of the reference encoding unit. According to an exemplary embodiment, the size of the reference encoding unit may be a size obtained by dividing the maximum encoding unit n times according to a quadtree structure.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the reference encoding unit by dividing the maximum encoding unit n times according to the quad tree structure, and determine the reference encoding unit as the block type information and the information about the split mode Based on at least one of them.
- FIG. 16 shows a processing block serving as a reference for determining a determination order of a reference encoding unit included in a picture 1600 according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine at least one processing block for dividing a picture.
- the processing block is a data unit including at least one reference encoding unit for dividing an image, and at least one reference encoding unit included in the processing block may be determined in a specific order. That is, the order of determination of at least one reference encoding unit determined in each processing block may correspond to one of various kinds of order in which the reference encoding unit can be determined, and the reference encoding unit determination order determined in each processing block May be different for each processing block.
- the order of determination of the reference encoding unit determined for each processing block is a raster scan, a Z scan, an N scan, an up-right diagonal scan, a horizontal scan a horizontal scan, and a vertical scan. However, the order that can be determined should not be limited to the scan orders.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information on the size of the processing block and determine the size of the at least one processing block included in the image.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information on the size of the processing block from the bitstream to determine the size of the at least one processing block included in the image.
- the size of such a processing block may be a predetermined size of a data unit represented by information on the size of the processing block.
- the bitstream obtaining unit 110 of the video decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information on the size of the processing block from the bitstream for each specific data unit.
- information on the size of a processing block can be obtained from a bitstream in units of data such as an image, a sequence, a picture, a slice, a slice segment, and the like. That is, the bitstream obtaining unit 110 may obtain information on the size of the processing block from the bitstream for each of the plurality of data units, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may use the obtained information on the size of the processing block
- the size of the at least one processing block to be divided may be determined, and the size of the processing block may be an integer multiple of the reference encoding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the sizes of the processing blocks 1602 and 1612 included in the picture 1600.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 can determine the size of the processing block based on information on the size of the processing block obtained from the bitstream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may be configured such that the horizontal size of the processing blocks 1602 and 1612 is four times the horizontal size of the reference encoding unit, four times the vertical size of the reference encoding unit, You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an order in which at least one reference encoding unit is determined in at least one processing block.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 may determine each processing block 1602, 1612 included in the picture 1600 based on the size of the processing block, and may include in the processing blocks 1602, 1612 The determination order of at least one reference encoding unit is determined.
- the determination of the reference encoding unit may include determining the size of the reference encoding unit according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information on a determination order of at least one reference encoding unit included in at least one processing block from a bitstream, So that the order in which at least one reference encoding unit is determined can be determined.
- the information on the decision order can be defined in the order or direction in which the reference encoding units are determined in the processing block. That is, the order in which the reference encoding units are determined may be independently determined for each processing block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information on a determination order of a reference encoding unit from a bitstream for each specific data unit.
- the bitstream obtaining unit 110 may obtain information on a determination order of a reference encoding unit from a bitstream for each data unit such as an image, a sequence, a picture, a slice, a slice segment, and a processing block. Since the information on the determination order of the reference encoding unit indicates the reference encoding unit determination order in the processing block, the information on the determination order can be obtained for each specific data unit including an integer number of processing blocks.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine at least one reference encoding unit based on the determined order according to an embodiment.
- the bitstream obtaining unit 110 may obtain information on a reference encoding unit determination order from the bitstream as information related to the processing blocks 1602 and 1612, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain It is possible to determine the order of determining at least one reference encoding unit included in the processing blocks 1602 and 1612 and determine at least one reference encoding unit included in the picture 1600 according to the determination order of the encoding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a determination order 1604 and 1614 of at least one reference encoding unit associated with each of the processing blocks 1602 and 1612.
- the reference encoding unit determination order associated with each processing block 1602, 1612 may be different for each processing block. If the reference encoding unit determination order 1604 related to the processing block 1602 is a raster scan order, the reference encoding unit included in the processing block 1602 can be determined according to the raster scan order. On the other hand, when the reference encoding unit determination order 1614 related to the other processing block 1612 is a reverse order of the raster scan order, the reference encoding unit included in the processing block 1612 can be determined according to the reverse order of the raster scan order.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may decode the determined at least one reference encoding unit according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can decode an image based on the reference encoding unit determined through the above-described embodiment.
- the method of decoding the reference encoding unit may include various methods of decoding the image.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain block type information indicating a type of a current encoding unit or information on a split mode mode indicating a method of dividing a current encoding unit from a bitstream.
- Information about the block type information or the split mode mode may be included in a bitstream related to various data units.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 may include a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, a video parameter set, a slice header, a slice segment header slice block type information included in the segment header or information on the split mode mode can be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a syntax element corresponding to information on the maximum encoding unit, the reference encoding unit, the block format information from the bit stream, or the split format mode for each processing block from the bit stream and use the syntax element.
- FIG. 17 shows coding units that can be determined for each picture when combinations of types in which coding units can be divided according to an embodiment are different from picture to picture.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a combination of division types in which a coding unit can be divided for each picture differently.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 may include a picture 1700 that can be divided into four coding units out of at least one pictures included in the video, a picture 1710 that can be divided into two or four coding units ) And a picture 1720 that can be divided into two, three, or four encoding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use only division type information indicating that the picture 1700 is divided into four square encoding units in order to divide the picture 1700 into a plurality of encoding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use only division type information indicating division into two or four coding units in order to divide the picture 1710.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use only division type information indicating division into two, three or four coding units in order to divide the picture 1720. [ Since the combination of divisional types described above is merely an example for explaining the operation of the video decoding apparatus 100, the combination of the divisional types described above should not be construed to be limited to the above embodiments, It should be understood that combinations of shapes can be used.
- the bitstream obtaining unit 110 of the video decoding apparatus 100 may convert a bitstream including an index indicating a combination of division type information into a predetermined data unit (e.g., a sequence, a picture, a slice, ).
- a predetermined data unit e.g., a sequence, a picture, a slice,
- the bitstream obtaining unit 110 may obtain an index indicating a combination of segment type information in a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, or a slice header .
- the video decoding apparatus 100 of the video decoding apparatus 100 can determine a combination of division types in which a coding unit can be divided for each predetermined data unit by using the acquired index, A combination of division types can be used.
- FIG. 18 illustrates various types of coding units that can be determined based on the division type information that can be represented by a binary code according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a coding unit into various types using block type information and division type information acquired through the bitstream obtaining unit 110.
- the type of the encoding unit that can be divided may correspond to various types including the types described in the above embodiments.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a square-shaped encoding unit into at least one of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction based on the division type information, and may divide the non- Direction or vertical direction.
- division type information for a square encoding unit is represented there are four possible partition types.
- the partition type information may be represented by a two-digit binary code, and a binary code may be allocated to each partition type.
- the division type information can be expressed by (00) b, and when the coding unit is divided into the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the division type information can be represented by (01) b, When the coding unit is divided in the horizontal direction, the division type information can be expressed by (10) b, and when the coding unit is divided in the vertical direction, the division type information can be expressed by (11) b.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may classify the types of division types that can be represented by the division type information into several encoding units Can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide up to three non-square encoding units according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide an encoding unit into two encoding units.
- the division type information may be expressed by (10) b.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide an encoding unit into three encoding units. In this case, the division type information may be expressed by (11) b.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 can determine that the encoding unit is not divided, and in this case, the division type information can be expressed by (0) b. That is, the video decoding apparatus 100 may use VLC (Varyable Length Coding) instead of Fixed Length Coding (FLC) in order to use a binary code indicating division type information.
- VLC Vector Length Coding
- FLC Fixed Length Coding
- a binary code of division type information indicating that an encoding unit is not divided can be expressed by (0) b. If the binary code of the division type information indicating that the encoding unit is not divided is set to (00) b, even though the division type information set in (01) b is absent, all of the binary codes of the 2-bit division type information Should be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 uses 1-bit binary code (0) b as the division type information It is possible to determine that the encoding unit is not divided, so that the bit stream can be efficiently used.
- the division form of the non-square type coding unit represented by the division type information should not be construed to be limited to only the three types shown in FIG. 18, but should be interpreted in various forms including the above-described embodiments.
- Figure 19 shows another form of an encoding unit that can be determined based on partition type information that can be represented in binary code according to one embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can divide a square-shaped encoding unit into horizontal or vertical directions based on the division type information, divide a non-square encoding unit horizontally or vertically can do. That is, the division type information can indicate that a square-shaped encoding unit is divided in one direction.
- the binary code of the division type information indicating that the square type encoding unit is not divided can be expressed by (0) b. If the binary code of the division type information indicating that the encoding unit is not divided is set to (00) b, even though the division type information set in (01) b is absent, all of the binary codes of the 2-bit division type information Should be used. However, as shown in FIG.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can use the 1-bit binary code (0) b as the division type information, It can be determined that the unit is not divided, so that the bit stream can be used efficiently.
- the division type of the square type encoding unit represented by the division type information should not be construed to be limited only to the three types shown in FIG. 19, and should be interpreted in various forms including the above-described embodiments.
- the block type information or the division type information can be expressed using a binary code, and this information can be immediately generated as a bit stream.
- the block type information or the division type information that can be represented by the binary code may not be directly generated as a bitstream but may be used as a binary code to be input in context adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC).
- CABAC context adaptive binary arithmetic coding
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a bitstream including a binary code for the syntax.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can detect a syntax element indicating block type information or division type information by inverse binarizing the bin string included in the acquired bit stream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a set of binary bin strings corresponding to a syntax element to be decoded, decode each bin using probability information, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may decode You can iterate until the empty string consisting of the empty beans is equal to one of the previously obtained empty strings.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the syntax element by performing inverse binarization of the bin string.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the syntax for the division type information using the obtained binary code having a size of 1 bit or 2 bits.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 may update the probability for each bit of the 2-bit binary code to determine the syntax for the division type information. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 can update the probability of having a value of 0 or 1 when decoding the next bin, depending on whether the value of the first bin of the 2-bit binary code is 0 or 1.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may update the probability of bins used in decoding the bins of the empty string for the syntax in the process of determining the syntax, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may update It can be determined that the certain bit of the empty string has the same probability without updating the probability.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 does not divide a non-square type encoding unit
- the syntax for the division type information can be determined using one bin having a value of 0. That is, when the block type information indicates that the current encoding unit is a non-square type, the first bin of the bin string for the division type information is 0 when the non-square type encoding unit is not divided, and 2 or 3 And may be 1 when it is divided into coding units. Accordingly, the probability that the first bin of the bin string of the partition type information for the non-square encoding unit is 0 may be 1/3, and the probability of 1 day may be 2/3.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can represent only a 1-bit empty string having a value of 0 as the division type information indicating that the non-square type encoding unit is not divided. Therefore, The syntax for the division type information can be determined by determining whether the second bin is 0 or 1 only when the first bin of the type information is 1. According to an exemplary embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may decode a bin if the first bin of the partition type information is 1, and the probability of the second bin being 0 or 1 is equal to each other.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use various probabilities for each bin in the process of determining a bin of an empty string for the partition type information. According to an exemplary embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the probability of the bin for the partition type information according to the direction of the non-square block. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the probability of the bin for the division type information differently according to the width of the current encoding unit or the length of the long side. According to an exemplary embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the probability of the bin for the division type information according to at least one of the type of the current encoding unit and the length of the long side.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can determine the probability of the bin for the division type information to be the same for the encoding units of a predetermined size or larger. For example, it can be determined that the probability of a bin for division type information is the same for encoding units of 64 samples or more based on the length of the long side of the encoding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an initial probability for bins constituting an empty string of the division type information based on a slice type (for example, I slice, P slice or B slice ...) .
- a slice type for example, I slice, P slice or B slice .
- 20 is a block diagram of an image encoding and decoding system performing loop filtering.
- the encoding unit 2010 of the image encoding and decoding system 2000 transmits the encoded bit stream of the image and the decoding unit 2050 receives and decodes the bit stream to output the reconstructed image.
- the encoding stage 2010 may be similar to the image encoding device 200 described later, and the decoding stage 2050 may be similar to the image decoding device 100.
- the predictive encoding unit 2015 outputs a reference image through inter-prediction and intra-prediction, and the transform and quantization unit 2020 transforms the residual data between the reference image and the current input image into a quantized transform coefficient And outputs the quantized signal.
- the entropy encoding unit 2025 encodes the quantized transform coefficients, converts the quantized transform coefficients, and outputs them as a bit stream.
- the quantized transform coefficients are reconstructed into spatial domain data through an inverse quantization and inverse transform unit 2030 and the reconstructed spatial domain data is output as a reconstructed image through a deblocking filtering unit 2035 and a loop filtering unit 2040 do.
- the reconstructed image can be used as a reference image of the next input image through the predictive encoding unit 2015.
- the coded image data of the bitstream received by the decoding unit 2050 is restored into residual data of the spatial domain through an entropy decoding unit 2055 and an inverse quantization and inverse transform unit 2060.
- the deblocking filtering unit 2065 and the loop filtering unit 2070 perform filtering on the image data in the spatial domain by combining the reference image and the residual data output from the predictive decoding unit 2075, And output a restored image of the current original image.
- the reconstructed image may be used as a reference image for the next original image by the predictive decoding unit 2075.
- the loop filtering unit 2040 of the encoding unit 2010 performs loop filtering using the input filter information according to a user input or a system setting.
- the filter information used by the loop filtering unit 2040 is output to the entropy encoding unit 2010 and is transmitted to the decoding unit 2050 together with the encoded image data.
- the loop filtering unit 2070 of the decoding unit 2050 may perform loop filtering based on the filter information input from the decoding unit 2050.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of filtering units included in the maximum encoding unit according to an exemplary embodiment, and filtering performing information of the filtering unit.
- the filtering units of the loop filtering unit 2040 of the encoding stage 2010 and the loop filtering unit 2070 of the decoding stage 2050 are similar to the encoding units according to the embodiment described above with reference to FIGS.
- the filter information may include block type information and division type information of a data unit for indicating a filtering unit and loop filtering performance information indicating whether to perform loop filtering on the filtering unit.
- the filtering units included in the maximum coding unit 2100 may have the same block type and division type as the coding units included in the maximum coding unit 2100.
- the filtering units included in the maximum encoding unit 2100 according to an exemplary embodiment may be divided based on the sizes of the encoding units included in the maximum encoding unit 2100.
- the filtering units include a square-shaped filtering unit 2140 having a depth D, non-square filtering units 2132 and 2134 having a depth D, a square filtering unit 2134 having a depth D + Square filtering units 2162 and 2166 of depth D + 1 and square filtering units 2122, 2124, 2126 and 2128 of depth D + 2 ).
- the block type information, the division type information (depth), and the loop filtering performance information of the filtering units included in the maximum encoding unit 2100 can be encoded as shown in Table 1 below.
- the process of recursively dividing an encoding unit according to block type information and block division information according to an embodiment to determine a plurality of encoding units is as described above with reference to FIG.
- the loop filtering performance information of the filtering units according to an exemplary embodiment indicates that loop filtering is performed for the corresponding filtering unit when the flag value is 1, and indicates that loop filtering is not performed when the flag value is 0. [ Referring to Table 1, information of a data unit for determining a filtering unit to be filtered by the loop filtering units 2040 and 2070 can be all encoded as filter information and transmitted.
- the filtering unit may be determined based on the encoding unit according to the embodiment, so that the operation of determining the filtering unit separately from the determination of the encoding unit may be omitted.
- the information for determining the division type of the filtering unit can be omitted by determining the filtering unit based on the encoding unit according to the embodiment, the transmission bit rate of the filter information can be saved.
- the filtering unit is determined based on the encoding unit according to the embodiment. However, the filtering unit is divided based on the encoding unit, May be determined.
- the determination of the filtering unit disclosed in the above embodiments can be applied not only to loop filtering but also to various embodiments such as deblocking filtering, adaptive loop filtering, and the like.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current encoding unit using at least one of the block type information and the division type information, and the block type information is determined in advance to use only the square type, Can be determined in advance to indicate that it is not divided or can be divided into four square-shaped encoding units. That is, according to the block type information of the current coding unit, the coding unit always has a square shape, and can be divided into four or four square-shaped coding units based on the division type information.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 can use the block form and the division form only to acquire a bitstream generated using a predetermined encoding method through the bitstream obtaining unit 110, Only a predetermined block type and division type can be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can solve the compatibility problem with a predetermined encoding method by using a predetermined decoding method similar to the predetermined encoding method.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 uses the predetermined decoding method using only a predetermined block type and division type among various types of block type information and division type information that can be represented, The image decoding apparatus 100 can omit the process of obtaining block type information from the bitstream.
- a syntax indicating whether or not to use the predetermined decoding method described above can be used.
- the syntax may be a bitstream for each of various types of data units that can include a plurality of coding units such as a sequence, a picture, a slice unit, Lt; / RTI > That is, the bitstream obtaining unit 110 can determine whether to obtain a syntax indicating block type information from a bitstream based on a syntax indicating whether or not a predetermined decoding method is used.
- FIG. 23 shows an index according to a Z scan sequence of an encoding unit according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may scan the lower data units included in the upper data unit according to the Z scan order.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can sequentially access data according to a Z-scan index within a coding unit included in a maximum coding unit or a processing block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can divide a reference encoding unit into at least one encoding unit as described above with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. At this time, square-shaped encoding units and non-square-shaped encoding units may be mixed in the reference encoding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may perform data access according to a Z scan index included in each encoding unit in the reference encoding unit. In this case, the method of applying the Z scan index may be different depending on whether or not a non-square type encoding unit exists in the reference encoding unit.
- encoding units of lower depth in the reference encoding unit may have a continuous Z scan index.
- an encoding unit of a higher depth may include four encoding units of a lower depth.
- the coding units of four sub-depths may be contiguous with each other, and the coding units of each sub-depth may be scanned in the Z scan order according to the index indicating the Z scanning order.
- the index indicating the Z scan order may be set to a number that increases in accordance with the Z scan order for each encoding unit. In this case, it is possible to scan the depth-based encoding units of the same depth according to the Z scan order.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides encoding units in the reference encoding unit into subblocks,
- the blocks can be scanned according to the Z scan order. For example, if there is a non-square encoding unit in the vertical or horizontal direction within the reference encoding unit, the Z scan can be performed using the divided sub-blocks.
- Z scans can be performed using sub-blocks.
- the subblock may be a square in which an encoding unit or an arbitrary encoding unit that is not further divided is divided. For example, four square-shaped sub-blocks may be divided from a square-shaped encoding unit. Also, for example, two square-shaped subblocks can be divided from a non-square-shaped encoding unit.
- an apparatus 100 for decoding an image decodes encoded units 2302, 2304, 2306, 2308, and 2310 of lower depth in an encoding unit 2300 in a Z scan order
- the encoding unit 2300 and the encoding units 2302, 2304, 2306, 2308, and 2310 are relatively higher encoding units and lower encoding units, respectively.
- the encoding unit 2300 includes horizontal non-square encoding units 2306 and 2310. These non-square-shaped encoding units 2306 and 2310 are discontinuous with the adjacent square-shaped encoding units 2302 and 2304.
- the coding unit 2308 is a square unit, and the coding unit of the non-square type is an odd-numbered coding unit located at the middle of the division. Like the non-square-shaped encoding units 2306 and 2310, the encoding unit 2308 is discontinuous with the adjacent square-shaped encoding units 2302 and 2304.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can continuously set the Z scan index by dividing the encoding units into sub-blocks.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may perform a continuous Z scan on a coding unit 2308 positioned in the middle of a non-square type coding unit 2306 or 2310 or a non-square type coding unit divided into an odd number Can be performed.
- the coding unit 2320 shown in FIG. 23 is obtained by dividing the coding units 2302, 2304, 2306, 2308, and 2310 in the coding unit 2300 into sub-blocks. Since a Z scan index can be set for each of the subblocks, and adjacent borders between the subblocks are continuous, the subblocks can be scanned according to the Z scan order among the subblocks.
- the coding unit 2308 can be divided into subblocks 2322, 2324, 2326, and 2328. [ At this time, subblocks 2322 and 2324 may be scanned after data processing for subblock 2330 and subblocks 2326 and 2328 may be scanned after data processing for subblock 2332 . In addition, each sub-block may be scanned according to the Z scan order.
- scanning in accordance with the Z scan order for data units may be for data storage, data loading, data access, and the like.
- data units can be scanned according to the Z scan order.
- the scan order of the data units may be various scan orders such as a raster scan, an N scan, a rightward diagonal scan, a horizontal scan, , And is not limited to the Z scan sequence.
- scanning is performed on the encoding units in the reference encoding unit.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the object of the scan may be any block in the maximum encoding unit or the processing block. have.
- the scan is performed according to the Z scan order by dividing the block into subblocks only when there is at least one non-square block.
- the sub-blocks may be divided to perform the scan according to the Z scan order.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 generates prediction data by performing inter prediction or intra prediction on a coding unit and performs inverse conversion on a conversion unit included in the current coding unit to generate residual data And the current encoding unit can be restored by using the generated prediction data and residual data.
- the prediction mode of an encoding unit may be at least one of an intra mode, an inter mode, and a skip mode. According to one embodiment, the prediction mode can be selected independently for each coding unit.
- the inter mode prediction and the intra mode prediction may be separately performed for each of the 2xN type encoding units have.
- a skip mode may be applied to 2NxN or Nx2N type encoding units according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may allow bi-prediction in the skip mode of 8x4 or 4x8 type encoding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may allow bidirectional prediction on a coding unit to which a skip mode is applied, thereby improving the decoding efficiency.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 permits bidirectional prediction for an 8x4 or 4x8 type coding unit, and sets a relatively small number of interpolation tap in the motion compensation step, Can be used.
- an interpolation filter of less than 8 taps e.g., a 2-tap interpolation filter
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides an area included in the current encoding unit into a predetermined format (for example, slant-based partitioning), and transmits intra or inter prediction information for each divided area to signaling You may.
- a predetermined format for example, slant-based partitioning
- the image decoding apparatus 100 can acquire prediction samples of the current encoding unit using the neighboring samples of the current encoding unit using the intra mode. At this time, intra prediction performs prediction using surrounding already reconstructed samples, and these samples are referred to as reference samples.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating reference samples for intraprediction of an encoding unit according to an embodiment.
- the upper reference sample 2302 is w + h
- a total of 2 (w + h) +1 reference samples are required, one for the reference sample 2304 on the left side and w + h for the left reference sample 2306 and one for the reference sample 2306 on the upper left side.
- padding may be performed on the portion where the reference sample does not exist, and a reference sample-by-prediction filtering process may be performed to reduce the quantization error included in the reconstructed reference sample.
- the number of reference samples in the case where the block type of the current encoding unit is a non-rectangular shape has been described in the above embodiments, the number of reference samples is also applied to the case where the current encoding unit is a rectangular block type.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an image encoding apparatus 200 capable of encoding an image based on at least one of block type information and division type information according to an embodiment.
- the image encoding apparatus 200 may include a coding unit 220 and a bitstream generation unit 210.
- the encoding unit 220 may encode the input image by receiving the input image.
- the encoding unit 220 may encode the input image to obtain at least one syntax element.
- the syntax element includes a skip flag, a prediction mode, a motion vector difference, a motion vector prediction method or a transform quantized coefficient, a coded block pattern, a coded block flag, an intra prediction mode, a prediction direction, and a transform index.
- the encoding unit 220 can determine the context model based on the block type information including at least one of the ratio, or the size, of the shape, direction, width, and height of the encoding unit.
- the bitstream generator 210 may generate a bitstream based on the encoded input image. For example, the bitstream generator 210 may generate a bitstream by entropy encoding a syntax element based on the context model. In addition, the image encoding apparatus 200 may transmit the bit stream to the video decoding apparatus 100.
- the encoding unit 220 of the image encoding apparatus 200 can determine the type of an encoding unit.
- the coding unit may have a square or a non-square shape, and information indicating this type may be included in the block type information.
- the encoding unit 220 can determine what type of encoding unit is to be divided.
- the encoding unit 220 can determine the type of at least one encoding unit included in the encoding unit and the bitstream generating unit 210 generates a bitstream including the format information including information on the type of the encoding unit Can be generated.
- the encoding unit 220 may determine whether the encoding unit is divided or not. When the encoding unit 220 determines that only one encoding unit is included in the encoding unit or that the encoding unit is not divided, the bitstream generating unit 210 includes the type information indicating that the encoding unit is not divided A bitstream can be generated.
- the encoding unit 220 may be divided into a plurality of encoding units included in the encoding unit, and the bitstream generating unit 210 may generate a bitstream including the division type information indicating that the encoding unit is divided into a plurality of encoding units, Can be generated.
- information indicating whether to divide an encoding unit into several encoding units or which direction to be divided may be included in the division type information.
- the division type information may indicate that division is performed in at least one of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, or may indicate that division is not performed.
- the image coding apparatus 200 determines information on the divisional mode based on the divisional mode of the encoding unit.
- the image coding apparatus 200 determines a context model based on at least one of a ratio or a size of a shape, a direction, a width, and a height of a coding unit. Then, the image encoding apparatus 200 generates information on the split mode for dividing the encoding unit based on the context model into a bit stream.
- the image encoding apparatus 200 may obtain an arrangement for mapping at least one of the ratio, or the size, of the shape, direction, width, and height of the encoding unit to the index for the context model, in order to determine the context model.
- the image encoding apparatus 200 may obtain an index for the context model based on at least one of the ratio, or the size, of the shape, direction, width, and height of the encoding unit in the arrangement.
- the image encoding apparatus 200 can determine the context model based on the index for the context model.
- the image encoding apparatus 200 may further include a context model based on the block type information including at least one of the ratio, or the size, of the shape, direction, width, and height of the neighboring encoding units adjacent to the encoding unit You can decide.
- the surrounding encoding unit may include at least one of a left side, a left side, an upper left side, an upper side, an upper right side, a right side, or a lower right side encoding unit of an encoding unit.
- the image coding apparatus 200 can compare the length of the width of the upper peripheral encoding unit and the length of the width of the encoding unit. In addition, the image encoding apparatus 200 can compare the lengths of the heights of the left and right peripheral encoding units and the lengths of the encoding units. Also, the image encoding apparatus 200 can determine the context model based on the comparison results.
- the operation of the image encoding apparatus 200 includes contents similar to the operations of the video decoding apparatus 100 described with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 24, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 25 An apparatus and method for decoding a motion vector and an apparatus and method for encoding a motion vector according to an embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 25 to 36.
- FIG. 25 An apparatus and method for decoding a motion vector and an apparatus and method for encoding a motion vector according to an embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 25 to 36.
- 25 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 according to an embodiment.
- a motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 may include a bitstream obtaining unit 2510, a basic motion vector determining unit 2530, and a predictive decoding unit 2550.
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 may be included in the image decoding apparatus 100 described above.
- the bitstream obtaining unit 2510 may be included in the bitstream obtaining unit 110 of the video decoding apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1, and the basic motion vector determining unit 2530 and the prediction decoding unit 2550 May be included in the decoding unit 120 of the image decoding apparatus 100.
- Inter prediction in image coding and decoding refers to a prediction method that utilizes similarity between a current image and another image.
- a reference block similar to the current block of the current image is detected from the reference image decoded prior to the current image, and a distance on the coordinate between the current block and the reference block is expressed by a motion vector.
- the difference of the pixel values between the current block and the reference block can be expressed by residual data. Therefore, instead of directly outputting the video information of the current block by inter prediction of the current block, it is possible to improve the efficiency of encoding and decoding by outputting an index, a motion vector, and residual data indicating a reference image.
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 can determine a motion vector for reconstruction of a current block encoded through inter prediction.
- the type of block may be square or rectangular, and may be any geometric shape.
- the block according to an exemplary embodiment is not limited to a unit of a predetermined size, and may include a maximum encoding unit, an encoding unit, a prediction unit, and a conversion unit among the encoding units according to the tree structure.
- the bitstream obtaining unit 2510 obtains a bitstream including information for image decoding.
- the bitstream may include information on at least one of a residual motion vector, a predictive motion vector, whether a basic MV is determined, a prediction direction (whether unidirectional prediction or bidirectional prediction), a reference video index, and a motion vector resolution, .
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 may determine a default motion vector (hereinafter referred to as a basic MV) of the current block.
- the basic MV can be used to determine the predicted motion vector of the current block.
- a PMV candidate having no availability of a motion vector among at least one PMV candidate block If there is a block, the predictive motion vector of the current block can be determined using the basic MV.
- the basic MV may be a spare motion vector (MV) for the motion vector of the PMV candidate block used for determining the predicted motion vector of the current block.
- MV spare motion vector
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 may determine one or a plurality of basic MVs based on motion vectors of a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks related to the current block.
- the positions and the numbers of the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks may be predetermined in the basic motion vector determination unit 2530.
- the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks may include previously decoded spatial blocks and / or previously decoded temporal blocks associated with the current block.
- the spatial block may include at least one block spatially adjacent to the current block.
- the temporal block may include at least one block located at the same point as the current block in the reference image having the POC different from the POC (Picture Order Count) of the current block and a block spatially adjacent to the block at the same position.
- FIG. 29 illustrates spatial blocks and temporal blocks associated with current block 2900.
- a spatial block spatially related to the current block 2900 includes a left upper block a, a right upper block b, an upper left block c, an upper right block d, A left lower block j, a lower left block k, and a lower left block k.
- the temporal blocks temporally related to the current block 2900 include the adjacent block r of the co-located block q and the co-located block q belonging to the reference frame having a different POC from the current block 2900 .
- the spatial blocks and temporal blocks associated with the current block shown in Fig. 29 are one example, and a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks may include at least some of the blocks shown in Fig.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 can determine the basic MV of the current block using at least some of the motion vectors of the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing basic MV candidate blocks for determining a basic MV.
- the basic MV candidate blocks include a left block C0, a left upper block C1, an upper left block C2, an upper right block C3, and a left upper end block C4 of the current block 2900, And a lower left outer block C5.
- the number and position of the basic MV candidate blocks shown are exemplary only, and can be variously changed within a range that is obvious to a person skilled in the art.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 sets priorities for the basic MV candidate blocks, and determines the presence or absence of a motion vector for each basic MV candidate block according to the priority.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 can determine the motion vector of the basic MV candidate block as the basic MV in the order in which the existence of the motion vector is confirmed.
- the priority may be determined in advance by the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 or may be determined by the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 in an arbitrary manner.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines the motion vector of each basic MV candidate block according to the priority order and determines the motion vector of the basic MV candidate block in which the existence of the motion vector is first confirmed as the basic MV have.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines the presence or absence of a motion vector for each basic MV candidate block according to a priority order, and determines a motion vector of a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks as a plurality As the base MV of the video.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 can determine a motion vector of a C1 block having the highest priority as a basic MV while having a motion vector.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines a motion vector of the C1 block having the highest priority and a motion vector of the C2 block having the second priority, Can be determined by two basic MVs.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 may compare the reference video index of the current block with the reference video index of the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks to change the priority order set for the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks. For example, the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 may change the priority of the basic MV candidate block having the same reference video index as the reference video index of the current block to a higher priority. When there are a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks having the same reference picture index as the reference picture index of the current block, the order among the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks may be set to a preset priority order.
- the C5 block when priority is set in the order from the C0 block to the C5 block and only the reference video index of the C5 block is the same as the reference video index of the current block, the C5 block can be changed to the first rank. Accordingly, the priorities are changed according to the order of the C5 block, the C0 block, the C1 block, the C2 block, the C3 block, and the C4 block. If the priority order is set in the order from the C0 block to the C5 block and the reference video index of the C4 block and the reference video index of the C5 block are the same as the reference video index of the current block, Thereby raising the priority of the block.
- the priorities can be changed in order of C4 block, C5 block, C0 block, C1 block, C2 block, and C3 block so that the priority of the C4 block is higher than the priority of the C5 block according to the original priority.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines whether or not the reference video index of each basic MV candidate block is the same as the reference video index of the current block according to the priority order, It is also possible to determine each of the motion vectors of at least one basic MV candidate block as at least one basic MV. If there is no basic MV candidate block having the same reference picture index as the reference picture index of the current block, the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines motion vectors in each basic MV candidate block according to the priority, The motion vector of at least one basic MV candidate block may be determined to be at least one basic MV in the order in which the existence of the vector is determined.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines each of the motion vectors of one or more basic MV candidate blocks having the same reference picture index as the reference picture index of the current block, regardless of whether priority is set or not, It can be decided by MV.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 selects a predetermined number of basic MV candidate blocks based on the size of the motion vector of the basic MV candidate blocks, and outputs the motion vector of each selected basic MV candidate block May be determined as the basic MV.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 selects a predetermined number of basic MV candidate blocks in descending order of the motion vector size among the basic MV candidate blocks, and outputs the motion vectors of the selected basic MV candidate blocks as basic MV can be determined.
- a predetermined number of basic MV candidate blocks may be selected in descending order of the size of the motion vector among the basic MV candidate blocks, and the motion vector of each selected basic MV candidate block may be determined as the basic MV.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 may determine a value obtained by combining motion vectors of a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks, for example, a mean value or a median value of motion vectors as a basic MV .
- a mean value or a median value of motion vectors may be determined as a basic MV.
- an average value or an intermediate value of these motion vectors may be determined as a basic MV. If a motion vector exists only in the C0 block, the C1 block, and the C2 block, the mean value or the median value of the motion vectors of the C0 block, the motion vector of the C1 block, and the motion vector of the C2 block may be determined as the basic MV.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 may determine a basic MV corresponding to the specific direction from a basic MV candidate block located in a specific direction with reference to the current block. For example, when it is desired to determine the basic MV corresponding to the left direction, the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines the basic MV based on the motion vector of the basic MV candidate block located in the left direction with respect to the current block . For example, when determining a basic MV corresponding to an upper direction, the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines a basic MV based on a motion vector of a basic MV candidate block located in an upper direction with respect to a current block, .
- the basic MV candidate block corresponding to the left direction may be a C0 block, a C1 block, a C4 block, and a C5 block
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 may include a C0 block, a C1 block, a C4 block
- the motion vector of at least one of the C5 blocks may be used to determine the basic MV corresponding to the left direction.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines the motion vectors of the C0 block, the C1 block, the C4 block, and the C5 block according to the priority order, Direction may be determined as the basic MV corresponding to the direction.
- the basic MV candidate block corresponding to the upward direction may be a C2 block, a C3 block, and a C4 block
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 may use at least one of the C2 block, the C3 block, and the C4 block So that the basic MV corresponding to the upper direction can be determined.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines a motion vector for the C2 block, the C3 block, and the C4 block according to the priority order, It is also possible to decide with the basic MV that
- a basic MV corresponding to a specific direction may be allocated to a PMV block that is not available, as will be described later.
- the type of the basic MV to be allocated may vary depending on the direction in which the PMV candidate block is located have.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines whether or not a motion vector of a previously decoded picture, a previously decoded slice, or a most recently decoded maximum coding unit among the at least one basic MV candidate block,
- the motion vector of the basic MV candidate block at the selected position may be determined as the basic MV of the current block. For example, the left block C0, the left upper block C1, the upper left block C2, the upper right block C3, the upper left outer block C4, and the lower left outer block C5 shown in FIG.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 can determine the basic MV using the motion vector of the C0 block.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 selects a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks in order of predominantly decoded pictures, slices, or predictive motion vectors in a maximum coding unit, A plurality of basic MVs may be determined using motion vectors of respective basic MV candidate blocks.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 may determine the basic MV in advance before determining the predicted motion vector for the current block encoded through the inter prediction.
- the basic MV may be determined when the basic MV is required, in accordance with the availability judgment for the PMV candidate block described later.
- the basic motion vector determining unit 2530 may determine a basic MV for the current block .
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines The motion vector of the basic MV candidate block may be directly determined as the basic MV, the motion vector of any one of the basic MV candidate blocks may be changed, and the changed motion vector may be determined as the basic MV.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 determines The motion vector of the basic MV candidate block may be scaled considering the reference video index of the current block and the scaled motion vector may be determined as the basic MV.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 may determine a motion vector derived through a DMVD (decoder side MV derivation) as a basic MV of a current block.
- DMVD may include, for example, a template matching method, a bilateral matching method.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 can determine the predictive motion vector of the current block using the motion vector of at least one PMV candidate block.
- the predicted motion vector of the current block may include previously decoded spatial blocks associated with the current block and / or previously decoded temporal blocks.
- At least one PMV candidate block may be selected from blocks temporally related to blocks spatially related to the current block shown in FIG.
- the position and the number of at least one PMV candidate block used to determine the predicted motion vector of the current block may be the same as the position and the number of the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks used for determining the basic MV previously.
- at least one PMV candidate block and at least one basic MV candidate block may be different from each other in at least one of position and number.
- the number and position of the PMV candidate blocks may be determined in advance by the predictive decoding unit 2550 or may be determined by the predictive decoding unit 2550 on a picture basis, a slice basis, or a block basis according to a predetermined criterion. In one embodiment, the number and position of PMV candidate blocks may be determined according to information included in the bitstream, for example, motion vector resolution of the current block, which will be described later.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 determines the availability of a motion vector of at least one PMV candidate block. If there is a PMV candidate block determined to be unavailable, the predictive decoding unit 2550 calculates a predictive motion vector of the current block using the basic MV You can decide.
- the availability of the motion vector of the PMV candidate block may be determined based on whether or not a motion vector exists in the PMV candidate block and whether it has the same motion vector as the motion vector of another PMV candidate block determined to be available Or < / RTI >
- a certain block is intra-predicted, it can be determined that no motion vector exists in the corresponding block.
- one motion vector and another motion vector are the same in judging the availability, it may mean that both the motion vector and the reference image index are the same.
- any one of the PMV candidate blocks is not available. Also, for example, if the motion vector of one PMV candidate block is the same as the motion vector of another PMV candidate block determined to be available, any one of the PMV candidate blocks is not available . Judging the availability according to the identity of the motion vector can be seen as applying a kind of pruning.
- the prediction decoding unit 2550 may construct a prediction candidate list including a predetermined number of prediction candidates from the motion vectors of each of the at least one PMV candidate block, according to the determination of availability.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 may determine a predictive motion vector of a current block using one or more predictive candidates included in the predictive candidate list.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 may determine a predictive motion vector of a current block using one or more predictive candidates identified from the information included in the bitstream, among the predictive candidates included in the predictive candidate list.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 can directly determine one predictive candidate as a predictive motion vector of the current block, change one predictive candidate, and determine the changed predictive candidate as a predictive motion vector of the current block. Also, the prediction decoding unit 2550 can determine a value obtained by combining a plurality of prediction candidates, for example, an average value or an intermediate value of a plurality of prediction candidates as a prediction motion vector of the current block.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 can construct a predictive candidate list by determining the availability of a motion vector of each PMV candidate block.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 can determine the availability of each PMV candidate block according to the priority order. 31, when priority is set in the order of A0 block, A1 block, B0 block, B1 block, B2 block, C3 block, and H block, a motion vector The motion vector of the A0 block can be included in the prediction candidate list as a prediction candidate. Next, if there is no motion vector in the A1 block having the second highest priority or if the motion vector of the A1 block is equal to the motion vector of the A0 already included in the prediction candidate list, the A1 block has the availability And it is possible to determine the availability of the block B0 of the next priority.
- the prediction decoding unit 2550 can determine the availability of each block from the A0 block to the H block according to the priority order until a prediction candidate list including a predetermined number of prediction candidates is constructed.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 constructs a predictive candidate list by determining availability from the A0 block to the H block, and if the number of predictive candidates included in the predictive candidate list is less than a predetermined number, the predictive decoding unit 2550 inserts the basic MV into the predictive candidate list .
- the prediction decoding unit 2550 decodes the two basic The MV can be included in the prediction candidate list. Also, when two prediction candidates are included in the prediction candidate list constructed according to the determination of availability, the prediction decoding unit 2550 can include one basic MV in the prediction candidate list.
- the predetermined number of prediction candidates to be included in the prediction candidate list may be set in advance.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 may determine the number of basic MVs corresponding to a predetermined number of prediction candidates to be included in the prediction candidate list.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 determines availability of each PMV candidate block, assigns a basic MV to a PMV candidate block determined not to be available, and then assigns a priority to each PMV candidate block
- a prediction candidate list may be constructed. For example, it is possible to determine availability from A0 block to H block in FIG. 31. If it is determined that there is no availability of A1 block, a basic MV can be allocated to A1 block. The motion vector of each block can be included in the prediction candidate list according to the priority order from A0 block to H block.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 can determine a predictive motion vector of the current block using at least one predictive candidate of the predictive candidate list including the basic MV or the predictive candidate list not including the basic MV.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 may determine a predictive motion vector of the current block based on a motion vector of at least one PMV candidate block at a predetermined position.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 can determine the availability of at least one PMV candidate block at a predetermined position and allocate a basic MV to the PMV candidate block determined to be unavailable.
- assigning a basic MV to a PMV candidate block may mean that a basic MV is used as a motion vector of a PMV candidate block.
- the basic MV can be assigned as the motion vector of the D2 block.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 can determine the number of basic MVs equal to the number of PMV candidate blocks at a predetermined position.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 may determine a predictive motion vector of a current block using a motion vector of one PMV candidate block at a predetermined position. In this case, when it is determined that there is no possibility of using one PMV candidate block, the predictive decoding unit 2550 can allocate the basic MV to one PMV candidate block. The predictive decoding unit 2550 may determine the basic MV allocated to the one PMV candidate block as the predictive motion vector of the current block as it is or change the basic MV and determine the changed basic MV as the predictive motion vector of the current block have.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 may assign a basic MV to a PMV candidate block that is not available among PMV candidate blocks at a predetermined position. If the number of PMV candidate blocks that are not available is plural , It is also possible to allocate a plurality of basic MVs to each of a plurality of PMV candidate blocks that are not available.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 decodes the basic MV Can be assigned to the D1 block.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 decodes a plurality May be assigned to the D1 block and the D2 block, respectively.
- the position of the PMV candidate block may be considered.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 can determine a basic MV corresponding to the specific direction from a basic MV candidate block located in a specific direction with reference to the current block.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 decodes It is possible to allocate a corresponding basic MV in consideration of the direction in which the PMV candidate block that is not available based on the block is located.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 allocates the basic MV determined in the left direction to the D1 block, If there is no motion vector in the D2 block located in the upper direction with respect to the current block, the predictive decoding unit 2550 can allocate the determined basic MV to the D2 block in the upper direction. If there is no motion vector in the D3 block, a basic MV determined in the upper direction may be allocated, or a value determined by a combination of at least some basic MVs of the plurality of basic MVs may be allocated to the D3 block.
- the number and type of the at least one PMV candidate block may be determined according to the motion vector resolution (MVR) of the current block.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 may directly determine the MVR of the current block according to a predetermined condition or may determine the MVR by referring to the information included in the bitstream obtained by the bitstream obtaining unit 2510.
- the bitstream obtaining unit 2510 may obtain information on the MVR for each inter-predicted encoding unit.
- 36 is a diagram showing a syntax for obtaining information on MVR from a bitstream.
- cu_skip_flag indicates whether skip mode is applied to the current encoding unit.
- the current encoding unit is processed according to the skip mode. If the skip mode is not found in the d statement, the pred_mode_flag is extracted from the e statement. pred_mode_flag indicates whether the current coding unit is intra-predicted or inter-predicted.
- pred_mvr_idx is extracted from the g-syntax.
- pred_mvr_idx is the index indicating the MVR of the current coding unit, and the MVR corresponding to each index is as shown in Table 2 below.
- the MVR of the current block may indicate the precision of the position of the pixel that the motion vector of the current block among the pixels included in the reference image (or the interpolated reference image) can point to.
- the MVR of the current block may be selected from at least one candidate MVR.
- the at least one candidate MVR may be, for example, MVR in units of 1/8 pixel, MVR in quarter pixel, MVR in 1/2 pixel, MVR in 1 pixel, MVR in 2 pixels, MVR, and MVR of 8-pixel units.
- the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the number and type of PMV candidate blocks used to determine the predicted motion vector of the current block may be determined in advance according to the type of MVR of the current block. For example, when the MVR of the current block is a quarter-pixel-unit MVR, the PMV candidate block may include a left block and an upper block. If the MVR of the current block is MVR of one pixel unit, And a lower block. In addition, when the MVR of the current block is a 2-pixel unit MVR, the PMV candidate block may include a right block. Thus, if the MVR of the current block is determined, the type and number of PMV candidate blocks used to determine the predicted motion vector can be determined automatically. In one embodiment, for each MVR, the number of PMV candidate blocks for determining a predicted motion vector is one, and the location may be different for each MVR.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 determines the availability of the motion vector of each PMV candidate block, as described above. Then, a basic MV is assigned as a motion vector of the PMV candidate block judged to be unavailable, and the predicted motion vector of the current block can be determined.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 may adjust the basic MV by comparing the minimum MVR among the candidate MVRs that can be selected for the current block with the MVR of the current block.
- the basic MV is determined from the motion vector of the basic MV candidate block. Since the motion vector of the basic MV candidate block is predicted to point to the pixel coordinates in the interpolated image according to the minimum MVR, the basic MV .
- the adjustment process of the basic MV is necessary. However, if the number of PMV candidate blocks used for the determination of a predictive motion vector is one, the availability of one PMV candidate block is available, and the number of PMV candidate blocks used for determining a predictive motion vector is plural . If there is a possibility that some of the PMV candidate blocks are available, the motion vector of the PMV candidate block that is usable is used to determine the predicted motion vector. Therefore, the PMV candidate block The motion vector of the motion vector needs the same adjustment process as that of the basic MV.
- FIG. 33 The process of adjusting the basic MV will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 33 to 35.
- FIG. 33 The process of adjusting the basic MV will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 33 to 35.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 can obtain a motion vector of the current block from the predictive motion vector when the predictive motion vector of the current block is determined.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 determines a predictive motion vector as a motion vector of the current block if the current block has a skip mode or a merge mode and if the prediction mode of the current block is an advanced motion vector prediction mode, the motion vector of the current block can be obtained by adding the residual motion vector and the predicted motion vector.
- the predictive decoding unit 2550 compares the MVR of the current block with the minimum MVR to upscale the residual motion vector obtained from the bitstream, adds the upscaled residual motion vector and the predictive motion vector, .
- the upscale of the residual motion vector will be described later.
- 26 is a flowchart for explaining a motion vector decoding method according to an embodiment.
- step S2610 the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 determines a predicted motion vector of the current block.
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 can determine a predicted motion vector of a current block using at least one PMV candidate block associated with the current block.
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 determines the availability of a motion vector of at least one PMV candidate block.
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 can determine a predicted motion vector of a current block using a basic MV determined from a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks if there is a PMV candidate block judged to be unavailable.
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 may determine the predicted motion vector of the current block using the basic MV adjusted according to the MVR of the current block.
- step S2620 the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 obtains the motion vector of the current block based on the predicted motion vector of the current block.
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 may obtain the predicted motion vector of the current block as a motion vector of the current block or may obtain a result of adding the residual motion vector to the predicted motion vector as a motion vector of the current block. In one embodiment, when the MVR of the current block is determined, the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 may selectively up-scramble the residual motion vector, and then obtain the motion vector of the current block by adding the motion vector to the predicted motion vector.
- FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a motion vector coding apparatus 2700 according to an embodiment.
- a motion vector coding apparatus 2700 may include a basic motion vector determination unit 2710, a predictive coding unit 2730, and a bitstream generation unit 2750.
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 may be included in the image coding apparatus 200 described above.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 and the predictive encoding unit 2730 of the motion vector encoding apparatus 2700 may be included in the encoding unit 220 of the image encoding apparatus 200
- the bitstream generation unit 2750 of the image encoding apparatus 200 may be included in the bitstream generation unit 210 of the image encoding apparatus 200.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 can determine the basic MV of the current block.
- the basic MV can be used to determine the predicted motion vector of the current block.
- the predictive motion vector of the current block can be determined using the basic MV.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 can determine one or a plurality of basic MVs based on motion vectors of a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks related to the current block.
- the positions and the numbers of the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks may be predetermined in the basic motion vector determination unit 2710.
- the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks may include previously coded spatial blocks and / or previously coded temporal blocks associated with the current block.
- the spatial block may include at least one block spatially adjacent to the current block.
- the temporal block may include at least one block located at the same point as the current block in the reference image having the POC different from the POC (Picture Order Count) of the current block and a block spatially adjacent to the block at the same position.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 may set priorities for the basic MV candidate blocks, and determine the presence or absence of a motion vector for each basic MV candidate block according to the priorities.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 may determine at least one basic MV based on the motion vectors of at least one basic MV candidate block in the order in which the existence of the motion vector is confirmed.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 determines the motion vector of each basic MV candidate block according to the priority order and determines the motion vector of the basic MV candidate block in which the existence of the motion vector is first confirmed as the basic MV have.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 determines the presence or absence of a motion vector for each basic MV candidate block according to the priority order, and determines a motion vector of a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks as a plurality As the base MV of the video.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 may compare the reference video index of the current block with the reference video index of the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks to change the priority set for the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks. For example, the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 may change the priority of the basic MV candidate block having the same reference video index as the reference video index of the current block to a higher priority. When there are a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks having the same reference picture index as the reference picture index of the current block, the order among the plurality of basic MV candidate blocks may be set to a preset priority order.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 determines whether the reference video index of each basic MV candidate block is the same as the reference video index of the current block according to the priorities, It is also possible to determine each of the motion vectors of at least one basic MV candidate block as at least one basic MV. If there is no basic MV candidate block having the same reference picture index as the reference picture index of the current block, the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 determines whether or not a motion vector exists in each basic MV candidate block, The motion vector of at least one basic MV candidate block may be determined to be at least one basic MV in the order in which the existence of the vector is determined. In one embodiment, the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 determines a motion vector of one or more basic MV candidate blocks having the same reference video index as the reference video index of the current block as a basic MV irrespective of whether priority is set or not It is possible.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 selects a predetermined number of basic MV candidate blocks based on the size of the motion vector of the basic MV candidate blocks, and determines a motion of a predetermined number of basic MV candidate blocks
- the vector may be determined as the basic MV.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 selects a predetermined number of basic MV candidate blocks in descending order of the motion vector size among the basic MV candidate blocks, and calculates a motion vector of a predetermined number of basic MV candidate blocks It can be decided by the basic MV.
- a predetermined number of basic MV candidate blocks may be selected in descending order of the size of the motion vector among the basic MV candidate blocks, and the motion vectors of the selected predetermined number of basic MV candidate blocks may be determined as the basic MV
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 may determine a value obtained by combining motion vectors of a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks, for example, an average value or a median value of motion vectors, as a basic MV .
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 may determine a basic MV corresponding to the specific direction from a basic MV candidate block located in a specific direction with respect to the current block. For example, when it is desired to determine the basic MV corresponding to the left direction, the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 determines the basic MV based on the motion vector of the basic MV candidate block located in the left direction with respect to the current block . For example, when it is desired to determine a basic MV corresponding to the upward direction, the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 determines a basic MV based on the motion vector of the basic MV candidate block located in the upper direction with respect to the current block, .
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 determines whether the motion vector of the previous encoded picture, the previously encoded slice, or the most recently coded maximum coding unit among the at least one basic MV candidate block, The motion vector of the basic MV candidate block at the selected position may be determined as the basic MV.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 selects a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks in order of a previously coded picture, a slice, or a predominantly selected prediction motion vector in a maximum coding unit, A plurality of basic MVs may be determined using motion vectors of respective basic MV candidate blocks.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 may determine the basic MV in advance before determining the predicted motion vector for the current block.
- the basic MV may be determined when the basic MV is required, in accordance with the availability judgment for the PMV candidate block described later.
- a basic MV when a basic MV is determined using a motion vector of a basic MV candidate block selected according to a predetermined reference among a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks,
- the motion vector of the basic MV candidate block may be directly determined as the basic MV, the motion vector of any one of the basic MV candidate blocks may be changed, and the changed motion vector may be determined as the basic MV.
- the basic motion vector determiner 2710 determines The motion vector of the basic MV candidate block may be scaled considering the reference video index of the current block and the scaled motion vector may be determined as the basic MV.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 may determine a motion vector derived through a decoder side MV derivation (DMVD) as a basic MV of a current block.
- DMVD may include, for example, a template matching method, a bilateral matching method.
- the basic motion vector determining unit 2710 of the motion vector encoding apparatus 2700 can also determine a motion vector through DMVD.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 can determine the motion vector of the current block.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 interpolates a reference image for inter prediction of a current block, detects a block closest to the current block in a reference image, The distance can be determined as a motion vector of the current block.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 can determine the MVR of the current block and determine the motion vector according to the determined MVR.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 may determine any one candidate MVR among the at least one candidate MVR that can be selected for the current block to be the MVR of the current block.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 may interpolate the reference image according to the minimum MVR among at least one candidate MVR that can be selected for the current block and determine a motion vector using the MVR of the current block.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 can interpolate the reference image in units of a quarter pixel, which is the minimum MVR, and determine a motion vector in units of pixels in the interpolated reference image.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 can determine a predictive motion vector of the current block for encoding the motion vector of the current block.
- the predicted motion vector of the current block may be determined from at least one PMV candidate block comprising a spatial block and / or a temporal block associated with the current block.
- the number and position of the PMV candidate blocks may be determined in advance by the predictive encoding unit 2730 or may be determined by the predictive encoding unit 2730 on a picture basis, a slice basis, or a block basis. In one embodiment, the number and location of PMV candidate blocks may be determined according to the MVR of the current block.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 determines the availability of a motion vector of at least one PMV candidate block, and when there is a PMV candidate block judged to be unavailable, the predictive encoding unit 2730 calculates a predictive motion vector of the current block You can decide.
- the availability of the motion vector of the PMV candidate block may be determined based on whether or not a motion vector exists in the PMV candidate block and whether it has the same motion vector as the motion vector of another PMV candidate block determined to be available Or < / RTI >
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 may construct a predictive candidate list including a predetermined number of predictive candidates from the motion vectors of each of the at least one PMV candidate block, according to the determination of availability. Also, the predictive coding unit 2730 can determine a predictive motion vector of the current block using one or more predictive candidates included in the predictive candidate list.
- the predictive coding unit 2730 may determine one predictive candidate as a predictive motion vector of the current block, change one predictive candidate, and determine the changed predictive candidate as a predictive motion vector of the current block.
- the prediction decoding unit 2730 may determine a value obtained by combining a plurality of prediction candidates, for example, an average value or an intermediate value of a plurality of prediction candidates as a prediction motion vector of the current block.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 can construct a predictive candidate list by determining the availability of a motion vector of each PMV candidate block.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 may determine the availability of each PMV candidate block according to the priority order. 31, when priority is set in the order of A0 block, A1 block, B0 block, B1 block, B2 block, C3 block, and H block, a motion vector The motion vector of the A0 block can be included in the prediction candidate list as a prediction candidate.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 can determine the availability of each block from the A0 block to the H block according to the priority order until a prediction candidate list including a predetermined number of prediction candidates is constructed.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 constructs a predictive candidate list by determining availability from the A0 block to the H block, and if the number of predictive candidates included in the predictive candidate list is less than the predetermined number, the predictive encoding unit 2730 includes the basic MV in the predictive candidate list .
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 determines the availability of each PMV candidate block, assigns a basic MV to a PMV candidate block determined to be unavailable, and then assigns a priority to each PMV candidate block A prediction candidate list may be constructed.
- the predetermined number of prediction candidates to be included in the prediction candidate list may be set in advance.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 can determine the number of basic MVs corresponding to a predetermined number of prediction candidates to be included in the prediction candidate list.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 can determine a predictive motion vector of the current block using at least one predictive candidate of the predictive candidate list including the basic MV or the predictive candidate list not including the basic MV.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 may determine a predictive motion vector of a current block based on a motion vector of at least one PMV candidate block at a predetermined position.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 may determine the availability of at least one PMV candidate block at a predetermined position and may assign a basic MV as a motion vector of the PMV candidate block determined to be unavailable. 32, when a predicted motion vector of the current block is determined as a combination value of a motion vector of the D1 block, a motion vector of the D2 block, and a motion vector of the D3 block, if there is no motion vector in the D2 block, The basic MV can be assigned as the motion vector of the D2 block.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 may determine a predictive motion vector of a current block using a motion vector of one PMV candidate block at a predetermined position. In this case, if the predictive encoding unit 2730 determines that there is no possibility of using one PMV candidate block, the predictive encoding unit 2730 can allocate the basic MV to one PMV candidate block. The predictive encoding unit 2730 may determine the basic MV allocated to the one PMV candidate block as the predictive motion vector of the current block as it is or change the basic MV and determine the changed basic MV as the predictive motion vector of the current block have.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 may assign a basic MV to a PMV candidate block that is not available among PMV candidate blocks at a predetermined position. If the number of PMV candidate blocks that are not available is plural , It is also possible to allocate a plurality of basic MVs to each of a plurality of PMV candidate blocks that are not available. In one embodiment, the basic motion vector determination unit 2530 can determine the number of basic MVs equal to the number of PMV candidate blocks at a predetermined position.
- the position of the PMV candidate block may be considered.
- the basic motion vector determination unit 2710 can determine a basic MV corresponding to the specific direction from a basic MV candidate block located in a specific direction on the basis of the current block.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 predicts It is possible to allocate a corresponding basic MV in consideration of a direction in which a PMV candidate block having no motion vector exists based on the block.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 can obtain a residual motion vector that is a difference between a motion vector of the current block and a predictive motion vector according to a prediction mode of the current block, when the motion vector and the predictive motion vector of the current block are determined.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 skips the acquisition of the residual motion vector when the prediction mode of the current block is a skip mode or a merge mode and the prediction mode of the current block is an advanced motion vector prediction (AMVP) mode
- the residual motion vector can be obtained.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 can generate information on the predictive motion vector of the current block. For example, when a predictive motion vector of a current block is determined from a predetermined number of prediction candidate lists, the predictive coding unit 2730 determines which predictive candidate among a predetermined number of predictive candidates is used as a predictive motion vector of the current block Information can be generated.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 may omit the generation of information about the predictive motion vector. This is because the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 can also determine the predicted motion vector using the PMV candidate block at the same position in determining the motion vector of the current block.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 may generate information that a basic MV has been determined for determination of a predictive motion vector of a current block. For example, when the basic MV is determined by the basic motion vector determination unit 2710, the flag 1 is generated, and when the basic MV determination process is omitted, the flag 0 can be generated.
- the predictive encoding unit 2730 can generate information indicating the MVR of the current block.
- the bitstream generation unit 2750 generates information on the residual motion vector generated by the predictive coding unit 2730, information on the predicted motion vector, information on whether the basic MV is determined, information on the MVR of the current block, Information on a prediction direction (whether to be unidirectional or bi-directional) and information on a reference video index.
- FIG. 28 is a flowchart illustrating a motion vector coding method according to an embodiment.
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 determines a motion vector of the current block.
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 can find a reference block most similar to the current block in the reference image and determine a motion vector indicating a distance on a coordinate between the reference block and the current block.
- the motion vector coding device 2700 can determine a motion vector according to the MVR of the current block in the interpolated image according to the minimum MVR.
- step S2820 the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 determines a predicted motion vector of the current block.
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 can determine a predicted motion vector of a current block using a motion vector of at least one PMV candidate block.
- the motion vector coding device 2700 determines the availability of a motion vector of at least one PMV candidate block. When there is a PMV candidate block determined not to be usable, the motion vector coding device 2700 can determine a predicted motion vector of the current block using a basic MV determined from a plurality of basic MV candidate blocks.
- the motion vector coding device 2700 may determine the predicted motion vector of the current block using the basic MV adjusted according to the MVR of the current block.
- FIG. 33 the process of adjusting the basic MV when the MVR of the current block is determined will be described with reference to FIGS. 33 to 35.
- the basic MV is used to determine the predicted motion vector of the current block using the basic MV, It should be adjusted according to the resolution of the block.
- FIG. 33 shows a case where a minimum MVR selectable for a current block is a 1/4 pixel unit MVR, and a motion vector corresponding to 1/4 pixel unit MVR, 1/2 pixel unit MVR, 1 pixel unit MVR and 2 pixel unit MVR Indicates the positions of the pixels that can be pointed.
- FIG. 33 (a), (b), (c) and (d) of FIG. 33 respectively show MVR on a quarter pixel basis, MVR on a half pixel basis, MVR on a pixel basis, (Denoted by a black square) of the pixels that the motion vector of the unit MVR can point to.
- the coordinates of a pixel that a motion vector of a quarter-pixel-unit MVR can point to are (a / 4, b / 4) (2c / 4, 2d / 4) (c, d is an integer), and the coordinates of a pixel that a motion vector of one pixel unit MVR can point to is 4e / 4, 4f / 4) (e, f is an integer), and the coordinates of the pixel that the motion vector of the 2-pixel-unit MVR can point to are (8g / 4, 8h / 4) do.
- the minimum MVR is 2 m (m is an integer) pixel unit
- the coordinates of the pixel that can be represented by 2 n (n is an integer) pixel unit MVR is (2 nm * i / 2 -m , 2 nm * j / 2 -m ) (i, j is an integer).
- the motion vector is expressed by the coordinates in the interpolated image according to the unit of the 1/4 pixel which is the minimum MVR.
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 determines a motion vector in an interpolated image according to a minimum MVR. Therefore, a motion vector may be a reciprocal of a pixel unit value of a minimum MVR, For example, if the minimum MVR is 2 m (m is an integer) pixel unit, it can be multiplied by 2 -m to represent a motion vector in an integer unit. 2 -m may be used in the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 and the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500. [
- the motion vector of the 1/2 pixel unit MVR starting from the coordinate (0, 0) indicates the coordinates (2/4, 6/4) and the minimum MVR has the unit of the quarter pixel, (2, 6), which is a value obtained by multiplying the motion vector by the integer 4, can be determined as a motion vector.
- Fig. 34 is a diagram for explaining a method of adjusting the basic MV. Fig.
- the motion vector coding device 2700 and the motion vector decoding device 2500 can adjust the basic MV to be used as the predicted motion vector of the current block when the MVR of the current block is larger than the minimum MVR of the selectable candidate MVR.
- the fact that the MVR of the current block is larger than the minimum MVR may mean that the pixel unit of the MVR of the current block is larger than the pixel unit of the minimum MVR.
- the MVR of one pixel unit is larger than that of the half-pixel unit, and the MVR of the half-pixel unit is larger than that of the quarter-pixel unit.
- the motion vector coding device 2700 and the motion vector decoding device 2500 may adjust the basic MV expressed by the coordinates in the interpolated image according to the minimum MVR to the MVR of the current block, To be referred to.
- the coordinates (19, 27) of the pixel 3410 indicated by the MV (A) are divided by the integer 4 (i.e., downscale) It may not be indicated.
- the motion vector coding device 2700 and the motion vector decoding device 2500 can adjust the downscaled basic MV to point to an integer pixel unit.
- the coordinates of the surrounding integer pixels around the coordinates (19/4, 27/4) are (16/4, 28/4), (16/4, 24/4), (20/4 , 28/4), (20/4, 24/4).
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 and the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 are arranged in such a manner that the downscaled basic MV (A) is a right-upper-side coordinate (20 / 4, 28/4), and then multiplied by an integer 4 (i.e., upscaled) to obtain a pixel 3440 whose final adjusted MV (D) corresponds to the coordinates 20, 28 You can point it at.
- the motion vector coding device 2700 and the motion vector decoding device 2500 are arranged such that the downscaled basic MV is located at the left-bottom position, the left-top position or the right-bottom position As shown in FIG.
- the adjusted basic MV indicates an integer pixel located at the upper end of the pixel indicated by the base MV before the adjustment or an integer pixel located at the lower end .
- the adjusted basic MV indicates an integer pixel positioned on the left side of the pixel pointed to by the basic MV before adjustment or an integer pixel positioned on the right side .
- the motion vector coding device 2700 and the motion vector decoding device 2500 may select a point indicated by the adjusted basic MV differently according to the MVR of the current block when adjusting the basic MV.
- the adjusted basic MV indicates the left-top pixel 3530 of the pixel indicated by the basic MV before being adjusted .
- the adjusted basic MV indicates the right-top pixel 3520 of the pixel indicated by the basic MV before the adjustment, and if the MVR of the current block is MVR of 2 pixels ,
- the adjusted basic MV can be adjusted to point to the right-bottom pixel 3540 of the pixel indicated by the basic MV before being adjusted.
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 and the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 can adjust the basic MV in consideration of the MVR and the minimum MVR of the current block according to Equation (1) below.
- default MV 'de notes the adjusted basic MV
- k is a value determined according to the difference between the MVR and the minimum MVR of the current block.
- the MVR of the current block is 2 m pixel units (m is an integer) Is a unit of 2 n pixels (n is an integer), and when m> n, k can be mn.
- k may be an index of the MVR.
- the candidate MVR includes a quarter pixel unit MVR, a half pixel unit MVR, a one pixel unit MVR, a two pixel unit MVR, and a four pixel unit MVR
- the MVR corresponding to each index is shown in Table 2.
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 can adjust the basic MV according to Equation (1) using the MVR index as k.
- " is a bit shift operation, which means an operation for reducing or increasing the size of the basic MV.
- offset means a value to be added or subtracted to indicate an integer pixel when the down-scaled base MV does not point to an integer pixel according to the value of k. offset may be determined differently for each of the x-coordinate value and the y-coordinate value of the basic MV.
- the motion vector coding device 2700 and the motion vector decoding device 2500 may change according to the same criterion when the downscaled basic MV is changed to point to an integer pixel.
- the x-coordinate value and y-coordinate value of the downscaled base MV do not point to an integer pixel, the x-coordinate value and the y-coordinate value of the downscaled base MV are always increased to point to an integer pixel And may always be reduced to point to an integer pixel.
- the x-coordinate value and the y-coordinate value of the downscaled basic MV may be rounded to indicate an integer pixel.
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 and the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 when adjusting the basic MV, omit downscale and upscale of the basic MV, and when the basic MV is the pixel corresponding to the MVR of the current block May be adjusted in the coordinate plane within the interpolated reference image according to the minimum MVR to point to the unit.
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 and the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 may use Equation (2) instead of Equation (1) when adjusting the basic MV considering the MVR and the minimum MVR of the current block It can also be adjusted accordingly.
- Equation (2) is similar to Equation (1) but it can be seen that offset is not applied to the downscaled basic MV as in Equation (1), but offset is applied to the original basic MV and then downscaled according to k .
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 can find the motion vector of the current block with the MVR of the current block and obtain the difference between the motion vector of the current block and the predicted motion vector as a residual motion vector.
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 can determine and code the residual motion vector according to Equation (3) below.
- Equation (3) MV is the motion vector of the current block
- PMV is the predicted motion vector
- MVD is the residual motion vector.
- the PMV may refer to a predicted motion vector determined based on the adjusted motion vectors of the adjusted primary MV and / or PMV candidate blocks.
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 may downsample the residual motion vector as shown in Equation (4) and generate a bitstream including information indicating the downscaled residual motion vector .
- Equation (4) MVD 'denotes a downscaled residual motion vector
- k is a value determined according to a difference between a minimum MVR and a MVR of a current block, which is the same as k in Equation (1).
- the motion vector coding unit 2700 may downsample the motion vector and the predicted motion vector of the current block according to the k value, and then may code the difference between the two values as a residual motion vector.
- the motion vector coding apparatus 2700 may calculate a downscaled residual motion vector according to Equation (5) instead of Equations (3) and (4).
- MVD represents a downscaled residual motion vector
- MV is a motion vector of the current block
- PMV is a predictive motion vector
- R represents a pixel unit value of the MVR of the current block, for example, 1/4 in the case of a 1/4 pixel unit MVR.
- S is an inverse number of the pixel unit value of the minimum MVR. When the minimum MVR is a quarter pixel unit, S represents 4.
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 can recover the motion vector of the current block using the predicted motion vector and the residual motion vector of the current block.
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 can up-scale the residual motion data as shown in Equation (6) below.
- Equation (6) MVD 'denotes a residual-scaled residual motion vector at the encoder side, and MVD' 'denotes an up-scaled residual motion vector.
- K is a value determined according to the difference between the minimum MVR and the MVR of the current block, which is the same as k in Equation (1).
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 may decode the motion vector of the current block by selectively adding the up-scaled residual motion vector and the predicted motion vector according to the difference between the minimum MVR and the MVR of the current block.
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 may determine an upscaled residual motion vector according to Equation (7) instead of Equation (6).
- MVD represents a downscaled residual motion vector
- R represents a pixel unit value of the MVR of the current block, for example, 1/4 for a quarter-pixel-unit MVR.
- S is an inverse number of the pixel unit value of the minimum MVR. When the minimum MVR is a quarter pixel unit, S represents 4.
- the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 when the MVR of the current block is less than the MVR of one pixel, the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 interpolates the reference image according to the minimum MVR and then outputs the prediction block of the current block according to the motion vector of the current block Can be searched. In addition, when the MVR of the current block is equal to or greater than the MVR of one pixel, the motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 can search the predicted block of the current block according to the motion vector of the current block without interpolating the reference image. The motion vector decoding apparatus 2500 may restore the current block by adding the prediction block to the inverse transformed and dequantized residual data.
- the above-described embodiments can be made into a program that can be executed in a computer, and the created program can be stored in a medium.
- the medium may be one that continues to store computer executable programs, or temporarily store them for execution or download.
- the medium may be a variety of recording means or storage means in the form of a combination of a single hardware or a plurality of hardware, but is not limited to a medium directly connected to a computer system, but may be dispersed on a network.
- Examples of the medium include a magnetic medium such as a hard disk, a floppy disk and a magnetic tape, an optical recording medium such as CD-ROM and DVD, a magneto-optical medium such as a floptical disk, And program instructions including ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like.
- a recording medium or a storage medium managed by a site or a server that supplies or distributes an application store or various other software to distribute the application may be mentioned.
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Abstract
Description
| MVR Index | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Resolution (R) in pel | 1/4 | 1/2 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
Claims (15)
- 현재 블록의 예측 움직임 벡터(Prediction Motion Vector)를 결정하는데 이용되는 적어도 하나의 PMV 후보 블록을 결정하는 단계;상기 적어도 하나의 PMV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터의 이용 가능성을 판단하는 단계;이용 가능성이 없는 것으로 판단된 PMV 후보 블록이 존재하는 경우, 기본 MV(Motion Vector)를 이용하여, 상기 현재 블록의 예측 움직임 벡터를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정된 예측 움직임 벡터에 기초하여 상기 현재 블록의 움직임 벡터를 획득하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법은,상기 현재 블록과 관련된 복수의 기본 MV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터에 기초하여 상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계는,우선 순위에 따라 순차적으로 상기 복수의 기본 MV 후보 블록에 대해 움직임 벡터의 존재 여부를 판단하는 단계; 및상기 움직임 벡터의 존재가 확인된 순서대로 기본 MV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터에 기초하여 상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법은,DMVD(decoder side MV derivation) 통해 도출된 움직임 벡터를 상기 기본 MV로 결정하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계는,상기 현재 블록의 참조 영상 인덱스와 동일한 참조 영상 인덱스를 갖는 기본 MV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터에 기초하여, 상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계는,상기 복수의 기본 MV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터의 크기에 기초하여 적어도 하나의 기본 MV 후보 블록을 선택하는 단계; 및상기 선택된 적어도 하나의 기본 MV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터에 기초하여 상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계는,상기 복수의 기본 MV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터의 평균 값 또는 중간(median) 값에 기초하여 상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계는,상기 복수의 기본 MV 후보 블록 중, 이전에 복호화된 픽처, 이전에 복호화된 슬라이스 또는 이전에 복호화된 최대 부호화 단위에서 예측 움직임 벡터로 결정된 횟수에 기초하여 선택된 기본 MV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터를 이용하여 상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계는,상기 현재 블록을 기준으로 서로 다른 방향에 위치하는 기본 MV 후보 블록들로부터 각 방향에 대응하는 복수의 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 복수의 기본 MV는,제 1 기본 MV 및 제 2 기본 MV를 포함하며,상기 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계는,상기 현재 블록을 기준으로 제 1 방향에 위치하는 기본 MV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터를 이용하여 상기 제 1 기본 MV를 결정하고, 상기 현재 블록을 기준으로 제 2 방향에 위치하는 기본 MV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터를 이용하여 상기 제 2 기본 MV를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 현재 블록의 예측 움직임 벡터를 결정하는 단계는,상기 적어도 하나의 PMV 후보 블록이, 상기 현재 블록을 기준으로 제 1 방향에 위치하는 PMV 후보 블록과 제 2 방향에 위치하는 PMV 후보 블록을 포함하는 경우,상기 제 1 방향에 위치하는 PMV 후보 블록에 움직임 벡터가 존재하지 않으면, 상기 제 1 기본 MV를 상기 제 1 방향에 위치하는 PMV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터로 할당하고,상기 제 2 방향에 위치하는 PMV 후보 블록에 움직임 벡터가 존재하지 않으면, 상기 제 2 기본 MV를 상기 제 2 방향에 위치하는 PMV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터로 할당하여 상기 현재 블록의 예측 움직임 벡터를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법은,상기 현재 블록에 대한 움직임 벡터 해상도를 결정하는 단계를 더 포함하고,상기 현재 블록의 예측 움직임 벡터를 결정하는 단계는,상기 이용 가능성의 판단 결과, 상기 움직임 벡터 해상도에 따라 예측 움직임 벡터로 이용되는 것으로 결정된 PMV 후보 블록에 움직임 벡터가 존재하지 않는 경우, 상기 기본 MV를 상기 움직임 벡터가 존재하지 않는 PMV 후보 블록에 할당하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 현재 블록의 예측 움직임 벡터를 결정하는 단계는,상기 현재 블록의 움직임 벡터 해상도에 기초하여 상기 기본 MV를 조정하는 단계; 및상기 조정된 기본 MV에 기초하여 상기 현재 블록의 예측 움직임 벡터를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 현재 블록의 예측 움직임 벡터를 결정하는 단계는,상기 이용 가능성의 판단 결과에 따라, 상기 적어도 하나의 PMV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터로부터 예측 후보 리스트를 구성하는 단계;상기 예측 후보 리스트에 포함된 예측 후보의 개수가 소정 개수 미만인 경우, 상기 예측 후보의 개수가 상기 소정 개수가 되도록 상기 기본 MV를 상기 예측 후보 리스트에 포함시키는 단계; 및상기 예측 후보 리스트에 포함된 예측 후보에 기초하여 상기 현재 블록의 예측 움직임 벡터를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 복호화 방법.
- 현재 블록의 예측 움직임 벡터를 결정하는데 이용되는 적어도 하나의 PMV 후보 블록의 움직임 벡터의 이용 가능성을 판단하는 단계; 및이용 가능성이 없는 것으로 판단된 PMV 후보 블록이 존재하는 경우, 기본 MV를 이용하여 상기 현재 블록의 예측 움직임 벡터를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 움직임 벡터의 부호화 방법.
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| CN111095925A (zh) | 2020-05-01 |
| KR102232245B1 (ko) | 2021-03-25 |
| US12132924B2 (en) | 2024-10-29 |
| KR20200133835A (ko) | 2020-11-30 |
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| MX2020001665A (es) | 2020-03-20 |
| US11589070B2 (en) | 2023-02-21 |
| CN116389748B (zh) | 2025-07-22 |
| KR102185370B1 (ko) | 2020-12-01 |
| EP4539461A2 (en) | 2025-04-16 |
| CN116389748A (zh) | 2023-07-04 |
| MX2023011668A (es) | 2023-10-18 |
| KR20210034117A (ko) | 2021-03-29 |
| US20250016356A1 (en) | 2025-01-09 |
| MX2023011666A (es) | 2023-10-18 |
| EP3637773A1 (en) | 2020-04-15 |
| CN111095925B (zh) | 2023-04-14 |
| US20230164346A1 (en) | 2023-05-25 |
| KR20230003415A (ko) | 2023-01-05 |
| EP4539461A3 (en) | 2025-06-25 |
| KR20200023650A (ko) | 2020-03-05 |
| CN116389747A (zh) | 2023-07-04 |
| KR102574479B1 (ko) | 2023-09-04 |
| US20200177908A1 (en) | 2020-06-04 |
| KR20220088817A (ko) | 2022-06-28 |
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