WO2018224765A1 - Procédé de sélection de colonies d'abeilles présentant le caractère vsh et composition et kit pour sa mise en œuvre - Google Patents
Procédé de sélection de colonies d'abeilles présentant le caractère vsh et composition et kit pour sa mise en œuvre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018224765A1 WO2018224765A1 PCT/FR2018/051295 FR2018051295W WO2018224765A1 WO 2018224765 A1 WO2018224765 A1 WO 2018224765A1 FR 2018051295 W FR2018051295 W FR 2018051295W WO 2018224765 A1 WO2018224765 A1 WO 2018224765A1
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- Prior art keywords
- substance
- methyl
- ethyl
- bees
- colony
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
Definitions
- the present invention is in the field of beekeeping, and more particularly the protection of bees against the parasite Varroa destructor and the selection of colonies resistant to this parasite.
- the present invention relates to a method for determining whether a bee colony has the specific hygienic character of the parasite Varroa destructor, as well as the use of particular substances for such a determination.
- the invention also relates to a composition adapted to the implementation of such a method, as well as a kit for this implementation.
- the parasite Varroa destructor has become the main pathogenic threat of insects of the species Apis mellifera, commonly named, and referred to in this description, for convenience, by the terms “honey bees", “honey bees” "Or simply” bees ".
- This parasite which will be referred to in the present description also by the simple term Varroa, reproduces on developing broods, transmitting on this occasion to the latter several viral species. This causes significant damage in bee colonies, because broods then produce dysfunctional and very short-lived adults, disrupting the social balance of the colony. In the absence of control of this parasite, infested colonies of bees usually disappear in 2 to 3 years.
- VSH behavior for Varroa Sensitive Hygiene English - specific hygienic behavior of Varroa.
- the alveoli containing Varroa females accompanied by immature are preferentially targeted by bees carrying the VSH character. This VSH behavior allows bees to eliminate immature varroa mites.
- Varroa females in VSH-expressing honeybee colonies frequently fail in their reproductive cycles. This failure of Varroa reproduction is called SMR (for the English Suppressed mite reproduction).
- the present invention aims at remedying the drawbacks of the solutions proposed by the prior art for evaluating whether a bee colony is resistant to the Varroa parasite, in particular to the disadvantages described above, by proposing a method for determining in vivo, directly in the hive, if a colony of bees of the species Apis mellifera has the specific hygienic character of the parasite Varroa destructor, this method being easy to implement, preferably by beekeepers themselves, and moreover at low cost.
- Said substance is in particular chosen from:
- the substance is applied in the hive in such a way that it can be detected by the bee, for example in an olfactory manner.
- the application of the substance (s) in the hive is not limited in particular to conditions ensuring that the bee can come into contact with the substance (s).
- the reference response level depends on several parameters, including the type of response analyzed, the particular substance (s) used, their applied concentration in the hive, the method of application, etc. . For a given set of operating parameters, it is within the skills of a person skilled in the art to determine, for a given type of response, the level of reference response which is indicative of the fact that the colony of bees tested has the character specific hygienic of the parasite Varroa destructor. For this purpose, a person skilled in the art may for example carry out, prior to the implementation of the method according to the invention, comparative tests on colonies of guinea pig bees, more particularly to implement on these colonies of bees.
- the method according to the present invention proves particularly simple to implement, in vivo and directly in the hive, which makes it quite suitable for implementation by the beekeepers themselves.
- the type of response analyzed is chosen so as not to require complex and expensive analysis equipment or a long and constraining analysis procedure.
- the method according to the invention thus constitutes a particularly practical tool for estimating the resistance potential of bee colonies to the parasite Varroa destructor, by identifying colonies having a behavior of detection and cleaning parasitized brood cells.
- the process according to the invention constitutes an effective tool for assisting the selection of bee colonies whose breeding must be promoted.
- the method according to the invention may furthermore respond to one or more of the characteristics described below, implemented individually or in each of their technically operating combinations.
- the application of the substance into the hive is carried out by applying this substance to an element in the hive, and the level of response of the bee colony to the hive. exposure to this substance is a level of destruction of this element by the bee colony.
- the analysis of such a type of response that is to say the level of destruction of a given element, which reflects particularly well the natural VSH behavior of bees, whose natural reaction in the presence of Varroa parasite is to uncapping and cleaning infested broods provides a particularly reliable assessment of the VSH character of the bee colony.
- the carrier element of the substance (s) according to the invention may as well be a constituent element of the hive, such as a capped brood frame, an object outside the hive, which is introduced into the beehive for the purposes of the process according to the invention.
- the application of the substance (s) on this element can be carried out in any conventional manner in itself, for example by spraying, dipping, injection, etc.
- the substance (s) may in particular be used in a composition comprising them in a physiologically compatible vehicle, that is to say harmless to bees, and preferably having no effect significant on their behavior.
- This vehicle may as well be in liquid form, in which the substance or substances are solubilized and / or in suspension, or in solid form, in which the substance or substances are dispersed in powder form.
- the determination of the level of response of the bee colony following its exposure to the substance is carried out after at least 1 hour, preferably after at least 2 hours, or after at least 8 hours, or after at least 24 hours, and for example after at least 48 hours, exposure of the bee colony to said substance.
- the application of the substance in the hive is performed at a capped brood frame of the hive.
- This application can be performed by injection of the substance (s) in cells of this frame, or alternatively, by spraying the substance (s) on this frame.
- This latter method is particularly preferred in the context of the invention, because simple and quick to implement.
- This step can be carried out away from the hive, the frame being removed from the hive before reintroducing into the hive once treated. Preferably, it is carried out in situ, where appropriate by extracting the frame of the hive entirely, or only partially.
- the application of the substance (s) at a frame of the hive may consist of spraying the substance (s) on a surface of the frame equivalent to 100 cells.
- the level of response of the bee colony to the exposure to the substance can then be a rate of cells of the frame having been uncapped by the bee colony further. the application of the substance, in relation to the total number of cells to which the substance has been applied.
- the application of the substance in the hive is carried out by introducing into the hive an outer element destructible by the bees, carrying this substance in such a way that the bees of the colony can detect its presence in the hive, for example olfactory way.
- the element is impregnated with the substance.
- the level of response of the bee colony to the exposure to the substance is then the proportion of the element that was destroyed by the bee colony following introduction into the hive. the element carrying the substance (s) according to the invention.
- the amount of substance applied in the hive for carrying out the method according to the invention depends on the particular substance and the chosen method of application.
- This substance (s) may be applied in the hive in combination with one or more substances selected from methyl palmitate, ethyl palmitate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate, stearate ethyl, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate and methyl linolenate; especially in combination with at least two, at least three, at least four, at least five, at least six or at least seven of these substances; or in combination with a mixture of methyl palmitate, ethyl palmitate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate, ethyl stearate, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate and methyl linolenate.
- the method according to the invention can be applied to one or more colonies of the same apiary.
- the results that can be obtained for each of the colonies tested, in terms of the level of response to the exposure to the substance (s), can be compared with each other, so as to determine which colonies present the specific hygienic character of parasite Varroa destructor ⁇ e most important.
- the vehicle used is isohexane.
- the composition contains at least nonacosan-2-one, alone or in admixture with one or more of the tricosan-2-one, pentacosan-2-one, tetracosyl acetate, heptacosan-2-one, hexacosyl acetate, methyl palmitate, ethyl palmitate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate, ethyl stearate, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate and methyl linolenate
- It may, for example, contain at least one nonacosan-2-one and at least one substance, preferably at least two substances, or at least three substances, at least four substances, or preferably at least five substances, among the tricosan-2 -one, pentacosan-2-one, tetracosyl acetate, heptacosan-2-one and hexacosyl acetate.
- composition according to the invention may especially contain at least one substance chosen from tricosan-2-one, pentacosan-2-one, tetracosyl acetate, heptacosan-2-one, hexacosyl acetate and nonacosan-2-one. It may contain at least two, at least three, at least four or at least five of these substances, or all of these six substances.
- composition according to the invention may for example contain a mixture of tricosan-2-one, pentacosan-2-one, tetracosyl acetate, heptacosan-2-one, hexacosyl acetate and nonacosan-2-one, as well as a or a plurality of substances selected from methyl palmitate, ethyl palmitate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate, ethyl stearate, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate and methyl linolenate .
- composition according to the invention may also contain at least two substances chosen from methyl palmitate, ethyl palmitate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate, ethyl stearate and ethyl oleate. , ethyl linoleate and methyl linolenate, for example at least three, at least four, at least five, at least six or at least seven of these substances.
- composition according to the invention may contain the following substances, in the following respectively associated proportions, expressed by weight relative to the total weight of these substances: tricosan-2-one (4.8%), pentacosan -2-one (1 1, 9%), tetracosyl acetate (1 1, 9%), heptacosan-2-one (47.6%), hexacosyl acetate (9.5%) and nonacosyl 2-one (14.3%).
- composition according to the invention may contain the following substances, in the following respectively associated proportions, expressed by weight relative to the total weight of these substances: methyl palmitate (8.1%), ethyl palmitate (27.0%) %), methyl stearate (8.1%), methyl oleate (8.1%), ethyl stearate (21.6%), ethyl oleate (5.4%), ethyl linoleate ( 19.0%) and methyl linolenate (2.7%).
- kits for implementing a method according to the invention comprises: at least one substance chosen from tricosan-2-one, pentacosan-2-one, tetracosyl acetate, heptacosan-2-one, hexacosyl acetate and nonacosan-2 -one, methyl palmitate, ethyl palmitate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate, ethyl stearate, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate and methyl linolenate, or any of their mixtures; for example at least one substance selected from tricosan-2-one, pentacosan-2-one, tetracosyl acetate, heptacosan-2-one, hexacosyl acetate, nonacosan-2-one and a mixture of methyl palmitate, ethyl palmitate, methyl
- the kit comprises an element that can be destroyed by the bees, and capable of conveying the substance (s) in such a way that the bees of the colony can detect its presence when the element is introduced into the hive.
- This element is particularly capable of being impregnated with the substance (s).
- the element and the substance (s), in particular in the form of a composition containing them in a suitable vehicle, may be present in the kit separately, and intended to be assembled by the user himself, especially the beekeeper, for example extemporaneously.
- the element may be present in the kit in a form in which the element already carries the substance, so that the bees of the colony can detect its presence when the element is introduced into the hive.
- the element may be present in the kit in pre-impregnated form with the substance (s) according to the invention.
- the kit according to the invention may further comprise a reference element, also called template element, or reference template, indicative of the fact that the bee colony has the specific hygienic character of the parasite Varroa destructor.
- This reference element is intended to be compared with the element carrying the substance (s) according to the invention having been implemented according to the invention, that is to say having been introduced into the beehive, to determine, in particular visually or by comparative weighing, whether the tested bee colony is or is not carrying the HSV trait.
- FIG. 1 shows a bar graph representing the response of bee colonies, expressed as the rate of uncapping (plus or minus the standard error SE), by the colonies of bees, after 48 hours of exposure to the following compositions , injected into the lids of frames of the hive: isohexane ("Iso", negative control), extract of dead nymphs ("NM”, positive control), composition according to the invention ("C1") at different dilution rates ;
- Iso negative control
- NM extract of dead nymphs
- C1 composition according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows bar graphs, representing the response of bee colonies, expressed as the rate of uncapping (plus or minus the standard SE error), by the bee colonies, after 48 hours of exposure to the compositions. following, injected into the lids of frames of the hive: isohexane ("Iso", negative control), extract of dead nymphs ("NM”, positive control), and different compositions according to the invention, for different concentrations (concentrations in substances according to the invention 3 times more important in b / than a /);
- Iso isohexane
- NM extract of dead nymphs
- FIG. 3 shows a bar graph, representing the response of bee colonies, expressed as the rate of uncapping (plus or minus the standard SE error), by the bee colonies, after 48 hours of exposure to the compositions. following, injected into the lids of frames of the hive: isohexane ("Iso", negative control), extract of dead nymphs ("NM1", positive control), and various compositions according to the invention (C1 0 , C220, C3, Cl30, C230, C4);
- FIG. 4 shows graphs illustrating the results obtained for colonies of bees tested in parallel for their SMR score on the one hand, and by the method according to the invention on the other hand, the result then being expressed in FIG. rate of desoperculation by bee colonies after 48 hours of exposure to the composition according to the invention, injected into the lids of frames of the hive; for different compositions according to the invention: a / C1 0 , b / C2 2 o and cl C3.
- Substances / combinations of substances were solubilized in isohexane and exposed to brood by injection of 1 ⁇ . of the composition obtained through the opercle of alveoli containing nymphs with white to pink eyes using a Hamilton syringe.
- the first step was the validation of the bioassay.
- the treatments were considered as negative controls if after injection they did not trigger more hygienic activity on the treated cells than on untreated cells.
- Three different negative controls were tested: pierced cells (cells injected with 1 ⁇ l of air), isohexane (alveoli injected with 1 ⁇ l of isohexane), extracts of non-parasitized nymphs (cells injected with 1 ⁇ l of extract from non-parasitized nymphs at the violet-eye stage). None of the three controls triggered significant hygienic activity compared to cells that were not handled.
- the negative control from isohexane was chosen as a negative control for the following experiments.
- the purity of the compounds varied between 94 and 99%.
- the identity of all compounds was verified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
- GC-MS gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- the compounds were solubilized in isohexane, except for 2-heptacosanone and 2-nonacosanone which were solubilized in a first time in cyclohexane. All dilutions were made with pure isohexane for all compounds. The compounds and mixtures were tested in different concentrations.
- composition designated C1
- C1 contains the following compounds, in the following proportions by weight, relative to the total weight of these compounds in the composition: tricosan-2-one (4.8%), pentacosan-2-one (1 , 9%), tetracosyl acetate (1 1, 9%), heptacosan-2-one (47.6%), hexacosyl acetate (9.5%) and nonacosan-2-one (14.3%). %).
- the comparison of the response obtained for each dose of composition injected indicates that a significant response is obtained when the dilution ratios of 10 times or less of the composition C1 are used.
- the highest dose tested triggers a response similar to that obtained with the positive control ("NM").
- TrCO tricosan-2-one
- PCO pentacosan-2-one
- TCA tetracosyl acetate
- HPCO heptacosan-2-one
- HCA hexacosyl acetate
- NCO nonacosacan 2-one
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2018279230A AU2018279230A1 (en) | 2017-06-06 | 2018-06-05 | Method for selecting bee colonies having the VSH trait and composition and kit for implementing same |
| EP18749422.4A EP3634133A1 (fr) | 2017-06-06 | 2018-06-05 | Procédé de sélection de colonies d'abeilles présentant le caractère vsh et composition et kit pour sa mise en uvre |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1754978 | 2017-06-06 | ||
| FR1754978A FR3066884B1 (fr) | 2017-06-06 | 2017-06-06 | Procede de selection de colonies d’abeilles presentant le caractere vsh et composition et kit pour sa mise en œuvre |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2018224765A1 true WO2018224765A1 (fr) | 2018-12-13 |
Family
ID=59930473
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2018/051295 Ceased WO2018224765A1 (fr) | 2017-06-06 | 2018-06-05 | Procédé de sélection de colonies d'abeilles présentant le caractère vsh et composition et kit pour sa mise en œuvre |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3634133A1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2018279230A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3066884B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2018224765A1 (fr) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2638326A1 (fr) * | 1988-11-03 | 1990-05-04 | Agronomique Inst Nat Rech | Procede pour la lutte biologique contre la varroatose et dispositifs pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
| WO1993025070A1 (fr) * | 1992-06-16 | 1993-12-23 | Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique | Procede de modulation du comportement des abeilles ouvrieres par des pheromones de couvain |
| US20020182977A1 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2002-12-05 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Synthetic bee pollen foraging pheromone and uses thereof |
| WO2008028269A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-13 | Phero Tech Inc. | Phéromone de couvain synthétique stabilisée pour manipuler le comportement et la physiologie des abeilles domestiques |
| WO2009059415A1 (fr) * | 2007-11-07 | 2009-05-14 | Contech Enterprises Inc. | Dispositif à libération lente pour délivrer une phéromone de couvain d'abeilles stabilisée à l'intérieur de la ruche |
| WO2014023733A1 (fr) * | 2012-08-09 | 2014-02-13 | Universitaet Hohenheim | Composition de phéromones pour traiter une infection par varroa mite |
| WO2017139261A1 (fr) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-17 | Bayer Cropscience Lp | Procédé de lutte contre des acariens parasites |
-
2017
- 2017-06-06 FR FR1754978A patent/FR3066884B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2018
- 2018-06-05 EP EP18749422.4A patent/EP3634133A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-06-05 AU AU2018279230A patent/AU2018279230A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-06-05 WO PCT/FR2018/051295 patent/WO2018224765A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2638326A1 (fr) * | 1988-11-03 | 1990-05-04 | Agronomique Inst Nat Rech | Procede pour la lutte biologique contre la varroatose et dispositifs pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
| WO1993025070A1 (fr) * | 1992-06-16 | 1993-12-23 | Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique | Procede de modulation du comportement des abeilles ouvrieres par des pheromones de couvain |
| US20020182977A1 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2002-12-05 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Synthetic bee pollen foraging pheromone and uses thereof |
| WO2008028269A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-13 | Phero Tech Inc. | Phéromone de couvain synthétique stabilisée pour manipuler le comportement et la physiologie des abeilles domestiques |
| WO2009059415A1 (fr) * | 2007-11-07 | 2009-05-14 | Contech Enterprises Inc. | Dispositif à libération lente pour délivrer une phéromone de couvain d'abeilles stabilisée à l'intérieur de la ruche |
| WO2014023733A1 (fr) * | 2012-08-09 | 2014-02-13 | Universitaet Hohenheim | Composition de phéromones pour traiter une infection par varroa mite |
| WO2017139261A1 (fr) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-17 | Bayer Cropscience Lp | Procédé de lutte contre des acariens parasites |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| AYASSE, MANFRED ET AL: "Caste- and colony-specific chemical signals on eggs of the bumble", CHEMOECOLOGY , 9(3), 119-126 CODEN: CHMOE9; ISSN: 0937-7409, 1999, DOI: 10.1007/S000490050042 10.1007/S000490050042 * |
| DATABASE CAPLUS [online] CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE, COLUMBUS, OHIO, US; AYASSE, MANFRED ET AL: "Caste- and colony-specific chemical signals on eggs of the bumble", XP002774762, retrieved from STN Database accession no. 1999:680436 * |
| DATABASE CAPLUS [online] CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE, COLUMBUS, OHIO, US; HEFETZ, ABRAHAM ET AL: "The exocrinology of the queen bumble bee Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini)", XP002774763, retrieved from STN Database accession no. 1996:437700 * |
| HEFETZ, ABRAHAM ET AL: "The exocrinology of the queen bumble bee Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini)", ZEITSCHRIFT FUER NATURFORSCHUNG, C: BIOSCIENCES , 51(5/6), 409-422 CODEN: ZNCBDA; ISSN: 0341-0382, 1996 * |
| VILLA ET AL., APIDOLOGIE, vol. 47, no. 6, 2016, pages 771 - 778 |
| VILLA ET AL., JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH, vol. 48, no. 3, 2009, pages 162 - 167 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3634133A1 (fr) | 2020-04-15 |
| AU2018279230A1 (en) | 2020-01-16 |
| FR3066884B1 (fr) | 2020-12-18 |
| FR3066884A1 (fr) | 2018-12-07 |
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