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WO2018210453A1 - Dispositif et procédé de régulation spectrale d'un convertisseur continu-continu - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de régulation spectrale d'un convertisseur continu-continu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018210453A1
WO2018210453A1 PCT/EP2018/025047 EP2018025047W WO2018210453A1 WO 2018210453 A1 WO2018210453 A1 WO 2018210453A1 EP 2018025047 W EP2018025047 W EP 2018025047W WO 2018210453 A1 WO2018210453 A1 WO 2018210453A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power electronics
switching states
frequency
error signal
modulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2018/025047
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan GÖTZ
Christian KORTE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Original Assignee
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG filed Critical Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Priority to DE112018001464.9T priority Critical patent/DE112018001464A5/de
Publication of WO2018210453A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018210453A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K7/00—Modulating pulses with a continuously-variable modulating signal
    • H03K7/08—Duration or width modulation ; Duty cycle modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/16—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents
    • H03K17/161—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents in field-effect transistor switches
    • H03K17/165—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents in field-effect transistor switches by feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/166—Soft switching

Definitions

  • control method is preferably performed within one clock period or a predetermined multiple of a clock period and repeated at a regular repetition rate according to said clock.
  • Power electronics such that spectral properties, d. H. Amplitudes of respective frequencies, an output voltage or an error signal of the output voltage of the power electronics are adjusted according to a predetermined requirement. For this purpose, it is provided in particular that in a respective spectrum of a
  • Error signal, d. H. a distortion of the output voltage of the power electronics, which arises or by a change of switching states of the power electronics, at least one spectral gap is generated.
  • gaps are typical, for example, notch and band-stop filter, as they are particularly in the low-power
  • Signal electronics are used, and correspond to greatly reduced amplitudes in a respective selected frequency range.
  • Power semiconductors of the power electronics adapt that is selected from the number of possible switching states of the power electronics that switching state that changes a spectrum of the error signal of the output voltage of the power electronics compared to a current switching state of the power electronics such that a selected range attenuated by a certain factor, d. H. is reduced in amplitude and, as a result, an influence of corresponding frequencies of the selected range is reduced to other electronic devices, in particular minimized.
  • a frequency spectrum of corresponding error signal is calculated or simulated. Starting from the simulated
  • Frequency spectra of the number of switching states can that switching state of
  • Power electronics are selected that best meets a respective requirement, that causes an error signal of an output voltage of the power electronics, which corresponds in its spectral characteristics of the requirement or shows a minimum deviation from the requirement of all alternative switching states.
  • the power electronics can be adjusted accordingly, ie the respective power semiconductors of the power electronics can be switched accordingly, whereby an average switching rate of the power semiconductors is adjusted simultaneously.
  • the presented method makes it possible, by selecting switching states of the power electronics which are adapted to respective requirements, to correspondingly adapt error signals generated by a power electronics or of respective spectral properties of the error signals of an output voltage
  • the at least one request is selected as a function of a current position of the vehicle.
  • the respective requirements are dynamically adapted to changes of respective third-party devices, such as, for example, to a radio station tuned to a radio receiver.
  • respective third-party devices such as, for example, to a radio station tuned to a radio receiver.
  • a frequency band set on the radio station d. H. according to a current one
  • spectral gaps in a frequency spectrum of an error signal of an output voltage of each power electronics can be used as a basis for selecting respective requirements. This means that switching states of power electronics are selected as a function of a requirement that changes dynamically, for example, according to a currently set radio station or according to a current search window of a radio receiver.
  • a respective user associated devices such as smart phones are susceptible to interference
  • a user assigned device itself or in combination with another device, such as a radio receiver of a respective vehicle, given or used to select respective requirements. Accordingly, a request may be made such that frequencies generated by power electronics that is a receive frequency band of the
  • a switching state of a power electronics indicates in particular a state of all power semiconductors of the corresponding power electronics.
  • Switching operations or switching states of the at least one power electronics to reduce the change in the error signal of the power electronics and in particular to suppress vibrations in the error signal.
  • the switching states of the power electronics are defined by the combination or interaction of the respective switching states of the individual power semiconductors of the power electronics.
  • the integrator element can be interpreted as a filter that weights the error signal to form a spectral pattern that attenuates the values of amplitudes of selected frequencies, such as those of high frequencies.
  • the filter can in particular correspond to a target spectrum according to a respective requirement, wherein the penalty term is chosen such that respective frequencies are attenuated such that a correspondingly filtered spectrum approaches the target spectrum as best as possible, for example, by minimizing vibrations in the error signal.
  • a target spectrum is determined by means of at least one predetermined weighting factor, which uses as default for selecting a respective switching state of the power electronics from the possible simulated switching states of the power electronics becomes.
  • Weighting factors K and ⁇ weighted so that both requirements can be considered together or at the same time in the selection of a respective switching state of a power electronics.
  • ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 stands for a spectral deviation or for an error signal (see equation (2)), ⁇ and K for weighting factors or compensation parameters, by means of which balancing between respective requirements and ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 for a density of respective ones
  • Equation (2) applies to calculate ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 :
  • F (Ü>) stands for a frequency-transformed, ie in particular Fourier-transformed, quantified output signal Sp * (a>) for a target spectrum of the
  • the error signals of the simulated switching states of the power electronics are pre-processed by means of a filter function.
  • a filter function for example, a bandpass or bandwidth filter or a notch filter (notch filter or frequency cut filter) can be selected, which approximates a frequency spectrum of an error signal of a respective switching state of a power electronics to a specified by the requirement target by, for example, a certain frequency range in its amplitude is lowered.
  • a respective most suitable switching state can be identified and selected for adjustment to a respective power electronics.
  • a cut-off function which is inversely proportional to high frequencies at respective amplitudes of a number of selected frequencies, is selected as the filter function.
  • Filter characteristic as is typical for a bandpass. This means that by means of the cutoff function falling inversely proportional to high frequencies, an edge of a spectrum of an error signal of a power semiconductor can be cut off or greatly reduced in its amplitude, so that influences of the high frequencies are minimized.
  • a cut-off function By applying a cut-off function to a spectrum of an error signal, it is possible to "cut off" a given frequency range of the spectrum or to filter the spectrum in such a way that the predetermined frequency range is attenuated in its corresponding amplitudes.
  • selected values of the frequency spectrum are reduced in their amplitude below a predetermined threshold value by means of a mathematical function.
  • Filter function damped, or reduced in their amplitude, ie weakened in intensity. Due to a weakening of selected frequency ranges in their intensity, so-called “spectral gaps” are created, which are chosen in particular such that they are placed in operating ranges of third-party devices in order to meet respective requirements of, for example, the third-party devices.
  • a threshold value of 40 dB has proved to be the threshold for attenuation of respective frequencies, since an intensity below this threshold significantly reduces an influence on third-party devices.
  • the present invention relates to a modulator for power electronics, wherein the modulator comprises at least one control unit which is configured, a switching state of the power electronics in response to a comparison of predetermined by at least one specification spectral requirements and respective frequency spectra of error signals of an output voltage of the power electronics, each corresponding to a simulated switching state of the power electronics to select and with constant timing of respective switching rates of
  • the switching state of the power electronics is thereby encompassed by an interaction of respective switching states of the power electronics
  • the power electronics comprise at least one, usually a plurality of power semiconductors.
  • the presented modulator is used in particular for carrying out the presented method. In a further possible embodiment of the presented method is provided for controlling a time average of the output voltage of
  • an offset can be subtracted from the calculated values of the numerical representation of the switching states in order to achieve the desired time average of the output signal or of the output voltage.
  • Output voltage of half the amplitude of the input voltage can be set, calculated the method presented by means of the numerical representation of the switching states S ⁇ ⁇ -0.5, 0.5 ⁇ the output signal, while retaining all
  • a ratio of 0.5 between the input and output voltages is enforced by the external control.
  • control unit is further configured to be in the frequency spectrum by means of mathematical function depending on the at least one request to generate spectral gaps.
  • FIG. 1 shows a possible embodiment of the presented method, in which a specification for carrying out the presented method is selected as a function of a current position of a respective vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a sequence of a possible embodiment of the presented method.
  • Figure 3 shows effects of variously chosen weighting factors in the
  • FIG. 4 shows effects of a filter function for superimposing a
  • FIG. 5 shows effects of a further filter function for superimposing a
  • FIG. 6 shows effects of a further filter function for superimposing a
  • a vehicle 1 which is a third party in the form of a
  • Alternate formation step 25 determined. For each switching state in the
  • Alternating step 25 detected switching states is independently determined a corresponding error signal in a step 27 or 27 'and in
  • Frequency transformation steps 28 and 29 or 28 'and 29' in which a Fourier transformation of a selected time range is calculated, examined for its spectral components.
  • Frequency transformation steps 28 and 29 or 28 'and 29' are combined to a step 30 using short-term frequency analyzes, such as wavelets.
  • short-term frequency analyzes such as wavelets.
  • selected mathematical functions such as filters and / or standard functions are applied in a step 31 or 31 'to judge their correspondence to respective requirements and in one
  • Selection step 33 to select the switching state of the power electronics, which causes an output voltage of the power electronics, the best possible meets the requirements and this accordingly by means of a modulator, such as
  • Pulse width modulator in a control step 35 to adjust the power electronics to adjust the power electronics.
  • a respective frequency spectrum optimally fulfills a respective requirement, for example, a difference between a spectrum corresponding to the requirement and a respective spectrum which is assigned to a specific switching state from the alternative switching states determined in step 25 can be calculated.
  • a respective switching state of the power electronics is one or a plurality of configurations of switching states encompassed by the power electronics
  • the first spectrum 31 shows effects of differently chosen
  • Weighting factors on an equation by means of which two requirements are taken into account simultaneously in the calculation of a spectrum of an error signal of an output voltage of a power electronics.
  • factors of the equation according to the two requirements are adjusted such that a corresponding spectrum best suits the two requirements, i. H.
  • the first spectrum 31 shows the effects of the selection of small values in the determination of a first weighting factor, so that low frequencies, for example in a region 35 in comparison to higher ones
  • Frequencies in a range 37 are relatively strongly attenuated. Due to the influence of the second weighting factor, however, a relatively small number of outliers 39 occur in region 35, which could lead to disturbances in third-party devices.
  • Calculation of the second spectrum 33 can be considered to increase. This means that a simulation of a large number of switching states, such as 2, 5, 10 or 100 in the future, reduces or minimizes outliers.
  • FIG. 4 shows a spectrum 43 which has been entered into a diagram which extends over the abscissa over a frequency in the unit Hz and on the ordinate above a normalized relative amplitude.
  • Filter function was a range 53 within the spectrum 51, attenuated at about 5000 Hz with a width of about 400 Hz to create a spectral gap in the spectrum 51, so that a third party that sensitive to interference in the range of 5000 Hz is operated without interference parallel to a correspondingly regulated power electronics
  • spectrum 54 shows the spectrum of a switching signal of a switch of a power electronics using an embodiment of the presented method, which was plotted on a graph that is on 30 of the abscissa over a frequency in the unit Hz and on the Ordinate over one normalized relative amplitude extends.
  • two regions 55 and 56 are simultaneously attenuated by the presented control method to produce two spectral gaps in the spectrum 54 such that a third device sensitive to spurious signals in these two regions operates smoothly in parallel with a correspondingly controlled one Power electronics can be operated.
  • the presented method 60 is applied in a cascaded control to control the output voltage 62 of a
  • the DC converter 61 to control using an outer control loop 59.
  • the voltage error 64 is calculated by the output voltage 62 of the
  • DC-DC converter 61 is subtracted from the setpoint 57. From the
  • Voltage error 64 can thus be used to calculate the input to the voltage regulation method 63 (eg PI controller). The ratio of the voltage error 64 to
  • Input voltage is subtracted from the numerical representation of the switching states, and used as input to the external voltage regulator 63.
  • the external voltage regulator 63 calculates the input of the present invention
  • Method 60 calculates using a
  • setpoints 58 are known by respective specified requirements and past values 70 from a history of switching states of power electronics.
  • all possible future switching states of power electronics and the history of switching states of the power electronics with a temporally exponentially decaying window 66 are multiplied to the input signals as vectors for the
  • Frequency transformation 67 provide. The results of the frequency transformation 67 are compared with a target spectrum 68, resulting in an error signal in the Frequency range is calculated. From all possible switching states of the
  • set values 58 are known by respective specified requirements and past values 70 from a history of switching states of power electronics.
  • all possible future switching states of a power electronics and the history of switching states of the power electronics are evaluated to determine the number of switching operations in the examined time window for all possible future switching states in a step 72.
  • the future switching state that is best in accordance with the predetermined specifications eg, minimum number of switching states
  • setpoints 58 are known by respective specified requirements and past values 70 from a history of switching states of power electronics.
  • the illustrated sequence combines the calculations of the processes shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9. Here, both the number of
  • step 79 To identify switching state.
  • the optimum future switching state is passed on in step 79 to a switch of power electronics.
  • An embodiment of the present invention includes at least one integrated circuit, preferably a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or an application specific integrated circuit ASIC to implement the method.
  • This embodiment preferably measures at least one electrical voltage on at least one electrical connection pair by means of at least one voltage measurement and converts the at least one signal of the at least one voltage measurement into digital values for the at least one integrated circuit by means of an analog-to-digital conversion.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit ASIC
  • the invention further comprises at least one digital frequency transformation, preferably a discrete Fourier transformation.
  • the at least one frequency transformation can transform at least one digital voltage signal into a frequency range directly or indirectly after further mathematical operations.
  • the at least one shift register preferably stores past power electronics switching states, wherein the oldest value in the memory may be cleared in each timing step when a new value is added.
  • the output of the switching states which were identified as optimal due to the simulation of the possible switching states, can take place by means of at least one digital output of the at least one integrated circuit.
  • the embodiment preferably further comprises at least one gate driver which receives at least one signal of the at least one digital output and electrically amplifies this signal for at least one electronic switch.
  • control cascade comprising at least one voltage regulation and at least one spectral regulation may further comprise at least two integrated circuits, at least one of which is integrated
  • Circuit voltage regulation comprising at least one analog-to-digital converter, at least one digital output for outputting switching states and at least one controller implemented and at least one integrated circuit spectral control comprising at least one frequency transformation, at least one
  • Shift register at least one vector difference unit for calculating the difference between two vectors and at least one cumulative sum unit, which receives as input at least one vector and calculates the sum of the entries of the vector implemented.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de régulation d'une électronique de puissance d'un véhicule, dans lequel le modulateur de l'électronique de puissance sélectionne un état de commutation de l'électronique de puissance parmi plusieurs états de commutation possibles de l'électronique de puissance en fonction d'au moins une exigence, à produire à l'avance, de caractéristiques spectrales d'un signal d'erreur d'une tension de sortie de l'électronique de puissance et le règle dans l'électronique de puissance.
PCT/EP2018/025047 2017-05-15 2018-02-28 Dispositif et procédé de régulation spectrale d'un convertisseur continu-continu Ceased WO2018210453A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112018001464.9T DE112018001464A5 (de) 2017-05-15 2018-02-28 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur spektralen Regelung eines Gleichspannungswandlers

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017110454.2 2017-05-15
DE102017110454 2017-05-15

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WO2018210453A1 true WO2018210453A1 (fr) 2018-11-22

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WO (1) WO2018210453A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110442042A (zh) * 2019-08-13 2019-11-12 华北电力大学 电动汽车接入电力电子变压器数字物理混合实时仿真系统

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EP0508171A1 (fr) * 1991-04-11 1992-10-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Etage de sortie de puissance à découpage pour charges inductives
US5901176A (en) 1997-04-29 1999-05-04 Hewlett-Packard Company Delta-sigma pulse width modulator control circuit
US20010015904A1 (en) 1999-12-27 2001-08-23 Tomonori Kimura Power converter apparatus and related method
US6559698B1 (en) 1999-10-18 2003-05-06 Nippon Precision Circuits, Inc. Spread spectrum type clock generating circuit
US20030174081A1 (en) 2002-03-13 2003-09-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Controlled drive circuit for an analog driven power semiconductor
US20050254265A1 (en) 2002-08-12 2005-11-17 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Voltage conversion device, voltage conversion method, and computer-readable recording medium containing program causing computer to execute voltage conversion
US20090033374A1 (en) 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 John Paul Lesso Clock generator
EP2197111A1 (fr) * 2008-12-15 2010-06-16 Danaher Motion Stockholm AB Un circuit de commande de grille, ensemble de commutateur et système de commutateur
US20120032710A1 (en) * 2010-08-09 2012-02-09 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Semiconductor device driving unit and method

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0508171A1 (fr) * 1991-04-11 1992-10-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Etage de sortie de puissance à découpage pour charges inductives
US5901176A (en) 1997-04-29 1999-05-04 Hewlett-Packard Company Delta-sigma pulse width modulator control circuit
US6559698B1 (en) 1999-10-18 2003-05-06 Nippon Precision Circuits, Inc. Spread spectrum type clock generating circuit
US20010015904A1 (en) 1999-12-27 2001-08-23 Tomonori Kimura Power converter apparatus and related method
US20030174081A1 (en) 2002-03-13 2003-09-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Controlled drive circuit for an analog driven power semiconductor
US20050254265A1 (en) 2002-08-12 2005-11-17 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Voltage conversion device, voltage conversion method, and computer-readable recording medium containing program causing computer to execute voltage conversion
US20090033374A1 (en) 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 John Paul Lesso Clock generator
EP2197111A1 (fr) * 2008-12-15 2010-06-16 Danaher Motion Stockholm AB Un circuit de commande de grille, ensemble de commutateur et système de commutateur
US20120032710A1 (en) * 2010-08-09 2012-02-09 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Semiconductor device driving unit and method

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D. SCHROEDER: "Leistungselektronische Schaltungen", 2012, SPRINGER
R. W. ERICKSON; D. MAKSIMOVIC: "Fundamentals of Power Electronics", 2001, SPRINGER

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110442042A (zh) * 2019-08-13 2019-11-12 华北电力大学 电动汽车接入电力电子变压器数字物理混合实时仿真系统
CN110442042B (zh) * 2019-08-13 2021-01-15 华北电力大学 电动汽车接入电力电子变压器数字物理混合实时仿真系统

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