WO2018126105A1 - Synthèse d'intermédiaires réactifs pour polyétherimides et leurs utilisations - Google Patents
Synthèse d'intermédiaires réactifs pour polyétherimides et leurs utilisations Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018126105A1 WO2018126105A1 PCT/US2017/068890 US2017068890W WO2018126105A1 WO 2018126105 A1 WO2018126105 A1 WO 2018126105A1 US 2017068890 W US2017068890 W US 2017068890W WO 2018126105 A1 WO2018126105 A1 WO 2018126105A1
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- dianhydride
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- phenylene
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- 0 Cc1ccc(*c2ccc(CCc(cc3)c(C)cc3-c3cc(C)c(C)cc3)cc2)cc1 Chemical compound Cc1ccc(*c2ccc(CCc(cc3)c(C)cc3-c3cc(C)c(C)cc3)cc2)cc1 0.000 description 3
- MOPVHDJCCKCSID-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(c1cc(C)c(C)c(C)c1)c1cc(C)c(C)c(C)c1 Chemical compound CC(C)(c1cc(C)c(C)c(C)c1)c1cc(C)c(C)c(C)c1 MOPVHDJCCKCSID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQDKLRDTPXELAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1cc(-c2cc(C)c(C)c(C)c2)cc(C)c1C Chemical compound Cc1cc(-c2cc(C)c(C)c(C)c2)cc(C)c1C JQDKLRDTPXELAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(c1c2cccc1)OC2=O Chemical compound O=C(c1c2cccc1)OC2=O LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
- C07D209/44—Iso-indoles; Hydrogenated iso-indoles
- C07D209/48—Iso-indoles; Hydrogenated iso-indoles with oxygen atoms in positions 1 and 3, e.g. phthalimide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1003—Preparatory processes
- C08G73/1007—Preparatory processes from tetracarboxylic acids or derivatives and diamines
- C08G73/1028—Preparatory processes from tetracarboxylic acids or derivatives and diamines characterised by the process itself, e.g. steps, continuous
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1039—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors comprising halogen-containing substituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1046—Polyimides containing oxygen in the form of ether bonds in the main chain
- C08G73/1053—Polyimides containing oxygen in the form of ether bonds in the main chain with oxygen only in the tetracarboxylic moiety
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1067—Wholly aromatic polyimides, i.e. having both tetracarboxylic and diamino moieties aromatically bound
- C08G73/1071—Wholly aromatic polyimides containing oxygen in the form of ether bonds in the main chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G79/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon with or without the latter elements in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G79/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon with or without the latter elements in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing boron
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a method for the manufacture of reactive intermediates for the manufacture of polyetherimides.
- One method for the manufacture of polyetherimides is known as the "displacement polymerization" process.
- Synthesis of polyetherimides via the displacement polymerization process includes imidization as described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 6,235,866, to produce a reactive bisphthalimide intermediate substituted with a leaving group; synthesis of a salt of a dihydroxy aromatic compound, as described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 4,520,204; and polymerization by reacting the substituted bisphthalimide and the salt, as described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 6,265,521.
- imidization generally proceeds by reaction of 2 moles of a phthalic anhydride substituted with a leaving group with 1 mole of diamine in a reaction solvent, such as o- dichlorobenzene (oDCB).
- a reaction solvent such as o- dichlorobenzene (oDCB).
- the reactive bisphthalimide intermediate is obtained as a slurry in the reaction solvent, which can be used directly in polymerization.
- the thixo tropic nature of the bisphthalimide slurry causes adhesion to reactor walls and other internal equipment, such as stir shafts, stir blades, and baffles. This can lead to high levels of the reactive bisphthalimide intermediate contaminating the final polyetherimide product. It can further lead to other processing problems, such as difficulty in achieving thorough mixing and difficulty in sampling the reaction product. Further, the rate of polymerization is dependent on the dissolution rate of the
- a method for producing a reactive intermediate composition including: reacting a substituted phthalic anhydride of the formula
- X comprises a halogen or a nitro group
- R comprises a C 6 -20 aromatic hydrocarbon group or a halogenated derivative thereof, a straight or branched chain C2- 20 alkylene or a halogenated derivative thereof, or a C3-8 cycloalkylene or a halogenated derivative thereof.
- a method of producing a polyetherimide comprises reacting the above-described reactive polyetherimide intermediate composition.
- the Figure is a graph of the molecular weight build in Example 1, as measured by gel permeation chromatography, versus time.
- the inventors hereof have unexpectedly found that the presence of specific amounts of an aromatic dianhydride during imidization in the displacement polymerization process produces certain reactive polyetherimide intermediates that are more soluble in the reaction solvent.
- the components of the intermediate composition accordingly do not adhere to the reactor tank or its internal components, and are easier to mix and sample. In addition, the rate of subsequent polymerization is improved.
- the amount of the aromatic dianhydride is from 10 to 50 mole percent (mol%), based on the total moles of anhydride functionality in the imidization reaction.
- the aromatic anhydride can be selected to correspond to the structure of the salt of a dihydroxy aromatic compound incorporated into the polyetherimide product.
- the aromatic dianhydride is accordingly incorporated into the product polyetherimide, instead of requiring subsequent removal from the intermediate or polyetherimide compositions.
- the imidization proceeds by reacting (condensing) a substituted phthalic anhydride and a diamine in an aprotic solvent, in the presence of an aromatic dianhydride.
- the substituted phthalic anhydride is of formula (1) wherein X is a halogen, preferably bromine or chlorine, or a nitro group. In an embodiment, X is chlorine.
- 4-chlorophthalic anhydride (4-C1PA) of formula (la), 3- chlorophthalic anhydride (3-ClPA) of formula (lb) or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing are used.
- the substituted phthalic anhydride is a combination of 4-C1PA and 3-ClPA that includes 2 to 50%, preferably 10 to 50%, more preferably 25 to 50% of 3-ClPA.
- the diamine is of the formula (2)
- R is substituted or unsubstituted divalent organic group, such as a C 6 -20 aromatic hydrocarbon group or a halogenated derivative thereof, a straight or branched chain C2-20 alkylene group or a halogenated derivative thereof, a C3-8 cycloalkylene group or halogenated derivative thereof.
- R is a divalent group of one or more of the following formulas (3)
- R is m-phenylene, p-phenylene, or a diaryl sulfone, in particular bis(4,4'-phenylene)sulfone, bis(3,4'-phenylene)sulfone, bis(3,3'- phenylene)sulfone, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
- the diamines include 1,4-butane diamine, 1,5-pentanediamine, 1,6- hexanediamine, 1,7-heptanediamine, 1,8-octanediamine, 1,9-nonanediamine, 1,10- decanediamine, 1,12-dodecanediamine, 1,18-octadecanediamine, 3- methylheptamethylenediamine, 4,4-dimethylheptamethylenediamine, 4- methylnonamethylenediamine, 5-methylnonamethylenediamine, 2,5- dimethylhexamethylenediamine, 2,5-dimethylheptamethylenediamine, 2, 2- dimethylpropylenediamine, N-methyl-bis (3-aminopropyl) amine, 3- methoxyhexamethylenediamine, l
- Ci- 4 alkylated or poly(Ci- 4 )alkylated derivatives of any of the foregoing can be used, for example a polymethylated 1,6- hexanediamine. Combinations of these compounds can also be used.
- the organic diamine is m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,3'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing
- Ar is a tetravalent C 6 -36 hydrocarbon comprising at least one aromatic group, in particular a C6 aromatic group.
- aromatic hydrocarbon groups include those of the formulas (5) or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing formulas, wherein W is a single bond, -0-, -S-, -C(O)-, -SO2-, -SO-, a Ci-12 hydrocarbon moiety that can be cyclic, acyclic, aromatic, or non-aromatic, or -0-Z-O- wherein Z is a Ci-12 hydrocarbon moiety that can be cyclic, acyclic, aromatic, or non-aromatic.
- the Ci-12 hydrocarbon moiety can be disposed such that the C 6 arylene groups or oxygens connected thereto are each connected to a common alkylidene carbon or to different carbons of the C MS hydrocarbon moiety.
- Z is a Ci-s aliphatic group or a C 6 -i2 aromatic group preferably a C3-12 alkylidene or C 4 -i2 cycloalkylidene having a ring size of 4 to 6 carbon atoms. Any of the phenyl rings in the moieties of formulas (5) can be substituted with 0 to 4 halogen atoms or monovalent Ci-6 alkyl groups, for example methyl.
- W is a single bond, -0-, -S(O)-, -S(0)2-, -C(O)-, phenylene, or -O- Z l -0- wherein Z 1 is a grou of formula (6)
- R a and R b are each independently the same or different, and are a halogen atom or a monovalent Ci-6 alkyl group, for example; p and q are each independently integers of 0 to 4; c is 0 to 4; and X a is a bridging group connecting the hydroxy-substituted aromatic groups, where the bridging group and the hydroxy substituent of each C 6 arylene group are disposed ortho, meta, or para (0-, m-, or p-) to each other on the C 6 arylene group.
- the bridging group and the hydroxyl substituent of each C 6 arylene group are disposed in a para configuration.
- the bridging group X a can be a single bond, -0-, -S-, -S(O)-, -S(0)2-, -C(O)-, or a Ci-12 organic bridging group.
- the Ci-12 organic bridging group can be cyclic or acyclic, aromatic or non-aromatic, and can further comprise heteroatoms such as halogens, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, silicon, or phosphorous.
- the Ci-12 organic group can be disposed such that the Ce arylene groups connected thereto are each connected to a common alkylidene carbon or to different carbons of the Ci-is organic bridging group.
- a specific example of a group Z 1 is a divalent group of formula (6a)
- Q is -0-, -S-, -C(O)-, -SO2-, -SO-, or -C y H2 y - wherein y is an integer from 1 to 5 or a halogenated derivative thereof (including a perfluoroalkylene group).
- Q in formula (6) is 2,2-isopropylidene.
- aromatic dianhydrides examples include 4,4'-bisphenol A dianhydride (also known as BPADA and 2,2-bis[4-(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl]propane dianhydride (CAS Registry No.
- the aromatic dianhydride is 4,4'-bisphenol A dianhydride, 4,4'- oxydiphthalic anhydride, pyromellitic dianhydride, hydroquinone diphthalic anhydride, 3,3',4,4'- diphenylsulfone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, diphenylsulfone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, or a
- the aromatic dianhydride is bisphenol A dianhydride, oxydiphthalic dianhydride, pyromelletic dianhydride, biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing anhydrides.
- the aromatic dianhydride is present in an amount of 10 to 50 mole percent, based on the total moles of anhydride functionality (i.e., the total moles of anhydride from the substituted phthalic anhydride and the aromatic dianhydride), 10 to 35 mole percent, based on the total moles of the anhydride functionality, 10 to 20 mole percent, based on the total moles of the anhydride functionality, or 20 to 30 mole percent, based on of the total moles of the anhydride functionality.
- the aromatic dianhydride is present in lower amounts (e.g., less than 10 mole percent, based on the total moles of anhydride functionality), the bisphthalimide intermediates are not sufficiently soluble.
- the imidization can be conducted under conditions known to be effective to produce the bisphthalimide. Such conditions are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 4,520,204; U.S. Patent No. 5,229,482; U.S. Patent No. 6,235,866 and U.S. Patent No. 6,265,521.
- a chain terminating agent can be present in the reaction mixture, in particular a monofunctional compound that can react with an amine or anhydride.
- exemplary compounds that are amine -reactive include monofunctional aromatic anhydrides such as phthalic anhydride, an aliphatic monoanhydride such as maleic anhydride, or monofunctional aldehydes, ketones, esters, or isocyanates.
- a monofunctional bisphthalimide can also be added before or during imidization. The amount of monofunctional reactant that can be added depends on the desired amount of chain terminating agent.
- the amount of monofunctional reactant present in the reaction can be more than 0 to 10 mole percent (mol%), or 0.1 to 10 mol%, or 0.1 to 6 mol%, based on the total moles of chain terminating agent and substituted phthalic anhydride.
- the reaction is generally conducted in a relatively apolar, aprotic solvent, preferably with a boiling point above 100°C, specifically above 150°C, such as o- dichlorobenzene (oDCB), dichlorotoluene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, diphenyl sulfone, sulfolane, or a monoalkoxybenzene such as anisole, veratrole, diphenylether, or phenetole.
- oDCB o- dichlorobenzene
- one or more of the other solvents can optionally be present with the oDCB, provided that the solvent(s) do not substantially adversely affect the desired solubilities and bisphthalimide intermediate yield.
- phase transfer catalysts for polymerization include guanidinium salts such as hexa(Ci-8alkyl)guanidinium and a,ro-bis(penta(Ci-8alkyl)guanidinium)alkane salts.
- the counterion can be a halide, for example chloride.
- Imidization is generally conducted at elevated temperature, for example at least 110°C, or 150°C to 275°C, preferably 150°C to 240°C, more preferably 175°C to 225°C. At temperatures below 110°C, reaction rates may be too slow for economical operation.
- Atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressures can be used.
- the reaction can be conducted at a pressure of up to 45 pounds per square inch (gauge)(psig) (up to 310.3
- Water removal from the system during imidization can be accomplished in batch, semi-continuous, or continuous processes using means known in the art such as a distillation column in conjunction with one or more reactors.
- a mixture of water and non-polar solvent is distilled from a reactor and then is sent to a distillation column where water is taken off overhead and solvent is recycled back into the reactor at a rate to maintain or increase the desired solids concentration.
- Other methods for water removal include passing the condensed distillate through a drying bed for chemical or physical adsorption of water.
- a molar ratio of total anhydride groups (from both the substituted phthalic anhydride (1) and dianhydride (4)) to diamine (2) of 1.98: 1 to 2.2: 1, preferably 2.1: 1 to 2: 1, or 2: 1.
- a slight excess of anhydride groups can be used to improve the color of the final product.
- a proper stoichiometric balance between the anhydride groups and diamine (8) is further maintained to prevent undesirable by-products that can limit the molecular weight of the polymer, and/or result in polymers with amine end groups.
- imidization proceeds by adding diamine (2) to a combination of the substituted phthalic anhydride (1), the dianhydride (3), and solvent to form a reaction mixture having a targeted initial molar ratio of anhydride groups to diamine; heating the reaction mixture to a temperature of at least 100°C (optionally in the presence of an imidization catalyst); analyzing the molar ratio of the heated reaction mixture to determine the actual initial molar ratio of anhydride groups to diamine; and, if necessary, adding substituted phthalic anhydride (1), dianhydride (4), or diamine (2) to the analyzed reaction mixture to adjust the molar ratio of anhydride groups to diamine to 1.98: 1 to 2.2: 1, preferably 2: 1 to 2.1: 1.
- the reactive intermediates can include a bisphthalimide of formula (7)
- the reactive intermediates can further include a polyphthalimide of formula (8)
- R, Ar, and X are as defined in formulas (1), (2), and (4), and n is an integer greater than 1, for example 2 to 200, or 2 to 100, or 5 to 50.
- n depends at least in part on reaction conditions and the amount of the aromatic dianhydride present during polymerization.
- the imidization produces 15 to 35 wt%, or 15 to 30 wt% total polyphthalimide, based on the total weight of the components (including solvent), also referred to herein as the reaction mass.
- the foregoing conditions can produce an end reactive intermediate composition wherein the reactive intermediates (7) and (8) are at least 80%, at least 90%, or at least 95% soluble on a weight basis in the reaction solvent at 180°C at a range of 15 to 40 wt% solids, 20 to 40 wt% solids, 25 to 40 wt% solids, 30 to 40 wt% solids, or 25 to 35 wt% solids.
- the as-produced reactive intermediate composition is easy to stir, with no or substantially no sticking of material to the sides of the vessel or the stir shaft.
- the as-produced reactive intermediate composition can be allowed to cool to room temperature to provide a thicker slurry. Reheating the cooled reactive intermediate composition (e.g., to 180°C) may not fully re- dissolve the reactive intermediates to the same extent as the as-produced composition.
- the slurry has a lower viscosity than a comparable reactive intermediate composition obtained by the same reaction conducted under the same conditions except in the absence the aromatic dianhydride (i.e., where the moles of anhydride groups supplied by the aromatic dianhydride have been replaced by equivalent moles of substituted phthalic anhydride (1)).
- reaction of 4-ClPA (la) with m- phenylene diamine, preferably in oDCB, in the presence of BPADA wherein BPADA provided 10 mol% of the anhydride groups provides an on-stoichiometry reactive intermediate composition that includes a bischloro-terminated combination of reactive intermediates, in particular a combination comprising a bisphthalimide of formula (9) and a polyphthalimide of formul
- compositions including but not limited to residual substituted phthalic anhydride of formula (1) (e.g., 3-ClPA), residual chain terminating agent (e.g., phthalic anhydride, a monoamine, or phthalimide), or monoamines resulting from the incomplete reaction of mPD with a substituted phthalic anhydride of formula (1) ( o e. g., phthalimide), or with one molecule of 3- or 4-ClPA).
- residual substituted phthalic anhydride of formula (1) e.g., 3-ClPA
- residual chain terminating agent e.g., phthalic anhydride, a monoamine, or phthalimide
- monoamines resulting from the incomplete reaction of mPD with a substituted phthalic anhydride of formula (1) ( o e. g., phthalimide), or with one molecule of 3- or 4-ClPA).
- the combination of bisphthalimide intermediates was nearly soluble in oDCB at 180°C at 17 w
- the reactive intermediate composition can be used in the manufacture of polyetherimides by reaction with an alkali metal salt of a dihydroxy aromatic compound.
- the group X of the reactive intermediates is displaced by reaction with an alkali metal salt is of formula (11)
- each M is independently an alkali metal, for example lithium, sodium, potassium, or cesium.
- each M 1 is potassium or sodium, preferably sodium, and Z 1 is as defined in formula (6).
- a specific example of a group Z 1 is a divalent group of formula (6a)
- Q is -0-, -S-, -C(O)-, -SO2-, -SO-, or -C y H2 y - wherein y is an integer from 1 to 5 or a halogenated derivative thereof (including a perfluoroalkylene group).
- Q in formula (6) is 2,2-isopropylidene.
- the alkali metal salt (11) can be obtained by reaction of the metal hydroxide or carbonate with an aromatic dihydroxy compound of formula (12)
- R a , R b , X a , and c are as described in formula (6).
- the dihydroxy compound 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (“bisphenol A” or "BPA") can be used.
- a molar ratio of the reactive intermediates to the alkali metal salt (11) can be 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1.
- the polymerization is conducted in the presence of a chain terminating agent.
- the chain terminating agent can be formed during imidization by the addition of a monofunctional compound as described above, or can be added after imidization.
- Such chain terminating agents include a monofunctional bisphthalimide, or an alkali metal salt of a monohydroxy aromatic compound of formula (13)
- M 2 is for example lithium, sodium, potassium, or cesium.
- M 2 is potassium or sodium, preferably sodium.
- Z 2 in formula (13) can be, for example, a group of formula
- the chain terminating agents are useful to control the type of end group in the polymer and to control the molecular weight of the polymer.
- the polymerization can be conducted under conditions known to be effective to produce the polyetherimides. Such conditions are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 6,235,866 and U.S. Patent No. 6,265,521.
- the polymerization can be conducted in a relatively apolar, aprotic solvent with a boiling point above 100°C or above 150°C.
- Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, oDCB, dichlorotoluene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, diphenyl sulfone, sulfolane, or a monoalkoxybenzene such as anisole, veratrole, diphenylether, or phenetole.
- the solvent is oDCB.
- One or more of the other solvents can optionally be present with the oDCB, provided that the solvent(s) do not substantially adversely affect the desired solubilities.
- the polymerization can be conducted in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst that is substantially stable under the reaction conditions used, in particular temperature.
- the phase transfer catalyst can be the same as the catalyst used in imidization, or different.
- Exemplary phase transfer catalysts for polymerization include guanidinium salts such as hexa(Ci-8alkyl)guanidinium and a,ro-bis(penta(Ci-8alkyl)guanidinium)alkane salts.
- the counterion can be nitrite, nitrate, mesylate, tosylate, or a halide, for example chloride.
- An exemplary catalyst is hexaethylguanidinium chloride (HEGC1).
- Polymerization can be conducted at least 110°C, preferably 150°C to 275°C, or 175°C to 225°C. At temperatures below 110°C, reaction rates may be too slow for economical operation. Atmospheric or super- atmospheric pressures can be used, for example, up to 5 atmospheres, to facilitate the use of high temperatures without causing solvent to be lost by evaporation.
- the alkali metal salt (11), optionally a chain terminating agent, and the phase transfer catalyst are added directly to the reactive intermediate composition.
- s+t is 2 or more, or 5 or more, for example 2 to 1000, or 5 to 500, or 10 to 100, and R, Ar, and Z 1 are as defined above in Formulas (2), (4), and (6).
- the structure of the aromatic dianhydride (4) corresponds to the structure of the alkali metal salt of the dihydroxy aromatic compound (12).
- the group Ar in the aromatic dianhydride (4) is of formula (16)
- polyetherimide is of formula (17)
- n is 2 or more, or 5 or more, for example 2 to 1,000, or 5 to 500, or 10 to 100.
- the polymerization produces 15 to 40 wt% polyetherimide, or 17 to 35 wt% polyetherimide. In an embodiment, the polymerization produces 20 to 30 wt% polyetherimide on a solids basis with respect to the total weight of solvent and polymer produced.
- the polyetherimides can have a melt index of 0.1 to 10 grams per minute (g/min), as measured by American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) D1238 at 340 to 370°C, using a 6.7 kilogram (kg) weight.
- the polyetherimides have a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 1,000 to 150,000 grams/mole (Dalton), as measured by gel permeation chromatography, using polystyrene standards.
- the polyetherimide has an Mw of 10,000 to 80,000 Daltons.
- Such polyetherimides typically have an intrinsic viscosity greater than 0.2 deciliters per gram (dl/g), or, more specifically, 0.35 to 0.7 dl/g as measured in m-cresol at 25°C.
- the polyetherimides can have a polydispersity index (PDI) of 2.1 to 2.5, or 2.2 to 2.4, and a PDP of 1.1 to 1.9, or 1.3 to 1.7.
- PDI polydispersity index
- Amounts listed in the Examples are in weight percent (wt.%), based on the total weight of the identified composition.
- the flask was heated to 185°C with the use of an external oil bath.
- Water and oDCB were condensed overhead and removed from the collection arm of the receiver.
- the bulk of the water recovered from the reaction ceased after 1 hour at reflux.
- the moisture concentration in the condensed overheads after two hours was 15 ppm.
- a total of 65 g of oDCB was taken overhead during the reaction time.
- the mixture was refluxed for 3 hours to afford a nearly soluble mixture. No sticking of the bisphthalimide intermediates was observed inside the vessel.
- oDCB was removed by distillation until the % solids of the bisphthalimide intermediates in the vessel was 17 wt.%.
- the nitrogen sweep was adjusted to a minimum to avoid any further concentration of the
- a separate vessel configured as described above except that the mechanical stirrer was exchanged for a magnetic stir bar, was charged with 242.58 g of a 14.54 wt% slurry of bisphenol A disodium salt (35.27 grams, 0.1297 mol) in oDCB and an additional 28.82 g of oDCB under nitrogen.
- the vessel was heated to reflux with the use of an external oil bath and magnetically stirred.
- a total of 25 mL of oDCB was taken overhead. The moisture
- concentration in the condensed overheads after 25 mL had been taken overhead was 16 ppm.
- the oil bath was maintained at 180°C, and was then cannulated with the use of nitrogen pressure into the vessel containing the bischloro oligomeric polyimide over a 12 minute period.
- the flask was then rinsed with 30 mL of dry oDCB, and then this oDCB was cannulated into the polymerization vessel.
- 1.10 g (1.25 wt% with respect to the amount of polymer produced) of dry potassium phosphate, wherein 90% of the particles of KP were ⁇ 70 microns in diameter was added to the reaction mixture.
- the oil bath on the polymerization vessel was held at 200°C.
- the reaction mixture was translucent within 20 minutes, indicating that all the BPA disodium salt had reacted.
- Example 2 [0045] The imidization was repeated as described above for Example 1, except that 20% of the anhydride present was from BPADA. The resulting composition comprising the reactive intermediates was nearly soluble in oDCB at 180°C at 17% solids.
- the agitator speed was set at 300 rpm, and the reactor was heated to 140°C with the use of an oil bath that circulates hot oil through the reactor jacket, and 0.2 mol% of HEGCl was then added to the reactor, followed by slow addition of mPD (37 gr) over 1.5 hours.
- the initial % solids content in the reactor was 17.5%.
- the oil bath was heated to 185°C and a water/oDCB mixture was condensed overhead and removed from the collection arm of the receiver. The mixture was maintained at 180°C and during that time, a mixture of reaction water and oDCB was continuously removed through the Dean Stark receiver. After 6 hours, the moisture concentration in the Dean Stark was ⁇ 50 ppm. Next, 0.8 mol% of additional HEGCl was added to the reactor and the reaction continued for one extra hour. Total duration of the reaction was 7 hours and a final content of 19% solids was achieved.
- the agitator speed was set at 300 rpm, and the oil bath was heated to 140°C with the use of an oil bath that circulates hot oil through the reactor jacket, and 0.2 mol% of HEGCl was then added to the reactor, followed by slow addition of 42 g of mPD during 1.5 hours.
- the initial % solids content in the reactor was 20% and total of 5 mol% of the anhydride functionality present in the flask was in the form of BPADA.
- the oil bath was heated to 185°C and water/oDCB mixture was condensed overhead and removed from the collection arm of the receiver. The mixture was maintained at 180°C and during that time, a mixture of reaction water and oDCB was continuously removed through the Dean Stark receiver. After 6 hours, the moisture
- Example 9 The same imidization reaction procedure as described for Example 5 was followed, but increasing the batch size, with a charge 173.42 g of 4-ClPA, 110 g of BPADA, 750 g of oDCB and 74 g of mPD.
- the initial % solids content in the reactor was 30% and total of 30 mol% of the anhydride functionality present in the flask was in the form of BPADA. After 7 hours, the reaction was completed and a final content of 34% solids was achieved.
- the reactor was heated in an oil bath to 185°C with the use of an oil bath that circulates hot oil through the reactor jacket. Water and oDCB were condensed overhead and removed from the collection arm of the receiver.
- a compensated addition funnel was charged with 306 g of a BPA disodium salt/oDCB slurry containing 67.32 g of pure BPA disodium salt on a dry basis, and then was attached to one of the reactor necks and the content discharged to the reactor under nitrogen. The discharge operation was completed in about 30 minutes.
- the reactor was maintained at reflux and the polymerization was allowed to proceed until the reaction reached a Mw plateau of 55,571 Da.
- the polymerization was then quenched with H 3 P0 4 (2.35 g of 85% H 3 P0 4 ) at 160°C for 1 hour.
- the final Mw of the polymer was 54,477 Da with a Tg of 224.1 °C.
- the polymerization was then quenched with H 3 P0 4 (2.37 g of 85% H 3 P0 4 ) at 160°C for 1 hour.
- the final Mw of the polymer was 54,105 Da with a Tg of 222.47 °C.
- the polymerization was then quenched with H P0 4 (2.33 g of 85% H P0 4 ) at 160°C for 1 hour.
- the final Mw of the polymer was 54,223 Da with a Tg of 222.05 °C.
- the reactor was heated to 185°C with the use of an oil bath that circulates hot oil through the reactor jacket.
- a compensated addition funnel was charged with 365.6 g of a BPA disodium salt/oDCB slurry containing 85.5 g of BPA disodium salt on a dry basis, and then was attached to one of the reactor necks and the contents discharged to the reactor under nitrogen. The discharge operation required about 30 minutes to complete.
- the reactor was kept at reflux and the polymerization was allowed to proceed until the reaction reached a Mw plateau at 50831 Da.
- the polymerization was then quenched with H 3 P0 4 (2.2 ml of 85% H 3 P0 4 ) at 160°C for 1 hour.
- 654 g of veratrole were charged to the reactor to keep the polymer in the solution, with a final solvent ratio of 40:60 (veratrole : oDCB) at 20% polymer solids content.
- the polymerization was then quenched with H 3 P0 4 (1.3 ml of 85% H 3 P0 4 ) at 160°C for 1 hour. Then, 380 g of veratrole was charged to the reactor to keep the polymer in the solution, with a final solvent ratio of 40:60 (veratrole : oDCB) at 20% polymer solids content. The final Mw of the polymer was 51,225 Da with a Tg of 271.6 °C.
- Aspect 1 A method for producing a reactive intermediate composition
- a substituted phthalic anhydride of the formula with a diamine of the formula H2N-R-NH2 in the presence of an aromatic dianhydride in an amount of 10 to 50 mole percent based on the total moles of anhydride functionality in the reaction; wherein the reacting is conducted in an aprotic solvent in a reactor, under conditions effective to produce the reactive intermediate composition; and wherein X comprises a halogen or a nitro group, and R comprises a C 6 -20 aromatic hydrocarbon group or a halogenated derivative thereof, a straight or branched chain C2-20 alkylene or a halogenated derivative thereof, or a C3-8 cycloalkylene or a halogenated derivative thereof.
- Aspect 2 The method of Aspect 1, wherein the aprotic solvent comprises o- dichlorobenzene, dichlorotoluene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, diphenyl sulfone, sulfolane, anisole, veratrole, diphenylether, phenetole, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing aprotic solvents, or preferably wherein the aprotic solvent comprises o-dichlorobenzene.
- the aprotic solvent comprises o- dichlorobenzene, dichlorotoluene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, diphenyl sulfone, sulfolane, anisole, veratrole, diphenylether, phenetole, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing aprotic solvents, or preferably wherein the aprotic solvent comprises o-dichlorobenzene.
- Aspect 3 The method of Aspect 1 or Aspect 2, wherein a molar ratio of total anhydride groups to diamine is 1.98: 1 to 2.2: 1, preferably 2: 1 to 2.1: 1.
- Aspect 4 The method of any one or more of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the reacting is in the presence of a phase-transfer catalyst; in the presence of an monoanhydride, monoamine, or monopthalimide chain terminating agent; at a temperature of at least 110°C, or 150°C to 275°C, preferably 175°C to 225°C; and under a pressure of up to 45 pounds per square inch (gauge) (up to 310 kilopascal), or 1 to 10 psig (6.89 to 68.9 kilopascal), preferably 3 to 7 psig (20.7 to 48.3 kilopascal).
- gauge pounds per square inch
- Aspect 5 The method of any one or more of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein the components of the intermediate composition adhere to a wall of the reactor less than in the components of an intermediate composition obtained by the same reaction conducted under the same conditions except in the absence the aromatic dianhydrides resulting in less residual monomers in the final polymer and a faster polymerization reaction time, and at a higher wt.% solids content allowing for more throughput in a manufacturing facility.
- Aspect 6 The method of any one or more of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein a solubility of the components of the intermediate reaction composition at 180°C is greater than a solubility of the components of an intermediate composition at 180°C that is obtained by the same reaction conducted under the same conditions except without the aromatic dianhydride.
- Aspect 7 The method of any one or more of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein a weight percent of solids for the intermediate reaction composition at 180°C is greater than a weight percent of solids for an intermediate composition at 180°C that is obtained by the same reaction conducted under the same conditions except without the aromatic dianhydride.
- Aspect 8 The method of any one or more of Aspects 1 to 7, wherein the amount of the aromatic dianhydride is from 10 to 35 mole percent, based on the total moles of anhydride functionality, preferably wherein the amount of the aromatic dianhydride is from 20 to 30 mole percent, based on of the total moles of the anhydride functionality.
- Aspect 9 The method of any one or more of Aspects 1 to 8, wherein the aromatic dianhydride is of the formula
- Ar is a tetravalent C 6 -36 hydrocarbon comprising at least one aromatic group, preferably wherein Ar is a group of the formula
- W is a single bond, -0-, -S-, -C(O)-, -SO2-, -SO-, a Ci-is hydrocarbon, or -0-Z-O- wherein Z is a Ci-12 hydrocarbon, preferably wherein W is a single bond, -0-, -S(O)-, -S(0) 2 -, - C(O)-, phenylene, -OC6H 4 0-, or -0-Z-O- wherein Z is a C3-12 alkylidene or C 4 -i 2
- cycloalkylidene having a ring size of 4 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Aspect 10 The method of Aspect 9, wherein the aromatic dianhydride is 4,4'- bisphenol A dianhydride, 3,4'-bisphenol A dianhydride, 3,3'-bisphenol A dianhydride, 2,2- bis[4-(2,3-dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl]propane dianhydride, 2,2-bis[4-(3,4- dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl]butane dianhydride, 4,4'-oxydiphthalic anhydride, 1,1,1,3,3,3- hexafluoro-2,2-bis[4-(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl]propane dianhydride, 4,4'- (hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride, pyromellitic dianhydride, hydroquinone diphthalic anhydride, 3,3',4,4'-diphenylsulfone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3 ',
- Aspect 11 The method of any one or more of Aspects 1 to 10, wherein the reactive polyetherimide intermediate is present in an amount of 15 to 35 weight percent solids based on a total weight of the reaction mass; preferably wherein the reactive polyetherimide intermediate is present in an amount of 20 to 30 weight percent solids, based on a total weight of the reaction components.
- Aspect 12 The method of any one or more of Aspects 1 to 11, wherein X comprises a halogen; and R is a divalent group of formulas (3) wherein Q 1 is -0-,
- R a is a Ci- 8 alkyl or C 6 -i2 aryl, -C y H 2y - wherein y is an integer from 1 to 5 or a halogenated derivative thereof, or -(C 6 H 1 o)z- wherein z is 1 to 4.
- Aspect 13 The method of any one or more of Aspects 1 to 12, wherein R is m- phenylene, p-phenylene, bis(4,4'-phenylene)sulfone, bis(3,4'-phenylene)sulfone, bis(3,3'- phenylene)sulfone, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
- Aspect 14 The method of any one or more of Aspects 1 to 13, wherein the substituted phthalic anhydride comprises 4-chlorophthalic anhydride; the diamine is m- phenylene diamine, p-phenylene diamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,3'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; and the aromatic dianhydride is bisphenol A dianhydride.
- Aspect 15 The method of any one or more of Aspects 1 to 13, wherein the substituted phthalic anhydride comprises 3-chlorophthalic anhydride; the diamine is m- phenylene diamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; and the aromatic dianhydride is bisphenol A dianhydride.
- Aspect 16 A method for manufacturing a polyetherimide, comprising reacting the reactive intermediate composition obtained by the method of any one or more of Aspects 1 to 15 with an alkali metal salt of a dihydroxy aromatic compound in a polymerization mixture comprising an aprotic solvent and a phase transfer catalyst, under conditions effective to produce the polyetherimide.
- Aspect 17 The method of Aspect 16, wherein the polymerization mixture further comprises an alkali metal salt of a monohydroxy aromatic compound.
- Aspect 17 The method of Aspect 16 or 17, wherein the polyetherimide is present in an amount of 15 to 40 weight percent solids, based on a total weight of the
- polyetherimide is present in an amount of 17 to 35 weight percent solids based on the total weight of the polymerization mixture.
- compositions, methods, and articles can alternatively comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of, any appropriate components or steps herein disclosed.
- the compositions, methods, and articles can additionally, or alternatively, be formulated so as to be devoid, or substantially free, of any components, materials, ingredients, adjuvants or species used in the prior art compositions or that are otherwise not necessary to the achievement of the function and/or objectives of the present claims.
- alkyl includes branched or straight chain, unsaturated aliphatic Ci-30 hydrocarbon groups e.g., methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, s- pentyl, n- and s-hexyl, n-and s-heptyl, and, n- and s-octyl.
- Alkoxy means an alkyl group that is linked via an oxygen (i.e., alkyl-O-), for example methoxy, ethoxy, and sec-butyloxy groups.
- Alkylene means a straight or branched chain, saturated, divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group (e.g., methylene (-CH 2 -) or, propylene (-(CH 2 ) 3 -)).
- Cycloalkylene means a divalent cyclic alkylene group, -C n H 2n - x , wherein x is the number of hydrogens replaced by cyclization(s).
- Cycloalkenyl means a monovalent group having one or more rings and one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the ring, wherein all ring members are carbon (e.g., cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl).
- Aryl means an aromatic hydrocarbon group containing the specified number of carbon atoms, such as phenyl, tropone, indanyl, or naphthyl.
- halo means a group or compound including one more of a fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo substituent. A combination of different halo groups (e.g., bromo and fluoro), or only chloro groups can be present.
- hetero means that the compound or group includes at least one ring member that is a heteroatom (e.g., 1, 2, or 3 heteroatom(s)), wherein the heteroatom(s) is each independently N, O, S, or P.
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Abstract
L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'une composition intermédiaire réactive, comprenant : la réaction d'un anhydride phtalique substitué de formule (I) avec une diamine de formule H2N-R-NH2 en présence d'un dianhydride aromatique en une quantité de 10 à 50 pour cent en moles sur la base des moles totales de fonctionnalité anhydride dans la réaction ; la réaction étant conduite dans un solvant aprotique dans un réacteur, dans des conditions efficaces pour produire la composition intermédiaire réactive ; X comprenant un halogène ou un groupe nitro, et R comprenant un groupe hydrocarboné aromatique en C6-36 ou un dérivé halogéné de celui-ci, un alkylène en C2-20 à chaîne droite ou ramifiée ou un dérivé halogéné de celui-ci, ou un cycloalkylène en C3-8 ou un dérivé halogéné de celui-ci.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019535853A JP2020503418A (ja) | 2016-12-31 | 2017-12-29 | ポリエーテルイミドの反応性中間体合成、およびその使用 |
| CN201780081608.3A CN110121496B (zh) | 2016-12-31 | 2017-12-29 | 用于聚醚酰亚胺的反应性中间体的合成及其用途 |
| EP17830098.4A EP3562805A1 (fr) | 2016-12-31 | 2017-12-29 | Synthèse d'intermédiaires réactifs pour polyétherimides et leurs utilisations |
| US16/474,256 US11220480B2 (en) | 2016-12-31 | 2017-12-29 | Synthesis of reactive intermediates for polyetherimides, and uses thereof |
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| EP16382680.3 | 2016-12-31 | ||
| EP16382680 | 2016-12-31 |
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| WO2018126105A1 true WO2018126105A1 (fr) | 2018-07-05 |
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| US (1) | US11220480B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3562805A1 (fr) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110121496A (zh) | 2019-08-13 |
| JP2020503418A (ja) | 2020-01-30 |
| CN110121496B (zh) | 2022-07-12 |
| US20190315690A1 (en) | 2019-10-17 |
| US11220480B2 (en) | 2022-01-11 |
| EP3562805A1 (fr) | 2019-11-06 |
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