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WO2018153237A1 - Procédé et système de mise en mémoire cache afin de relire une diffusion en direct, ainsi que procédé et système de lecture - Google Patents

Procédé et système de mise en mémoire cache afin de relire une diffusion en direct, ainsi que procédé et système de lecture Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018153237A1
WO2018153237A1 PCT/CN2018/075255 CN2018075255W WO2018153237A1 WO 2018153237 A1 WO2018153237 A1 WO 2018153237A1 CN 2018075255 W CN2018075255 W CN 2018075255W WO 2018153237 A1 WO2018153237 A1 WO 2018153237A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
file
media
channel
live broadcast
media fragment
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2018/075255
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
平云娟
马正园
于长惠
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/432—Content retrieval operation from a local storage medium, e.g. hard-disk
    • H04N21/4325—Content retrieval operation from a local storage medium, e.g. hard-disk by playing back content from the storage medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/432—Content retrieval operation from a local storage medium, e.g. hard-disk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/433—Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations
    • H04N21/4335—Housekeeping operations, e.g. prioritizing content for deletion because of storage space restrictions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/458—Scheduling content for creating a personalised stream, e.g. by combining a locally stored advertisement with an incoming stream; Updating operations, e.g. for OS modules ; time-related management operations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
    • H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/85—Assembly of content; Generation of multimedia applications
    • H04N21/858—Linking data to content, e.g. by linking an URL to a video object, by creating a hotspot
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/85—Assembly of content; Generation of multimedia applications
    • H04N21/858—Linking data to content, e.g. by linking an URL to a video object, by creating a hotspot
    • H04N21/8586—Linking data to content, e.g. by linking an URL to a video object, by creating a hotspot by using a URL

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of streaming media technologies, and in particular, to a cache method, a cache system, a playback method, and a playback system for live broadcast viewing.
  • a Content Delivery Network (CDN) system is used in the network to cache video, audio, pictures, and web pages. Therefore, the CDN system plays an increasingly important role in multimedia services such as interactive network video (IPTV) and open Internet video services (OTT TV).
  • IPTV interactive network video
  • OTT TV open Internet video services
  • OTT TV live channel services
  • Live TV LTV
  • TVOD True Video On Demand
  • TSTV Time Shift TV
  • HLS Apple's Dynamic Rate Adaptation Technology
  • the conventional caching method for live broadcast viewing is as follows: in the LTV service, an LTV content is cached at the OTT node; likewise, in the TVOD service, a TVOD content is also cached at the OTT node. While this approach ensures storage availability and independence, in order to achieve storage of live and look-back content, some storage space and node back-source bandwidth are lost.
  • the conventional live content is stored in the Distributed File System (DFS) and relies too much on DFS. Therefore, once the DFS is abnormal, the live broadcast will be abnormal, and the DFS will be read and written a lot, resulting in performance. Getting worse.
  • DFS Distributed File System
  • the present invention provides a caching method, a caching system, a playing method, and a playing system for live broadcast viewing.
  • a cache method for live broadcast backtracking comprising the steps of: downloading a transport stream (TS) media fragment file by a channel source station;
  • the media shard file is stored in the memory; and the TS media shard file stored in the memory is periodically stored in the DFS according to a preset time period, and the corresponding TS media shard in the memory is deleted. file.
  • TS transport stream
  • a cache system for live broadcast review comprising: a download unit configured to download a TS media slice file through a channel source station; a first storage unit, configured And storing the TS media fragment file into the memory; and the second storage unit is configured to periodically store the TS media fragment file stored in the memory into the DFS according to a preset time period, And deleting the corresponding TS media fragment file in the memory.
  • a playback method for live broadcast back viewing includes the following steps: acquiring a play request sent by a user, where the play request includes live channel information; query and play Corresponding index file is requested, where the index file includes path information of the TS media fragment file; and the corresponding TS media fragment file is read and returned according to the index file.
  • a playback system for live broadcast viewing includes: a play request acquisition unit configured to acquire a play request sent by a user, where the play request includes live channel information.
  • An index file query unit configured to query an index file corresponding to the play request, the index file includes path information of a TS media slice file, and a file reading unit configured to read according to the index file And return the corresponding TS media fragment file.
  • a storage medium storing program instructions for causing a terminal device to perform the above-described cache side and playback method for live broadcast back is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for caching a live broadcast back according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for caching a live broadcast back according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of downloading a TS media shard file through a CDN channel server, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cache system for live broadcast review, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cache system for live broadcast review according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a playback method for live broadcast back according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a playback method for live broadcast back according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 illustrates another example of a playback method for live broadcast back according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a playback system for live broadcast viewing, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic illustration of a document reading unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a caching method for live broadcast back viewing, the method including the following steps, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Step S101 Download the TS media fragment file through the channel source station.
  • Step S101 includes: downloading an index file by the channel source station; and downloading the corresponding TS media fragment file according to the index file.
  • the CDN channel server downloads the index file through the channel source station, and downloads the corresponding TS media fragment file according to the index file.
  • the index file can be an M3U8 file.
  • Step S102 Store the TS media slice file into the memory.
  • the CDN channel server stores the TS media fragment file into the memory after downloading the TS media fragment file through the channel source station.
  • Step S103 periodically store the TS media fragment file stored in the memory into the DFS according to the preset time period, and delete the corresponding TS media fragment file in the memory, which ensures that the same code stream only passes through the channel.
  • the source station requests and saves only one copy without DFS for storage, so that the hierarchical cache mechanism, saving storage resources and reducing the dependence on DFS are realized without losing a large amount of storage space, and the live broadcast security is improved.
  • the preset time period can be set to 3 minutes.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of caching a live broadcast back according to another embodiment of the present invention, the cache method including the following steps.
  • Step S201 Acquire a channel creation request, create a local channel according to the channel creation request.
  • step S201 may specifically include: initiating a channel creation request to the CDN channel server, the CDN channel server responding to the channel creation request, performing a process of creating a local channel, adding a channel data area, and processing the preparation of the channel download file.
  • Step S202 Download the TS media fragment file through the channel source station.
  • Step S203 Store the TS media slice file into the memory.
  • Step S204 periodically store the TS media fragment file stored in the memory into the DFS according to the preset time period, and delete the corresponding TS media fragment file in the memory.
  • steps S202 to S204 are similar to the aforementioned steps S101 to S103, and a description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of downloading a TS media shard file through a CDN channel server, including the following steps, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Step S301 The CDN management platform (Identity and Access Management, IAM) 31 in this embodiment initiates a channel creation request to the CDN channel server (CHANNEL) 32.
  • Step S302 CHANNEL 32 responds to the channel creation request, notifying IAM 31 that the channel creation request has been received.
  • Step S303 CHANNEL 32 performs a process of creating a local channel, adding a channel data area, and processing the channel to prepare for downloading the TS media slice file.
  • Step S304 After the local channel is created by CHANNEL 32, a channel record is inserted in the database (DataBase, DB) 33, wherein the channel status is in operation.
  • Step S305 CHANNEL 32 reports to the IAM 31 that the local channel is successfully created.
  • Step S306 The IAM 31 feeds back to CHANNEL 32 that the message that the local channel was successfully created has been received.
  • Step S307 After the local channel is successfully created, CHANNEL 32 downloads the index file M3U8 file and the TS media fragment file through the channel source station 35. Specifically, the CHANNEL 32 first downloads the index file M3U8 file, and then downloads the corresponding TS media fragment file according to the index information in the index file M3U8 file.
  • the channel is a live broadcast stream, so after the local channel is successfully created, according to the HLS protocol, CHANNEL 32 periodically requests the index file M3U8 file and the TS media slice file to the memory 34 through the channel source station 35, and then according to The index file M3U8 file and the TS media slice file are periodically copied to the local storage (or can also be stored in the DFS) for a preset time period.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a caching system for live broadcast viewing in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, for purposes of illustration only, portions related to the embodiment are shown.
  • the cache system for live broadcast review includes a download unit 41, a first storage unit 42, and a second storage unit 43, and the download unit 41 is configured to download the TS media slice file through the channel source station.
  • the cache system for live broadcast review can be applied to the CDN system, wherein the CDN channel server downloads the TS media fragment file through the channel source station.
  • the download unit 41 includes a first download unit configured to download an index file through the channel source station, and a second download unit configured to download the corresponding TS media slice file according to the index file.
  • the CDN channel server downloads the index file through the channel source station, and downloads the corresponding TS media fragment file according to the index file, wherein the index file is an M3U8 file.
  • the cache system further includes: a first storage unit 42 configured to store the TS media slice file into the memory.
  • the CDN channel server first uses the TS media slice file after downloading the TS media slice file through the channel source station.
  • the media shard file is stored in the memory; and the second storage unit 43 is configured to periodically store the TS media shard file stored in the memory into the DFS according to the preset time period, and delete the corresponding TS in the memory.
  • the media shard file ensures that the same stream will only be requested once to the channel source station and only one copy is saved without DFS storage, so that the tiered caching mechanism is implemented without saving a large amount of storage space, saving storage resources. And reduce reliance on DFS and improve live broadcast security.
  • the preset time period can be set to 3 minutes.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cache system for live broadcast viewing in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. For the convenience of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown.
  • the cache system includes a channel creation unit 51, a download unit 52, a first storage unit 53, and a second storage unit 54.
  • the channel creating unit 51 is configured to acquire a channel creation request and create a local channel according to the channel creation request.
  • the download unit 52 is configured to download the TS media slice file through the channel source station.
  • the CDN channel server after initiating a channel creation request to the CDN channel server, responds to the channel creation request, performs a process of creating a local channel, adds a channel data area, and processes the preparation of the channel download file.
  • the first storage unit 53 is configured to store the TS media slice file into the memory.
  • the second storage unit 54 is configured to periodically store the TS media shard file stored in the memory into the DFS according to the preset time period, and delete the corresponding TS media shard file in the memory.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a playback method for live broadcast back according to an embodiment of the present invention, the playback method including the following steps.
  • Step S601 Acquire a play request sent by the user, where the play request includes live channel information.
  • the play request includes live channel information.
  • the play request also includes start and end time information.
  • Step S602 Query an index file corresponding to the play request, where the index file includes path information of the TS media fragment file.
  • the corresponding index file is obtained according to the play request.
  • Step S603 Read and return the corresponding TS media fragment file according to the index file. Specifically, the TS media fragment file is read according to the index file and the TS media fragment file is returned to the user terminal, so that the user terminal can be recorded in the network at any time without being restricted to the program list specified by the system. The program is played and played.
  • step S603 includes the following steps: acquiring path information of the TS media fragment file in the index file; and reading the TS media fragment file in the memory when the path information of the TS media fragment file is stored in the memory. And when the path information of the TS media shard file is stored in the DFS, the TS media shard file in the DFS is read.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a playback method for live broadcast back viewing, the playback method including the following steps.
  • Step S701 The user terminal (STB) 71 initiates an HTTP play request, and the HTTP play request includes live channel information and a user ID.
  • Step S702 After the CDN User Server (IAS) 72 receives the play request, the path information of the index file (M3U8) file is queried according to the live channel information in the channel table of the DB 73.
  • Step S703 The IAS 72 returns a redirect message to the STB 71, the redirect message containing the URL of the M3U8 file requested by the STB 71 in the next step.
  • Step S704 The STB 71 requests the IAS 72 based on the URL of the M3U8 file.
  • Step S705 The IAS 72 acquires the M3U8 file from the memory 74 according to the path information of the M3U8 file.
  • Step S706 The IAS 72 returns the M3U8 file to the STB 71.
  • Step S707 According to the HLS protocol, the M3U8 file contains a URL list of all required TS media fragment files requested by the STB 71 in the next step, and the STB 71 continuously requests the IAS 72 according to the URL list of the TS media fragment file to obtain the corresponding TS. Media shard file.
  • Step S708 The IAS 72 reads the TS media fragment file from the memory 74 each time the STB 71 receives the message requesting the TS media fragment file.
  • Step S709 The IAS 72 returns the read TS media fragment file to the STB 71 each time the STB 71 receives the message requesting the TS media fragment file. In an embodiment of the invention, steps S707 through S709 are repeated until all TS media slice files requested by STB 71 are returned.
  • FIG. 8 shows another example of a playback method for live broadcast review, the playback method including the following steps.
  • Step S801 The STB 81 initiates a TVOD/TSTV service play request through HTTP, and the HTTP play request includes live channel information, user ID, and start and end time information.
  • Step S802 After the IAS 82 receives the play request, the path information of the index file (M3U8 file) is queried according to the live channel information in the channel table of the DB 83.
  • Step S803 The IAS 82 returns a redirect message to the STB 81 containing the URL of the M3U8 file requested by the STB 81 in the next step.
  • Step S804 The STB 81 requests the IAS 82 based on the URL of the M3U8 file.
  • Step S805 The IAS 82 obtains the M3U8 file from the DFS 84 according to the path information of the M3U8 file.
  • Step S806 The IAS 82 returns the M3U8 file to the STB 81.
  • Step S807 According to the HLS protocol, the M3U8 file contains a URL list of all TS media fragment files required by the STB 81 in the next step, and the STB 81 continuously requests the IAS 82 according to the URL list of the TS media fragment file to obtain the corresponding TS. Media shard file.
  • Step S809 If the TS media shard file is stored in the memory 85, the TS media shard file is read from the memory 85 and the TS media shard file is returned to the STB 81.
  • Step S809' If the TS media slice file is stored in the DFS 84, the TS media slice file is read from the DFS 84 and the TS media slice file is returned to the STB 81.
  • Step S810 The IAS 82 returns the read TS media fragment file to the STB 81 each time the STB 81 receives the message requesting the TS media fragment file. In an embodiment of the invention, steps S807 through S810 are repeated until all TS media slice files requested by STB 81 are returned.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a playback system for live broadcast viewing, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, for purposes of illustration only, portions related to this embodiment are shown.
  • the playback system includes a play request acquisition unit 91, an index file query unit 92, and a file reading unit 93, wherein the play request acquisition unit 91 is configured to acquire a play request sent by the user, and the play request includes live channel information. In some cases, if the TSTV and TVOD services are performed, the play request also includes start and end time information.
  • the index file query unit 92 is configured to query an index file corresponding to the play request, the index file including path information of the TS media slice file.
  • the corresponding index file is obtained according to the play request.
  • the file reading unit 93 is configured to read and return a corresponding TS media slice file according to the index file. Specifically, the TS media fragment file is read according to the index file and the TS media fragment file is returned to the user terminal, so that the user terminal can be recorded in the network at any time without being restricted to the program list specified by the system. The program is played and played.
  • FIG 10 is a schematic illustration of a document reading unit of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the file reading unit 93 includes: a path obtaining unit 931 configured to acquire path information of the TS media fragment file in the index file; and a first reading unit 932, when the path information of the TS media fragment file is stored in the memory, The first reading unit 932 reads the TS media fragment file in the memory; and the second reading unit 933, when the path information of the TS media fragment file is stored in the DFS, the second reading unit 933 reads the DFS TS media shard file.
  • the TS media slice file is read in the corresponding storage path information by searching the index file, thereby ensuring the service performance of the channel, that is, preventing a large amount of DFS. Reading and writing results in poor performance.
  • the above embodiments can be implemented by hardware in some cases, but it is preferable to implement the above embodiments by software and a necessary general hardware platform.
  • the technical solution of the present invention can be embodied in the form of a program instruction stored in a storage medium (for example, a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc.), and the terminal device (which can be, for example, A mobile phone, computer, server, set top box, television or network device, etc.) performs a caching and playback method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de mise en mémoire cache qui permet de relire une diffusion en direct, ainsi que sur un procédé de lecture et sur un système de lecture. Le procédé de mise en cache qui permet de relire une diffusion en direct consiste : à télécharger un fichier de fragment multimédia TS par le biais d'une station source de canal; à stocker le fichier de fragment multimédia TS dans une mémoire; selon un laps de temps préétabli, à stocker régulièrement, dans un DFS, le fichier de fragment multimédia TS stocké dans la mémoire et à supprimer le fichier de fragment multimédia TS correspondant dans la mémoire. L'invention concerne en outre un système de mise en cache qui permet de relire une diffusion en direct et qui comprend : une unité de téléchargement configurée de sorte à télécharger un fichier de fragment multimédia TS par le biais d'une station source de canal; une première unité de stockage configurée de sorte à stocker le fichier de fragment multimédia TS dans une mémoire; une seconde unité de stockage configurée de sorte à stocker régulièrement, dans un DFS et selon un laps de temps préétabli, le fichier de fragment multimédia TS stocké dans la mémoire et à supprimer le fichier de fragment multimédia TS correspondant dans la mémoire.
PCT/CN2018/075255 2017-02-23 2018-02-05 Procédé et système de mise en mémoire cache afin de relire une diffusion en direct, ainsi que procédé et système de lecture Ceased WO2018153237A1 (fr)

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CN201710099188.3 2017-02-23
CN201710099188.3A CN108513162A (zh) 2017-02-23 2017-02-23 直播回看的缓存、播放方法及系统

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