WO2018105482A1 - ケイ素含有リン酸アニオンを含む塩、及び潤滑剤 - Google Patents
ケイ素含有リン酸アニオンを含む塩、及び潤滑剤 Download PDFInfo
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- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/09—Esters of phosphoric acids
- C07F9/091—Esters of phosphoric acids with hydroxyalkyl compounds with further substituents on alkyl
- C07F9/092—Esters of phosphoric acids with hydroxyalkyl compounds with further substituents on alkyl substituted by B, Si or a metal
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- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
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- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D295/084—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the oxygen or sulfur atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings
- C07D295/088—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the oxygen or sulfur atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings to an acyclic saturated chain
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/54—Quaternary phosphonium compounds
- C07F9/5407—Acyclic saturated phosphonium compounds
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- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
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- C10M109/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M109/02—Reaction products
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- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
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- C10M139/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M127/00 - C10M137/00
- C10M139/04—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M127/00 - C10M137/00 having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. silanes
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- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2227/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. organo-silanes
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2227/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. organo-silanes
- C10M2227/045—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. organo-silanes used as base material
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/011—Cloud point
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a salt containing a silicon-containing phosphate anion and a lubricant containing the salt.
- An ionic liquid is a salt composed only of ions and generally has a melting point of 100 ° C. or lower.
- Various application studies have been made on ionic liquids due to their characteristics, and in particular, application studies as lubricants have also been made in terms of non-volatility, flame retardancy, high heat resistance, etc. (Patent Documents 1, 2, Non-patent documents 1, 2, etc.).
- Ionic liquids have the necessary physicochemical properties as lubricants, and fluorine-containing ionic liquids such as tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, and bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide salt are considered to have excellent wear resistance. ing.
- fluorine-containing ionic liquids such as tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, and bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide salt are considered to have excellent wear resistance. ing.
- fluorine-containing ionic liquids such as tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, and bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide salt are considered to have excellent wear resistance. ing.
- halogen atoms are contained, there is a problem that the environmental load is large. In particular, there are concerns about environmental problems at the time of leakage, disposal, and the like.
- fluorine-containing ionic liquids are used as lubricants, the entry of moisture is a problem. Even if a very small amount of moisture is mixed, the fluorine-based ionic liquid is decomposed by a chemical reaction (tribochemical reaction) activated by friction. There was a fatal defect that it reacts with anion-derived hydrogen fluoride to corrode metal materials and deteriorate polymer materials. The generated hydrogen fluoride is very toxic and dangerous. For this reason, fluorine-containing ionic liquids are generally evaluated as lubricants that can only be used in space where moisture is not present, or ceramics that do not have a metal interface. It has not been converted.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a novel phosphate that does not contain a halogen atom and is suitably used as a lubricant, an additive for a lubricant, and the like.
- a salt containing a phosphate anion containing a predetermined silicon atom (hereinafter also referred to as silicon-containing phosphate) has a small friction coefficient
- the present invention was completed by finding it useful as a lubricant and an additive for lubricant.
- the present invention provides the following silicon-containing phosphate and lubricant.
- a composition comprising any salt of 10.1-9.
- a lubricant comprising a salt according to any one of 11.1 to 9.
- the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention is halogen-free, the environmental load is small. Further, the ionic liquid comprising the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention has a small coefficient of friction, can be suitably used as a lubricant, and is also applicable to other uses where ionic liquids such as other reaction solvents and electrolyte solvents can be used. Is possible.
- the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention can be suitably used as an additive for lubricants, and further as an antistatic agent or plasticizer added to a polymer material such as rubber or plastic, or an electrolyte salt of various power storage devices. it can.
- 1 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum of silicon-containing phosphate 1 prepared in Example 1.
- 2 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum of silicon-containing phosphate 2 prepared in Example 2.
- 3 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum of silicon-containing phosphate 3 prepared in Example 3.
- 4 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum of silicon-containing phosphate 4 prepared in Example 4.
- 2 is a DSC chart of silicon-containing phosphate 1 produced in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a DSC chart of silicon-containing phosphate 2 produced in Example 2.
- FIG. 3 is a DSC chart of silicon-containing phosphate 3 produced in Example 3.
- FIG. 6 is a DSC chart of silicon-containing phosphate 4 produced in Example 4.
- 2 is a TG-DTA chart of silicon-containing phosphate 1 produced in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a TG-DTA chart of silicon-containing phosphate 2 produced in Example 2.
- FIG. 4 is a TG-DTA chart of silicon-containing phosphate 3 produced in Example 3.
- FIG. 6 is a TG-DTA chart of silicon-containing phosphate 4 produced in Example 4.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the change with time of the coefficient of friction of Fomblin measured in Comparative Example 1.
- 6 is a graph showing the change with time of the friction coefficient of [BMIM] [NTf 2 ] measured in Comparative Example 2.
- 6 is a graph showing the change with time of the friction coefficient of silicon-containing phosphate 2 measured in Example 5.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the change over time in the friction coefficient of silicon-containing phosphate 3 measured in Example 6.
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the average value of the friction coefficient measured in Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in a range of 0 to 10 minutes, 10 minutes to 20 minutes, 20 minutes to 30 minutes. is there.
- the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention contains a silicon-containing phosphate anion represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 to R 4 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic, and may be a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, cyclopropyl group, n-butyl group, s-butyl group, isobutyl group, Examples thereof include t-butyl group and cyclobutyl group.
- R 1 to R 3 are preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, still more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and most preferably a methyl group.
- R 1 to R 3 are preferably all the same group, and most preferably all methyl groups.
- R 4 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, still more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and most preferably a methyl group.
- n represents an integer of 2 to 8, but an integer of 2 to 4 is preferable.
- the cations contained in the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention are not particularly limited, but monovalent ones are preferable.
- the cation may be an inorganic cation or an organic cation.
- Examples of the inorganic cation include alkali metal ions such as sodium ion, potassium ion and lithium ion, and metal ions such as silver ion, zinc ion and copper ion.
- a phosphorus atom-containing cation or a nitrogen atom-containing cation is preferable, and specifically, a quaternary phosphonium ion, a quaternary ammonium ion, an imidazolium ion, a pyridinium ion, a pyrrolidinium ion, a piperidinium ion, or the like is preferable. .
- the quaternary phosphonium ion represented, for example by following formula (2) is preferable.
- R 11 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms may be linear, branched or cyclic, and in addition to the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms described above, an n-pentyl group, a cyclopentyl group, an n-hexyl group, Cyclohexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-tridecyl group, n-tetradecyl group, n-pentadecyl group, n- Examples include a hexadecyl group, an n-heptadecyl group, an n-octadecyl group, an n-nonadecyl group, and an
- R 12 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkyl group represented by — (CH 2 ) k —OR. k represents 1 or 2. R represents a methyl group or an ethyl group. Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include those described above.
- R 12 is an alkoxyalkyl group represented by — (CH 2 ) k —OR easily form an ionic liquid.
- R 12 is an alkyl group, a structure in which R 11 and R 12 are different easily forms an ionic liquid.
- the difference in carbon number is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 3 or more, and still more preferably 5 or more.
- R 21 to R 24 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkyl group represented by — (CH 2 ) k —OR. k represents 1 or 2. R represents a methyl group or an ethyl group. When all of R 21 to R 24 are alkyl groups, at least one having a different structure from others easily forms an ionic liquid. In this case, the difference in carbon number is preferably 1 or more, more preferably Is 3 or more, more preferably 5 or more.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms are the same as those described above.
- Examples of the alkoxyalkyl group include a methoxymethyl group, an ethoxymethyl group, a methoxyethyl group, and an ethoxyethyl group. Of the alkoxyalkyl groups, a methoxymethyl group or a methoxyethyl group is preferred.
- any two of R 21 to R 24 may be bonded to each other to form a ring together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, and the remaining two are also bonded to each other to form a spiro atom having a nitrogen atom as a spiro atom.
- a ring may be formed.
- examples of the ring include an aziridine ring, an azetidine ring, a pyrrolidine ring, a piperidine ring, an azepan ring, an imidazolidine ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrrole ring, an imidazole ring, and a quinol ring, but a pyrrolidine ring, a piperidine ring, An imidazolidine ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrrole ring, an imidazole ring, a quinol ring and the like are preferable, and a pyrrolidine ring and an imidazolidine ring are more preferable.
- the spiro ring is particularly preferably a 1,1′-spirobipyrrolidine ring.
- nitrogen atom-containing cation represented by the formula (3) examples include a quaternary ammonium ion represented by the following formula (3-1) or (3-2), a formula (3-3) or (3 -4) and the like.
- R and k are the same as described above.
- R 201 to R 204 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 205 and R 206 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 205 and R 206 may be bonded to each other to form a ring together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded.
- the imidazolium ion represented, for example by following formula (4) is also preferable.
- R 31 and R 32 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkyl group represented by — (CH 2 ) k —OR.
- R and k are the same as described above.
- Examples of the alkyl group and alkoxyalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms are the same as those exemplified as R 21 to R 24 . In this case, it is easier to form an ionic liquid when R 31 and R 32 are different groups.
- the pyridinium ion represented, for example by following formula (5) is also preferable.
- R 41 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkyl group represented by — (CH 2 ) k —OR.
- R and k are the same as described above.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms may be linear, branched or cyclic, and may be a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, cyclopropyl group, n-butyl group, s- Examples thereof include a butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, cyclobutyl group, n-pentyl group, cyclopentyl group, n-hexyl group, cyclohexyl group, n-heptyl group and n-octyl group.
- Examples of the alkoxyalkyl group include those exemplified as R 21 to R 24 .
- the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention becomes an ionic liquid depending on the type of cation.
- the cation is represented by the formula (3-4)
- it becomes an ionic liquid
- those having structures different from R 11 and R 12 are likely to become ionic liquids.
- the ionic liquid comprising the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention is halogen-free, it has a low environmental load and exhibits excellent lubricant performance.
- the salt of the present invention having a quaternary phosphonium ion represented by the formula (2) has higher heat resistance and particularly excellent lubricant performance as compared with conventional halogen-free salts.
- the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention can be synthesized, for example, according to the following scheme A.
- R 1 to R 4 , R 21 to R 24 and n are the same as described above, but R 24 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the reaction. That is, when the cation is represented by the formula (3-2) or the formula (3-4), the compound represented by the formula (1 ′′) is represented by the following formula (1 ′ ′′). It is preferable to use a compound represented by the following formula (3-2 ′) or formula (3-4 ′) as the compound represented by the formula (3 ′).
- the compound represented by the following formula (3-2 ′) or formula (3-4 ′) can be synthesized by a conventionally known method. (In the formula, R 1 to R 4 , R 201 to R 203 , n and k are the same as described above.)
- the use ratio of the compound represented by the formula (1 ′′) and the compound represented by the formula (3 ′) is not particularly limited. However, in order to complete the reaction more quickly, eliminate residual raw materials, and simplify the isolation step, one may be used in excess. In that case, it is preferable to use an excessive component that is easy to remove.
- the reaction shown in Scheme A is preferably performed without a solvent, but a solvent may be used.
- the solvent that can be used at this time is not particularly limited as long as it does not hinder the progress of the reaction, and a general-purpose solvent may be appropriately used.
- the reaction temperature is usually about 60 to 120 ° C., preferably about 80 to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time may be appropriately determined according to the progress of the reaction, and is not particularly limited. However, most of the reaction usually takes several hours to several tens of hours. You may make it react for a long time in order not to leave a residual raw material.
- the compound represented by the formula (1 ′′) which is a starting material may be synthesized by a known method, but can be synthesized according to the following scheme B, for example.
- R 1 to R 4 , R 24 and n are the same as described above.
- X represents a halogen atom such as a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom.
- the compound represented by the formula (1 ′′ -1) and the compound represented by the formula (1 ′′ -2).
- the compound represented by the formula (1 ′′ -1) may be reacted with the compound represented by the formula (1 ′′ -2) in the presence of an acid scavenger.
- reaction shown in Scheme B can be performed without a solvent, but a general-purpose solvent may be used.
- the cation is a quaternary ammonium ion represented by the formula (3) is taken as an example.
- the cation is a quaternary phosphonium ion represented by the formula (2).
- it can be synthesized in the same manner as in Scheme A using a trialkylphosphine that can give the quaternary phosphonium ion instead of the compound represented by the formula (3 ′). .
- the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention in which the cation is an imidazolium ion represented by the formula (4) or a pyridinium ion represented by the formula (5) is used instead of the compound represented by the formula (3 ′). Further, it can be synthesized by the same method as in Scheme A using 1-alkylimidazole or pyridine capable of giving the imidazolium ion.
- the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention is a neutralization method using an ion exchange resin, using any salt containing a silicon-containing phosphate anion represented by the formula (1) and the salt containing a cation described above. Can also be manufactured. For example, when synthesizing a salt whose cation is a quaternary phosphonium ion represented by the formula (2), it is represented by the silicon-containing phosphate represented by the formula (1 ′) and the following formula (2 ′). It can be manufactured using the salt made. (In the formula, R 1 to R 4 , R 11 , R 12 , R 21 to R 24 and n are the same as described above. X ⁇ represents any anion.)
- the silicon-containing phosphate represented by the formula (1 ′) can be synthesized according to the method described above.
- the salt represented by the formula (2 ′) can be synthesized according to a conventionally known method, or a commercially available product can be used.
- the silicon-containing phosphate represented by the formula (1 ′) and the salt represented by the formula (2 ′) are represented by the following formulas using a cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin, respectively. What is necessary is just to mix both, after converting into the silicon containing phosphate ester and hydroxide which are represented by these. (Wherein R 1 to R 4 and n are the same as described above.)
- the counter ion is not particularly limited as long as the salt represented by the formula (2 ′) is ion-exchanged.
- halide ions are preferred as the counter ion from the cost standpoint, and chloride ions and bromide ions are particularly preferred from the cost standpoint.
- the molar ratio of the silicon-containing phosphate ester and hydroxide in the neutralization reaction is not particularly limited, but can usually be about 5: 1 to 1: 5. Considering the cost, it is preferable to carry out at a ratio close to 1: 1, and it is particularly preferable to set the neutralization point of the aqueous layer as the reaction end point. After completion of the reaction, the desired product can be obtained by carrying out usual post-treatment.
- an ion exchange resin is prepared.
- the method of ion-exchange using it is mentioned.
- an aqueous solution of a salt represented by the formula (1 ′) is passed through a column packed with a cation exchange resin, the cation of the salt is supported on the cation exchange resin, and water is passed through. Wash.
- the target silicon-containing phosphate can be produced by passing the salt represented by the formula (2 ′) through the column, collecting the eluate, and purifying it.
- cation exchange resin a commonly used cation exchange resin can be used, but a strongly acidic cation exchange resin is preferably used. These are available as commercial products.
- the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention can be produced by other methods than the above synthesis method (“Ionic Liquids—Development Frontiers and Future”), CMC Publishing Co., Ltd. It can be synthesized by a general ionic liquid synthesis method described in “Progress and Various Near Futures”, CMC Publishing, 2006, etc.). For example, it can also be produced by reacting a salt represented by the formula (2 ′) and a silicon-containing phosphate represented by the formula (1 ′) in a solvent.
- the solvent may be either water or an organic solvent.
- the product may be selected as appropriate in consideration of the ease of isolation and purification of the product.
- the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention is an ionic liquid
- it can be used as a lubricant. Since the ionic liquid has a small friction coefficient and a small fluctuation, it can be suitably used as a lubricant.
- the ionic liquid does not generate a toxic substance such as hydrogen fluoride, so there is no possibility of deteriorating a metal material, a polymer material, or the like. Therefore, the ionic liquid can be applied to various uses as a general-purpose lubricant.
- the lubricant of the present invention may be composed only of the ionic liquid, but may further contain an additive.
- the additive is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves in the ionic liquid described above. NTf 2 -, BF 4 -, PF 6 - , etc.
- Conventional ionic liquids containing fluorine-containing anions the force of dissolving the additives that are commonly used as a lubricant additive is small, improves the tribological properties It is difficult to do.
- the silicon-containing ionic liquid can dissolve such additives, and thus can improve the tribological properties of the ionic liquid cost-effectively.
- additive examples include surfactants, dispersants, antioxidants, antiwear agents, rust inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, friction modifiers, extreme pressure additives, antifoaming agents, viscosity modifiers, and pour points. Depressant and the like.
- the surfactant examples include sulfonate surfactants such as alkyl sulfonate and alkyl benzene sulfonate, salicylate surfactants, phosphate surfactants, phenate surfactants, and the like.
- the content thereof is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass in the lubricant.
- dispersant examples include polyalkenyl succinimide, polyalkenyl succinate, Mannich base, and organic phosphates.
- the content thereof is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass in the lubricant.
- antioxidants examples include zinc dithiophosphate, phenolic antioxidants, aromatic amine antioxidants, organic sulfur compound antioxidants, hindered phenols, phosphite antioxidants, and the like.
- the content thereof is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass in the lubricant.
- antiwear agent examples include phosphorus antiwear agents, sulfur antiwear agents, boric acid derivatives, chlorine antiwear agents, and zinc dithiophosphate.
- an antiwear agent When an antiwear agent is included, its content is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass in the lubricant.
- rust preventive examples include sulfonate, polyhydric alcohol ester, alkylamine and the like.
- the content thereof is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass in the lubricant.
- the corrosion inhibitor examples include nitrogen-containing compounds such as benzotriazole compounds.
- nitrogen-containing compounds such as benzotriazole compounds.
- its content is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass in the lubricant.
- the friction modifier examples include glycerin fatty acid esters such as glycerol monooleate and alkylamines such as oleylamine.
- the content thereof is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass in the lubricant.
- extreme pressure additive examples include sulfur-based extreme pressure additives such as sulfurized fats and oils, sulfurized olefins, dibenzyl disulfide and dialkyl disulfide, and phosphorus-based extreme pressure additives.
- sulfur-based extreme pressure additives such as sulfurized fats and oils, sulfurized olefins, dibenzyl disulfide and dialkyl disulfide, and phosphorus-based extreme pressure additives.
- the content thereof is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass in the lubricant.
- antifoaming agent examples include silicon-based antifoaming agents such as polymethylsiloxane.
- the antifoaming agent When the antifoaming agent is included, its content is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass in the lubricant.
- viscosity modifier examples include hydrocarbon viscosity modifiers such as polyisobutylene, olefin copolymer, styrene / isoprene copolymer, and ester viscosity modifiers such as styrene ester and polymethacrylate.
- hydrocarbon viscosity modifiers such as polyisobutylene, olefin copolymer, styrene / isoprene copolymer, and ester viscosity modifiers such as styrene ester and polymethacrylate.
- pour point depressant examples include alkylated aromatic compounds, styrene / maleic acid ester copolymers, and polymethacrylates.
- the content thereof is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass in the lubricant.
- a friction modifier or an antiwear agent is included from the viewpoint that the tribological characteristics can be highly controlled.
- the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention can also be used as an additive for lubricants.
- the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention may be an ionic liquid or not an ionic liquid.
- the friction coefficient can be reduced by adding the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention to the lubricant.
- the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention includes an electrolytic solution solvent for an electric storage device such as an electric double layer capacitor, a lithium ion capacitor, a redox capacitor, a lithium secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium air battery, and a proton polymer battery. It can also be used as an additive for electrolytes. Furthermore, the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention can be used as an antistatic agent or a plasticizer added to a polymer material such as rubber or plastic. Moreover, since the ionic liquid consisting of the silicon-containing phosphate of the present invention is a halogen-free ionic liquid, it is useful as a green solvent with little environmental load.
- Me represents a methyl group.
- FIG. 1 shows a 1 H-NMR spectrum of the obtained silicon-containing phosphate 1 (apparatus: AL-400 manufactured by JEOL Ltd., solvent: deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide, the same applies hereinafter).
- the methanol solution of tributyldodecylphosphonium hydroxide and an ethyl acetate solution of an acid composed of anions of silicon-containing phosphate 2 were mixed so that the pH was in the range of 6-8.
- the solvent of this mixed solution was removed initially using an evaporator and then a vacuum pump to obtain the target silicon-containing phosphate 2 as a viscous liquid (yield 4.3 g, yield based on tributyldodecylphosphonium bromide). 81%).
- a 1 H-NMR spectrum of the resulting silicon-containing phosphate 2 is shown in FIG.
- Silicon-containing phosphate 3 (room temperature liquid) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that tributyl dodecyl phosphonium bromide was changed to tributyl hexadecyl phosphonium bromide (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) (yield 93 %).
- the 1 H-NMR spectrum of the obtained silicon-containing phosphate 3 is shown in FIG.
- Silicon-containing phosphate 4 (room temperature liquid) was obtained almost quantitatively in the same manner as in Example 1, except that N-2-methoxyethylpyrrolidine was changed to triethylamine (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). .
- the 1 H-NMR spectrum of the resulting silicon-containing phosphate 4 is shown in FIG.
- Friction test [Examples 5 to 6, Comparative Examples 1 and 2] Silicon-containing phosphate 2 (Example 5), silicon-containing phosphate 3 (Example 6), Fomblin YL VAC 06/6 (manufactured by Solvay), which is a commercially available perfluoropolyether lubricant (Comparative Example 1) ) And butylmethylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., hereinafter abbreviated as [BMIM] [NTf 2 ]) (Comparative Example 2) Compared.
- the friction test was performed using UMT-TriboLAB (manufactured by Bruker) as a testing machine, in accordance with ASTM D 6425, in a steel ball-steel plate (steel ball-steel plate) contact. Specifically, after setting the test piece on the testing machine, the change in friction coefficient with time was traced according to the conditions shown in Table 2. The results are shown in FIGS. Table 3 shows the average values of the friction coefficients in the range of 0 to 10 minutes, 10 minutes to 20 minutes and 20 minutes to 30 minutes. In addition, FIG. 17 shows a graph of the results in Table 3.
- the silicon-containing phosphates 2 and 3 are both ionic liquids having a small friction coefficient and NTf 2 ⁇ as an anion, which is an existing ionic liquid and is considered to have a good performance as a lubricant [ Compared with [BMIM] [NTf 2 ], the coefficient of friction was small. As described above, it was found that the lubricant of the present invention has excellent performance.
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Abstract
Description
1.下記式(1)で表されるケイ素含有リン酸アニオンを含む塩。
2.R1~R3が、同一の基である1の塩。
3.R1~R3が、全てメチル基である2の塩。
4.R4が、メチル基である1~3のいずれかの塩。
5.nが、2~4の整数である1~4のいずれかの塩。
6.カチオンが、有機カチオンである1~5のいずれかの塩。
7.カチオンが、リン原子含有カチオンである1~6のいずれかの塩。
8.カチオンが、窒素原子含有カチオンである1~6のいずれかの塩。
9.融点が100℃以下のイオン液体である1~8のいずれかの塩。
10.1~9のいずれかの塩を含む組成物。
11.1~9のいずれかの塩を含む潤滑剤。
12.下記式で表されるケイ素含有リン酸エステル。
本発明のケイ素含有リン酸塩がイオン液体である場合、そのものを潤滑剤として使用することができる。前記イオン液体は、摩擦係数が小さく、その変動も小さいため、潤滑剤として好適に使用できる。また、前記イオン液体は、フッ化水素のような毒性を示す物質を生成することがないため、金属材料、高分子材料等を劣化させるおそれがない。よって、前記イオン液体は、汎用潤滑剤として様々な用途に適応できる。
本発明のケイ素含有リン酸塩は、電気二重層キャパシタ、リチウムイオンキャパシタ、レドックスキャパシタ、リチウム二次電池、リチウムイオン二次電池、リチウム空気電池、プロトンポリマー電池等の蓄電デバイスの電解液溶媒、電解質や電解質用添加剤としても使用できる。更に、本発明のケイ素含有リン酸塩は、ゴム、プラスチック等の高分子材料に添加する帯電防止剤や可塑剤等としても使用できる。また、本発明のケイ素含有リン酸塩からなるイオン液体は、ハロゲンフリーのイオン液体であるため、環境負荷の少ないグリーン溶媒として有用である。
得られたN-2-メトキシエチルピロリジン1.00質量部に、化合物1を1.65質量部加え、攪拌下、100℃で5時間反応させた。反応液を室温に戻したのち、少量の酢酸エチルを加え粘度を低下させ、分液ロートに移した。これにヘキサンを加えると2層分離した。下層を取り、少量の酢酸エチルを加え粘度を低下させ、分液ロートに移す作業を更に2回繰り返し、下層を洗浄した。下層を真空乾燥し、ほぼ定量的(1.53質量部、収率99%)に目的物であるケイ素含有リン酸塩1(室温液体)を得た。得られたケイ素含有リン酸塩1の1H-NMRスペクトル(装置:日本電子(株)製AL-400、溶媒:重ジメチルスルホキシド、以下同じ。)を図1に示す。
イオン交換水で洗浄済みの陽イオン交換樹脂(アンバーリスト15JS-HG・DRY、オルガノ(株)製)17mL(イオン交換水を加えた状態での容量、以下同様)にケイ素含有リン酸塩1 4.5gを18mLの水に溶解した水溶液を加え、6時間攪拌した。15JS-HG・DRYをろ別後、ろ液を新たに用意した洗浄済みの15JS-HG・DRY17mLに加えた。終夜攪拌後、15JS-HG・DRYをろ別、白濁したろ液を得た。ろ液を分液ロートに移し、酢酸エチルで抽出を行った。分液した水層は再度酢酸エチル抽出を行い、各抽出液(有機層)を集め3回水洗浄を行い、完全にカチオン部が水素に置換したケイ素含有リン酸塩2のアニオンからなる酸の酢酸エチル溶液を得た。
前記トリブチルドデシルホスホニウムヒドロキシドのメタノール溶液と、ケイ素含有リン酸塩2のアニオンからなる酸の酢酸エチル溶液とをpHを6~8の範囲に入るよう混合した。この混合溶液を、初期はエバポレータ、その後、真空ポンプを用いて溶媒除去し、目的物であるケイ素含有リン酸塩2を粘性液体として得た(収量4.3g、トリブチルドデシルホスホニウムブロミド基準で収率81%)。得られたケイ素含有リン酸塩2の1H-NMRスペクトルを図2に示す。
ケイ素含有リン酸塩1~4の融点、分解点、及び粘度を測定した。融点は、セイコーインスツルメンツ(株)製DSC7000を用いて、20~50℃まで毎分10℃昇温、50℃で1分間保持後、60~-70℃まで毎分1℃降温、-70℃で1分間保持後、-70~50℃まで毎分1℃昇温の条件で測定した。分解点は、セイコーインスツルメンツ(株)製TG-DTA6200を用いて、空気雰囲気下、30~500℃まで毎分10℃昇温の条件で測定し、10%重量減少した温度を分解点とした。粘度は、BROOKFIELD社製プログラマブルレオメーターを用いて、25℃における粘度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。なお、ケイ素含有リン酸塩1~4のDSCチャートをそれぞれ図5~8に、TG-DTAチャートをそれぞれ図9~12に示す。
[実施例5~6、比較例1~2]
ケイ素含有リン酸塩2(実施例5)、ケイ素含有リン酸塩3(実施例6)、市販のパーフルオロポリエーテル系潤滑剤であるFomblin YL VAC 06/6(ソルベイ社製)(比較例1)、及び市販のイオン液体であるブチルメチルイミダゾリウムビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミド(関東化学(株)製、以下、[BMIM][NTf2]と略す。)(比較例2)について、摩擦係数を比較した。
摩擦試験は、試験機としてUMT-TriboLAB(Bruker社製)を用い、ASTM D 6425に従い、スチール球-スチール平板(鋼玉-鋼板)接触で実施した。具体的には、試験片を試験機にセットした後、表2の条件に従って摩擦係数の経時変化を追跡した。結果を図13~16に示す。また、前記摩擦係数の、0~10分、10分を超え20分以下、20分を超え30分以下の範囲における摩擦係数の平均値を表3に示す。また、表3の結果をグラフ化したものを図17に示す。
Claims (12)
- R1~R3が、同一の基である請求項1記載の塩。
- R1~R3が、全てメチル基である請求項2記載の塩。
- R4が、メチル基である請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の塩。
- nが、2~4の整数である請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載の塩。
- カチオンが、有機カチオンである請求項1~5のいずれか1項記載の塩。
- カチオンが、リン原子含有カチオンである請求項1~6のいずれか1項記載の塩。
- カチオンが、窒素原子含有カチオンである請求項1~6のいずれか1項記載の塩。
- 融点が100℃以下のイオン液体である請求項1~8のいずれか1項記載の塩。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項記載の塩を含む組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項記載の塩を含む潤滑剤。
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| US16/465,276 US10584138B2 (en) | 2016-12-05 | 2017-11-30 | Salt comprising silicon-containing phosphate anion, and lubricant |
| CN201780074987.3A CN110036016B (zh) | 2016-12-05 | 2017-11-30 | 包含含有硅的磷酸阴离子的盐和润滑剂 |
| JP2018554960A JP6969575B2 (ja) | 2016-12-05 | 2017-11-30 | ケイ素含有リン酸アニオンを含む塩、及び潤滑剤 |
| KR1020197016566A KR102541213B1 (ko) | 2016-12-05 | 2017-11-30 | 규소 함유 인산 음이온을 포함하는 염, 및 윤활제 |
| EP17878919.4A EP3549943B1 (en) | 2016-12-05 | 2017-11-30 | Salt comprising silicon-containing phosphate anion, and lubricant |
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Cited By (5)
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| JP2020066605A (ja) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-04-30 | 国立大学法人鳥取大学 | ケイ素含有テトラアルキルホウ酸塩 |
| WO2021065621A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | 複合材料 |
| WO2021145076A1 (ja) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-07-22 | 学校法人東京理科大学 | 潤滑油用添加剤及び潤滑油組成物 |
| WO2021199911A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-07 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物及びイオン液体 |
| WO2022163235A1 (ja) | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-04 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | グリース用添加剤及びグリース組成物 |
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| WO2021030525A1 (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-02-18 | Valvoline Licensing And Intellectual Property Llc | Lubricant composition containing ashless tbn molecules |
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| JP2020066605A (ja) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-04-30 | 国立大学法人鳥取大学 | ケイ素含有テトラアルキルホウ酸塩 |
| JP7157966B2 (ja) | 2018-10-25 | 2022-10-21 | 国立大学法人鳥取大学 | ケイ素含有テトラアルキルホウ酸塩 |
| WO2021065621A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | 複合材料 |
| US11739284B2 (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2023-08-29 | Nisshinbo Holdings Inc. | Composite material |
| WO2021145076A1 (ja) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-07-22 | 学校法人東京理科大学 | 潤滑油用添加剤及び潤滑油組成物 |
| JP2021109930A (ja) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-08-02 | 学校法人東京理科大学 | 潤滑油用添加剤及び潤滑油組成物 |
| WO2021199911A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-07 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物及びイオン液体 |
| JP2021161309A (ja) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-11 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物及びイオン液体 |
| JP7562978B2 (ja) | 2020-04-01 | 2024-10-08 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物及びイオン液体 |
| WO2022163235A1 (ja) | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-04 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | グリース用添加剤及びグリース組成物 |
| JP2022116774A (ja) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-10 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | グリース用添加剤及びグリース組成物 |
| EP4286498A4 (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2024-06-12 | Nisshinbo Holdings Inc. | GREASE ADDITIVE AND GREASE COMPOSITION |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3549943A4 (en) | 2020-08-12 |
| US20190389889A1 (en) | 2019-12-26 |
| CN110036016B (zh) | 2021-06-01 |
| KR20190088054A (ko) | 2019-07-25 |
| US10584138B2 (en) | 2020-03-10 |
| EP3549943B1 (en) | 2021-12-29 |
| CN110036016A (zh) | 2019-07-19 |
| JPWO2018105482A1 (ja) | 2019-10-24 |
| JP6969575B2 (ja) | 2021-11-24 |
| KR102541213B1 (ko) | 2023-06-09 |
| EP3549943A1 (en) | 2019-10-09 |
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