WO2018177261A1 - Laser marking machine, method for adjusting distance between scanning head and object to be marked, and automatic focusing method and automatic focusing marking method of marking machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A laser marking machine, comprising: a pallet (3) moving up and down, wherein a laser marking assembly (4) is provided on the pallet, further comprising a controller and a first driving assembly (6), and further comprising a ranging assembly (5) arranged on the laser marking assembly, wherein the ranging assembly comprises a laser pointer (51) and a laser sensor, wherein the laser pointer is used for emitting a laser onto the surface of an object to be marked; the laser sensor is used for receiving the laser reflected from the surface of the object to be marked (10) and sending a signal to the controller; and the controller calculates the vertical distance from the surface of the object to be marked to the ranging assembly according to the signal, so as to drive a related device, so that the distance between a scanning head of the laser marking assembly and the surface of the object to be marked matches a marking focal length of the laser marking machine, or so that the marking focal length of the laser marking machine matches the distance between the scanning head of the laser marking assembly and the surface of the object to be marked. The laser marking machine can automatically adjust the distance between the scanning head and the object to be marked to the marking focal length, thereby ensuring the accuracy of marking and improving the marking speed. The present invention further relates to a method for adjusting a distance between the scanning head and the object to be marked, and an automatic focusing method and an automatic focusing marking method for the marking machine.

Description

Laser marking machine, method for adjusting distance between scanning head and marking object, marking machine automatic focusing method and automatic focusing marking method Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser marking, and particularly relates to a laser marking machine, a method for adjusting a distance between a scanning head and a marking object, an automatic focusing method of a marking machine and an automatic focusing marking method.

Background technique

The laser marking machine is a light and mechatronics device that combines laser technology and computer technology. At present, the application of laser marking technology in industry at home and abroad is being paid more and more attention. Various new marking equipments are emerging one after another. It is replacing the traditional marking method with its unique advantages. It can be used in various mechanical parts and electronic elements. Marks are printed on the surface of various objects such as devices, integrated circuit modules, instruments, and meters.

The working principle is that the laser generates laser light, and after being focused by the focusing lens, it is irradiated onto the surface of the marking object, and the marking effect is only ideal when the marking object is located at the focal length position. The prior art manually adjusts and focuses the marking machine manually. The manual adjustment reduces the working efficiency of the marking machine, and the adjustment error is large, which reduces the precision and speed of the marking.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a laser marking machine, a method for adjusting the distance between the scanning head and the marking object, an automatic focusing method of the marking machine and an automatic focusing marking method, and in the prior art, the laser marking machine needs to be manually adjusted. Reduce the problem of marking accuracy and speed.

The adopted scheme is:

Solution 1: A laser marking machine, comprising a marking machine for placing a marking object, a frame on the marking machine table, a pallet arranged on the frame and movable up and down the rack, and supporting The laser marking component is arranged on the stage. The laser marking component comprises a laser, an optical path component and a scanning head which are sequentially mounted. The optical path component comprises a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses between the laser and the scanning head for adjusting the beam of the incident laser light. The focal length, the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path component, and is incident on the scanning head. The scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses for changing the direction of the marking laser, so that the marking laser is emitted toward the marking machine;

The utility model further comprises a controller and a first driving component arranged on the frame for driving the pallet to move up and down the rack, the first driving component comprises a plurality of driving motors, the driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to the pallet, and the controller controls the driving The motor drive pallet moves up and down the rack;

The utility model also comprises a distance measuring component arranged on the pallet or the laser marking component, the distance measuring component comprises a laser pointer and a laser sensor; the distance measuring component, the controller and the first driving component are connected in sequence; the laser pointer is used for marking the object The surface emitting indicator laser, the laser sensor is configured to receive the feedback laser of the surface of the marking object by the diffuse reflection indicating laser, the indicating laser does not coincide with the feedback laser; the laser sensor sends the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate the indicating laser according to the sensing signal The angle of the feedback laser is further calculated to calculate the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head; the controller sends a control signal to the first driving component, and the driving motor of the first driving component drives the laser marking component to move according to the control signal, so that the laser strikes The distance between the scanning head of the standard component and the surface of the marking object matches the marking focal length of the laser marking machine.

Improvement of the first scheme: the laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the laser sensor is used to receive the feedback laser reflected by the characteristic point and send an induction signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate according to the sensing signal a vertical distance of the feature point to the scan head and transmitting a control signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, the first driving component driving the laser marking component according to the control signal or the second driving component driving the marking machine to move according to the control information The marking starting point to the surface of the marking object is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking assembly.

Improvement of the first scheme: the laser pointer is used to receive the marking laser on the surface of the marking object after the marking starting point is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, and the laser sensor is used to receive the marking object. The surface is diffusely reflected by the feedback laser and sends an induction signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the sensing signal and send a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, the first driving component Or the second drive component is configured to drive the fine adjustment calibration according to the trimming signal.

The improvement of the first scheme: the scanning head comprises a plurality of reflecting lenses, and the plurality of reflecting lenses are specifically X mirrors and Y mirrors which are sequentially mounted, the X mirrors are mounted on the rotating output shaft of the X motor, and the Y mirrors are mounted on the Y motor On the rotating output shaft, the direction of the rotation axis of the X motor and the direction of the rotation axis of the Y motor are perpendicular to each other, and the marking laser is sequentially incident on the X mirror and the Y mirror, and after the X mirror and the Y mirror change direction The marking laser is scanned toward the marking machine in a scanning manner.

The improvement of the first aspect: the distance measuring component comprises a laser pointer and a laser sensor, the laser sensor specifically comprises a filter and a photosensitive element, the photosensitive element has a strip-shaped photosensitive area, and the filter is arranged in front of the strip-shaped photosensitive area The sheet, the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive region are disposed to have at least one plane simultaneously passing through the laser pointer to indicate an exit direction of the laser and an extending direction of both ends of the strip-shaped photosensitive region;

The laser pointer emits a single wavelength red or infrared indicating laser to the surface of the marking object in a bundle manner, and a diffuse reflection spot is formed on the surface of the marking object, and the diffuse reflection spot is absorbed by the photosensitive element and imaged in the strip photosensitive image after being transmitted through the filter. In the area, the direction of the connection between the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive element is set to be different from the direction in which the laser is emitted;

According to the different imaging positions of the spot on the strip photosensitive area, the angle indicating the direction of the laser exit and the direction of the connection between the spot and the photosensitive element is calculated, and the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head is further calculated, and the distance information is fed back to a controller; the diffuse reflection spot is the feedback laser.

Improvement of the first scheme: further comprising a control box, the control box is connected with the controller, and the control box is provided with a control button for controlling the ranging component to start and/or stop the ranging procedure.

The improvement of the first aspect: the optical path assembly more specifically includes at least one fixed convex lens and at least one movable concave lens; further comprising a guide rail extending along the direction of the marking laser light path, a bracket disposed on the guide rail, and the concave lens fixed on the bracket The swing motor is directly or indirectly connected to the bracket, and the swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected with the controller.

Improvement of the first solution: the optical path assembly further includes a support base, and the guide rail is disposed on the support base.

The improvement of the first scheme: the rail is provided with a stationary point, the rail on one side of the stationary point forms a moving positive zone, and the rail on the other side forms a moving negative zone, and the moving rail along the moving positive zone moves to a negative In the direction of the zone, a plurality of dithering zones are formed, the carriages reciprocating over any of the dithering zones on the rail.

The improvement of the first scheme: the interval of the moving positive zone ranges from 0 to 10 mm; and the interval of the moving negative zone ranges from 0 to 10 mm.

Improvement of the first scheme: the interval of the jitter zone ranges from 0 to 1 mm.

The improvement of the first solution: the guide rail is provided with a positive limiting member and a reverse limiting member, and the positive limiting member is disposed on a side of the guide rail on which the positive region is located, for limiting the movement of the bracket The maximum displacement on the positive zone, the reverse limiting member is disposed on a side of the guide rail on which the negative region is moved for limiting the maximum displacement of the bracket on the negative moving region.

Solution 2: A laser marking machine, comprising a marking machine for placing a marking object on a base and a base, the marking machine can be moved up and down, and the frame is located above the marking machine, and is arranged on the frame. a pallet, the laser marking component is disposed on the pallet, the laser marking component comprises a laser, an optical path component and a scanning head which are sequentially installed, and the optical path component comprises a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses between the laser and the scanning head for Adjusting the focal length of the incident laser beam, the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path component, and is incident on the scanning head. The scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses for changing the direction of the marking laser, so that the marking laser is emitted toward the marking machine;

The controller further includes a second driving component for driving the marking machine to move up and down, the second driving component comprises a plurality of driving motors, and the driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to the marking machine, and the controller controls the driving motor to drive the marking The machine moves up and down;

The utility model also comprises a distance measuring component arranged on the pallet or the laser marking component, the distance measuring component comprises a laser pointer and a laser sensor; the distance measuring component, the controller and the second driving component are connected in sequence; the laser pointer is used for marking the object The surface emitting indicator laser, the laser sensor is configured to receive the feedback laser of the surface of the marking object by the diffuse reflection indicating laser, the indicating laser does not coincide with the feedback laser; the laser sensor sends the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate the indicating laser according to the sensing signal The angle of the feedback laser is further calculated to calculate the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head; the controller sends a control signal to the second driving component, and the driving motor of the second driving component drives the marking machine to move according to the control signal, so that the laser strikes The distance between the scanning head of the standard component and the surface of the marking object matches the marking focal length of the laser marking machine.

The improvement of the second solution: the upper surface of the base is provided with a vertically extending sliding cavity, and the marking machine is disposed in the sliding cavity, and the second driving component connected to the marking platform is disposed in the sliding cavity.

Improvement of the second scheme: the laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the laser sensor is used to receive the feedback laser reflected by the characteristic point and send an induction signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate according to the sensing signal a vertical distance of the feature point to the scan head and transmitting a control signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, the first driving component driving the laser marking component according to the control signal or the second driving component driving the marking machine to move according to the control information The marking starting point to the surface of the marking object is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking assembly.

Improvement of the second scheme: the laser pointer is used to receive the marking laser on the surface of the marking object after the marking starting point is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, and the laser sensor is used to receive the marking object. The surface is diffusely reflected by the feedback laser and sends an induction signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the sensing signal and send a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, the first driving component Or the second drive component is configured to drive the fine adjustment calibration according to the trimming signal.

The improvement of the second scheme: the scanning head comprises a plurality of reflecting lenses, and the plurality of reflecting lenses are specifically X mirrors and Y mirrors installed in sequence, the X mirrors are mounted on the rotating output shaft of the X motor, and the Y mirrors are mounted on the Y motor On the rotating output shaft, the direction of the rotation axis of the X motor and the direction of the rotation axis of the Y motor are perpendicular to each other, and the marking laser is sequentially incident on the X mirror and the Y mirror, and after the X mirror and the Y mirror change direction The marking laser is scanned toward the marking machine in a scanning manner.

The improvement of the second embodiment: the distance measuring component comprises a laser pointer and a laser sensor, the laser sensor specifically comprises a filter and a photosensitive element, the photosensitive element has a strip-shaped photosensitive area, and the filter is arranged in front of the strip-shaped photosensitive area The sheet, the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive region are disposed to have at least one plane simultaneously passing through the laser pointer to indicate an exit direction of the laser and an extending direction of both ends of the strip-shaped photosensitive region;

The laser pointer emits a single wavelength red or infrared indicating laser to the surface of the marking object in a bundle manner, and a diffuse reflection spot is formed on the surface of the marking object, and the diffuse reflection spot is absorbed by the photosensitive element and imaged in the strip photosensitive image after being transmitted through the filter. In the area, the direction of the connection between the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive element is set to be different from the direction in which the laser is emitted;

According to the different imaging positions of the spot on the strip photosensitive area, the angle indicating the direction of the laser exit and the direction of the connection between the spot and the photosensitive element is calculated, and the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head is further calculated, and the distance information is fed back to a controller; the diffuse reflection spot is the feedback laser.

Improvement of the second scheme: further comprising a control box, the control box is connected with the controller, and the control box is provided with a control button for controlling the ranging component to start and/or stop the ranging procedure.

The improvement of the second embodiment: the optical path assembly more specifically includes at least one fixed convex lens and at least one movable concave lens; further comprising a guide rail extending along the direction of the marking laser light path, a bracket disposed on the guide rail, and the concave lens fixed on the bracket The swing motor is directly or indirectly connected to the bracket, and the swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected with the controller.

Improvement of the second solution: the optical path assembly further includes a support base, and the guide rail is disposed on the support base.

The improvement of the second scheme: the rail is provided with a stationary point, the rail on one side of the stationary point forms a moving positive zone, and the rail on the other side forms a moving negative zone, and the moving rail along the moving positive zone moves to a negative In the direction of the zone, a plurality of dithering zones are formed, the carriages reciprocating over any of the dithering zones on the rail.

The improvement of the second scheme: the interval of the moving positive zone ranges from 0 to 10 mm; and the interval of the moving negative zone ranges from 0 to 10 mm.

Improvement of the second scheme: the interval of the jitter zone ranges from 0 to 1 mm.

The improvement of the second solution: the guide rail is provided with a positive limiting member and a reverse limiting member, and the positive limiting member is disposed on a side of the guide rail on which the positive region is located, for limiting the movement of the bracket The maximum displacement on the positive zone, the reverse limiting member is disposed on a side of the guide rail on which the negative region is moved for limiting the maximum displacement of the bracket on the negative moving region.

Scheme 3: A method for adjusting the distance between the scanning head and the marking object based on the first or second method, the laser pointer emits laser light to the surface of the marking object; the laser sensor receives the feedback laser of the diffuse reflection on the surface of the marking object and controls Transmitting a sensing signal; the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the sensing signal and sends a control signal to the first driving component or the second driving component; the first driving component drives the laser marking component according to the control signal or The second driving component drives the marking machine to move to the surface of the marking object according to the control information. The marking starting point is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component.

Improvement of the third scheme: the laser pointer emits laser light to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object; the laser sensor receives the laser light reflected by the characteristic point and sends an induction signal to the controller.

Improvement of scheme 3: the laser pointer again emits an indication laser to the surface of the marking object; the laser sensor receives the laser light reflected by the surface of the marking object and sends an induction signal to the controller; the controller calculates the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the sensing signal The vertical distance sends a trimming signal to the first driving component or the second driving component; the first driving component or the second driving component performs driving fine tuning calibration according to the trimming signal.

Scheme 4: A marking machine autofocus method based on the first or second aspect, the optical path assembly comprising at least one fixed convex lens and at least one movable concave lens; and a guide rail extending along the marking direction of the marking laser a bracket disposed on the guide rail, the concave lens is fixed on the bracket, and further comprises a swing motor directly or indirectly connected to the bracket, the swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected with the controller; on the surface of the scan head and the marking object After the distance of the feature reference point matches the marking focal length of the laser marking machine, the laser pointer again emits an indication laser to the surface of the marking object, and the laser sensor receives the feedback laser diffusedly reflected on the surface of the marking object and sends an induction signal to the controller. The controller again calculates the vertical distance from the reference point of the surface feature of the marking object to the scanning head according to the sensing signal, and sends a control signal to the swinging motor, and drives the bracket and its concave lens to slide on the guide rail to change the marking focal length of the marking machine to mark The focal length is equal to the vertical distance from the surface of the marking to the scanning head.

Improvement of scheme 4: further comprising a control terminal connected to the controller, wherein the control terminal stores a digital model of the marking object, and when the marking laser is shot on the surface of the marking object except the feature reference point, the control terminal is based on playing The digital model of the target and the vertical distance from the feature reference point to the scan head calculate the real-time distance between the point of the target surface except the feature reference point and the scan head, and send a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the swing motor adjustment bracket and The sliding position of the concave lens on the guide rail again causes the marking focal length to be equal to the real-time distance of the point of the marking object other than the feature reference point from the scanning head.

Scheme 5: An auto-focus marking method based on the first scheme or the second scheme, the marking object is placed on the marking machine platform, directly below the scanning head;

Operating the control box, sending a control request to the controller, controlling the laser pointer of the ranging component to emit an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, forming a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object, and the strip-shaped photosensitive area of the photosensitive element is facing the scanning head Receiving photographic information below;

If the strip photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller controls the marking machine to move down or control the upshift of the tray to increase the distance between the scanning head and the marking object, and the photosensitive element is ingested again. The information of the diffuse reflection spot, such as the information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, increases the distance between the scanning head and the marking object again until the information or distance of the diffuse reflection spot is increased to the end of the stroke;

If the information of the diffuse reflection spot is not taken at the end of the stroke, the distance between the scan head and the marking object is gradually reduced until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is basically Equal to the marking focal length, if it still does not ingest the information of the diffuse reflection spot, stop working and report an error;

After ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the table to move to the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is substantially equal to the marking focal length. ;

The distance between the scanning head and the marking object is moved to a position substantially equal to the marking focal length, and the following actions are repeated: the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the supporting machine. The distance moved by the table to the scanning head and the marking object is equal to the marking focal length;

The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser passes through the optical path component and the scanning head and then hits the marking object. The scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for changing. Marking the focal length of the marking laser to adapt to the high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object;

Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller divides the pattern into a map consisting of a dot matrix, and the controller controls the scanning head to scan according to the dot pattern The marking laser is struck on the surface area of the marking object covered by the dot pattern, and the marking component of the optical path component controlling the marking laser falls on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap.

The improvement of the fifth scheme: the optical path assembly comprises at least one fixed convex lens and at least one movable concave lens; further comprising a guide rail extending along the direction of the marking laser light path, a bracket disposed on the guide rail, the concave lens being fixed on the bracket, and including The swing motor is directly or indirectly connected to the bracket, and the swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected with the controller.

Improvement of scheme 5: The 3D digital model of the marking object is stored in the computer. When the marking laser is shot on the surface of the marking object, the controller according to the digital model of the marking object and the surface spot measuring point of the marking object to the scanning head The distance is calculated from the real-time distance between the marking points on the surface of the marking object and the scanning head, and a signal is sent to the controller, and the controller controls the sliding position of the swinging motor adjusting bracket and the concave lens on the guide rail to dynamically match the marking focal length. The real-time distance between the punctuation and the scan head.

Scheme 6: An auto-focus marking method based on the first scheme or the second scheme, the marking object is placed on the marking machine platform, directly below the scanning head;

Operating the control box, sending a control request to the controller, controlling the laser pointer of the ranging component to emit an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, forming a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object, and the strip-shaped photosensitive area of the photosensitive element is facing the scanning head Receiving photographic information below;

If the strip photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller controls the marking machine to move down or control the upshift of the tray to increase the distance between the scanning head and the marking object to the maximum stroke position, the photosensitive element Re-ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, such as the information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, begins to gradually reduce the distance between the scanning head and the marking object until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the scanning head and the marking object are ingested. The distance between them is basically equal to the focal length of the marking, and if the information of the diffuse reflection spot is still not taken, the work stops and an error is reported;

After ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the table to move to the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is substantially equal to the marking focal length. ;

The distance between the scanning head and the marking object is moved to a position substantially equal to the marking focal length, and the following actions are repeated: the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the supporting machine. The distance moved by the table to the scanning head and the marking object is equal to the marking focal length;

The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser passes through the optical path component and the scanning head and then hits the marking object. The scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for changing. Marking the focal length of the marking laser to adapt to the high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object;

Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller divides the pattern into a map consisting of a dot matrix, and the controller controls the scanning head to scan according to the dot pattern The marking laser is struck on the surface area of the marking object covered by the dot pattern, and the marking component of the optical path component controlling the marking laser falls on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap.

Scheme 7: A laser marking machine, comprising a marking machine for placing a marking object, a frame on the marking machine table, a pallet arranged on the frame, and a laser at the upper end of the pallet a marking component; the laser marking component comprises a laser, an optical path component and a scanning head;

The optical path assembly includes a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses between the laser and the scanning head for adjusting the focal length of the incident laser light; the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path assembly, and is incident on the scanning head; the scanning head includes a plurality of reflective lenses for changing the direction of the marking laser to cause the marking laser to be emitted toward the marking machine;

The optical path assembly more specifically includes a support base, a bracket, a concave lens and a convex lens. The support base is provided with a guide rail extending along the laser optical path. The bracket is disposed on the guide rail and can slide along the guide rail, and the concave lens is fixed on the bracket, and further includes a swing motor directly or indirectly connected to the bracket, the swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected with the controller;

The utility model also comprises a distance measuring component arranged on the pallet or the laser marking component, the distance measuring component comprises a laser pointer and a laser sensor; the distance measuring component is connected with the controller; the laser pointer is used for emitting the indicating laser, the laser to the surface of the marking object The sensor is configured to receive a feedback laser of the surface of the marking surface by the diffuse reflection indicating laser, indicating that the laser does not coincide with the feedback laser; the laser sensor sends the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate the angle between the indicating laser and the feedback laser according to the sensing signal. Once calculated the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head, and feedback the distance information to the controller;

The controller sends a control signal to the swing motor, and the swing motor drives the bracket to slide along the guide rail, so that the marking focal length of the laser marking machine matches the distance between the scanning head of the laser marking component and the surface of the marking object.

Improvement of the seventh scheme: the scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses, and the plurality of reflecting lenses are specifically X mirrors and Y mirrors installed in sequence, the X mirrors are mounted on the rotating output shaft of the X motor, and the Y mirrors are mounted on the Y motor On the rotating output shaft, the direction of the rotation axis of the X motor and the direction of the rotation axis of the Y motor are perpendicular to each other, and the marking laser is sequentially incident on the X mirror and the Y mirror, and after the X mirror and the Y mirror change direction The marking laser is scanned toward the marking machine in a scanning manner.

Improvement of the seventh aspect: the distance measuring component comprises a laser pointer and a laser sensor, the laser sensor specifically comprises a filter and a photosensitive element, the photosensitive element has a strip-shaped photosensitive area, and the filter is arranged in front of the strip-shaped photosensitive area The sheet, the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive region are disposed to have at least one plane simultaneously passing through the laser pointer to indicate an exit direction of the laser and an extending direction of both ends of the strip-shaped photosensitive region;

The laser pointer emits a single wavelength red or infrared indicating laser to the surface of the marking object in a bundle manner, and a diffuse reflection spot is formed on the surface of the marking object, and the diffuse reflection spot is absorbed by the photosensitive element and imaged in the strip photosensitive image after being transmitted through the filter. In the area, the direction of the connection between the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive element is set to be different from the direction in which the laser is emitted;

According to the different imaging positions of the spot on the strip photosensitive area, the angle indicating the direction of the laser exit and the direction of the connection between the spot and the photosensitive element is calculated, and the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head is further calculated, and the distance information is fed back to a controller; the diffuse reflection spot is the feedback laser.

Improvement of the seventh scheme: the rail is provided with a stationary point, the rail on one side of the stationary point forms a moving positive zone, and the rail on the other side forms a moving negative zone, and the moving rail along the moving positive zone moves to a negative In the direction of the zone, a plurality of dithering zones are formed, the carriages reciprocating over any of the dithering zones on the rail.

The improvement of the seventh scheme: the interval of the moving positive region ranges from 0 to 10 mm; and the interval of the moving negative region ranges from 0 to 10 mm.

Improvement of Scheme 7: The range of the jitter zone ranges from 0 to 1 mm.

The improvement of the seventh solution: the guide rail is provided with a positive limiting member and a reverse limiting member, and the positive limiting member is disposed on a side of the guide rail on which the positive region is located, for limiting the movement of the bracket The maximum displacement on the positive zone, the reverse limiting member is disposed on a side of the guide rail on which the negative region is moved for limiting the maximum displacement of the bracket on the negative moving region.

Improvement of the seventh scheme: the laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to a feature point preset on the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive element is used for taking spot information of the feature point, and transmitting spot information to the controller, and the controller calculates the spot information according to the spot information. The characteristic point is to the vertical direction distance of the scanning head and sends a control signal to the swing motor, and the swing motor drives the bracket to slide along the guide rail to the moving positive region or the moving negative region according to the control signal, so that the marking surface of the marking object is located at the laser hitting point. Below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the component.

Improvement of Scheme 7: After the marking point of the laser pointer is below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, the laser pointer is again emitted to the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive element is used to take the spot of the feature point. Information, and send spot information to the controller, the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the swing motor, and the swing motor performs driving fine adjustment calibration according to the fine adjustment signal.

Scheme 8: A method based on scheme 7 for autofocus marking, placing the marking object on the marking machine, directly below the scanning head;

The laser pointer of the control ranging component emits an indication laser to the surface of the marking object, and forms a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object. The laser sensor receives the photosensitive information directly under the scanning head, and the laser sensor transmits the photosensitive information to the controller to control Calculating the distance between the scanning head and the surface of the marking object;

According to the distance information, the controller controls the swing motor, and the swing motor drives the bracket to slide along the guide rail to the moving positive zone or the moving negative zone, so that the marking focal length of the laser marking machine becomes larger or smaller until the laser marking machine is hit. The focal length is substantially equal to the distance between the scanning head and the surface of the marking object;

The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser is sequentially applied to the surface of the marking object after passing through the optical path component and the scanning head, and the scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for Changing the marking focal length of the marking laser to adapt to high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object;

Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller divides the pattern into a map consisting of a dot matrix, and the controller controls the scanning head to scan according to the dot pattern The marking laser is struck on the surface area of the marking object covered by the dot pattern, and the marking component of the optical path component controlling the marking laser falls on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap.

Improvement of Scheme 8: A 3D digital model of the marking object is stored in the computer. When the marking laser is shot on the surface of the marking object, the controller according to the digital model of the marking object and the surface spot measuring point of the marking object to the scanning head The distance is calculated from the real-time distance between the marking points on the surface of the marking object and the scanning head, and a signal is sent to the controller, and the controller controls the sliding position of the swinging motor adjusting bracket and the concave lens on the guide rail to dynamically match the marking focal length. The real-time distance between the point on the surface and the scan head.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: since the invention emits laser light to the surface of the marking object through the laser pointer, the laser sensor is configured to receive the laser light reflected by the surface of the marking object and send the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller calculates the signal according to the first signal. Marking the vertical distance of the surface of the object to the distance measuring component and sending a control signal to the driving component, the first driving component driving the laser marking component according to the control signal to move the marking object to the marking focal length of the laser marking component, or the second The driving component drives the marking machine according to the control signal to move the marking object to the marking focal length of the laser marking component, or the sliding motor drives the bracket to slide along the guide rail to match the marking focal length of the laser marking machine with the laser marking component. The distance between the scan head and the surface of the marking object. Therefore, the application can automatically adjust the distance between the scanning head and the marking object to the marking focal length, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the marking and improving the marking speed.

DRAWINGS

1 is a perspective view showing a structural example of a laser marking machine of the present invention;

2 is a side view showing an example of the structure of a laser marking machine of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the working principle of the laser marking machine of the present invention

4 is a schematic structural view of an optical path assembly of a structural example of a laser marking machine according to the present invention;

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the portion A of Figure 4

6 is a schematic diagram of an autofocus principle of a structural example of a laser marking machine of the present invention;

7 is a schematic structural view of a control box of a structural example of a laser marking machine of the present invention;

8 is a schematic view showing the working principle of a structural example of a distance measuring component in a laser marking machine of the present invention;

9 is a schematic view showing the working principle of another structural example of the laser marking machine of the present invention

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view showing the working principle of another structural example of the laser marking machine of the present invention;

11 is a front view and a plan view of a guide rail of another structural example of the laser marking machine of the present invention;

detailed description

The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Example 1:

A laser marking machine, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, comprises a base 1 on which a frame 2 is arranged, and a vertical extending rail is arranged on the frame 2, and a pallet 3 is arranged on the rail. The pallet 3 is slidable along the guide rails. A laser marking component 4 is disposed on the pallet 3, and the laser marking component 4 is used to generate a marking laser, and the marking laser is emitted from the scanning head 41;

The scanning head includes an X mirror and a Y mirror which are sequentially mounted, the X mirror is mounted on the rotating output shaft of the X motor, and the Y mirror is mounted on the rotating output shaft of the Y motor, and the rotation axis direction of the X motor is opposite to the Y motor The direction of the rotation axis is perpendicular to each other, and the marking laser is sequentially incident on the X mirror and the Y mirror. After the X mirror and the Y mirror change direction, the marking laser is scanned toward the marking machine.

Then, it is irradiated onto the marking object 10 on the marking machine table 11. The laser marking machine pallet 3 is coupled to the first drive assembly, and the first drive assembly 6 is coupled to the controller. The first driving component 6 includes a driver and a screw mechanism, and the control button 81 is manually operated to cause the controller to issue a command to drive the pallet 3 to move up and down along the rail on the frame 2 through the cooperation of the driver and the screw mechanism, thereby adjusting the scanning head. The distance between 41 and the marking object 10.

A distance measuring unit 5 is disposed on one side of the scanning head 41, and a laser pointer and a laser sensor are integrated in the distance measuring unit 5. The laser sensor, the controller and the first drive assembly 6 are electrically connected in sequence. Among them, the laser pointer can be selected with a red laser pointer, and the red laser has high recognizability and is convenient for sensing by the laser sensor.

The first driving component comprises a plurality of driving motors, and the driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to the pallet, the controller controls the driving motor to drive the pallet to move up and down the rack; and further comprises a distance measuring component disposed on the pallet or the laser marking component The distance measuring component comprises a laser pointer and a laser sensor; the distance measuring component, the controller and the first driving component are sequentially connected; the laser pointer is used for emitting an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, and the laser sensor is used for receiving the surface of the marking object The reflection indicates laser feedback laser, indicating that the laser does not coincide with the feedback laser; the laser sensor sends an induction signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate an angle between the indication laser and the feedback laser according to the sensing signal and further calculate the surface of the marking object to the scanning head The controller sends a control signal to the first driving component, and the driving motor of the first driving component drives the laser marking component to move according to the control signal, so that the distance between the scanning head of the laser marking component and the surface of the marking object matches the laser marking The marking focal length of the machine. The laser pointer is configured to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the laser sensor is configured to receive the feedback laser reflected by the characteristic point and send the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate the feature point to the scanning head according to the sensing signal The vertical direction distance sends a control signal to the first driving component, and the first driving component drives the laser marking component to move to the marking surface according to the control signal. The marking starting point is below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component. The laser pointer emits an indication laser to the surface of the marking object after the marking starting point is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, and the laser sensor is used for receiving the diffuse reflection of the surface of the marking object. The laser is fed back and sends a sensing signal to the controller. The controller is configured to calculate a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the sensing signal and send a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component, and the first driving component performs driving fine adjustment calibration according to the fine adjustment signal.

As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the laser marking assembly includes a laser 42, an optical path assembly 43 and a scanning head 41 which are sequentially mounted. The optical path assembly includes a concave lens 433 and a convex lens 434 between the laser and the scanning head for The focal length of the incident laser beam is adjusted, and the marking laser is emitted from the laser and passed through the optical path component to be incident on the scanning head. The scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses for changing the direction of the marking laser to cause the marking laser to be emitted toward the marking machine.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the marking object 10 is specifically marked, after the laser marking machine starts working, the laser pointer emits laser light to the surface of the marking object 10, and the laser generates diffuse reflection on the surface of the marking object 10, and the laser The sensor is configured to receive the laser light reflected by the surface of the marked object 10, thereby generating an induction and transmitting an induction signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate a vertical distance of the surface of the marking object 10 to the ranging component according to the sensing signal. The principle of calculating the distance by the controller is that according to the linear propagation and emission angle of the laser, after the controller calculates the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object 10 to the ranging component, the controller sends a control signal to the first driving component 6, and the first driving component 6 For driving the pallet 3 according to the control signal, the laser marking assembly 4 is moved until the marking object 10 is located on the marking focal length of the laser marking assembly 4. Thereafter, the laser marking machine marks the marking object 10 based on the position of the marking pattern on the virtual model.

In this embodiment, the first driving component 6 includes a driver and a screw mechanism. In other embodiments, the first driving component that can drive the laser marking component 3 to move up and down along the rail on the frame 2 by a control signal is It falls within the scope of protection of this embodiment. Meanwhile, the present embodiment measures the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object 10 to the distance measuring assembly 5.

Example 2:

The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is mainly in the second drive assembly. Specifically:

The laser marking machine comprises a marking machine for placing a marking object on the base and the base, the marking machine can be moved up and down, a frame above the marking machine, a pallet set on the frame, and a tray The laser marking component is arranged on the stage. The laser marking component comprises a laser, an optical path component and a scanning head which are sequentially mounted. The optical path component comprises a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses between the laser and the scanning head for adjusting the beam of the incident laser light. The focal length, the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path component, and is incident on the scanning head. The scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses for changing the direction of the marking laser to cause the marking laser to be emitted toward the marking machine; and the controller and the a second driving component for driving the marking machine to move up and down, the second driving component comprises a plurality of driving motors, the driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to the marking machine table, and the controller controls the driving motor to drive the marking machine to move up and down; Also included is a ranging component disposed on a pallet or laser marking assembly, the ranging component including a laser pointer and a laser sensor; a ranging component, a controller And the second driving component is connected in sequence; the laser pointer is used to emit the indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, and the laser sensor is used for receiving the feedback laser of the diffused reflection indicating laser on the surface of the marking object, indicating that the laser does not coincide with the feedback laser; the laser sensor is The controller sends an induction signal, and the controller is configured to calculate an angle between the indication laser and the feedback laser according to the sensing signal and further calculate a distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head; the controller sends a control signal to the second driving component, and the second driving component The driving motor drives the laser marking component to move according to the control signal, so that the distance between the scanning head of the laser marking component and the surface of the marking object matches the marking focal length of the laser marking machine.

The upper surface of the base is provided with a vertically extending sliding cavity, and the marking machine is disposed in the sliding cavity, and the second driving component connected to the marking machine is disposed in the sliding cavity.

The laser pointer is configured to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the laser sensor is configured to receive the feedback laser reflected by the characteristic point and send the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate the feature point to the scanning head according to the sensing signal The vertical direction distance sends a control signal to the second driving component, and the second driving component drives the marking machine to move to the marking surface according to the control information. The marking starting point is below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component. The laser pointer emits an indication laser on the surface of the marking object after the marking starting point is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, and the laser sensor is used to receive the feedback of the diffuse reflection on the surface of the marking object. The laser sends an induction signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the sensing signal and send a fine adjustment signal to the second driving component, and the second driving component is configured to perform driving fine adjustment calibration according to the fine adjustment signal.

Example 3:

This embodiment is improved on the basis of Embodiment 1 or 2. This embodiment illustrates a scheme of a laser marking machine for a stereo marker.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the marking object 10 is specifically marked, the laser marking machine can also be connected to the external control terminal.

A virtual model of the marking object 10 is built in the control terminal, and the marking pattern is attached to the surface of the virtual model.

Since the virtual model of the marking object 10 is stored in the control terminal, and the parameters of the virtual model are also stored, as long as the distance from any point on the model to the ranging component 5 is known, any other point on the virtual model can be learned to the ranging. The distance to component 5. Therefore, in this embodiment, a feature point needs to be preset on the surface of the marking object 10, and the feature point may be any point that is easily recognized on the surface of the marking object 10, and the highest point or the lowest point of the surface of the marking object 10 may be selected. At the same time, the position of the point corresponding to the feature point in the virtual model is stored.

As shown in FIG. 6, the feature point 101 is preset as the highest point on the surface of the marking object 10, and the marking object 10 is placed on the marking machine table 11, and the marking object 10 is moved to the laser pointer to emit laser light to the feature. Point 101. The laser pointer is used to emit laser light to the feature point 101, the laser sensor is used to receive the laser light reflected at the feature point 101, and the controller 8 calculates the vertical distance of the feature point 101 to the ranging component 5, and then marks any point on the object 10 to The vertical distance of the ranging assembly 5 shows that the laser marking machine can start marking from any point on the marking object 10, thus setting a marking initial point 102 and transmitting a control signal to the driving assembly. The drive assembly is operative to drive movement based on the control signal until the marking initial point 102 is at the marking focal length of the laser marking assembly 4. Thereafter, the internal program of the control terminal controls the laser marking machine to start marking from the marking initial point 102.

Example 4:

In Embodiment 1, when the first driving component 6 drives the laser marking component 4 to move to the marking focal length of the laser marking component 4, the position of the laser marking component 4 and the actual focal length position will be A larger error, especially when the first driving component 6 drives the laser marking component 4 to move a large distance, the error is greater. Therefore, the embodiment provides a fine tuning calibration scheme.

After the laser pointer is driven by the first driving component 6 to move the laser marking component 4 to the marking focal length of the laser marking component 4, the laser pointer again emits laser light to the surface of the marking object, and the laser sensor receives the marking again. The laser reflected from the surface of the object sends an induction signal to the controller, and the controller again calculates the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the ranging component and sends a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component, and the first driving component is used to drive the laser according to the fine tuning signal. The component is fine-tuned to improve the accuracy of the position adjustment.

Example 5:

This embodiment is an improvement on the basis of Embodiments 1 and 2, and the specific improvement is as follows.

A laser marking machine, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, includes a frame and a laser assembly 4 disposed on the frame, the laser marking assembly 4 includes a laser 42 for generating laser light, and is sequentially disposed in the laser 42 A focusing assembly 43 and a scanning head 41 on the optical path of the laser are generated. Also included is a controller 7 and a concentrating mirror drive assembly 61 in which the controller 7, the concentrating mirror drive assembly 61 and the optical path assembly 43 are connected in sequence.

The scanning head 41 includes an X mirror for adjusting the optical path to be deflected in the lateral direction and a Y mirror for adjusting the optical path to be deflected in the longitudinal direction. The marking laser is emitted from the laser 42 and is focused by the optical path assembly 43 and adjusted by the scanning head 41 to be irradiated onto the marking object 10.

The optical path assembly 43 includes a support base 431, a bracket 432, a concave lens 433, and a convex lens 434 (in other embodiments, the positions of the two are interchangeable and should be considered equivalent to the present embodiment). The support base 431 is provided with a guide rail 435 extending along the laser optical path. The bracket 432 is disposed on the guide rail 435 and slidable along the guide rail 435. The concave lens 433 is fixed on the bracket 432, and further includes a swing motor 436 directly or indirectly connected to the bracket. The motor control bracket slides back and forth in the direction of the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected to the controller. Therefore, when the bracket 432 slides on the guide rail 435, the concave lens 433 is also moved. The position of the concave lens 433 at the position of the guide rail 435 corresponds to the focal length of the marking laser, and is passed through the concave lens 433. The movement on the guide rail 435 changes the focal length of the marking laser.

A distance measuring assembly 5 is further provided on the laser marking assembly 4, and the distance measuring assembly 5 includes a laser pointer and a laser sensor. The laser pointer is used to emit laser light to the surface of the marking object, the laser generates diffuse reflection on the surface of the marking object 10, and the laser sensor is used to receive the laser light reflected by the surface of the marking object 10, thereby generating an induction and transmitting a first sensing signal to the controller. The controller 7 is configured to calculate a vertical distance of the surface of the marking object to the ranging component 5 according to the first sensing signal. After calculating the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the ranging component, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the concentrating mirror driving component 61. The concentrating mirror driving component 61 is configured to drive the gantry 3 to move the laser component 4 according to the control signal until the playing The target object is located on the marking focal length of the laser assembly 4.

Example 6

This embodiment is a method for adjusting the distance between the scanning head and the marking object based on the devices of Embodiments 1 and 2.

A method for adjusting a distance between a scanning head and a marking object, the laser pointer emitting a laser to the surface of the marking object; the laser sensor receiving the feedback laser diffused and reflected by the surface of the marking object and transmitting the sensing signal to the controller; The sensing signal calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head and sends a control signal to the first driving component or the second driving component; the first driving component drives the laser marking component according to the control signal or the second driving component drives the driving according to the control information The marking machine moves to the surface of the marking object and the marking starting point is below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component.

The laser pointer emits laser light to a feature point preset on the surface of the marking object; the laser sensor receives the laser light reflected by the feature point and sends an induction signal to the controller.

The laser pointer again emits an indication laser to the surface of the marking object; the laser sensor receives the laser light reflected by the surface of the marking object and sends an induction signal to the controller; the controller calculates the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the sensing signal and The first driving component or the second driving component sends a trimming signal; the first driving component or the second driving component performs driving fine tuning calibration according to the trimming signal.

Example 7

This embodiment is a marking machine autofocus method adopted on the basis of the devices of Embodiments 1 and 2.

A marking machine autofocus method, the optical path assembly comprising a fixed convex lens and a movable concave lens; further comprising a guide rail extending along a direction of the marking laser light, a bracket disposed on the guide rail, the concave lens being fixed on the bracket The utility model further comprises a swing motor directly or indirectly connected with the bracket, the swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail direction, and the swing motor is connected with the controller; the distance between the scan head and the reference point of the surface feature of the marking object matches the laser marking machine After the focal length, the laser pointer again emits an indication laser to the surface of the marking object. The laser sensor receives the feedback laser diffusely reflected on the surface of the marking object and sends a sensing signal to the controller. The controller again calculates the surface characteristics of the marking object according to the sensing signal. The vertical distance from the reference point to the scan head, and a control signal is sent to the swing motor, and the driving bracket and its concave lens slide on the guide rail to change the marking focal length of the marking machine to the marking focal length equal to the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head .

The utility model further comprises a control terminal connected to the controller, wherein the control terminal stores a digital model of the marking object, and the control terminal is based on the digital model of the marking object when the marking laser is incident on the surface of the marking object except the feature reference point. And calculating the real-time distance between the point of the target surface and the scanning head except the characteristic reference point, and sending a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the swing motor adjusting bracket and the concave lens thereof on the guide rail. The sliding position is again such that the marking focal length is equal to the real-time distance of the point of the marking surface other than the feature reference point from the scanning head.

Since the laser lighter emits laser light to the surface of the marking object by the laser pointer, the laser sensor is configured to receive the laser light reflected by the surface of the marking object and send the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller calculates the surface of the marking object according to the first signal to the measurement. a vertical distance from the component and transmitting a control signal to the driving component, the first driving component drives the laser marking component to move according to the control signal to the marking object located on the marking focal length of the laser marking component, or the second driving component is driven according to the control signal The marking machine moves to the marked object at the marking focal length of the laser marking assembly. Therefore, the application can automatically adjust the distance between the scanning head and the marking object to the marking focal length, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the marking and improving the marking speed.

Example 8

A laser marking machine, as shown in the figure, comprises a base 1 on which a frame 2 is arranged, and a vertical extending rail is arranged on the frame 2, and a pallet 3 is arranged on the rail, and the pallet 3 can be Slide along the guide rails.

A laser marking assembly 4 is disposed on the pallet 3, and the laser marking assembly includes a laser, an optical path assembly and a scanning head 41 which are sequentially mounted, and the laser marking assembly 4 is used to generate a marking laser, and the marking laser is emitted from the scanning head 41. Then, it is irradiated onto the marking object 10 on the marking platform 11.

The laser marking machine pallet 3 is connected to the first drive assembly 6, and the first drive assembly 6 is connected to the controller 7. The first drive assembly 6 includes a driver and a screw mechanism.

Also included is a control box 8 that is coupled to the controller, and a control button 81 is provided on the control box for controlling the ranging assembly to initiate and/or stop the ranging procedure. The control button 81 is manually operated to cause the controller to issue an instruction.

The carriage 3 is driven up and down along the guide rails on the frame 2 by the cooperation of the driver and the screw mechanism, thereby adjusting the distance between the scanning head 41 and the marking object 10.

The scanning head includes an X mirror and a Y mirror which are sequentially mounted, the X mirror is mounted on the rotating output shaft of the X motor, and the Y mirror is mounted on the rotating output shaft of the Y motor, and the rotation axis direction of the X motor is opposite to the Y motor The direction of the rotation axis is perpendicular to each other, and the marking laser is sequentially incident on the X mirror and the Y mirror. After the X mirror and the Y mirror change direction, the marking laser is scanned toward the marking machine.

A measuring unit 5 is disposed on one side of the scanning head 41. The distance measuring unit 5 includes a laser pointer 51, a focusing lens 52, a filter 53, a collecting lens 54, and a photosensitive element 55. The photosensitive element 55 has a strip shape thereon. The illuminating lens 54 and the filter 53 are disposed in front of the strip-shaped photosensitive area, and the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive area are disposed to have at least one plane simultaneously passing through the laser pointer to indicate the outgoing direction of the laser and the strip-shaped sensitization. Both ends of the area extend in the direction.

The photosensitive element 55, the controller 7 and the first driving assembly 6 are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the laser pointer 51 emits a single wavelength of red or infrared indicating laser light to the surface of the marking object via the focusing lens 54 in a bundled manner, and the surface of the marking object is formed. The diffuse reflection spots E, F, and the diffuse reflection spots are transmitted through the filter element 53 and the collecting lens 54, and are taken up by the photosensitive element 55 and imaged on the strip-shaped photosensitive area. As shown, the spot E is on the strip-shaped photosensitive area. The image is de, the image of the spot F on the strip-shaped photosensitive area is df, and the imaging positions of the different height positions on the strip-shaped photosensitive area are different, and have a triangular relationship with each other.

The direction in which the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive member are connected is set so as not to coincide with the direction in which the laser is emitted.

The positional and angular relationship between the scanning head 41, the light indicator 51, the focusing lens 52, the filter 53, the collecting lens 54, and the photosensitive member 55 is known to each other depending on the different imaging of the spot on the strip-shaped photosensitive region. Position, combined with known data, calculate an angle α, β indicating the direction in which the laser is emitted and the direction in which the spot and the photosensitive element are connected, and further calculate the distance from the surface E, F of the marking object to the scanning head 41, and the distance Information is fed back to the controller.

The controller 7 of the present invention generally refers to a device for executing control commands and arithmetic data, which may be a large integrated circuit controller (CPU), or may be split into a plurality of small controllers according to functional requirements. In the different positions, the above settings are equivalent.

As shown, the laser marking assembly includes a laser 42, a light path assembly 43, and a scanning head 41 that are sequentially mounted.

The optical path assembly 43 includes a support base 431, a bracket 432, a concave lens 433, and a convex lens 434 (in other embodiments, the convex lens and the concave lens may be interchanged and should be considered equivalent to the present embodiment). The support base 431 is provided with a guide rail 435 extending along the laser optical path. The bracket 432 is disposed on the guide rail 435 and slidable along the guide rail 435. The concave lens 433 (focus lens) is fixed on the bracket 432, and further includes a direct or indirect connection with the bracket. The swing motor 436 swings the motor control bracket back and forth in the direction of the guide rail, and the swing motor 436 is connected to the controller 7.

Therefore, when the bracket 432 slides on the guide rail 435, the concave lens 433 is also moved. The position of the concave lens 433 at the position of the guide rail 435 corresponds to the focal length of the marking laser. The marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path assembly 43, is incident on the scanning head 41, and passes through the concave lens. The movement of the 433 on the guide rail 435 changes the focal length of the marking laser.

As shown in the figure, when the marking object 10 is specifically marked, after the laser marking machine starts working, the laser pointer emits laser light to the surface of the marking object 10, and the laser generates diffuse reflection on the surface of the marking object 10, and the photosensitive element It is configured to receive the laser light reflected by the surface of the marked object 10 to generate an induction and send an induction signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate a vertical distance of the surface of the marking object 10 to the ranging component according to the sensing signal. The controller calculates the distance according to the linear propagation and emission angle of the laser. After the controller calculates the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object 10 to the ranging component, the controller sends a control signal to the first driving component 6, and the first driving component 6 uses The laser marking assembly 4 is driven to drive the pallet 3 according to the control signal until the marking object 10 is located on the marking focal length of the laser marking assembly 4. Thereafter, the laser marking machine marks the marking object 10 according to the position of the marking pattern on the virtual model.

In this embodiment, the first driving component 6 includes a driver and a screw mechanism. In other embodiments, the first driving component that can drive the laser marking component 3 to move up and down along the rail on the frame 2 by a control signal is It falls within the scope of protection of this embodiment. Meanwhile, the present embodiment measures the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object 10 to the distance measuring assembly 5.

In this embodiment, the laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the photosensitive element is used to take spot information of the feature point, and send spot information to the controller, and the controller calculates the feature point according to the spot information. Going to the vertical direction of the scan head and sending a control signal to the first driving component, the first driving component drives the pallet movement according to the control signal to drive the marking machine to move according to the control information, so that the marking surface of the marking object is located at the laser Below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the component.

After the marking point of the laser pointer is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, the laser pointer is again emitted to the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive element is used for taking the spot information of the feature point and controlling the spot. The device sends the spot information, and the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component, and the first driving component performs driving fine adjustment calibration according to the fine adjustment signal.

Example 9

The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is mainly in the second drive assembly. Specifically:

The laser marking machine of the embodiment comprises a marking machine for placing a marking object on the base and the base, and the marking machine can be moved up and down, and the frame is located above the marking machine, and is arranged on the frame. The pallet is provided with a laser marking component, and the laser marking component comprises a laser, an optical path component and a scanning head which are sequentially installed.

The optical path assembly includes a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses between the laser and the scanning head for adjusting the focal length of the incident laser beam, the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path assembly, and is incident on the scanning head, and the scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses. It is used to change the direction of the marking laser so that the marking laser is emitted toward the marking machine.

The controller further includes a second driving component for driving the marking machine to move up and down, the second driving component comprises a plurality of driving motors, and the driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to the marking machine, and the controller controls the driving motor to drive the marking The machine moves up and down.

The utility model further comprises a distance measuring component arranged on the laser marking component, wherein the distance measuring component, the controller and the second driving component are connected in sequence; the distance measuring component comprises at least a laser pointer, a filter and a photosensitive element, and the photosensitive element has a strip shape In the photosensitive region, the filter is disposed in front of the strip-shaped photosensitive region, and the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive region are disposed to have at least one plane simultaneously passing through the laser pointer to indicate the exit direction of the laser and the extending direction of both ends of the strip-shaped photosensitive region. .

The laser pointer emits a single wavelength red or infrared indicating laser to the surface of the marking object in a bundle manner, and a diffuse reflection spot is formed on the surface of the marking object, and the diffuse reflection spot is absorbed by the photosensitive element and imaged in the strip photosensitive image after being transmitted through the filter. In the area, the connection direction of the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive element is set to be inconsistent with the direction of the indication laser exiting direction; and the direction of the laser exit direction and the direction of the connection between the spot and the photosensitive element are calculated according to the different imaging positions of the spot on the strip-shaped photosensitive area. The angle is further calculated and the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head is further calculated, and the distance information is fed back to the controller.

The controller sends a control signal to the second driving component, and the driving motor of the second driving component drives the marking machine to move according to the control signal, so that the surface of the marking object on the marking machine matches the scanning head of the laser marking component The marking focal length of the laser marking machine.

The upper surface of the base is provided with a vertically extending sliding cavity, and the marking machine is disposed in the sliding cavity, and the second driving component connected to the marking platform is disposed in the sliding cavity.

A control box is further included, and the control box is connected to the controller, and the control box is provided with a control button for controlling the ranging component to start and/or stop the ranging procedure.

The laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the photosensitive element is used for taking spot information of the feature point, and the spot information is sent to the controller, and the controller calculates the vertical point of the feature point to the scan head according to the spot information. The direction distance sends a control signal to the second driving component, and the second driving component drives the marking machine to move according to the control information, so that the starting point of the marking surface is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component.

After the marking point of the laser pointer is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, the laser pointer is again emitted to the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive element is used for taking the spot information of the feature point and controlling the spot. The device sends the spot information, the controller calculates the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the second driving component, and the second driving component performs driving fine adjustment calibration according to the fine adjustment signal.

Example 10:

This embodiment is improved on the basis of Embodiment 8 or 9. This embodiment is a scheme of a laser marking machine for a stereo marker.

As shown, the laser marking machine can also be connected to an external control terminal, such as a computer with a display screen, when marking the marking object 10. A virtual model of the marking object 10 is built in the control terminal, and the marking pattern is attached to the surface of the virtual model.

Since the virtual model of the marking object 10 is stored in the control terminal, and the parameters of the virtual model are also stored, as long as the distance from any point on the model to the ranging component 5 is known, any other point on the virtual model can be learned to the ranging. The distance of component 5. Therefore, in this embodiment, a feature point needs to be preset on the surface of the marking object 10, and the feature point may be any point that is easily recognized on the surface of the marking object 10, and the highest point or the lowest point of the surface of the marking object 10 may be selected. At the same time, the position of the point corresponding to the feature point in the virtual model is stored.

As shown in the figure, the feature point 101 is preset as the highest point on the surface of the marking object 10, and the marking object 10 is placed on the marking platform 11, and the laser beam emitted from the marking object 10 to the laser pointer is irradiated to the feature point 101. on. The laser pointer is used to emit laser light to the feature point 101, the photosensitive element is used to receive the laser light reflected at the feature point 101, and the controller 8 calculates the vertical distance of the feature point 101 to the ranging component 5, and then marks any point on the object 10 to The vertical distance of the ranging assembly 5 shows that the laser marking machine can start marking from any point on the marking object 10, thus setting a marking initial point 102 and transmitting a control signal to the driving assembly. The drive assembly is operative to drive movement based on the control signal until the marking initial point 102 is at the marking focal length of the laser marking assembly 4. Thereafter, the internal program of the control terminal controls the laser marking machine to start marking from the marking initial point 102.

Example 11

In Embodiment 8, when the first driving component 6 drives the laser marking component 4 to move to the marking focal length of the laser marking component 4, the position of the laser marking component 4 and the actual focal length position may be A larger error, especially when the first driving component 6 drives the laser marking component 4 to move a large distance, the error is greater. Therefore, the embodiment provides a fine tuning calibration scheme.

After the laser pointer is driven by the first driving component 6 to move the laser marking component 4 to the marking focal length of the laser marking component 4, the laser pointer again emits an indicating laser light to the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive component receives the marking again. The laser reflected from the surface of the object and sending an induction signal to the controller, the controller again calculates the vertical distance of the surface of the marking object to the distance measuring component and sends a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component, and the first driving component is used to drive the laser according to the fine tuning signal The marking component is fine-tuned to improve the accuracy of the position adjustment.

Example 12

This embodiment is an improvement on the basis of Embodiments 8 and 9, and the specific improvement is as follows.

A laser marking machine, as shown, includes a frame and a laser assembly 4 disposed on the frame, the laser marking assembly 4 including a laser 42 for generating laser light and light sequentially disposed on the laser light generated by the laser 42 The optical path assembly 43 and the scanning head 41 on the road.

The scanning head 41 includes an X mirror 411 for adjusting the optical path to be deflected in the lateral direction, and a Y mirror 412 for adjusting the optical path to be deflected in the longitudinal direction. The marking laser is emitted from the laser 42 and is focused by the optical path assembly 43 and adjusted by the scanning head 44 to illuminate the surface of the marking object on the marking platform 10.

Example 13

This embodiment is an autofocus marking method adopted on the basis of the device of the above embodiment.

In the autofocus marking method of the laser marking machine of this embodiment, the marking object is placed on the marking machine table, directly under the scanning head.

Operating the control box, sending a control request to the controller, controlling the laser pointer of the ranging component to emit an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, forming a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object, and the strip-shaped photosensitive area of the photosensitive element is facing the scanning head Receive photographic information below.

If the strip photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller controls the marking machine to move down or control the upshift of the tray to increase the distance between the scanning head and the marking object, and the photosensitive element is ingested again. Information on the diffuse reflection spot, such as information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, increases the distance between the scan head and the target again until the information or distance of the diffuse reflection spot is increased to the end of the stroke.

If the information of the diffuse reflection spot is not taken at the end of the stroke, the distance between the scan head and the marking object is gradually reduced until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is basically It is equal to the marking focal length. If the information of the diffuse reflection spot is still not taken, it stops working and gives an error.

After ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the table to move to the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is substantially equal to the marking focal length. .

The distance between the scanning head and the marking object is moved to a position substantially equal to the marking focal length, and the following actions are repeated: the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the supporting machine. The distance moved by the table to the scanning head and the marking object is equal to the marking focal length.

The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser passes through the optical path component and the scanning head and then hits the marking object. The scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for changing. The marking focal length of the marking laser is adapted to the high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object.

Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller divides the pattern into a map consisting of a dot matrix, and the controller controls the scanning head to scan according to the dot pattern The marking laser is struck on the surface area of the marking object covered by the dot pattern, and the marking component of the optical path component controlling the marking laser falls on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap.

The optical path assembly comprises at least one fixed convex lens and at least one movable concave lens; further comprising a guide rail extending along the direction of the marking laser light, a bracket disposed on the rail, the concave lens being fixed on the bracket, and further comprising directly or indirectly connected to the bracket The swing motor, the swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected to the controller.

The computer stores a 3D digital model of the marking object. When the marking laser is shot on the surface of the marking object, the controller calculates the hitting according to the digital model of the marking object and the distance from the surface spot measuring point of the marking object to the scanning head. The real-time distance between the marking points on the surface of the target and the scanning head, and sends a signal to the controller. The controller controls the sliding position of the swinging motor adjusting bracket and the concave lens on the guide rail to dynamically match the marking focal length with the marking point and the scanning head. Real-time distance.

The laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the photosensitive element is used for taking spot information of the feature point, and the spot information is sent to the controller, and the controller calculates the vertical point of the feature point to the scan head according to the spot information. Directional distance and sending a control signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, the first driving component drives the pallet movement according to the control signal or the second driving component drives the marking machine to move according to the control information, so that the surface of the marking object is marked The starting point is below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking assembly.

After the marking point of the laser pointer is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, the laser pointer is again emitted to the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive element is used for taking the spot information of the feature point and controlling the spot. Transmitting the spot information, the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, and the first driving component or the second driving component is configured to adjust the signal according to the fine adjustment Perform a fine tuning calibration.

Example 14

This embodiment is an autofocus marking method adopted on the basis of the device of the above embodiment.

In the autofocus marking method of the laser marking machine of this embodiment, the marking object is placed on the marking machine table, directly under the scanning head.

Operating the control box, sending a control request to the controller, controlling the laser pointer of the ranging component to emit an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, forming a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object, and the strip-shaped photosensitive area of the photosensitive element is facing the scanning head Receive photographic information below.

If the strip photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller controls the marking machine to move down or control the upshift of the tray to increase the distance between the scanning head and the marking object to the maximum stroke position, the photosensitive element Re-ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, such as the information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, begins to gradually reduce the distance between the scanning head and the marking object until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the scanning head and the marking object are ingested. The distance between them is basically equal to the marking focal length, and if the information of the diffuse reflection spot is still not taken, the work stops and an error is reported.

After ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the table to move to the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is substantially equal to the marking focal length. .

The distance between the scanning head and the marking object is moved to a position substantially equal to the marking focal length, and the following actions are repeated: the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the supporting machine. The distance moved by the table to the scanning head and the marking object is equal to the marking focal length.

The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser passes through the optical path component and the scanning head and then hits the marking object. The scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for changing. The marking focal length of the marking laser is adapted to the high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object.

Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller divides the pattern into a map consisting of a dot matrix, and the controller controls the scanning head to scan according to the dot pattern The marking laser is struck on the surface area of the marking object covered by the dot pattern, and the marking component of the optical path component controlling the marking laser falls on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap.

The optical path assembly comprises a fixed convex lens and a movable concave lens; further comprising a guide rail extending along the direction of the marking laser light, a bracket disposed on the rail, the concave lens being fixed on the bracket, and further comprising a swing directly or indirectly connected to the bracket The motor and the swing motor control bracket slide back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected with the controller.

The computer stores a 3D digital model of the marking object. When the marking laser is shot on the surface of the marking object, the controller calculates the hitting according to the digital model of the marking object and the distance from the surface spot measuring point of the marking object to the scanning head. The real-time distance between the marking points on the surface of the target and the scanning head, and sends a signal to the controller. The controller controls the sliding position of the swinging motor adjusting bracket and the concave lens on the guide rail to dynamically match the marking focal length with the marking point and the scanning head. Real-time distance.

The laser pointer is used to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, the photosensitive element is used for taking spot information of the feature point, and the spot information is sent to the controller, and the controller calculates the vertical point of the feature point to the scan head according to the spot information. Directional distance and sending a control signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, the first driving component drives the pallet movement according to the control signal or the second driving component drives the marking machine to move according to the control information, so that the surface of the marking object is marked The starting point is below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking assembly.

After the marking point of the laser pointer is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component, the laser pointer is again emitted to the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive element is used for taking the spot information of the feature point and controlling the spot. Transmitting the spot information, the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, and the first driving component or the second driving component is configured to adjust the signal according to the fine adjustment Perform a fine tuning calibration.

The photosensitive element is configured to take in the spot information reflected by the surface of the marked object and send the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller calculates the distance from the surface of the marking object to the ranging component according to the sensing signal and sends a control signal to the driving component, the first driving component Driving the laser marking component according to the control signal to move the marking object to the marking focal length of the laser marking component, or the second driving component drives the marking platform according to the control signal to move the marking object to the marking focal length of the laser marking component The autofocus marking method of the invention ensures the accuracy of the marking and improves the marking speed.

Example 15

This embodiment is an improvement on the basis of Embodiments 8 and 9, and the specific improvement is as follows.

The optical path assembly 43 includes a fixed convex lens and a movable concave lens. The optical path assembly 43 further includes a support base 431, a bracket 432, a concave lens 433, and a convex lens 434. (Other embodiments, the convex lens and the concave lens are interchangeable, and should be considered The scheme is an equivalent setting). The support base 431 is provided with a guide rail 435 extending along the laser optical path. The bracket 432 is disposed on the guide rail 435 and slidable along the guide rail 435. The concave lens 433 (focus lens) is fixed on the bracket 432, and further includes a direct or indirect connection with the bracket 432. The swing motor 436, the swing motor 436 controls the bracket 432 to slide back and forth in the direction of the guide rail 435, and the swing motor 436 is connected to the controller 7.

Therefore, when the bracket 432 slides on the guide rail 435, the concave lens 433 is also moved. The position of the concave lens 433 at the position of the guide rail 435 corresponds to the focal length of the marking laser. The marking laser is emitted from the laser 42 and passes through the optical path assembly 43 to be incident on the scanning head 41. The movement of the concave lens 433 on the guide rail 435 changes the focal length of the marking laser.

The laser pointer 51 emits a single wavelength red or infrared indicating laser to the surface of the marking object in a bundle manner, and the surface of the marking object forms a diffuse reflection spot, and the diffuse reflection spot is absorbed by the photosensitive element and imaged after being transmitted through the filter. In the strip-shaped photosensitive region, the direction of the connection between the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive element is set to be different from the direction in which the laser is emitted; the direction of the laser exit is determined according to the different imaging positions of the spot on the strip-shaped photosensitive area, and the spot and the photosensitive element are connected. The angle of the line direction, and further calculate the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head, and feed back the distance information to the controller;

The controller 7 sends a control signal to the swing motor 436, and the swing motor 436 drives the bracket 432 to slide along the guide rail 435, so that the distance between the scan head 41 of the laser marking assembly 4 and the surface of the marking object matches the laser marking machine. The marking focal length.

The guide rail 435 is provided with a stationary point 437, the guide rail 435 on one side of the stationary point 437 forms a moving positive zone 438, and the other side of the guide rail 435 forms a moving negative zone 439 along which the moving positive zone In the direction of the moving negative zone 439, a plurality of dithering zones 440 are formed, and the bracket 432 reciprocates within the range of any of the dithering zones 440 on the rail 435.

The interval of the moving positive zone ranges from 0 to 6 mm; and the interval of the moving negative zone ranges from 0 to 6 mm.

The interval of the jitter zone ranges from 0 to 1 mm.

The guide rail 435 is provided with a positive limiting member 4351 and a reverse limiting member 4352. The positive limiting member 4351 is disposed on a side of the guiding rail 435 on which the positive portion 438 is located for limiting the bracket 432. In the maximum displacement on the moving positive zone 438, the reverse stop 4352 is disposed on the side of the guide rail 435 on which the negative zone 439 is moved for limiting the maximum displacement of the bracket 432 on the moving negative zone 439.

The laser pointer 51 is configured to emit an indication laser to the feature point 101 preset on the surface of the marking object, the photosensitive element 55 is used to take spot information of the feature point 101, and send spot information to the controller 7, and the controller 7 according to the spot The information calculates the vertical direction distance from the feature point 101 to the scan head 41 and sends a control signal to the swing motor 436, which swings the carriage 432 along the guide rail 435 to the moving positive zone 438 or the moving negative zone 439 according to the control signal. The controller sends a control signal to the swing motor, and the swing motor drives the bracket to slide along the guide rail, so that the marking focal length of the laser marking machine matches the distance between the scanning head of the laser marking component and the surface of the marking object.

The laser pointer 51 emits an instruction laser light to the surface of the marking object again after the marking starting point of the marking object is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head 41 of the laser marking component, and the photosensitive element 55 is used for capturing the spot information of the feature point 101. And transmitting the spot information to the controller 7, the controller 7 calculates the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head 41 based on the spot information and transmits a fine adjustment signal to the swing motor 436, and the swing motor 436 performs the drive fine adjustment calibration according to the fine adjustment signal.

As shown, the laser marking machine can also be connected to an external control terminal, such as a computer with a display screen, when marking the marking object 10. A virtual model of the marking object 10 is built in the control terminal, and the marking pattern is attached to the surface of the virtual model.

Since the virtual model of the marking object 10 is stored in the control terminal, and the parameters of the virtual model are also stored, as long as the distance from any point on the model to the ranging component 5 is known, any other point on the virtual model can be learned to the ranging. The distance of component 5. Therefore, in this embodiment, a feature point 101 needs to be preset on the surface of the marking object 10, and the feature point may be any point that is easily recognized on the surface of the marking object 10, and the highest point or the lowest point of the surface of the marking object 10 may be selected. . At the same time, the position of the point corresponding to the feature point in the virtual model is stored.

As shown in the figure, the feature point 101 is preset as the highest point on the surface of the marking object 10, and the marking object 10 is placed on the marking platform 11, and the laser beam emitted from the marking object 10 to the laser pointer is irradiated to the feature point 101. on. The laser pointer is used to emit laser light to the feature point 101, the photosensitive element is used to receive the laser light reflected at the feature point 101, and the controller 8 calculates the vertical distance of the feature point 101 to the ranging component 5, and then marks any point on the object 10 to The vertical distance of the distance measuring assembly 5 shows that the laser marking machine can start marking from any point on the marking object 10, thus setting a marking initial point 102 and transmitting a control signal to the swinging motor. The swing motor is used to drive the carriage movement according to the control signal until the marking initial point 102 is located on the marking focal length of the laser marking assembly 4. Thereafter, the internal program of the control terminal controls the laser marking machine to start marking from the marking initial point 102.

Example 16:

This embodiment provides an automatic focus marking method based on Embodiment 15.

The marking object is placed on the marking machine table 1 directly under the scanning head 41; the laser pointer 51 of the control ranging component 5 emits an indicating laser light to the surface of the marking object to form a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object. The strip-shaped photosensitive area of the photosensitive element 55 receives the photosensitive information directly under the scanning head 41;

If the strip-shaped photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller 7 controls the swing motor 436, which drives the bracket 432 to slide along the guide rail 435 to the moving positive zone 438 or the moving negative zone 439 to mark the laser The distance between the focus and the marking position on the marking object is increased, and the photosensitive element 55 is again taken up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, such as the information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, and then the laser marking focus is increased again. The distance between the marked positions on the marking object until the information or distance of the diffuse reflection spot is increased to the end of the stroke;

If the information of the diffuse reflection spot is not taken at the end of the stroke, the distance between the laser marking focus and the marking position on the marking object is gradually reduced until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the laser and the marking object are ingested. The distance between the marked positions is substantially equal to the marking focal length, and if the information of the diffuse reflection spot is still not taken, the work is stopped and an error is reported;

The distance between the scanning head and the marking object is moved to a position substantially equal to the marking focal length, and the following actions are repeated several times:

The laser 42 emits a marking laser, and the marking laser passes through the optical path assembly 43 and the scanning head 41 to hit the marking object. The scanning head 41 is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner. The component 43 is configured to change the marking focal length of the marking laser to adapt to high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object;

Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller 7 divides the pattern into a map composed of a dot matrix, and the controller 7 controls the scanning head according to the dot pattern. The marking laser is scanned on the surface area of the marking object covered by the bitmap, and the optical path component 43 controls the marking focus of the marking laser to fall on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap. .

The computer stores a 3D digital model of the marking object. When the marking laser is shot on the surface of the marking object, the controller 7 calculates the digital model of the marking object and the distance from the surface spot measuring point of the marking object to the scanning head. The real-time distance between each marking point on the surface of the marking object and the scanning head 41, and a signal is sent to the controller 7, and the controller 7 controls the swinging motor 436 to adjust the sliding position of the bracket 432 and its concave lens on the guide rail to dynamically match the marking focal length. The real-time distance between the marking point and the scanning head 41. The laser pointer 51 is for emitting an indication laser to a feature point preset on the surface of the marking object, the photosensitive element 55 is for taking spot information of the feature point, and transmitting spot information to the controller 7, and the controller 7 calculates the feature point based on the spot information. To the vertical direction of the scanning head 41 and send a control signal to the swing motor 436, the swing motor 436 drives the carriage 432 to move according to the control signal, so that the marking surface starting point is located below the marking focal length of the laser marking unit scanning head 41. .

The laser pointer 51 emits an instruction laser light to the surface of the marking object 10 again after the marking starting point of the marking object is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head 41 of the laser marking component 4, and the photosensitive element 55 is used for taking the spot of the feature point. The information is sent to the controller 7 and the controller 7 calculates the vertical distance from the surface of the marking object 10 to the scanning head 41 based on the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the swing motor 436. The swing motor 436 drives the bracket 432 to fine tune the calibration according to the fine adjustment signal. .

Example 17

On the basis of any of Embodiments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, and 12, improvements are made as follows.

The optical path assembly 43 includes a fixed convex lens and a movable concave lens. The optical path assembly 43 further includes a support base 431, a bracket 432, a concave lens 433, and a convex lens 434. (Other embodiments, the convex lens and the concave lens are interchangeable, and should be considered The scheme is an equivalent setting). The support base 431 is provided with a guide rail 435 extending along the laser optical path. The bracket 432 is disposed on the guide rail 435 and slidable along the guide rail 435. The concave lens 433 (focus lens) is fixed on the bracket 432, and further includes a direct or indirect connection with the bracket 432. The swing motor 436, the swing motor 436 controls the bracket 432 to slide back and forth in the direction of the guide rail 435, and the swing motor 436 is connected to the controller 7.

Therefore, when the bracket 432 slides on the guide rail 435, the concave lens 433 is also moved. The position of the concave lens 433 at the position of the guide rail 435 corresponds to the focal length of the marking laser. The marking laser is emitted from the laser 42 and passes through the optical path assembly 43 to be incident on the scanning head 41. The movement of the concave lens 433 on the guide rail 435 changes the focal length of the marking laser.

The guide rail 435 is provided with a stationary point 437, the guide rail 435 on one side of the stationary point 437 forms a moving positive zone 438, and the other side of the guide rail 435 forms a moving negative zone 439 along which the moving positive zone In the direction of the moving negative zone 439, a plurality of dithering zones 440 are formed, and the bracket 432 reciprocates within the range of any of the dithering zones 440 on the rail 435.

The interval of the moving positive zone ranges from 0 to 5 mm; and the interval of the moving negative zone ranges from 0 to 5 mm.

The interval of the jitter zone ranges from 0 to 1 mm.

The guide rail 435 is provided with a positive limiting member 4351 and a reverse limiting member 4352. The positive limiting member 4351 is disposed on a side of the guiding rail 435 on which the positive portion 438 is located for limiting the bracket 432. In the maximum displacement on the moving positive zone 438, the reverse stop 4352 is disposed on the side of the guide rail 435 on which the negative zone 439 is moved for limiting the maximum displacement of the bracket 432 on the moving negative zone 439.

Example 18

An autofocus marking method based on Embodiment 15 is to place a marking object on a marking machine, directly below the scanning head;

The laser pointer of the control ranging component emits an indication laser to the surface of the marking object, and forms a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object. The laser sensor receives the photosensitive information directly under the scanning head, and the laser sensor transmits the photosensitive information to the controller to control Calculating the distance between the scanning head and the surface of the marking object;

According to the distance information, the controller controls the swing motor, and the swing motor drives the bracket to slide along the guide rail to the moving positive zone or the moving negative zone, so that the marking focal length of the laser marking machine becomes larger or smaller until the laser marking machine is hit. The focal length is substantially equal to the distance between the scanning head and the surface of the marking object;

The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser is sequentially applied to the surface of the marking object after passing through the optical path component and the scanning head, and the scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for Changing the marking focal length of the marking laser to adapt to high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object;

Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller divides the pattern into a map consisting of a dot matrix, and the controller controls the scanning head to scan according to the dot pattern The marking laser is struck on the surface area of the marking object covered by the dot pattern, and the marking component of the optical path component controlling the marking laser falls on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap.

The computer stores a 3D digital model of the marking object. When the marking laser is shot on the surface of the marking object, the controller calculates the hitting according to the digital model of the marking object and the distance from the surface spot measuring point of the marking object to the scanning head. The real-time distance between each marking point on the surface of the target and the scanning head, and sends a signal to the controller, the controller controls the sliding position of the swinging motor adjusting bracket and its concave lens on the guide rail to dynamically match the marking focal length to the point on the marking surface Real-time distance from the scan head.

Variations and modifications of the above-described embodiments may also be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above disclosure. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described, and the modifications and variations of the invention are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. In addition, although specific terms are used in the specification, these terms are merely for convenience of description and do not limit the invention.

Claims (34)

A laser marking machine, comprising: a marking machine for placing a marking object, a frame on the marking machine table, a pallet arranged on the frame and movable up and down the frame, The laser marking component is arranged on the pallet, the laser marking component comprises a laser, an optical path component and a scanning head which are sequentially installed, and the optical path component comprises a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses between the laser and the scanning head for adjusting the incident laser light. The focal length of the beam, the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path component, and is incident on the scanning head. The scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses for changing the direction of the marking laser to cause the marking laser to be emitted toward the marking machine; and the controller And a first driving component disposed on the frame for driving the pallet to move up and down the rack, the first driving component includes a plurality of driving motors, and the driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to the pallet, and the controller controls the driving motor to drive the pallet Move up and down the rack; The utility model also comprises a distance measuring component arranged on the pallet or the laser marking component, the distance measuring component comprises a laser pointer and a laser sensor; the distance measuring component, the controller and the first driving component are connected in sequence; the laser pointer is used for marking the object The surface emitting indicator laser, the laser sensor is configured to receive the feedback laser of the surface of the marking object by the diffuse reflection indicating laser, the indicating laser does not coincide with the feedback laser; the laser sensor sends the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate the indicating laser according to the sensing signal The angle of the feedback laser is further calculated to calculate the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head; the controller sends a control signal to the first driving component, and the driving motor of the first driving component drives the laser marking component to move according to the control signal, so that the laser strikes The distance between the scanning head of the standard component and the surface of the marking object matches the marking focal length of the laser marking machine. The invention relates to a laser marking machine, which comprises: a marking machine for placing a marking object on a base and a base, the marking machine can be moved up and down, and the frame is located above the marking machine, and is arranged in the frame. The upper tray is provided with a laser marking component. The laser marking component comprises a laser, an optical path component and a scanning head which are sequentially mounted. The optical path component comprises a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses, which are located between the laser and the scanning head. In order to adjust the focal length of the incident laser beam, the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path component, and is incident on the scanning head. The scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses for changing the direction of the marking laser, so that the marking laser is emitted toward the marking machine. And a controller and a second driving component for driving the marking machine to move up and down, the second driving component comprises a plurality of driving motors, and the driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to the marking machine, and the controller controls the driving motor to drive The standard machine moves up and down; The utility model also comprises a distance measuring component arranged on the pallet or the laser marking component, the distance measuring component comprises a laser pointer and a laser sensor; the distance measuring component, the controller and the second driving component are connected in sequence; the laser pointer is used for marking the object The surface emitting indicator laser, the laser sensor is configured to receive the feedback laser of the surface of the marking object by the diffuse reflection indicating laser, the indicating laser does not coincide with the feedback laser; the laser sensor sends the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate the indicating laser according to the sensing signal The angle of the feedback laser is further calculated to calculate the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head; the controller sends a control signal to the second driving component, and the driving motor of the second driving component drives the marking machine to move according to the control signal, so that the laser strikes The distance between the scanning head of the standard component and the surface of the marking object matches the marking focal length of the laser marking machine. The laser marking machine according to claim 2, wherein the upper surface of the base is provided with a vertically extending sliding cavity, the marking machine is disposed in the sliding cavity, and the sliding cavity is disposed in the sliding cavity. The second drive component is described. The laser marking machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the laser pointer is configured to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, and the laser sensor is configured to receive the feedback laser reflected by the characteristic point and The controller sends a sensing signal, and the controller is configured to calculate a vertical distance of the feature point to the scan head according to the sensing signal and send a control signal to the first driving component or the second driving component, and the first driving component drives the laser marking component according to the control signal or The second driving component drives the marking machine to move to the marking surface according to the control information. The marking starting point is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component. The laser marking machine according to claim 4, wherein the laser pointer emits an indication to the surface of the marking object again after the marking starting point is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component. a laser, the laser sensor is configured to receive a feedback laser that is diffusely reflected on the surface of the marking object and send an induction signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the sensing signal and to the first driving component or the first The second driving component sends a trimming signal, and the first driving component or the second driving component is configured to perform driving fine tuning calibration according to the trimming signal. The laser marking machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the scanning head comprises a plurality of reflecting lenses, and the plurality of reflecting lenses are specifically X mirrors and Y mirrors which are sequentially mounted, and the X mirrors are mounted on the X motor. On the rotating output shaft, the Y mirror is mounted on the rotating output shaft of the Y motor, and the direction of the rotation axis of the X motor is perpendicular to the direction of the axis of rotation of the Y motor, and the marking laser is sequentially incident on the X mirror and the Y mirror. Then, after the X mirror and the Y mirror change direction, the marking laser is scanned toward the marking machine. The laser marking machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distance measuring assembly comprises a laser pointer and a laser sensor, the laser sensor specifically comprising a filter and a photosensitive element, the strip having a strip on the photosensitive element In the photosensitive region, the filter is disposed in front of the strip-shaped photosensitive region, and the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive region are disposed to have at least one plane simultaneously passing through the laser pointer to indicate the exit direction of the laser and the extending direction of both ends of the strip-shaped photosensitive region. ; The laser pointer emits a single wavelength red or infrared indicating laser to the surface of the marking object in a bundle manner, and a diffuse reflection spot is formed on the surface of the marking object, and the diffuse reflection spot is absorbed by the photosensitive element and imaged in the strip photosensitive image after being transmitted through the filter. In the area, the direction of the connection between the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive element is set to be different from the direction in which the laser is emitted; According to the different imaging positions of the spot on the strip photosensitive area, the angle indicating the direction of the laser exit and the direction of the connection between the spot and the photosensitive element is calculated, and the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head is further calculated, and the distance information is fed back to a controller; the diffuse reflection spot is the feedback laser. The laser marking machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a control box, wherein the control box is connected to the controller, and the control box is provided with a control button for controlling the ranging component to start and/or stop the measurement. From the program. A laser marking machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said optical path assembly more specifically comprises at least one fixed convex lens and at least one movable concave lens; further comprising extending in the direction of the marking laser beam path The guide rail is arranged on the guide rail, the concave lens is fixed on the bracket, and further comprises a swing motor directly or indirectly connected to the bracket. The swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected with the controller. The laser marking machine according to claim 9, wherein said optical path assembly further comprises a support base, and said guide rail is disposed on the support base. The laser marking machine according to claim 9, wherein the guide rail is provided with a stationary point, the guide rail on one side of the stationary point forms a moving positive zone, and the guide rail on the other side forms a moving negative zone, A plurality of dithering regions are formed on the guide rail in the direction from the moving positive zone to the moving negative zone, and the bracket reciprocates within a range of any of the dithering zones on the rail. The laser marking machine according to claim 11, wherein the interval of the moving positive region ranges from 0 to 10 mm; and the interval of the moving negative region ranges from 0 to 10 mm. The laser marking machine according to claim 11, wherein the interval of the dithering zone ranges from 0 to 1 mm. The laser marking machine according to claim 11, wherein the guide rail is provided with a positive limiting member and a reverse limiting member, and the positive limiting member is disposed on the guide rail to move the positive region. On one side, for limiting the maximum displacement of the bracket on the moving positive zone, the reverse limiting member is disposed on a side of the guide rail on which the negative region is moved, for limiting the maximum of the bracket on the moving negative zone Displacement. A method for adjusting a distance between a scanning head and a marking object of a laser marking machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the laser pointer emits laser light to the surface of the marking object; and the laser sensor receives the surface of the marked object The reflected feedback laser sends an induction signal to the controller; the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the sensing signal and sends a control signal to the first driving component or the second driving component; the first driving component is based on the control signal The driving laser marking component or the second driving component drives the marking machine to move to the marking surface according to the control information. The marking starting point is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component. The method for adjusting the distance between a scanning head and a marking object according to claim 15, wherein the laser pointer emits laser light to a feature point preset on the surface of the marking object; the laser sensor receives the laser light reflected by the characteristic point and controls the laser beam The device sends a sensing signal. The method for adjusting the distance between a scanning head and a marking object according to claim 16, wherein the laser pointer transmits an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object again; the laser sensor receives the laser light reflected from the surface of the marking object and sends the laser to the controller Sending a sensing signal; the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head according to the sensing signal and sends a fine adjustment signal to the first driving component or the second driving component; the first driving component or the second driving component performs driving fine adjustment according to the fine adjustment signal calibration. A marking machine autofocus method for a laser marking machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said optical path assembly comprises at least one fixed convex lens and at least one movable concave lens; a guide rail extending in the direction of the laser light, a bracket disposed on the guide rail, the concave lens being fixed on the bracket, and a swing motor directly or indirectly connected to the bracket, the swing motor control bracket sliding back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected with the controller; After the distance between the scanning head and the reference point of the surface feature of the marking object matches the marking focal length of the laser marking machine, the laser pointer again emits an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, and the laser sensor receives the feedback laser of the diffuse reflection on the surface of the marking object and Sending a sensing signal to the controller, the controller calculates the vertical distance from the reference point of the surface feature of the marking object to the scanning head according to the sensing signal, and sends a control signal to the swinging motor, and drives the bracket and the concave lens to slide on the guide rail to change the marking machine. The marking focal length to the marking focal length is equal to the vertical distance from the marking surface to the scanning head. The marking machine autofocusing method according to claim 18, further comprising: a control terminal connected to the controller, wherein the digital image of the marking object is stored in the control terminal, and the marking laser is incident on the surface of the marking object When the point other than the feature reference point, the control terminal calculates the real-time distance between the point of the marking object except the feature reference point and the scanning head according to the digital model of the marking object and the vertical distance from the feature reference point to the scanning head, and The controller sends a signal, and the controller controls the swing motor to adjust the sliding position of the bracket and its concave lens on the rail to again make the marking focal length equal to the real-time distance of the marking surface from the point other than the feature reference point and the scanning head. An auto-focus marking method for a laser marking machine according to claim 7, wherein: Place the marker on the marking machine, directly below the scanning head; Operating the control box, sending a control request to the controller, controlling the laser pointer of the ranging component to emit an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, forming a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object, and the strip-shaped photosensitive area of the photosensitive element is facing the scanning head Receiving photographic information below; If the strip photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller controls the marking machine to move down or control the upshift of the tray to increase the distance between the scanning head and the marking object, and the photosensitive element is ingested again. The information of the diffuse reflection spot, such as the information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, increases the distance between the scanning head and the marking object again until the information or distance of the diffuse reflection spot is increased to the end of the stroke; If the information of the diffuse reflection spot is not taken at the end of the stroke, the distance between the scan head and the marking object is gradually reduced until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is basically Equal to the marking focal length, if the information of the diffuse reflection spot is still not taken, the work stops and an error is reported; After ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the table to move to the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is substantially equal to the marking focal length. ; The distance between the scanning head and the marking object is moved to a position substantially equal to the marking focal length, and the following actions are repeated: the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the supporting machine. The distance moved by the table to the scanning head and the marking object is equal to the marking focal length; The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser passes through the optical path component and the scanning head and then hits the marking object. The scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for changing. Marking the focal length of the marking laser to adapt to the high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object; Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller divides the pattern into a map consisting of a dot matrix, and the controller controls the scanning head to scan according to the dot pattern The marking laser is struck on the surface area of the marking object covered by the dot pattern, and the marking component of the optical path component controlling the marking laser falls on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap. The autofocus marking method according to claim 20, wherein the optical path assembly comprises at least one fixed convex lens and at least one movable concave lens; and further comprising a guide rail extending in the direction of the marking laser light path, disposed on the guide rail The bracket is fixed on the bracket, and further comprises a swing motor directly or indirectly connected to the bracket. The swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected with the controller. The autofocus marking method according to claim 21, wherein the computer stores a 3D digital model of the marking object, and the controller according to the digital model of the marking object when the marking laser is incident on the surface of the marking object And the distance from the spot spot measuring point of the marking object to the scanning head to calculate the real-time distance between the marking points on the surface of the marking object and the scanning head, and send a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the swinging motor adjusting bracket and the concave lens thereof on the guide rail The upper sliding position is such that the marking focal length dynamically matches the real-time distance between the marking point and the scanning head. An auto-focus marking method for a laser marking machine according to claim 7, wherein: Place the marker on the marking machine, directly below the scanning head; Operating the control box, sending a control request to the controller, controlling the laser pointer of the ranging component to emit an indicating laser to the surface of the marking object, forming a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object, and the strip-shaped photosensitive area of the photosensitive element is facing the scanning head Receiving photographic information below; If the strip photosensitive area does not pick up the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller controls the marking machine to move down or control the upshift of the tray to increase the distance between the scanning head and the marking object to the maximum stroke position, the photosensitive element Re-ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, such as the information that still does not ingest the diffuse reflection spot, begins to gradually reduce the distance between the scanning head and the marking object until the information of the diffuse reflection spot or the scanning head and the marking object are ingested. The distance between them is basically equal to the focal length of the marking, and if the information of the diffuse reflection spot is still not taken, the work stops and an error is reported; After ingesting the information of the diffuse reflection spot, the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the table to move to the distance between the scanning head and the marking object is substantially equal to the marking focal length. ; The distance between the scanning head and the marking object is moved to a position substantially equal to the marking focal length, and the following actions are repeated: the controller calculates the distance between the current scanning head and the marking object, and controls the marking machine or the supporting machine. The distance moved by the table to the scanning head and the marking object is equal to the marking focal length; The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser passes through the optical path component and the scanning head and then hits the marking object. The scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for changing. Marking the focal length of the marking laser to adapt to the high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object; Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller divides the pattern into a map consisting of a dot matrix, and the controller controls the scanning head to scan according to the dot pattern The marking laser is struck on the surface area of the marking object covered by the dot pattern, and the marking component of the optical path component controlling the marking laser falls on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap. A laser marking machine, comprising: a marking machine for placing a marking object, a frame on the marking machine table, a pallet arranged on the frame, and an upper end of the pallet is provided a laser marking assembly; the laser marking assembly comprising a laser, an optical path assembly and a scanning head mounted in sequence; the optical path assembly comprising a plurality of concave lenses and/or convex lenses between the laser and the scanning head for adjusting the beam of incident laser light Focal length; the marking laser is emitted from the laser, passes through the optical path component, and is incident on the scanning head; the scanning head includes a plurality of reflecting lenses for changing the direction of the marking laser, so that the marking laser is emitted toward the marking machine; The optical path assembly more specifically includes a support base, a bracket, a concave lens and a convex lens. The support base is provided with a guide rail extending along the laser optical path. The bracket is disposed on the guide rail and can slide along the guide rail, and the concave lens is fixed on the bracket, and further includes a swing motor directly or indirectly connected to the bracket, the swing motor control bracket slides back and forth along the guide rail, and the swing motor is connected with the controller; The utility model also comprises a distance measuring component arranged on the pallet or the laser marking component, the distance measuring component comprises a laser pointer and a laser sensor; the distance measuring component is connected with the controller; the laser pointer is used for emitting the indicating laser, the laser to the surface of the marking object The sensor is configured to receive a feedback laser of the surface of the marking surface by the diffuse reflection indicating laser, indicating that the laser does not coincide with the feedback laser; the laser sensor sends the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller is configured to calculate the angle between the indicating laser and the feedback laser according to the sensing signal. Once calculated the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head, and feedback the distance information to the controller; The controller sends a control signal to the swing motor, and the swing motor drives the bracket to slide along the guide rail, so that the marking focal length of the laser marking machine matches the distance between the scanning head of the laser marking component and the surface of the marking object. The laser marking machine according to claim 24, wherein the scanning head comprises a plurality of reflecting lenses, and the plurality of reflecting lenses are specifically X mirrors and Y mirrors which are sequentially mounted, and the X mirrors are mounted on the rotation of the X motor. On the output shaft, the Y mirror is mounted on the rotating output shaft of the Y motor, and the direction of the rotation axis of the X motor is perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis of the Y motor, and the marking laser is sequentially incident on the X mirror and the Y mirror. After the X mirror and the Y mirror change direction, the marking laser is scanned toward the marking machine. The laser marking machine according to claim 24, wherein said distance measuring component comprises a laser pointer and a laser sensor, said laser sensor specifically comprising a filter and a photosensitive element, wherein said photosensitive element has a strip-shaped photosensitive area The filter is disposed in front of the strip-shaped photosensitive region, and the laser pointer and the strip-shaped photosensitive region are disposed to have at least one plane simultaneously passing through the laser pointer to indicate an exit direction of the laser and an extending direction of both ends of the strip-shaped photosensitive region; The laser pointer emits a single wavelength red or infrared indicating laser to the surface of the marking object in a bundle manner, and a diffuse reflection spot is formed on the surface of the marking object, and the diffuse reflection spot is absorbed by the photosensitive element and imaged in the strip photosensitive image after being transmitted through the filter. In the area, the direction of the connection between the diffuse reflection spot and the photosensitive element is set to be different from the direction in which the laser is emitted; According to the different imaging positions of the spot on the strip photosensitive area, the angle indicating the direction of the laser exit and the direction of the connection between the spot and the photosensitive element is calculated, and the distance from the surface of the marking object to the scanning head is further calculated, and the distance information is fed back to a controller; the diffuse reflection spot is the feedback laser. The laser marking machine according to claim 24 or 26, wherein the guide rail is provided with a stationary point, the guide rail on one side of the stationary point forms a moving positive zone, and the guide rail on the other side forms a moving negative zone. A plurality of dithering regions are formed on the guide rail in a direction from the moving positive zone to the moving negative zone, and the bracket reciprocates within a range of any of the dithering zones on the rail. The laser marking machine according to claim 27, wherein the interval of the moving positive region ranges from 0 to 10 mm; and the interval of the moving negative region ranges from 0 to 10 mm. The laser marking machine according to claim 28, wherein the interval of the dithering zone ranges from 0 to 1 mm. The laser marking machine according to claim 24, wherein the guide rail is provided with a positive limiting member and a reverse limiting member, and the positive limiting member is disposed on the guide rail to move the positive region. On one side, for limiting the maximum displacement of the bracket on the moving positive zone, the reverse limiting member is disposed on a side of the guide rail on which the negative region is moved, for limiting the maximum of the bracket on the moving negative zone Displacement. The laser marking machine according to claim 24, wherein the laser pointer is configured to emit an indication laser to the feature points preset on the surface of the marking object, and the photosensitive element is configured to take spot information of the feature points and control the light spot. Transmitting the spot information, the controller calculates the vertical distance of the feature point to the scan head according to the spot information and sends a control signal to the swing motor, and the swing motor drives the bracket to slide along the guide rail to the moving positive zone or the moving negative zone according to the control signal, so that The marking starting point of the marking object is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component. The laser marking machine according to claim 24, wherein the laser pointer emits an indication to the surface of the marking object again after the marking starting point is located below the marking focal length of the scanning head of the laser marking component. a laser, the photosensitive element is configured to take spot information of the feature point, and send spot information to the controller, and the controller calculates a vertical distance from the surface of the marked object to the scan head according to the spot information and sends a fine adjustment signal to the swing motor, and the swing motor is based on the fine adjustment signal Perform a fine tuning calibration. An automatic focus marking method for a laser marking machine according to claim 27, wherein: Place the marker on the marking machine, directly below the scanning head; The laser pointer of the control ranging component emits an indication laser to the surface of the marking object, and forms a diffuse reflection spot on the surface of the marking object. The laser sensor receives the photosensitive information directly under the scanning head, and the laser sensor transmits the photosensitive information to the controller to control Calculating the distance between the scanning head and the surface of the marking object; According to the distance information, the controller controls the swing motor, and the swing motor drives the bracket to slide along the guide rail to the moving positive zone or the moving negative zone, so that the marking focal length of the laser marking machine becomes larger or smaller until the laser marking machine is hit. The focal length is substantially equal to the distance between the scanning head and the surface of the marking object; The laser emits a marking laser, and the marking laser is sequentially applied to the surface of the marking object after passing through the optical path component and the scanning head, and the scanning head is used to control the marking laser to sequentially hit the surface of the marking object in a scanning manner, and the optical path component is used for Changing the marking focal length of the marking laser to adapt to high and low fluctuations of different positions on the surface of the marking object; Using a computer with a display screen to connect the controller, input a visual pattern that needs to be printed on the surface of the marking object, the controller divides the pattern into a map consisting of a dot matrix, and the controller controls the scanning head to scan according to the dot pattern The marking laser is struck on the surface area of the marking object covered by the dot pattern, and the marking component of the optical path component controlling the marking laser falls on the surface of the marking object in the coverage area of the bitmap. The autofocus marking method according to claim 33, wherein the computer stores a 3D digital model of the marking object, and the controller according to the digital model of the marking object when the marking laser is incident on the surface of the marking object And the distance from the spot spot measuring point of the marking object to the scanning head to calculate the real-time distance between the marking points on the surface of the marking object and the scanning head, and send a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the swinging motor adjusting bracket and the concave lens thereof on the guide rail The upper sliding position is such that the marking focal length dynamically matches the real-time distance of the point on the marking surface from the scanning head.

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