WO2018220804A1 - 中継機および空気調和装置 - Google Patents
中継機および空気調和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018220804A1 WO2018220804A1 PCT/JP2017/020500 JP2017020500W WO2018220804A1 WO 2018220804 A1 WO2018220804 A1 WO 2018220804A1 JP 2017020500 W JP2017020500 W JP 2017020500W WO 2018220804 A1 WO2018220804 A1 WO 2018220804A1
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- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- pipe
- valve
- control valve
- liquid
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0231—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with simultaneous cooling and heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0311—Pressure sensors near the expansion valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/13—Economisers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/23—Separators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
- F25B2500/222—Detecting refrigerant leaks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a relay device that distributes a refrigerant supplied from a heat source device to a plurality of indoor units, and an air conditioner including the relay device.
- an air conditioner in which heating operation or cooling operation is individually performed in a plurality of indoor units, for example, heat, cold, or both heat and cold generated in a heat source device are efficiently supplied to a plurality of loads.
- Refrigerant circuit and structure Such an air conditioner is applied to, for example, a building multi-air conditioner.
- a cooling operation or a heating operation is performed by circulating a refrigerant between an outdoor unit that is a heat source unit arranged outdoors and an indoor unit arranged indoors. Is executed.
- cooling or heating of the air-conditioning target space is performed by air cooled by heat absorbed by the refrigerant or air heated by heat released from the refrigerant.
- an HFC refrigerant that is, a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant is often used.
- An air conditioner using a natural refrigerant such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) has also been proposed.
- Patent Document 1 An air conditioner that performs simultaneous cooling and heating operations has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the air conditioning apparatus described in Patent Literature 1 includes a heat source unit and a plurality of indoor units, and the heat source unit and the plurality of indoor units are connected in parallel by a first connection pipe and a second connection pipe. Yes.
- the air conditioning apparatus of patent document 1 is provided with the relay machine which has a 1st branch part and a 2nd branch part.
- the first branch part connects one side of the plurality of indoor units to the first connection pipe or the second connection pipe in a switchable manner
- the second branch part connects the other side of the plurality of indoor units, It is connected to the second connection pipe.
- the cooling electromagnetic valve and the heating electromagnetic valve in the first branch portion are configured by a check valve connected in antiparallel, and causes the refrigerant to flow in one direction in accordance with the switching of the refrigerant in the first branch portion.
- the air conditioning apparatus described in Patent Document 1 has a cooling electromagnetic valve and a heating electromagnetic valve for each indoor unit, and performs simultaneous cooling and heating operations by opening and closing these electromagnetic valves.
- a solenoid valve for example, a one-way solenoid valve having a simple structure is used in order to make the product compact.
- the one-way solenoid valve is opened when electric power is supplied, but the flow in one direction is interrupted and the flow in the reverse direction is allowed when electric power is not supplied.
- one check valve is always in a state in which the refrigerant flow from the relay unit to the indoor unit is allowed.
- the refrigerant pressure in the pipe is averaged, the pressure in the low-pressure pipe becomes higher than the pressure on the indoor unit side, and the refrigerant is supplied to the first branch portion and the second branch. It may move to the indoor unit side through the branch part.
- a configuration that can shut off the relay unit and the indoor unit even when power is not supplied to the air conditioner is desired. .
- vacuum drawing is performed to extract air in the pipe. Since vacuuming is performed from the outdoor unit, it is necessary to secure a flow path so that the air flow from the indoor unit to the outdoor unit is not hindered during vacuuming.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a relay machine and an air conditioner that can take measures against refrigerant leakage and ensure workability and maintainability.
- the relay machine and the air conditioner according to the present invention are connected to the heat source machine by the first connection pipe and the second connection pipe, and to the plurality of indoor units by the first gas branch pipe and the first liquid branch pipe, respectively.
- the first relay that is connected and distributes the refrigerant supplied from the heat source unit to the plurality of indoor units
- one is connected to the first gas branch pipe is opened during the cooling operation, and is closed during the heating operation.
- One of the first cooling solenoid valves that is connected to the first gas branch pipe is opened during the heating operation, and is closed during the cooling operation.
- a first check valve connected to the first liquid branch pipe and one of which is connected to the first liquid branch pipe and allows the refrigerant to flow out to the first liquid branch pipe.
- a second check valve that allows refrigerant to flow in from the pipe, the first connection pipe, and the first cooling valve.
- a first low-pressure gas pipe that connects the other of the electromagnetic valves for operation, a first high-pressure gas pipe that connects the second connection pipe and the other of the first heating electromagnetic valve, and the second
- the refrigerant flow from the solenoid valve to the first connection pipe is allowed, and when the electric power is not supplied, the refrigerant flow from the first connection pipe to the first cooling solenoid valve is blocked.
- a control valve and a second control valve provided in the first liquid pipe that opens when power is supplied and shuts off a refrigerant flow toward the first check valve when power is not supplied Are provided.
- the first low pressure gas pipe is provided with the first control valve
- the first liquid pipe is provided with the second control valve. Therefore, the first control valve and the second control valve allow the refrigerant flow during operation and the air flow during the vacuum operation, and block the refrigerant movement from the repeater to the indoor unit during operation stop. it can.
- the first control valve and the second control valve are not only supplied with power to the air conditioner, but also in a state where power cannot be supplied to the air conditioner, for example, before power construction or during a power failure. Can block outflow of the refrigerant to the indoor unit side. Therefore, the relay machine and the air conditioner suppress the leakage of the refrigerant in the indoor unit such as the indoor unit, the first gas branch pipe, and the first liquid branch pipe, and the work at the time of construction and maintenance such as vacuum drawing etc. Easy to do.
- the one-way electromagnetic valve is an electromagnetic valve that is opened when electric power is supplied to the electromagnetic valve, and that blocks flow in one direction but allows reverse flow when electric power is not supplied.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the air conditioning apparatus 100 includes a heat source unit A, a plurality of indoor units B, C, and D, a first relay unit E, and a control unit 80.
- the case where three indoor units B, C, and D are connected to one heat source unit A is illustrated, but the number of heat source units A and the number of indoor units are It is not limited.
- the air conditioning apparatus 100 is configured by connecting a heat source unit A, a plurality of indoor units B, C, and D, and a first relay unit E.
- the heat source unit A has a function of supplying hot or cold to the plurality of indoor units B, C, and D.
- the plurality of indoor units B, C, and D are connected in parallel to each other and have the same configuration.
- Each of the indoor units B, C, and D has a function of cooling or heating an air-conditioning target space such as an indoor space by using heat or cold supplied from the heat source device A.
- the first relay unit E is interposed between the heat source unit A and the plurality of indoor units B, C, D, and is supplied from the heat source unit A in response to requests from the indoor units B, C, D.
- the air conditioner 100 also includes a plurality of sensors (hereinafter referred to as a sensor group 60) such as a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor that detect the state of the refrigerant, and a plurality of first refrigerant detection sensors 85b and 85c that detect the refrigerant. , 85d.
- the sensor group 60 includes, for example, a discharge pressure detection sensor 61, a liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 62, a downstream side liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 63, and the like.
- the sensor group 60 includes a plurality of temperature sensors provided in the piping of the first relay E, temperature sensors provided in the indoor units B, C, and D, respectively. Shall be.
- the heat source machine A includes a variable capacity compressor 1, a flow path switching device 2, a heat source side heat exchanger 3 that functions as an evaporator or a condenser, an accumulator 4, and a heat source side stream that restricts the flow direction of the refrigerant.
- the flow path switching device 2 switches the refrigerant flow direction in the heat source device A, and the accumulator 4 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 1 via the flow path switching device 2.
- the flow-path switching apparatus 2 is a four-way valve, you may comprise by combining a two-way valve or a three-way valve.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is composed of, for example, a plate fin and tube type heat exchanger. Although not shown, the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is provided with an outdoor fan such as a fan, and the heat source side heat exchanger 3 exchanges heat between the air supplied from the outdoor fan and the refrigerant in the pipe. Do. One of the heat source side heat exchangers 3 is connected to the second connection pipe 7, and the other is connected to the suction side of the accumulator 4 in the heating operation mode by the switching of the flow path switching device 2, and compressed in the cooling operation mode. Connected to the discharge side of the machine 1.
- the heat source side flow path adjustment unit 20 includes a heat source side first check valve 21, a heat source side second check valve 22, a heat source side third check valve 23, and a heat source side fourth check valve 24.
- the heat source side first check valve 21 is provided in a pipe connecting the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and the second connection pipe 7, and the refrigerant flows from the heat source side heat exchanger 3 to the second connection pipe 7. Is acceptable.
- the heat source side second check valve 22 is provided in a pipe that connects the flow path switching device 2 of the heat source apparatus A and the first connection pipe 6, and the refrigerant is directed from the first connection pipe 6 to the flow path switching apparatus 2. Allow distribution.
- the heat source side third check valve 23 is provided in a pipe connecting the flow path switching device 2 and the second connection pipe 7, and allows the refrigerant to flow from the flow path switching apparatus 2 toward the second connection pipe 7. To do.
- the heat source side fourth check valve 24 is provided in a pipe connecting the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and the first connection pipe 6, and the refrigerant flows from the first connection pipe 6 toward the heat source side heat exchanger 3. Is acceptable.
- the heat source machine A is provided with a discharge pressure detection sensor 61.
- the discharge pressure detection sensor 61 is provided in a pipe connecting the flow path switching device 2 and the discharge side of the compressor 1, and detects the discharge pressure of the compressor 1.
- the indoor unit B includes an indoor heat exchanger 5b that functions as a condenser or an evaporator, and a first flow rate control device 9b.
- the indoor unit C includes an indoor side heat exchanger 5c and a first flow rate control device 9c, and the indoor unit D includes an indoor side heat exchanger 5d and a first flow rate control device 9d.
- the first flow rate control device 9b is controlled by the superheat amount on the outlet side of the indoor heat exchanger 5b during cooling. Moreover, the 1st flow control apparatus 9b is controlled by the subcooling amount by the side of the exit of the indoor side heat exchanger 5b at the time of heating.
- the indoor unit B includes a first refrigerant detection sensor 85b that detects refrigerant in the indoor space, a temperature sensor (not shown), and the like.
- the first refrigerant detection sensor 85b connects the indoor unit B and the first relay E such as the indoor unit B or the first gas branch pipe 6b and the first liquid branch pipe 7b. Detects refrigerant leakage from piping to indoor space.
- the first refrigerant detection sensor 85b may be of any type as long as it can detect leakage of the refrigerant used in the air conditioning apparatus 100.
- the first refrigerant detection sensor 85b may be, for example, a semiconductor type or an infrared type, and may detect refrigerant leakage based on a change in refrigerant gas concentration or a change in ambient air temperature at a place where the first refrigerant detection sensor 85b is installed.
- the position where the first refrigerant detection sensor 85b is installed may be a place where refrigerant leakage is easily detected according to the characteristics of the refrigerant, indoor convection, and the like.
- the indoor unit B has been described above, but the indoor unit C and the indoor unit D also have the same configuration as the indoor unit B.
- the first relay E includes a first branching unit 10, a second branching unit 11, a gas-liquid separator 12, a second flow rate control device 13, a third flow rate control device 15, and a first heat exchange unit. 19 and the second heat exchanging section 16 and the like.
- the first relay unit E is interposed between the heat source unit A and the plurality of indoor units B, C, D, and is supplied from the heat source unit A in response to requests from the indoor units B, C, D. And the refrigerant supplied from the heat source unit A is distributed to the plurality of indoor units B, C, and D.
- the flow path switching device 2 of the heat source device A and the first relay device E are connected by a first connection pipe 6.
- the indoor side heat exchangers 5b, 5c, 5d of the plurality of indoor units B, C, D and the first relay unit E are a plurality of indoor units B, C, D side corresponding to the first connection pipe 6.
- the first gas branch pipes 6b, 6c and 6d are connected.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 3 of the heat source machine A and the first relay machine E are connected by a second connection pipe 7 having a smaller diameter than the first connection pipe 6.
- the first relay E has a first low-pressure gas pipe 6g, a first high-pressure gas pipe 7g, a first liquid pipe 7l, etc., and the first connection pipe 6 is a first low-pressure gas. Connected to tube 6g.
- the second connection pipe 7 is connected to the first high-pressure gas pipe 7g and the first liquid pipe 7l via the gas-liquid separator 12.
- the gas-liquid separator 12 separates the refrigerant in the gas state from the refrigerant in the liquid state.
- the gas-liquid separator 12 has an inflow side connected to the second connection pipe 7, a gas outflow side connected to the first branch portion 10 via the first high-pressure gas pipe 7 g, and a liquid outflow side connected to the first liquid pipe It is connected to the second branch part 11 through 7l.
- the first branching unit 10 includes first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b, 32c, and 32d and first heating electromagnetic valves 30b, 30c, and 30d corresponding to the indoor units B, C, and D, respectively. Yes.
- One of the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b is connected to the first gas branch pipe 6b, and the other is connected to the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g.
- one of the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32c is connected to the first gas branch pipe 6c, and the other is connected to the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g.
- One of the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32d is connected to the first gas branch pipe 6d, and the other is connected to the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g.
- Each of the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b, 32c, 32d is opened during the cooling operation of each indoor unit B, C, D, and is closed during the heating operation.
- One of the first heating solenoid valves 30b is connected to the first gas branch pipe 6b, and the other is connected to the first high-pressure gas pipe 7g.
- one of the first heating solenoid valves 30c is connected to the first gas branch pipe 6c, and the other is connected to the first high-pressure gas pipe 7g.
- One of the first heating solenoid valves 30d is connected to the first gas branch pipe 6d, and the other is connected to the first high-pressure gas pipe 7g.
- Each of the first heating solenoid valves 30b, 30c, 30d is opened during the heating operation of each indoor unit B, C, D, and is closed during the cooling operation.
- the first branching unit 10 connects the plurality of indoor units B, C, and D to the first connection pipe 6 or the second connection pipe 7 in a switchable manner.
- the plurality of first cooling solenoid valves 32b, 32c, 32d and the plurality of first heating solenoid valves 30b, 30c, 30d are each configured by, for example, a one-way solenoid valve.
- two solenoid valves are connected in parallel to form the first cooling solenoid valves 32b, 32c, and 32d.
- the number of solenoid valves is not limited to two, and is composed of one solenoid valve. Alternatively, it may be composed of three or more solenoid valves.
- the second branch portion 11 is connected to each of the first liquid branch pipes 7b, 7c, and 7d, and the other is connected to the first liquid pipe 7l.
- the refrigerant flow direction during cooling operation and the heating operation time The flow direction of the refrigerant is different.
- the second branch portion 11 includes a plurality of first check valves 50b, 50c, 50d and a plurality of second check valves 52b, 52c, 52d.
- the first check valve and the second check valve are provided in a number corresponding to the number of indoor units B, C, and D.
- the plurality of first check valves 50b, 50c, and 50d are connected to the first liquid branch pipe 7b, the first liquid branch pipe 7c, or the first liquid branch pipe 7d, respectively, and the first liquid pipe
- the flow of the refrigerant from 7l toward the first liquid branch pipe 7b, the first liquid branch pipe 7c, or the first liquid branch pipe 7d is allowed.
- the plurality of second check valves 52b, 52c, and 52d are arranged in parallel with the first check valve 50b, the first check valve 50c, or the first check valve 50d, respectively. 7b, the first liquid branch pipe 7c or the first liquid branch pipe 7d.
- Each of the second check valves 52b, 52c, 52d is a refrigerant directed from the first liquid branch pipe 7b, the first liquid branch pipe 7c, or the first liquid branch pipe 7d to the first liquid pipe 7l. Allow distribution.
- the first liquid pipe 7l is located on the upstream side of the second branch portion 11, and on the downstream side of the first check valves 50b, 50c, 50d in the plurality of first liquid branch pipes 7b, 7c, 7d.
- the first liquid branch pipe 17 is bypassed.
- the first liquid branch pipe 17 is connected to the plurality of first liquid branch pipes 7b, 7c, and 7d, and the first liquid branch pipe 17 is connected to the first liquid pipe 7l. It joins with the pipe which is in the middle. Further, the first liquid pipe 7 l and the first low-pressure gas pipe 6 g are bypassed by the first bypass pipe 14.
- Each of the second check valves 52b, 52c, 52d is connected to the first liquid branch pipe 7b, the first liquid branch pipe 7c, or the first liquid branch pipe 7d in the first liquid branch pipe 17. It is provided in each pipe. A flow path from the first liquid pipe 7l to the first flow rate control devices 9b, 9c, 9d of the indoor units B, C, D via the first check valves 50b, 50c, 50d, respectively. Composed. Further, a flow path is formed from the first flow rate control devices 9b, 9c, 9d of the indoor units B, C, D to the first liquid pipe 7l via the second check valves 52b, 52c, 52d. Is done.
- the first relay unit E includes a direction control device 90 (see FIG. 2) that controls the refrigerant flow toward the plurality of indoor units B, C, and D.
- the direction control device 90 includes a first control valve 91 provided in the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g and a second control valve 92 provided in the first liquid pipe 7l.
- the first control valve 91 allows the refrigerant flow from the plurality of first cooling solenoid valves 32b, 32c, 32d to the first connection pipe 6, and from the first connection pipe 6 to the plurality of first coolings. The refrigerant flow toward the electromagnetic valves 32b, 32c, and 32d is blocked.
- the first control valve 91 is constituted by, for example, a check valve.
- the second control valve 92 is opened when electric power is supplied, and blocks the refrigerant flow toward the plurality of first check valves 50b, 50c, and 50d when electric power is not supplied.
- the second control valve 92 is constituted by a one-way electromagnetic valve, for example.
- the second flow rate control device 13 is composed of, for example, an openable / closable electric expansion valve 13a and an open / close electromagnetic valve 13b
- the third flow rate control device 15 is also composed of an electric expansion valve 15a, an open / close electromagnetic valve 15b, and the like. Composed.
- the 1st heat exchanging part 19 and the 2nd heat exchanging part 16 respectively exchange heat between piping.
- the gas-liquid separator 12 and the second branching unit 11 are connected to each other via the first heat exchange unit 19, the second flow rate control device 13, and the second heat exchange unit 16.
- the first bypass pipe 14 is provided with a third flow control device 15, and the second branch portion 11 and the first low-pressure gas pipe 6 g are connected to the third flow control device 15 and the second heat.
- the exchange unit 16 and the first heat exchange unit 19 are connected to each other.
- the first heat exchange unit 19 heats the upstream side of the second flow rate control device 13 in the first liquid pipe 71 and the downstream side of the second heat exchange unit 16 in the first bypass pipe 14. Exchange.
- the second heat exchanging unit 16 heats the downstream side of the second flow rate control device 13 in the first liquid pipe 7l and the downstream side of the third flow rate control device 15 in the first bypass pipe 14. Exchange.
- the first relay E is provided with a liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 62, a downstream liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 63, and the like.
- the liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 62 is provided between the first heat exchange unit 19 and the second flow control device 13 in the first liquid pipe 7l, and the pressure of the refrigerant on the liquid outflow side of the gas-liquid separator 12 Is detected.
- the downstream liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 63 is provided between the second flow rate control device 13 and the second heat exchange unit 16 in the first liquid pipe 7l, and the second flow rate control device 13 and the second flow rate control device 13 are connected to each other.
- coolant between the heat exchange parts 16 is detected. That is, the downstream liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 63 detects the pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the portion where the plurality of first liquid branch pipes 7b, 7c, 7d join.
- the refrigerant examples include natural refrigerants such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), hydrocarbons, and helium, CFC-free refrigerants that do not contain chlorine such as HFC410A, HFC407C, and HFC404A, and CFC-based refrigerants such as R22 and R134a that are used in existing products. Etc. are used.
- HFC407C is a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture in which R32, R125, and R134a of HFC are mixed at a ratio of 23 wt%, 25 wt%, and 52 wt%, respectively.
- the inside of the piping of the air conditioning apparatus 100 may be filled with a heat medium instead of the refrigerant.
- the heat medium is, for example, water, brine or the like.
- Control device 80 The control device 80 is composed of, for example, a microcomputer and controls the entire air conditioner 100. Based on the detection information received from the sensor group 60 and the plurality of first refrigerant detection sensors 85b, 85c, 85d, etc., and an instruction from a remote controller (not shown), the control device 80 controls the air conditioner 100. Take control.
- the control device 80 may be mounted on any one of the heat source unit A, the indoor unit B, the indoor unit C, the indoor unit D, or the first relay unit E, and all the functions are mounted separately. Also good. In addition to the heat source unit A, the plurality of indoor units B, C, D, and the first relay unit E, the control device 80 may be installed. Moreover, when the air conditioning apparatus 100 has a plurality of control devices 80, the plurality of control devices 80 are connected to each other so that they can communicate with each other wirelessly or by wire.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing functions of the control device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the control device 80 includes an operation control unit 81 and a leakage detection unit 82.
- the operation control unit 81 acquires detection information from the sensor group 60 and controls each device based on the acquired detection information. Specifically, the operation control unit 81 controls the drive frequency of the compressor 1, the rotational speed of the outdoor fan, switching of the flow path switching device 2, and the like. The operation control unit 81 controls the opening degree of the first flow rate control devices 9b, 9c, and 9d, the rotation speed of an indoor fan (not shown), and the like for each of the indoor units B, C, and D. The operation control unit 81 opens / closes the plurality of first cooling solenoid valves 32b, 32c, 32d, opens / closes the plurality of first heating solenoid valves 30b, 30c, 30d, and the second relay E.
- the flow rate control device 13 and the third flow rate control device 15 are controlled. Further, the operation control unit 81 controls the opening degree of the first control valve 91 and the opening and closing of the second control valve 92. The operation control unit 81 controls the power supply of each unit such as the heat source unit A, the plurality of indoor units B, C, D, and the first relay unit E. In addition, when the 1st control valve 91 is comprised by a non-return valve, the 1st control valve 91 does not require control.
- the leakage detection unit 82 acquires detection information from the plurality of first refrigerant detection sensors 85b, 85c, and 85d, and determines whether or not refrigerant leakage is detected based on the acquired detection information. When the refrigerant leakage is detected, the operation control unit 81 is notified.
- the air conditioner 100 has a cooling only operation, a heating only operation, a cooling main operation, and a heating main operation as normal operation modes.
- the all-cooling operation is a mode in which all of the plurality of indoor units B, C, and D perform the cooling operation.
- the all heating operation is a mode in which all of the plurality of indoor units B, C, and D perform the heating operation.
- the cooling main operation is a mode in which the capacity of the cooling operation is larger than the capacity of the heating operation among the simultaneous cooling and heating operations.
- the heating main operation is a mode in which the heating operation capacity is larger than the cooling operation capacity in the simultaneous cooling and heating operation.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a state in the cooling only operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the cooling only operation will be described.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the flow path switching device 2 and exchanges heat with air blown by an outdoor blower with variable air flow in the heat source side heat exchanger 3. It is condensed and liquefied.
- the liquefied refrigerant flows in the order of the heat source side first check valve 21, the second connection pipe 7, the gas-liquid separation device 12, and the first liquid pipe 7l.
- the liquid branch pipes 7b, 7c, and 7d pass through the indoor units B, C, and D.
- the refrigerant passes through the second flow control device 13 and the second control valve 92.
- coolant which flowed into each of indoor unit B, C, D was controlled according to the superheat amount of the exit side of each indoor side heat exchanger 5b, 5c, 5d was controlled.
- the pressure is reduced to a low pressure by the devices 9b, 9c and 9d.
- the decompressed refrigerant flows into the indoor side heat exchangers 5b, 5c, and 5d, exchanges heat with indoor air in each of the indoor side heat exchangers 5b, 5c, and 5d to evaporate and gasifies each room.
- the gas refrigerant includes the first gas branch pipes 6b, 6c, 6d, the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b, 32c, 32d, the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g, and the first Pass through the connecting pipe 6.
- the gas refrigerant that has passed through the first connection pipe 6 is sucked into the compressor 1 through the heat source side second check valve 22, the flow path switching device 2 of the heat source apparatus A, and the accumulator 4.
- any of the first heating solenoid valves 30b, 30c, 30d is closed, and any of the first cooling solenoid valves 32b, 32c, 32d is open. Since the first connection pipe 6 has a low pressure and the second connection pipe 7 has a high pressure, the refrigerant flows through the heat source side first check valve 21 and the heat source side second check valve 22.
- the refrigerant flowing into the first bypass pipe 14 is decompressed to a low pressure by the third flow control device 15.
- the decompressed refrigerant is heat-exchanged with the refrigerant that has passed through the second flow rate control device 13 in the second heat exchange unit 16, and is further subjected to the second flow rate control in the first heat exchange unit 19. It evaporates by exchanging heat with the refrigerant before flowing into the device 13.
- the evaporated refrigerant flows into the first connection pipe 6 and the heat source side second check valve 22 and is sucked into the compressor 1 through the flow path switching device 2 and the accumulator 4 of the heat source machine A.
- the refrigerant that flows through the first liquid pipe 7l and is supercooled in the first heat exchange unit 19 and the second heat exchange unit 16 is supplied to the first check valves 50b, 50c, and 50d. It passes through each and flows into each indoor unit B, C, D that is going to be cooled.
- the control device 80 determines the capacity of the compressor 1 and the outdoor capacity so that the evaporation temperature of each of the indoor units B, C, and D and the condensation temperature of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 become a predetermined target temperature.
- the air volume of the blower is adjusted. For this reason, the target cooling capacity can be obtained in each of the indoor units B, C, and D.
- the condensation temperature of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is obtained as the saturation temperature of the pressure detected by the discharge pressure detection sensor 61.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a state during the heating only operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Next, the all heating operation will be described.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 includes a flow path switching device 2, a heat source side third check valve 23, a second connection pipe 7, a gas-liquid separation device 12, a first high-pressure gas pipe 7g,
- the first heating solenoid valves 30b, 30c, 30d and the first gas branch pipes 6b, 6c, 6d pass in this order.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the first gas branch pipes 6b, 6c, and 6d flows into the indoor units B, C, and D, respectively.
- the refrigerant flowing into each indoor unit B, C, D is condensed and liquefied by exchanging heat with room air, and each room is heated.
- coolant passes each 1st flow control device 9b, 9c, 9d by which the opening degree was controlled according to the amount of subcools of the exit side of each indoor side heat exchanger 5b, 5c, 5d.
- the refrigerant flowing out from each of the first flow control devices 9b, 9c, 9d flows into the second branch part 11 from each of the first liquid branch pipes 7b, 7c, 7d, and each of the second check valves 52b. , 52c, 52d, and then merge in the first liquid branch pipe 17.
- the refrigerant merged at the second branch portion 11 is further guided between the second flow control device 13 of the first liquid pipe 7 l and the second heat exchange portion 16 and flows into the first bypass pipe 14. And passes through the third flow control device 15.
- the refrigerant is decompressed to a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase in each of the first flow control devices 9b, 9c, 9d and the third flow control device 15.
- coolant decompressed to low pressure passes the heat source side 4th non-return valve 24 of the heat source machine A through the 1st connection piping 6, flows in into the heat source side heat exchanger 3, and the ventilation volume outdoor Heat exchanges with the air supplied by the blower to evaporate.
- the refrigerant that has evaporated to a gas state is sucked into the compressor 1 through the flow path switching device 2 and the accumulator 4.
- any of the first heating solenoid valves 30b, 30c, 30d is opened.
- any of the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b, 32c, 32d is closed.
- the control device 80 sets the capacity of the compressor 1 and the outdoor capacity so that the condensation temperatures of the indoor units B, C, and D and the evaporation temperature of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 become predetermined target temperatures. The air volume of the blower is adjusted. For this reason, the target heating capacity can be obtained in each of the indoor units B, C, and D.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a state during the cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and the cooling main operation will be described.
- the air conditioner 100 it is assumed that there is a cooling request from the indoor unit B and the indoor unit C, and a heating request from the indoor unit D.
- the first heating solenoid valve 30b and the first heating solenoid valve 30c connected to the indoor units B and C are closed, and the first heating solenoid valve connected to the indoor unit D is closed. 30d is opened.
- the first cooling electromagnetic valve 32b and the first cooling electromagnetic valve 32c connected to the indoor units B and C are opened, and the first cooling electromagnetic valve 32d connected to the indoor unit D is closed. Has been.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 3 through the flow path switching device 2, and is blown by the outdoor blower with variable air flow rate.
- the heat is exchanged to a two-phase high temperature and high pressure state.
- control apparatus 80 adjusts the capacity
- a target heating capacity or cooling capacity can be obtained.
- the two-phase high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is sent to the gas-liquid separator 12 of the first relay E via the heat source side first check valve 21 and the second connection pipe 7, and the gas refrigerant, liquid refrigerant, Separated. Then, the gas refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 12 flows in the order of the first high-pressure gas pipe 7g, each first heating electromagnetic valve 30d of the first branch portion 10, and the first gas branch pipe 6d. And flows into the indoor unit D to be heated. The gas refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit D is heat-exchanged with indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 5d to be condensed and liquefied. At that time, the room is heated by the indoor unit D.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor heat exchanger 5d passes through the first flow rate control device 9d whose opening degree is controlled according to the amount of subcooling on the outlet side of the indoor heat exchanger 5d of the indoor unit D, and is decompressed. And flows into the second branch portion 11.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the second branch portion 11 passes through the first liquid branch pipe 17 including the second check valve 52d, and is downstream of the second flow control device 13 in the first liquid pipe 7l. Inflow.
- the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separation device 12 passes through the second flow rate control device 13 controlled by the detection pressure of the liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 62 and the detection pressure of the downstream liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 63. Then, the refrigerant passes through the indoor unit D. The merged refrigerant flows into the second heat exchange unit 16 and is cooled by the second heat exchange unit 16.
- a part of the refrigerant cooled by the second heat exchange unit 16 flows into the first check valves 50b and 50c, and cools through the first liquid branch pipes 7b and 7c. It enters into each indoor unit B and C.
- the refrigerant flowing into each of the indoor units B and C is depressurized in each of the first flow rate control devices 9b and 9c whose opening degree is controlled in accordance with the amount of superheat on the outlet side of each of the indoor heat exchangers 5b and 5c. Is done.
- the decompressed refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchangers 5b and 5c to exchange heat, and evaporates and gasifies.
- each room is cooled by each of the indoor units B and C.
- the gasified refrigerant flows into the first connection pipe 6 through the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b and 32c and the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g.
- the remainder of the refrigerant cooled by the second heat exchange unit 16 is set so that the pressure difference between the detection pressure of the liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 62 and the detection pressure of the downstream liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 63 falls within the set range. It passes through the third flow rate control device 15 whose opening degree is controlled. Then, after heat-exchanged by the 2nd heat exchange part 16 and the 1st heat exchange part 19, and evaporating, in the 1st connection piping 6, it merges with the refrigerant which passed each indoor unit B and C. The refrigerant merged in the first connection pipe 6 is sucked into the compressor 1 through the heat source side second check valve 22 of the heat source apparatus A, the flow path switching device 2 and the accumulator 4.
- the refrigerant flows through the heat source side first check valve 21 and the heat source side second check valve 22. Furthermore, since the first liquid branch pipes 7b and 7c have a lower pressure than the first liquid pipe 7l, the refrigerant does not pass through the second check valves 52b and 52c. Since the first liquid branch pipe 7d has a higher pressure than the first liquid pipe 7l, the refrigerant does not pass through the first check valve 50d.
- each first check valve 50b, 50c, 50d and each second check valve 52b, 52c, 52d the refrigerant that has passed through the indoor unit D during heating operation does not pass through the second heat exchange unit 16, This prevents the indoor units B and C from flowing into the air-cooling operation in a state where the sub-cool is not sufficiently applied.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a state during heating-main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and the heating-main operation will be described.
- the air conditioner 100 it is assumed that there is a heating request from the indoor unit B and the indoor unit C, and a cooling request from the indoor unit D.
- the first heating electromagnetic valves 30b and 30c connected to the indoor units B and C are opened, and the first heating electromagnetic valve 30d connected to the indoor unit D is closed.
- the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b and 32c connected to the indoor units B and C are closed, and the first cooling electromagnetic valve 32d connected to the indoor unit D is opened.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the flow path switching device 2, the heat source-side third check valve 23, and the second connection pipe 7, so that the first relay machine E, and passes through the gas-liquid separator 12.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the gas-liquid separator 12 passes through the first high-pressure gas pipe 7g and flows into the first heating electromagnetic valves 30b and 30c of the first branch portion 10.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the first heating solenoid valves 30b and 30c passes through the first gas branch pipes 6b and 6c, and flows into the indoor units B and C that are to be heated.
- the refrigerant flowing into each of the indoor units B and C is condensed and liquefied by exchanging heat with the indoor air in the indoor heat exchangers 5b and 5c. At this time, each room is heated by each of the indoor units B and C.
- the liquefied refrigerant passes through the first flow rate control devices 9b and 9c whose opening degree is controlled in accordance with the amount of subcooling on the outlet side of the indoor heat exchangers 5b and 5c, and is depressurized to be the second branch portion. 11 flows in.
- the refrigerant flowing into the second branch portion 11 joins the refrigerant flowing through the first liquid pipe 7l through the first liquid branch pipe 17 including the second check valves 52b and 52c, It is cooled by the heat exchange unit 16.
- a part of the refrigerant cooled by the second heat exchange unit 16 passes through the first check valve 50d and the first liquid branch pipe 7d and enters the indoor unit D that performs the cooling operation.
- coolant which flowed into the indoor unit D enters into the 1st flow control apparatus 9d by which the opening degree was controlled according to the superheat amount of the exit side of the indoor side heat exchanger 5d, and is decompressed.
- the decompressed refrigerant flows into the indoor heat exchanger 5d, where it is heat-exchanged and evaporated to gasify. At this time, the indoor unit D cools the room. Thereafter, the gas refrigerant flows into the first connection pipe 6 through the first cooling electromagnetic valve 32d and the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g.
- the remainder of the refrigerant cooled by the second heat exchange unit 16 is set so that the pressure difference between the detection pressure of the liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 62 and the detection pressure of the downstream liquid outflow pressure detection sensor 63 falls within the set range. It passes through a controlled third flow control device 15.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the third flow control device 15 is evaporated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor units B and C in the second heat exchange unit 16. Thereafter, the evaporated refrigerant merges with the refrigerant that has passed through the indoor unit D in the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g, passes through the first connection pipe 6, and the heat source side fourth check valve 24 and the heat source side of the heat source machine A. It flows into the heat exchanger 3.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the heat source side heat exchanger 3 undergoes heat exchange with the air blown from the outdoor blower and is evaporated and gasified.
- the control device 80 determines the evaporating temperature of the indoor unit D having a cooling request and the condensing temperature of each of the indoor units B and C having a heating request as a predetermined target temperature.
- the capacity of the compressor 1 and the blast volume of the outdoor fan are adjusted so that Thus, the indoor unit B and the indoor unit C can exhibit the target heating capacity, and the indoor unit D can obtain the cooling capacity. Then, the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 1 through the flow path switching device 2 of the heat source device A and the accumulator 4.
- the refrigerant flows through the heat source side third check valve 23 and the heat source side fourth check valve 24.
- the second flow rate control device 13 is closed.
- the first liquid branch pipes 7b and 7c have a higher pressure than the first liquid pipe 7l, the refrigerant does not pass through the first check valves 50b and 50c.
- the first liquid branch pipe 7d has a lower pressure than the first liquid pipe 7l, the refrigerant does not pass through the second check valve 52d.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the indoor units B, C during the heating operation passes through the second heat exchange unit 16. This prevents the air from flowing into the indoor unit D during the cooling operation in a state where the sub-cool is not sufficiently applied.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the refrigerant flow during operation around the branching portion according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 shows the refrigerant flow around the branching portion during the cooling main operation shown in FIG. The operation and function of the direction control device 90 will be described.
- the control device 80 supplies the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b, 32c, 32d and the indoor units B, C, and D by supplying power.
- the opening and closing of each first heating solenoid valve 30b, 30c, 30d is controlled.
- the first cooling electromagnetic valve 32b of the indoor unit B performing the cooling operation is opened, and the first heating electromagnetic valve 30b is closed.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the first cooling electromagnetic valve 32b from the first gas branch pipe 6b toward the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g flows through the first control valve 91 in the forward direction.
- the first cooling electromagnetic valve 32d of the indoor unit D performing the heating operation is closed, and the first heating electromagnetic valve 30d is opened. Then, the refrigerant passes through the first heating solenoid valve 30d from the first high-pressure gas pipe 7g toward the first gas branch pipe 6d. Further, when the air conditioner 100 is in operation, the control device 80 controls to open the second control valve 92. By controlling the first branch unit 10, in the second branch unit 11, the indoor unit B that performs the cooling operation is connected to the first check valve 50 b from the first liquid pipe 7 l to the first liquid branch. A refrigerant flow toward the pipe 7b is generated.
- FIG. 8A is an explanatory diagram showing a refrigerant state at the time of a power failure around the branching portion according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8A shows a circuit state when the air-conditioning apparatus 100 stops the air-conditioning operation and power is not supplied to the first relay E.
- the pressure in the pipe changes.
- the refrigerant flow when the refrigerant pressure is applied from the first relay E to the indoor unit side is indicated by an arrow.
- the plurality of first cooling solenoid valves 32b, 32c, 32d and the plurality of first heating solenoid valves 30b, 30c, 30d are each constituted by a one-way solenoid valve as described above, electric power is supplied. When not, the refrigerant flow in one direction is blocked, but the refrigerant flow in the reverse direction is allowed.
- each of the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b, 32c, 32d is arranged to permit the refrigerant flow from the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g to the indoor unit side during operation stop.
- the refrigerant flow to the indoor unit side is blocked by the first control valve 91 provided in the low pressure gas pipe 6g.
- each of the first check valves 50b, 50c, 50d is arranged to allow the refrigerant flow from the first liquid pipe 7l to the indoor unit side, but the first check valve 50b, 50c, 50d is provided in the first liquid pipe 7l.
- the refrigerant flow to the indoor unit side during operation stop is blocked by the second control valve 92.
- the control device 80 may be configured to stop the air conditioning operation of the air conditioner 100 and stop the power supply to the first relay E when, for example, refrigerant leakage is detected. According to such a configuration, refrigerant movement into the indoor space can be suppressed and the amount of refrigerant leakage can be reduced.
- FIG. 8B is an explanatory diagram showing an air flow during vacuuming around the branch portion according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Vacuum pulling is performed from the heat source machine A, and power is not supplied to the first relay machine E. The arrows in the figure indicate the direction in which air flows. Both the first control valve 91 and the second control valve 92 allow the flow of air from the indoor unit side toward the heat source unit side.
- the first control valve 91 is constituted by a check valve in order to suppress the flow of air to the vacuum source and suppress the refrigerant movement to the indoor unit side during the operation stop, and the second control valve Although 92 was comprised with the one way solenoid valve, the structure of the direction control apparatus 90 is not specifically limited to this.
- FIG. 9A is an explanatory diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during a power failure in a modification of the first control valve.
- FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram showing an air flow during vacuuming in a modified example of the first control valve.
- a one-way electromagnetic valve is used as the first control valve 97 instead of the check valve.
- the first control valve 97 is opened by energization.
- a one-way solenoid valve is adopted, the refrigerant flow toward the indoor unit is not disturbed during an operation blackout and does not interfere with the refrigerant flow during operation and the air flow of vacuuming, as in the case of a check valve. Can be blocked.
- the check valve is less expensive than the one-way solenoid valve, while the one-way solenoid valve can maintain the shut-off function even when the pressure difference at the installation position is smaller than the check valve.
- FIG. 10A is an explanatory diagram illustrating a refrigerant state during a power failure in a modified example of the second control valve.
- FIG. 10B is an explanatory diagram showing an air flow during vacuum drawing in a modification of the second control valve.
- the second control valve 98 an example in which a plurality of valves are combined in place of the one-way solenoid valve is shown.
- the second control valve 98 can be configured by connecting a solenoid valve 98a and a check valve 98b in parallel.
- the electromagnetic valve 98a shown here is opened when electric power is supplied, but unlike the one-way electromagnetic valve described above, it is a valve that blocks bidirectional flow when electric power is not supplied.
- the solenoid valve 98a is energized and opened during normal operation of the air conditioning apparatus 100, but is closed when the solenoid valve 98a is not energized or not supplied with power.
- the solenoid valve 98a allows the refrigerant flow from the heat source unit side to the indoor unit side during operation, When electric power is not supplied, the electromagnetic valve 98a is closed and the refrigerant movement is blocked. When vacuuming is performed, the second control valve 98 can ensure an air flow path by the check valve.
- the relay machine (first relay machine E) includes a plurality of first check valves 50b, 50c, and 50d and a plurality of second check valves 52b, 52c, 52d, a first control valve 91, and a second control valve 92.
- Each first check valve 50b, 50c, 50d allows the refrigerant to flow out to each first liquid branch pipe 7b, 7c, 7d, and each second check valve 52b, 52c, 52d The inflow of the refrigerant from the first liquid branch pipes 7b, 7c, 7d is allowed.
- the first control valve 91 is provided in the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g and allows a refrigerant flow from the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b, 32c, 32d to the first connection pipe 6. When power is not supplied, the first control valve 91 blocks the refrigerant flow from the first connection pipe 6 toward the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b, 32c, and 32d.
- the second control valve 92 is provided in the first liquid pipe 7l and is opened when electric power is supplied, and to the first check valves 50b, 50c, and 50d when electric power is not supplied. Shut off the refrigerant flow.
- the first relay E is operating by the first control valve 91 provided in the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g and the second control valve 92 provided in the first liquid pipe 7l.
- the refrigerant flow and air flow during vacuuming are allowed.
- the 1st control valve 91 and the 2nd control valve 92 interrupt
- the first control valve 91 is a check valve. Thus, the control of the refrigerant flow as described above can be realized at low cost.
- the first control valve 91 is a one-way solenoid valve that shuts off only in one direction when electric power is not supplied and flows refrigerant when reverse flow pressure is applied. Thus, even when the pressure in the pipe is made uniform and the pressure difference becomes small, the first control valve 97 has a function of blocking between the first repeater E and the indoor units B, C, and D. Can be maintained.
- the second control valve 92 is a one-way solenoid valve that shuts off only in one direction when power is not supplied and flows refrigerant when a reverse pressure of the flow is applied.
- the second control valve 92 may be configured by an electromagnetic valve 98a that blocks bidirectional flow when power is not supplied, and a check valve 98b provided in parallel to the electromagnetic valve 98a. Good.
- the second control valve 98 can obtain the same effect as the one-way solenoid valve by combining the solenoid valve 98a and the check valve 98b, and the versatility of the parts is improved.
- the first relay E further includes a first bypass pipe 14 that bypasses the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g and the first liquid pipe 7l.
- the first control valve 91 is provided in the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g between the meeting portion with the first bypass pipe 14 and the plurality of first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b, 32c, 32d.
- the second control valve 92 is provided in the first liquid pipe 7l between the meeting portion with the first bypass pipe 14 and the plurality of first check valves 50b, 50c, 50d.
- the air conditioning apparatus 100 can prevent the refrigerant from flowing out from the first repeater E to the indoor unit side.
- the air conditioner 100 includes a heat source unit A, a plurality of indoor units B, C, and D, and a first relay unit E.
- the first control valve 91 and the second control valve 92 allow the refrigerant flow during operation and the air flow during vacuum drawing, and the first repeater during operation stop.
- the refrigerant movement from E to each indoor unit B, C, D can be blocked.
- not only when the power is supplied to the system, but also when the power supply to the system is not possible, for example, before power supply construction or at the time of power failure to block the refrigerant movement to each indoor unit B, C, D Can do. Therefore, it is possible to provide an air conditioner 100 that can take measures against refrigerant leakage and can easily perform work during construction and maintenance such as vacuum drawing.
- FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic circuit configuration of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the air conditioner 200 includes a heat relay unit A, a first relay unit E1, and a plurality of indoor units B, C, and D, and further includes a second relay unit E2.
- the entire system of the air conditioner 200 is controlled by the control device 280.
- a configuration different from that of the first embodiment will be described, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
- the first relay unit E1 is connected to the heat source unit A and the plurality of indoor units B, C, and D as in the first embodiment.
- the first relay E1 is connected to the second relay E2 through a third connection pipe 106g, a fourth connection pipe 107g, and a fifth connection pipe 107l.
- the third connection pipe 106g is connected to the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g
- the fourth connection pipe 107g is connected to the first high-pressure gas pipe 7g
- the fifth connection pipe 107l is the first liquid pipe. 7l.
- a plurality of indoor units H, I, and J are connected to the second relay unit E2, and a second refrigerant detection sensor 285 that detects refrigerant is disposed.
- the second relay unit E2 is connected to each indoor unit H, I, J by each second gas branch pipe 106h, 106i, 106h and each second liquid branch pipe 107h, 107i, 107j.
- FIG. 11 shows the case where three indoor units H, I, and J are connected to the second repeater E2, but the number of connected indoor units is at least one. Multiple units may be used.
- each indoor unit H, I, and J shall have the structure similar to the indoor unit B etc. which were mentioned above.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the first repeater of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the first relay E1 further includes a third control valve 93 and a fourth control valve 94 in addition to the first control valve 91 and the second control valve 92.
- the third control valve 93 is provided in the first high-pressure gas pipe 7g and controls the refrigerant flow between the first relay E1 and the second relay E2.
- the third control valve 93 is constituted by a one-way electromagnetic valve, for example.
- the control device 280 controls the third control valve 93.
- the refrigerant flow from the first high-pressure gas pipe 7g to the second relay E2 is allowed.
- the control device 280 performs control so as to close the third control valve 93.
- the third control valve 93 is configured to permit only the refrigerant flow flowing into the first relay E1 and cut off the refrigerant flow flowing out from the first relay E1 when power is not supplied. ing.
- the fourth control valve 94 is provided in the first liquid pipe 7l and controls the refrigerant flow between the first relay E1 and the second relay E2.
- the fourth control valve 94 is constituted by a one-way electromagnetic valve, for example.
- the control device 280 controls the fourth control valve 94.
- the control device 280 closes the fourth control valve 94.
- the fourth control valve 94 is configured to permit only the refrigerant flow flowing into the first relay E1 and cut off the refrigerant flow flowing out from the first relay E1 when electric power is not supplied. ing.
- coolant detection sensor 285 may be arrange
- the control device 280 may be configured to close the third control valve 93 and the fourth control valve 94 when leakage is detected by the second refrigerant detection sensor 285. According to such a configuration, even if refrigerant leakage occurs in the second relay machine E2, the third connection pipe 106g, the fourth connection pipe 107g, the fifth connection pipe 107l, etc., the installed space The amount of refrigerant leaked at can be reduced.
- FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a second repeater of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the second relay unit E2 includes a third branch unit 210, a fourth branch unit 211, a fourth flow rate control device 215, a third heat exchange unit 216, and the like.
- the second relay unit E2 switches the flow of the refrigerant according to the operation request from each indoor unit H, I, J, and the refrigerant supplied from the first relay unit E1 is changed to a plurality of indoor units H, I, J. It has the function to distribute to.
- the second relay E2 has a second low-pressure gas pipe 206g, a second high-pressure gas pipe 207g, a second liquid pipe 207l, and the like.
- the third connection pipe 106g is connected to the second low-pressure gas pipe 206g
- the fourth connection pipe 107g is connected to the second high-pressure gas pipe 207g
- the fifth connection pipe 107l is the second liquid pipe. 207l.
- the third branching unit 210 includes second cooling solenoid valves 232h, 232i, and 232j and second heating solenoid valves 230h, 230i, and 230j for each of the indoor units H, I, and J.
- One of the second cooling electromagnetic valves 232h, 232i, and 232j is connected to the second gas branch pipes 106h, 106i, and 106j, and the other is connected to the second low-pressure gas pipe 206g.
- Each of the second cooling electromagnetic valves 232h, 232i, and 232j is opened during the cooling operation of the connected indoor units H, I, and J, and is closed during the heating operation.
- One of the second heating solenoid valves 230h, 230i, and 230j is connected to each of the second gas branch pipes 106h, 106i, and 106j, and the other is connected to the second high-pressure gas pipe 207g.
- Each second heating solenoid valve 230h, 230i, 230j is opened during the heating operation of the connected indoor units H, I, J, and is closed during the cooling operation.
- the fourth branch portion 211 has a plurality of third check valves 250h, 250i, 250j and a plurality of fourth check valves 252h, 252i, 252j.
- the third check valves 250h, 250i, 250j are provided in a number corresponding to the number of indoor units H, I, J.
- the third check valves 250h, 250i, 250j are respectively connected to the second liquid branch pipes 107h, 107i, 107j, and the second liquid branch pipes 107h, 107i, 107j are connected to the second liquid branch pipes 107h.
- the number of fourth check valves 252h, 252i, and 252j is provided in a number corresponding to the number of indoor units B, C, and D.
- the fourth check valves 252h, 252i, and 252j are connected in parallel to the third check valves 250h, 250i, and 250j in the second liquid branch pipes 107h, 107i, and 107j, respectively.
- Each of the fourth check valves 252h, 252i, and 252j allows the refrigerant to flow from the second liquid branch pipes 107h, 107i, and 107j to the second liquid pipe 207l.
- the second liquid pipe 2071 is located upstream of the fourth branch portion 211 and downstream of the third check valves 250h, 250i, 250j in the plurality of second liquid branch pipes 107h, 107i, 107j. And is bypassed by the second liquid branch pipe 217. Then, each pipe connected to each of the second liquid branch pipes 107h, 107i, 107j in the second liquid branch pipe 217, and each pipe connected to the second liquid pipe 207l in the second liquid branch pipe 217. And joins on the way.
- the second liquid pipe 2071 is connected to the second low-pressure gas pipe 206g by a second bypass pipe 214.
- the second relay machine E2 includes a fifth control valve 295 and a sixth control valve 296.
- the fifth control valve 295 is constituted by, for example, a check valve, and is installed in the second low-pressure gas pipe 206g.
- the fifth control valve 295 allows the refrigerant flow from the plurality of second gas branch pipes 106h, 106i, 106j to the first relay E1.
- the sixth control valve 296 is constituted by a one-way electromagnetic valve, for example, and is installed in the second liquid pipe 2071.
- the sixth control valve 296 is opened by the control device 80 when electric power is supplied, and blocks the refrigerant flow toward the plurality of third check valves 250h, 250i, 250j when electric power is not supplied. To do.
- the refrigerant movement from the third branch unit 210 and the fourth branch unit 211 to the plurality of indoor units H, I, J is blocked when power is not supplied. .
- the air conditioning apparatus 200 when vacuuming is performed, the air flow from the connected indoor unit side to the first relay unit E1 side is not hindered.
- the air conditioner 200 further includes the second relay E2 connected to the heat source unit A through the first relay E1, and the first relay E1 is , A third control valve 93 and a fourth control valve 94 are provided.
- the third control valve 93 is provided in the first high-pressure gas pipe 7g and blocks the refrigerant flow toward the second relay machine E2 when power is not supplied.
- the fourth control valve 94 is provided in the first liquid pipe 7l and blocks the refrigerant flow toward the second relay machine E2 when power is not supplied.
- the air conditioning apparatus 200 stops the air conditioning operation and no power is supplied to the first control valve 91, the second control valve 92, the third control valve 93, and the fourth control valve 94,
- the refrigerant movement from the first relay E1 to the downstream side is suppressed.
- refrigerant movement toward the plurality of indoor units B, C, D connected to the first relay E1 and the second relay E2 is suppressed.
- vacuuming the air flow from the plurality of indoor units B, C, D and the second relay unit E2 to the heat source unit A is allowed, and the air conditioner 200 can be easily vacuumed. it can.
- the air conditioner 200 can suppress the movement of the refrigerant from the first relay E1 to the load side even when power is not supplied, can take measures against leakage, and can be operated at the time of construction and maintenance. Can be better.
- the second relay unit E2 includes a second gas branch pipe 106h, 106i, 106j and a second liquid branch pipe in each of one or a plurality of indoor units (for example, a plurality of indoor units H, I, J). 107h, 107i, and 107j are connected.
- the second relay E2 includes a plurality of third check valves 250h, 250i, 250j, a plurality of fourth check valves 252h, 252i, 252j, a fifth control valve 295, and a sixth The control valve 296 is provided.
- Each third check valve 250h, 250i, 250j allows the refrigerant to flow out to each second liquid branch pipe 107h, 107i, 107j.
- Each of the fourth check valves 252h, 252i, 252j allows the refrigerant to flow from the second liquid branch pipes 107h, 107i, 107j.
- the fifth control valve 295 is provided in the second low-pressure gas pipe 206g and allows the refrigerant flow from the second cooling electromagnetic valves 232h, 232i, and 232j toward the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g.
- the fifth control valve 295 blocks the refrigerant flow from the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g toward the second cooling electromagnetic valves 232h, 232i, and 232j when electric power is not supplied.
- the sixth control valve 296 is provided in the second liquid pipe 2071 and opens when electric power is supplied, and when it is not supplied with electric power, the refrigerant goes to the third check valves 250h, 250i, and 250j. Cut off the flow.
- the air conditioning apparatus 200 can take measures against refrigerant leakage even in a state where power cannot be supplied to the system.
- the air conditioner can perform vacuum drawing of the first repeater E1, the second repeater E2, and the plurality of indoor units B, C, D, H, I, J, during construction and maintenance. Workability at the time is good.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration around a branching section according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the second control valve 92 is provided in the first liquid pipe 7l on the upstream side of the refrigerant flow from the position where the second branch valve 11 branches.
- the second control valve 92 is configured to suppress refrigerant movement to all the indoor units B, C, and D.
- the first control valve 91 is provided in the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g on the downstream side of the refrigerant flow from the position where the first branch portion 10 branches.
- the configuration is such that the refrigerant movement to all the indoor units B, C, D is suppressed by one first control valve 91.
- the plurality of second control valves 392b, 392c, 392d are provided in pairs with the first check valves 50b, 50c, 50d for the indoor units B, C, D, respectively.
- the plurality of first control valves 397b, 397c, and 397d are provided in pairs with the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b, 32c, and 32d for the indoor units B, C, and D, respectively.
- the description of the same configuration as that of the air conditioner 100 of the first embodiment will be omitted, and a different configuration will be described.
- the plurality of first control valves 397b, 397c, and 397d are provided in the first branching section 310, and each of them is constituted by a one-way electromagnetic valve, for example.
- the first control valves 397b, 397c, and 397d are respectively installed on a plurality of pipes in which the first low-pressure gas pipe 6g branches corresponding to the indoor units B, C, and D.
- the plurality of second control valves 392b, 392c, and 392d are provided in the second branch portion 311 and each is configured by, for example, a one-way electromagnetic valve.
- the second control valves 392b, 392c, 392d are respectively installed on a plurality of pipes in which the first liquid pipe 7l branches corresponding to the indoor units B, C, D.
- the control device 80 energizes and opens the first control valves 397b, 397c, 397d and the second control valves 392b, 392c, 392d.
- the control apparatus 80 can implement
- the plurality of first control valves 397b, 397c, 397d and the plurality of second control valves 392b, 392c, 392d are installed for each of the plurality of indoor units when the number of connected indoor units is large. May be.
- FIG. 14 shows the case where each of the first control valves 397b, 397c, 397d is configured by a one-way electromagnetic valve, each may be configured by, for example, a check valve.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing the refrigerant flow in the separation operation mode around the branching portion according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the indoor unit B performs a cooling operation
- the indoor unit D performs a heating operation.
- the operation of the indoor unit C is stopped, and the first cooling electromagnetic valve 32c, the first heating electromagnetic valve 30c, the first control valve 397c, and the second control valve 392c for the indoor unit C are closed. . Therefore, the refrigerant movement from the first branch part 310 to the first gas branch pipe 6c and the indoor unit C and the refrigerant movement from the second branch part 311 to the first liquid branch pipe 7c and the indoor unit C are as follows. Blocked.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing control performed by the control device of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Below, the operation control which the control apparatus 80 performs is demonstrated. During the operation of the air conditioner 100, the control device 80 determines whether or not refrigerant leakage has occurred based on information detected by the plurality of first refrigerant detection sensors 85b, 85c, and 85d arranged in the indoor units B, C, and D. Monitoring.
- the operation control unit 81 of the control device 80 operates the air conditioner 100 according to the operation request of each indoor unit B, C, D in the normal operation mode (step ST201).
- Control device 80 also determines whether or not refrigerant leakage is detected every set time (step ST202).
- the leakage detection unit 82 determines the presence or absence of refrigerant leakage in each of the indoor units B, C, and D based on the detection information from the acquired first refrigerant detection sensors 85b, 85c, and 85d.
- the operation control unit 81 continues the normal operation mode (step ST201).
- step ST202 when the refrigerant leak is detected (step ST202: YES), the leak detector 82 identifies the indoor unit in which the refrigerant leak occurs and notifies the operation controller 81 of the indoor unit. And the operation control part 81 alert
- operation control unit 81 determines whether an operation continuation instruction is input from a remote controller or the like (step ST205). When it is determined that the operation continuation instruction has not been input (step ST205: NO), the operation control unit 81 further determines whether or not a release instruction for canceling the leakage detection state has been input (step ST206). ).
- the operation control unit 81 performs the normal operation mode when the cancel instruction is input (step ST206: YES), and stops the air-conditioning operation when the cancel instruction is not input (step ST206: NO).
- the maintained state is maintained (step ST204).
- the operation control unit 81 performs the separation operation mode (step ST207). Specifically, the operation control unit 81 stops the operation of the indoor unit specified by the leakage detection unit 82, and continues normal operation for the indoor units other than the specified indoor unit in response to the operation request.
- the operation control unit 81 also controls the first cooling electromagnetic valve 32c, the first heating electromagnetic valve 30c, the first control valve 397c, and the second control for the specified indoor unit (for example, the indoor unit C).
- the valve 392c is closed.
- the operation control unit 81 determines whether or not an operation stop instruction has been input (step ST208). If the operation stop instruction has not been input (step ST208: NO), a release instruction is further input. It is determined whether or not (step ST209). Then, when a release instruction is input (step ST209: YES), the operation control unit 81 switches to the normal operation mode (step ST201).
- step ST209: NO the operation control unit 81 continues the separation operation mode (step ST207).
- step ST208: YES operation control unit 81 stops the air conditioning operation of air conditioner 100 (step ST210).
- FIG. 16 shows the control in which the separation operation mode is started based on the detection information of the plurality of first refrigerant detection sensors 85b, 85c, and 85d
- the control flow is not limited to this.
- the detection information of the second refrigerant detection sensor 285 is also included. It may be used for determination of refrigerant leakage in step ST202.
- the control device 280 may close the third control valve 93 and the fourth control valve 94 when performing the separation operation mode.
- the plurality of second control valves 392b, 392c, 392d are provided in pairs with the first check valves 50b, 50c, 50d for the indoor units B, C, D.
- the first control valves 397b, 397c, 397d are provided in pairs with the first cooling electromagnetic valves 32b, 32c, 32d for the indoor units B, C, D.
- the air conditioning apparatus 100 has the same effect as Embodiment 1, and can further separate the operation for each indoor unit or for each system of a plurality of indoor units.
- the air conditioner 100 is disposed in at least two of the plurality of indoor units B, C, and D, and includes a plurality of first refrigerant detection sensors 85b, 85c, and 85d that detect refrigerant leakage, and a control device 80.
- the control apparatus 80 is the room
- the operation of machine C is stopped.
- the control device 80 closes the first cooling electromagnetic valve 32c, the first heating electromagnetic valve 30c, the first control valve 397c, and the second control valve 392c.
- the air conditioner 100 stops the operation of the specific indoor unit when a refrigerant leak is detected for the specific indoor unit (for example, the indoor unit C), and indoor units other than the specific indoor unit. Operation can be continued for B and indoor unit D. Further, in the indoor unit C in which refrigerant leakage is detected, the first control valve 397c and the second control valve 392c suppress the movement of the refrigerant from the first repeater E to the indoor unit C, and when the vacuum is pulled Air flow is acceptable. Since such an effect can be obtained even in a state where power cannot be supplied to the system as in the case of a power failure, the air conditioner 100 can take measures against refrigerant leakage and has good workability during construction and maintenance. It will be a thing.
- the air conditioner 200 further includes a second refrigerant detection sensor 285 that detects refrigerant leakage, and a control device 280 that controls the third control valve 93 and the fourth control valve 94.
- the second refrigerant detection sensor 285 is a pipe (for example, the third connection pipe 106g, the fourth connection pipe 107g, or the fifth connection pipe 107l between the second relay machine E2 and the first relay machine E1. ) Or the second repeater E2.
- the control apparatus 280 may close the 3rd control valve 93 and the 4th control valve 94, when the refrigerant
- the first relay machine when refrigerant leakage occurs in the second relay machine E2, the third connection pipe 106g, the fourth connection pipe 107g, the fifth connection pipe 107l, or the like, the first relay machine The refrigerant flow from E1 to the second repeater E2 is blocked, and refrigerant leakage is suppressed. At the same time, the first relay E1 in which no refrigerant leaks can be separated and operated.
- the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various changes can be made.
- the circuit configuration of the air conditioner 100 is not limited to that shown in the embodiment.
- the first control valve 91, the second control valve 92, the third control valve 93, the fourth control valve 94, the fifth control valve 295, and the sixth control valve 296 each include a plurality of valves. You may comprise combining.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の回路構成を示す回路図である。図1に示すように、空気調和装置100は、熱源機Aと、複数の室内機B、C、Dと、第1の中継機Eと、制御装置80とを備えている。なお、本実施の形態1では、1台の熱源機Aに3台の室内機B、C、Dが接続された場合について例示するが、熱源機Aの台数および室内機の台数は、これに限定されない。
熱源機Aは、容量可変の圧縮機1と、流路切換装置2と、蒸発器または凝縮器として機能する熱源側熱交換器3と、アキュムレータ4と、冷媒の流通方向を制限する熱源側流路調整部20等とを備えている。流路切換装置2は、熱源機Aでの冷媒流通方向を切り替えるものであり、流路切換装置2を介してアキュムレータ4が圧縮機1の吸入側に接続されている。なお、流路切換装置2が四方弁である場合について図示しているが、二方弁または三方弁等を組み合わせることによって構成されてもよい。
室内機Bは、凝縮器または蒸発器として機能する室内側熱交換器5b、および第1の流量制御装置9bを備える。室内機Cは、室内側熱交換器5cおよび第1の流量制御装置9cを備え、室内機Dは、室内側熱交換器5dおよび第1の流量制御装置9dを備える。
第1の中継機Eは、第1の分岐部10、第2の分岐部11、気液分離装置12、第2の流量制御装置13、第3の流量制御装置15、第1の熱交換部19および第2の熱交換部16等を備えている。第1の中継機Eは、熱源機Aと複数の室内機B、C、Dとの間に介在し、各室内機B、C、Dからの要求に応じて熱源機Aから供給される冷媒の流れを切り替え、熱源機Aから供給される冷媒を複数の室内機B、C、Dに分配する機能を有している。
制御装置80は、例えばマイコン等で構成され、空気調和装置100全体を制御するものである。制御装置80は、センサ群60および複数の第1の冷媒検出センサ85b、85c、85d等から受信した検出情報、並びに、リモコン(図示せず)からの指示等に基づいて、空気調和装置100の制御を行う。
図3は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の全冷房運転時の状態を示す回路図である。先ず、全冷房運転について説明する。空気調和装置100において、複数の室内機B、C、Dの全てが冷房運転を行っている。図3に示すように、圧縮機1から吐出された高温高圧のガス冷媒は、流路切換装置2を通り、熱源側熱交換器3において送風量可変の室外送風機によって送風される空気と熱交換されて凝縮し液化される。液化された冷媒は、熱源側第1逆止弁21、第2の接続配管7、気液分離装置12、第1の液管7lの順に流通し、さらに第2の分岐部11、各第1の液枝管7b、7c、7dを通過し、各室内機B、C、Dに流入する。第1の液管7lを通過する際、冷媒は、第2の流量制御装置13および第2の制御弁92を通過する。
図4は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の全暖房運転時の状態を示す回路図である。次に、全暖房運転について説明する。空気調和装置100において、室内機B、C、Dの全てが暖房運転を行っている。圧縮機1から吐出された高温高圧のガス冷媒は、流路切換装置2、熱源側第3逆止弁23、第2の接続配管7、気液分離装置12、第1の高圧ガス管7g、各第1の暖房用電磁弁30b、30c、30dおよび各第1のガス枝管6b、6c、6dの順に通る。そして、第1のガス枝管6b、6c、6dのそれぞれを通過した冷媒は、各室内機B、C、Dに流入する。各室内機B、C、Dに流入した冷媒は、室内空気と熱交換して凝縮し液化し、各室内が暖房される。そして、液化した冷媒は、各室内側熱交換器5b、5c、5dの出口側のサブクール量に応じて開度が制御された各第1の流量制御装置9b、9c、9dを通る。
図5は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の冷房主体運転時の状態を示す回路図であり、冷房主体運転について説明する。空気調和装置100において、室内機Bおよび室内機Cから冷房要求があり、室内機Dから暖房要求があるものとする。冷房主体運転において、室内機B、Cにそれぞれ接続された第1の暖房用電磁弁30bおよび第1の暖房用電磁弁30cは閉止され、室内機Dに接続された第1の暖房用電磁弁30dは開放される。また、室内機B、Cにそれぞれ接続された第1の冷房用電磁弁32bおよび第1の冷房用電磁弁32cは開放され、室内機Dに接続された第1の冷房用電磁弁32dは閉止されている。
図6は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の暖房主体運転時の状態を示す回路図であり、暖房主体運転について説明する。空気調和装置100において、室内機Bおよび室内機Cから暖房要求があり、室内機Dから冷房要求があるものとする。暖房主体運転において、各室内機B、Cに接続された第1の暖房用電磁弁30b、30cはそれぞれ開放され、室内機Dに接続された第1の暖房用電磁弁30dは閉止されている。また、各室内機B、Cに接続された第1の冷房用電磁弁32b、32cはそれぞれ閉止され、室内機Dに接続された第1の冷房用電磁弁32dは開放されている。
図9Aは、第1の制御弁の変形例における停電時の冷媒流れを示す説明図である。図9Bは、第1の制御弁の変形例における真空ひき時の空気流れを示す説明図である。第1の制御弁97として、逆止弁の代わりに一方向電磁弁を用いた場合が示される。この場合、空気調和装置100の運転中に、第1の制御弁97は通電により開放される。一方向電磁弁が採用された場合、逆止弁で構成した場合と同様に、運転中の冷媒流れおよび真空ひきの空気流れを妨げず、かつ、運転停電中に室内機側へ向かう冷媒流れを遮断することができる。逆止弁は一方向電磁弁に比べて安価であり、一方、一方向電磁弁は逆止弁に比べて設置位置での圧力差が小さい場合でも遮断機能が維持できる。
図10Aは、第2の制御弁の変形例における停電時の冷媒状態を示す説明図である。図10Bは、第2の制御弁の変形例における真空ひき時の空気流れを示す説明図である。第2の制御弁98として、一方向電磁弁の代わりに、複数の弁を組合せて構成した一例が示される。第2の制御弁98は、電磁弁98aと逆止弁98bとを並列に接続して構成することができる。ここで示す電磁弁98aは、電力が供給されているときには開放するが、上記の一方向電磁弁とは異なり、電力が供給されていないときには双方向の流れを遮断する弁である。電磁弁98aは、空気調和装置100の通常運転時には通電され開放されているが、電磁弁98aが非通電であるときまたは電源供給されていないときには閉止される。このように構成された第2の制御弁98は、一方向電磁弁で構成した場合と同様に、運転中には、電磁弁98aが熱源機側から室内機側へ向かう冷媒流れを許容し、電力が供給されないときには、電磁弁98aが閉止し、冷媒移動を遮断する。そして、真空ひきを実施する際には、第2の制御弁98は、逆止弁により空気の流路を確保することができる。
図11は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る空気調和装置の概略回路構成を示す模式図である。実施の形態1において第1の中継機Eに熱源機Aと複数の室内機B、C、Dが接続された場合について説明した。実施の形態2において空気調和装置200は、熱源機A、第1の中継機E1、および、複数の室内機B、C、Dに加え、さらに、第2の中継機E2を備える。また空気調和装置200は、制御装置280によりシステム全体が制御される。実施の形態2においては、実施の形態1と異なる構成について説明し、同様の構成については同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
図14は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る分岐部周辺の構成を示す説明図である。実施の形態1および実施の形態2では、第2の制御弁92は、第1の液管7lに、第2の分岐部11で分岐する位置よりも冷媒流れの上流側に設けられ、1つの第2の制御弁92によって全ての室内機B、C、Dへの冷媒移動を抑制する構成である。また実施の形態1および実施の形態2では、第1の制御弁91は、第1の低圧ガス管6gに、第1の分岐部10で分岐する位置よりも冷媒流れの下流側に設けられ、1つの第1の制御弁91によって全ての室内機B、C、Dへの冷媒移動を抑制する構成である。実施の形態3では、複数の第2の制御弁392b、392c、392dは、各室内機B、C、Dに対する第1の逆止弁50b、50c、50dと、それぞれ一対に設けられる。また、複数の第1の制御弁397b、397c、397dは、各室内機B、C、Dに対する第1の冷房用電磁弁32b、32c、32dと、それぞれ一対に設けられている。なお、実施の形態3において、実施の形態1の空気調和装置100と同様の構成については説明を省略し、異なる構成について説明する。
Claims (12)
- 熱源機に第1の接続配管および第2の接続配管により接続され、複数の室内機に第1のガス枝管および第1の液枝管によりそれぞれ接続され、前記熱源機から供給される冷媒を複数の前記室内機に分配する第1の中継機において、
一方が前記第1のガス枝管に接続され、冷房運転時に開放され、暖房運転時に閉止される第1の冷房用電磁弁と、
一方が前記第1のガス枝管に接続され、暖房運転時に開放され、冷房運転時に閉止される第1の暖房用電磁弁と、
一方が前記第1の液枝管に接続され、前記第1の液枝管への冷媒の流出を許容する第1の逆止弁と、
一方が前記第1の液枝管に接続され、前記第1の液枝管からの冷媒の流入を許容する第2の逆止弁と、
前記第1の接続配管と前記第1の冷房用電磁弁の他方とを接続する第1の低圧ガス管と、
前記第2の接続配管と前記第1の暖房用電磁弁の他方とを接続する第1の高圧ガス管と、
前記第2の接続配管と、前記第1の逆止弁の他方および前記第2の逆止弁の他方とを接続する第1の液管と、
前記第1の低圧ガス管に設けられ、前記第1の冷房用電磁弁から前記第1の接続配管へ向かう冷媒流れを許容し、電力が供給されていないときには前記第1の接続配管から前記第1の冷房用電磁弁へ向かう冷媒流れを遮断する第1の制御弁と、
前記第1の液管に設けられ、電力が供給されているときには開放し、電力が供給されていないときには前記第1の逆止弁へ向かう冷媒流れを遮断する第2の制御弁と、
を備える中継機。 - 前記第1の制御弁は、逆止弁で構成される請求項1記載の中継機。
- 前記第1の制御弁は、電力が供給されていないときに、一方向のみ遮断し、流れの逆圧が印加されると冷媒が流れる一方向電磁弁で構成される請求項1記載の中継機。
- 前記第2の制御弁は、電力が供給されていないときに、一方向のみ遮断し、流れの逆圧が印加されると冷媒が流れる一方向電磁弁で構成される請求項1~3のいずれか一項記載の中継機。
- 前記第2の制御弁は、電力が供給されていないときに双方向の流れを遮断する電磁弁と、前記電磁弁に並列に設けた逆止弁とにより構成される請求項1~3のいずれか一項記載の中継機。
- 前記第1の低圧ガス管と前記第1の液管とをバイパスするバイパス配管をさらに備え、
前記第1の制御弁は、前記第1の低圧ガス管において、前記バイパス配管との会合部と前記第1の冷房用電磁弁との間に設けられ、
前記第2の制御弁は、前記第1の液管において、前記バイパス配管との会合部と前記第1の逆止弁との間に設けられる請求項1~5のいずれか一項記載の中継機。 - 熱源機と、
複数の室内機と、
請求項1~6のいずれか一項記載の中継機と、
を備える空気調和装置。 - 前記第2の制御弁は、前記室内機に対する前記第1の逆止弁と一対に設けられ、
前記第1の制御弁は、前記室内機に対する前記第1の冷房用電磁弁と一対に設けられる請求項7記載の空気調和装置。 - 複数の前記室内機の少なくとも2つにそれぞれ配置され、冷媒漏れを検知する複数の第1の冷媒検出センサと、
前記第1の冷房用電磁弁と前記第1の暖房用電磁弁と前記第1の制御弁と前記第2の制御弁とを制御する制御装置と、をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、複数の前記第1の冷媒検出センサのうち冷媒漏れを検知した第1の冷媒検出センサが配置されている前記室内機について、前記第1の冷房用電磁弁、前記第1の暖房用電磁弁、前記第1の制御弁および前記第2の制御弁を閉じる請求項8記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記熱源機に前記第1の中継機を介して接続される第2の中継機をさらに備え、
前記第1の中継機は、
前記第1の高圧ガス管に設けられ、電力が供給されないときには前記第2の中継機へ向かう冷媒流れを遮断する第3の制御弁と、
前記第1の液管に設けられ、電力が供給されないときには前記第2の中継機へ向かう冷媒流れを遮断する第4の制御弁と、
を備える請求項7~9のいずれか一項記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記第2の中継機と前記第1の中継機との間の配管、または前記第2の中継機に配置され、冷媒漏れを検知する第2の冷媒検出センサと、
前記第3の制御弁および前記第4の制御弁を制御する制御装置と、をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、前記第2の冷媒検出センサにより冷媒漏れが検知された場合に、前記第3の制御弁および前記第4の制御弁を閉じる請求項10記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記第2の中継機は、一または複数の室内機にそれぞれ第2のガス枝管および第2の液枝管により接続されるものであり、
一方が前記第2のガス枝管に接続され、冷房運転時に開放され、暖房運転時に閉止される第2の冷房用電磁弁と、
一方が前記第2のガス枝管に接続され、暖房運転時に開放され、冷房運転時に閉止される第2の暖房用電磁弁と、
一方が前記第2の液枝管に接続され、前記第2の液枝管への冷媒の流出を許容する第3の逆止弁と、
一方が前記第2の液枝管に接続され、前記第2の液枝管からの冷媒の流入を許容する第4の逆止弁と、
前記第1の低圧ガス管と前記第2の冷房用電磁弁の他方とを接続する第2の低圧ガス管と、
前記第1の高圧ガス管と前記第2の暖房用電磁弁の他方とを接続する第2の高圧ガス管と、
前記第1の液管と、前記第3の逆止弁の他方および前記第4の逆止弁の他方とを接続する第2の液管と、
前記第2の低圧ガス管に設けられ、前記第2の冷房用電磁弁から前記第1の低圧ガス管へ向かう冷媒流れを許容し、電力が供給されていないときには前記第1の低圧ガス管から前記第2の冷房用電磁弁へ向かう冷媒流れを遮断する第5の制御弁と、
前記第2の液管に設けられ、電力が供給されているときには開放し、電力が供給されていないときには前記第3の逆止弁へ向かう冷媒流れを遮断する第6の制御弁と、
を備える請求項10または11記載の空気調和装置。
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| WO2012160598A1 (ja) * | 2011-05-23 | 2012-11-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
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| JPS5883059U (ja) * | 1981-12-01 | 1983-06-04 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 冷暖房装置 |
| JP2003130482A (ja) * | 2001-10-26 | 2003-05-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 空気調和装置 |
| JP2004219061A (ja) * | 2003-01-16 | 2004-08-05 | Lg Electronics Inc | 遮断可能な複数の分配機を有するマルチ空気調和機 |
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| WO2022038708A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-02-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
| JP7415017B2 (ja) | 2020-08-19 | 2024-01-16 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
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| JPWO2018220804A1 (ja) | 2019-11-21 |
| JP6704520B2 (ja) | 2020-06-03 |
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