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WO2018185300A1 - Procédé de coordination d'un échange de puissance entre une pluralité de petites unités techniques et un réseau de transmission électrique - Google Patents

Procédé de coordination d'un échange de puissance entre une pluralité de petites unités techniques et un réseau de transmission électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018185300A1
WO2018185300A1 PCT/EP2018/058889 EP2018058889W WO2018185300A1 WO 2018185300 A1 WO2018185300 A1 WO 2018185300A1 EP 2018058889 W EP2018058889 W EP 2018058889W WO 2018185300 A1 WO2018185300 A1 WO 2018185300A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
small
transmission network
units
central memory
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2018/058889
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Joachim Kolling
Thomas Schmid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=61911625&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2018185300(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority to CN201880022335.XA priority Critical patent/CN110476312B/zh
Priority to EP18716259.9A priority patent/EP3607626B1/fr
Priority to ES18716259T priority patent/ES2867582T3/es
Publication of WO2018185300A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018185300A1/fr
Priority to US16/590,013 priority patent/US11101691B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/008—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
    • G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/1337—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H02J2101/20—
    • H02J2101/24—
    • H02J2105/55—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S50/00—Market activities related to the operation of systems integrating technologies related to power network operation or related to communication or information technologies
    • Y04S50/10—Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for coordinating a power exchange between a plurality of small technical units on the one hand and a public, electrical transmission network or power grid or power grid on the other hand.
  • the small units are connected to the transmission network for this purpose.
  • the power exchange is controlled by a central control device.
  • the invention also includes the central control device and a system comprising the control device and switching units for switching the small technical units.
  • a technical unit is in the context of the invention, a technical system, which generates and / or consumes and / or cached electrical energy and this is connected via a respective connection to the transmission network.
  • a small unit here is a technical unit whose electrical power exchangeable with the transmission network is smaller than 1 MW. Examples are each a photovoltaic system of a household, a heat pump of a building, a stationary battery storage and an electric vehicle.
  • a method of the type described above is known for example from US 2013/0345884 A1.
  • the known from the prior art control device for performing the method tries to provide by switching the small units a minimum total power in the transmission network. If, however, the small units are, for example, photovoltaic systems, then it must be expected that at the time of switching, not every photovoltaic system can deliver the planned electrical power. Therefore, it is necessary in the control device of the prior art, vorzuhalten overcapacities in order to guarantee the minimum performance can. This makes the operation inefficient.
  • the invention has for its object to control by means of a central control device efficiently small units of technology on a transmission network.
  • the invention provides a method for coordinating a power exchange between a plurality of small-scale technical units, on the one hand, and a transmission or utility network, on the other hand.
  • the small units are connected to the transmission network.
  • a small unit is to be understood as a technical system which can provide only a so-called prequalified power or nominal power for the respective power exchange, which is smaller than 1 MW.
  • a technical small unit is understood to be a technical system which can not act or act independently on a power exchange or on an energy market.
  • the method therefore coordinates the small technical units in such a way that they form, as a whole, an infrastructure with which liabilities for a retrieval plan of a network operator of the transmission network or of the power exchange can be entered on a power exchange or on an energy market.
  • a scheduling plan describes a schedule or timeline of electrical power that normally must provide a single engineering unit, such as a power plant, to the transmission network in accordance with a contractual arrangement.
  • Such a call-up plan is binding and can be traded on a power exchange or an energy market.
  • An example of such a power exchange is the EEX (European Energy Exchange).
  • the central control device operates an energy data cloud, in which the control device aggregates or collects performance data of the small units.
  • the energy data cloud can include, for example, a database.
  • the controller manages for each Small unit in each case the following steps.
  • a single timetable of electrical power available at the small unit is recorded.
  • the single schedule describes a performance profile or a time history of the available power.
  • power is to be understood as meaning both the consumption and the generation as well as the buffering of electrical power.
  • step is thus determined what can be switched at the respective small unit of electrical power. For example, a single timetable of a photovoltaic system will always indicate that no power is available at night (in the dark).
  • At least one time interval is determined within which a power exchange may be triggered by the central control device according to predetermined access data at the small unit.
  • time slices are determined in which the control device is allowed to access the small unit at all.
  • a small unit is, for example, a photovoltaic system
  • the owner or operator of the small unit can, for example, block access for certain times of day in order to be able to use the power provided by the photovoltaic system itself.
  • the access data can be determined, for example, by contract data. If the control device is allowed to switch power, this can be done, for example, on the basis of an IT-rule-based (IT information technology) control, in order to extract a target power.
  • IT-rule-based IT information technology
  • the method step thus determines what proportion of the electrical power of a small unit may be switched. It should be noted that the exchange of power can affect both the feeding of power into the transmission network (ie the offering or selling) and the output from the transmission network (ie the demand or purchase).
  • a reference value of the power which can be provided or switched according to the power profile in the respective time interval is then determined for each small unit on the basis of the predetermined retrieval schedule of the network operator of the transmission network or of the power exchange.
  • the retrieval schedule may indicate a price of the service in the time interval and / or a demand.
  • the reference value results accordingly as a monetary value or as a benefit.
  • This method step thus determines what the control device intends to switch at all.
  • the reference value therefore indicates whether a power exchange with the small unit in accordance with the optimization criterion pays off in the time interval.
  • the central control device then forms an overall timetable for each time interval from the individual timetables of all the small units selected for the respective time interval. In other words, the control device combines the switchable electrical power of all selected small units. The central control device then switches the power exchange of the small units with the transmission network according to the overall timetable.
  • the optimization criterion ensures that only those small units are involved or switched, resulting in a total benefit for the plurality of small units.
  • the control device calculates a delta timetable from a netting of the overall timetable and the predetermined retrieval schedule. This can again take place by means of an IT infrastructure by the control device.
  • the delta timetable indicates the difference or discrepancy or deviation of the overall timetable with respect to the retrieval schedule.
  • a central electrical energy store connected to the transmission network is then driven according to the delta schedule, so that the central store communicates with the transmission network for an electrical compensation service in order for the small technical units and the central store to complete the fetch schedule.
  • the small units can be operated efficiently or economically on the transmission network and represent a pre-qualified infrastructure for a retrieval plan of a network operator or a power exchange as a whole.
  • a predetermined polling plan of the network operator or the power exchange can be met.
  • the invention also includes refinements, resulting in additional benefits.
  • the optimization criterion may provide a threshold comparison of the reference value with a predetermined threshold. In other words, all those small units whose reference value is greater or less than a predetermined threshold are selected. Preferably, however, it is provided that a total value optimization of the total between the central memory and the small units on the one hand and the transmission network on the other hand exchanged power is performed, ie a maximization.
  • a maximization For this an asset management method can be used.
  • the polling schedule prescribes a predetermined total power, e.g. 2 MW for one hour
  • the control device can select all those small units which can provide the total overall performance, wherein additionally according to the optimization criterion the total sum of their reference values is maximized.
  • the overall performance does not have to be provided exclusively by means of the small units: If more energy is stored in the central storage, then compensation power can be fed in on the basis of this, instead of using a more expensive energy from smaller units.
  • the central memory does not have to be present or operated exclusively for providing the compensation power.
  • the Central memory can also be provided a power exchange between the central memory and the transmission network to provide control power.
  • the control device can control the central memory in such a way that it provides electrical control power with the transmission network in accordance with predetermined contract data, so that a control power results as an additional power flow.
  • the contract data specify a minimum control power to be provided by the central storage and the price for the control power.
  • a further development provides that at least part of the total control energy exchanged in total by the control power is implemented with a time delay using the small units.
  • Implementation here means the following: In the case of a control power output (power generation), the said part of the total control energy is aggregated or stored temporally before the provision of the control power by means of the small units in the central memory. The central memory is thus filled or charged by means of the small units, so that then the central memory can provide the control power. In the case of a control power consumption (power consumption), however, is consumed time after the provision of the control power of the said part of the total control energy in the small units.
  • Each small unit therefore has a respective share of the total control energy.
  • This energy contribution production or consumption
  • the contract data is used to calculate a revenue value of the share and credited to the small unit.
  • the contract data specify the conditions under which the central storage provides the control power in the transmission network, that is to say in particular at what price. If the total control energy is then at least partially provided or absorbed by the small units (energy consumption), this will be remunerated according to the contract data.
  • the energy contributions of the small units for the control power but are preferred only from the small units, if it is favorable according to the contract data for the provision of the control power. Alternatively, if it is cheaper, the energy from the central storage may also be sourced or consumed from another source.
  • the central memory to accumulate energy before providing the control power over the transmission network, draws electrical power from a source other than the small units, if a price signal indicates that the source is less expensive than the small units. Thus, there is no energy reference from a small unit if the unit's electrical energy is more expensive than the energy from the source. Nevertheless, since the central memory must be loaded, the energy is sourced from the source. Specifically, energy received or stored in the provision of balancing power can be sold to a customer other than the small units.
  • the central memory is divided into virtual partitions, each of which represents a part of the storage capacity of the central memory.
  • the partitions represent areas within the central memory, where it can be determined or determined for each partition whether and how far it is being charged or discharged with electrical energy. In general, therefore, a separate state of charge of electrical energy can be defined for each partition. This is done according to a predetermined distribution rule.
  • the distribution rule can determine which partition is affected. For example, a user assigned a partition may unlock or specify that his partition be used for power exchange.
  • the state of charge of the partition changes during the energy exchange.
  • an equivalent value of the electrical energy exchanged thereby with the transmission network is recorded on a clearing account assigned to the respective partition.
  • the user who has indicated that his partition is to be used for the energy exchange so gets on this clearing account the equivalent, for example, a monetary equivalent, booked. So a user can also participate through a partition in the central memory.
  • a small unit operator can still benefit from the retrieval schedule by enabling its partition in the central store to provide the compensation service.
  • a system is formed in which a central control device by means of a central memory and a plurality of small units acts on the transmission network as a whole large technical unit, ie a technical unit that applies or achieves a prequalification for providing control power to the transmission network.
  • each small unit does not have or simply lack this prequalification.
  • the power required by the polling schedule is thus greater than any single power that can be provided by a particular small unit.
  • the provision of power according to the retrieval plan can only be permitted for technical units which have a prequalification greater than a predetermined power value, for example 1 MW.
  • Each technical small unit does not have to be able to apply this power, but can have a nominal power smaller than the power value.
  • Each small unit can each be a technical unit with a rated power of less than 1 MW, in particular less than 100 KW.
  • a small unit can thus be, for example, a photovoltaic system, a pumped storage power station, a heat pump with power generation, an electrically operable motor vehicle with an external charging interface or a stationary battery storage.
  • the multiplicity of the small units may include different ones of the mentioned systems.
  • the individual timetables of the small units can be present or determined in the energy data cloud, a future electrical behavior of the small units can also be predicted centrally by the control apparatus on the basis of the individual timetables.
  • the prognosis can be determined from historical individual timetables for a specific time of the day on a particular day of the week.
  • the central memory can store the electrical energy by means of electrochemical accumulators (ie batteries) and / or by means of a pumped storage power plant, these being only exemplary data for storage technologies.
  • the central memory has a prequalification or prequalification of at least 1 MW.
  • the central memory is qualified for providing control power in the transmission network.
  • the invention provides the described control device, which is set up to control a central memory and a plurality of switching units for respectively switching a technical small unit, according to an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the control device may be provided, for example, as a server of the Internet. It can include a computer or a computer network or an IT platform.
  • the method can be realized on the basis of at least one microprocessor.
  • the invention also includes the system described above.
  • the system comprises the control device, the central memory and a plurality of switching units for switching a technical small unit, respectively.
  • the switching unit can be designed, for example, as a control computer for the small unit.
  • Each switching unit may be adapted to be installed on a respective one of a small unit in order to control its power exchange with the transmission network.
  • the switching units can communicate with the central control device via a respective communication link.
  • the communication connection can be formed, for example, on the basis of an Internet connection.
  • a measuring point can be installed at each small unit, for example a so-called smart meter.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the
  • Fig. 2 is a sketch illustrating a data processing in a
  • Fig. 3 is a sketch illustrating a control method for
  • a technical small unit 14 may be, for example, each a photovoltaic system or a heat pump or an electric vehicle. Each small unit 14 may be individually connected to an electrical utility network or transmission network 15. Also, the central memory 1 1 may be connected to the transmission network 15. Electrical transmission paths 16 for exchanging electrical power between the transmission network 15 on the one hand and the small units 14 or the central memory 1 1 on the other hand represent the physical connection between the said elements.
  • the control device 12 may be coupled to the small units 14 and the central memory 1 1 each via a communication link 17.
  • the communication link 17 may each be configured, for example, as an Internet connection.
  • the server device 12 may be, for example, a server of the Internet.
  • an energy data cloud 18 (short: energy cloud) can be provided or operated, which may for example comprise a database.
  • the control device 12 can receive respective performance data 19 from the small units 14 and aggregate them in the energy data cloud 18.
  • the performance data 19 can be detected or determined by means of a respective measuring point 20 at each small unit 14.
  • the data exchange of the performance data 19 between the small units 14 and the control device 12 with the central memory 1 1 can optionally be based on a blockchain technology. This allows in particular the authentication and / or verification and / or billing between the small units 14 and the control device 12.
  • the performance data 19 can describe or signal an electrical power 21 which is available in the small unit 14 and can be exchanged with the transmission network 15.
  • the power 21 can be recorded here as consumed power or delivered as generated power or specify a temporary cached power.
  • the control device 20 for each small unit 14 can determine a single timetable 22, which describes a course of the available power 21 over time.
  • the central memory 1 1 can be a technical unit that can be equipped as a prequalified technical unit with a capacity of more than 1 MW.
  • the central memory 1 1 in the transmission network 15 provide control power 22. In other words, the central memory 1 1 is approved for this. Pricing conditions for the provision of the control power 22 may be determined by contract data 25 ', for example, the power exchange 24.
  • the retrieval schedule 25 which describes a service profile to be provided in the transmission network 15.
  • the retrieval schedule 25 may be e.g. provide a power block that is for a predetermined period of time, e.g. 1 h or 2 h, a service to be provided, e.g. 5 MW or 10 MW, pretends.
  • the fulfillment of the demand plan may be e.g. provide a power block that is for a predetermined period of time, e.g. 1 h or 2 h, a service to be provided, e.g. 5 MW or 10 MW, pretends.
  • the central memory 1 1 then only has to provide a compensation power 26 for completely fulfilling the retrieval schedule 25.
  • the storage capacity of the central memory 1 1 can also be divided into partitions 27, each of which a virtual state of charge 28 is assigned. Replaces the central memory 1 1 electrical energy as a control power 22 or compensation power
  • each partition 27 it can be determined for each partition 27 by the control device 12 according to a distribution rule 29 how each state of charge 28 changes in each case. For example, each partition 27 may be rented to a user and the state of charge 28 changed whenever the user enables or requests the use of the partition 27 to provide or receive the power. Thus, a user can therefore rent virtual storage space. This means that no separate technical small unit has to be introduced by the user himself. Thus, since the central memory 1 1 can provide a primary control power of more than 1 MW, the user of the partition 27 can also participate in the power market to provide control power. He does not have to provide a corresponding stationary battery storage with this prequalification.
  • An operator of a small unit 14 may also use a partition 27 in the manner described to cache electrical energy without having to provide a stationary battery storage to the small unit 14 itself. It can be provided for this purpose that a partition 27 is assigned to a small unit 14, so that an exchange of power 21 of a small unit 14 can be detected on the basis of the performance data 19 and the charge state 28 of a partition 27 can be adjusted accordingly. In this case, then the central memory 1 1, the electrical energy that is fed from the small unit 14 in the transmission network 15 or recorded from this, compensate for their own by donating or receiving energy. Compared to the transmission network 14, this results in a neutral energy balance.
  • FIG. 2 explains how the control device 12 can enable the marketing of electrical energy on the basis of the small units 14 without losing the prequalification required to participate in the power exchange 24.
  • the control unit 12 can not continuously switch arbitrarily by means of the switching devices 13, the small units 14. For example, contract data may limit access to the small units 14 for the controller 12.
  • the individual timetables 22 Based on the individual timetables 22 is therefore decided which power 21 can be switched by the control device 12 by means of the switching units 13, so their power exchange can be controlled.
  • access data 30 are used, which divide the individual timetables 22 such that usable time intervals 31 are defined, ie time intervals or time slices within which the control device 12 has access to the respective small unit 14 in order to switch them by means of the switching units 13.
  • usable time intervals 31 are defined, ie time intervals or time slices within which the control device 12 has access to the respective small unit 14 in order to switch them by means of the switching units 13.
  • not every time interval 31 is suitable for fulfilling the retrieval schedule 25.
  • the operation of a small unit 14 may incur costs that must be covered by incurring revenue by fulfilling the schedule 25.
  • the retrieval schedule 25 may set a price for the provided power 21.
  • the control device 12 can thus form an optimization criterion 32, by means of which each time interval 31 of each small unit 14 can be evaluated. For example, if polling schedule 25 provides for delivery or provision of electrical power for a time interval 31, then power consumed by a small unit 14 may not make any useful contribution. If the power to be provided according to retrieval plan 25 is limited in the power value, for example 2 MW, then the control device 12 can set by the optimization criterion 32 that the most advantageous small units 14 are selected until the value of the power is reached.
  • small units 14 are selected which can be operated efficiently for a predetermined time interval 31 in each case according to the retrieval plan 25. Overall, over the time t, the available power P can thereby be combined into a total call-up plan 33 available overall at the small units 14.
  • control device 12 can also extrapolate a prognosis 39 of a future electrical behavior of the small units 14.
  • the control device 12 can determine from the retrieval plan 25 and the overall timetable 33 of the small units 14 by a netting 34 or subtraction a missing fraction .DELTA. ⁇ in the performance required according to the retrieval plan 25, from which a delta schedule 35 results.
  • control signals 36 can then be sent to the switching devices 13 of the small units.
  • a control signal 37 for the central memory 1 1 can be generated so that it provides the corresponding compensation power 26.
  • the power 21 provided by the small units 14 and the compensation power 26 result in the transmission network 15 as a whole the retrieval plan 25.
  • the central memory 1 1 guaranteed or ensured that the system 10 meets the retrieval schedule 25.
  • prequalification can be detected.
  • a small unit 14 associated with a partition 27 so not only the power 21, which provides the small unit 14 momentary or current during the implementation of the retrieval schedule 25, is used. Instead, in addition to the fulfillment of the retrieval schedule 25, electrical energy may be transferred from the small unit 14 to a partition 27 and then used additionally.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de coordination d'un échange de puissance entre une pluralité de petites unités techniques (14) d'une part et un réseau de transmission (15) d'autre part. L'invention prévoit qu'un dispositif de commande central (12) forme à partir d'horaires individuels (22) de toutes les petites unités (14) disponibles un horaire global (33) et commande l'échange de puissance des petites unités (14) avec le réseau de transmission (15) conformément à l'horaire global (33). Le dispositif de commande (12) calcule un horaire delta (35) à partir d'une totalisation (34) de l'horaire global (33) et d'un programme d'appel prédéterminé (25) d'un opérateur de réseau ou d'une bourse de courant (24) et une mémoire centrale (11) connectée au réseau de transmission (15) est commandée conformément à l'horaire delta (35) de sorte que la mémoire centrale (11) échange avec le réseau de transmission (15) une puissance de compensation électrique (26) pour que les petites unités techniques (14) et la mémoire centrale (11) respectent conjointement le plan d'appel (25).
PCT/EP2018/058889 2017-04-07 2018-04-06 Procédé de coordination d'un échange de puissance entre une pluralité de petites unités techniques et un réseau de transmission électrique Ceased WO2018185300A1 (fr)

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CN201880022335.XA CN110476312B (zh) 2017-04-07 2018-04-06 用于协调在小单元和电传输网络之间的功率交换的方法
EP18716259.9A EP3607626B1 (fr) 2017-04-07 2018-04-06 Procédé de coordination d'un échange de puissance entre une pluralité de petites unités techniques et un réseau de transmission électrique
ES18716259T ES2867582T3 (es) 2017-04-07 2018-04-06 Procedimiento para la coordinación de un intercambio de energía entre una pluralidad de unidades pequeñas técnicas y una red de transmisión eléctrica
US16/590,013 US11101691B2 (en) 2017-04-07 2019-10-01 Method for coordinating an exchange of power between a plurality of technical small units and an electrical transmission network

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DE102017205968.0A DE102017205968A1 (de) 2017-04-07 2017-04-07 Verfahren zum Koordinieren eines Leistungsaustauschs zwischen einer Vielzahl von technischen Kleineinheiten und einem elektrischen Übertragungsnetz

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