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WO2018182550A2 - A refrigerator comprising a plastic inner lining - Google Patents

A refrigerator comprising a plastic inner lining Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018182550A2
WO2018182550A2 PCT/TR2017/050454 TR2017050454W WO2018182550A2 WO 2018182550 A2 WO2018182550 A2 WO 2018182550A2 TR 2017050454 W TR2017050454 W TR 2017050454W WO 2018182550 A2 WO2018182550 A2 WO 2018182550A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerator
foaming agent
polystyrene
produced
inner lining
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/TR2017/050454
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2018182550A3 (en
Inventor
Hakan Özkan
Emre DEMİRTAŞ
Mohammadreza NOFAR
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arcelik AS
Original Assignee
Arcelik AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arcelik AS filed Critical Arcelik AS
Publication of WO2018182550A2 publication Critical patent/WO2018182550A2/en
Publication of WO2018182550A3 publication Critical patent/WO2018182550A3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls
    • F25D23/065—Details
    • F25D23/066—Liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B32B5/20—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material foamed in situ
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/08—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C44/1285—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements the preformed part being foamed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C44/18—Filling preformed cavities
    • B29C44/188—Sealing off parts of the cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/3442—Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
    • B29C44/3446—Feeding the blowing agent
    • B29C44/3457—Feeding the blowing agent in solid form to the plastic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0088—Blends of polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2625/00—Use of polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds or derivatives thereof for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2625/04—Polymers of styrene
    • B29K2625/06—PS, i.e. polystyrene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2655/00—Use of specific polymers obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of main groups B29K2623/00 - B29K2649/00, e.g. having a vinyl group, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2655/02—ABS polymers, i.e. acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/762—Household appliances
    • B29L2031/7622—Refrigerators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/04—4 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0221—Vinyl resin
    • B32B2266/0228—Aromatic vinyl resin, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/406—Bright, glossy, shiny surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/538—Roughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2509/00—Household appliances
    • B32B2509/10—Refrigerators or refrigerating equipment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/02—CO2-releasing, e.g. NaHCO3 and citric acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08J2325/06—Polystyrene

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigerator wherein plastic is used for producing the body inner linings.
  • thermoplastic polymer material for example polystyrene (HIPS: High Impact Polystyrene)
  • HIPS High Impact Polystyrene
  • the body and the door inner linings are produced from plastic sheets by extrusion.
  • the inner lining has a three-layered structure, composed of a lower layer in contact with the polyurethane and produced from polystyrene-based plastic material, an upper layer facing the inner compartments wherein foodstuffs are placed and produced from polystyrene-based plastic material, and an intermediate layer disposed between the lower layer and the upper layer.
  • the intermediate layer is produced from foamed polystyrene by adding a foaming agent having citric acid and sodium bicarbonate into a polystyrene-based base material.
  • the foaming agent is composed of granules of sodium citrate dihydrate which is a compound of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate, and the said granules are encapsulated by being coated with a styrene-based polymer.
  • the intermediate layer is produced by adding the foaming agent into the base material completely composed of a high impact polystyrene.
  • the intermediate layer is produced by adding the foaming agent into the base material comprising a mixture of high impact polystyrene, ABS and general purpose polystyrene.
  • Figure 1 - is the schematic view of a refrigerator.
  • Figure 2 - is the schematic view of the three-layered inner lining structure in the refrigerator of the present invention.
  • the refrigerator (1) comprises a body (2); at least one door (3), at least one fresh food/freezing compartment (4) wherein foodstuffs and beverages are placed; an inner lining (5) that is produced from plastic material by extrusion method and that forms the inner surfaces of the body (2) and the doors (3) facing the compartments (4); an outer wall (6) that forms the outer surface of the body (2) and the doors (3), and an insulation volume (7) that is disposed between the inner lining (5) and the outer wall (6) and wherein polyurethane (PU) is injected.
  • PU polyurethane
  • the inner lining (5) has a three-layered structure, comprising a lower layer (8) that faces the insulation volume (7), that contacts the polyurethane (PU) injected into the insulation volume (7) and that is produced from a polystyrene(PS)-based plastic material, an upper layer (9) that forms the inner surface of the inner lining (5) facing the compartments (4) and that is produced from a polystyrene(PS)-based plastic material, and an intermediate layer (10) that is disposed between the lower layer (8) and the upper layer (9) and that is produced from polystyrene (XPS) foamed by adding a chemical foaming agent into the polystyrene(PS)-based base material.
  • PU polyurethane
  • the foaming agent added into the polystyrene(PS)-based base material of the intermediate layer (10) comprises citric acid (C6H807) and sodium bicarbonate (3NaHC03).
  • granules of sodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na307) that is a compound of the citric acid (C6H807) and the sodium bicarbonate (3NaHC03) forming the foaming agent added during the production of the intermediate layer (10) are encapsulated by being coated with a styrene-based polymer.
  • the granules of sodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na307) forming the foaming agent comprise 40-50% citric acid (C6H807) and 50-60% sodium bicarbonate (3NaHC03).
  • use of spray drying device is preferred.
  • the intermediate layer (10) is produced by adding the foaming agent into the base material 100% composed of a high impact polystyrene (HIPS).
  • HIPS high impact polystyrene
  • the intermediate layer (10) is produced by adding the foaming agent into the base material comprising a mixture of high impact polystyrene (HIPS), ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) and general purpose polystyrene (GPPS).
  • HIPS high impact polystyrene
  • ABS acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
  • GPPS general purpose polystyrene
  • the base material of the intermediate layer (10) comprises 60-100% HIPS, 0-30% ABS and 0-30% GPPS.
  • foaming agent is added into the base material of the intermediate layer (10) comprising HIPS or a mixture of HIPS+ABS+GPPS.
  • the encapsulated foaming agent used in the embodiment of the present invention changes into gas phase in a controlled manner under the process conditions and dissolves in a controlled manner in the base material (HIPS, GPPS, ABS), in other words polymer matrix of the intermediate layer (10). It is detected by means of experimental studies that the encapsulated citric acid (C6H807) and sodium bicarbonate (3NaHC03) are suitable for process temperatures and have a high rate of dissolving in the base material (polymer matrix) of the intermediate layer (10).
  • the foaming agent is coated with a styrene-based polymer (polymer liquid) and the obtained sodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na307) granules are spherical.
  • the foaming agent By means of the encapsulation of the foaming agent, a controlled gas release is obtained during the production (in the extruder), thus providing a homogeneous foam distribution.
  • the foaming agent particles By coating the foaming agent particles with styrene-based polymer material, the material is prevented from directly changing into gas phase and thus enabled to be homogeneously distributed in the extruder and hence in the intermediate layer (10) material (HIPS, GPPS, ABS). Since the foaming agent is encapsulated, undesired temperature increase in the extruder during the production is prevented and the gas release is realized in a controlled manner. Moreover, a homogeneous foam distribution is obtained and the thermal insulation of the inner lining (5) is improved.
  • the upper layer (9) of the inner lining (5) facing the compartments (4) is produced from glossy polystyrene (PS). Since the chemical resistance of the upper layer (9) is high and the surface roughness thereof is within desired limits, the inner lining (5) can be easily cleaned and an aesthetic appearance is provided.
  • PS glossy polystyrene
  • the lower layer (8) of the inner lining (5) in contact with the polyurethane (PU) is produced from a polystyrene with high environmental stress crack resistance (ESCR) against stress acting thereon and the mechanical strength of the lower layer (8) against stress acting thereon due to expansion gases such as "c-pentane” emerging during the curing of the polyurethane (PU) injected into the insulation volume (7) of the inner lining (5).
  • ESCR environmental stress crack resistance
  • the intermediate layer (10) of the inner lining (5) of the refrigerator (1) of the present invention is disposed between the upper layer (9) produced from glossy polystyrene and the lower layer (8) produced from polystyrene (PS) with high ESCR, the need for providing the intermediate layer (10) with the glossiness and mechanical strength of the upper layer (9) and the lower layer (8) is eliminated.
  • the foaming agent is added into the intermediate layer (10) so as to increase the volume thereof, thus decreasing the weight of the inner lining (5) and hence of the refrigerator (1) is decreased.
  • a homogeneous foam distribution is obtained in the intermediate layer (10) by means of the foaming agent used and the thermal insulation of the inner lining (5) is improved.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a refrigerator (1) comprising a body (2); at least one door (3), at least one fresh food/freezing compartment (4) wherein foodstuffs and beverages are placed; an inner lining (5) that is produced from plastic material by extrusion method and that forms the inner surfaces of the body (2) and the doors (3) facing the compartments (4); an outer wall (6) that forms the outer surface of the body (2) and the doors (3), and an insulation volume (7) that is disposed between the inner lining (5) and the outer wall (6) and wherein polyurethane (PU) is injected.

Description

A REFRIGERATOR COMPRISING A PLASTIC INNER LINING
The present invention relates to a refrigerator wherein plastic is used for producing the body inner linings.
It is known that annual polymer production in the world is approximately 350-400 million tons, and due to rapid depletion of energy sources, it has become important to use less amount of low-cost raw materials for manufacturing products. For producing bodies and door inner linings of refrigerators, rectangular sheets produced from thermoplastic polymer material, for example polystyrene (HIPS: High Impact Polystyrene), by extrusion are used, and the said sheets are finalized by thermoforming process. The amount of polymer raw material used can be decreased for a low-cost and lightweight refrigerator; however, in this case quality problems such as deteriorating thermal insulation may arise.
In the United States Patent Application No. US 5269986 (A), a process for the production of refrigerator cabin is disclosed. The aim of the present invention is the realization of a refrigerator wherein the amount of raw materials used for the production of the inner lining thereof is decreased, thus providing savings in material.
In the refrigerator realized in order to attain the aim of the present invention, the body and the door inner linings are produced from plastic sheets by extrusion. The inner lining has a three-layered structure, composed of a lower layer in contact with the polyurethane and produced from polystyrene-based plastic material, an upper layer facing the inner compartments wherein foodstuffs are placed and produced from polystyrene-based plastic material, and an intermediate layer disposed between the lower layer and the upper layer. The intermediate layer is produced from foamed polystyrene by adding a foaming agent having citric acid and sodium bicarbonate into a polystyrene-based base material.
The foaming agent is composed of granules of sodium citrate dihydrate which is a compound of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate, and the said granules are encapsulated by being coated with a styrene-based polymer. In an embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate layer is produced by adding the foaming agent into the base material completely composed of a high impact polystyrene.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate layer is produced by adding the foaming agent into the base material comprising a mixture of high impact polystyrene, ABS and general purpose polystyrene.
The refrigerator realized in order to attain the aim of the present invention is illustrated in the attached figures, where:
Figure 1 - is the schematic view of a refrigerator. Figure 2 - is the schematic view of the three-layered inner lining structure in the refrigerator of the present invention.
The elements illustrated in the figures are numbered as follows:
1. Refrigerator
2. Body
3. Door
4. Compartment
5. Inner lining
6. Outer wall
7. Insulation volume
8. Lower layer
9. Upper layer
10. Intermediate layer
The refrigerator (1) comprises a body (2); at least one door (3), at least one fresh food/freezing compartment (4) wherein foodstuffs and beverages are placed; an inner lining (5) that is produced from plastic material by extrusion method and that forms the inner surfaces of the body (2) and the doors (3) facing the compartments (4); an outer wall (6) that forms the outer surface of the body (2) and the doors (3), and an insulation volume (7) that is disposed between the inner lining (5) and the outer wall (6) and wherein polyurethane (PU) is injected.
In the refrigerator (1) of the present invention, the inner lining (5) has a three-layered structure, comprising a lower layer (8) that faces the insulation volume (7), that contacts the polyurethane (PU) injected into the insulation volume (7) and that is produced from a polystyrene(PS)-based plastic material, an upper layer (9) that forms the inner surface of the inner lining (5) facing the compartments (4) and that is produced from a polystyrene(PS)-based plastic material, and an intermediate layer (10) that is disposed between the lower layer (8) and the upper layer (9) and that is produced from polystyrene (XPS) foamed by adding a chemical foaming agent into the polystyrene(PS)-based base material.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the foaming agent added into the polystyrene(PS)-based base material of the intermediate layer (10) comprises citric acid (C6H807) and sodium bicarbonate (3NaHC03).
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, granules of sodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na307) that is a compound of the citric acid (C6H807) and the sodium bicarbonate (3NaHC03) forming the foaming agent added during the production of the intermediate layer (10) are encapsulated by being coated with a styrene-based polymer. In this embodiment, the granules of sodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na307) forming the foaming agent comprise 40-50% citric acid (C6H807) and 50-60% sodium bicarbonate (3NaHC03). During the encapsulation process, use of spray drying device is preferred.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate layer (10) is produced by adding the foaming agent into the base material 100% composed of a high impact polystyrene (HIPS).
In another embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate layer (10) is produced by adding the foaming agent into the base material comprising a mixture of high impact polystyrene (HIPS), ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) and general purpose polystyrene (GPPS). In this embodiment, the base material of the intermediate layer (10) comprises 60-100% HIPS, 0-30% ABS and 0-30% GPPS.
During the production in the extruder 0.5-7% foaming agent is added into the base material of the intermediate layer (10) comprising HIPS or a mixture of HIPS+ABS+GPPS.
The encapsulated foaming agent used in the embodiment of the present invention changes into gas phase in a controlled manner under the process conditions and dissolves in a controlled manner in the base material (HIPS, GPPS, ABS), in other words polymer matrix of the intermediate layer (10). It is detected by means of experimental studies that the encapsulated citric acid (C6H807) and sodium bicarbonate (3NaHC03) are suitable for process temperatures and have a high rate of dissolving in the base material (polymer matrix) of the intermediate layer (10). During the encapsulation process, the foaming agent is coated with a styrene-based polymer (polymer liquid) and the obtained sodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na307) granules are spherical. By means of the encapsulation of the foaming agent, a controlled gas release is obtained during the production (in the extruder), thus providing a homogeneous foam distribution. By coating the foaming agent particles with styrene-based polymer material, the material is prevented from directly changing into gas phase and thus enabled to be homogeneously distributed in the extruder and hence in the intermediate layer (10) material (HIPS, GPPS, ABS). Since the foaming agent is encapsulated, undesired temperature increase in the extruder during the production is prevented and the gas release is realized in a controlled manner. Moreover, a homogeneous foam distribution is obtained and the thermal insulation of the inner lining (5) is improved.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the upper layer (9) of the inner lining (5) facing the compartments (4) is produced from glossy polystyrene (PS). Since the chemical resistance of the upper layer (9) is high and the surface roughness thereof is within desired limits, the inner lining (5) can be easily cleaned and an aesthetic appearance is provided.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the lower layer (8) of the inner lining (5) in contact with the polyurethane (PU) is produced from a polystyrene with high environmental stress crack resistance (ESCR) against stress acting thereon and the mechanical strength of the lower layer (8) against stress acting thereon due to expansion gases such as "c-pentane" emerging during the curing of the polyurethane (PU) injected into the insulation volume (7) of the inner lining (5).
Since the intermediate layer (10) of the inner lining (5) of the refrigerator (1) of the present invention is disposed between the upper layer (9) produced from glossy polystyrene and the lower layer (8) produced from polystyrene (PS) with high ESCR, the need for providing the intermediate layer (10) with the glossiness and mechanical strength of the upper layer (9) and the lower layer (8) is eliminated. The foaming agent is added into the intermediate layer (10) so as to increase the volume thereof, thus decreasing the weight of the inner lining (5) and hence of the refrigerator (1) is decreased. By providing material savings in the production of the inner lining (5), the costs are decreased. A homogeneous foam distribution is obtained in the intermediate layer (10) by means of the foaming agent used and the thermal insulation of the inner lining (5) is improved.

Claims

1 - A refrigerator (1) comprising a body (2); at least one door (3), at least one fresh food/freezing compartment (4) wherein foodstuffs and beverages are placed; an inner lining (5) that is produced from plastic material by extrusion method and that forms the inner surfaces of the body (2) and the doors (3) facing the compartments (4); an outer wall (6) that forms the outer surface of the body (2) and the doors (3), and an insulation volume (7) that is disposed between the inner lining (5) and the outer wall (6) and wherein polyurethane (PU) is injected, characterized by the inner lining (5) comprising a lower layer (8) that faces the insulation volume (7), an upper layer (9) that forms the inner surface thereof facing the compartments (4), and an intermediate layer (10) that is disposed between the lower layer (8) and the upper layer (9) and that is produced from polystyrene (XPS) foamed by adding a chemical foaming agent into the polystyrene(PS)- based base material.
2 - A refrigerator (1) as in Claim 1, characterized by the foaming agent comprising citric acid (C6H807) and sodium bicarbonate (3NaHC03).
3 - A refrigerator (1) as in Claim 2, characterized by the foaming agent that is composed of sodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na307) granules comprising 40-50% citric acid (C6H807) and 50-60% sodium bicarbonate (3NaHC03).
4 - A refrigerator (1) as in any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized by the foaming agent that is obtained by coating granules of sodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na307) that is a compound of the citric acid (C6H807) and the sodium bicarbonate (3NaHC03) with a styrene-based polymer.
5 - A refrigerator (1) as in Claim 1, characterized by the intermediate layer (10) that is produced by adding the foaming agent into the base material completely composed of a high impact polystyrene (HIPS).
6 - A refrigerator (1) as in Claim 1, characterized by the intermediate layer (10) that is produced by adding the foaming agent into the base material comprising a mixture of high impact polystyrene (HIPS), ABS and general purpose polystyrene (GPPS). 7 - A refrigerator (1) as in Claim 6, characterized by the intermediate layer (10) of which the base material comprises a mixture of 60-100% HIPS, 0-30% ABS and 0-30% GPPS.
8 - A refrigerator (1) as in any one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized by the intermediate layer (10) into the base material, comprising HIPS or a mixture of HIPS+ABS+GPPS, of which 0.5-7% foaming agent is added.
9 - A refrigerator (1) as in Claim 1, characterized by the inner lining (5) comprising an upper layer (9) produced from glossy polystyrene (PS).
10 - A refrigerator (1) as in Claim 1, characterized by the inner lining (5) comprising a lower layer (8) produced from a polystyrene (PS) with high environmental stress cracking resistance (ESCR).
PCT/TR2017/050454 2016-11-07 2017-09-27 A refrigerator comprising a plastic inner lining Ceased WO2018182550A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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TR2016/15857 2016-11-07
TR2016/15857A TR201615857A1 (en) 2016-11-07 2016-11-07 REFRIGERATOR WITH PLASTIC INNER WALL

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WO2018182550A3 WO2018182550A3 (en) 2018-12-13

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Citations (1)

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US5269986A (en) 1990-04-28 1993-12-14 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of back foamed internal parts for refrigeration furniture

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JP2695199B2 (en) * 1988-10-11 1997-12-24 松下冷機株式会社 Insulated box
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