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WO2018225683A1 - Système de vaporisation de gaz combustible liquéfié et son procédé de commande de température de milieu thermique liquide - Google Patents

Système de vaporisation de gaz combustible liquéfié et son procédé de commande de température de milieu thermique liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018225683A1
WO2018225683A1 PCT/JP2018/021362 JP2018021362W WO2018225683A1 WO 2018225683 A1 WO2018225683 A1 WO 2018225683A1 JP 2018021362 W JP2018021362 W JP 2018021362W WO 2018225683 A1 WO2018225683 A1 WO 2018225683A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
heat medium
line
fuel gas
medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2018/021362
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
尚則 木梨
春名　一生
和晶 加藤
直毅 西田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanoyas Shipbuilding Corp
Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanoyas Shipbuilding Corp
Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Sanoyas Shipbuilding Corp, Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co Ltd filed Critical Sanoyas Shipbuilding Corp
Priority to JP2018567755A priority Critical patent/JP6557793B2/ja
Publication of WO2018225683A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018225683A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquefied fuel gas vaporization system for heating and vaporizing a liquefied fuel gas such as liquefied natural gas with a liquid heat medium such as water and supplying the vaporized gas as a fuel gas to a combustion apparatus.
  • a liquefied fuel gas such as liquefied natural gas
  • a liquid heat medium such as water
  • the gas engine is a diesel engine, and is widely used in generators, automobile engines, ship engines, and the like. Compared to liquid fuel diesel engines, gas engines have a narrower stable combustion area between the knocking and misfire areas, and are more sensitive to conditions such as excess air ratio, supply air temperature, fuel gas composition, and fuel gas temperature. It has a problem that its combustion state is affected. For this reason, generally, a gas engine uses a governor (speed governor) to prevent the engine speed from greatly changing due to minute fluctuations in engine load.
  • governor speed governor
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • a vaporizer or the like is used as the heating source of the vaporizer.
  • water liquid heat medium
  • the natural gas supply system of the prior art in the case of a marine diesel engine whose load fluctuation greatly changes as a gas engine, the amount of fuel gas corresponding to the engine output is within a predetermined temperature range. (For example, ⁇ 5 ° C.) could not be supplied to the engine.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-147508
  • the present invention has been conceived under such circumstances and uses only the exhaust heat of the combustion device without using a means for forcibly heating or cooling, and is discharged from the vaporizer and burned.
  • the main object is to provide a liquefied natural gas vaporization system suitable for supplying gas fuel (natural gas) supplied to the apparatus in a predetermined temperature range.
  • the liquefied natural gas vaporization system provided by the first aspect of the present invention is for vaporizing liquefied fuel gas and supplying it to a combustion apparatus, and vaporizing the liquefied fuel gas by heating with a liquid heat medium.
  • a heat recovery part for recovering exhaust heat of the combustion device with the liquid heat medium
  • a heat medium circulation line for circulating the liquid heat medium between the heat recovery part and the vaporizer.
  • the heat medium circulation line is provided with a mixing unit that mixes the liquid heat medium that has been discharged from the vaporizer and has not passed through the heat recovery unit with the liquid heat medium that has passed through the heat recovery unit. It has been.
  • the heat medium circulation line includes a low temperature side line that is discharged from the vaporizer and sends the liquid heat medium having a relatively low temperature to the heat recovery unit, and a relative passage that passes through the heat recovery unit.
  • a high-temperature side line for sending the liquid heat medium having a high temperature to the vaporizer, and the mixing unit has a first end connected to the low-temperature side line and the other end connected to the high-temperature side line. Includes one bypass line.
  • the gas temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the fuel gas discharged from the vaporizer, and the fuel gas temperature detected by the gas temperature detection unit so as to be within a predetermined range from a target temperature.
  • a first temperature adjusting unit that adjusts a flow rate of the liquid heat medium that passes through the first bypass line and is supplied to the high temperature side line.
  • the mixing portion has one end connected to the heat recovery portion closer to the heat recovery portion than the connection portion of the first bypass line in the low temperature side line, and the other end connected to the first bypass line in the high temperature side line.
  • Including a second bypass line connected closer to the heat recovery part than the location, provided between the first bypass line and the second bypass line in the high temperature side line, and the temperature of the liquid heat medium A heating medium temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the liquid heating medium, and the liquid heating medium detected by the heating medium temperature detection unit through the second bypass line so as to be maintained at a substantially constant temperature within a predetermined range.
  • a second temperature adjusting unit for adjusting a flow rate of the liquid heat medium mixed in the high temperature side line.
  • the combustion apparatus is a marine dual fuel engine.
  • the high temperature side line further includes a temperature maintaining chamber provided between the first bypass line and the second bypass line, and the heating medium temperature detecting unit is provided in the temperature maintaining chamber. ing.
  • the heat recovery unit includes a heat exchanger provided between the low temperature side line and the high temperature side line, and in the heat exchanger, the cooling water from the combustion device and the low temperature side line are connected. It is comprised so that heat exchange may be performed between the flowing heat media.
  • the fuel gas is natural gas and the heat medium is water.
  • a liquid heat medium temperature control method used in a liquefied fuel gas vaporization system for vaporizing liquefied fuel gas and supplying it to a combustion apparatus.
  • the liquid heat medium is circulated between a vaporizer that heats and vaporizes the liquefied fuel gas with a liquid heat medium and a heat recovery unit that recovers exhaust heat of the combustion device.
  • the liquid heat medium that has been discharged and has not passed through the heat recovery section is mixed with the liquid heat medium that has passed through the heat recovery section so that the temperature of the liquid heat medium after mixing is within a predetermined range. Control.
  • the fuel gas is natural gas and the heat medium is water.
  • the liquefied fuel gas vaporization system includes a low-temperature side line that is discharged from the vaporizer and sends the liquid heat medium having a relatively low temperature to the heat recovery unit, and has passed through the heat recovery unit.
  • a heat medium circulation line including a high temperature side line for sending the liquid heat medium having a high temperature to the vaporizer, and a first bypass having one end connected to the low temperature side line and the other end connected to the high temperature side line
  • a gas temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the fuel gas discharged from the vaporizer, and a flow rate of the liquid heat medium supplied to the high temperature side line through the first bypass line.
  • the temperature of the liquid heat medium is provided between the first bypass line and the second bypass line in the second bypass line, which is connected closer to the heat recovery unit than the location, and in the high temperature side line.
  • the temperature control unit is supplied to the high temperature side line through the first bypass line so that the temperature of the fuel gas detected by the gas temperature detection unit falls within a predetermined range from a target temperature.
  • the flow rate of the liquid heat medium is adjusted, and the second temperature adjustment unit is configured to maintain the temperature of the liquid heat medium detected by the heat medium temperature detection unit at a substantially constant temperature within a predetermined range. 2 Pass through the bypass line Adjusting the flow rate of the liquid heat medium to be mixed with serial high temperature side line.
  • the liquefied fuel gas vaporization system further includes a temperature maintenance chamber provided between the first bypass line and the second bypass line in the high temperature side line, and the heating medium temperature detection unit Provided in the maintenance chamber and mixed with the high temperature side line through the second bypass line so that the temperature of the liquid heat medium in the temperature maintenance chamber is maintained at a substantially constant temperature within a predetermined range. The flow rate of the liquid heat medium is adjusted.
  • the first temperature adjusting unit passes through the first bypass line and is supplied to the high temperature side line so as to be within a range of 15 to 50 ° C. that is ⁇ 5 ° C. from the target temperature of the fuel gas.
  • the second temperature adjusting unit adjusts the flow rate of the liquid heating medium so that the temperature of the liquid heating medium detected by the heating medium temperature detecting unit is maintained at a substantially constant temperature within a range of 25 to 60 ° C.
  • the flow rate of the liquid heat medium that passes through the second bypass line and is mixed with the high temperature side line is adjusted.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a liquefied natural gas vaporization system according to the present invention.
  • the liquefied natural gas vaporization system X1 of this embodiment includes a fuel storage tank 1, a vaporizer 2, a buffer tank 3, a heat recovery unit 4 (heat exchanger), and lines connected to these. .
  • the liquefied natural gas vaporization system X ⁇ b> 1 supplies fuel gas to the combustion device 5.
  • the combustion device 5 may be a marine engine, for example, and is mounted on the bottom portion of the marine vessel.
  • the fuel gas may be natural gas, for example. In the following, for the sake of simplicity, the description will be given assuming that the combustion device 5 is a marine engine and the fuel gas is natural gas.
  • the fuel storage tank 1 is for storing liquefied natural gas (LNG) as fuel.
  • the fuel storage tank 1 has a double peripheral wall, and a heat insulating material is filled between the two peripheral walls, and the pressure is reduced to a vacuum to block intrusion heat from outside air. .
  • LNG is stored at a temperature of ⁇ 160 ° C. or lower.
  • the fuel storage tank 1 receives natural gas generated by vaporizing LNG in the vaporizer 2 in a state of being pressurized to about 0.7 MPaG through the gas line 67.
  • a fuel supply line 61 is connected to the lower part of the fuel storage tank 1.
  • the fuel supply line 61 is a flow path for transferring LNG delivered from the fuel storage tank 1 to the vaporizer 2.
  • the fuel supply line 61 is provided with a shutoff valve 611.
  • a gas extraction line 612 is connected to the upper portion of the fuel storage tank 1.
  • the gas extraction line 612 is for extracting gas in the space in the fuel storage tank 1 and flowing it to the fuel supply line 61 when LNG is replenished to the fuel storage tank 1.
  • a shutoff valve 613 is provided in the gas extraction line 612.
  • the vaporizer 2 is for evaporating and vaporizing LNG using a liquid heat medium (hereinafter simply referred to as “heat medium”) as a heating source.
  • the vaporizer 2 includes a heat medium container 21 and heat transfer tubes 22 and 23 disposed inside the heat medium container 21.
  • the heat medium container 21 is a sealed container for housing a heat medium for heating and vaporizing the LNG in the heat transfer tube 22.
  • the heating medium can be replenished.
  • An example of the heat medium is water.
  • the heat medium container 21 has a structure in which a substantially bell-shaped container body 212 is mounted on a disk-shaped bottom plate 211, and the container body 212 and the bottom plate 211 are bolted with a sealing gasket interposed therebetween. It is fixed integrally. According to such a configuration, when performing periodic inspections required by laws and regulations concerning high-pressure gas or ships, the bell-shaped container body 212 can be connected to the LNG pipe (with the bolt removed by removing the heat medium).
  • the heat transfer tubes 22 and 23 can be directly inspected by simply pulling them upward without removing the fuel supply line 61) and the heat medium piping (the heat medium circulation lines 62 and 63 described later).
  • Heat medium circulation lines 62 and 63 are connected to the heat medium container 21.
  • the heat medium circulation lines 62 and 63 circulate the heat medium between the vaporizer 2 and the heat recovery unit 4.
  • the heat medium circulation line 62 is connected to the bottom plate 211 of the heat medium container 21 and is a flow path for sending the heat medium that has passed through the heat recovery unit 4 to the heat medium container 21 (vaporizer 2).
  • the heat medium circulation line 63 is connected to the bottom plate 211 of the heat medium container 21 and is connected to the overflow pipe 24 that penetrates the bottom plate 211 in a sealed state.
  • the heat medium that has passed through the inside of the heat medium container 21 by being supplied via the heat medium circulation line 62 is discharged to the heat medium circulation line 63 via the overflow pipe 24.
  • the heat medium discharged from the heat medium container 21 is reheated in the heat recovery unit 4, supplied again to the heat medium container 21 (vaporizer 2), and recycled.
  • the heat medium circulation line 62 is provided with a circulation pump 621.
  • the heat medium passing through the heat recovery unit 4 and flowing through the heat medium circulation line 62 is relatively hot.
  • the heat medium that passes through the heat medium container 21 (vaporizer 2) and flows through the heat medium circulation line 63 has a relatively low temperature. Therefore, the heat medium circulation line 62 can also be called a high temperature side line, and the heat medium circulation line 63 can also be called a low temperature side line.
  • bypass lines 71 and 72 are connected to the heat medium circulation lines 62 and 63.
  • Each of the bypass lines 71 and 72 has one end connected to the heat medium circulation line 63 (low temperature side line) and the other end connected to the heat medium circulation line 62 (high temperature side line).
  • Each of the bypass lines 71 and 72 is a flow path for mixing the heat medium that has passed through the heat recovery unit 4 with the heat medium that has been discharged from the vaporizer 2 and has not passed through the heat recovery unit 4.
  • the temperature of the heat medium flowing through the bypass lines 71 and 72 is lower than the temperature of the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circulation line 62.
  • connection point of the bypass line 72 to the heat medium circulation line 63 is closer to the heat recovery unit 4 than the connection point of the bypass line 71 to the heat medium circulation line 63. Further, the connection point of the bypass line 72 to the heat medium circulation line 62 is closer to the heat recovery unit 4 than the connection point of the bypass line 71 to the heat medium circulation line 62.
  • a temperature adjusting unit 73 is provided at a connection point of the bypass line 71 with respect to the heat medium circulation line 62.
  • the temperature adjustment unit 73 adjusts the flow rate of the heat medium that passes through the bypass line 71 and is mixed with the heat medium circulation line 62, and includes, for example, a three-way valve.
  • the temperature adjusting unit 73 passes through the bypass line 71 and is mixed with the heat medium circulation line 62 (high temperature side line) based on the temperature of natural gas detected by a gas temperature detecting unit 641 described later. Adjust.
  • a temperature adjustment unit 74 is provided at a connection point of the bypass line 72 with respect to the heat medium circulation line 62.
  • the temperature adjusting unit 74 adjusts the flow rate of the heat medium that passes through the bypass line 72 and is mixed with the heat medium circulation line 62, and includes, for example, a three-way valve.
  • the temperature adjustment unit 74 passes through the bypass line 72 and enters the heat medium circulation line 62 (high temperature side line) so that the heat medium temperature detected by the heat medium temperature detection unit 622 falls within a predetermined range. The flow rate of the heat medium to be mixed is adjusted.
  • the heat medium temperature detection unit 622 is provided between the connection point with the bypass line 72 (additional bypass line) and the connection point with the bypass line 71 in the heat medium circulation line 62.
  • a temperature maintaining chamber 623 is provided between the connection point with the bypass line 72 and the connection point with the bypass line 71 in the heat medium circulation line 62.
  • a predetermined amount of the heat medium is accommodated in the temperature maintenance chamber 623, and the heat medium temperature detection unit 622 detects the temperature of the heat medium in the temperature maintenance chamber 623.
  • the heat transfer tube 22 is a flow path through which LNG introduced into the heat medium container 21 flows, and is wound, for example, in a coil shape.
  • the upstream end of the heat transfer tube 22 passes through the bottom plate 211 of the heat medium container 21 and is connected to the fuel supply line 61.
  • a gas line 64 is also connected to the bottom plate 211 of the heat medium container 21.
  • the downstream end of the heat transfer tube 22 passes through the bottom plate 211 and is connected to the gas line 64.
  • the LNG in the heat transfer tube 22 is heated and evaporated by a surrounding heat medium, and the vaporized natural gas is discharged to a gas line 64 that leads to the outside of the heat medium container 21.
  • the downstream end of the gas line 64 is connected to the buffer tank 3.
  • the natural gas vaporized in the heat transfer tube 22 is sent to the buffer tank 3 through the gas line 64.
  • the water flows inside the heat medium container 21 (vaporizer 2) in a state where water in a temperature range of, for example, 20 to 60 ° C. is filled.
  • the natural gas vaporized in the heat transfer tube 22 is heated to, for example, a temperature range of 15 to 50 ° C., preferably 20 to 45 ° C., and discharged to the gas line 64 at a pressure of about 0.70 MPaG.
  • a gas temperature detector 641 is provided in a portion of the gas line 64 near the heat medium container 21 (vaporizer 2). The gas temperature detector 641 detects the temperature of natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2.
  • the heat transfer tube 23 is a flow path through which LNG introduced into the heat medium container 21 flows, and is wound, for example, in a coil shape.
  • the heat transfer tube 23 increases the pressure in the space portion inside the fuel storage tank 1 by the vaporized natural gas.
  • the upstream end of the heat transfer tube 23 passes through the bottom plate 211 of the heat medium container 21 and is connected to the fuel supply line 66.
  • the fuel supply line 66 branches off from the middle of the fuel supply line 61.
  • a shutoff valve 661 is provided in the fuel supply line 66.
  • a gas line 67 is also connected to the bottom plate 211 of the heat medium container 21.
  • the downstream end of the heat transfer tube 23 passes through the bottom plate 211 and is connected to the gas line 67.
  • the gas line 67 is provided with a pressure control valve 671.
  • the natural gas vaporized in the heat transfer tube 23 is sent to the fuel storage tank 1 through the gas line 67.
  • the gas pressure is increased to, for example, 0.75 MPaG.
  • This pressurization pressure becomes the LNG supply pressure from the fuel storage tank 1, and becomes a gas fuel supply pressure source necessary for the marine gas engine 5 (diesel engine) which is an internal combustion engine.
  • the buffer tank 3 is a sealed container that can store natural gas.
  • the buffer tank 3 is used for absorbing the load fluctuation of the consumption gas amount of the subsequent combustion device 5 (marine gas engine) for the natural gas fuel fed through the gas line 64.
  • the configuration in which natural gas is stored by the buffer tank 3 is effective in absorbing load fluctuations.
  • a gas line 65 is connected to the buffer tank 3.
  • the gas line 65 is provided with a pressure control valve 651. In the pressure control valve 651, the natural gas flowing through the gas line 65 is reduced to a pressure suitable for consumption in the marine gas engine 5 at the subsequent stage.
  • the natural gas that has passed through the gas line 65 is supplied to the marine gas engine 5.
  • the marine gas engine 5 is, for example, a dual fuel engine (dual fuel diesel engine).
  • liquid fuel such as heavy oil
  • the gas fuel is supplied.
  • the gas fuel supplied to the marine gas engine 5 is burned at a consumption amount commensurate with the output of the marine gas engine 5 through the governor 51 (governor).
  • the marine gas engine 5 is always cooled during operation by circulating the engine coolant with the coolant pump 681 or the engine drive pump 682 (driven by the engine 5).
  • the engine coolant circulates in a temperature range of 55 to 90 ° C. in a steady operation state while repeating exhaust heat recovery and cooling.
  • the engine cooling water exiting the marine gas engine 5 passes through the cooling water circulation line 68 and is introduced into the heat recovery unit 4 while the temperature is detected by the cooling water temperature detection unit 683.
  • the heat recovery unit 4 is for recovering the exhaust heat of the marine gas engine 5 with a heat medium.
  • the heat recovery unit 4 is configured with an indirect heat exchanger. In the heat recovery unit 4, heat exchange between the heat medium discharged from the vaporizer 2 and flowing through the heat medium circulation line 63 and the engine cooling water flowing through the cooling water circulation line 68 is performed, and the exhaust heat of the marine gas engine 5 is heated. It is recovered in the medium.
  • the engine coolant removed by the heat recovery unit 4 is further cooled by seawater at the cooler 684 and mixed with a part of the engine coolant flowing through the coolant bypass line 686 while being adjusted by the cooling temperature control valve 685. Then, the pressure is increased again by the cooling water pump 681 or the engine driven pump 682 and sent to the marine gas engine 5.
  • the heat medium discharged from the vaporizer 2 and flowing through the heat medium circulation line 63 has a relatively low temperature due to heat exchange with LNG or vaporized natural gas in the heat transfer tube 22 in the vaporizer 2.
  • the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circulation line 63 is temporarily stored in the temperature maintenance chamber 623 after the exhaust heat of the marine gas engine 5 is recovered by passing through the heat recovery unit 4 and the heat medium temperature rises.
  • the heat medium temperature in the temperature maintenance chamber 623 is detected by the heat medium temperature detection unit 622, and a part of the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circulation line 63 passes through the bypass line 72 so that the heat medium temperature becomes a constant temperature. Then, the flow rate is adjusted by the temperature adjusting unit 74 and mixed with the heat medium in the heat medium circulation line 62.
  • the heat medium accommodated in the temperature maintenance chamber 623 is a basic temperature heat medium.
  • the temperature of the basic temperature heat medium is set to a predetermined temperature in a temperature range of 25 to 60 ° C., for example.
  • the temperature adjusting unit 73 located on the downstream side of the basic temperature heating medium is discharged from the vaporizer 2 and the temperature is lowered (heating medium circulation). Part of the heating medium flowing through the line 63 is mixed via the bypass line 71. The degree of such mixing is adjusted such that the temperature of the heat medium after mixing is lower than the set temperature of the basic temperature heat medium, and the temperature detected by the gas temperature detection unit 641 becomes the target temperature.
  • the temperature of the heat medium after mixing is adjusted to a predetermined temperature in a temperature range of 20 to 60 ° C., for example.
  • the mixing of the low-temperature heat medium by the temperature adjustment unit 74 and the temperature adjustment unit 73 is performed on the upstream side of the circulation pump 621.
  • This is effective in quantifying the amount of the heat medium after mixing using the characteristics of the circulation pump 621.
  • a heating medium circulation rate of 15 m 3 / h or more is appropriate. is there.
  • the flow rate of LNG flowing from the fuel storage tank 1 to the vaporizer 2 is determined by the amount of gas fuel consumed in the marine gas engine 5.
  • the amount of gas fuel consumption is also changed accordingly.
  • the temperature of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2 is detected by the gas temperature detector 641 in the vicinity of the vaporizer 2.
  • the detected temperature of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2 becomes a target temperature within a temperature range of fuel gas suitable for supplying to the marine gas engine 5 (for example, 25 ⁇ 5 ° C. to 40 ⁇ 5 ° C.).
  • the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the vaporizer 2 via the heat medium circulation line 62 is controlled.
  • the change characteristic of the gas fuel consumption with respect to the operating time of the marine gas engine 5 will be described.
  • the marine gas engine 5 dual fuel diesel engine
  • the liquid fuel mode is changed to the gas fuel mode to shift to the operation of the gas engine.
  • the gas fuel consumption is switched from 0 to 100% in about 30 seconds as indicated by the rising line at the left end of FIG.
  • the engine coolant has already circulated through the coolant circulation line 68 in the liquid fuel mode and has been cooled by seawater in the cooler 684, so that the heat recovery unit 4 changes to a state in which exhaust heat is recovered. .
  • the exhaust heat recovery function by the heat recovery unit 4 is such that as the gas fuel consumption increases, the amount of heat corresponding to the heat of vaporization of the liquefied natural gas is deprived from the heat medium and returned from the vaporizer 2. As the temperature begins to drop, the engine automatically changes to a state in which more exhaust heat is recovered from the engine coolant.
  • the temperature adjustment unit 73 reduces the temperature of the temperature emitted from the vaporizer 2. Operates to reduce the amount of media mixed. Thereby, following the increase in the amount of LNG vaporized, the temperature of the heat medium circulated toward the vaporizer 2 increases and the heating capacity increases. Accordingly, in the heat medium circulation lines 62 and 63, the temperature adjusting unit 74 always operates by detecting the temperature of the heat medium in the temperature maintaining chamber 623, and sets the basic temperature by setting the temperature within a temperature range of 25 to 60 ° C. A heating medium must be prepared.
  • the vaporizer 2 has a structure set in a state in which a coiled heat transfer tube 22 is immersed in a heat medium container 21 that contains a heat medium.
  • the heat medium flowing in from the lower part of the heat medium container 21 rises while circling along the inner wall of the heat medium container 21, passes through the overflow pipe 24 penetrating from the upper part of the heat medium container 21 to the outside heat medium circulation. It flows out to the line 63.
  • the size of the vaporizer 2 is fixed, so that the total heat transfer area formed by the heat transfer tube 22 in the heat transfer medium container 21 is constant. is there.
  • the amount of vaporized natural gas sent from the heat transfer tube 22 to the engine 5 is reduced (that is, the amount of vaporized natural gas remaining in the heat transfer tube 22 is increased).
  • the heat transfer area of (a region where LNG or LNG and vaporized gas coexist) decreases, and the heat transfer area of the gas heating unit (region where only vaporized natural gas exists) increases.
  • the amount of the heat medium accommodated in the vaporizer 2 (heat medium container 21) is constant regardless of the gas fuel consumption.
  • the degree of the temperature drop of the heat medium due to the cooling in the vaporizer 2 is reduced, the temperature difference between the heat medium and the LNG in the heat transfer tube 22 is increased, and the heat transfer And the temperature of the vaporized natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2 rises.
  • the gas fuel consumption increases, the heat transfer area of the evaporation section increases and the heat transfer area of the gas heating section decreases.
  • the temperature drop of the heat medium is increased, the temperature difference between the heat medium and LNG in the heat transfer tube 22 is reduced, the heat transfer is delayed, and the temperature of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2 is decreased.
  • the present invention has been made paying attention to such characteristics in the carburetor 2 having a constant capacity when the gas fuel consumption varies.
  • FIG. 3 shows five examples in which the temperature of the heat medium (the temperature of the basic temperature heat medium) is different, and each curve shows the basic temperature heat medium adjusted to each predetermined temperature by the temperature adjusting unit 73 in the vaporizer 2. It shows how the temperature of the natural gas discharged from the carburetor 2 changes with respect to the amount of gas fuel consumption that changes depending on the load fluctuation of the gas engine when it is fed.
  • the temperature of the basic temperature heating medium is 45 ° C., 40 ° C., 35 ° C., 30 ° C., and 25 ° C., respectively.
  • the minimum load factor is usually 15% when the maximum load factor is 100%, and the minimum load factor of gas fuel consumption corresponding to it is 19% when the maximum load factor is 100%. Therefore, if the maximum gas fuel consumption is about 400 kg / h, the minimum is about 76 kg / h.
  • the temperature of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2 is about 45 ° C., which is substantially the same as the heat medium temperature.
  • the temperature of natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2 drops to 34 ° C. when the maximum fuel load factor is 100%. At this time, the temperature of the heat medium discharged from the vaporizer 2 is cooled in the vaporizer 2 and lowered to about 41 ° C.
  • the temperature adjusting unit 74 adjusts the temperature of the basic temperature heating medium to 45 ° C., and the gas fuel consumption varies with the change of the gas engine load. That is, while detecting the temperature of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2, the temperature adjustment is performed so that the temperature of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2 (detected temperature at the gas temperature detection unit 641) is 40 ° C. What is necessary is just to increase / decrease the mixing amount of the heat medium (heat medium which is relatively low temperature) which flows through the bypass line 71 in the part 73.
  • the temperature adjusting unit 73 adjusts the mixed heat medium to be about 40 ° C., and the gas fuel consumption is the highest (fuel load factor 100%). ), The temperature adjusting unit 73 is adjusted so that the temperature of the heating medium supplied to the vaporizer 2 is about 45 ° C. (specifically, mixing of the low-temperature-side heating medium via the bypass line 71) To stop). At this time, even if the gas fuel consumption rapidly increases to 100%, the temperature of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2 does not fall below 34 ° C., and the gas fuel consumption rapidly decreases.
  • the temperature of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2 does not exceed 45 ° C., which is the temperature of the basic temperature heat medium.
  • the target value of gas fuel temperature of 40 ° C. ⁇ 5 ° C. can be almost achieved.
  • the temperature adjusting unit 74 adjusts the temperature of the basic temperature heating medium to 35 ° C., and the temperature adjusting unit 73 sets the mixing amount of the low temperature heating medium.
  • the temperature may be adjusted so that the temperature of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2 becomes 27 ° C.
  • the temperature adjusting unit 73 adjusts the mixed heat medium to be about 27 ° C., and the gas fuel consumption is the highest (fuel load factor 100%). ),
  • the temperature adjusting unit 73 is adjusted so that the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the vaporizer 2 is about 35 ° C.
  • the temperature of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2 does not fall below 20 ° C., and the gas fuel consumption rapidly decreases.
  • the temperature of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer 2 does not exceed 35 ° C. Therefore, the target value of the gas fuel temperature of 27 ° C. ⁇ 5 ° C. can be almost achieved.
  • the temperature of the basic temperature heating medium needs to be set at any temperature within a temperature range of 25 ° C to 60 ° C. It is assumed that if the target temperature of natural gas (gas fuel) discharged from the carburetor 2 is determined, the temperature of the natural gas discharged from the carburetor 2 will change according to the change in gas fuel consumption. Thus, the arithmetic average value of the gas temperature and the temperature of the basic temperature heat medium in the case of the 100% load factor with the largest consumption of gas fuel becomes the target value of the gas fuel temperature. According to the example shown in FIG.
  • the gas temperature when the gas fuel consumption is a maximum 100% load factor is 34 ° C.
  • the temperature of the basic temperature heating medium (45 ° C.) is about 40 ° C.
  • the change in the amount of heat recovered by the heat recovery unit 4 becomes small, and the temperature of the basic temperature heat medium starts from 25 ° C. It becomes almost constant within the temperature range of 60 ° C., and the change width becomes small.
  • the amount of the heat medium circulating through the vaporizer 2 is large, even if the change in gas fuel consumption is large, the change width of the heat medium temperature in the vaporizer 2 is small, and the temperature controller 73 alone is the vaporizer. It becomes possible to adjust the temperature of the natural gas discharged from 2 stably. In such a case, the operation of the temperature adjustment unit 74 can be stopped or the temperature adjustment unit 74 can be eliminated.
  • the structure of the vaporizer is not limited to the heat medium tank type vaporizer described in FIG. 1, and any vaporizer capable of vaporizing liquefied natural gas by circulating the heat medium, Any structure may be adopted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de vaporisation de gaz combustible liquéfié (X1) pour fournir un gaz combustible à un dispositif de combustion (5) par vaporisation d'un gaz combustible liquéfié de façon à obtenir un gaz qui sert de gaz combustible pourvu d'un vaporisateur (2) pour vaporiser un gaz combustible liquéfié par chauffage du gaz combustible liquéfié avec un milieu thermique liquide ; d'une unité de récupération de chaleur (4) pour récupérer la chaleur d'échappement du dispositif de combustion (5) au moyen du milieu thermique liquide ; et de conduites de circulation de milieu thermique (62, 63) pour faire circuler le milieu thermique liquide entre l'unité de récupération de chaleur (4) et le vaporisateur (2). Les conduites de circulation de milieu thermique (62, 63) sont pourvues d'unités de mélange (71, 72) pour mélanger le milieu thermique liquide qui a traversé l'unité de récupération de chaleur (4) avec le milieu thermique liquide qui est évacué du vaporisateur (2) et n'a pas traversé l'unité de récupération de chaleur (4).
PCT/JP2018/021362 2017-06-06 2018-06-04 Système de vaporisation de gaz combustible liquéfié et son procédé de commande de température de milieu thermique liquide Ceased WO2018225683A1 (fr)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11344276A (ja) * 1998-06-01 1999-12-14 Jgc Corp 液化ガスの冷熱供給装置およびその運転制御方法
JP2004324761A (ja) * 2003-04-24 2004-11-18 Kobe Steel Ltd 低温液化ガス気化装置の運転方法
JP2006194337A (ja) * 2005-01-13 2006-07-27 Seiko Epson Corp 窒素供給システム
US20100107634A1 (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-06 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Rankine Cycle For LNG Vaporization/Power Generation Process
JP2010267707A (ja) * 2009-05-13 2010-11-25 Kobe Steel Ltd データセンタシステム、および冷熱発電利用データセンタシステム
JP2011117486A (ja) * 2009-12-01 2011-06-16 Ihi Corp 液化ガス気化設備及び方法
JP2013507585A (ja) * 2009-10-09 2013-03-04 クライオスター・ソシエテ・パール・アクシオンス・サンプリフィエ 液化天然ガスの変換
WO2016010478A1 (fr) * 2014-07-16 2016-01-21 Keppel Offshore & Marine Technology Centre Pte Ltd Appareil et procédé pour la regazéification de gaz naturel liquéfié

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11344276A (ja) * 1998-06-01 1999-12-14 Jgc Corp 液化ガスの冷熱供給装置およびその運転制御方法
JP2004324761A (ja) * 2003-04-24 2004-11-18 Kobe Steel Ltd 低温液化ガス気化装置の運転方法
JP2006194337A (ja) * 2005-01-13 2006-07-27 Seiko Epson Corp 窒素供給システム
US20100107634A1 (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-06 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Rankine Cycle For LNG Vaporization/Power Generation Process
JP2010267707A (ja) * 2009-05-13 2010-11-25 Kobe Steel Ltd データセンタシステム、および冷熱発電利用データセンタシステム
JP2013507585A (ja) * 2009-10-09 2013-03-04 クライオスター・ソシエテ・パール・アクシオンス・サンプリフィエ 液化天然ガスの変換
JP2011117486A (ja) * 2009-12-01 2011-06-16 Ihi Corp 液化ガス気化設備及び方法
WO2016010478A1 (fr) * 2014-07-16 2016-01-21 Keppel Offshore & Marine Technology Centre Pte Ltd Appareil et procédé pour la regazéification de gaz naturel liquéfié

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