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WO2018119203A1 - Échangeur de chaleur pour armoire d'équipement - Google Patents

Échangeur de chaleur pour armoire d'équipement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018119203A1
WO2018119203A1 PCT/US2017/067846 US2017067846W WO2018119203A1 WO 2018119203 A1 WO2018119203 A1 WO 2018119203A1 US 2017067846 W US2017067846 W US 2017067846W WO 2018119203 A1 WO2018119203 A1 WO 2018119203A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
air
water
water deflector
cabinet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2017/067846
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Greg DUGGAN
Kristen KNIGHT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voltaire Systems LLC
Original Assignee
Voltaire Systems LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voltaire Systems LLC filed Critical Voltaire Systems LLC
Publication of WO2018119203A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018119203A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/01—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using means for separating solid materials from heat-exchange fluids, e.g. filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
    • F24F1/56—Casing or covers of separate outdoor units, e.g. fan guards
    • F24F1/58—Separate protective covers for outdoor units, e.g. solar guards, snow shields or camouflage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/082—Grilles, registers or guards
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/20—Cooling means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/02—Details
    • H05K5/0213—Venting apertures; Constructional details thereof
    • H05K5/0214—Venting apertures; Constructional details thereof with means preventing penetration of rain water or dust
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20009—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a gaseous coolant in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20136—Forced ventilation, e.g. by fans
    • H05K7/20181—Filters; Louvers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20009—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a gaseous coolant in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/202—Air circulating in closed loop within enclosure wherein heat is removed through heat-exchangers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the field of heat exchangers and, more particularly, the invention relates to the field of heat exchangers integrated into housings for electrical, data, and telecommunication equipment.
  • a heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between one or more fluids. Heat exchangers maybe employed for many different reasons including to transfer heat away from moving parts, electrical components and other systems, which generate an undesirable amount of heat. In one such application, it is desirable to transfer heat from industrial equipment such as a housing or a cabinet, which may contain electrical, data, telecommunication equipment, and the like.
  • the electrical equipment (herein referred to as "equipment”) may be electrical controls, telecommunication systems, power switching and circuits, data systems or other sensitive electronics requiring that temperatures be maintained.
  • Air-to-air heat exchangers are utilized in the telecommunications, industrial and other electronics industries (herein referred to as "industry") to provide heat removal from equipment and/or removal of heat from cabinet/structure containing equipment generating heat.
  • heat exchangers are used for heat removal applications where the temperature inside the equipment or inside a cabinet or structure containing electrical equipment is permitted to be higher than the outdoor temperature but some heat removal is required to maintain acceptable temperatures.
  • a common application may allow indoor (within the equipment and/or within a cabinet/structure containing the equipment) temperatures to be up to 131 F.
  • the design outdoor temperature is generally 90 to 115 F, which results in a cooler temperature exterior to the equipment or cabinet/structure containing the equipment relative to the permitted indoor temperature.
  • This temperature differential between the indoor and outdoor allows heat transfer from the indoor to outdoor as heat moves from areas of high temperature to low temperature through convection. With air-to-air heat exchangers, this heat transfer occurs via indoor and outdoor airflow passing through a common heat exchanger core within separate chambers of the core.
  • Such a typical prior art heat exchanger may have an inlet and an outlet which allows the air to circulate.
  • the prior art heat exchanger may have a cover and/or a security/safety grille covering the inlet and the outlet.
  • moisture and other contaminates make their way into the cabinet via the heat exchanger.
  • Complete separation of the indoor and outdoor airflow path with no mixing of outdoor air and indoor air is necessary to comply with various electronics operating environmental standards to ensure equipment is not damaged. Therefore, great care must be utilized in the design, manufacturing and maintenance of heat exchangers to ensure that contaminants, including water and dust, are not transferred from the heat exchangers outdoor airflow path to the heat exchangers indoor airflow path.
  • the method of construction of the heat exchanger core is of paramount concern.
  • manufacturers rely completely upon sealants in order to ensure that all sheet metal -to-core joints and fasteners are well sealed to prevent air and water intrusion from the outdoor airflow path to indoor airflow path. If these sealant barriers are not effective, air and water may enter the sensitive equipment or cabinet/structure containing the equipment thus potentially damaging the electronics.
  • Many times the physical design constraints of the heat exchanger and/or cost considerations require that the openings be on the heat exchangers such that they not only allow air to freely enter the outdoor airflow path, but also water. When these openings are located above the heat exchanger core, the water may enter the opening on the heat exchanger cover and through an improperly sealed or maintained joint. As a result, water may infiltrate via gravity into the indoor airflow path and into the equipment or cabinet.
  • the electrical and telecommunication industries require the application of heat exchangers on electrical equipment or cabinet/structure in particular environments, particularly outdoor and high moisture environments, and the industry has long struggled with water intrusion into the equipment or cabinet.
  • the present invention specifically the water deflector and associated gap (discussed further below), results in a significant reduction of water entering into the heat exchanger's outdoor airflow path.
  • the present design provides a great benefit for applications where the openings are located above the heat exchanger core and where other design or cost constraints prevent a design that would otherwise prevent a direct path of water into the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger prevents water from entering the cabinet when water is discharged, over a period of one hour, from a set of three nozzles at five psi located approximately fifty-six inches from the cover of the heat exchanger.
  • the water deflector further comprises a frame having a plurality of expanded mesh layers.
  • the plurality of expanded mesh layers equals four mesh layers and wherein two of the four mesh layers are corrugated in opposing direction.
  • the mesh layers are made of aluminum.
  • the water deflector includes a drain hole.
  • the cover includes a drain hole.
  • the water deflector is located on an upper opening of an upper portion of the heat exchanger.
  • a lower opening of the heat exchanger is characterized by a lack of any water deflector.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a prior art heat exchanger attached to an equipment cabinet
  • Fig. 2 is an isometric view of a prior art heat exchanger
  • Fig. 2A is a partial view of the prior art outdoor air outlet of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the prior art heat exchanger
  • Fig. 4 is a side view of the prior art heat exchanger
  • Fig. 5 is an isometric view of the heat exchanger according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is an exploded view of the heat exchanger according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a side view of the heat exchanger according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is an exploded view of the water deflector of the heat exchanger according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a side view of the water deflector of the heat exchanger according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a front view of the water deflector of the heat exchanger according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a bottom view of the water deflector of the heat exchanger according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is drawing of water deflector test procedure.
  • Figures 1, 2, 2 A, 3 and 4 illustrate a typical prior art heat exchanger that allows moisture, including rain, as well as other contaminates to enter the equipment cabinet.
  • Figure 1 reflects a typical prior art application of an air-to-air heat exchanger mounted on an electronics or telecommunication cabinet.
  • Air-to-air heat exchangers are primarily the least costly heat exchanger in the industry and are thus used most frequently. Heat removal is accomplished by opposing airflow in two separate airflow paths at a particular temperature differential with these airflow paths crossing in separate chambers perpendicularly (or at various other angles) within a heat exchanger core. Cores may be designed out of various materials; however, they are most commonly aluminum.
  • FIGs 2, 2A, 3, and 4 illustrate the design of typical prior art heat exchangers. Although arrangement and size may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer and/or from capacity to capacity, all require an outdoor air intake opening and an outdoor air exhaust opening location. Without these outdoor openings, the heat exchanger would not function as no air movement would be provided through the outdoor chamber(s) of the heat exchanger core. Although these openings typically include standard grilles that comply with industry standards for safety and/or to prevent vandalism/theft, these grilles have openings that allow both air and water to freely pass with very little restriction. Of course, it is the intent to have air pass through the grille with as little restriction as possible, however, this also provides significant water introduction to the heat exchanger's outdoor airflow path and thus provides an opportunity for water leakage if the unit is not manufactured or maintained properly.
  • the heat exchanger 10 of the present invention is designed to be employed in situations such that water may freely pass and, as such, the construction of the present invention significantly reduces the amount of water permitted to pass into the outdoor airflow path of the heat exchanger. As a result, any leaks that are present due to manufacturing defects and/or inadequate maintenance will be reduced significantly.
  • a water deflector is used to create an indirect air path. This path minimally restricts airflow while greatly reducing water intake.
  • the water deflector 20 is constructed of a frame with four expanded mesh aluminum layers 23, 24, 25, and 26. Two of these sheets, 24 and 25, the middle sheets, are corrugated in opposing direction. As shown, sheet 24 has horizontal waves and sheet 25 has vertical waves. Sheets 24 and 25 may be rotated, but they must be installed with waves perpendicular to one another. Sheets 23 and 26 are aluminum mesh layers. The result is an indirect flow path where water is trapped and knocked down to drain prior to entering the heat exchangers airflow path 30.
  • the heat exchanger 10 incorporates a physical separation 40 (herein referred to as a "gap") between the heat exchanger cover 50 and the front panel 60 of the heat exchanger 10.
  • This gap 40 shown best in Figure 7, allows water deflected by a water deflector 20 to drain down to drain holes 52 rather than be channeled into the heat exchanger.
  • the water deflector 20 includes drains 52 and is installed within an airflow/water channel 30.
  • the water deflected by the water deflector 20 will drain down and through the side of the cover 52 allowing the water to be diverted to the outdoor environment rather than entering the heat exchanger's outdoor airflow path, which flows from outdoor, air inlet 54 to outdoor air outlet 56.
  • the water deflector 20 is only located on the opening 56 on the top, as this opening is above the heat exchanger core and all critical sheet metal and core joints. With the opening higher, any leaks would result in gravity drainage from the outdoor airflow path to the indoor airflow path.
  • the lower opening 54 on the cover 50 as shown in Figures 6 and 7, is below the core and critical joints therefore any leaks at or below this opening are not critical, as water would drain out the bottom of the heat exchanger through other drain holes 57. Therefore, the lower air path is not required to include a separate water deflector.
  • Figure 12 is directed to test conditions to which the present invention meets and/or surpasses.
  • the heat exchanger according to the present invention maybe tested using Underwriters Laboratory ("UL") Type 3R test, UL 50/50E.
  • UL Underwriters Laboratory
  • the Type 3R test consists of water being discharged from three nozzles 70 at 5 psi located approximately 56 inches from the test specimen 10, with the test period being one hour.
  • the heat exchanger according to the present invention was tested as was a prior art heat exchanger such as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
  • a prior art heat exchanger such as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
  • water was captured within bags at the opening of the respective heat exchanger's front panel. The amount of water was weighed and the results were overwhelmingly successful with an approximate 95% reduction in water entering the heat exchanger outdoor airflow path 56 when the present invention is compared to the prior art heat exchanger of Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur pour une armoire d'équipement qui peut comprendre un échangeur de chaleur air-air ayant une entrée d'air extérieur et une sortie d'air extérieur permettant de transférer de la chaleur à partir de l'armoire d'équipement. L'échangeur de chaleur peut comprendre un déflecteur d'eau, fixé à l'échangeur de chaleur air-air, pour protéger l'armoire de l'eau et d'autres contaminants. L'échangeur de chaleur peut comprendre un espace défini par la distance entre le déflecteur d'eau et l'échangeur de chaleur air-air. L'échangeur de chaleur peut comprendre un couvercle permettant de recouvrir le déflecteur d'eau et l'échangeur de chaleur air-air.
PCT/US2017/067846 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 Échangeur de chaleur pour armoire d'équipement Ceased WO2018119203A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201662437731P 2016-12-22 2016-12-22
US62/437,731 2016-12-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018119203A1 true WO2018119203A1 (fr) 2018-06-28

Family

ID=62627561

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2017/067846 Ceased WO2018119203A1 (fr) 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 Échangeur de chaleur pour armoire d'équipement

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2018119203A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006045367A1 (fr) * 2004-10-25 2006-05-04 Knürr AG Armoire d'instruments et de reseau
US20090154098A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-06-18 Juniper Networks, Inc. Single fan tray in a midplane architecture
CN101516172A (zh) * 2008-02-19 2009-08-26 英业达股份有限公司 具风扇的电子装置
WO2010144772A2 (fr) * 2009-06-12 2010-12-16 Clarcor Air Filtration Products, Inc. Système de refroidissement par air incorporant un filtre sans membrane et/ou un cadre intégré pour filtre
CN102984923A (zh) * 2012-11-20 2013-03-20 华为技术有限公司 一种通信单板及通信设备

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006045367A1 (fr) * 2004-10-25 2006-05-04 Knürr AG Armoire d'instruments et de reseau
US20090154098A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-06-18 Juniper Networks, Inc. Single fan tray in a midplane architecture
CN101516172A (zh) * 2008-02-19 2009-08-26 英业达股份有限公司 具风扇的电子装置
WO2010144772A2 (fr) * 2009-06-12 2010-12-16 Clarcor Air Filtration Products, Inc. Système de refroidissement par air incorporant un filtre sans membrane et/ou un cadre intégré pour filtre
CN102984923A (zh) * 2012-11-20 2013-03-20 华为技术有限公司 一种通信单板及通信设备

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