WO2018103281A1 - High-gain antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of communications, and discloses a high-gain antenna. The high-gain antenna comprises at least three radiating elements; each radiating element is connected, individually or in groups , to a feeding point by means of parallel dual lines; the radiating elements are arranged on the two sides of the feeding point along the length direction of a substrate; the number of radiating elements arranged on the first side of the feeding point is an even number; every two radiating elements of the radiating elements on the first side of the feeding point are symmetrical along the width direction of the substrate; the feeding point is arranged in the middle position of the width direction of the substrate; the connection lines between the feeding point and the radiating elements on the first side of the feeding point branch off towards the two sides of the width direction of the substrate; and a feeder line routes between the branching-off connecting lines and between the symmetrical radiating elements from the feeding point along the length direction of the substrate. The present invention adopts a middle feeding fashion , the parallel dual lines connected between the feeding point and the radiating elements below the feeding point are arranged on the left and right sides, and the feeder line routes downwards from a blank region right below the feeding point, avoiding direct contact with the parallel dual lines, and realizing high gain of the antenna.

Description

High gain antenna Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and relates to wireless technologies, and in particular, to an antenna for wirelessly receiving and transmitting information.

Background technique

Commonly used WiFi frequency bands mainly include the 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz frequency band, hereinafter referred to as the 2.4G frequency band; and the 5.15GHz to 5.85GHz frequency band, hereinafter referred to as the 5G frequency band. As more and more communication chips contain both 2.4G and 5G bands, the antennas must be able to simultaneously transmit and receive signals in both bands. However, in general, dual-band antennas have problems such as difficulty in achieving high gain, difficulty in widening the bandwidth, and difficulty in integrating the two frequency bands. Therefore, how to provide a dual-frequency high-gain antenna with bandwidth to meet the needs has become a problem that researchers must solve.

In the product design process, in addition to considering performance, it is often necessary to consider the aesthetics of the shape and the cost, and it is necessary to reduce the size while ensuring performance. How to design a smaller antenna under the condition of satisfying performance is one of the more concerned issues in the antenna design process. A conventional dual-frequency antenna is generally in the form of a single dual-frequency dipole antenna with a small gain. To increase the gain, two dual-frequency dipole radiating elements can be used in series. Taking the PCB antenna as an example, the length of the antenna using one radiating element in the WiFi band is about 60 mm, but the gain can only reach 2.15 dBi. High gain antennas employing two radiating elements typically require a length of more than 90 mm.

Most antennas are fed by coaxial lines. Due to the existence of a certain surface current on the surface of the coaxial line, it is inevitable that there will be a mutual influence between the coaxial line and the antenna body, resulting in deterioration of the antenna performance. Therefore, how to reasonably arrange the position of the coaxial line and fix it to minimize the impact on the antenna performance is one of the problems that must be considered in the antenna design.

Taking a PCB antenna as an example, a common dual-frequency high-gain antenna is to connect two or more dual-frequency radiating elements in series in the long axis direction of the PCB, thereby increasing the gain in a plane perpendicular to the long axis. The antenna PCB is printed on both sides, and the two radiating elements are connected by parallel double wires. According to the position of the feeding point, it is divided into two methods: bottom feed and medium feed.

Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a dual frequency antenna employing two radiating elements of the bottom feed. It consists of two dual-frequency radiating elements, which are connected by parallel two-wires. Each dual-frequency radiating element contains 2.4G radiating elements and 5G radiating elements. The feeding point 6 is arranged at the end of the parallel double line, and the feeding is performed by the coaxial welding, the through hole is punched at the welding point, the coaxial core wire is welded on the front side through the through hole from the back side, and the coaxial braid layer is welded on the back side. In order to keep the current phases on the two radiating elements the same, it is required that the two radiating elements are close to nλ/2 (λ is the medium wavelength of the corresponding frequency, and n is an integer greater than 0). The advantage of this scheme is that the feeder is far away from the radiator, which can effectively avoid the influence on the antenna when the feeder is disturbed, and the antenna performance is relatively stable.

However, this solution limits the length of the two radiating elements by nλ/2, which limits its length. On the other hand, due to the large difference in wavelength λ between the 2.4G and 5G bands, it is difficult to meet both of the two frequency bands in actual design, that is, it is difficult to achieve better performance in both frequency bands. In addition, the distance from the feeding point to the end radiating element is large, and the loss introduced by the parallel double line is not negligible.

Referring to Figure 2, there is shown a dual frequency antenna employing two radiating elements of the medium feed. The difference from the bottom feed method is that the feed point 6 is located at the center of the antenna. In this way, it is only necessary to ensure that the feed point is equal to the distance between the two radiating elements, so that the current phases at the two radiating elements are the same, without the condition that the distance of the two radiating elements satisfies nλ/2. Therefore, this method can reduce the pitch of the two radiating elements, thereby reducing the PCB length to some extent. A similar patent scheme can be found in CN200820005238.3.

With the medium-feeding scheme, the feeder is directly connected to the middle of the radiator, and the route of the feeder has a significant influence on the performance of the antenna. When the feed line is perpendicular to the PCB axis, the effect is small, as in the feed line direction A in the above figure. However, this kind of routing method is not feasible in engineering practice, and more is to let the feeder line run vertically downwards, as shown in the feed line direction B in the above figure. By feeder In the direction B, the feeder line is close to the parallel double line, which easily deteriorates the performance of the antenna.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims to solve the problem that the existing feed-forward dual-frequency WIFI antenna feed line inevitably affects the performance of the antenna, and proposes a solution to realize the small-sized and high-gain effect of the antenna.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

The first technical solution provided by the present invention is: a high-gain antenna comprising at least three radiating elements, each radiating unit being connected to a feeding point by a parallel two-wire, individually or in groups, characterized in that the radiating element is at a substrate length The direction is divided on both sides of the feeding point, wherein the radiation unit disposed on the first side of the feeding point is an even number, and each of the two radiating units disposed on the first side of the feeding point is symmetric in the width direction of the substrate The feeding point is centrally disposed in the width direction of the substrate, and the feeding point is separated from the connecting line of the radiating unit disposed on the first side of the feeding point toward both sides in the width direction of the substrate, and the feeding line is from the feeding point to the length of the substrate The direction is routed between the split lines and between the symmetrical radiating elements.

Further, the radiating unit may be a single-frequency dipole radiating unit or a dual-frequency dipole radiating unit, preferably the radiating unit is a dual-frequency dipole radiating unit, and each radiating unit includes a low-frequency radiating vibrator and a high Frequency radiating oscillator, wherein the high frequency radiating element is located outside the low frequency radiating element.

Further, the end of the low frequency radiation vibrator in the radiation unit has a curved shape.

Further, one end of the substrate with the feeder line is provided with a through hole in the substrate width direction, and the feeder line is routed to the through hole and passes through the through hole. The holes serve to fix the feeder. The feed line is centered to prevent the feed line from being offset to the sides by either the radiating element or the parallel double line.

In order to reduce the size of the opening line, preferably, two radiating elements are disposed on the first side of the feeding point, and one or two radiating units disposed on the second side of the feeding point are disposed on the first side of the feeding point. The two radiating elements are symmetrical with each other in the width direction of the substrate, and the two parallel double wires connecting the two radiating elements on the first side of the feeding point and the feeding point are respectively directed from the feeding point to the width direction of the substrate. The two sides are obliquely routed, and the feeder line runs along the longitudinal direction of the substrate from the feeding point to the first side of the feeding point. .

Further, a through hole is disposed in the left and right sides of the lower end of the substrate, and the feeding line is routed downward to the through hole and passes through the through hole. As an option, the radiation unit disposed on the second side of the feeding point is one, and the radiation unit disposed on the first side of the feeding point is centrally disposed on the left and right sides of the substrate, respectively connected to the feeding point and first set at the feeding point. Two parallel double lines of the two radiating elements on the side and a parallel double line connecting the feed point and one radiating element on the second side of the feed point form a Y-shaped feed.

Further, a matching regulator is provided on a connection line for connecting the parallel double wires of the radiation unit disposed on the second side of the feeding point.

Further, the vibrating arm of the low-frequency radiation vibrator of the radiating element disposed on the second side of the feeding point away from the feeding point is a closed structure.

Alternatively, two radiating elements are symmetrically disposed above and below the feeding point, and four parallel double wires respectively connecting the four feeding units constitute an X-shaped feeding portion.

In order to increase the power of the antenna, preferably, the radiation units disposed on the first side of the feeding point are two groups, and the radiation units disposed on the second side of the feeding point are one or two groups, and are disposed on the first side of the feeding point. And each set of radiating elements on the second side comprises at least two radiating elements arranged along the length direction of the substrate, and the two sets of radiating elements disposed on the first side of the feeding point are symmetric with each other in the width direction of the substrate for being disposed at the feeding point Two or two sets of parallel double wires connected to the feeding point on the first side are obliquely inclined from the feeding point to the two sides in the width direction of the substrate, and the feeding line is from the feeding point to the length of the substrate. Trace the line along the first side of the feed point.

Further, the radiating elements are all single-frequency dipole radiating units, or all dual-frequency dipole radiating units, or both single-frequency dipole radiating units and dual-frequency dipole radiating units.

Further, the high frequency radiation vibrator in the dual frequency dipole radiation unit is located outside the low frequency radiation vibrator.

Further, the end of the low frequency radiation vibrator in the dual frequency dipole radiation unit has a curved shape.

As an option, the radiation units disposed on the second side of the feeding point are two groups, respectively set at the feeding point first, Each of the four sets of radiating elements on the second side includes two radiating elements, and the two radiating elements in each group are connected by parallel double wires through the intra-group connection, and the two ends of the parallel connecting double wires are respectively connected at one end. a set of two sets of radiating elements disposed on the second side of the feeding point is connected with a midpoint of parallel double lines; respectively, the feeding point and the two sets of radiating elements disposed on the first side of the feeding point are connected in parallel The two parallel double lines at the midpoint of the double line form a Y-shaped feed portion with a parallel double line connecting the feed point and the midpoint of the parallel double line.

Alternatively, the radiation unit disposed on the second side of the feeding point is two groups, and each of the four groups of radiation units respectively disposed on the first and second sides of the feeding point includes two radiation units, each group The two radiating elements in the group are connected by a parallel double wire through the intra-group connection, and the in-group connection of the feeding point and the four sets of radiating elements is respectively connected to the four parallel double lines of the midpoint of the parallel double line to form an X-shaped feeding portion.

As a third option, the radiation units disposed on the second side of the feeding point are a group, and the group of radiation units disposed on the second side of the feeding point are centrally disposed in the width direction of the substrate, respectively, and are respectively disposed at the feeding point. 1. The radiating elements in each of the three groups of radiating elements on the second side are connected in series by parallel two wires, respectively connecting the feeding point and the two parallel double wires of the last two radiating elements on the first side of the feeding point and the connecting feed The electrical point and a parallel double line of the nearest radiating element on the second side of the feed point form a Y-shaped feed.

Further, a matching regulator is disposed on one of the parallel double wires connecting the nearest radiating elements on the second side of the feeding point.

Further, the vibrating arm of the low frequency radiating element of the radiating unit farthest from the second side of the feeding point away from the feeding point is a closed structure.

As a fourth option, the radiation units disposed on the second side of the feeding point are two groups, and each of the four groups of radiation units respectively disposed on the first and second sides of the feeding point passes through the parallel double line. In parallel, the parallel double lines connecting the feeding points to the four radiating elements closest to the first and second sides of the feeding point respectively constitute an X-shaped feeding portion.

Further, a through hole is disposed in the left and right sides of the lower end of the substrate, and the feeding line is routed downward to the through hole and passes through the through hole. The holes serve to fix the feeder. The feed line is centered to prevent the feed line from being offset to the sides by either the radiating element or the parallel double line.

In the above solution, the antenna of the present invention is a printed circuit board type dipole antenna, and the main radiator of the antenna is printed on both sides of the PCB substrate. The feeder is soldered to the feed point in such a manner that a small pad is provided at the feed point of the first surface of the PCB, and a large pad is provided at the feed point of the second surface 1B of the PCB. Coaxial wire feeding is used to feed through holes at the solder joints, and the coaxial core wires are soldered from the second surface through the through holes to the first surface small pads, and the coaxial wire braid is soldered to the second surface large pads. on.

The invention solves the problem that the current feed-through dual-frequency WIFI antenna feed line affects the performance of the antenna, and the high-gain antenna of the invention can realize the technical effect of small size and high gain of the antenna.

DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a common bottom feed antenna.

2 is a schematic structural view of a common feedforward antenna.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a PCB of a preferred embodiment of the antenna of the present invention.

Where: 1, PCB; 1A, PCB first surface; 1B, PCB second surface; 2, first radiating element; 3, second radiating element; 4, third radiating element; 5, inverted "Y" shaped feed 5A, inverted "Y" shaped feed part first surface; 5B, inverted "Y" shaped feed part second surface; 6, feed point; 7, 5G radiated vibrator; 7A, 5G radiated vibrator upper arm; 7B , 5G radiating oscillator lower arm; 8, 2.4G radiating vibrator; 9, through hole; 10, matching regulator.

Fig. 4 is a view showing an overall configuration of an antenna of the present invention.

Figure 5 shows the standing wave ratio of the 2.4G band.

Figure 6 is a 3D pattern of 2.45 GHz frequency.

Figure 7 is an E-plane pattern of the 2.45 GHz frequency (unit: dBi).

Figure 8 is a H-plane pattern of the 2.45 GHz frequency (unit: dBi).

Figure 9 is the 5G band standing wave ratio.

Figure 10 is a 3D pattern of 5.5 GHz frequency.

Fig. 11 is a view showing the E-plane pattern of the 5.5 GHz frequency (unit: dBi).

Fig. 12 is a H-plane pattern of the 5.5 GHz frequency (unit: dBi).

Figure 13 is an exemplary model employing an X-shaped feed.

detailed description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention mainly relates to a printed circuit board type dipole antenna, which adopts a medium feed mode. As a whole, the radiation unit is arranged substantially symmetrically in the longitudinal direction of the substrate with the feeding point as the center. The radiating elements may be three, four, six, seven, eight ..., each radiating element may be a single-vibrator radiating unit or a double-vibrator radiating unit, and the vibrating arm of the radiating vibrator may be a linear vibrating arm, It can be a bending arm. The following examples illustrate the structural characteristics of different numbers and different frequency radiating elements.

Example 1

Referring to Figures 3-4, as an example, a dual-band high gain PCB antenna covering the 2.4G band and the 5G band will be described. The antenna prints the main radiator on the PCB substrate 1. The PCB substrate is made of PTFE, and has a length of 75 mm and a thickness of 0.75 mm.

The antenna comprises three dual-frequency radiating elements, the radiating element 2 is on the upper half of the PCB (the second side of the feeding point), and the radiating element 3 and the radiating element 4 are symmetric on the left and right sides of the lower half of the PCB (the first side of the feeding point) distributed. Each radiating element comprises a first frequency (eg 2.4G) radiating element 8 and a second frequency (eg 5G) radiating element 7, each radiating element length being a quarter wavelength of the corresponding frequency value, the low frequency radiating element (example 2.4 G) Near the inside of the PCB, the high-frequency radiating oscillator (Example 5G) is close to the outside of the PCB. The end of the low frequency radiating element is bent to reduce the length of the PCB while the length of the vibrator is constant. The upper arm 7A and the lower arm 7B of each radiating element are spaced apart by 0.5 to 2 mm (recommended value: 1 mm). The first frequency (example 2.4G) radiating vibrator 8 has a trace width of 0.5 to 1 mm (recommended 0.5 mm), and the second frequency (example 5G) radiating vibrator 7 has a trace width of 1 to 2 mm (recommended 1.2 mm).

The upper ends of the upper arms of the low frequency radiating elements of the upper half of the radiating element 2 are connected to form a closed structure.

The upper half of the radiating element 2 and the lower half of the radiating elements 3, 4 are connected by an inverted "Y" shaped feeding portion 5, and the printing position of the first surface 5A of the inverted "Y" shaped feeding portion and the inverted "Y" shape The printing position of the second surface 5B of the power feeding portion overlaps in the normal direction of the substrate. The width of the first surface 5A of the inverted "Y"-shaped feeding portion is recommended to be 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and the width of the second surface of the inverted "Y"-shaped feeding portion 5B is recommended to be 0.7 to 0.9 mm. The inverted "Y" shaped feed portion 5 has a height of about 38 mm. By designing the inverted "Y" shaped feed portion 5, when the coaxial feed line is routed in the vertical downward direction, direct contact with the power feeding portion can be avoided, and performance deterioration due to the influence of the coaxial feed line can be greatly reduced.

The feed point 6 is disposed 2 to 4 mm above the center position of the inverted "Y" shaped feed portion 5. This feeding method eliminates the requirement that the distance between the upper half and the lower half of the radiating element satisfies nλ/2, and only needs to satisfy the length of the parallel double line of the feeding point to each radiating element, so that the upper half can be The distance between the partial and the lower half of the radiating element is appropriately reduced, thereby achieving the effect of shortening the length of the PCB. In this example, the distance between the upper half and the lower half of the radiating element is 38 mm.

A small pad is disposed at the feed point of the first surface 1A of the PCB, and a large pad is disposed at the feed point of the second surface 1B of the PCB. Coaxial wire feeding is used to feed through holes at the solder joints, and the coaxial core wires are soldered from the second surface through the through holes to the first surface small pads, and the coaxial wire braid is soldered to the second surface large pads. on.

A square matching adjuster 10 is disposed on the upper portion of the second surface 5B of the inverted "Y" shaped feeding portion. By changing the length and width of the matching adjuster 10, the impedance and bandwidth of the antenna can be conveniently adjusted, especially for the high frequency portion (for example) 5G) The effect is obvious. It is recommended here that the size of the matching adjuster 10 is 10 mm x 3 mm.

A through hole 9 is disposed at the lower end of the PCB substrate, and the feed line is passed through the through hole 9, thereby fixing the position of the feeder line, thereby avoiding the situation in which the feeder line is disturbed and the antenna consistency is deteriorated. Figure 4b is a model with a coaxial feed and a full antenna model with an example housing.

Figure 5-12 shows the simulation results of the typical example of the antenna shown in Figure 3-4, where the Z-axis direction is along the long axis of the antenna, the E-plane is a plane parallel to the long axis of the antenna, and the X-plane is perpendicular to the length of the antenna. The face of the shaft. As can be seen from the results of the above typical example, the gain of 2.45 GHz can reach 2.85 dBi, and the bandwidth of the standing wave ratio less than 2 can reach 300 MHz. The 5.5 GHz gain is up to 7.15 dBi, and the VSWR is less than 2 and the bandwidth is up to 1.9 GHz. In the case of a small size, the two frequency bands are well integrated, and both gain and bandwidth characteristics are obtained in both frequency bands. At the same time, by designing the inverted "Y" shaped feeding part and the perforated fixed feeding line, the influence of the feeding line on the performance of the antenna is avoided.

Example 2

Referring to Fig. 13, similarly to the embodiment 1, the antenna of the present embodiment also prints the main radiator on the PCB substrate 1. The PCB substrate is made of PTFE, the length is 75 mm, and the thickness is 0.75 mm.

In this example, the antenna comprises four dual-frequency radiating elements, and the radiating elements 21, 22 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the upper half of the PCB, and the radiating elements 23, 24 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the lower half of the PCB. Each radiating element comprises a first frequency (eg 2.4G) radiating element 8 and a second frequency (eg 5G) radiating element 7, each radiating element length being a quarter wavelength of the corresponding frequency value, the low frequency radiating element (example 2.4 G) Near the inside of the PCB, the high-frequency radiating oscillator (Example 5G) is close to the outside of the PCB. The end of the low frequency radiating element is bent to reduce the length of the PCB while the length of the vibrator is constant. The upper arm 7A and the lower arm 7B of each radiating element are spaced apart by 0.5 to 2 mm (recommended value: 1 mm). The first frequency (example 2.4G) radiating vibrator 8 has a trace width of 0.5 to 1 mm (recommended 0.5 mm), and the second frequency (example 5G) radiating vibrator 7 has a trace width of 1 to 2 mm (recommended 1.2 mm).

The two radiating elements 21, 22 of the upper half and the two radiating elements 23, 24 of the lower half are connected by an "X" shaped feed portion 25, the printing position of the first surface 25A of the "X" shaped feed portion and " The printing position of the X-shaped feed portion second surface 25B overlaps in the substrate normal direction. The "X" shaped feed portion first surface 25A has a recommended width of 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and the "X" shaped feed portion has a second surface 25B with a recommended width of 0.7 to 0.9 mm. The "X" shaped feed portion 25 has a height of about 38 mm. Through the design of the "X" shaped feed portion 25, when the coaxial feed line is routed in the vertical downward direction, direct contact with the power feeding portion can be avoided, and performance deterioration due to the influence of the coaxial feed line can be greatly reduced.

The feed point 6 is disposed at the intersection of the "X" shaped feed portion 25, and the four arm lengths of the "X" shaped feed portion 25 are equal. This feeding method eliminates the requirement that the distance between the upper half and the lower half of the radiating element satisfies nλ/2, and only needs to satisfy the length of the parallel double line of the feeding point to each radiating element, so that the upper half can be The distance between the partial and the lower half of the radiating element is appropriately reduced, thereby achieving the effect of shortening the length of the PCB. In this example, the distance between the upper half and the lower half of the radiating element is 38 mm.

A small pad is disposed at the feed point of the first surface 1A of the PCB, and a large pad is disposed at the feed point of the second surface 1B of the PCB. The coaxial wire is used for feeding, and the through hole is punched at the solder joint. The coaxial core wire is soldered from the second surface through the through hole on the first surface small pad, and the coaxial wire braid is soldered on the second surface large pad.

A through hole 9 is disposed at the lower end of the PCB substrate, and the feed line is passed through the through hole 9, thereby fixing the position of the feeder line, thereby avoiding the situation in which the feeder line is disturbed and the antenna consistency is deteriorated.

Example 3

Similar to Embodiment 2, the antenna of this embodiment also prints the main radiator on the PCB substrate 1, and also includes four dual-frequency radiation units. The first and second radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the upper half of the PCB, and the third and fourth radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the lower half of the PCB. Each radiating element comprises a first frequency (eg 2.4G) radiating element 8 and a second frequency (eg 5G) radiating element 7, each radiating element length being a quarter wavelength of the corresponding frequency value, the low frequency radiating element (example 2.4 G) Near the inside of the PCB, the high-frequency radiating oscillator (Example 5G) is close to the outside of the PCB. The end of the low frequency radiating element is bent to reduce the length of the PCB while the length of the vibrator is constant. The upper and lower arms of the vibrator of each radiating element are separated by 0.5 to 2 mm (recommended value: 1 mm). The first frequency (example 2.4G) radiating vibrator 8 has a trace width of 0.5 to 1 mm (recommended 0.5 mm), and the second frequency (example 5G) radiating vibrator 7 has a trace width of 1 to 2 mm (recommended 1.2 mm).

The two radiating elements of the upper half and the two radiating elements of the lower half are connected by a four-arm feeding portion, the printing position of the first surface of the four-arm feeding portion and the printing position of the second surface of the four-arm feeding portion Overlapping in the normal direction of the substrate. The width of the first surface of the four-arm feeder is recommended to be 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and the width of the second surface of the four-arm feeder is recommended to be 0.7 to 0.9 mm. The height of the four-arm power feeding unit 25 is about 38 mm.

The four-arm feeding portion includes two left-right symmetric upper arms coupled to each other at the lower end and two left-right symmetrically disposed lower arms coupled to each other at the lower end, and a coupling point of the two upper arms and a coupling point of the two lower arms pass through the middle section Vertical connection segments are connected. The feed point 6 is located at the lower end of the vertical connection section. This feeding method eliminates the requirement that the distance between the upper half and the lower half of the radiating element satisfies nλ/2, and only needs to satisfy the length of the parallel double line of the feeding point to each radiating element, so that the upper half can be The distance between the partial and the lower half of the radiating element is appropriately reduced, thereby achieving the effect of shortening the length of the PCB.

A square matching adjuster 10 is disposed on the vertical connecting section of the second arm surface 35B of the four-arm feeder. By changing the length and width of the matching adjuster 10, the antenna impedance and bandwidth can be conveniently adjusted.

In this example, a small pad is provided at the feed point of the first surface 1A of the PCB, and a large pad is provided at the feed point of the second surface 1B of the PCB. The coaxial wire is used for feeding, and the through hole is punched at the solder joint. The coaxial core wire is soldered from the second surface through the through hole on the first surface small pad, and the coaxial wire braid is soldered on the second surface large pad.

A through hole 9 is provided at the lower end of the PCB, and the feed line is passed through the through hole 9, thereby fixing the position of the feed line, thereby avoiding the situation in which the feeder line is disturbed and the antenna consistency is deteriorated.

Example 4

Similar to the embodiment 1, the antenna of the embodiment also prints the main radiator on the PCB substrate 1, and also includes three radiation units. The first radiation unit is centered on the upper half of the PCB, and the second and third radiations are The unit is symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the lower half of the PCB. The difference is that each radiating element is a single-frequency radiating element and contains only one frequency of radiating elements. The length of the radiation array is 1/4 medium wavelength corresponding to the frequency value, and the end of the radiation vibrator is bent to reduce the length of the PCB when the length of the vibrator is constant. The upper and lower arms of the vibrator of each radiating element are separated by 0.5 to 2 mm (recommended value: 1 mm).

One radiating element of the upper half and two radiating elements of the lower half are connected by an inverted "Y" shaped feeding portion 5, the printing position of the first surface 5A of the inverted "Y" shaped feeding portion and the inverted "Y" The printing position of the second surface 5B of the shape feeding portion overlaps in the normal direction of the substrate. The width of the first surface 5A of the inverted "Y"-shaped feeding portion is recommended to be 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and the width of the second surface of the inverted "Y"-shaped feeding portion 5B is recommended to be 0.7 to 0.9 mm.

The feed point 6 is disposed 2 to 4 mm above the center position of the inverted "Y" shaped feed portion 5. This feeding method eliminates the requirement that the distance between the upper half and the lower half of the radiating element satisfies nλ/2, and only needs to satisfy the length of the parallel double line of the feeding point to each radiating element, so that the upper half can be The distance between the partial and the lower half of the radiating element is appropriately reduced, thereby achieving the effect of shortening the length of the PCB.

A small pad is disposed at the feed point of the first surface 1A of the PCB, and a large pad is disposed at the feed point of the second surface 1B of the PCB. Coaxial wire feeding is used to feed through holes at the solder joints, and the coaxial core wires are soldered from the second surface through the through holes to the first surface small pads, and the coaxial wire braid is soldered to the second surface large pads. on.

A square matching adjuster 10 is disposed on the upper portion of the second surface 5B of the inverted "Y" shaped feeding portion. By changing the length and width of the matching adjuster 10, the impedance and bandwidth of the antenna can be conveniently adjusted, especially for the high frequency portion (for example) 5G) The effect is obvious. A through hole 9 is disposed at the lower end of the PCB substrate, and the feed line is passed through the through hole 9, thereby fixing the position of the feeder line, thereby avoiding the situation in which the feeder line is disturbed and the antenna consistency is deteriorated.

Example 5

Similar to the embodiment 2, the antenna of the embodiment also prints the main radiator on the PCB substrate 1, and also includes four radiation units, and the first and second radiation units are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the upper half of the PCB. The third and fourth radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the lower half of the PCB. The difference is that each radiating element is a single-frequency radiation single The element contains only one frequency of the radiating element. The length of the radiation array is 1/4 medium wavelength corresponding to the frequency value, and the end of the radiation vibrator is bent to reduce the length of the PCB when the length of the vibrator is constant. The upper and lower arms of the vibrator of each radiating element are separated by 0.5 to 2 mm (recommended value: 1 mm).

The two radiating elements of the upper half and the two radiating elements of the lower half are connected by an "X" shaped feed portion 25, the printing position of the first surface 25A of the "X" shaped feed portion and the "X" shaped feed The printing position of the second surface 25B of the electric portion overlaps in the normal direction of the substrate. The "X" shaped feed portion first surface 25A has a recommended width of 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and the "X" shaped feed portion has a second surface 25B with a recommended width of 0.7 to 0.9 mm.

The feed point 6 is disposed at the intersection of the "X" shaped feed portion 25, and the four arm lengths of the "X" shaped feed portion 25 are equal. This feeding method eliminates the requirement that the distance between the upper half and the lower half of the radiating element satisfies nλ/2, and only needs to satisfy the length of the parallel double line of the feeding point to each radiating element, so that the upper half can be The distance between the partial and the lower half of the radiating element is appropriately reduced, thereby achieving the effect of shortening the length of the PCB. A small pad is disposed at the feed point of the first surface 1A of the PCB, and a large pad is disposed at the feed point of the second surface 1B of the PCB. The coaxial wire is used for feeding, and the through hole is punched at the solder joint. The coaxial core wire is soldered from the second surface through the through hole on the first surface small pad, and the coaxial wire braid is soldered on the second surface large pad.

A through hole 9 is disposed at the lower end of the PCB substrate, and the feed line is passed through the through hole 9, thereby fixing the position of the feeder line, thereby avoiding the situation in which the feeder line is disturbed and the antenna consistency is deteriorated.

Example 6

Similar to the embodiment 4, the antenna of the embodiment also prints the main radiator on the PCB substrate 1, except that it comprises six radiating elements, and the first and second radiating elements are centrally disposed on the left and right sides of the PCB substrate. The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the lower half of the PCB. The first and second radiating elements are connected in series by a vertical parallel double line, and the third and fifth radiating elements on the left side are connected in series through a vertical parallel double line, and the fourth and sixth parts are located on the right side. The radiating elements are connected in series by a vertical parallel double line.

The second radiating unit of the upper half of the substrate and the third and fourth radiating elements of the lower half are connected by an inverted "Y" shaped feeding portion 5, the printing position of the first surface 5A of the inverted "Y" shaped feeding portion The printing position of the second surface 5B of the inverted "Y"-shaped power feeding portion overlaps in the normal direction of the substrate. The width of the first surface 5A of the inverted "Y"-shaped feeding portion is recommended to be 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and the width of the second surface of the inverted "Y"-shaped feeding portion 5B is recommended to be 0.7 to 0.9 mm. The feeding point 6 is disposed at a position 2 to 4 mm above the center position of the inverted "Y"-shaped feeding portion 5, and the feeder line is vertically routed from the feeding point downward.

Each radiating element is a single-frequency radiating element that contains only one frequency of radiating elements. The length of the radiation array is 1/4 medium wavelength corresponding to the frequency value, and the end of the radiation vibrator is bent to reduce the length of the PCB when the length of the vibrator is constant. The upper and lower arms of the vibrator of each radiating element are separated by 0.5 to 2 mm (recommended value: 1 mm).

Example 7

Similar to the embodiment 6, the antenna of the embodiment also prints the main radiator on the PCB substrate 1, and also includes six radiation units. The first and second radiation units are centrally disposed on the left and right sides of the PCB substrate, and the third The fourth, fifth, and sixth radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the lower half of the PCB. The first and second radiating elements are connected in series by a vertical parallel double line, and the third and fifth radiating elements on the left side are connected in series through a vertical parallel double line, and the fourth and sixth parts are located on the right side. The radiating elements are connected in series by a vertical parallel double line.

The second radiating unit of the upper half of the substrate and the third and fourth radiating elements of the lower half are connected by an inverted "Y" shaped feeding portion 5, the printing position of the first surface 5A of the inverted "Y" shaped feeding portion The printing position of the second surface 5B of the inverted "Y"-shaped power feeding portion overlaps in the normal direction of the substrate. The width of the first surface 5A of the inverted "Y"-shaped feeding portion is recommended to be 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and the width of the second surface of the inverted "Y"-shaped feeding portion 5B is recommended to be 0.7 to 0.9 mm. The feeding point 6 is disposed at a position 2 to 4 mm above the center position of the inverted "Y"-shaped feeding portion 5, and the feeder line is vertically routed from the feeding point downward.

The difference from Embodiment 6 is that each radiating element is a dual-frequency radiating unit, that is, each radiating element includes a first frequency (example 2.4G) radiating element 8 and a second frequency (example 5G) radiating element 7, each Radiation array length is For the 1/4 medium wavelength of the corresponding frequency value, the low-frequency radiating oscillator (example 2.4G) is close to the inner side of the PCB, and the high-frequency radiating vibrator (example 5G) is close to the outer side of the PCB. The end of the low frequency radiation vibrator is bent. The upper and lower arms of the vibrator of each radiating element are separated by 0.5 to 2 mm (recommended value: 1 mm).

Example 8

Similar to Embodiment 7, the antenna of the present embodiment also prints the main radiator on the PCB substrate 1, except that it includes eight radiating elements, and the first to fourth radiating elements are symmetric on the left and right sides of the upper half of the PCB substrate. Distribution, the fifth to eighth radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the lower half of the PCB. The first and third radiating elements on the upper left side are connected in series through the vertical parallel double lines, and the second and fourth radiating elements on the upper right side are connected in series through the vertical parallel double lines, on the lower left side. The fifth and seventh radiating elements are connected in series by a vertical parallel double line, and the sixth and eighth radiating elements located on the lower right side are connected in series through a vertical parallel double line.

The third and fourth radiating elements at the lowermost portion of the upper half of the substrate and the fifth and sixth radiating elements at the uppermost portion of the lower half are connected by an "X" shaped feeding portion 25, and the "X" shaped feeding portion is first The printing position of the surface 25A and the printing position of the "X"-shaped feeding portion second surface 25B overlap in the substrate normal direction. The "X" shaped feed portion first surface 25A has a recommended width of 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and the "X" shaped feed portion has a second surface 25B with a recommended width of 0.7 to 0.9 mm. The feed point 6 is disposed at the intersection of the "X" shaped feed portion 25, and the four arm lengths of the "X" shaped feed portion 25 are equal. The feeder is routed vertically from the feed point.

Each radiating element is a single-frequency radiating element that contains only one frequency of radiating elements. The length of the radiation array is 1/4 medium wavelength corresponding to the frequency value, and the end of the radiation vibrator is bent to reduce the length of the PCB when the length of the vibrator is constant. The upper and lower arms of the vibrator of each radiating element are separated by 0.5 to 2 mm (recommended value: 1 mm).

Example 9

Similar to the embodiment 8, the antenna of the embodiment also prints the main radiator on the PCB substrate 1 and includes eight radiating elements. The first to fourth radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the upper half of the PCB substrate. The fifth to eighth radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the lower half of the PCB. The first and third radiating elements on the upper left side are connected in series through the vertical parallel double lines, and the second and fourth radiating elements on the upper right side are connected in series through the vertical parallel double lines, on the lower left side. The fifth and seventh radiating elements are connected in series by a vertical parallel double line, and the sixth and eighth radiating elements located on the lower right side are connected in series through a vertical parallel double line.

The third and fourth radiating elements at the lowermost portion of the upper half of the substrate and the fifth and sixth radiating elements at the uppermost portion of the lower half are connected by an "X" shaped feeding portion 25, and the "X" shaped feeding portion is first The printing position of the surface 25A and the printing position of the "X"-shaped feeding portion second surface 25B overlap in the substrate normal direction. The "X" shaped feed portion first surface 25A has a recommended width of 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and the "X" shaped feed portion has a second surface 25B with a recommended width of 0.7 to 0.9 mm. The feed point 6 is disposed at the intersection of the "X" shaped feed portion 25, and the four arm lengths of the "X" shaped feed portion 25 are equal. The feeder is routed vertically from the feed point.

The difference from Embodiment 8 is that each radiating element is a dual-frequency radiating unit, that is, each radiating element includes a first frequency (example 2.4G) radiating element 8 and a second frequency (example 5G) radiating element 7, each The length of the radiation array is 1/4 medium wavelength corresponding to the frequency value, the low frequency radiation oscillator (example 2.4G) is close to the inner side of the PCB, and the high frequency radiation oscillator (example 5G) is close to the outer side of the PCB. The end of the low frequency radiation vibrator is bent. The upper and lower arms of the vibrator of each radiating element are separated by 0.5 to 2 mm (recommended value: 1 mm).

Example 10

Similar to the embodiment 9, the antenna of the embodiment also prints the main radiator on the PCB substrate 1 and includes eight radiating elements. The first to fourth radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the upper half of the PCB substrate. The fifth to eighth radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the lower half of the PCB. The first and third radiation units on the upper left side are the first group, the second and fourth radiation units on the upper right side are the second group, and the fifth and seventh radiation units on the lower left side are the third group. , the fourth group of the sixth and eighth radiating elements on the lower right side, two radiating elements in each group Connected in parallel by a vertical pair of parallel lines.

The intra-group connection of the first set of radiating elements in the upper half of the substrate is connected to the in-group connection of the first set of radiating elements by the midpoint of the first set of radiating elements by a parallel double line through a horizontal inter-group connection.

The inter-group connection of the upper half of the substrate is performed by the midpoint of the parallel double line, the midpoint of the parallel double line connecting the third group of radiating elements, and the midpoint of the parallel double line connecting the fourth group of radiating elements. The inverted "Y" shaped feeds are connected, and the feed distance from the feed point to the eight radiating elements is equal. The feeder is routed vertically from the feed point.

Each radiating element is a dual-frequency radiating unit or a single-frequency radiating unit, or a part of the radiating unit uses a dual-frequency radiating unit, and another part of the radiating unit uses a single-frequency radiating unit.

Example 11

Similar to the embodiment 10, the antenna of the embodiment also prints the main radiator on the PCB substrate 1 and includes eight radiating elements. The first to fourth radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the upper half of the PCB substrate. The fifth to eighth radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the lower half of the PCB. The first and third radiation units on the upper left side are the first group, the second and fourth radiation units on the upper right side are the second group, and the fifth and seventh radiation units on the lower left side are the third group. The fourth group of the sixth and eighth radiating elements located at the lower right side, and the two radiating elements in each group are connected in series by parallel parallel lines through the vertical intra-group connection.

The only difference from Embodiment 10 is that the first and second sets of radiating elements are not directly connected. The midpoint of the parallel double line connecting the first group of radiating elements, the midpoint of the parallel double line connecting the second group of radiating elements, the midpoint of the parallel double line connecting the third group of radiating elements, and the fourth The four points of the parallel two-wire connection in the group of radiating elements are connected by an "X"-shaped feeder, and the feeding point is set at the intersection of the "X"-shaped feeders, the "X"-shaped feeder The four arms are of equal length. The feeder is routed vertically from the feed point.

As in the embodiment 10, each of the radiating elements is a dual-frequency radiating unit or a single-frequency radiating unit, or a part of the radiating elements is a dual-frequency radiating unit, and the other part of the radiating unit is a single-frequency radiating unit.

Compared with Embodiments 6-9, the connection manner adopted in Embodiments 10-11 can ensure that the feeding point to the same path of each radiating element is the same, and the signals of the respective radiating elements are of the same phase, and the condition of nλ/2 does not need to be satisfied.

It can be understood that the antenna of the present invention can be made of various conventional materials such as FR4 and CEM1, or other available substrates. When using different materials, it is only necessary to finely adjust the size of the radiator. However, the use of a substrate with poor loss characteristics may result in a decrease in gain. As an example, the above is a design according to the WiFi band. It is not difficult to think that the antenna size can be adjusted according to a certain ratio, and it can work in other frequency bands.

The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

1. The feeding point is centered, shortening the length of the parallel double line of the feeding part, and bending the end of the low-frequency radiation vibrator to further shorten the length of the antenna, which is beneficial to miniaturization of the product.

2. The radiating elements below the feeding point are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides, and the parallel double lines connected with the radiating elements below the feeding point are divided to the left and right sides, and the feeding line is routed downward from the blank space directly below the feeding point to avoid The direct contact with the parallel two lines avoids the influence of the feeder on the performance of the antenna, ensures the stability and consistency of the antenna performance, and achieves high gain of the antenna.

3. A matching adjuster is designed on the upper surface of the second surface of the inverted "Y" shaped feeding portion. By changing the length and width of the matching regulator, the antenna impedance and bandwidth can be conveniently adjusted. The example proves that a wider bandwidth can be obtained by adjusting the optimization.

4. The feeder is fixed by passing the feeder through the substrate to ensure the stability of the antenna.

5. Through software simulation, the utility model antenna can obtain higher gain and wider bandwidth in a smaller size.

6. Through the actual sample test, the test results are stable, the consistency is good, and the influence of the feeder is small.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. A person skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or in a similar manner, without departing from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims. .

Claims (17)

A high-gain antenna comprising at least three radiating elements, each radiating unit being connected to a feeding point by a parallel two-wire, individually or in groups, wherein the radiating elements are respectively disposed on both sides of the feeding point in the length direction of the substrate Wherein the radiating elements disposed on the first side of the feeding point are an even number, and each of the radiating elements disposed on the first side of the feeding point is symmetric in the substrate width direction, and the feeding point is centered in the substrate width direction Providing that the feeding point and the connecting line of the radiating unit disposed on the first side of the feeding point are split toward both sides in the width direction of the substrate, and the feeding line is from the feeding point to the length of the substrate from the split connecting line and Trace the lines between the symmetrical radiating elements. The high gain antenna according to claim 1, wherein said radiating elements are dual frequency dipole radiating elements, each radiating element comprising a low frequency radiating element and a high frequency radiating element, wherein the high frequency radiating element is located at low frequency radiation Outside the vibrator. The high gain antenna according to claim 2, wherein the end of the low frequency radiating element in the radiating element has a curved shape. The high-gain antenna according to claim 1, wherein one end of the substrate having a feeder trace is centrally provided with a through hole in a width direction of the substrate, and the feed line is routed to the through hole and passes through the through hole. . The high-gain antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiation unit disposed on the first side of the feeding point is two, and the radiation unit disposed on the second side of the feeding point is one or two, and is disposed in the feeding. The two radiating elements on the first side of the electric point are symmetrical with each other in the width direction of the substrate, and the two parallel double lines connecting the two radiating elements on the first side of the feeding point and the feeding point are respectively from the feeding point. The traces are obliquely inclined to both sides in the width direction of the substrate, and the feed lines are routed from the feed point to the first side of the feed point along the longitudinal direction of the substrate. The high gain antenna according to claim 5, wherein the radiating elements disposed on the second side of the feeding point are one, and the radiating elements disposed on the second side of the feeding point are centrally disposed in the width direction of the substrate, respectively connected The feed point and two parallel double lines of the two radiating elements arranged on the first side of the feed point and a parallel double line connecting the feed point and a radiating element on the second side of the feed point form a Y-shaped feed. The high gain antenna according to claim 6, wherein a matching adjuster is provided on a connecting line for connecting the parallel double lines of the radiating elements disposed on the second side of the feeding point. The high gain antenna according to claim 6, wherein the vibrating arm of the low frequency radiating element of the radiating element disposed on the second side of the feeding point away from the feeding point is of a closed structure. The high gain antenna according to claim 5, wherein two radiating elements disposed on the second side of the feeding point are symmetrical, and the two radiating elements disposed on the second side of the feeding point are symmetrical to each other in the substrate width direction. And connecting four parallel double wires of a total of four radiation units disposed on the first and second sides of the feeding point to form an X-shaped feeding portion. The high-gain antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiation units disposed on the first side of the feeding point are two groups, and the radiation units disposed on the second side of the feeding point are one or two groups, and are respectively disposed in Feeding point first side and first Each set of radiating elements on the two sides includes at least two radiating elements arranged along the length direction of the substrate, and the two sets of radiating elements disposed on the first side of the feeding point are symmetric with each other in the width direction of the substrate, and are first set at the feeding point. Two or two sets of parallel double wires connected to the feeding point on the side are obliquely inclined from the feeding point to both sides in the width direction of the substrate, and the feeding line is fed from the feeding point to the length direction of the substrate. The first side of the electrical point is routed along a straight line. The high gain antenna according to claim 10, wherein said radiating elements are all single-frequency dipole radiating elements, or all of the dual-frequency dipole radiating elements, or both single-frequency dipole radiating elements And dual-frequency dipole radiating elements. The high-gain antenna according to claim 10, wherein the radiation units disposed on the second side of the feeding point are two groups, each of which is disposed in a total of four groups of radiation units on the first and second sides of the feeding point. The group includes two radiating elements, two radiating elements in each group are connected by parallel double wires through the intra-group connection, and two ends of the parallel connecting double wires are connected to the two groups disposed on the second side of the feeding point. The intra-group connection of the radiating elements is performed by using a midpoint of parallel double lines; respectively connecting the feeding point and the two parallel double lines connecting the midpoints of the parallel double lines in the group of the two sets of radiating elements disposed on the first side of the feeding point A parallel double line forming a midpoint of the parallel double line connecting the feed point and the group constitutes a Y-shaped feed portion. The high-gain antenna according to claim 10, wherein the radiation units disposed on the second side of the feeding point are two groups, each of which is disposed in a total of four groups of radiation units on the first and second sides of the feeding point. The group includes two radiating elements, and the two radiating elements in each group are connected by parallel double wires through the intra-group connection, respectively connecting the feeding points with the four sets of radiating elements in the group connecting four parallel pairs of the midpoints of the parallel double lines. The line constitutes an X-shaped feed unit. The high gain antenna according to claim 10, wherein the radiating elements disposed on the second side of the feeding point are a group, and the group of radiating elements disposed on the second side of the feeding point are centered in the width direction of the substrate Setting, respectively, in each of the three groups of radiating elements on the first and second sides of the feeding point, each radiating unit in each group is connected in series through parallel two wires, respectively connecting the feeding point and the last two disposed on the first side of the feeding point The two parallel double lines of the radiating elements form a Y-shaped feed portion with a parallel double line connecting the feed point and the nearest radiating element disposed on the second side of the feed point. The high gain antenna according to claim 14, wherein a matching regulator is provided on a connection line connecting the feed point and the parallel double line of the nearest radiation unit of the second side of the feed point. The high gain antenna according to claim 14, wherein the vibrating arm of the low frequency radiating element of the radiating element farthest from the second side of the feeding point away from the feeding point is in a closed structure. The high-gain antenna according to claim 10, wherein the radiation units disposed on the second side of the feeding point are two groups, each of which is disposed in a total of four groups of radiation units on the first and second sides of the feeding point. The radiating elements in the group are connected in series by parallel two wires, and the parallel double wires connecting the feeding points to the four radiating elements closest to the first and second sides of the feeding point respectively constitute an X-shaped feeding portion.

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