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WO2018191535A1 - Bague d'appui de garniture d'étanchéité multicouche à espaces d'extrusion fermés - Google Patents

Bague d'appui de garniture d'étanchéité multicouche à espaces d'extrusion fermés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018191535A1
WO2018191535A1 PCT/US2018/027359 US2018027359W WO2018191535A1 WO 2018191535 A1 WO2018191535 A1 WO 2018191535A1 US 2018027359 W US2018027359 W US 2018027359W WO 2018191535 A1 WO2018191535 A1 WO 2018191535A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gaps
ring
segments
assembly
mandrel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2018/027359
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andrew J. CAYSON
Alexander M. KENDALL
Guijun Deng
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baker Hughes Holdings LLC
Original Assignee
Baker Hughes Inc
Baker Hughes a GE Co LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baker Hughes Inc, Baker Hughes a GE Co LLC filed Critical Baker Hughes Inc
Publication of WO2018191535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018191535A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/129—Packers; Plugs with mechanical slips for hooking into the casing
    • E21B33/1293—Packers; Plugs with mechanical slips for hooking into the casing with means for anchoring against downward and upward movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
    • E21B33/1216—Anti-extrusion means, e.g. means to prevent cold flow of rubber packing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/128—Packers; Plugs with a member expanded radially by axial pressure

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is sealing systems for subterranean tools against tubular or open hole or cased hole and more particularly anti-extrusion barriers for low, medium and extended reach for a seal element.
  • frack packer a seal between the outer surface of a tubular string and the surrounding casing or borehole wall, below the zone being fractured, to prevent the pumped fluid and proppant from travelling further down the borehole into other production zones. Therefore, there is a need for multiple packers to provide isolation both above and below the multiple frack zones.
  • a packer typically consists of a cylindrical elastomeric element that is compressed axially, or set, from one end or both by gages within a backup system that cause the elastomer to expand radially and form a seal in the annular space.
  • Gages are compressed axially with various setting mechanisms, including mechanical tools from surface, hydraulic pistons, atmospheric chambers, etc. Setting typically requires a fixed end for the gages to push against. These fixed ends are often permanent features of a mandrel but can include a dynamic backup system. When compressed, the elastomeric seal has a tendency to extrude past the gages. Therefore, anti-extrusion backups have become common in the art.
  • anchoring of compression set packers is a common feature in the completion architecture. Anchoring is provided by wedge-shaped slips with teeth that ride up ramps or cones and bite into the casing before a packer is set. These systems are not part of the backup system nor are they designed to provide anti-extrusion. Often they are used in the setting of the packer to center the assembly which lowers the amount of axial force needed to fully set the elastomer seal.
  • anchoring systems are also useful for the life of the packer to provide a uniform extrusion gap, maintain location and help support the weight of a bottom-hole assembly in the case of coiled tubing frack jobs.
  • Anchors also prevent tube movement in jointed strings resulting from the cooling of the string by the frack fluid. Movement of the packers can cause them to leak and lose seal.
  • a backup ring with a common base has multiple rows of extending segments with gaps in one row offset circumferentially with gaps in an adjacent row.
  • the common base lends structural integrity to the backup ring design and reduces the risk that relative rotation can occur between adjacent rows that would tend to align the offset gaps from one row to the next.
  • An extrusion ring has a base from which multiple segmented rows of rings integrally extend. Gaps in one row are offset from the adjacent row to cover any gaps. The rows gain strength from a common base that also presents relative rotation among the rows.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a backup ring in a run in position
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the ring of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is the view along line 3-3 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is the view along line 4-4 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is an outside diameter view of the backup ring in an expanded position
  • FIG. 6 is an inside diameter view of the backup ring in the expanded position
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of the backup ring in the expanded position
  • FIG. 8 is a section view of a backup ring showing the layers of ring segments extending from a common base
  • FIG. 9 is an isometric view of the backup ring of FIG. 8
  • FIG. 10 is a section view of the backup ring of FIG. 8 in a run in position
  • FIG. 11 is the view of FIG. 10 in the set position
  • FIG. 12 is an expanded view of the view on FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 13 is an expanded view of the view in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 14 is a section view of a packer in the run in position using the backup ring
  • FIG. 15 is a set position of the view in FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 16 is an exterior view of the view in FIG. 15;
  • FIG. 17 is an alternative to the dog leg slot design in FIG. 1 using a dovetail configured to allow relative circumferential movement for an increase in diameter;
  • FIG. 18 is a close up view of FIG. 17 to show the dovetail has initial gaps to allow for the relative circumferential movement at the inside and the outside diameters;
  • FIG. 19 is the view of FIG. 17 after the diameters are increased
  • FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of FIG. 19 showing the dovetail acting as a relative circumferential movement travel stop and gap barrier at the same time.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate the juxtaposition of a sealing element 10 next to a backup ring 12.
  • FIG. 2 shows an end view of a continuous single ring 14 that can be disposed next to a sealing element 10.
  • Ring 14 has an inside diameter 16 and an outside diameter 18.
  • FIG. 2 shows a tapered or sloping side 24 and slots 20 and 22 that alternate as to the location of the long dimension of the 1-shaped slot. Sloping side 26 is not seen in FIG. 2 but is shown as FIG. 3 as well as the cylindrically shaped inside surface 28 that defines the inside diameter 16.
  • FIGS. 1 shows an end view of a continuous single ring 14 that can be disposed next to a sealing element 10.
  • Ring 14 has an inside diameter 16 and an outside diameter 18.
  • FIG. 2 shows a tapered or sloping side 24 and slots 20 and 22
  • slot 22 is a segment that goes to outside diameter 18 has a continuation slot segment 22' that is circumferentially offset a few degrees.
  • Slots 22 and 22' are at opposed ends of an oblong bore 22" that may have internal supports. Bore or opening 22" is seen at an opposite end at inside diameter 16 in FIG. 3. When ring 14 is increased in both inside diameter 16 and outside diameter 18 the bore undergoes hoop stress and comes apart at outside diameter 18 when outside diameter 18 grows as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the connecting bore 22" has sheared leaving surface 30 as a closing wall to a gap 32 that opens and into which the sealing element 34 can move.
  • Bores 20" are seen as alternating with bores 22" at the outside diameter 18 as seen in FIG. 1 and are seen at inside diameter 16 in FIG. 3 as connecting slots 20 and 20' in the run in condition.
  • FIG. 6 shows bores 20" sheared from hoop stress during radial expansion of inside diameter 16.
  • Surfaces 50 and 52 are presented respectively at the ends of widened slots 54 and 56 from the inside diameter 16 radial expansion.
  • a sealing element 58 will be blocked from passing surface 50 in the direction of arrow 62 or/and a sealing element 60 will be blocked by surface 52 when moving in the direction of arrow 64 under differential pressure that would otherwise allowed for extrusion in gaps closed at the inside diameter by surfaces 50 and 52 as a result of shearing of bores or openings 20" at inside dimension 28.
  • bores 22" do not shear as they are supported at that location by the ring structure unlike bores 20" that span slots 20 and 20' at inside dimension 28.
  • opposed surfaces 50 and 54 may separate circumferentially to leave a small gap or their ends can alternatively align or overlap and may also optionally involve a stop or overlap to limit the relative circumferential movement between surfaces such as 50 and 54 at inside surface 28 to insure that any gap such as 54 and 56 are fully closed at maximum condition for inside diameter 16.
  • a stop or overlap to limit the relative circumferential movement between surfaces such as 50 and 54 at inside surface 28 to insure that any gap such as 54 and 56 are fully closed at maximum condition for inside diameter 16.
  • outside diameter 18 shown in FIG. 5 where surfaces 30 and 40 circumferentially separate to an end position where there is overlap between them, a small gap or alignment between their ends so that there is no effective gap in the directions of arrows 36 and 44.
  • opposed surfaces 30 and 40 can have one or move travel stops 31 to limit the amount of relative circumferential movement to an overlapping position as shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 shows how surfaces 30 and 50 close off gaps 32 and 54 respectively when in the inside diameter 16 and the outside diameter 18 are increased. It also shows the short slot segments that make the 1-shape 70 and 72 that are there to reduce stress concentration at ends of opening gaps such as 32 and 54, for example.
  • FIG 12 is similar to FIG. 5 and represents the gaps closed with end walls 30 and 40 after the inside and outside diameters are enlarged, as previously described.
  • FIG. 13 is the view of FIG. 2 after the inside and outside diameters are enlarged graphically illustrating the alternating pattern of opened gaps on the inside diameter and the outside diameter with the extrusion gaps closed using a single ring that can grow in outside diameter, for example from 8.3 inches to 9.875 inches while closing extrusion paths.
  • FIGS. 17-20 are an alternative design using the concepts of the design in FIGS. 1-7 but instead of 1-shaped slots with a dog leg that starts out as a bore but then shears to create relative circumferential movement to produce end walls to close gaps that enlarge at the inside and the outside diameters, uses slots that are interacting dovetail shapes that alternatively start at the inside diameter and the outside diameter and do not go all the way through. Diameter enlargement at the inside and the outside diameters is enabled in a relative circumferential direction until one part of the dovetail closes an initial dovetail gap. The dovetail limits the ring gaps and acts as an extrusion barrier by its presence in those enlarging gaps that open alternatingly from the inside and outside diameters.
  • FIG. 17 and 18 show the initial gaps 80 between the male 82 and the female 84 components of each dovetail.
  • FIG. 20 shows gap 80 closed during diameter expansion at the inside and the outside diameters.
  • An extrusion gap such as 86 opens but the male component 84 is in that gap to close it up.
  • Bores 88 do not open on the outside diameter as between FIGS. 17 and 19 but on the inside diameter that is not shown for this variation there is relative circumferential movement until the counterpart dovetail on the inside diameter closes an initial dovetail gap that defines the end of relative circumferential movement where gaps open on the inside dimension.
  • FIGS. 17-20 are schematic and can illustrate the view at an outer diameter or an inner diameter.
  • the operating principle is the same as previously described for FIGS. 1-7 in that gaps altematingly open up in a circumferentially offset manner on the inside and the outside dimensions and the gaps so created are then closed to seal element extrusion.
  • a wall surface is interposed in the gap due to the alternating gaps opening up and in FIGS. 17-20 the dovetail itself allows the gaps to open up until slack in the dovetail is removed at which time the male portion of the dovetail is interposed in the gap to block it entirely or at least substantially.
  • FIGS. 14-16 show a typical packer in the run in and set positions using the ring 14 as a backup ring.
  • FIG. 16 graphically shows how the dog leg slots that open on the outside diameter block the extrusion of the sealing element as previously described. Details of the operation of the rings 90, 92 and 94 can be reviewed in US Application 14/989199 that is fully incorporated herein as if fully set forth. While that design featured alternating gaps opening on the inside diameter and the outside diameter, there was no feature of blocking the opened gaps against extrusion.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a backup ring design featuring a common base ring 100 that has multiple segmented rings 102 integrally extending therefrom, with 2-4 being preferred.
  • the segmented nature of each ring can be seen in FIG. 9 in the form of offset gaps 104 and 106 in adjacent rings. Preferably there is a circumferential offset of about 12 degrees between gaps on adjacent rings.
  • Each ring has multiple gaps that are all offset from gaps on an adjacent ring on either side. Because the segments that make up each ring are integrally connected to the base ring 100 at ends opposite from free ends 103 there is no relative rotation among the stacked segmented rings 102 and the rings 102 are still flexible as seen by comparing FIGS. 10 and 11 for the run in and the set positions.
  • Ring segments 102 extend to different or the same axial lengths for running in and have a free end that is offset and axially aligned with an axis of ring 100.
  • Gaps 104 are as long axially as said segments 102 or shorter.
  • An internal groove 108 holds a mandrel seal 110 to prevent extrusion of sealing element 10 along the mandrel.
  • FIGS. 1-7 alternating circumferential slots with dog leg connectors in the form of a bore extend from the inside diameter and the outside diameter in alternating fashion. On radial expansion the bores shear on surfaces where the bore is a connector to slots that extend from opposed ends of an outer or inner diameter and where the two slots are themselves circumferentially offset by the width of the oblong bore or void.
  • the inside and outside diameters grow as the slots part to form gaps and the offset disposition of slots connected by an oblong bore allows an end surface to be positioned in each gap that minimizes or completely prevents seal element extrusion.
  • the dimensional growth need not be uniform so that the enlarged dimension can conform to an irregularly shaped borehole wall, for example.
  • the adjacent and oppositely facing end walls can interact with each other as a given oblong opening is sheared to expose such end walls so that there is overlap between such adjacent end walls with a stop device that limits relative circumferential movement between them.
  • the wall ends can align or pull away from each other slightly so that there is either no extrusion gap or a minimal gap for the sealing element.
  • the same pattern of slots that open into gaps alternating on the inside and outside diameters can be used with dovetail cuts that have slack in them in the run in diameter and where the relative circumferential movement of each pair of dovetail components is limited by the slack coming out of each dovetail connection.
  • the gaps that open are blocked by the extension of the male of the dovetail pair extending into the opening.
  • the dovetail pairs start in an alternating pattern on the inside and outside diameters to present a cohesive ring structure that can expand on the inside and outside diameters.
  • the dovetail slots on the inside diameters are circumferentially spaced from the dovetail slots on the outside diameter and the gaps that form as the diameters increase are substantially blocked by the male dovetail component bottoming on the female surrounding component or when the outside dimension of the backup ring engages a surrounding tubular, whichever happens first.
  • the structure with alternating dog leg slots or dovetail slots lets the ring remain whole while lending the ring flexibility of going out of round so that if the surrounding tubular has dimensional imperfections, the backup ring can adapt to the actual shape of the inside wall of the surrounding tubular.
  • a single ring can be placed between sealing elements and reduce or eliminate extrusion between the sealing element in either of opposed directions.
  • a backup ring with multiple stacked rows of segmented rings the gaps in adjacent rings are offset and all the rings are preferably integral to a common ring base.
  • the extrusion gaps are closed off while the integration of the stacked rings with the base provides for a stronger yet still flexible design that can conform to the surrounding tubular wall for closing an extrusion gap.
  • the outer edge of the stacked rings is made long enough so that there is bending into a more parallel orientation with the surrounding tubular when the set position of FIG. 11 is reached.
  • a support ring can backstop the backup ring in the set position on an opposite side from the sealing element as shown also in FIG. 11.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une bague d'extrusion ayant une base à partir de laquelle de multiples rangées segmentées de bagues s'étendent d'un seul tenant. Des espaces dans une rangée sont décalés par rapport à la rangée adjacente pour couvrir tout espace. Les rangées obtiennent leur résistance à partir d'une base commune qui présente également une rotation relative parmi les rangées.
PCT/US2018/027359 2017-04-13 2018-04-12 Bague d'appui de garniture d'étanchéité multicouche à espaces d'extrusion fermés Ceased WO2018191535A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/486,621 2017-04-13
US15/486,621 US20180298718A1 (en) 2017-04-13 2017-04-13 Multi-layer Packer Backup Ring with Closed Extrusion Gaps

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018191535A1 true WO2018191535A1 (fr) 2018-10-18

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PCT/US2018/027359 Ceased WO2018191535A1 (fr) 2017-04-13 2018-04-12 Bague d'appui de garniture d'étanchéité multicouche à espaces d'extrusion fermés

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WO (1) WO2018191535A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10704355B2 (en) 2016-01-06 2020-07-07 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc Slotted anti-extrusion ring assembly
US10526864B2 (en) 2017-04-13 2020-01-07 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc Seal backup, seal system and wellbore system
US10370935B2 (en) 2017-07-14 2019-08-06 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc Packer assembly including a support ring
US10907438B2 (en) 2017-09-11 2021-02-02 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc Multi-layer backup ring
US10907437B2 (en) 2019-03-28 2021-02-02 Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc Multi-layer backup ring
US10677014B2 (en) 2017-09-11 2020-06-09 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc Multi-layer backup ring including interlock members
US10689942B2 (en) 2017-09-11 2020-06-23 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc Multi-layer packer backup ring with closed extrusion gaps
AU2020261747B2 (en) * 2019-04-26 2022-12-15 Baker Hughes Holdings Llc Multi-layer backup ring including interlock members
CN110593805A (zh) * 2019-10-21 2019-12-20 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 一种封隔器密封装置及尾管悬挂器
US11142978B2 (en) 2019-12-12 2021-10-12 Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc Packer assembly including an interlock feature
WO2021150495A1 (fr) * 2020-01-22 2021-07-29 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc Bague d'appui multicouche

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070125532A1 (en) * 2005-12-01 2007-06-07 Murray Douglas J Self energized backup system for packer sealing elements
US20070261863A1 (en) * 2004-06-11 2007-11-15 Iain Macleod Sealing system
US20110101615A1 (en) * 2007-12-11 2011-05-05 Rubberatkins Limited Sealing apparatus
US20120037355A1 (en) * 2010-08-16 2012-02-16 Baker Hughes Incorporated Retractable Petal Collet Backup for a Subterranean Seal
US20140034335A1 (en) * 2006-11-21 2014-02-06 Swelltec Limited Downhole Apparatus with a Swellable Support Structure

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070261863A1 (en) * 2004-06-11 2007-11-15 Iain Macleod Sealing system
US20070125532A1 (en) * 2005-12-01 2007-06-07 Murray Douglas J Self energized backup system for packer sealing elements
US20140034335A1 (en) * 2006-11-21 2014-02-06 Swelltec Limited Downhole Apparatus with a Swellable Support Structure
US20110101615A1 (en) * 2007-12-11 2011-05-05 Rubberatkins Limited Sealing apparatus
US20120037355A1 (en) * 2010-08-16 2012-02-16 Baker Hughes Incorporated Retractable Petal Collet Backup for a Subterranean Seal

Also Published As

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