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WO2018133367A1 - 显示面板及显示装置 - Google Patents

显示面板及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018133367A1
WO2018133367A1 PCT/CN2017/095177 CN2017095177W WO2018133367A1 WO 2018133367 A1 WO2018133367 A1 WO 2018133367A1 CN 2017095177 W CN2017095177 W CN 2017095177W WO 2018133367 A1 WO2018133367 A1 WO 2018133367A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
black matrix
display panel
matrix pattern
liquid crystal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/095177
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李忠孝
董学
陈小川
赵文卿
王海燕
陈祯祐
牛小辰
朱劲野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BOE Technology Group Co Ltd filed Critical BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority to US15/767,638 priority Critical patent/US10571733B2/en
Publication of WO2018133367A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018133367A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134345—Subdivided pixels, e.g. for grey scale or redundancy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/30—Gray scale
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/64—Normally black display, i.e. the off state being black
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/66—Normally white display, i.e. the off state being white

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel and a display device.
  • the liquid crystal display is a display device which is currently used on a large scale, and has a series of advantages such as high color gamut, light weight, fast response time, etc., and has mature technology in theoretical research and practical processes.
  • the display principle of the existing liquid crystal display is The gray scale display is realized by the modulation of the polarized light by the liquid crystal, and the polarizing plate is an essential component of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the polarizing plate needs to be attached to the light incident side and the light exit side of each liquid crystal display panel, which causes an increase in cost on the one hand.
  • the loss of light efficiency is caused, and the loss of light efficiency of the liquid crystal display device caused by the polarizing plate can be more than 50%.
  • the present disclosure provides a display panel and a display device, which can complete gray scale display without a polarizing plate, can reduce the cost of the display device, and reduce the loss of light efficiency of the display device.
  • a display panel including a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel including at least one display unit, each display unit including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a liquid crystal between the first electrode and the second electrode a layer; each display unit further includes a first black matrix pattern on one side of the first electrode of the liquid crystal layer, a second black matrix pattern on a side of the second electrode of the liquid crystal layer, the second The black matrix pattern has an opening; wherein the first black matrix pattern and the opening are configured such that the first black matrix pattern is completely occluded when no electric field is generated between the first electrode and the second electrode a collimated light incident from the opening; when an electric field is generated between the first electrode and the second electrode, a liquid crystal layer between the first electrode and the second electrode can be Collimation of opening incidence The light is refracted such that at least a portion of the refracted light exits the display panel about the first black matrix pattern.
  • the orthographic projection of the opening on the first black matrix pattern coincides with the first black matrix pattern.
  • the orthographic projection of the opening on the first black matrix pattern falls entirely within the first black matrix pattern.
  • the first electrode is a planar electrode
  • the second electrode is a strip electrode.
  • the first electrode is a planar electrode
  • the second electrode is a strip electrode.
  • the electric field can be adjusted so that the liquid crystal layer is equivalent to an isosceles triangle prism.
  • the incident collimated ray is deflected in two directions or four directions, the optical path of the collimated ray is changed, and the incident collimated ray is refracted such that at least part of the ray exits the first black matrix pattern from the display panel.
  • the first electrode is a strip electrode
  • the second electrode is a strip electrode
  • the extending direction of the first electrode is perpendicular to an extending direction of the second electrode.
  • the liquid crystal layer includes a first sub-liquid crystal layer and a second sub-liquid crystal layer
  • the display unit further includes: a planar third portion between the first electrode and the second electrode An electrode and a fourth electrode in a planar shape, the fourth electrode is located on a side of the third electrode facing away from the first electrode, and the first electrode is disposed between the first electrode and the third electrode a sub liquid crystal layer, wherein the second sub liquid crystal layer is disposed between the second electrode and the fourth electrode,
  • the first sub-liquid crystal layer When an electrical signal is applied to the first electrode and the third electrode, the first sub-liquid crystal layer can be polarized in the direction of an electric field between the first electrode and the third electrode. Collimated light in one direction is refracted;
  • the second sub-liquid crystal layer When an electrical signal is applied to the second electrode and the fourth electrode, the second sub-liquid crystal layer is capable of polarizing direction under the electric field between the second electrode and the fourth electrode The collimated light rays in the two directions are refracted, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the display unit further includes:
  • a color filter disposed on the first electrode side.
  • the color filter is disposed in the same layer as the first black matrix pattern, and the color filter surrounds the first black matrix pattern.
  • the display unit has a length of 10-20 um.
  • the display unit further includes:
  • An atomizing film disposed on the first electrode side.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device including the display panel as described above.
  • a backlight is disposed on the light incident side of the display panel, and the backlight is configured to provide incident collimated light to the display panel.
  • the liquid crystal layer between the first electrode and the second electrode is capable of refracting the collimated light incident from the second black matrix pattern opening, so that after the refraction At least part of the light circumvents the first black matrix pattern to exit the display panel, thereby realizing gray scale display.
  • the first black matrix pattern can completely block the collimation incident from the opening. Light, dark state display.
  • the gray scale display can be completed without the polarizing plate, the cost of the display device can be reduced, and the loss of the light efficiency of the display device can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path when a display panel displays a bright state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical path when a display panel displays a dark state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another optical path when the display panel displays a bright state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a light emitted from a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an electrode on a display panel opposite to two substrates according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 and 8 are schematic views of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to attaching a polarizing plate to the light incident side and the light exiting side of each liquid crystal display panel in the prior art, which causes an increase in cost on the one hand and a loss of light efficiency on the other hand.
  • a display panel and a display device are provided, and the gray scale display can be completed without a polarizing plate, which can reduce the cost of the display device and reduce the loss of the light effect of the display device.
  • each display unit includes a first electrode 5, a second electrode 7, and a first electrode.
  • a liquid crystal layer 6 between the 5 and the second electrode 7, the first electrode side is provided with a first black matrix pattern 1
  • the second electrode side is provided with a second black matrix pattern 9
  • the second black matrix pattern 9 has an opening 91
  • the first black matrix pattern 1 is arranged corresponding to the opening 91, that is, the first black matrix pattern 1 is;
  • the liquid crystal layer 6 between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7 is capable of collimating incident from the opening 91
  • the light is refracted such that at least a portion of the refracted light exits the display panel from the first black matrix pattern 1; when no electric field is generated between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7,
  • the first black matrix pattern 1 can completely block the collimated light incident from the opening 91.
  • the liquid crystal layer between the first electrode and the second electrode can refract the collimated light incident from the opening 91 of the second black matrix pattern 2. So that at least part of the refracted light circulates through the first black matrix pattern 1 to emit the display panel, thereby realizing gray scale display.
  • the first black matrix pattern can completely block The collimated light incident at the opening enables dark state display.
  • the gray scale display can be completed without the polarizing plate, the cost of the display device can be reduced, and the loss of the light efficiency of the display device can be reduced.
  • the first electrode 5 and the first black matrix pattern 1 are both disposed on the base substrate 3, and the second electrode 7 and the second black matrix pattern 9 are both disposed on the base substrate 10.
  • Upper projection of the opening 91 of the second black matrix pattern 9 on the base substrate 3 may be combined with the first black matrix pattern 1 The orthographic projections on the base substrate 3 coincide.
  • the orthographic projection of the opening 91 of the second black matrix pattern 9 on the first black matrix pattern 1 completely falls into the first black matrix pattern 1, such that the first electrode 5 When no electric field is generated between the second electrode 7 and the second electrode 7, it is ensured that the first black matrix pattern 1 completely blocks the collimated light incident from the opening 91 without causing light leakage.
  • the display panel includes a base substrate 3 and a base substrate 10 disposed on the cartridge, and a liquid crystal layer 6 is disposed between the base substrate 3 and the base substrate 10;
  • the first black matrix pattern 1 , the color filter 4 , and the first electrode 5 are sequentially disposed on a side of the base substrate 3 facing the base substrate 10 , wherein the color filter 4 is disposed in the same layer as the first black matrix pattern 1 .
  • the color filter 4 surrounds the first black matrix pattern 1, or the first black matrix pattern 1 is embedded in the color filter 4, so that at least part of the light refracted by the liquid crystal layer 6 can bypass the first black matrix pattern 1
  • the color filter 4 is emitted from the display panel to realize color display, and the color filter 4 and the first black matrix pattern 1 can also play a flat role to cover the trace formed on the substrate 3;
  • a second black matrix pattern 9 is disposed on the side of the base substrate 10 facing the base substrate 3, and the insulating layer 8 and the second electrode 7 are planarized, and the thin film transistor formed on the base substrate 10 can be covered.
  • the second black matrix pattern 9 has an opening 91, The orthographic projection of the opening on the first black matrix pattern 1 falls within the range of the first black matrix pattern 1.
  • the insulating layer 8 covers the second black matrix pattern 9, including the opening 91 covering the second black matrix pattern 9.
  • the light source required for the display panel is collimated light, and the collimated light is irradiated into the display panel through the opening 91 of the second black matrix pattern 9, passes through the liquid crystal layer 6, and passes through the first electrode 5 and
  • the second electrode 7 applies an electric field to deflect the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 6.
  • the electric field between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7 is adjusted, and the liquid crystal layer 6 can be adjusted.
  • the first electrode 5 is a planar electrode
  • the second electrode 7 is a strip electrode.
  • the electric field can be adjusted so that the liquid crystal layer 6 is equivalent to one. a right-angle prism, thereby changing the optical path of the collimated light, and refracting the incident collimated light such that at least part of the light exits the first black matrix pattern 1 from the display panel, since the refracted light passes through the color filter 4 and exits
  • the display panel enables color display.
  • the opening 91 of the second black matrix pattern 9 is incident.
  • the collimated light does not deflect, travels along a straight line, is blocked by the first black matrix pattern 1, and no light is emitted from the display panel.
  • the display panel displays a black state.
  • the liquid crystal layer 6 can deflect the incident collimated rays at different angles, so that part of the light is emitted through the color filter to the display panel, part of the light.
  • the gray scale display can be realized by being absorbed by the first black matrix pattern 1 and adjusting the proportion of the two parts of the light.
  • the liquid crystal layer 6 can be made equivalent to an isosceles triangular prism, so that the alignment of the incident is made.
  • the light is deflected in two directions, and the display panel is emitted from both sides of the first black matrix pattern 1, so that the light emitted from the display panel is more uniform.
  • the incident collimated rays can also be deflected in four directions, from the first The four sides of the black matrix pattern 1 exit the display panel, thereby making the light exiting the display panel more uniform.
  • the sub-pixels of the display panel may include one or more display units having a length of 10-20 um.
  • the length of the display unit can be reduced to less than 10um.
  • the first electrode 5 may be designed as a strip electrode
  • the second electrode 7 is designed as a strip electrode
  • the extending direction of the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7 The extending direction is perpendicular, so that when a single liquid crystal cell is disposed between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7, light rays perpendicular to each other in the polarization direction can be refracted, in other words, collimation of various polarization directions can be performed. The light is refracted.
  • the display panel of the present embodiment can also be implemented using a dual liquid crystal cell structure.
  • the liquid crystal layer includes a first sub-liquid crystal layer and a second sub-liquid crystal layer
  • the display unit further includes: a planar shape between the first electrode and the second electrode a third electrode and a planar fourth electrode, wherein the fourth electrode is located on a side of the third electrode facing away from the first electrode, and the first electrode and the third electrode are disposed between a first sub-liquid crystal layer, wherein the second sub-liquid crystal layer is disposed between the second electrode and the fourth electrode,
  • the first sub-liquid crystal layer When an electrical signal is applied to the first electrode and the third electrode, the first sub-liquid crystal layer can be polarized in the direction of an electric field between the first electrode and the third electrode. Collimated light in one direction is refracted;
  • the second sub-liquid crystal layer When an electrical signal is applied to the second electrode and the fourth electrode, the second sub-liquid crystal layer is capable of polarizing direction under the electric field between the second electrode and the fourth electrode The collimated light rays in the two directions are refracted, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the electric field between the first electrode and the third electrode can drive the liquid crystal in the first sub-liquid crystal layer to be deflected, so that the first sub-liquid crystal layer has the first polarization direction.
  • the collimated light of the direction is refracted; the second sub-liquid crystal layer is located between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, such that by applying an electrical signal to the second electrode and the fourth electrode, the second electrode and the fourth electrode can be made
  • the electric field drives the liquid crystal deflection in the second sub-liquid crystal layer such that the second sub-liquid crystal layer refracts the collimated light having the polarization direction of the second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, thereby causing the first sub-liquid crystal layer Cooperating with the second sub-liquid crystal layer to refract light of different polarization directions.
  • the display panel adopting the double liquid crystal cell structure includes the sub display panel as shown in FIG. 7 and the sub display panel shown in FIG. 8 , and the two sub display panels are stacked, and the glass glue can be used for the whole surface in the middle, and the requirement is required.
  • the two sub-display panels are accurately aligned to ensure that the center of the opening 91 of the second black matrix pattern 9 shown in FIG. 7 coincides with the center of the first black matrix pattern 1 shown in FIG. 8, and the sub-display panel shown in FIG. Located on the light entrance side, the sub display panel shown in FIG. 8 is located on the light exit side.
  • one of the sub display panels includes a base substrate 11 and a base substrate 10 disposed on the substrate, and a planar fourth electrode 12 is disposed on a side of the base substrate 11 facing the base substrate 10.
  • a second black matrix pattern 9 On the side of the base substrate 10 facing the base substrate 11, a second black matrix pattern 9, an insulating layer 8 and a second electrode 7, and a second sub-liquid crystal between the second electrode 7 and the fourth electrode 12 are disposed.
  • another sub display panel includes a base substrate 3 and a base substrate 15 which are provided on the substrate, and an insulating layer 14 and a planar surface are provided on a side of the base substrate 15 facing the base substrate 3.
  • the third electrode 13 is provided with a first black matrix pattern 1 on the side of the base substrate 3 facing the substrate substrate 15, and the color filter 4 And the first electrode 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sub-display panel along the x-axis direction
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the sub-display panel along the y-axis direction, defining the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction in FIG. 7 and FIG.
  • the sub display panel shown in FIG. 7 can modulate the horizontally polarized light
  • the sub display panel shown in FIG. 8 can modulate the vertical direction polarized light, thereby superimposing the sub display panel and the diagram shown in FIG.
  • the display panel of the sub display panel shown in FIG. 8 can modulate light of various polarization directions to realize display, and the light emission diagram thereof is the same as that of FIG. 5.
  • Loading the electrical signals of different voltage values to the respective electrodes can make the sub-liquid crystal layer equivalent to prisms with different refractive indexes, thereby controlling the light deflection angle and realizing gray scale display. Since the electrodes of the upper and lower liquid crystal cells of the display panel having the structure shown in Figs. 7 and 8 are separately controlled, a more delicate gray scale display can be realized.
  • the display unit further includes:
  • the atomizing film 2 is disposed on the first electrode side, and the atomizing film 2 can disperse the emitted collimated light to enlarge the viewing angle of the display panel.
  • the atomizing film 2 may be located on a side of the base substrate 3 facing away from the first black matrix pattern 1.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device including the display panel as described above.
  • the display device may be any product or component having a display function, such as a liquid crystal television, a liquid crystal display, a digital photo frame, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc., wherein the display device may further include a flexible circuit board, a printed circuit board, and a backboard.
  • the display device may further include a backlight disposed on a light incident side of the display panel, the backlight being configured to provide incident collimated light to the display panel.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

一种显示面板及显示装置，显示面板包括多个亚像素，每一亚像素包括显示单元，显示单元包括第一电极(5)、第二电极(7)以及液晶层(6)，第一电极(5)侧设置有第一黑矩阵图形(1)，第二电极(7)侧设置有第二黑矩阵图形(9)，第二黑矩阵图形(9)具有一开口(91)，第一黑矩阵图形(1)对应开口(91)设置；在第一电极(5)和第二电极(7)之间产生电场时，第一电极(5)和第二电极(7)之间的液晶层(6)能够对由开口(91)入射的准直光线进行折射，使得折射后的至少部分光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形(1)出射显示面板；在第一电极(5)和第二电极(7)之间未产生电场时，第一黑矩阵图形(1)能够完全遮挡由开口(91)入射的准直光线。从而无需偏振片即可完成灰阶显示，能够降低显示装置的成本，减少显示装置光效的损失。

Description

显示面板及显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2017年1月22日提交的、名称为“显示面板及显示装置”的中国专利申请NO.2017100467084的优先权，该专利申请的公开内容通过引用方式整体并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，特别是指一种显示面板及显示装置。
背景技术
液晶显示器是目前大规模使用的显示器件，其具有色域高，轻薄化，响应时间快等一系列的优点，在理论研究以及实际工艺方面都有着成熟的技术，现有液晶显示器的显示原理是利用液晶对偏振光的调制实现灰阶显示，偏振片是液晶显示器件的必要组成部分，在每个液晶显示面板的入光侧和出光侧需要分别贴附偏振片，这样一方面造成成本的增加；另一方面会造成光效的损失，偏振片导致的液晶显示器件的光效损失可达50％以上。
公开内容
本公开提供一种显示面板及显示装置，无需偏振片即可完成灰阶显示，能够降低显示装置的成本，减少显示装置光效的损失。
本公开的实施例提供技术方案如下：
一方面，提供一种显示面板，包括多个亚像素，每一亚像素包括至少一个显示单元，每一显示单元包括第一电极、第二电极以及位于第一电极和第二电极之间的液晶层；每一显示单元还包括在液晶层的所述第一电极的一侧的第一黑矩阵图形，在液晶层的所述第二电极的一侧的第二黑矩阵图形，所述第二黑矩阵图形具有开口；其中，所述第一黑矩阵图形和所述开口配置使得在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间未产生电场时，所述第一黑矩阵图形能够完全遮挡由所述开口入射的准直光线；；在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间产生电场时，所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的液晶层能够对由所述开口入射的准直 光线进行折射，使得折射后的至少部分光线绕过所述第一黑矩阵图形出射所述显示面板。
在一个实施例中，所述开口在所述第一黑矩阵图形上的正投影与所述第一黑矩阵图形重合。
在一个实施例中，所述开口在所述第一黑矩阵图形上的正投影完全落入所述第一黑矩阵图形中。
在一个实施例中，所述第一电极为为面状电极，第二电极为条状电极，通过对不同的电极施加不同的电信号，可以调整电场使得液晶层相当于一个直角棱镜，改变准直光线的光路，对入射的准直光线进行折射使得至少部分光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形从显示面板出射。
在一个实施例中，所述第一电极为为面状电极，第二电极为条状电极，通过对不同的电极施加不同的电信号，可以调整电场使得液晶层等效于等腰三角棱镜，使得入射的准直光线沿两个方向或者四个方向进行偏转，改变准直光线的光路，对入射的准直光线进行折射使得至少部分光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形从显示面板出射。
在一个实施例中，所述第一电极为条状电极，所述第二电极为条状电极，且所述第一电极的延伸方向与所述第二电极的延伸方向相垂直。
在一个实施例中，所述液晶层包括第一子液晶层和第二子液晶层，所述显示单元还包括：位于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的面状的第三电极和面状的第四电极，所述第四电极位于所述第三电极背向所述第一电极的一侧，所述第一电极和所述第三电极之间设置有所述第一子液晶层，所述第二电极和所述第四电极之间设置有所述第二子液晶层，
在向所述第一电极和所述第三电极施加电信号时，在所述第一电极和所述第三电极之间的电场作用下，所述第一子液晶层能够对偏振方向为第一方向的准直光线进行折射；
在向所述第二电极和所述第四电极施加电信号时，在所述第二电极和所述第四电极之间的电场作用下，所述第二子液晶层能够对偏振方向为第二方向的准直光线进行折射，所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直。
在一个实施例中，所述显示单元还包括：
设置在所述第一电极侧的彩色滤光片。
在一个实施例中，所述彩色滤光片与所述第一黑矩阵图形同层设置，所述彩色滤光片包围所述第一黑矩阵图形。
在一个实施例中，所述显示单元的长度为10-20um。
在一个实施例中，所述显示单元还包括：
设置在所述第一电极侧的雾化膜。
本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括如上所述的显示面板。
在一个实施例中，还包括设置在所述显示面板入光侧的背光源，所述背光源用以向所述显示面板提供入射的准直光线。
本公开的实施例具有以下有益效果：
上述方案中，在第一电极和第二电极之间产生电场时，第一电极和第二电极之间的液晶层能够对由第二黑矩阵图形开口入射的准直光线进行折射，使得折射后的至少部分光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形出射显示面板，从而实现灰阶显示，在第一电极和第二电极之间未产生电场时，第一黑矩阵图形能够完全遮挡由开口入射的准直光线，实现暗态显示。通过本公开的技术方案，无需偏振片即可完成灰阶显示，能够降低显示装置的成本，减少显示装置光效的损失。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例显示面板的截面示意图；
图2为本公开实施例显示面板显示亮态时的光路示意图；
图3为本公开实施例显示面板显示暗态时的光路示意图；
图4为本公开实施例显示面板显示亮态时的另一光路示意图；
图5为本公开实施例显示面板出射光线的示意图；
图6为本公开实施例显示面板相对两基板上的电极示意图；
图7和图8为本公开实施例子显示面板的示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的实施例要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
本公开的实施例针对现有技术中在每个液晶显示面板的入光侧和出光侧需要分别贴附偏振片，这样一方面造成成本的增加；另一方面会造成光效的损失的问题，提供一种显示面板及显示装置，无需偏振片即可完成灰阶显示，能够降低显示装置的成本，减少显示装置光效的损失。
本实施例提供一种显示面板，包括多个亚像素，每一亚像素包括至少一个显示单元，如图1所示，每一显示单元包括第一电极5、第二电极7以及位于第一电极5和第二电极7之间的液晶层6，所述第一电极侧设置有第一黑矩阵图形1，所述第二电极侧设置有第二黑矩阵图形9，所述第二黑矩阵图形9具有开口91，所述第一黑矩阵图形1对应所述开口91设置，即第一黑矩阵图形1在；
在所述第一电极5和所述第二电极7之间产生电场时，所述第一电极5和所述第二电极7之间的液晶层6能够对由所述开口91入射的准直光线进行折射，使得折射后的至少部分光线绕过所述第一黑矩阵图形1从所述显示面板射出；在所述第一电极5和所述第二电极7之间未产生电场时，所述第一黑矩阵图形1能够完全遮挡由所述开口91入射的准直光线。
本实施例中，在第一电极和第二电极之间产生电场时，第一电极和第二电极之间的液晶层能够对由第二黑矩阵图形2的开口91入射的准直光线进行折射，使得折射后的至少部分光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形1射出显示面板，从而实现灰阶显示，在第一电极和第二电极之间未产生电场时，第一黑矩阵图形能够完全遮挡由开口入射的准直光线，实现暗态显示。通过本公开的技术方案，无需偏振片即可完成灰阶显示，能够降低显示装置的成本，减少显示装置光效的损失。
在一实施方式中，如图1所示，第一电极5和第一黑矩阵图形1均设置在衬底基板3上，第二电极7和第二黑矩阵图形9均设置在衬底基板10上，第二黑矩阵图形9的开口91在衬底基板3上的正投影可以与第一黑矩阵图形1 在衬底基板3上的正投影重合。
在一个实施例中，还可以是第二黑矩阵图形9的开口91在所述第一黑矩阵图形1上的正投影完全落入所述第一黑矩阵图形1中，这样在第一电极5和第二电极7之间未产生电场时，能够保证第一黑矩阵图形1完全遮挡由开口91入射的准直光线，不会产生漏光。
一具体实施方式中，如图1-图4所示，显示面板包括对盒设置的衬底基板3和衬底基板10，衬底基板3和衬底基板10之间设置有液晶层6；在衬底基板3朝向衬底基板10的一侧依次设置有第一黑矩阵图形1、彩色滤光片4和第一电极5，其中彩色滤光片4与第一黑矩阵图形1同层设置，彩色滤光片4包围第一黑矩阵图形1，或者说第一黑矩阵图形1嵌入在彩色滤光片4中，这样经液晶层6折射后的至少部分光线可以绕过第一黑矩阵图形1经彩色滤光片4从显示面板出射，从而实现彩色显示，同时彩色滤光片4和第一黑矩阵图形1还可以起到平坦的作用，覆盖衬底基板3上形成的走线；在衬底基板10朝向衬底基板3的一侧依次设置有第二黑矩阵图形9，绝缘层8和第二电极7，绝缘层8起平坦化作用，同时可以覆盖衬底基板10上形成的薄膜晶体管阵列以及走线，第二黑矩阵图形9具有开口91，开口在第一黑矩阵图形1上的正投影落入第一黑矩阵图形1上的范围内。在本实施例中，绝缘层8覆盖第二黑矩阵图形9，包括覆盖第二黑矩阵图形9的开口91。
在本公开的一个实施例中，显示面板所需要的光源为准直光线，准直光线经第二黑矩阵图形9的开口91照射入显示面板，经过液晶层6，通过对第一电极5和第二电极7施加电场，使得液晶层6中的液晶发生偏转，通过对不同的电极施加不同的电信号，调整第一电极5和第二电极7之间的电场大小，可以调整液晶层6中不同位置液晶的偏转角度。
在如图2所示的实施例中，第一电极5为面状电极，第二电极7为条状电极，通过对不同的电极施加不同的电信号，可以调整电场使得液晶层6相当于一个直角棱镜，从而改变准直光线的光路，对入射的准直光线进行折射使得至少部分光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形1从显示面板出射，由于折射后的光线是经过彩色滤光片4后出射显示面板，因此能够实现彩色显示。
如图3所示，当不对第一电极5和第二电极7施加电信号，在第一电极5和第二电极7之间未产生电场时，由第二黑矩阵图形9的开口91入射的准直光线不会发生偏折，沿直线传播，被第一黑矩阵图形1所遮挡，没有光线出射显示面板，此时显示面板显示黑态。
通过调整施加在第一电极5和第二电极7上电信号的电压值，液晶层6可以对入射的准直光线进行不同角度的偏转，使得部分光线经彩色滤光片出射显示面板，部分光线被第一黑矩阵图形1吸收，调整两部分的光线的比例，即可实现灰阶显示。
在一个实施例中，如图4所示，通过调整施加在第一电极5和第二电极7上电信号的电压值，可以使得液晶层6等效于等腰三角棱镜，使得入射的准直光线沿两个方向进行偏转，从第一黑矩阵图形1的两侧出射显示面板，从而使得出射显示面板的光线更加均匀。
在一个实施例中，如图5所示，通过调整施加在第一电极5和第二电极7上电信号的电压值，还可以使得入射的准直光线沿四个方向进行偏转，从第一黑矩阵图形1的四个侧边出射显示面板，从而使得出射显示面板的光线更加均匀。
显示面板的亚像素可以包括一个或多个显示单元，所述显示单元的长度为10-20um。当工艺能力提升时，显示单元的长度还可以缩小至10um以内。
在图4所示的结构中，在液晶盒两侧的电极其中一个为条形电极，另外一个为面状电极时，仅能够对单一偏振方向的光进行折射。
在本公开的一个实施例中，如图6所示，可以将第一电极5设计为条状电极，第二电极7设计为条状电极，且第一电极5的延伸方向与第二电极7的延伸方向相垂直，这样在第一电极5和第二电极7之间进设置单一液晶盒时，能够对偏振方向相互垂直的光线进行折射，换句话说，可以对各种偏振方向的准直光线进行折射。
在本公开的另一具体实施方式中，还可以采用双液晶盒结构来实现本实施例的显示面板。该具体实施方式中，所述液晶层包括第一子液晶层和第二子液晶层，所述显示单元还包括：位于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的面状的 第三电极和面状的第四电极，所述第四电极位于所述第三电极背向所述第一电极的一侧，所述第一电极和所述第三电极之间设置有所述第一子液晶层，所述第二电极和所述第四电极之间设置有所述第二子液晶层，
在向所述第一电极和所述第三电极施加电信号时，在所述第一电极和所述第三电极之间的电场作用下，所述第一子液晶层能够对偏振方向为第一方向的准直光线进行折射；
在向所述第二电极和所述第四电极施加电信号时，在所述第二电极和所述第四电极之间的电场作用下，所述第二子液晶层能够对偏振方向为第二方向的准直光线进行折射，所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直。
这样通过对第一电极和第三电极施加电信号，可以使得第一电极和第三电极之间的电场驱动第一子液晶层中的液晶偏转，使得第一子液晶层对偏振方向为第一方向的准直光线进行折射；第二子液晶层位于第二电极和第四电极之间，这样通过对第二电极和第四电极施加电信号，可以使得第二电极和第四电极之间的电场驱动第二子液晶层中的液晶偏转，使得第二子液晶层对偏振方向为第二方向的准直光线进行折射，其中第一方向与第二方向相互垂直，从而使得第一子液晶层与第二子液晶层相互配合实现对不同偏振方向的光进行折射。
具体地，采用双液晶盒结构的显示面板包括如图7所示的子显示面板和图8所示的子显示面板，两个子显示面板层叠放置，中间可以选用玻璃胶进行整面贴合，要求两个子显示面板精确对位，保证图7所示的第二黑矩阵图形9的开口91中心与图8所示的第一黑矩阵图形1的中心相重合，且图7所示的子显示面板位于入光侧，图8所示的子显示面板位于出光侧。
如图7所示，其中一子显示面板包括对盒设置的衬底基板11和衬底基板10，在衬底基板11朝向衬底基板10的一侧上设置有面状的第四电极12，在衬底基板10朝向衬底基板11的一侧上设置有第二黑矩阵图形9，绝缘层8和第二电极7，在第二电极7和第四电极12之间设置有第二子液晶层。如图8所示，另一子显示面板包括对盒设置的衬底基板3和衬底基板15，在衬底基板15朝向衬底基板3的一侧上设置有绝缘层14和面状的第三电极13，在衬底基板3朝向衬底基板15的一侧上设置有第一黑矩阵图形1，彩色滤光片4 和第一电极5。
图7所示为子显示面板沿x轴方向的截面示意图，图8所示为子显示面板沿y轴方向的截面示意图，定义图7和图8中的x轴方向与y轴方向分别对应水平方向与竖直方向，则图7所示的子显示面板可以调制水平方向偏振光，图8所示的子显示面板可以调制竖直方向偏振光，从而叠加图7所示的子显示面板和图8所示的子显示面板的显示面板可以调制各种偏振方向的光，实现显示，其出光示意图与图5相同。向各个电极加载不同电压值的电信号，可以使得子液晶层等效为不同折射率的棱镜，从而控制光线偏转角度，实现灰阶显示。由于采用图7和图8所示结构的显示面板的上下液晶盒的电极分别控制，因此可以实现更加细腻的灰阶显示。
在一个实施例中，由于经过折射后的光线仍然是准直光线，而准直光线的可视角度比较小，因此，如图1-图4所示，所述显示单元还包括：
设置在所述第一电极侧的雾化膜2，雾化膜2可以打散出射的准直光线，扩大显示面板的可视角度。具体地，雾化膜2可以位于衬底基板3背向第一黑矩阵图形1的一侧。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括如上所述的显示面板。所述显示装置可以为：液晶电视、液晶显示器、数码相框、手机、平板电脑等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件，其中，所述显示装置还可以包括柔性电路板、印刷电路板和背板。
在一个实施例中，显示装置还可以包括设置在所述显示面板入光侧的背光源，所述背光源用以向所述显示面板提供入射的准直光线。
以上所述是本公开的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种显示面板，包括多个亚像素，每一亚像素包括至少一个显示单元，每一显示单元包括第一电极、第二电极以及位于第一电极和第二电极之间的液晶层；每一显示单元还包括在液晶层的所述第一电极的一侧的第一黑矩阵图形，在液晶层的所述第二电极的一侧的第二黑矩阵图形，所述第二黑矩阵图形具有开口；
    其中，所述第一黑矩阵图形和所述开口配置使得在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间未产生电场时，所述第一黑矩阵图形能够完全遮挡由所述开口入射的准直光线；在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间产生电场时，所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的液晶层能够对由所述开口入射的准直光线进行折射，使得折射后的至少部分光线绕过所述第一黑矩阵图形出射所述显示面板。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述开口在所述第一黑矩阵图形上的正投影与所述第一黑矩阵图形重合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述开口在所述第一黑矩阵图形上的正投影完全落入所述第一黑矩阵图形中。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述第一电极为为面状电极，第二电极为条状电极，通过对不同的电极施加不同的电信号，可以调整电场使得液晶层相当于一个直角棱镜，改变准直光线的光路，对入射的准直光线进行折射使得至少部分光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形从显示面板出射。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述第一电极为为面状电极，第二电极为条状电极，通过对不同的电极施加不同的电信号，可以调整电场使得液晶层等效于等腰三角棱镜，使得入射的准直光线沿两个方向或者四个方向进行偏转，改变准直光线的光路，对入射的准直光线进行折射使得至少部分光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形从显示面板出射。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述第一电极为条状电极，所述第二电极为条状电极，且所述第一电极的延伸方向与所述第二电极的延伸方向相垂直。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的显示面板，其中所述液晶层包括第一子液晶层 和第二子液晶层，所述显示单元还包括：位于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的面状的第三电极和面状的第四电极，所述第四电极位于所述第三电极背向所述第一电极的一侧，所述第一电极和所述第三电极之间设置有所述第一子液晶层，所述第二电极和所述第四电极之间设置有所述第二子液晶层，
    在向所述第一电极和所述第三电极施加电信号时，在所述第一电极和所述第三电极之间的电场作用下，所述第一子液晶层能够对偏振方向为第一方向的准直光线进行折射；
    在向所述第二电极和所述第四电极施加电信号时，在所述第二电极和所述第四电极之间的电场作用下，所述第二子液晶层能够对偏振方向为第二方向的准直光线进行折射，所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述显示单元还包括：
    设置在所述第一电极侧的彩色滤光片。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的显示面板，其中所述彩色滤光片与所述第一黑矩阵图形同层设置，所述彩色滤光片包围所述第一黑矩阵图形。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述显示单元的长度为10-20um。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的显示面板，其中所述显示单元还包括：
    设置在所述第一电极侧的雾化膜。
  12. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的显示面板。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，还包括设置在所述显示面板入光侧的背光源，所述背光源用以向所述显示面板提供入射的准直光线。
PCT/CN2017/095177 2017-01-22 2017-07-31 显示面板及显示装置 Ceased WO2018133367A1 (zh)

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