WO2018161134A1 - System for extracting palm kernel oil using a hydrodynamic method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to a system for extracting palm kernel oil that uses a process for "grinding" the nut (almond with shell), separates the ground material by grain size using a "hydrocyclone" process, and uses a "hydrodynamic" process to separate the oil contained in the ground material by "three-phase decanter centrifuging", characterized by comprising successive crushing and grinding steps.

Description

 PALMISM OIL EXTRACTION SYSTEM BY HYDRODYNAMIC PROCESS

 It is a palm kernel oil extraction system that uses walnut "grinding" process (almond in shell), makes separation by granulometry of the crushed material, by "hydrocyclone" process and uses "hydrodynamic" process in the separation of the oil contained in the crushed material by "centrifugal tridecanter".

 TECHNICAL STATE

 [002] In Brazil, the plant that supplies Palm Oil is the Palm itself, also called "Palm Palm Tree". Scientific name: Elaeis guineensis. Already Palm Oil is called "Palm Oil", "Palm Oil" or "Palm Oil" itself. Palm is an oilseed from which two different types of oils can be extracted very distinctly: from the pulp (mesocarp) Palm Oil is extracted and almond is extracted from Palm kernel oil.

 Palm kernel oil is extracted from palm fruit almond by physical methods (mechanical pressing) or chemical process, using solvents. In current physical methods press extraction is done at the end of the process. Prior to pressing, the walnut is heated with indirect steam to reduce moisture.

[004] In patent document EP121 1303 - Method and apparatus for the integrated upgrading of oil-bearing drupes, especially olives and products resulting therefrom, a system for extracting oil from different parts of the fruit is presented. The whole fruit is heated and then transferred to a compartment where the pulp is separated from water filters. screen and a shaker mechanism. The remaining fruit, skin and almond (whole and in shell) are sent to a hydrocyclone, where they are separated. The skin is used for the production of feed or wax, while the almond is sent to a new separating mechanism, where the shell is removed, which is then sent to the boiler. Finally the whole almond is pressed to extract palm kernel oil. Oil extraction is by mechanical pressing process.

 [005] Patent document CN105087148 - Technology and device for manufacturing oil from palm berry fruit through dry method yeast killing features a system that extracts oil from palm fruit, has a separator for dividing and directing almond and pulp, but only the extraction of the pulp oil by press is described; pressing process. The nuts undergo a polishing process to remove the fibers and are stored whole for another extraction process not described in the document. The system comprises a hydrocyclone for separation of dust and impurities, assisting in steam generation.

 WO2014035760 - Pressed palm fiber solvent extraction performs solvent extraction and uses the cyclone to separate a solvent / palm oil fraction and a "heavy" fraction containing predominantly solid particles.

 [007] Objects of interest, which consolidate the state of the art, are published at the following addresses:

• http://www.palmoilfactory.com/products/palm-oil-mill-plant/palm-kernel- recoverv-station.html • http://www.iimer.com/papers/Vol3 lssue4 / BA3420232026.pdf

• http://www.palmoilmachine.com/Palm Kernel Recoverv Station 62.ht ml

 • http://www.palmoilmills.org/products/palm-oil-mill-plant/palm-kernel- recovery-station.html

 The walnut is heated with indirect steam to reduce moisture.

 DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

 The Palm kernel oil extraction system described in this report uses a mechanical milling process and comprises the use of a hydrodynamic separation process for almond oil. It is characterized by successive milling steps of the walnut (shelled almond), diluted in water, so that by simple heating of the water allows the separation of the oil from the crushed solid material. Unlike the mechanical extraction processes of the current state of the art which use press at the end of the process. The extraction system disclosed here equals or reduces the loss of the resulting product, with an increase in energy efficiency and a significant reduction in equipment maintenance costs.

The system unifies the processes of grinding the almond with the shell and separating them later through a hydrocyclone process, in addition the extraction of the oil will take place through the use of hydrodynamic separation system by centrifugal tridecanter. , rather than mechanical separation by pressing or chemical separation using solvents. The system revealed in this report, compared to existing mechanical systems, has several advantages, among them: higher energy efficiency, because it reduces the electricity consumption above 50%; lower steam consumption, over 60%; less equipment and the consequent reduction of maintenance costs; longer interval between maintenance; reduction of physical space, over 50%; The extraction performance is 40% to 46%, unlike the mechanical process which is a maximum of 40% and decreases over time with the wear of the mechanical components of the equipment. The disclosed system is characterized by simplifying the physical methods (mechanical pressing) eliminating several productive phases and consequently eliminating several equipments used today. The disclosed system is characterized by not using solvents in the oil extraction processes, and consequently eliminates media and equipment for further separation of oil and solvent.

] The Palm kernel oil extraction system by hydrodynamic process, is characterized by a sequence of 3 grinding processes, reaching a sufficiently fine grain size that allows to release the almond oil; when it is in its last grinding phase, and is poured with a certain amount of water at a temperature of 90 to 100 ° for a period of 30 to 120 minutes, this mixture is passed into a centrifugal tridecanter for the separation of the 3 phases: water, oil and solid material in flour form. This flour is reprocessed. Again intended for a hot water tank with a temperature of 90 to 100 ° C, for a period of up to 30 to 120 minutes, for extraction of the remaining oil still contained in this flour. Preferably 60 minutes. ] FIGURE 1 shows schematically a block diagram with components, raw material flow in the palm kernel oil extraction system.

 ] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The system comprises a sequence of steps that begins with transporting the nut from the storage silo to the hopper hopper (2). Walnuts are ground in shell through a mill (3). Because the nuts are ground with the shell, there is a significant reduction in equipment, production steps and processing time. Ground nuts are mixed with water in a static mixer (4). A water reservoir (9) supplies water to the static mixer (4). The resulting material is conveyed by hydraulic pump (5) to a hydrocyclone (6). In hydrocyclone (6), granulometric separation of nut shells occurs with the aid of water. The peel portion is separated from the larger granulometry in relation to ground almonds and the peel portion is separated from the smaller granulometry. The larger grain portion of peels separated in the hydrocyclone is transported to a shell deposit. The ground almond with the smallest shell size, classified in hydrocyclone (6), goes through a first centrifugal decanter separation process (7), where part of the moisture is removed. The water (8) returns to the water reservoir (9) and the ground almond and part of the shell (10) is transported (101) to two or more milling processes (11) to reduce the particle size as much as possible. . The ground almond and part of the shell (10), material coming from the last milling process (11), is heated by steam (12) in a first tank of heating (13) at a temperature of 90 to 100 ° C, with the addition of water and a residence time of 30 to 120 minutes. It is then pumped (131) to a second separation process (14) by tridecanter, where oil (16) will be separated from water (15) and solid material (17) from ground nuts (10). Separation occurs without the use of chemicals. The liquid-shaped water (15) of the cooking process is gravity conveyed back to the first heating tank (13);

 ] The oil (16) removed in the second separation process (14) goes to the storage tanks (26) for dispatch. The solid material (17) goes to a second heating tank (19), where it is heated again with the addition of water at a temperature of 90 to 100 ° C and with a residence time of up to 60 minutes. The solid material (17) is then pumped (20) into a third separation process (21) by centrifugal tridecanter to remove as much oil as possible from the second separation process (14). The oil (23) extracted in the third separation process (21) goes to the storage tanks (26) for dispatch. The water (22), by gravity, returns to the second heating tank (19). The solid part (24) of the third separation process (21) may undergo a drying process to be transformed into dry flour used as animal feed or as biofuel, or to be used in wet form.

] The revealed oil extraction system is characterized by the use of the hydrodynamic separation concept, eliminating existing pressing and chemical separation system in the current state of the art. This way, it occurs a variation in the types of fundamental equipment applied in the disclosed system relative to the systems available in the current state of the art. It provides space savings because the developed system uses less equipment and is faster with shorter product residence time in the system, generating a lower need for industrial floor space. Due to the fact that the revealed system is more compact, a reduction of equipment maintenance is expected; It has less need for installed equipment in relation to the physical methods (mechanical pressing), as well as reduction of the operating manpower and maintenance manpower. Below is a comparative table of the existing system in the current state of the art compared to the system disclosed in this report:

Oil Extraction System Palm State Oil Palm Extraction System disclosed in this white paper

 1 The walnut is stored in the silo. The walnut is transported from the drying silo in order to be stored for the hopper to eliminate moisture from the dosing almond;

 and shed the almond from

 bark;

 2 In the sorting drum the walnuts are ground;

 walnuts are classified in 3

 sizes (small, medium and

 large) to be

 directed towards

 breakers (for sizes

 specific).

 3 This content will be The ground almond in shell is transported to the mixing table with water in gravity mixer to separate the static shell.

 almond; or separated into

hydrocyclone; Note: What changes?

 Because almonds are ground with the shell, there is a significant reduction in equipment, production steps and processing time.

6 Content goes to the silo The resulting material is transported almond dryer to a hydrocyclone.

 reduce humidity by up to 5%;

 In the hydrocyclone there is the separation of a feeder at the inlet of the part of the highest mill shell (where it enters by and of the almond with gravity shell part); lower particle size.

 8 The almond is heated with the shells separated in the indirect steam hydrocyclone in order to be transported to the boilers. reduce humidity; The water with almond and part of the resulting ground shell goes through a separation system (centrifugal decanter), where much of the moisture is removed. The almond and part of the ground shell go to the second grinding system and the water returns to the mixing tank.

 9 Pressing: almond pressing After removing some of the moisture, or to separate the oil; material goes through two grinding processes to reduce the particle size.

10 The oil is homogenized in the Almond and ground shell portion of the stirring tank. from the grinding process they are heated in a water heating tank to a temperature of about 90 to 100 ° C, where it remains for a time of 30 to 120 minutes. The mixture is pumped to a centrifugal tridecanter separation process where the oil will be separated from the water and solid without the use of chemicals.

 1 1 In the other way follows the oil The oil removed in the process goes to a vibrating sieve the storage tanks for dispatch.

12 Finally, the oil goes through a solid. The solid goes into a second tank, filtration system. where it is heated again with water, and then goes through a tridecanter separation process centrifuge to remove as much oil as possible.

The oil is sent to the tanks. The oil extracted in the process goes from storage to the storage tanks for dispatch. The water (cooking process liquid) returns to the heating tank.

 Silo: stores almond The solid part can pass a pressed system (in the form of flour); to be processed into animal feed or to be used as biofuel, or to be used in wet form.

Claims

 1 . HYDRODYNAMIC PROCESS PALMIST OIL EXTRACTION SYSTEM is a palm kernel oil extraction system (1) characterized by the steps of:  • transporting nuts still in shell from the storage silos to the hopper (2);  • grinding nuts still in the mill shell (3);  • Mix the ground nuts still in shell with water in a static mixer (4);  Transporting the resulting material to a hydrocyclone (6);  • Separation of the husk portion, larger than ground almonds, and separation of the husk portion, smaller in size;  • transporting the ground almonds and the smaller husk portion for a first centrifugal decanter separation process (7);  • separation of water (8) and almonds and part of the ground shells (10);  • transporting water (8) to a water reservoir (9);  • transport of the almonds and part of the ground shells (10) for the milling process (11); • heating the ground nuts (10) from the last milling process (11) in a first heating tank (13) at a temperature of 90 to 100 ° C with the addition of water and a residence time of 30 to 120 ° C. minutes; • transporting the almonds and part of the ground shells (10) for a second separation process (14) by centrifugal tridecanter;  • separation of water (15), oil (16) and solid material (17) from almonds and part of the ground shells (10);  • gravity transport of water (15), in liquid form from the cooking process, back to the first heating tank (13); • transporting oil (16) to storage tanks (26);  Heating the solid material (17) in a second heating tank (19) with the addition of water at a temperature of 90 to 100 ° C and with a residence time of up to 60 minutes;  Conveying the solid material (17) by pump (20) to a third centrifugal tridecanter separation process (21);  • separation of water (22), oil (23) and residual solid material (24); • gravity transport of water (22) to the second heating tank (19);  • transporting oil (23) to storage tanks (26);  • transporting residual solid material (24) from the third separation process (21) and subsequent storage;  HYDRODYNAMIC PROCESS PALMIST OIL EXTRACTION SYSTEM according to Claim 1, characterized in that the resulting material is conveyed to a hydrocyclone (6) by a hydraulic pump (5). HYDRODYNAMIC PROCESS PALMIST OIL EXTRACTION SYSTEM according to claim 1, characterized in the transport of water (8) to the water reservoir (9) is by hydraulic pump.  HYDRODYNAMIC PROCESS PALMIST OIL EXTRACTION SYSTEM according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ground almond and part of the ground husks (10) are ground by a plurality of milling processes (11).  HYDRODYNAMIC PROCESS PALMIST OIL EXTRACTION SYSTEM according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ground almond and part of the ground husks (10) are heated from the last milling process (11) in a first water tank. heating (13) has a residence time of 60 minutes.