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WO2018217119A1 - Tube polymère renforcé avec chauffage électrique - Google Patents

Tube polymère renforcé avec chauffage électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018217119A1
WO2018217119A1 PCT/RU2017/000360 RU2017000360W WO2018217119A1 WO 2018217119 A1 WO2018217119 A1 WO 2018217119A1 RU 2017000360 W RU2017000360 W RU 2017000360W WO 2018217119 A1 WO2018217119 A1 WO 2018217119A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polymer
pipe
layer
conductors
polymeric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/RU2017/000360
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Андрей Викторович РОБИН
Татьяна Андреевна РОБИНА
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoj Otvetstvennostyu "promtekhnologii"
Original Assignee
Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoj Otvetstvennostyu "promtekhnologii"
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoj Otvetstvennostyu "promtekhnologii" filed Critical Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoj Otvetstvennostyu "promtekhnologii"
Priority to RU2017122416A priority Critical patent/RU2665776C1/ru
Priority to PCT/RU2017/000360 priority patent/WO2018217119A1/fr
Publication of WO2018217119A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018217119A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the oil and gas industry and can be used to collect and transport oil, water, gas, chemicals through pipelines based on long flexible polymer reinforced pipes.
  • a known design of a flexible reinforced pipe which has an outer layer and one inner layer made of polymer material, between which is located at least one reinforcing layer made of a steel tape coated on at least one side with an adhesive (RU 151014 U1, published on 09.29.2014).
  • a high-resistance conductor wound around a working pipe is used as a heating element, and two non-intersecting insulated low-resistance conductors are also wound around a working pipe over a high-resistance conductor, while the step of winding a high-resistance conductor is much larger than the step of winding a low-resistance conductor, the first and second low-resistance conductors are alternately electrically connected to a high-impedance conductor in separate places of their crossing along the course of winding spaced apart from each other at different distances.
  • the pipe has a heat-insulating layer located between the heating element and the outer shell.
  • the disadvantage of this utility model is the extremely complex switching system of low-resistance and high-resistance conductors, mutual crossing of conductors, different distances between conductors during winding.
  • Known multilayer pipe disclosed in RU 120183 U1, publ. 05/18/2012 including an internal polymer pipe, reinforcing a system of high-strength threads, which can be combined into groups forming ribbons.
  • the considered PM has good weight characteristics and heat-insulating properties due to reinforcing of the base pipe with polymer threads or tapes, but does not contain a heating system for the transported fluid, which limits the use of this multilayer pipe in winter conditions.
  • Known patent application RU 2014/137407, publ. 04/19/2013 comprising a heated liquid pipe containing an inner tube, an outer braid, and a heating element located between the inner tube and the outer braid, the heating element comprising an inner core made of a first metal material and an outer casing made of a second metal material.
  • the pipeline has limitations in mechanical strength, as the heating elements are located under the outer braid and with significant internal pressure in the pipe, it is the reinforcing elements that must absorb all the radial mechanical load that arises, which will reduce the reliability of the entire pipe structure as a whole.
  • the invention is known [RU2315223 from 04/13/2006] including a flexible, load-bearing, polymer pipe, the walls of which are made of a continuous layer of polymer material, inside which longitudinal and transverse reinforcing elements are placed in the form of metal wires or tapes or high-strength chemical fibers.
  • the angle of the coils of metal tapes relative to the axis of the pipe has a value of 55 ° ⁇ 5 % , and between the metal tapes of one coils there is a gap of 5 to 15% of the width of the tape, the thickness of which is 0.3-1.5 mm.
  • the objective of the claimed utility model is the design of a flexible high-pressure polymer reinforced pipe with high performance properties, such as increased thermal insulation, built-in electrical heating system.
  • the technical result of the invention is to reduce heat loss to the environment and to prevent freezing of the fluid transported through the pipe at low temperatures, as well as reducing the installation time of the pipeline and the cost of maintaining the pipeline during its operation, increasing the life of the pipeline.
  • the polymer reinforced pipe contains an inner polymer layer constituting the base of the pipe, on the outer surface of which a reinforcing layer, an intermediate shell, is sequentially applied, twisted from insulated conductors having an additional outer shell in the form of a ring sector bounded by an inner and the outer radius of the laying of conductors, and the outer polymer shell.
  • the reinforcing layer is made of at least two coils of metal wires or threads or metal or polymer reinforcing tapes.
  • a polymer sheath is applied between the reinforcing layer and the midwire of insulated conductors.
  • a heat-insulating layer can be applied between a coil of insulated conductors and the outer polymer sheath.
  • a twist of a metal tape can be applied.
  • single insulated conductors are located, as well as conductors in the form of twisted pairs or optical modules.
  • At least one coil of metal reinforcing tapes, polymer reinforcing tapes, threads or metal wires has the opposite direction of winding.
  • FIG. 1 high-pressure flexible polymer reinforced pipe (option 1).
  • FIG. 2 high-pressure flexible polymer reinforced pipe (option 2).
  • FIG. 3 high-pressure flexible polymer reinforced pipe (option 3).
  • FIG. 4 - a fragment of a midwife from insulated conductors.
  • the reinforced polymer pipe comprises an inner polymer layer (1) constituting the base of the pipe, on the outer surface of which a reinforcing layer is sequentially applied, of four sequentially spirally wound coils (2-5) of reinforcing polymer or metal tapes, an intermediate shell (6), twisting (7) of insulated conductors and an outer polymer shell (10).
  • an intermediate polymer shell (6) is applied between the reinforcing layer and the coil (7) from insulated conductors (13) in the form of a continuous polymer layer, the thickness of which is approximately 5% of the outer diameter of the pipe and is determined by the geometric correspondence between the individual structural elements.
  • a heat-insulating layer (8) with a thickness of 5 to 15 mm and determined by the required heat-insulating properties can be applied between the coil (7) from insulated conductors and the outer polymer shell (10).
  • a coil of metal tape (9) 0.2-0.6 mm thick can be laid, which can be applied to a heat-insulating layer (8), or to a coil (7) of insulated conductors in the absence of in the design of the claimed pipe of the insulating layer (8).
  • the design of the claimed reinforced polymer pipe may have various coatings.
  • FIG. 2 shows a high-pressure polymer reinforced pipe, consisting of an inner polymer layer (1) that forms the basis of the pipe, the first winding of reinforcing tapes (2), and the second winding of reinforcing tapes (3), and the directions of the windings have the opposite direction, over the reinforcing windings
  • the tapes are coated with an intermediate polymer shell (6), over which a coil (7) of insulated conductors, a heat-insulating layer (8) and an outer shell 10 are applied.
  • FIG. 3 shows a high-pressure polymer reinforced pipe, consisting of an inner polymer layer (1) that forms the basis of the pipe, the first winding of reinforcing threads or wires (11), the second winding of reinforcing threads or wires (12), while the coils are in the opposite direction, an intermediate polymer sheath (6) is laid over the coils of reinforcing threads, over which a coils (7) of insulated conductors are laid, coiled with a metal tape (9) having an outer shell (10).
  • FIG. 4 shows a fragment of a midwire (7) of insulated conductors.
  • Each elementary conductor (13) of a round or rectangular shape has an insulating layer (14).
  • the conductors may have an outer shell (15) in the form of a sector of the ring bounded by the inner (16) and outer (17) radii of the laying of conductors.
  • Sector conductors in turn, may have mutually complementary protrusions (18) at the edges for mutual engagement.
  • twisted-pair conductors (19), optical modules (20), or simply fillers (21) can be placed in a wound of insulated conductors.
  • a coil (7) of insulated conductors has a thickness determined by the reliable insulating properties and dimensions of the conductor.
  • the generally accepted insulation thickness will be 0.8 mm and the shell thickness about 0.7 mm.
  • the width of the insulated conductors is chosen so that their coil is as dense as possible without gaps, and is determined by the circumference of the coil divided by the number of conductors in the coil.
  • At least two coils of polymer threads or metal wires or at least two coils of metal or polymer reinforcing tapes can be applied. At least one coil of metal reinforcing tapes, polymer reinforcing tapes, polymer filaments or metal wires has the opposite direction of winding.
  • the intermediate polymer shell (6) and the outer polymer shell (10) are made of a corrosion-resistant polymer material selected from the group: polyethylene, polyamide, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride.
  • thermo conductivity materials with low thermal conductivity, such as foamed polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride, are used.
  • a polymer material selected from the group: polyester, polyolefins, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is used.
  • reinforcing polymer tapes with a thickness of 0.5-2.0 mm and a width of 20 - 95 mm are used. Justification of the thickness and width of the applied tapes is given below.
  • reinforcing metal tapes a steel tape is used with a tensile strength above 600 MPa with a thickness of 0.3-1.5 mm and a width of 20 - 95 mm.
  • polymer threads or metal wires with a diameter of 0.2-2.0 mm are used.
  • polymeric material selected from the group: polyesters, polyolefins, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, aramids is used.
  • the polymer layers included in the pipe design provide high corrosion resistance of the pipeline, low specific gravity and lower thermal conductivity compared to steel pipes.
  • polymer pipes and shells can be made in continuous lengths, and used polymer materials, such as polyethylene, allow the winding of pipes on technological and transport drums, the restriction on the length of the pipes is due only to transport capabilities.
  • the reinforced pipe 'with an internal diameter of 150 mm can be supplied construction of 200m length, and a pipe with an inner diameter of 100 mm building lengths of 600 meters. With significant construction lengths of pipes, the number of installation joints and, accordingly, the installation time of the pipeline as a whole are significantly reduced.
  • reinforcing metal or polymer tapes, threads or wires provides mechanical strength of pipes up to 200 bar.
  • a metal tape with a strength of up to 800 MPa, polymer tapes with a strength of up to 450 MPa, polyester, aramid and other polymer threads can be used.
  • the required number of tapes or threads is determined by calculation. For comparison: the average strength of the material of metal pipelines is about 400 MPa.
  • Polymers unlike steel, are not subject to corrosion, which helps to increase the life of pipelines; have a lower heat transfer coefficient, which ensures lower heat loss of the transported fluid.
  • the thermal conductivity coefficient for various metals is from 35 to 400 W / (m * K), and a similar coefficient for polymers has an average of 0.36 W / (m * K).
  • the basic heat-insulating properties of polymers may not be enough when operating the pipeline at low temperatures or when the fluid flow in it is stopped.
  • at least one more polymer layer (heat-insulating layer (8)) is introduced into the pipe structure, which has a significantly lower coefficient of thermal conductivity compared to polymer scraps forming the pipe body.
  • the coefficient of thermal conductivity of polyethylene is 0.36 W / (m * K)
  • the coefficient of thermal conductivity of foamed polyethylene has an indicator of 0.06 W / (m * K).
  • thermal conductivity of foamed polyethylene is 6 times less than ordinary polyethylene, respectively, the use of a layer of foamed polyethylene in the design of a pipe 1 cm thick in terms of heat-insulating properties is similar to the thickness of a layer of ordinary polyethylene of 6 cm, all other things being equal. It should be noted that foamed polyethylene has very low strength characteristics and can be used only as an additional layer, and not the main structural element of the base of the polymer reinforced pipe.
  • Freezing of the transported fluid is prevented by introducing an additional layer into the pipe structure, consisting of coils (7) of insulated conductors (13) concentrically wound on the pipe body.
  • the conductors can be made of metal materials (copper, aluminum or steel).
  • the cross section of the conductors is calculated in such a way that the thermal power released during the passage of electric current at least compensates for the heat loss of the transported fluid into the environment.
  • the electrical conductors are powered by alternating or direct current, with each phase having from one to 10 elementary conductors, i.e. split phase. The effectiveness of the use of a split phase is considered using an example of a three-phase heating system.
  • Insulated conductors laid in a wound (13) are mainly used to include them in an electric heating system, i.e. used as heating. However, part of the conductors can be used to transmit electrical energy as a power line to remote consumers or transmit information. In these cases, the conductors can be made with the necessary cross-section or made in twisted pair (19). Optical modules (20) and optical fibers for high-speed data transmission systems or distributed measuring systems can also be stacked in a midwife. If the estimated number of conductors is sufficient to perform the above functions, and there is free space in the wound, it can be filled simply with fillers (21) to ensure the correct geometric shape of the pipe and the absence of voids.
  • Each elementary conductor of a round or rectangular shape has an insulating layer.
  • Conductors can have an outer shell in the form of a sector of the ring, limited by the inner and outer radii of the laying of conductors.
  • Sector conductors may have mutually complementary protrusions at the edges for mutual engagement. If necessary, twisted-pair conductors, optical modules or just placeholders can be placed in a wound of insulated conductors.
  • the proposed shape of the conductors due to the high degree of filling has an effective heat transfer through the polymer, which prevents overheating of the conductors, and due to the protruding elements of the sectors provides additional mechanical strength of the entire pipe structure.
  • the conductors When the conductors are connected to a power source, thermal energy is released into them, which is spent on heating or compensating for losses in the environment of the fluid transported through the pipeline. In this case, the main task of the heating conductors is to prevent freezing of the contents of the pipeline in the winter. The available power and information transfer conductors are used accordingly.
  • the claimed high-pressure reinforced polymer pipe is made as follows.
  • an extruder For the manufacture of a high-pressure reinforced polymer pipe, in accordance with option 1, an extruder is used, into which polymer material, for example, polyethylene, is loaded and heated to a viscous-flowing state and extruded through the forming head in the form of a continuous inner layer (1) that forms the basis of the pipe.
  • the resulting pipe (inner layer (1)) is wound on a process drum.
  • the external diameter of the pipe is from 40 to 219 mm
  • the wall thickness is from 3 to 20 mm.
  • the specific wall thickness is selected by the SDR parameter (the ratio of the external diameter of the pipe to the wall thickness), which is usually 6 to 17 in the technique.
  • the polymer pipe (inner layer (1)) is fed to the winding unit of the polymer tape windings, in which the outer surface the inner layer (1) of the polymer pipe is covered with four coils (2-5) of polymer tapes, for example, of polyethylene terephthalate by winding using a twisting machine, with a tape winding angle of 55 ° ⁇ 5%.
  • At least one coil (3-5) has the opposite direction of winding, for example, the second winding (3) has an opposite winding direction with respect to the first winding (2), the third and fourth windings (4, 5) have a winding direction coinciding with the first winding (2), or, for example, in accordance with yet another winding variant : the first and second coils (2,3) are wound in one direction, and the third and fourth coils (4,5) have the opposite direction of winding.
  • the winding of the coils (2-5) of polymer tapes is carried out in such a way that a gap is made between the polymeric tapes of each cove (2), amounting to 5-10% of the width of the tape, and the gap below the wound coils is closed above the wound coils.
  • Reinforcing elements of polymer filaments or metal wires are also wound with at least two strands.
  • An intermediate sheath (6) is applied by extrusion over the coils of reinforcing elements, after which the pipe is fed to the coils winder (7) from insulated conductors (13).
  • a polymer pipe with applied layers is fed into an extruder for applying an external polymer shell (10), in which, by extrusion, a continuous polymer layer, for example, polyethylene, forming an external polymer shell (10) of polymer polymer, is applied to a coil (7) from insulated conductors (13) loss.
  • the thickness of the polymer sheath is also selected on the basis of the SDR parameter, the parameters of which in this case are from 5 to 15.
  • a flexible polymer reinforced pipe containing 4 coils of polymer tapes, coiled from insulated conductors and the outer polymer shell is wound into a bay or onto transport drums.
  • the continuous length wound around the transport drum of the claimed flexible polymer reinforced pipe with a diameter of 40 mm can be 2,500 m, and with a diameter of 170 mm, 200 m.
  • Another option for the design of the pipe is the application of a heat-insulating layer of 5-H5 mm thick over a half-layer of insulated conductors over which a continuous half-layer of a thin metal tape 0.2-5-0.6 mm thick is wound, and an external polymer coating is applied over the half-layer by extrusion shell.
  • a twist of thin metal tape protects the internal elements of the pipe from external influences.
  • High-pressure polymer reinforced pipes can be used for surface mounting or for trench laying, as well as using directional drilling or a pipeline restoration method in which the pipe is pulled through a normal damaged steel pipe.
  • High-pressure polymer reinforced pipes are ideally suited for pipeline restoration due to the possibility of maintaining pressure and independence from the structural integrity of the pipeline through which it extends.
  • the use of deepening methods allows minimizing the impact on the environment, reducing the degree of impact on the topsoil.
  • High-pressure polymer reinforced pipes can also be installed above the ground and are ideal for applications in harsh climatic conditions, such as the tundra, where an open pipeline can be installed with minimal use of infrastructure, such as supports, and in many cases can be installed in places not equipped with access for transport.
  • the present invention allows to obtain.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte au domaine de l'industrie du gaz et du pétrole et peut être utilisée pour collecter et transporter du pétrole, de l'eau, du gaz, des réactifs chimiques grâce à des conduits à base de tubes renforcés polymères flexible et de grande longueur. Le résultat technique de l'invention permet de réduire les pertes thermiques vers le milieu environnant et d'empêcher le gel du fluide transporté dans le tube lors de températures négatives tout en présentant des caractéristiques de solidité élevées, et tout en réduisant le temps passé à monter la conduite ainsi que les dépenses consacrées à l'entretien de la conduite lors de son exploitation, et en augmentant la durée de service de la conduite. Le tube renforcé polymère comprend une couche polymère interne formant la base du tube et sur la surface externe de laquelle sont appliqués séquentiellement une couche de renfort, une enveloppe polymère intermédiaire, un enroulement de conducteurs isolés ayant une enveloppe externe supplémentaire en forme de secteur d'anneau délimité par le rayon interne et externe de pose des conducteurs, et une enveloppe polymère externe; la couche de renfort comprend des enroulements de feuilles métalliques ou polymères, de fils polymères ou de fibres métalliques.
PCT/RU2017/000360 2017-05-26 2017-05-26 Tube polymère renforcé avec chauffage électrique Ceased WO2018217119A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2017122416A RU2665776C1 (ru) 2017-05-26 2017-05-26 Полимерная армированная труба с электроподогревом
PCT/RU2017/000360 WO2018217119A1 (fr) 2017-05-26 2017-05-26 Tube polymère renforcé avec chauffage électrique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2017/000360 WO2018217119A1 (fr) 2017-05-26 2017-05-26 Tube polymère renforcé avec chauffage électrique

Publications (1)

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WO2018217119A1 true WO2018217119A1 (fr) 2018-11-29

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PCT/RU2017/000360 Ceased WO2018217119A1 (fr) 2017-05-26 2017-05-26 Tube polymère renforcé avec chauffage électrique

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RU (1) RU2665776C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018217119A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110939817A (zh) * 2019-12-26 2020-03-31 中国石油天然气股份有限公司长庆油田分公司第八采油厂 地埋加热炉系统

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RU196206U1 (ru) * 2019-08-23 2020-02-19 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ГЕОТЕХНОЛОГИИ" (ООО "ГЕОТЕХНОЛОГИИ") Армированная труба
RU196210U1 (ru) * 2019-08-23 2020-02-19 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ГЕОТЕХНОЛОГИИ" (ООО "ГЕОТЕХНОЛОГИИ") Армированная труба
RU2745550C2 (ru) * 2019-09-09 2021-03-26 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЭНЕРГОМАШ-ВТС" Гибкая магистраль для транспортировки различных сред и труба для ее изготовления
RU2738916C1 (ru) * 2019-09-24 2020-12-18 ООО "Геотехнологии" Армированная труба и система контроля и управления для армированных труб
RU2738915C1 (ru) * 2019-09-24 2020-12-18 ООО "Геотехнологии" Армированная труба и система контроля и управления для армированных труб
WO2023195878A1 (fr) * 2022-04-04 2023-10-12 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Группа Полимертепло" Tube multicouches flexible
WO2025170488A2 (fr) * 2024-02-08 2025-08-14 Валерия Валерьевна ЧЕРВОВА Tube polymère armé utilisant des rovings, et procédé de diagnostic de celui-ci

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US4112247A (en) * 1976-09-20 1978-09-05 Western Electric Company, Inc. Gas feeder pipe assembly including electrical conductors
RU147579U1 (ru) * 2013-02-21 2014-11-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научное инновационное предприятие "Дельта-Т" Трубопровод с системой электроподогрева
RU165000U1 (ru) * 2015-10-12 2016-09-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Промтехнологии" Гибкая высоконапорная полимерная армированная труба

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110939817A (zh) * 2019-12-26 2020-03-31 中国石油天然气股份有限公司长庆油田分公司第八采油厂 地埋加热炉系统

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