WO2018107311A1 - Nitrogen-containing stainless bearing steel and preparation method - Google Patents
Nitrogen-containing stainless bearing steel and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018107311A1 WO2018107311A1 PCT/CN2016/109390 CN2016109390W WO2018107311A1 WO 2018107311 A1 WO2018107311 A1 WO 2018107311A1 CN 2016109390 W CN2016109390 W CN 2016109390W WO 2018107311 A1 WO2018107311 A1 WO 2018107311A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of alloy materials, in particular to a nitrogen-containing martensite stainless bearing steel and a preparation method thereof.
- nitrogen can improve the mechanical properties and candle resistance of stainless steel. Nitrogen forms nitrides with other elements in martensitic stainless steel and distributes it on grain boundaries, improving hardenability and preventing high temperature tempering. Growth of the ferrite and ferrite grains; not only can significantly improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of the material, but also replace the expensive nickel to enhance the corrosion resistance of the material. Therefore, nitrogen-containing martensitic stainless steel has become a new choice for high performance bearing steel because of its good strength, hardness and wear resistance, excellent corrosion resistance and fatigue toughness. When martensitic stainless steel is used as a bearing, it strives to adjust the content of each element to the optimum ratio to optimize the economy, performance and process.
- the nitrogen-containing stainless bearing steel of the invention can optimize the corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, high temperature resistance and hardness of the stainless bearing steel by adjusting the ratio of each element and correspondingly preparing the method. Extend the service life of stainless bearing steel.
- a nitrogen-containing stainless bearing steel the weight percentage of each component is: C: 0.18% to 0.23%; N: 0.25 to 0.67%; Co ⁇ 0.50%; Cr: 14.00 to 18.00%; W: 0.50 to 1.50 %;Mo: ⁇ 1.5%;V: ⁇ 0.15%;Ni:1.00 ⁇ 2.00%; Si ⁇ 0.80%;Mn ⁇ 0.70%; Se ⁇ 0.02%; Al ⁇ 0.03%; Re ⁇ 0.03%; balance is Fe .
- the weight percentage of each component is: C: 0.20%; N: 0.45%; Co: 0.20%; Cr: 18.00%; W: 0.75%; Mo: 0.75%; V: 0.15%; Ni: 2.00%; Si: 0.50%; Mn: 0.50%; Se: 0.015%; Al: 0.02%; Re: 0.015%; the balance is Fe.
- the weight ratio of the added amount of W, Mo, and V is 5:5:1.
- a preparation method of nitrogen-containing martensite stainless bearing steel comprising the following steps:
- Step 1 Loading, loading Fe, Cr, W, V, Mo, Re into a vacuum induction furnace, vacuuming, after about 20 minutes, at 3450-3800 ° C, refining 15-18 min, then adding In the molten state C, the nitrogen-protected state is passed, and the FeCrN powder is stirred and added; after 5-8 minutes of refining, it is cast into an electroslag electrode rod.
- Step 2 SiO 2 , CaF 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, P 2 O 5 2 are added to the electroslag furnace crystallizer in a molten state, the electrode rod is inserted into the molten slag, the electrode rod is melted, and the electroslag weight is Melt into an electroslag ingot.
- Step 3 When the electroslag ingot is at 1500 ⁇ 50°C, it is kept in a vacuum environment for 5-8h, and then forged into a bar.
- Step 4 heat treatment: two-stage annealing heat treatment: first 600-750 ° C, air cooling; second 550-650 ° C, air cooling; quenching: temperature is 1060-1100 ° C, and holding 30-50 min; tempering: 140 -160 ° C ⁇ 4-6 h.
- the two-stage annealing heat treatment in the step 4 is: first 650 ° C, air cooling; second 600 ° C, air cooling, quenching: temperature is 1060 ° C, and kept for 50 min, tempering: 160 ° C ⁇ 4 h .
- the invention delays the embrittlement temperature range by adding Al and Si, Si and Mn mainly improve the hardenability, Si can also improve the tempering stability of the steel; V can refine the crystal grains, and can reduce the overheat sensitivity of Mn; Improve the tempering stability; Re can improve the morphology, distribution and grain refinement of inclusions.
- the weight ratio of W, Mo and V is 5:5:1, the thermal strength of steel can be improved.
- the two-stage annealing treatment ensures the hardness of the product.
- a nitrogen-containing stainless bearing steel the weight percentage of each component is: C: 0.20%; N: 0.45%; Co: 0.20%; Cr: 18.00%; W: 0.75%; Mo: 0.75%; V: 0.15%; Ni: 2.00%; Si: 0.50%; Mn: 0.50%; Se: 0.015%; Al: 0.02%; Re: 0.015%;
- Step 1 Loading, loading Fe, Cr, W, V, Mo, Re into a vacuum induction furnace, vacuuming, after about 20 minutes, at 3600-3800 ° C, refining for 15 min, then adding the molten state C, under nitrogen protection, stirring and adding FeCrN powder; after 8 minutes of refining, casting into an electroslag electrode rod.
- Step 2 SiO 2 , CaF 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, P 2 O 5 2 are added to the electroslag furnace crystallizer in a molten state, the electrode rod is inserted into the molten slag, the electrode rod is melted, and the electroslag weight is Melt into an electroslag ingot.
- Step 3 The electroslag ingot is kept at a temperature of 1450 ° C for 5 h in a vacuum environment, and then forged into a bar.
- Step 4 heat treatment: annealing: first 650 ° C, air cooling; second 600 ° C, air cooling; quenching: temperature is 1060 ° C, and holding 50 min; tempering: 160 ° C ⁇ 4 h.
- a nitrogen-containing stainless bearing steel the weight percentage of each component is: C: 0.18%; N: 0.50%; Co: 0.50%; Cr: 14.00%; W: 1.40%; Mo: 1.4%; V: ⁇ 0.15%; Ni: 1.00%; Si: 0.30%; Mn: 0.40%; Se: 0.01%; Al: 0.03%; Re: 0.03%;
- Step 1 Loading, loading Fe, Cr, W, V, Mo, Re into a vacuum induction furnace, vacuuming, after about 20 minutes, at 3450-3600 ° C, refining for 18 min, then adding to the already molten state C, Under the condition of nitrogen protection, the FeCrN powder was stirred and added; after 6 minutes of refining, it was cast into an electroslag electrode rod.
- Step 2 SiO 2 , CaF 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, P 2 O 5 2 are added to the electroslag furnace crystallizer in a molten state, the electrode rod is inserted into the molten slag, the electrode rod is melted, and the electroslag weight is Melt into an electroslag ingot.
- Step 3 The electroslag ingot is kept at a temperature of 1550 ° C for 8 h in a vacuum environment, and then forged into a bar.
- Step 4 heat treatment: annealing: first 750 ° C, air cooling; second 550 ° C, air cooling; quenching: temperature is 1100 ° C, and heat preservation 35 min; tempering: 150 ° C ⁇ 5.5 h.
- the corrosion pattern in the salt spray environment is dominated by pitting.
- the corrosion area did not increase significantly with the increase of corrosion time.
- the corrosion area ratio was only 0.40%, and the salt spray resistance was significantly improved.
- the primary eutectic carbide content decreased and the carbide size was controlled. Within a good range.
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Abstract
Description
本发明属于合金材料领域，具体是一种含氮马氏体不锈轴承钢及制备方法。The invention belongs to the field of alloy materials, in particular to a nitrogen-containing martensite stainless bearing steel and a preparation method thereof.
氮作为钢中一重要的合金元素，能够提高不锈钢的力学性能和耐烛性能，氮在马氏体不锈钢中与其它元素形成氮化物分布于晶界上,提高硬化能力,防止高温回火时奥氏体、铁素体晶粒的长大；不仅能显著提高材料的表面硬度和抗磨损性能，还能替代昂贵的镍以增强材料的耐腐蚀性能。因此，含氮马氏体不锈钢以其良好的强度、硬度和耐磨性、优异的耐腐蚀性和疲劳韧性，成为高性能轴承钢的一种新选择。而马氏体不锈钢作为轴承应用时，力求将其中的各元素含量调整到最佳配比，以达到在经济、性能、工艺等方面的最优化。As an important alloying element in steel, nitrogen can improve the mechanical properties and candle resistance of stainless steel. Nitrogen forms nitrides with other elements in martensitic stainless steel and distributes it on grain boundaries, improving hardenability and preventing high temperature tempering. Growth of the ferrite and ferrite grains; not only can significantly improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of the material, but also replace the expensive nickel to enhance the corrosion resistance of the material. Therefore, nitrogen-containing martensitic stainless steel has become a new choice for high performance bearing steel because of its good strength, hardness and wear resistance, excellent corrosion resistance and fatigue toughness. When martensitic stainless steel is used as a bearing, it strives to adjust the content of each element to the optimum ratio to optimize the economy, performance and process.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的一种含氮不锈轴承钢，通过调整各元素的配比，并对应制备方法，能够使不锈轴承钢在耐腐蚀性能、力学性能、耐高温性能、硬度各方面的优化，达到延长不锈轴承钢的使用寿命的目的。The nitrogen-containing stainless bearing steel of the invention can optimize the corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, high temperature resistance and hardness of the stainless bearing steel by adjusting the ratio of each element and correspondingly preparing the method. Extend the service life of stainless bearing steel.
一种含氮不锈轴承钢，各组分重量百分含量为：C：0.18％～0.23％；N：0.25～0.67％；Co≤0.50％；Cr：14.00～18.00％；W：0.50～1.50％；Mo：≤1.5％；V：≤0.15％；Ni：1.00～2.00％；Si≤0.80％；Mn≤0.70％；Se≤0.02％；Al≤0.03％；Re≤0.03％；余量为Fe。A nitrogen-containing stainless bearing steel, the weight percentage of each component is: C: 0.18% to 0.23%; N: 0.25 to 0.67%; Co ≤ 0.50%; Cr: 14.00 to 18.00%; W: 0.50 to 1.50 %;Mo:≤1.5%;V:≤0.15%;Ni:1.00～2.00%; Si≤0.80%;Mn≤0.70%; Se≤0.02%; Al≤0.03%; Re≤0.03%; balance is Fe .
进一步的，所述的各组分重量百分含量为：C：0.20％；N：0.45％；Co： 0.20％；Cr：18.00％；W：0.75％；Mo：0.75％；V：0.15％；Ni：2.00％；Si：0.50％；Mn：0.50％；Se：0.015％；Al：0.02％；Re：0.015％；余量为Fe。Further, the weight percentage of each component is: C: 0.20%; N: 0.45%; Co: 0.20%; Cr: 18.00%; W: 0.75%; Mo: 0.75%; V: 0.15%; Ni: 2.00%; Si: 0.50%; Mn: 0.50%; Se: 0.015%; Al: 0.02%; Re: 0.015%; the balance is Fe.
优选的，所述的W、Mo、V的加入量的重量比为5:5:1。Preferably, the weight ratio of the added amount of W, Mo, and V is 5:5:1.
一种含氮马氏体不锈轴承钢的制备方法，包括如下步骤：A preparation method of nitrogen-containing martensite stainless bearing steel, comprising the following steps:
步骤1、装料，将Fe、Cr、W、V、Mo、Re装入到真空感应炉中，抽真空，时间约为20min后，在3450-3800℃，精炼15-18min，再加入已经为熔化状态的C，通入氮气保护状态下，搅拌并加入FeCrN粉末；精炼5-8min后，浇铸成电渣电极棒。Step 1. Loading, loading Fe, Cr, W, V, Mo, Re into a vacuum induction furnace, vacuuming, after about 20 minutes, at 3450-3800 ° C, refining 15-18 min, then adding In the molten state C, the nitrogen-protected state is passed, and the FeCrN powder is stirred and added; after 5-8 minutes of refining, it is cast into an electroslag electrode rod.
步骤2、SiO2、CaF2、Al2O3、CaO、P2O52以以熔融状态加入到电渣炉结晶器中，电极棒插入到熔融渣料中，熔化电极棒，电渣重熔成电渣锭。Step 2, SiO 2 , CaF 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, P 2 O 5 2 are added to the electroslag furnace crystallizer in a molten state, the electrode rod is inserted into the molten slag, the electrode rod is melted, and the electroslag weight is Melt into an electroslag ingot.
步骤3、将电渣锭在1500±50℃时，处于真空环境下保温5-8h，之后锻造成棒材。Step 3. When the electroslag ingot is at 1500±50°C, it is kept in a vacuum environment for 5-8h, and then forged into a bar.
步骤4、热处理：两段退火法热处理：第一次600-750℃、空冷；第二次550-650℃、空冷；淬火：温度为1060-1100℃，并保温30-50min；回火：140-160℃×4-6h。Step 4, heat treatment: two-stage annealing heat treatment: first 600-750 ° C, air cooling; second 550-650 ° C, air cooling; quenching: temperature is 1060-1100 ° C, and holding 30-50 min; tempering: 140 -160 ° C × 4-6 h.
进一步的，所述的步骤4中的两段退火法热处理：第一次650℃、空冷；第二次600℃、空冷，淬火：温度为1060℃，并保温50min，回火：160℃×4h。Further, the two-stage annealing heat treatment in the step 4 is: first 650 ° C, air cooling; second 600 ° C, air cooling, quenching: temperature is 1060 ° C, and kept for 50 min, tempering: 160 ° C × 4 h .
本发明通过加入Al、Si推迟脆化温度范围，Si、Mn主要提高淬透性，Si还可提高钢的回火稳定性；V能细化晶粒，可减轻Mn的过热敏感性；Mo能提高回火稳定性；Re可改善夹杂物形态、分布及细化晶粒，W、Mo、V的加入量的重量比为5:5:1时，能够提高钢的热强性。而采用两段退火处理能够保证产品的硬度。 The invention delays the embrittlement temperature range by adding Al and Si, Si and Mn mainly improve the hardenability, Si can also improve the tempering stability of the steel; V can refine the crystal grains, and can reduce the overheat sensitivity of Mn; Improve the tempering stability; Re can improve the morphology, distribution and grain refinement of inclusions. When the weight ratio of W, Mo and V is 5:5:1, the thermal strength of steel can be improved. The two-stage annealing treatment ensures the hardness of the product.
实施例1Example 1
一种含氮不锈轴承钢，各组分重量百分含量为：C：0.20％；N：0.45％；Co：0.20％；Cr：18.00％；W：0.75％；Mo：0.75％；V：0.15％；Ni：2.00％；Si：0.50％；Mn：0.50％；Se：0.015％；Al：0.02％；Re：0.015％；余量为Fe。A nitrogen-containing stainless bearing steel, the weight percentage of each component is: C: 0.20%; N: 0.45%; Co: 0.20%; Cr: 18.00%; W: 0.75%; Mo: 0.75%; V: 0.15%; Ni: 2.00%; Si: 0.50%; Mn: 0.50%; Se: 0.015%; Al: 0.02%; Re: 0.015%;
步骤1、装料，将Fe、Cr、W、V、Mo、Re装入到真空感应炉中，抽真空，时间约为20min后，在3600-3800℃，精炼15min，再加入已经为熔化状态的C，通入氮气保护状态下，搅拌并加入FeCrN粉末；精炼8min后，浇铸成电渣电极棒。Step 1. Loading, loading Fe, Cr, W, V, Mo, Re into a vacuum induction furnace, vacuuming, after about 20 minutes, at 3600-3800 ° C, refining for 15 min, then adding the molten state C, under nitrogen protection, stirring and adding FeCrN powder; after 8 minutes of refining, casting into an electroslag electrode rod.
步骤2、SiO2、CaF2、Al2O3、CaO、P2O52以以熔融状态加入到电渣炉结晶器中，电极棒插入到熔融渣料中，熔化电极棒，电渣重熔成电渣锭。Step 2, SiO 2 , CaF 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, P 2 O 5 2 are added to the electroslag furnace crystallizer in a molten state, the electrode rod is inserted into the molten slag, the electrode rod is melted, and the electroslag weight is Melt into an electroslag ingot.
步骤3、将电渣锭在1450℃时，处于真空环境下保温5h，之后锻造成棒材。Step 3. The electroslag ingot is kept at a temperature of 1450 ° C for 5 h in a vacuum environment, and then forged into a bar.
步骤4、热处理：退火：第一次650℃、空冷；第二次600℃、空冷；淬火：温度为1060℃，并保温50min；回火：160℃×4h。Step 4, heat treatment: annealing: first 650 ° C, air cooling; second 600 ° C, air cooling; quenching: temperature is 1060 ° C, and holding 50 min; tempering: 160 ° C × 4 h.
实施例2Example 2
一种含氮不锈轴承钢，各组分重量百分含量为：C：0.18％；N：0.50％；Co：0.50％；Cr：14.00％；W：1.40％；Mo：1.4％；V：≤0.15％；Ni：1.00％；Si：0.30％；Mn:0.40％；Se：0.01％；Al：0.03％；Re：0.03％；余量为Fe。A nitrogen-containing stainless bearing steel, the weight percentage of each component is: C: 0.18%; N: 0.50%; Co: 0.50%; Cr: 14.00%; W: 1.40%; Mo: 1.4%; V: ≤ 0.15%; Ni: 1.00%; Si: 0.30%; Mn: 0.40%; Se: 0.01%; Al: 0.03%; Re: 0.03%;
一种含氮马氏体不锈轴承钢的制备方法：Preparation method of nitrogen-containing martensite stainless bearing steel:
步骤1、装料，将Fe、Cr、W、V、Mo、Re装入到真空感应炉中，抽真空，时间约为20min后，在3450-3600℃，精炼18min，再加入已经为熔化状态的C， 通入氮气保护状态下，搅拌并加入FeCrN粉末；精炼6min后，浇铸成电渣电极棒。Step 1. Loading, loading Fe, Cr, W, V, Mo, Re into a vacuum induction furnace, vacuuming, after about 20 minutes, at 3450-3600 ° C, refining for 18 min, then adding to the already molten state C, Under the condition of nitrogen protection, the FeCrN powder was stirred and added; after 6 minutes of refining, it was cast into an electroslag electrode rod.
步骤2、SiO2、CaF2、Al2O3、CaO、P2O52以以熔融状态加入到电渣炉结晶器中，电极棒插入到熔融渣料中，熔化电极棒，电渣重熔成电渣锭。Step 2, SiO 2 , CaF 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, P 2 O 5 2 are added to the electroslag furnace crystallizer in a molten state, the electrode rod is inserted into the molten slag, the electrode rod is melted, and the electroslag weight is Melt into an electroslag ingot.
步骤3、将电渣锭在1550℃时，处于真空环境下保温8h，之后锻造成棒材。Step 3: The electroslag ingot is kept at a temperature of 1550 ° C for 8 h in a vacuum environment, and then forged into a bar.
步骤4、热处理：退火：第一次750℃、空冷；第二次550℃、空冷；淬火：温度为1100℃，并保温35min；回火：150℃×5.5h。Step 4, heat treatment: annealing: first 750 ° C, air cooling; second 550 ° C, air cooling; quenching: temperature is 1100 ° C, and heat preservation 35 min; tempering: 150 ° C × 5.5 h.
对实施例1与实施例2得到的含氮不锈轴承钢的腐蚀性能进行测试：The corrosion properties of the nitrogen-containing stainless bearing steels obtained in Example 1 and Example 2 were tested:
在盐雾环境中的腐蚀形态以点蚀为主。腐蚀面积随着腐蚀时间的延长没有显著增大，当腐蚀时间达到120h时，腐蚀面积比仅为0.40％，抗盐雾腐蚀能力明显提高；一次共晶碳化物含量减少，碳化物尺寸控制在了较好的范围内。 The corrosion pattern in the salt spray environment is dominated by pitting. The corrosion area did not increase significantly with the increase of corrosion time. When the corrosion time reached 120h, the corrosion area ratio was only 0.40%, and the salt spray resistance was significantly improved. The primary eutectic carbide content decreased and the carbide size was controlled. Within a good range.
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| JP2006097040A (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2006-04-13 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | Free-cutting stainless steel with excellent machinability |
| CN106062233A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2016-10-26 | 尤迪霍尔姆斯有限责任公司 | Stainless steel and a cutting tool body made of the stainless steel |
| CN104018083A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-09-03 | 重庆材料研究院有限公司 | Nitrogenous stainless bearing steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN106555129A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-04-05 | 机械科学研究总院青岛分院 | A kind of nitrogenous stainless bearing steel and preparation method |
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