WO2018164557A1 - Device for capturing and utilizing greenhouse gases - Google Patents

Abstract

The "YURASUS" device for capturing and utilizing greenhouse gases is based on the use of carbon dioxide gas absorbed in water in a ratio, by volume, of 0.88:1.0, at a temperature of 20°С and at atmospheric pressure. During a combustion reaction, for each molecule of CO₂, 2 molecules of water are formed in the form of water vapour, not including moisture in the air fed into the furnace. The hot gases, together with the water vapour, are cooled in a heat exchanger and fed into a reactor which is additionally irrigated with recirculating water, wherein the latter, enriched with carbon dioxide gas, is supplied to basins containing algae which double in quantity in the space of a day. During hours of darkness, in order for photosynthesis to continue, the basins are lit by fluorescent lamps in transparent sealed bulbs, and during the cold season, the basins are heated by the recirculating water, downstream of the heat exchanger, and are covered with a polyethylene sheet on cords. The harvested, dehydrated algae are pressed to produce diesel fuel which can be refined at an oil refinery into aircraft fuel, and briquettes are used for livestock fodder or as environmentally-friendly fuel.

Description

 GREENHOUSE GAS DISCHARGE AND DISPOSAL DEVICE

The method relates to the ecology of the Earth (global warming) caused by the burning of hydrocarbon fuel in power plants. An analogue to the capture of carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide) may be its ability to dissolve in water in a proportion of 0.88 volumes of COg in one volume of water vapor, at 20 ° C. (Soviet Encyclopedic Dictionary Moscow 1980, p. 138 “Carbon dioxide "). The efforts of the global environmental community to reduce thermal power plants, with low efficiency, and even danger (nuclear power plants), in favor of alternative sources of energy, today are resisting developed and developing countries, given the constant increase in electricity consumption. Carbon dioxide, accumulating in the biosphere, letting in the sun's rays, prevents the return of thermal, infrared rays into outer space. An increase in the Earth’s temperature has a detrimental effect on the climate; global forest fires intensify, hurricanes, tornadoes, floods become more frequent and more severe, melting continental and Arctic ice, raising the level of the World Ocean, causing flooding of coastal territories, and, in the long run, of entire countries. The depletion of mainland glaciers will lead to a shallowing and even drying out of the rivers, which will lead to a catastrophic shortage of fresh water, which, already now, is experiencing a third of the world's population. Rising temperatures adversely affect people and animals, and green spaces stop photosynthesis, increasing the presence of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and, most importantly, stop the release of oxygen, and this will lead to a collapse!

The proposed device for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide, for example, from power plants, will solve the problem and can be profitable, because as a result, you can get green feed in the form of briquettes from algae, which can be processed into biofuel. When burning for example coal, according to the formula: ^'

CH4 + 2O2 = CO2 + 2NgO, i.e. for each CO2 molecule we get 2 molecules of water, which, together with the moisture supplied to the furnace of air, is released, together with greenhouse gases, into the atmosphere, the capture of CO2 consists in its absorption by water vapor. It was found that at 20 ° C, 0.88 volumes of COg are bound per volume of water vapor at atmospheric pressure. Of the 2 molecules of H ₂ 0, for the complete absorption of CO ² 1.12 molecules of water vapor are required, and the remainder will be absorbed by algae. Practically there will be more water due to moisture entering the furnace with air. In practice, with the help of nature, we get waste-free cleaning technology. Experiments absorption of C0 ₂ "bubbling" through the water column is impossible, since the water density is hundreds of times greater than the density of water vapor and absorption of the reaction does not occur. Sorption of carbon dioxide by the sorption method is technologically difficult and costly, and disposing of it by injection into porous layers requires energy and is not always possible.

The proposed device for collecting, for example, from a thermal power plant, carbon dioxide, soot, partially nitrogen oxides and residues of unburned fuel, consists in intercepting exhaust gases using a distribution unit-1 installed on a gas duct, which, using a gate-2, switches the gas to capture and disposal. To cool the gas, at branch-3, a heat exchanger-4 is installed, cooled by circulating water through pipe-5, with the return of hot water through pipe 5 ¹ to pool heating in the cold season. In the warm season, boiler water is supplied through the pipe-b for cooling. Condensate formed in the heat exchanger is discharged into the sump of the tower through pipe-7.

After the heat exchanger, the cooled gases, through a gas blower-8, are fed into a contact reactor-9, through a distribution gas duct-10, creating a swirl of gas, for better contact with the wash water coming through the pipe-11 from the pools-12, into the central distribution pipe- 13, with nozzles-14, after contact with algae.

 The water enriched with carbon dioxide and other gases and combustion products is discharged into a pan-15, from where pumps-16 are pumped through a pipe-17 to pools, by growing algae, doubling their volume daily. Pools are divided into sections by area, based on the calculation of daily carbon dioxide emissions.

For every 1000 tons of С0 ₂ s a day, (in terms of gram / mol) according to the formula: 6С0 ₂ + 6Н ₂ 0 photosynthesis = С ₆ Н ₁₂ 0 ₆ + 60 ₂ we get 684 tons of algae. When removed per day, 684t. (every 10 days) algae, with a ratio of 1: 3 (algae-water) we get the capacity of one section, (with 11 sections) 684x4 = 2735 cubic meters For the convenience of harvesting algae, we accept 22 sections, 50x27 m in size, with an average depth of 1 m (when unloading 2 sections per day).

 In concrete pools made with a slope towards the drainage pipelines-23, bars-18 are fixed along the bottom, between which pipes for supplying enriched water-20 are laid, and is the volume for seaweed seedlings after raking in the herds.

To continue photosynthesis in the dark, the pools are equipped with artificial lighting, using transparent bulbs with 31 fluorescent lamps, mounted on the bottom on bayonet grippers-27, and lifted when cleaning with 28 cables, and shifted to the pool side on carrier cables - 29. 2

In the cold season, swimming pools insulated polyethylene film, for supporting cables, at the same time collecting the oxygen supply to the furnace boiler for combustion rate (per 1 molecule of C0 ₂ released 1 0 ₂ molecule). After drying (dehydration) of algae, they are sent to squeeze out the hydrochloric oil, by pressing, resulting in briquettes that can be used for livestock feed, or as environmentally friendly fuel.

 As a result of the introduction of the proposed technology, in addition to solving the main environmental problem, it is possible to obtain a profitable, balanced production of biofuel and feed in industrial volumes.

The proposed method of collecting and recycling C0 ₂ is applicable to other focused emissions and metallurgical blast furnace.

For every 1000 tons. captured CO ₂ calculated by the absorption formula, through gram / mol, you can get up to 50,000 tons. biofuels and up to 250,000 tons. green feed, or fuel.

 Given that 1000TH. Per day, corresponds to emissions of thermal power plants with a capacity of 60 megawatts, with an average thermal power plant of 600 MW. volumes will increase 10 times, bringing owners, instead of fines, hundreds of millions of dollars in profit per year.

Claims

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A YURASUS device for trapping and utilizing greenhouse gases, for example with a thermal power plant, consisting of a gas cooler, a reactor, for absorbing gases, pools for growing algae, pipelines with pumps, for circulating enriched water, with processing of algae, with extraction of solar oil characterized in that 1. Uses the gaseous phase of water vapor and carbon dioxide, formed during the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, cooled in the heat exchanger, circulating water supplied after discharge from the pools, to grow algae, and after heating in the heat exchanger, supplied to heat the base of the pools, in cold time of the year, after which it is sent to the carbon dioxide enrichment reactor, sprayed with tangential nozzles, towards the tangentially swirling gas flow, to increase the contact time, and to warm e season, the heat exchanger is cooled by a regular reverse water supply of the CHP.  2. The device according to p. 1 is equipped with pools, the total area calculated, from the condition of doubling the volume of algae per day, have a longitudinal lattice of slats fixed to the bottom, between which pipelines with enriched water are laid for uniform distribution, and delaying the seaweed seedlings, for further growth, with mechanical stripping, and for prolonging photosynthesis in the dark during the day, they are equipped with artificial lighting, for example, fluorescent lamps in transparent flasks suspended from ropes, for lifting during stripping f, and fixed in an upright position by means of bayonet locks fixed to the base of the pool, and for warming the surface of the pools in the cold season and collecting oxygen obtained during photosynthesis, for directing into boiler furnaces, for intensifying combustion, panels from stretched cables are stretched from plastic film.  3. The device according to claim 1, the extraction of solar oil is performed on the press to produce briquettes that can be used as animal feed, or as environmentally friendly fuel.