WO2018038278A1 - Oxygen-fuel combustor and method for injecting oxygen and fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an oxygen-fuel combustor and a method for injecting oxygen and fuel, in which the configuration for injecting oxygen and then method for injecting oxygen are unique, oxygen flow and fuel flow are not visible due to the high speeds thereof, a wide combustion reaction range is formed, and a high-temperature exhaust gas can be introduced and re-combusted. To this end, the oxygen-fuel combustor includes: a discharge head unit coupled to a heating furnace; a central supply unit in which, among fuel and primary oxygen, at least the fuel is supplied to the heating furnace; an oxygen supply unit in which secondary oxygen is supplied to the heating furnace; a central nozzle unit through which, among the fuel supplied from the central supply unit and the primary oxygen, at least the fuel is injected; and an oxygen nozzle unit through which the secondary oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply unit is injected. Here, the oxygen nozzle unit includes: an accommodation cone part that is recessed so as to decrease in diameter from an entrance; and an inclined injection hole part that passes through at an incline from the accommodation cone part toward an exit such that the injection direction of the fuel and injection direction of the secondary oxygen cross each other in front of the discharge head unit.

Description

Oxygen Fuel Combustor and Injection of Oxygen and Fuel

The present invention relates to an oxy-fuel combustor and a method of injecting oxygen and fuel, and more specifically, to a unique oxygen injection structure and a unique method of injecting oxygen, which is not visible through high-speed oxygen flow and fuel flow, The present invention relates to an oxy-fuel combustor and an injection method of oxygen and fuel in which a combustion reaction zone is formed and a high temperature exhaust gas is introduced into a flame to react with the flame.

In general, the industrial combustor used in steelmaking and casting and forging processes to form a flame using fuel and air as an oxidant, and to increase the temperature of the material to be heated by the temperature of the formed flame to help the convenience of the post-treatment process. For the purpose, it is installed in an industrial furnace. Such a conventional industrial combustor is used in an industrial furnace having a limited space, at room temperature or air preheater through an air nozzle for supplying fuel from a fuel nozzle and supplying air, which is an oxidant installed separately from the fuel nozzle. Due to the configuration that preheats the air to about 500 ℃ through the (RECUPERATOR), a large amount of pollutants are generated, and there are also problems such as excessive energy consumption.

On the other hand, in the case of a regenerative combustor that uses preheated air above 1000 ° C by using waste heat of exhaust gas, the fuel saving effect is similar to that of a general oxygen combustor, but it is difficult to maintain due to the complicated equipment and the capital investment cost. As well as having a size 10 times larger than the general oxygen combustor has a problem such as the installation area is larger.

In addition, although oxygen combustors are used in some special fields, they have a high thermal insulation flame of 800 ° C. or higher than that of general combustors using general air and fuel, but material defects due to localized heating of heating materials due to high temperature and short flames. And there is a problem that causes problems such as damage of the burner itself.

In addition, there is a problem that a large amount of nitrogen oxides (NOx) are generated in spite of a high energy saving effect of more than 30% and a low exhaust gas emission of more than 80% compared to a general combustor, which is not used in a general industrial furnace.

Background art is Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2003-0061336 (name of the invention: burners for decomposing non-combustible materials, published on July 18, 2003).

An object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problems, by forming a wide combustion reaction zone and a high temperature exhaust gas into the flame through a unique oxygen injection structure and a unique oxygen injection method to exhaust the exhaust gas and the flame An oxygen fuel combustor capable of reacting and a method of injecting oxygen and fuel are provided.

According to a preferred embodiment for achieving the above object of the present invention, the oxy-fuel combustor according to the present invention is coupled to the furnace to supply fuel and oxygen to the furnace, the fuel and oxygen of the furnace A discharge body exposed to the inside, a central through portion formed through the central portion of the discharge body and a through hole formed in the discharge body in a state spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction with respect to the imaginary circle centered on the central through portion; A discharge head unit including a coupling flange provided on an outer circumferential surface of the discharge body for coupling the oxygen passage portion and the heating furnace; A central supply unit coupled to the central passage to supply at least fuel of fuel and primary oxygen to the heating furnace; An oxygen supply unit coupled to the oxygen passage to supply secondary oxygen to the heating furnace; A central nozzle unit coupled to the central supply unit or the central through part so as to be exposed from the central through part to the inside of the heating furnace, and at least one of the fuel and the primary oxygen supplied from the central supply unit is injected; And an oxygen nozzle unit coupled to the oxygen supply unit or the oxygen passage part so as to be exposed from the oxygen passage part to the inside of the heating furnace, and to which secondary oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply unit is injected. The nozzle unit includes: a receiving cone portion recessed to reduce the diameter from the inlet; And an inclined injection hole portion formed to be obliquely penetrated from the accommodation cone portion toward the outlet so that the injection direction of the fuel and the secondary oxygen injection direction cross each other in front of the discharge head unit.

The oxygen nozzle unit may include an inclination display unit provided at an outlet and indicating an inclination direction of the inclination injection hole unit.

Here, the injection angle of oxygen injected from the inclined injection hole portion is made of 2.5 degrees or more and 30 degrees or less.

Here, the oxygen through portion, the first oxygen through portion which is formed to be spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction with respect to the first virtual circle around the central through portion; And a second oxygen passing portion formed through and spaced apart from each other along a circumferential direction with respect to a second virtual circle larger than the first virtual circle, wherein the oxygen supply unit includes the first oxygen passing portion. A first oxygen supply unit coupled to the first oxygen supply unit; And a second oxygen supply unit coupled to the second oxygen through portion, wherein the oxygen nozzle unit includes the first oxygen supply unit or the first oxygen supply unit to be exposed from the first oxygen through portion to the inside of the heating furnace. A first oxygen nozzle unit coupled to the first oxygen passage; And a second oxygen nozzle unit coupled to the second oxygen supply unit or the second oxygen passage so as to be exposed from the second oxygen passage to the inside of the heating furnace.

Here, the injection angle of the secondary oxygen injected from the first oxygen nozzle unit is larger than the injection angle of the secondary oxygen injected from the second oxygen nozzle unit.

Here, the amount of exhaust gas introduced into the flame is adjusted according to at least one of the injection interval of the secondary oxygen, the injection angle of the secondary oxygen, the collision point of the fuel and the secondary oxygen.

The central supply unit may include a first central supply pipe configured to supply one of fuel and primary oxygen to the heating furnace, and to transfer one of the fuel and the primary oxygen to the heating furnace. Central supply unit; And coupled to the central passage to supply another one of fuel and primary oxygen to the heating furnace, wherein the other one of the fuel and the primary oxygen supplied to the heating furnace is transferred while the first central supply pipe is inserted. And a second central supply unit including a second central supply pipe, wherein the central nozzle unit is coupled to the first central supply pipe, and passes through a first injection port through which the fluid transferred from the first central supply pipe is injected. A central nozzle unit formed; And a nozzle flange portion protruding from an outer circumferential surface of the central nozzle portion and coupled to the second central supply pipe, through which a second injection hole through which the fluid transferred from the second central supply pipe is injected is formed.

Here, the second injection port is formed to be inclined through the nozzle flange so that the injection direction of the fluid conveyed from the second central supply pipe crosses the injection direction of the fluid conveyed from the first central supply pipe.

The central supply unit may include: a first central supply unit supplying primary fuel to the heating furnace and including a first central supply pipe through which the primary fuel supplied to the heating furnace is transferred; And a second central supply pipe coupled to the central passage to supply secondary fuel to the heating furnace, wherein the secondary fuel supplied to the heating furnace is transferred while the first central supply pipe is inserted. And a central supply unit, the central nozzle unit being coupled to the first central supply pipe, and having a first injection port through which the primary fuel transported from the first central supply pipe is injected; And a nozzle flange portion protruding from an outer circumferential surface of the central nozzle portion and coupled to the second central supply pipe, through which a second injection hole through which the secondary fuel transferred from the second central supply pipe is injected is injected.

Here, the second injection port is formed obliquely through the nozzle flange portion so that the injection direction of the secondary fuel transferred from the second central supply pipe crosses the injection direction of oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply unit.

Here, the second injection port is provided to correspond to the oxygen nozzle unit 1: 1.

Here, two to four oxygen passages are spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction.

Oxygen and fuel injection method according to the invention the temperature measuring step of measuring the internal temperature of the heating furnace; A temperature comparison step of comparing an internal temperature of the heating furnace and a preset automatic ignition temperature measured through the temperature measuring step; A first flame forming step of injecting primary and secondary oxygen into fuel when the internal temperature of the heating furnace is smaller than a preset autoignition temperature according to the temperature comparison step; And a second flame forming step of injecting only secondary oxygen into fuel when the internal temperature of the heating furnace is greater than or equal to a preset autoignition temperature according to the temperature comparison step. In the first flame forming step, The injection amount of oxygen is 30% or less of the total oxygen injection amount, and the injection amount of secondary oxygen is 70% or more of the total oxygen injection amount.

The first flame forming step may include: a fuel injection step of injecting fuel in front of the discharge head unit through a central nozzle unit provided at the center of the discharge head unit; A rich injection step of injecting primary oxygen to the front of the discharge head unit through the central nozzle unit so as to cross the direction of injection of fuel at the front of the discharge head unit to form a fuel rich region; And an oxygen nozzle unit provided in the discharge head unit in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit so as to cross an injection direction of the fuel in front of the discharge head unit to form an oxygen reaction zone in a portion farther than the fuel rich region. And a reaction injection step of injecting secondary oxygen in front of the discharge head unit.

Here, the reaction injection step, the discharge head in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit to form a first oxygen reaction zone in a portion farther than the fuel rich region to cross the injection direction of the fuel in front of the discharge head unit A first reaction injection step of injecting secondary oxygen toward the front of the discharge head unit through a first oxygen nozzle unit provided in the unit; And a second oxygen provided in the discharge head unit in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit so as to cross the direction of injection of fuel in front of the discharge head unit to form a second oxygen reaction zone in a portion farther than the fuel rich region. A second reaction injection step of injecting secondary oxygen toward the front of the discharge head unit through a nozzle unit; At least one of the, wherein the first oxygen reaction zone is formed in a portion closer to the second oxygen reaction zone in front of the discharge head unit, the first oxygen nozzle unit than the second oxygen nozzle unit Close to the center nozzle unit.

Here, the second flame formation step includes the fuel injection step and the reaction injection step, except for the rich injection step of the first flame formation step.

Oxygen and fuel injection method according to the invention the temperature measuring step of measuring the internal temperature of the heating furnace; A temperature comparison step of comparing an internal temperature of the heating furnace and a preset automatic ignition temperature measured through the temperature measuring step; A first flame forming step of injecting at least one of a primary fuel and a secondary fuel into oxygen when the internal temperature of the heating furnace is smaller than a preset autoignition temperature according to the temperature comparing step; And a second flame forming step of injecting at least one of a primary fuel and a secondary fuel into oxygen when the internal temperature of the heating furnace is equal to or greater than a preset autoignition temperature according to the temperature comparison step. At least one of the first flame forming step and the second flame forming step includes: an oxygen reaction zone in which the injection direction of the primary fuel and the injection direction of oxygen cross each other in front of the discharge head unit, and the primary fuel and oxygen react; The injection direction of the secondary fuel and the injection direction of oxygen cross between the discharge head unit and the oxygen reaction zone to form at least one of two or more additional reaction zones in which the secondary fuel and oxygen react.

Here, the first flame forming step, at least one of the oxygen reaction zone formed to cross the injection direction of the primary fuel and the additional reaction zone formed to cross the injection direction of the secondary fuel in front of the discharge head unit And spraying oxygen toward the front of the discharge head unit through an oxygen nozzle unit provided in the discharge head unit in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit provided in the center of the discharge head unit to be formed. A first fuel injection step of injecting primary fuel into the oxygen reaction zone through the central nozzle unit; And a second fuel injection step of injecting secondary fuel into the additional reaction zone through the central nozzle unit. At least one of the.

Here, the reaction injection step, the first discharge head unit provided in the discharge head unit in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit to cross the injection direction of the primary fuel in the front of the discharge head unit to form a first oxygen reaction zone A first reaction injection step of injecting oxygen toward the front of the discharge head unit through an oxygen nozzle unit; And the discharge through the second oxygen nozzle unit provided in the discharge head unit in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit so as to cross the injection direction of the primary fuel in front of the discharge head unit to form a second oxygen reaction zone. A second reaction injection step of injecting oxygen in front of the head unit; At least one of the, wherein the first oxygen reaction zone is formed in a portion closer to the second oxygen reaction zone in front of the discharge head unit, the first oxygen nozzle unit than the second oxygen nozzle unit Close to the center nozzle unit.

In addition, the second flame forming step, the fuel control step of injecting the primary fuel in the oxygen reaction zone or the secondary fuel in the additional reaction zone through the central nozzle unit; And an oxygen control step of injecting oxygen into at least one of the oxygen reaction zone or the additional reaction zone according to the fuel injected in the fuel control step.

Here, when fuel and oxygen are injected in at least one of the first flame forming step and the second flame forming step, the injection speed of the fuel injected from the central nozzle unit to the front of the discharge head unit is the oxygen nozzle. 50% or less of the injection rate of oxygen injected from the unit.

Here, when fuel and oxygen are injected in at least one of the first flame forming step and the second flame forming step, the injection speed of oxygen injected from the oxygen nozzle unit is 100 m / s to 400 m / s. .

According to the oxygen fuel combustor and the oxygen and fuel injection method according to the present invention, a wide combustion reaction zone is formed through a unique oxygen injection structure and a unique oxygen injection method, and high-temperature exhaust gas is introduced into the flame to exhaust the exhaust gas. Can react with the flame. In addition, it is possible to significantly reduce the nitrogen oxides through a decrease in the adiabatic flame temperature, and to heat the material inside the furnace substantially uniformly. In addition, the size of the heating furnace used in the steelmaking process or steelmaking process can be minimized, and the size of the oxy-fuel combustor can be reduced.

In addition, the present invention can facilitate the collision of fuel and oxygen, maximize the flameless combustion effect due to the impact flame, and can stabilize the combustion reaction. In addition, when the temperature inside the furnace is higher than the autoignition temperature through high-speed oxygen flow and fuel flow, the collision of fuel and oxygen can be improved and the flameless combustion reaction can be easily realized.

In addition, the present invention stabilizes the coupling of the oxygen nozzle unit, the fuel injected from the central nozzle unit and the oxygen injected from the oxygen nozzle unit can collide stably in front of the discharge head unit, it is possible to stably induce flame generation Can be. In addition, since the collision point of oxygen and combustion is spaced in front of the discharge head unit, the discharge head unit, the central nozzle unit, and the oxygen nozzle unit can be protected from the high temperature flame of oxygen and have high durability. It can be used to have a high fuel savings effect. In addition, through the structure of the central nozzle unit and the number and arrangement of the oxygen nozzle unit to form a flat flame, or to form a general flame it is possible to adjust the length of the flame. In addition, it is not mandatory, it is possible to stably flow the hot exhaust gas into the flame without the need for a separate device, it is possible to adjust the amount of the hot exhaust gas flowing into the flame.

In addition, the present invention induces the multi-stage combustion of oxygen, it is easy to ignite and maintain the flame, it is possible to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides. In addition, the correlation between the fuel and oxygen injection rates may maximize the effect of the entrainment for the inlet of the high temperature exhaust gas, and maximize the recycle effect of the exhaust gas in the flame.

1 is a perspective view showing an oxy-fuel combustor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a combined state of the oxy-fuel combustor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a view showing an arrangement state of the central nozzle unit and the oxygen nozzle unit in the oxygen fuel combustor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a view showing a modified arrangement of the central nozzle unit and the oxygen nozzle unit in the oxygen fuel combustor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a view illustrating a central nozzle unit in an oxyfuel combustor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a view illustrating an oxygen nozzle unit in an oxyfuel combustor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a view showing a method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a diagram illustrating a reaction state of oxygen and a fuel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a perspective view showing an oxy-fuel combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a cross-sectional view showing a combined state of the oxy-fuel combustor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a view illustrating an arrangement state of a central nozzle unit and an oxygen nozzle unit in an oxyfuel combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a view showing a modified arrangement of the central nozzle unit and the oxygen nozzle unit in the oxygen fuel combustor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

13 is a view showing a method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

14 is a view showing a reaction state of oxygen and a fuel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

15 is a perspective view showing an oxy-fuel combustor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

16 is a cross-sectional view showing a coupled state of the oxy-fuel combustor according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a view illustrating an arrangement state of a central nozzle unit and an oxygen nozzle unit in an oxyfuel combustor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

18 is a view illustrating a central nozzle unit in an oxyfuel combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

19 is a view showing a method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

20 is a view illustrating a reaction state of oxygen and a fuel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described an embodiment of the oxygen fuel combustor and oxygen and fuel injection method according to the present invention. At this time, the present invention is not limited or limited by the embodiment. In addition, in describing the present invention, a detailed description of known functions or configurations may be omitted to clarify the gist of the present invention.

1 is a perspective view showing an oxy-fuel combustor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a combined state of the oxy-fuel combustor according to the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 4 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement state of a central nozzle unit and an oxygen nozzle unit in an oxyfuel combustor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a central nozzle unit and an oxygen nozzle unit in an oxyfuel combustor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 5 is a view showing a modified arrangement state of FIG. 5 is a view illustrating a central nozzle unit in an oxyfuel combustor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an oxygen fuel according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a view illustrating an oxygen nozzle unit in a combustor. FIG. 7 is a view illustrating a method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a view of oxygen and fuel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Showing the reaction state of Drawing.

The oxygen fuel combustor according to the first embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. The oxygen fuel combustor according to the first embodiment of the present invention supplies oxygen and fuel to a heating furnace, and includes a discharge head unit 10, a central supply unit 20, an oxygen supply unit 30, and a central nozzle. The unit 40 and the oxygen nozzle unit 50 are included.

The discharge head unit 10 is coupled to the heating furnace to supply fuel and oxygen to the heating furnace. The discharge head unit 10 includes a discharge body 11 exposed inside the heating furnace to supply fuel and oxygen, a central through portion 13 formed through a central portion of the discharge body 11, and a central through portion ( 13 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the discharge body 11 and the oxygen passage 14 formed through the discharge body in a state spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction with respect to the imaginary circle (C) around the center and It may include a coupling flange 12 to be coupled.

Then, the discharge body 11 is fixedly coupled to the heating furnace by using a separate fastening member in a state where the discharge body 11 is inserted into the coupling portion of the heating furnace, so that the front portion of the discharge body 11 is inside the heating furnace. May be exposed from

 At this time, the oxygen passage 14 may be arranged in a state in which two to four are spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction. Accordingly, it is possible to maximize the inflow of high-temperature exhaust gas into the flame and reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx). In this case, when the number of the oxygen passages 14 is one or five or more, high temperature exhaust gas flows into the flame is reduced, resulting in the formation of a general flame.

In addition, the central passage 13 is made to coincide with the injection direction of the fuel, the oxygen passage 14 is formed in parallel with the central passage 13 and the central supply unit 20 and the oxygen supply unit 30 The installation area can be reduced and fuel and oxygen can be smoothly supplied.

The central supply unit 20 supplies at least fuel of fuel and primary oxygen to the heating furnace. The central supply unit 20 is to be coupled to the central passage (13). The central supply unit 20 is coupled to the first central supply unit 210 for supplying any one of the fuel and the primary oxygen to the heating furnace, and the central passage 13, the other of the fuel and the primary oxygen to the heating furnace And a second central supply unit 220 for supplying one. For example, when fuel is supplied from the first central supply unit 210, primary oxygen is supplied from the second central supply unit 220. As another example, when the primary oxygen is supplied from the first central supply unit 210, fuel is supplied from the second central supply unit 220.

The first central supply unit 210 includes a first central supply pipe 213 through which any one of fuel and primary oxygen supplied to the heating furnace is transferred. The first central supply pipe 213 may be connected to the first central supply chamber 212 in which any one of fuel and primary oxygen is accommodated. The first central supply chamber 212 may be provided with a first central supply port 211 for supplying any one of fuel and primary oxygen. Then, either one of the fuel and the primary oxygen is received in the first central supply chamber 212 from the external storage container (not shown) through the first central supply port 211, and then the first central supply pipe 213 is opened. After passing through the central nozzle unit (40).

The second central supply unit 220 includes a second central supply pipe 223 coupled to the central passage 13 to transport the other of the fuel and the primary oxygen supplied to the heating furnace. The second central supply pipe 223 may be inserted into the central passage 13. The second central supply pipe 223 may be connected to a second central supply chamber 222 in which the other of the fuel and the primary oxygen is accommodated. The second central supply chamber 222 may be provided with a second central supply port 221 for supplying another of fuel and primary oxygen. Then, the other one of the fuel and the primary oxygen is received in the second central supply chamber 222 through the second central supply port 221 from an external storage container (not shown), and then the second central supply pipe 223 is opened. After passing through the central nozzle unit (40).

Here, the first central supply pipe 213 is inserted and supported in the second central supply pipe 223 and the second central supply chamber 222 to reduce the installation area of the central nozzle unit 40 and to supply fuel and primary oxygen. I can do it smoothly.

The oxygen supply unit 30 is coupled to the oxygen passage 14 so that secondary oxygen is supplied to the heating furnace. The oxygen supply unit 30 may include an oxygen supply pipe 303 coupled to the oxygen passage 14 to transport secondary oxygen supplied to the heating furnace. The oxygen supply pipe 303 may be inserted into the oxygen passage 14. Oxygen supply pipe 303 is provided so that two to four corresponding to the number of the oxygen passage 14. An oxygen supply chamber 302 may be connected to the oxygen supply pipe 303 to accommodate secondary oxygen. In other words, the oxygen supply chamber 302 may branch the oxygen supply pipe 303 corresponding to the oxygen passage 14. The oxygen supply chamber 302 may be provided with an oxygen supply port 301 for supplying secondary oxygen. Then, the secondary oxygen is accommodated in the oxygen supply chamber 302 via an oxygen supply port 301 from an external storage container (not shown) and then injected through the oxygen nozzle unit 50 through the oxygen supply pipe 303. . Here, the second central supply pipe 223 is inserted through the oxygen supply chamber 302 to reduce the installation area of the oxygen supply unit 30 and to smoothly supply the secondary oxygen.

Although not shown, the second central supply chamber 222 may be embedded or penetrated in the oxygen supply chamber 302. In addition, the first central supply chamber 212 may be embedded or penetrated in the second central supply chamber 222.

The central nozzle unit 40 is coupled to the central supply unit 20 so that the central nozzle unit 40 is exposed to the inside of the heating furnace. The central nozzle unit 40 may be coupled to the first central supply pipe 213 and the second central supply pipe 223 so that the central nozzle unit 40 is exposed to the inside of the heating furnace. The central nozzle unit 40 may be coupled to the central passage 13. At this time, the interior of the central through-hole 13 may be partitioned corresponding to the connection structure of the first central supply pipe 213 and the second central supply pipe 223. In addition, the central nozzle unit 40 is injected with at least fuel of the fuel and the primary oxygen supplied from the central supply unit 20. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the central nozzle unit 40 may inject fuel and primary oxygen supplied from the central supply unit 20, respectively.

The central nozzle unit 40 has a central nozzle portion 41 coupled to the first central supply pipe 213 and a nozzle flange portion protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the central nozzle portion 41 and coupled to the second central supply pipe 223 ( 42).

The central nozzle part 41 may be formed with a first injection port 411 through which the fluid transferred from the first central supply pipe 213 is injected. The first injection port 411 may be formed through the central nozzle portion. The penetrating direction of the first injection port 411 may substantially coincide with the moving direction of the fluid conveyed from the first central supply pipe 213, and may substantially coincide with the injection direction of the fuel. At the inlet side of the first injection port 411 may be provided with a central cone portion 411a which is formed to be reduced in diameter from the inlet. Then, an oxygen reaction zone R2 where the fuel and the secondary oxygen react at the collision point of the fuel and the secondary oxygen can be formed. In addition, the edge of the central nozzle portion 41 may include a first coupling portion 412 for coupling with the first central supply pipe 213.

A second injection hole 421 through which the fluid transferred from the second central supply pipe 223 is injected may be formed in the nozzle flange portion 42. The second injection port 421 may be formed through two or more spaced apart from each other along the edge of the nozzle flange 42. Here, the second injection port 421 penetrates obliquely from the nozzle flange portion 42 so that the injection direction of the fluid conveyed from the second central supply pipe 223 crosses the injection direction of the fluid conveyed from the first central supply pipe 213. Can be formed. In other words, the penetrating direction of the second jetting port 421 may be crossed with the penetrating direction of the first jetting port 411. Two or more second injection port 421 may be provided along the circumference of the first injection port 411 to surround the first injection port 411. Then, the fuel enriched region R1 in which the fuel and the primary oxygen react at the point of collision between the fuel and the primary oxygen can be formed. In addition, the edge of the nozzle flange portion 42 may include a second coupling portion 422 for coupling with the second central supply pipe 223.

For example, when fuel is supplied from the first injection port 411, primary oxygen is supplied from the second injection port. As another example, when the primary oxygen is supplied from the first injection port 411, the fuel is supplied from the second injection port 421. The flame configuration according to the injection method of the primary oxygen and the fuel has a double despread flame structure, and has a high radiant heat transfer effect as compared with the fuel supplied from the first injection port 411.

The oxygen nozzle unit 50 is coupled to the oxygen supply unit 30 so that the oxygen nozzle unit 50 is exposed to the interior of the heating furnace. The oxygen nozzle unit 50 may be coupled to the oxygen supply pipe 303 so that the oxygen passage unit 14 is exposed to the inside of the heating furnace. The oxygen nozzle unit 50 may be provided with two to four corresponding to the number of the oxygen passage 14, the number of the oxygen supply pipe 303. The oxygen nozzle unit 50 may be coupled to the oxygen passage 14.

In addition, the oxygen nozzle unit 50 is injected with oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply unit (30). The oxygen nozzle unit 50 may be provided in two or more corresponding to the number of the oxygen passage 14.

At this time, the oxygen nozzle unit 50 has a receiving cone portion 502 which is formed to be reduced in diameter from the inlet and the receiving cone portion so that the injection direction of the fuel and the secondary oxygen injection direction in front of the discharge head unit 10 intersect. An inclined spray hole portion 503 is formed to be obliquely penetrating toward the exit from the (502). In other words, the penetrating direction of the inclined injection hole 503 may cross the penetrating direction of the first injection port 411. Then, an oxygen reaction zone R2 where the fuel and the secondary oxygen react at the collision point of the fuel and the secondary oxygen can be formed.

The inlet of the oxygen nozzle unit 50 is a portion through which oxygen flows from the oxygen nozzle unit 50, and the outlet of the oxygen nozzle unit 50 is defined as a portion through which oxygen introduced into the oxygen nozzle unit 50 is discharged. can do.

In particular, the injection angle A of the oxygen injected from the inclined injection hole 503 can be expressed by the inclination angle of the inclined injection hole 503 or the injection angle of the secondary oxygen, and the injection direction of the fuel and the injection direction of the secondary oxygen. The angle of inclination injection hole 503 in the oxygen nozzle unit 50 is inclined with respect to the injection direction of the fuel so as to cross. The injection angle A of the oxygen injected from the inclined injection hole 503 may be 2.5 degrees or more and 30 degrees or less.

In addition, the oxygen nozzle unit 50 may include an inclination display unit 504 provided at the outlet to indicate the inclination direction of the inclination injection hole part 503. The inclined display portion 504 is the oxygen passage portion 14 so that when the oxygen nozzle unit 50 is coupled to the oxygen supply unit 30 or the oxygen passage 14, the injection direction of the secondary oxygen and the injection direction of the fuel cross each other. ), The oxygen nozzle unit 50 can be positioned.

When the oxygen nozzle unit 50 is positioned in the oxygen through portion 14 through the inclination display portion 504, the center of the inclination display portion 504, the inclined injection hole portion 503, and the center nozzle unit 40 Since the center of the first injection hole 411 is disposed in a straight line, oxygen injected from the oxygen nozzle unit 50 may collide with fuel injected from the first injection hole 411 or the second injection hole 421.

In addition, the edge of the oxygen nozzle unit 50 may include a nozzle coupling portion 501 for coupling with the oxygen supply pipe 303.

The amount of exhaust gas introduced into the flame in the oxygen fuel combustor according to the first embodiment of the present invention is at least one of the injection interval of the secondary oxygen, the injection angle (A) of the secondary oxygen, the collision point of the fuel and the secondary oxygen Can be adjusted accordingly.

First, as the injection interval of the secondary oxygen increases, the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the flame increases. In addition, the narrower the injection interval of the secondary oxygen can reduce the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the flame.

Second, as the injection angle A of the secondary oxygen decreases, the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the flame increases. In addition, as the injection angle A of the secondary oxygen increases, the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the flame may decrease. At this time, the injection angle (A) of the secondary oxygen can be limited to 2.5 degrees or more and 30 degrees or less. Accordingly, by limiting the injection angle (A) of the secondary oxygen to the allowable range, it is possible to maximize the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the flame. If the injection angle (A) of the secondary oxygen becomes smaller than the allowable range in order to increase the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the flame, the collision flame is not formed due to the collision of the fuel and the secondary oxygen, and thus MILD (Moderate and Intense low oxygen dilution combustion effects may be reduced. In addition, when the injection angle (A) of the secondary oxygen is smaller than the allowable range, the collision and reaction of the fuel and the secondary oxygen is far away, so that no combustion reaction or incomplete combustion increases, and carbon monoxide (CO) generation occurs. Can increase. In addition, when the injection angle A of the secondary oxygen becomes larger than the allowable range, the position of the collision flame is closer to the discharge head unit 10, and the discharge head unit 10 and the central nozzle unit 40 are caused by the collision flame. And the oxygen nozzle unit 50 may be damaged or a collision flame may return to the central supply unit 20 or the oxygen supply unit 30.

Third, when the collision point between the fuel and the secondary oxygen is far from the discharge head unit 10, the amount of exhaust gas introduced into the flame may increase. In addition, when the collision point between the fuel and the secondary oxygen approaches the discharge head unit 10, the amount of exhaust gas introduced into the flame may be reduced. If the point of impact is outside the preset tolerances, it is not possible to deliver the desired flame to the material inside the furnace. In other words, when the collision point between the fuel and the secondary oxygen is outside the preset allowable range, a collision flame cannot be formed between the material inside the heating furnace and the discharge head unit 10. In addition, when the collision point between the fuel and the secondary oxygen is out of the predetermined allowable range, the collision flame is brought closer to the discharge head unit 10, and the collision head flame causes the discharge head unit 10 and the central nozzle unit 40 to be separated. The oxygen nozzle unit 50 may be damaged or a collision flame may return to the central supply unit 20 or the oxygen supply unit 30.

Although not shown, the oxy-fuel combustor according to the first embodiment of the present invention may further include a control unit. The control unit adjusts the injection amount of fuel and oxygen in response to the internal temperature T of the heating furnace. The operation of the control unit is explained by the method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

A method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to a first embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. In the method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a method of injecting oxygen and fuel into a heating furnace, as shown in FIG. 8, a temperature measuring step S1 and a temperature comparing step S2. And a first flame forming step (S3) and a second flame forming step (S4). The method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described as a method of injecting oxygen and fuel into a heating furnace through the oxygen fuel combustor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

The temperature measuring step S1 measures the internal temperature T of the heating furnace. In the temperature measuring step S1, the internal temperature T of the heating furnace may be measured by various temperature measuring means.

The temperature comparison step S2 compares the internal temperature T of the heating furnace measured by the temperature measuring step S1 with a preset automatic ignition temperature T0. In the temperature comparison step S2, the internal temperature T of the heating furnace and the preset auto ignition temperature T0 may be compared with various control units.

In the first flame forming step S3, when the internal temperature T of the heating furnace is smaller than the preset auto-ignition temperature T0 according to the comparison result of the temperature comparison step S2, the first oxygen and the second oxygen are added to the fuel. Inject oxygen. Here, the preset automatic ignition temperature (T0) may be made of 800 degrees Celsius to 900 degrees Celsius when the fuel is a liquefied natural gas as fuel. In the first flame forming step (S3), the injection amount of the primary oxygen is 30% or less of the total oxygen injection amount, and the injection amount of the secondary oxygen is 70% or more of the total oxygen injection amount. The first flame forming step S3 includes a fuel injection step S11, a rich injection step S12, and a reaction injection step S13. Here, the order of the first flame forming step S3 is not limited, and the order of the first flame forming step S3 may be adjusted to form the flame.

The fuel injection step S11 in the first flame forming step S3 injects fuel to the front of the discharge head unit 10 through the central nozzle unit 40 provided in the center of the discharge head unit 10. In the rich spraying step S12 in the first flame forming step S3, primary oxygen is injected to the front of the discharge head unit 10 through the central nozzle unit 40. Here, the injection amount of the primary oxygen is 30% or less of the total injection amount. As the rich injection step S12 passes, the primary oxygen and the fuel react with each other in the fuel injection direction at the front of the discharge head unit 10 to form a fuel rich region R1. The reaction spraying step S13 in the first flame forming step S3 is performed through the oxygen nozzle unit 50 provided in the discharge head unit 10 while being spaced apart from the central nozzle unit 40. Inject the secondary oxygen in front of). Here, the injection amount of the secondary oxygen is to be 70% or more of the total injection amount. By passing through the reaction injection step (S13), the secondary oxygen and the fuel react with each other in the direction of the fuel injection in front of the discharge head unit 10, and the oxygen reaction zone (R2) at a portion farther than the fuel rich zone (R1). ). In other words, a fuel rich zone R1 is formed between the discharge head unit 10 and the oxygen reaction zone R2. The fuel rich zone R1 and the oxygen reaction zone R2 may overlap some or be spaced apart from each other.

Then, by reacting with the primary oxygen in the fuel rich region (R1) and the final combustion of the unburned fuel with the secondary oxygen, it is possible to facilitate the ignition and the maintenance of the flame, and to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides.

In the second flame forming step S4, only the secondary oxygen is injected into the fuel when the internal temperature T of the heating furnace is greater than or equal to the preset autoignition temperature T0 according to the result of the temperature comparison step S2. In the second flame forming step (S4), the injection amount of the secondary oxygen is 100% of the total oxygen injection amount. The second flame forming step (S4) excludes the rich injection step (S12) of the first flame forming step (S3), and includes a fuel injection step (S11-1) and a reaction injection step (S13-1). .

The fuel injection step S11-1 in the second flame forming step S4 injects fuel to the front of the discharge head unit 10 through the central nozzle unit 40 provided in the center of the discharge head unit 10. do. The reaction spraying step (S13-1) in the second flame forming step (S4) is performed through the oxygen nozzle unit 50 provided in the discharge head unit 10 while being spaced apart from the central nozzle unit 40. Second oxygen is injected in front of (10). Here, the injection amount of the secondary oxygen is to be 100% of the total injection amount. As the injection injection step (S13-1) passes, the injection direction of the fuel and the injection direction of the secondary oxygen cross in front of the discharge head unit 10, and the secondary oxygen and the fuel react, and the fuel rich region R1 Only the oxygen reaction zone (R2) is formed. In other words, in front of the discharge head unit 10, an oxygen reaction zone is formed by being spaced apart by a predetermined distance corresponding to the injection angle A of the secondary oxygen through the oxygen nozzle unit 50.

Then, in the second flame forming step (S4), since the secondary oxygen and the fuel collide with the fuel only in the oxygen reaction zone (R2), it is possible to maximize the effect of entrainment for the inflow of exhaust gas, which is introduced into the flame. It is possible to maximize the exhaust gas recirculation effect on the exhaust gas. In addition, in the second flame forming step (S4), the flameless combustion reaction is difficult to distinguish with the naked eye.

When secondary oxygen is injected from the oxygen nozzle unit 50 according to at least one of the first flame forming step S3 and the second flame forming step S4, the fuel is formed in the furnace between the secondary oxygen. The hot exhaust gases from the stream enter the flame. This forms a recirculation zone (R3) where the exhaust gas enters the flame. This phenomenon has an exhaust gas recirculation effect, which can drastically reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides. Particularly, in the first embodiment of the present invention, since the exhaust gas generated inside the heating furnace is not forcedly circulated, or the exhaust gas is not introduced into the flame or mixed with oxygen through a separate circulation device, the first embodiment of the present invention is eliminated. The structural characteristics of the oxy-fuel combustor according to the embodiment can obtain the exhaust gas recirculation effect.

In the reaction between the secondary oxygen and the fuel of at least one of the first flame forming step S3 and the second flame forming step S4, two oxygen nozzle units 50 are connected to the two oxygen passages 14. Since it is provided, and spaced apart in the circumferential direction with respect to the virtual circle (C), the fuel and the secondary oxygen collides in the oxygen reaction zone (R2) formed to be spaced a predetermined distance in front of the discharge head unit 10. Accordingly, the flame formed by the collision of fuel and secondary oxygen may form a flat flame having a thin thickness and a wide fan shape. Then, as the flat flame is formed, one oxygen fuel combustor has an effect of heating a large area. In addition, in the reaction between the secondary oxygen and the fuel, three to four oxygen nozzle units 50 are provided in correspondence with the three to four oxygen through portions 14 in a 1: 1 manner, and a virtual circle C Since they are spaced at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the fuel and the secondary oxygen collide with each other in the oxygen reaction zone R2 formed at a predetermined distance from the front of the discharge head unit 10. Accordingly, the flame formed by the collision of the fuel and the secondary oxygen forms a general flame and can be used in a general heating field.

In addition, when fuel and oxygen are injected in at least one of the first flame forming step S3 and the second flame forming step S4, the central nozzle unit 40 is injected in front of the discharge head unit 10. The injection speed of the fuel may be limited to 50% or less of the injection speed of the secondary oxygen injected from the oxygen nozzle unit. This difference in fuel and secondary oxygen injection rates can maximize the amount of hot exhaust gas entering the flame. In addition, when fuel and oxygen are injected in at least one of the first flame forming step S3 and the second flame forming step S4, the injection speed of the secondary oxygen injected from the oxygen nozzle unit 50 is 100 m. You can limit from / s to 400 m / s. This secondary oxygen injection rate limit can maximize the amount of hot exhaust gas introduced into the flame.

If the injection speed of the secondary oxygen is lower than the limit range, the high temperature exhaust gas inflow is reduced, and the amount of nitrogen oxides may be increased. In addition, when the injection speed of the secondary oxygen is lower than the limit range, the injection speed of the fuel is relatively increased, the flame reaction may not occur. In addition, when the injection speed of the secondary oxygen is higher than the limit range, the injection speed of the fuel is relatively reduced, the inflow amount of the exhaust gas may be increased and the flame reaction may not occur.

9 is a perspective view showing an oxy-fuel combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a combined state of the oxy-fuel combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 11 is a present invention 12 is a view illustrating an arrangement state of a central nozzle unit and an oxygen nozzle unit in an oxyfuel combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 illustrates a central nozzle unit and an oxygen nozzle unit in an oxyfuel combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 13 is a view showing a modified arrangement state of FIG. 13 is a view showing a method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to a second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 14 is a view of oxygen and fuel according to a second embodiment of the present invention It is a figure which shows the reaction state of.

Hereinafter, an oxygen combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 14. The oxyfuel combustor according to the second embodiment of the present invention supplies oxygen and fuel to a heating furnace, and includes a discharge head unit 10, a central supply unit 20, an oxygen supply unit 30, and a central nozzle. The unit 40 and the oxygen nozzle unit 50 are included. In the oxyfuel combustor according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the same components as those of the oxyfuel combustor according to the first embodiment of the present invention are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

The oxygen fuel combustor according to the second embodiment of the present invention forms the oxygen nozzle unit 50 in multiple stages. Accordingly, the oxygen passage 14 includes a first oxygen passage 15 and a second oxygen passage 16, the oxygen supply unit 30 and the first oxygen supply unit 310 and And a second oxygen supply unit 320, and the oxygen nozzle unit 50 may include a first oxygen nozzle unit 510 and a second oxygen nozzle unit 520.

The first oxygen passing through portion 15 is formed to be spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction with respect to the first virtual circle C1 centered on the central through portion 13. The second oxygen penetrating portion 16 is formed penetratingly spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction with respect to the second virtual circle C2 larger than the first virtual circle C1. Here, the first oxygen through-hole 15 may be provided with two to four, the second oxygen through-hole 16 may be provided with two to four. In the second embodiment of the present invention, the first oxygen passing portion 15 and the second oxygen passing portion 16 may be formed in the same number. In this case, the first oxygen passage 15 may be disposed on an imaginary line connecting the central passage 13 and the second oxygen passage 16, or may be disposed off the imaginary line. Although not shown, the number of first oxygen through portions 15 and the number of second oxygen through portions 16 may be different.

The first oxygen supply unit 310 is coupled to the first oxygen passage 15. The first oxygen supply unit 310 may include a first oxygen supply pipe 313 coupled to the first oxygen passage 15 to convey secondary oxygen supplied to the heating furnace. The first oxygen supply pipe 313 may be inserted into the first oxygen passage 15. The first oxygen supply pipe 313 is provided with two to four corresponding to the number of the first oxygen through-hole 15. The first oxygen supply pipe 313 may be connected to the first oxygen supply chamber 312 in which the secondary oxygen is accommodated. In other words, in the first oxygen supply chamber 312, the first oxygen supply pipe 313 may be branched to correspond to the first oxygen passage 15. The first oxygen supply chamber 312 may be provided with a first oxygen supply port 311 for supplying secondary oxygen. Then, the secondary oxygen is accommodated in the first oxygen supply chamber 312 from the external storage container (not shown) through the first oxygen supply port 311, and then passes through the first oxygen supply pipe 313 to the first oxygen nozzle. To be injected from unit 510. Here, the second central supply pipe 223 is inserted into the first oxygen supply chamber 312 to reduce the installation area of the first oxygen supply unit 310 and to smoothly supply the secondary oxygen.

The second oxygen supply unit 320 is coupled to the second oxygen passage 16. The second oxygen supply unit 320 may include a second oxygen supply pipe 323 coupled to the second oxygen passing portion 16 to which secondary oxygen supplied to the heating furnace is transferred. The second oxygen supply pipe 323 may be inserted into the second oxygen passage 16. The second oxygen supply pipe 323 is provided with two to four corresponding to the number of the second oxygen through-hole 16. The second oxygen supply chamber 322 may be connected to the second oxygen supply pipe 323. In other words, in the second oxygen supply chamber 322, the second oxygen supply pipe 323 may be branched to correspond to the second oxygen passage 16. The second oxygen supply chamber 322 may be provided with a second oxygen supply port 321 for supplying secondary oxygen. Then, the secondary oxygen is received in the second oxygen supply chamber 322 from the external storage container (not shown) through the second oxygen supply port 321 and then passes through the second oxygen supply pipe 323 to the second oxygen nozzle. Inject in unit 520. Here, the second central supply pipe 223 is inserted into the second oxygen supply chamber 322 to reduce the installation area of the second oxygen supply unit 320 and to smoothly supply the secondary oxygen. In addition, the second oxygen supply chamber 322 may be disposed between the second central supply chamber 222 and the first oxygen supply chamber 312.

Although not shown, the first oxygen supply chamber 312 may be embedded in the second oxygen supply chamber 322. In addition, a second central supply chamber 222 may be embedded in the first oxygen supply chamber 312. In addition, the first central supply chamber 212 may be embedded in the second central supply chamber 222.

The first oxygen nozzle unit 510 is coupled to the first oxygen supply unit 310 or the first oxygen passage 15 so that the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 is exposed to the inside of the heating furnace. As in the first embodiment of the present invention, the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 includes a receiving cone portion 502, an inclined spray hole portion 503, at least one of the nozzle coupling portion 501 and the inclined display portion 504. Any one may be further included. The second oxygen nozzle unit 520 is coupled to the second oxygen supply unit 320 or the second oxygen passage 16 so as to be exposed from the second oxygen passage 16 to the inside of the heating furnace. As in the first embodiment of the present invention, the second oxygen nozzle unit 520 includes a receiving cone portion 502, an inclined spray hole portion 503, at least one of the nozzle coupling portion 501 and the inclined display portion 504. Any one may be further included. When the oxygen nozzle unit 50 is formed in multiple stages as described above, the injection angle of the secondary oxygen injected from the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 is the injection angle of the secondary oxygen injected from the second oxygen nozzle unit 520. By making it larger, the oxygen reaction zone R2 may include a first oxygen reaction zone R21 and a second oxygen reaction zone R22. The first oxygen reaction zone R21 crosses the secondary oxygen injection direction and the fuel injection direction that are injected from the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 in front of the discharge head unit 10 so that the secondary oxygen and the fuel react. do. The second oxygen reaction zone R22 crosses the injection direction of the secondary oxygen injected from the second oxygen nozzle unit 520 and the fuel injection direction toward the front of the first oxygen reaction zone R21 so that the secondary oxygen and fuel Reacts.

Although not shown, the oxy-fuel combustor according to the second embodiment of the present invention may further include a control unit. The control unit adjusts the injection amount of fuel and oxygen in response to the internal temperature T of the heating furnace. The operation of the control unit will be described by the method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

A method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to a second embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 14. In the method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to the second embodiment of the present invention, a method of injecting oxygen and fuel into a heating furnace, as shown in FIG. 13, a temperature measuring step S1 and a temperature comparing step S2. And a first flame forming step (S3) and a second flame forming step (S4). The method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described as a method of injecting oxygen and fuel into a heating furnace through the oxygen fuel combustor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

The temperature measuring step S1 measures the internal temperature T of the heating furnace. The temperature measuring step S1 may measure the internal temperature T of the heating furnace through various temperature measuring means.

The temperature comparison step S2 compares the internal temperature T of the heating furnace measured by the temperature measuring step S1 with a preset automatic ignition temperature T0. The temperature comparison step S2 may compare the internal temperature T of the heating furnace with a preset automatic ignition temperature T0 through various types of control units (not shown).

In the first flame forming step S3, when the internal temperature T of the heating furnace is smaller than the preset auto-ignition temperature T0 according to the comparison result of the temperature comparison step S2, the first oxygen and the second oxygen are added to the fuel. Inject oxygen. Here, the preset automatic ignition temperature (T0) may be made of 800 degrees Celsius to 900 degrees Celsius when the fuel is a liquid natural gas (LNG). In the first flame forming step (S3), the injection amount of the primary oxygen is 30% or less of the total oxygen injection amount, and the injection amount of the secondary oxygen is 70% or more of the total oxygen injection amount. The first flame forming step (S3) includes a fuel injection step (S21) and a rich injection step (S22), and further includes at least one of the first reaction injection step (S23) and the second reaction injection step (S24). Include. Here, the order of the first flame forming step S3 is not limited, and the order of the first flame forming step S3 may be adjusted to form the flame.

The fuel injection step S21 in the first flame forming step S3 injects fuel to the front of the discharge head unit 10 through the central nozzle unit 40 provided in the center portion of the discharge head unit 10. In the rich spraying step S22 in the first flame forming step S3, primary oxygen is injected to the front of the discharge head unit 10 through the central nozzle unit 40. Here, the injection amount of the primary oxygen is 30% or less of the total injection amount. As the rich injection step (S22) is passed, the primary oxygen and the fuel react with each other by crossing the injection direction of the fuel in front of the discharge head unit 10, thereby forming a fuel rich zone R1. The first reaction spraying step (S23) in the first flame forming step (S3) is discharged through the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 provided in the discharge head unit 10 while being spaced apart from the central nozzle unit 40. The secondary oxygen is injected in front of the head unit 10. As the first reaction injection step S23 passes, the injection direction of the fuel and the injection direction of the secondary oxygen cross in front of the discharge head unit 10, and the secondary oxygen and the fuel react, and the fuel rich region R1 The first oxygen reaction zone (R21) is formed in the farther part. In other words, a fuel rich zone R1 is formed between the discharge head unit 10 and the first oxygen reaction zone R21. Here, the fuel enriched region R1 and the first oxygen reaction region R21 may be partially overlapped or spaced apart from each other. The second reaction spraying step S24 in the first flame forming step S3 is discharged through the second oxygen nozzle unit 520 provided in the discharge head unit 10 while being spaced apart from the central nozzle unit 40. The secondary oxygen is injected in front of the head unit 10. As the second reaction injection step (S24) passes, the injection direction of the fuel and the secondary oxygen injection direction cross in front of the discharge head unit 10, and the secondary oxygen and the fuel react, and the fuel rich region R1 In the farther part, a second oxygen reaction zone (R22) is formed. In other words, the first oxygen reaction zone R21 and the fuel rich zone R1 may be formed between the discharge head unit 10 and the second oxygen reaction zone R22. Here, the fuel rich zone R1, the first oxygen reaction zone R21, and the second oxygen reaction zone R22 may be partially overlapped and spaced apart from each other.

Then, the fuel rich zone R1, the first oxygen reaction zone R21, and the second oxygen reaction zone R22 may be sequentially formed in front of the discharge head unit 10. In addition, at least one of the first oxygen reaction zone R21 and the second oxygen reaction zone R22 may be formed according to the combustion reaction conditions.

Here, the injection amount of the secondary oxygen injected in the first reaction injection step (S23) in the first flame formation step (S3) and the second reaction injection step (S24) in the first flame formation step (S3) The sum of the injection amounts of the secondary oxygen is to be 70% or more of the total injection amount. When secondary oxygen is injected from both the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 and the second oxygen nozzle unit 520, the injection amount of secondary oxygen or the injection speed of secondary oxygen is injected from the first oxygen nozzle unit 510. The second oxygen nozzle unit 520 may be equal to or less than the injection amount of the secondary oxygen injection rate or the secondary oxygen injection rate can maximize the recycle effect of the exhaust gas.

Then, by reacting with the primary oxygen in the fuel rich zone (R1) and the unburned fuel finally reacts with the secondary oxygen in at least one of the first oxygen reaction zone (R21) and the second oxygen reaction zone (R22), It is easy to ignite and maintain the flame, and reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides.

When secondary oxygen is injected from at least one of the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 and the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 according to the first flame forming step S3, heating is performed between the fuel and the secondary oxygen. Hot exhaust gas from the furnace flows into the flame. This forms a recirculation zone (R3) where the exhaust gas enters the flame. This phenomenon has an exhaust gas recirculation effect, which can drastically reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides. Particularly, in the second embodiment of the present invention, since the exhaust gas generated inside the furnace is not forcedly circulated, or the exhaust gas is not introduced into the flame or mixed with oxygen through a separate circulation device, the second embodiment of the present invention is eliminated. The structural characteristics of the oxy-fuel combustor according to the embodiment can obtain the exhaust gas recirculation effect.

In the second flame forming step S4, only the secondary oxygen is injected into the fuel when the internal temperature T of the heating furnace is greater than or equal to the preset autoignition temperature T0 according to the result of the temperature comparison step S2. In particular, the injection amount of the secondary oxygen in the second flame forming step (S4) is 100% of the total oxygen injection amount.

The second flame forming step (S4) is to exclude the rich injection step (S22) of the first flame forming step (S3), and includes a fuel injection step (S21-1), the first reaction injection step (S23-1) ) And at least one of the second reaction spraying step (S24-1).

The fuel injection step S21-1 in the second flame forming step S4 injects fuel to the front of the discharge head unit 10 through the central nozzle unit 40 provided at the center of the discharge head unit 10. do.

The first reaction spraying step (S23-1) in the second flame forming step (S4) includes the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 provided in the discharge head unit 10 while being spaced apart from the central nozzle unit 40. The secondary oxygen is injected in front of the discharge head unit 10 through. As the first reaction injection step (S23-1) passes, the injection direction of the fuel and the injection direction of the secondary oxygen cross in front of the discharge head unit 10, and the secondary oxygen and the fuel react with each other. Without the R1), the first oxygen reaction zone R21 is formed. In other words, the first oxygen reaction region R21 is formed by being spaced apart by a predetermined distance corresponding to the injection angle of the secondary oxygen through the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 in front of the discharge head unit 10.

The second reaction spraying step (S24-1) in the second flame forming step (S4) is a first oxygen nozzle unit 510 provided in the discharge head unit 10 in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit (40) The secondary oxygen is injected in front of the discharge head unit 10 through. As the second reaction injection step (S24-1) passes, the injection direction of the fuel and the injection direction of the secondary oxygen cross in front of the discharge head unit 10, and the secondary oxygen and the fuel react, and the fuel rich region ( Forms a second oxygen reaction zone (R22) without R1). In other words, the second oxygen reaction zone R22 is formed at a predetermined distance from the discharge head unit 10 to correspond to the injection angle of the secondary oxygen through the first oxygen nozzle unit 510. Then, a first oxygen reaction zone R21 may be formed between the discharge head unit 10 and the second oxygen reaction zone R22. Here, the fuel rich zone R1, the first oxygen reaction zone R21, and the second oxygen reaction zone R22 may be partially overlapped and spaced apart from each other.

Then, the first oxygen reaction zone R21 and the second oxygen reaction zone R22 may be sequentially formed in front of the discharge head unit 10. In addition, at least one of the first oxygen reaction zone R21 and the second oxygen reaction zone R22 may be formed according to the combustion reaction conditions.

Here, the first oxygen reaction zone (R21) is formed in a portion closer to the second oxygen reaction zone (R22) in front of the discharge head unit 10, the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 is the first oxygen nozzle unit ( It is formed in a portion closer to the center nozzle unit 40 than the 510.

In addition, the injection amount of the secondary oxygen injected in the first reaction injection step (S23-1) in the second flame formation step (S4) and the second reaction injection step (S24-1) in the second flame formation step (S4) The sum of the injection amounts of the secondary oxygen injected from) is to be 100% of the total injection amount. When secondary oxygen is injected from both the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 and the first oxygen nozzle unit 510, the injection amount of secondary oxygen or the injection speed of secondary oxygen is injected from the second oxygen nozzle unit 520. The first oxygen nozzle unit 510 may be equal to or larger than the injection amount of the secondary oxygen injection rate or the secondary oxygen injection rate can maximize the recycle effect of the exhaust gas.

Then, in the second flame formation step (S4), since the secondary oxygen and the fuel collide with each other in at least one of the first oxygen reaction zone R21 and the second oxygen reaction zone R22, the flame is generated. It is possible to maximize the effect of the entrainment and to maximize the recycle effect on the exhaust gas flowing into the flame. In addition, in the second flame forming step (S4), the flameless combustion reaction is difficult to distinguish with the naked eye.

In the reaction between the secondary oxygen and the fuel in the first flame forming step S3 or the second flame forming step S4, the first oxygen nozzle unit is used for heating a portion relatively close to the front of the discharge head unit 10. Secondary oxygen and fuel may be injected through 510 and the central nozzle unit 40 to form a relatively short flame. In addition, the secondary oxygen and the fuel is injected through the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 and the central nozzle unit 40 to heat the portion relatively far from the front of the discharge head unit 10 to form a relatively long flame. can do. In addition, secondary oxygen and fuel are injected through the first oxygen nozzle unit 510, the first oxygen nozzle unit 510, and the central nozzle unit 40 for the entire heating in front of the discharge head unit 10. The formation area of the flame can be widened.

In the reaction between the secondary oxygen and the fuel of at least one of the first flame forming step S3 and the second flame forming step S4, the two first oxygen nozzle units 510 are provided with two first oxygen passages. 15, two first oxygen nozzle units 510 are provided in two second oxygen passage portions 16, and a central nozzle unit 40, a first oxygen nozzle unit 510, and a first oxygen nozzle unit 510 are provided. Since the oxygen nozzle unit 510 is disposed in a straight line, in at least one of the first oxygen reaction zone R21 and the second oxygen reaction zone R22 formed at a predetermined distance apart from the front of the discharge head unit 10. Fuel and secondary oxygen collide. Accordingly, the flame formed by the collision of the fuel and the secondary oxygen may form a flat flame having a thin thickness and a wide fan shape. Then, one oxygen fuel combustor has the effect of heating a large area according to the formation of the flat flame.

In addition, in the reaction between the secondary oxygen and the fuel, two first oxygen nozzle units 510 are provided in two first oxygen through-holes 15, and two first oxygen nozzle units 510 are provided in two. A virtual line provided at the second oxygen passage portion 16 and connecting the central nozzle unit 40 and the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 to the central nozzle unit 40 and the first oxygen nozzle unit 510. When intersecting the imaginary line to be connected, the fuel and the secondary in at least one of the first oxygen reaction zone (R21) and the second oxygen reaction zone (R22) formed at a predetermined distance apart in front of the discharge head unit 10 Oxygen will collide. Accordingly, the flame formed by the collision of the fuel and the secondary oxygen forms a general flame and can be used in a general heating field. In addition, in the reaction between the secondary oxygen and the fuel, three to four first oxygen nozzle units 510 are provided in correspondence with the three to four first oxygen passages 15 in a 1: 1 correspondence. Spaced at equal intervals in the circumferential direction with respect to the imaginary circle C1, three to four first oxygen nozzle units 510 are provided to correspond to the three to four second oxygen communicating portions 16 in a 1: 1 correspondence. The first oxygen reaction zone R21 and the second oxygen reaction zone are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction with respect to the second virtual circle C2, and are formed at a predetermined distance from the front of the discharge head unit 10. In at least one of (R22), fuel and secondary oxygen collide. Accordingly, the flame formed by the collision of the fuel and the secondary oxygen forms a general flame and can be used in a general heating field.

In addition, when fuel and oxygen are injected in at least one of the first flame forming step S3 and the second flame forming step S4, the central nozzle unit 40 is injected in front of the discharge head unit 10. The injection speed of the fuel may be limited to 50% or less of the injection speed of the secondary oxygen injected from the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 or the first oxygen nozzle unit 510. This difference in fuel and secondary oxygen injection rates can maximize the amount of exhaust gas entering the flame. In addition, when fuel and oxygen are injected in at least one of the first flame forming step S3 and the second flame forming step S4, the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 or the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 may be used. The injection speed of secondary oxygen injected can be limited to 100 m / s to 400 m / s. This secondary oxygen injection rate limit can maximize the amount of hot exhaust gas introduced into the flame.

If the injection speed of the secondary oxygen is lower than the limit range, the high temperature exhaust gas inflow is reduced, and the amount of nitrogen oxides may be increased. In addition, when the injection speed of the secondary oxygen is lower than the limit range, the injection speed of the fuel is relatively increased, the flame reaction may not occur. In addition, when the injection speed of the secondary oxygen is higher than the limit range, the injection speed of the fuel is relatively reduced, the inflow amount of the exhaust gas may be increased and the flame reaction may not occur.

Although not shown, the oxy-fuel combustor according to the second embodiment of the present invention may further include a control unit. The control unit adjusts the injection amount of fuel and oxygen in response to the internal temperature T of the heating furnace. The operation of the control unit will be described by the method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

15 is a perspective view showing an oxy-fuel combustor according to a third embodiment of the present invention, Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a combined state of the oxy-fuel combustor according to a third embodiment of the present invention, Figure 17 is a present invention FIG. 18 is a view illustrating an arrangement state of a central nozzle unit and an oxygen nozzle unit in an oxyfuel combustor according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 18 is a view illustrating a central nozzle unit in an oxyfuel combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 19 is a view showing a method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to a third embodiment of the present invention, Figure 20 is a view showing a reaction state of oxygen and fuel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

The oxyfuel combustor according to the third embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 20. The oxyfuel combustor according to the third embodiment of the present invention supplies oxygen and fuel to a heating furnace, and includes a discharge head unit 10, a central supply unit 20, an oxygen supply unit 30, and a central nozzle. The unit 40 and the oxygen nozzle unit 50 are included.

In the oxy-fuel combustor according to the third embodiment of the present invention, the same components as those of the oxy-fuel combustor according to the first or second embodiment of the present invention are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. .

The oxy-fuel combustor according to the third embodiment of the present invention is formed such that only fuel is injected from the central nozzle unit 40.

Accordingly, the central supply unit 20 includes a first central supply unit 210 for supplying primary fuel to the heating furnace, and a second central supply unit 220 for supplying secondary fuel to the heating furnace, The central nozzle unit 40 may include a central nozzle portion 41 and a nozzle flange portion 42. The sum of primary and secondary fuels is to be 100% of the total fuel injection. Primary and secondary fuels may use the same fuel.

The first central supply unit 210 includes a first central supply pipe 213 through which primary fuel supplied to a heating furnace is transferred. The first central supply pipe 213 may be connected to the first central supply chamber 212 in which the primary fuel is accommodated. The first central supply chamber 212 may be provided with a first central supply port 211 for supplying primary fuel. Then, the primary fuel is received in the first central supply chamber 212 from the external storage container (not shown) through the first central supply port 211, and then passes through the first central supply pipe 213 to the central nozzle unit ( 40).

The second central supply unit 220 includes a second central supply pipe 223 coupled to the central passage 13 to convey secondary fuel supplied to the heating furnace. The second central supply pipe 223 may be inserted into the central passage 13. A second central supply chamber 222 may be connected to the second central supply pipe 223 to accommodate secondary fuel. The second central supply chamber 222 may be provided with a second central supply port 221 for supplying secondary fuel. Then, the secondary fuel is received in the second central supply chamber 222 from the external storage container (not shown) through the second central supply port 221 and then passes through the second central supply pipe 223 to the central nozzle unit ( 40). Here, the first central supply pipe 213 is inserted into and supported in the second central supply pipe 223 and the second central supply chamber 222 to reduce the size of the central nozzle unit 40, and to reduce the size of the primary fuel and the secondary fuel. Supply can be smooth.

The central nozzle unit 40 is coupled to the central supply unit 20 so that the central nozzle unit 40 is exposed to the inside of the heating furnace. The central nozzle unit 40 may be coupled to the first central supply pipe 213 and the second central supply pipe 223 so that the central nozzle unit 40 is exposed to the inside of the heating furnace. The central nozzle unit 40 may be coupled to the central passage 13. At this time, the interior of the central through-hole 13 may be partitioned corresponding to the connection structure of the first central supply pipe 213 and the second central supply pipe 223.

In addition, the central nozzle unit 40 is injected with the primary fuel supplied from the first central supply unit 210 and the secondary fuel supplied from the second central supply unit 220. In the third embodiment of the present invention, the central nozzle unit 40 may inject the primary fuel supplied from the first central supply unit 210 and the secondary fuel supplied from the second central supply unit 220, respectively. have. The central nozzle unit 40 has a central nozzle portion 41 coupled to the first central supply pipe 213 and a nozzle flange portion protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the central nozzle portion 41 and coupled to the second central supply pipe 223 ( 42).

The first nozzle port 411 through which the primary fuel transferred from the first central supply pipe 213 is injected may be formed in the central nozzle part 41. The first injection port 411 may be formed through the center portion of the central nozzle portion 41. The penetrating direction of the first injection port 411 may substantially coincide with the moving direction of the primary fuel conveyed from the first central supply pipe 213, and may substantially coincide with the injection direction of the primary fuel. At the inlet side of the first injection port 411 may be provided with a central cone portion 411a which is formed to be reduced in diameter from the inlet. Then, an oxygen reaction zone R2 may be formed in which the secondary fuel and the oxygen react at the collision point of the secondary fuel and the oxygen. In addition, the edge of the central nozzle portion 41 may include a first coupling portion 412 for coupling with the first central supply pipe 213.

A second injection hole 421 through which the secondary fuel transferred from the second central supply pipe 223 may be injected may be formed in the nozzle flange portion 42. The second injection port 421 may be formed through two or more spaced apart from each other along the edge of the nozzle flange 42.

Here, the second injection port 421 is a nozzle plan so that the injection direction of the secondary fuel transferred from the second central supply pipe 223 intersects the injection direction of oxygen transferred from the oxygen supply pipe 303 of the oxygen supply unit 30. The branch 42 may be formed obliquely through. In particular, the second injection port 421 may be disposed on an imaginary line connecting the first injection port 411 and the inclined injection hole 503 to correspond to the oxygen nozzle unit 50. In other words, the penetrating direction of the second jetting port 421 may cross the penetrating direction of the inclined jetting hole part 503. In more detail, the second injection port 421 and the oxygen nozzle unit 50 may be formed in the same quantity. Then, it is possible to form an additional reaction zone (R4) where the secondary fuel and oxygen reacts at the point of collision of the secondary fuel and oxygen. In addition, the edge of the nozzle flange portion 42 may include a second coupling portion 422 for coupling with the second central supply pipe 223.

Although not shown, in the third embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen passage 14 includes a first oxygen passage 15 and a second oxygen passage 16 as in the second embodiment of the present invention. The oxygen supply unit 30 includes a first oxygen supply unit 310 and a second oxygen supply unit 320 as in the second embodiment of the present invention, and the oxygen nozzle unit 50 includes the present invention. As in the second embodiment of the present invention, a first oxygen nozzle unit 510 and a first oxygen nozzle unit 510 may be included.

The oxy-fuel combustor according to the third embodiment of the present invention may further include a control unit. The control unit adjusts the injection amount of fuel and oxygen in response to the internal temperature T of the heating furnace. The operation of the control unit will be described by the method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

A method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to a third embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 20. Oxygen and fuel injection method according to a third embodiment of the present invention is a method for injecting oxygen and fuel in the heating furnace, as shown in Figure 19 the temperature measuring step (S1), the temperature comparison step (S2) And a first flame forming step (S3) and a second flame forming step (S4). The method of injecting oxygen and fuel according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described as a method of injecting oxygen and fuel into a heating furnace through the oxygen fuel combustor according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

In the third embodiment of the present invention, in at least one of the first flame forming step S3 and the second flame forming step S4, the injection direction of the primary fuel and the oxygen injection in front of the discharge head unit 10 are carried out. The direction of intersection of the injection direction of the secondary fuel and the injection direction of oxygen between the discharge reaction unit (R2) and the discharge head unit (10) and the oxygen reaction zone (R2) where the primary fuel and oxygen react to cross 2 At least one of two or more additional reaction zones R4 in which the secondary fuel and oxygen react. Two or more additional reaction zones (R4) may overlap one another and may be spaced apart from one another.

The temperature measuring step S1 measures the internal temperature of the heating furnace. The temperature measuring step S1 may measure the internal temperature T of the heating furnace through various types of temperature measuring means (not shown).

The temperature comparison step S2 compares the internal temperature T of the heating furnace measured by the temperature measuring step S1 with a preset automatic ignition temperature T0. The temperature comparison step S2 may compare the internal temperature T of the heating furnace with a preset automatic ignition temperature T0 through various types of control units (not shown).

In the first flame forming step S3, when the internal temperature T of the heating furnace is smaller than the preset auto ignition temperature T0 according to the comparison result of the temperature comparison step S2, the primary fuel and the secondary fuel are in the oxygen. Inject at least one of the fuels. The preset auto ignition temperature T0 may be 800 degrees Celsius to 900 degrees Celsius when the fuel is liquefied natural gas.

The first flame forming step (S3) includes a reaction spraying step (S33), and further includes at least one of the first fuel spraying step (S31) and the second fuel spraying step (S32). Here, the order of the first flame forming step S3 is not limited, and the order of the first flame forming step S3 may be adjusted to form the flame.

Reaction spraying step (S33) in the first flame forming step (S3) is the oxygen nozzle provided in the discharge head unit 10 in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit 40 provided in the center of the discharge head unit 10 Oxygen is injected in front of the discharge head unit 10 through the unit 50. In accordance with the reaction injection step (S33) in front of the discharge head unit 10, the injection direction of oxygen and the injection direction of the primary fuel and the injection direction of oxygen, the injection direction and oxygen of the secondary fuel At least one of the additional reaction zone (R4) in which the injection direction of is formed. Here, the oxygen reaction zone (R2) and the additional reaction zone (R4) may overlap some, and may be spaced apart from each other. Although not shown, when the oxygen injection nozzle 50 is formed in multiple stages in the third embodiment of the present invention, the reaction injection step (S33) is the same as the second embodiment of the present invention, the first reaction injection step, and the second It may include at least one of the reaction injection step.

In the first reaction spraying step, the discharge head unit may be spaced apart from the central nozzle unit 40 so as to cross the injection direction of the primary fuel in front of the discharge head unit 10 to form the first oxygen reaction zone R21. Oxygen is injected in front of the discharge head unit 10 through the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 provided in the 10). In the second reaction spraying step, the discharge head unit is spaced apart from the central nozzle unit 40 so as to cross the injection direction of the primary fuel in front of the discharge head unit 10 to form the second oxygen reaction zone R22. Oxygen is injected to the front of the discharge head unit 10 through the second oxygen nozzle unit 520 provided in the 10).

Here, the first oxygen reaction zone R21 is formed at a portion closer to the second oxygen reaction zone R22 in front of the discharge head unit 10. In addition, the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 is formed closer to the center nozzle unit 40 than the second oxygen nozzle unit 520. In other words, the second oxygen nozzle unit 520 is formed farther from the central nozzle unit 40 than the first oxygen nozzle unit 510.

The first fuel injection step S31 in the first flame forming step S3 injects primary fuel into the oxygen reaction zone R2 through the central nozzle unit 40. Primary fuel is injected to the front of the discharge head unit 10 through the central nozzle unit 40 provided in the center portion of the discharge head unit 10. As the first fuel injection step (S31) passes, the injection direction of the primary fuel and the injection direction of oxygen cross in front of the discharge head unit 10, and the primary fuel and oxygen react, and the oxygen reaction zone R2 is changed. Form.

The second fuel injection step S32 in the first flame forming step S3 injects secondary fuel into the additional reaction zone R4 through the central nozzle unit 40. As the second fuel injection step S32 passes, the secondary fuel injection direction and the oxygen injection direction cross each other to react with the secondary fuel and oxygen to form an additional reaction zone R4.

Then, the secondary fuel and oxygen react in the additional reaction zone (R4), and unburned oxygen finally reacts with the primary fuel in the oxygen reaction zone (R2), thereby facilitating ignition and maintenance of flame, and nitrogen oxides. Can reduce emissions.

When the primary fuel and the secondary fuel are injected by 50%, respectively, in the central nozzle unit 40, the entire reaction may form a wide and long flame. Here, as the injection amount of the primary fuel is larger than the injection amount of the secondary fuel, a flame is formed at a far distance from the discharge head unit 10, and the discharge head unit 10 is so that the injection amount of the primary fuel is smaller than the injection amount of the secondary fuel. Can be formed in a short distance.

The second flame forming step (S4) is in the primary fuel or secondary fuel in the oxygen, when the internal temperature (T) of the furnace according to the result of the temperature comparison step (S2) or more than the predetermined automatic ignition temperature (T0) Spray at least one. The second flame formation step S4 includes a fuel control step S31-1 and an oxygen control step S33-1.

Fuel control step (S31-1) in the second flame forming step (S4) is injected to the primary fuel in the oxygen reaction zone (R2) through the central nozzle unit 40, or secondary to the additional reaction zone (R4) Inject fuel. Oxygen control step (S33-1) in the second flame forming step (S4) is at least one of the oxygen reaction zone (R2) and the additional reaction zone (R4) according to the fuel injected in the fuel control step (S31-1) Inject oxygen into it.

Although not shown, when the oxygen injection nozzle 50 is formed in multiple stages in the third embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen adjusting step (S33-1) is the same as the second embodiment of the present invention. It may include at least one of the second oxygen control step.

In the first oxygen control step, the discharge head unit may be spaced apart from the central nozzle unit 40 so as to cross the injection direction of the primary fuel in front of the discharge head unit 10 to form the first oxygen reaction zone R21. Oxygen is injected in front of the discharge head unit 10 through the first oxygen nozzle unit 510 provided in the 10).

In the first oxygen control step, the discharge head unit may be spaced apart from the central nozzle unit 40 to cross the injection direction of the primary fuel in front of the discharge head unit 10 to form the second oxygen reaction zone R22. Oxygen is injected to the front of the discharge head unit 10 through the second oxygen nozzle unit 520 provided in the 10).

Here, the first oxygen reaction zone R21 is formed at a portion closer to the second oxygen reaction zone R22 in front of the discharge head unit 10. In addition, the second oxygen nozzle unit 520 is formed closer to the center nozzle unit 40 than the first oxygen nozzle unit 510.

Following the fuel control step (S31-1) and the oxygen control step (S33-1), the primary fuel and oxygen cross to form an oxygen reaction zone (R2) where the primary fuel and oxygen react, 2 The secondary fuel and oxygen cross to form an additional reaction zone (R4) where the secondary fuel and oxygen react.

Then, in the second flame forming step (S4), the flame is generated by collision of oxygen and fuel in at least one of the oxygen reaction zone (R2) and the additional reaction zone (R4), so that the effect of entrainment for exhaust gas inflow is achieved. It is possible to maximize and maximize the exhaust gas recirculation effect on the exhaust gas introduced into the flame. In addition, in the second flame forming step (S4), the flameless combustion reaction is difficult to distinguish with the naked eye.

When oxygen is injected from the oxygen nozzle unit 50 according to at least one of the first flame forming step S3 and the second flame forming step S4, between the primary fuel and the oxygen, the secondary fuel and the oxygen In between, hot exhaust gas generated inside the furnace enters the flame. As a result, a recycle zone R3 is formed at the portion where the exhaust gas flows into the flame. This phenomenon has an exhaust gas recirculation effect, which can drastically reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides. In particular, in the third embodiment of the present invention, since the exhaust gas generated in the heating furnace is not forcedly circulated, or the exhaust gas is not introduced into the flame or mixed with oxygen through a separate circulation device, the third embodiment of the present invention is used. The structural characteristics of the oxy-fuel combustor according to the embodiment can obtain the exhaust gas recirculation effect.

In the reaction between oxygen and fuel according to at least one of the first flame forming step S3 and the second flame forming step S4, the number and arrangement of oxygen nozzle units 50 are the first embodiment of the present invention. The furnace has the same function and effect as that of the second embodiment.

In addition, when fuel and oxygen are injected in at least one of the first flame forming step S3 and the second flame forming step S4, the central nozzle unit 40 is injected in front of the discharge head unit 10. The injection speed of the fuel may be limited to 50% or less of the injection speed of oxygen injected from the oxygen nozzle unit 50. This difference in fuel and oxygen injection rates can maximize the amount of hot exhaust gas entering the flame. In addition, when fuel and oxygen are injected in at least one of the first flame forming step S3 and the second flame forming step S4, the injection speed of oxygen injected from the oxygen nozzle unit 50 is 100 m / s. Can be limited to ~ 400 m / s. This injection rate limitation of oxygen can maximize the amount of hot exhaust gas entering the flame. If the injection speed of oxygen is lower than the limited range, the high-temperature exhaust gas inflow is reduced, the amount of nitrogen oxide generation may increase. In addition, when the injection speed of oxygen is lower than the limit range, the injection speed of the fuel is relatively increased, the flame reaction may not occur. In addition, when the injection speed of oxygen is higher than the limit range, the injection speed of the fuel is relatively reduced, the inflow amount of the exhaust gas may be increased and the flame reaction may not occur.

According to the oxyfuel combustor and the oxygen and fuel injection method described above, a wide combustion reaction zone can be formed through a unique oxygen injection structure and a unique oxygen injection method, and high-temperature exhaust gas can be introduced and recombusted. By lowering the adiabatic flame temperature, nitrogen oxides can be significantly reduced, and the material inside the furnace can be heated substantially uniformly. In addition, the size of the heating furnace used in the steelmaking process or steelmaking process can be minimized, and the size of the oxy-fuel combustor can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to facilitate the collision of fuel and oxygen, to maximize the flameless combustion effect due to the collision flame, and to stabilize the combustion reaction. In addition, when the temperature inside the furnace becomes higher than the auto ignition temperature T0 through high-speed oxygen flow and fuel flow, the collision of fuel and oxygen can be improved and the flameless combustion reaction can be easily implemented.

In addition, the coupling of the oxygen nozzle unit 50 is stabilized, and the fuel injected from the central nozzle unit 40 and the oxygen injected from the oxygen nozzle unit 50 can collide stably in front of the discharge head unit 10. It is possible to stably induce flame generation.

In addition, the collision point of oxygen and combustion is spaced apart in front of the discharge head unit 10, thereby protecting the discharge head unit 10, the central nozzle unit 40 and the oxygen nozzle unit 50 in a high temperature flame of oxygen. And it can be made to have a high durability, it can be made to have a high fuel saving effect by the use of oxygen. In addition, through the structure of the central nozzle unit 40 and the number and arrangement of the oxygen nozzle unit 50 to form a flat flame, or to form a general flame it is possible to adjust the length of the flame. In addition, it is not mandatory, it is possible to stably flow the hot exhaust gas into the flame without the need for a separate device, it is possible to adjust the amount of the hot exhaust gas flowing into the flame. In addition, it is possible to induce the multi-stage combustion of oxygen, to facilitate ignition and to maintain the flame, and to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides.

In addition, the correlation between the fuel and oxygen injection rates may maximize the effect of the entrainment for the inlet of the high temperature exhaust gas, and maximize the recycle effect of the exhaust gas in the flame.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings as described above, those skilled in the art can variously change the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. Can be modified or changed.

The present invention can be used to save fuel by using oxygen, and the flame length can be adjusted while forming a flat flame or a general flame which can uniformly heat the material in an industrial furnace used in a steelmaking process, a steelmaking process, or the like. It can be applied to oxyfuel combustor, which can be characterized by the injection method of oxygen and fuel.

Claims (20)

A discharge body coupled to the heating furnace to supply fuel and oxygen to the heating furnace, the discharge body being exposed to the inside of the heating furnace so that the fuel and oxygen are supplied, a central through portion penetrating the central portion of the discharge body, and the central portion Oxygen penetrating portion formed through the discharge body in a state spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction with respect to the imaginary circle centered on the through portion, and the coupling flange provided on the outer peripheral surface of the discharge body for coupling with the heating furnace A discharge head unit comprising; A central supply unit coupled to the central passage to supply at least fuel of fuel and primary oxygen to the heating furnace; An oxygen supply unit coupled to the oxygen passage to supply secondary oxygen to the heating furnace; A central nozzle unit coupled to the central supply unit or the central through part so as to be exposed from the central through part to the inside of the heating furnace, and at least one of the fuel and the primary oxygen supplied from the central supply unit is injected; And And an oxygen nozzle unit coupled to the oxygen supply unit or the oxygen passage so as to be exposed from the oxygen passage to the inside of the heating furnace, and to which secondary oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply unit is injected. The oxygen nozzle unit includes a receiving cone portion recessed to reduce the diameter from the inlet; And an inclined injection hole portion formed to be inclined from the accommodation cone portion toward the outlet so that the injection direction of the fuel and the secondary oxygen injection direction cross each other in front of the discharge head unit. The method of claim 1, And an inclined display portion provided at an outlet and indicating an inclined direction of the inclined injection hole portion. The method of claim 1, Oxygen fuel combustor, characterized in that the injection angle of the oxygen injected from the inclined injection hole portion made of 2.5 degrees or more and 30 degrees or less. The method of claim 1, The oxygen passing portion may include: a first oxygen passing portion formed to be spaced apart from each other along a circumferential direction with respect to a first virtual circle centered on the central passing portion; And a second oxygen passing portion formed to be spaced apart from each other along a circumferential direction with respect to a second virtual circle larger than the first virtual circle. The oxygen supply unit, the first oxygen supply unit is coupled to the first oxygen passage; And a second oxygen supply unit coupled to the second oxygen passing portion. The oxygen nozzle unit may include: a first oxygen nozzle unit coupled to the first oxygen supply unit or the first oxygen passage unit so as to be exposed from the first oxygen passage unit to the inside of the heating furnace; And a second oxygen nozzle unit coupled to the second oxygen supply unit or the second oxygen passage so as to be exposed from the second oxygen passage to the inside of the heating furnace. The method of claim 1, The amount of exhaust gas introduced into the flame is adjusted according to at least one of the injection interval of the secondary oxygen, the injection angle of the secondary oxygen, the point of impact of the fuel and the secondary oxygen. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The central supply unit, the first central supply for supplying any one of the fuel and the primary oxygen to the furnace, the first central supply pipe for transporting any one of the fuel and the primary oxygen supplied to the furnace unit; And coupled to the central passage to supply another one of fuel and primary oxygen to the heating furnace, wherein the other one of the fuel and the primary oxygen supplied to the heating furnace is transferred while the first central supply pipe is inserted. And a second central supply unit including a second central supply pipe. The central nozzle unit may include: a central nozzle unit coupled to the first central supply pipe and having a first injection port through which the fluid transferred from the first central supply pipe is injected; And a nozzle flange portion protruding from an outer circumferential surface of the central nozzle portion and coupled to the second central supply pipe, through which a second injection hole through which the fluid transferred from the second central supply pipe is injected is formed. burner. The method of claim 6, The second injection port, the oxy-fuel combustor characterized in that the injection direction of the fluid conveyed from the second central supply pipe is inclined through the nozzle flange portion so as to cross the injection direction of the fluid conveyed from the first central supply pipe. . The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The central supply unit includes: a first central supply unit for supplying primary fuel to the heating furnace, the first central supply pipe for transporting primary fuel supplied to the heating furnace; And a second central supply pipe coupled to the central passage to supply secondary fuel to the heating furnace, wherein the secondary fuel supplied to the heating furnace is transferred while the first central supply pipe is inserted. Including a central supply unit, The central nozzle unit may include: a central nozzle unit coupled to the first central supply pipe and having a first injection port through which the primary fuel to be transported from the first central supply pipe is injected; And a nozzle flange portion protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the central nozzle portion and coupled to the second central supply pipe, through which a second injection hole through which the secondary fuel transferred from the second central supply pipe is injected is formed. Oxy-fuel combustor. The method of claim 8, The second injection port, the oxygen fuel characterized in that the injection direction of the secondary fuel conveyed from the second central supply pipe inclined through the nozzle flange portion so as to cross the injection direction of the oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply unit. burner. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The oxygen fuel combustor, characterized in that two to four oxygen passages are spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction. A temperature measuring step of measuring an internal temperature of the heating furnace; A temperature comparison step of comparing an internal temperature of the heating furnace and a preset automatic ignition temperature measured through the temperature measuring step; A first flame forming step of injecting primary and secondary oxygen into fuel when the internal temperature of the heating furnace is smaller than a preset autoignition temperature according to the temperature comparison step; And And a second flame forming step of injecting only secondary oxygen into fuel when the internal temperature of the heating furnace is greater than or equal to a preset autoignition temperature according to the temperature comparing step. In the first flame forming step, the injection amount of the primary oxygen is 30% or less of the total oxygen injection amount, the injection amount of the secondary oxygen is 70% or more of the total oxygen injection amount, the injection method of oxygen and fuel. The method of claim 11, The first flame forming step, A fuel injection step of injecting fuel to the front of the discharge head unit through a central nozzle unit provided in the center of the discharge head unit; A rich injection step of injecting primary oxygen to the front of the discharge head unit through the central nozzle unit so as to cross the direction of injection of fuel at the front of the discharge head unit to form a fuel rich region; And Through the oxygen nozzle unit provided in the discharge head unit in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit to cross the injection direction of the fuel in the front of the discharge head unit to form an oxygen reaction zone in a portion farther than the fuel rich region. And a reaction spraying step of injecting secondary oxygen toward the front of the discharge head unit. The method of claim 12, The reaction spraying step may be spaced apart from the central nozzle unit so as to cross the injection direction of the fuel in front of the discharge head unit to form a first oxygen reaction zone at a portion farther than the fuel rich region. A first reaction spraying step of injecting secondary oxygen toward the front of the discharge head unit through a first oxygen nozzle unit; And a second oxygen provided in the discharge head unit in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit so as to cross the direction of injection of fuel in front of the discharge head unit to form a second oxygen reaction zone in a portion farther than the fuel rich region. A second reaction injection step of injecting secondary oxygen toward the front of the discharge head unit through a nozzle unit; At least one of, The first oxygen reaction zone is formed in a portion closer to the second oxygen reaction zone in front of the discharge head unit, and the first oxygen nozzle unit is closer to the central nozzle unit than the second oxygen nozzle unit. How to inject oxygen and fuel The method of claim 12, The second flame forming step includes the fuel injection step and the reaction injection step, except for the rich injection step of the first flame forming step, the injection method of oxygen and fuel. A temperature measuring step of measuring an internal temperature of the heating furnace; A temperature comparison step of comparing an internal temperature of the heating furnace and a preset automatic ignition temperature measured through the temperature measuring step; A first flame forming step of injecting at least one of a primary fuel and a secondary fuel into oxygen when the internal temperature of the heating furnace is smaller than a preset autoignition temperature according to the temperature comparing step; And And a second flame forming step of injecting at least one of a primary fuel and a secondary fuel into oxygen when the internal temperature of the heating furnace is equal to or greater than a preset autoignition temperature according to the temperature comparison step. In at least one of the first flame forming step and the second flame forming step, an oxygen reaction zone in which the primary fuel and oxygen reacts by intersecting the injection direction of the primary fuel and the injection direction of oxygen in front of the discharge head unit And an injection direction of secondary fuel and an injection direction of oxygen cross between the discharge head unit and the oxygen reaction zone to form at least one of two or more additional reaction zones in which the secondary fuel and oxygen react. How to inject oxygen and fuel The method of claim 15, In the first flame forming step, at least one of an oxygen reaction zone formed to cross the injection direction of the primary fuel and an additional reaction zone formed to cross the injection direction of the secondary fuel is formed in front of the discharge head unit. And a reaction spraying step of injecting oxygen toward the front of the discharge head unit through an oxygen nozzle unit provided in the discharge head unit in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit provided in the center of the discharge head unit. A first fuel injection step of injecting primary fuel into the oxygen reaction zone through the central nozzle unit; And a second fuel injection step of injecting secondary fuel into the additional reaction zone through the central nozzle unit. Oxygen and fuel injection method comprising at least one of. The method of claim 16, The reaction spraying step may include: a first oxygen nozzle provided at the discharge head unit in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit to cross the injection direction of the primary fuel in front of the discharge head unit to form a first oxygen reaction zone; A first reaction injection step of injecting oxygen through the unit toward the front of the discharge head unit; And the discharge through the second oxygen nozzle unit provided in the discharge head unit in a state spaced apart from the central nozzle unit so as to cross the injection direction of the primary fuel in front of the discharge head unit to form a second oxygen reaction zone. A second reaction injection step of injecting oxygen in front of the head unit; At least one of, The first oxygen reaction zone is formed in a portion closer to the second oxygen reaction zone in front of the discharge head unit, and the first oxygen nozzle unit is closer to the central nozzle unit than the second oxygen nozzle unit. How to inject oxygen and fuel The method of claim 16, The second flame forming step may include: a fuel control step of injecting primary fuel into the oxygen reaction zone or injecting secondary fuel into the additional reaction zone through the central nozzle unit; And an oxygen control step of injecting oxygen into at least one of the oxygen reaction zone or the additional reaction zone according to the fuel injected in the fuel control step. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 18, When fuel and oxygen are injected in at least one of the first flame forming step and the second flame forming step, the injection speed of the fuel injected from the central nozzle unit to the front of the discharge head unit is determined by the oxygen nozzle unit. An injection method of oxygen and fuel, characterized in that less than 50% of the injection rate of the injected oxygen. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 18, When fuel and oxygen are injected in at least one of the first flame forming step and the second flame forming step, the injection speed of oxygen injected from the oxygen nozzle unit is 100 m / s to 400 m / s. Injection method of oxygen and fuel.

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