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WO2018037175A1 - Front train of tricycle or delivery tricycle - Google Patents

Front train of tricycle or delivery tricycle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018037175A1
WO2018037175A1 PCT/FR2017/051969 FR2017051969W WO2018037175A1 WO 2018037175 A1 WO2018037175 A1 WO 2018037175A1 FR 2017051969 W FR2017051969 W FR 2017051969W WO 2018037175 A1 WO2018037175 A1 WO 2018037175A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rigid
central
pedal cycle
longitudinal
cycle according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FR2017/051969
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Marie BEUZEVAL
Christophe ISNARD
Loïc JOURNET
Bernard VILATE
Bastien LAFAY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Addbike
Original Assignee
Addbike
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Addbike filed Critical Addbike
Publication of WO2018037175A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018037175A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/08—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels with steering devices acting on two or more wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/02—Tricycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/10—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels with means for inwardly inclining the vehicle body on bends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K7/00—Freight- or passenger-carrying cycles
    • B62K7/02—Frames
    • B62K7/04—Frames having a carrying platform

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of pedal cycles. It relates in particular to a front train to transform a conventional cycle tricycle or scooter.
  • tricycles or scooters To gain stability, several three-wheeled vehicles (tricycles or scooters) have appeared, including including tilting front wheels for more maneuverability, as for example described in document FR2995255. They nevertheless have the disadvantage of being less suitable for leisure such as hiking, compared to bicycles, forcing the user to own a bicycle and a tricycle to meet all its needs.
  • An elegant solution is therefore to provide a system capable of transforming a conventional bicycle into an urban trike or tricycle, in a simple and fast manner.
  • the apparatus includes a frame member attached to the bottom portion (crankcase housing) of the existing bicycle, and a member attached to the fork in place of the original front wheel.
  • the device is steerable using handlebars and fork and is configured for cornering stability.
  • the aircraft includes a cargo transporter located at the front of the tricycle, allowing the load to be seen, while maintaining a stable center of gravity and also an ability to lean for cornering stability.
  • a disadvantage of this solution comes from the fact that the assembly remains complex, so inflexible in the case of multiple use in bicycle or tricycle.
  • EP1690782 discloses a trailer coupling to a bicycle.
  • Said trailer includes a first frame part, a frame coupler disposed on the first part and by means of which the first part of the frame can be rigidly coupled to the frame of the bicycle, a first wheel and a second wheel arranged parallel to one another. at the other, and which can be directed about a steering axis to guide the path, and a steering mechanism connected to the wheels, so that the path can be adjusted by means of the steering mechanism.
  • the steering mechanism includes a steering support adapted to be coupled to the free end of the front fork when the front wheel of the bicycle is removed.
  • EP2077223 relates to an improved fork for bicycles or the like intended for the transport of objects, which consists of:
  • each block being equipped with at least one wheel and an independent damping system
  • fastening elements intended for fixing at least one platform for transporting objects.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to propose a device that overcomes all or part of the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • An object of the invention is notably a front pedal cycle train, making it possible to transform a conventional bicycle into a tricycle or tricycle that is easy to handle, safe and offers driving comfort close to that of a bicycle.
  • the invention relates to a front train of a pedal cycle comprising two tilting front wheels, each linked to a rigid lateral body, the front axle comprising at least one longitudinal rigid body in rotating connection with a rigid body. central and with the two rigid lateral bodies.
  • the rigid longitudinal body is substantially horizontal and the rigid lateral bodies are substantially vertical, when the front axle is mounted on a cycle, in the rest position.
  • the front axle is remarkable in that it includes: Two rigid segments, each having a first end in a rotating connection with the central rigid body and a second end in a rotating connection with one of the rigid lateral bodies;
  • Fastening means for securing a transport module of a load on the longitudinal rigid body.
  • the two rigid segments are non-parallel to a substantially horizontal plane containing the rigid longitudinal body
  • the distance between the first ends of the rigid segments and the substantially horizontal plane containing the rigid longitudinal body is less than the distance between their second ends and said plane;
  • the longitudinal rigid body is located below a substantially horizontal plane comprising the axes of rotation of the front wheels;
  • the rigid longitudinal body is located above the two rigid segments;
  • Each of the first ends of the rigid segments establishes a rotating connection with the central rigid body at a different point, on either side of a central axis of the central rigid body;
  • each second end of the rigid segments and a lateral rigid body is deported in a substantially horizontal plane, in the direction of the central axis of the central rigid body;
  • the front gear of a pedal cycle comprises a return system of which a first part is integral with the central rigid body and a second part is integral with the rigid longitudinal body; • the return system is an adjustable stiffness spring;
  • the front axle of a pedal cycle comprises a damping system of which a first part is integral with the central rigid body and a second part is integral with the rigid longitudinal body;
  • the central rigid body is secured to a steering fork of said pedal cycle
  • At least two attachment zones make the rigid central body and the steering fork integral
  • Fixation zones on the rigid central body are adjustable in height to fit different sizes of fork or bicycle;
  • the central rigid body constitutes a steering fork of said pedal cycle
  • the fixing means comprise a support element provided with a plate and a backrest, the support element being integrally fixed on the longitudinal rigid body;
  • the front axle of a pedal cycle further comprises a module adapted to the transport of the load, fixed on the support element;
  • the module is a platform or a trolley or box for transporting children.
  • the front axle of a pedal cycle according to the invention makes it possible to limit the impact of the weight of the load on the steering fork, the load transport module being intended to be secured to the rigid longitudinal body and not directly on the the steering fork of the pedal cycle.
  • the configuration of the two rigid segments makes it possible to dissociate the amplitude of inclination of the wheels and the amplitude of inclination of the steering fork: the maneuverability of the tricycle can thus be adapted to the user and in certain cases, an increased space can be arranged between the wheels to maximize the volume for load transport.
  • the nose gear according to the invention also makes it possible to make the inclination of the inner wheel and the outer wheel asymmetrical in a bend; in particular, the inner wheel leans more than the outer wheel to better follow the turn.
  • the front axle according to the invention can facilitate the return to the central position of the steering fork after a tilting movement; in some modes of implementation, this is done through an adjustable return system.
  • the front axle according to the invention makes it possible to transform a bicycle into a trike or tricycle easily, by fixing itself in two fixing zones on the fork, after removal of the front wheel of the bicycle.
  • the central rigid body can be adapted to form the steering fork of the cycle.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b respectively show a front view and a back view, of a front train according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a front train in an inclined position, according to the invention
  • Figures 3a, 3b and 3c show front views and a perspective view of front trains according to the invention
  • Figures 4a and 4b show a perspective view and a back view in an inclined position of a front train according to the invention
  • Figures 5a and 5b respectively show a rear view of a front train according to the invention and a close view of the attachment areas of the front axle on a steering fork of a cycle;
  • FIGS. 6a and 6b show a perspective view respectively of a cycle comprising a front axle and of a cycle comprising a front axle equipped with a module for the transport of charge, in accordance with the invention, FIG. the relative movement of a steering fork and a module fixed on a front axle according to the invention;
  • Figures 8a, 8b, 8c show schematic views of a particular variant of a front train according to one invention.
  • Figure la shows a first embodiment of a front train 1 of a pedal cycle according to the invention.
  • the front gear 1 has two wheels 2,3; the axis of rotation of each of the wheels 2,3 is fixed to a lateral rigid body 7,8.
  • the distance between the substantially vertical plane of a wheel 2,3 and the substantially vertical plane of a lateral rigid body 7,8 will be between 3 cm and 8 cm, preferably this distance will be 6 cm.
  • the wheels may have a diameter of between 40 cm (16 '') and 75 cm (28 ''), preferably 50 cm (20 ''). They can be equipped with a braking system (not shown) on each of them, which can be selected from disk brake systems, skates or drums. Braking is distributed evenly over the two wheels 2,3, for example, by a system of cables and rudder or hydraulic braking.
  • the front axle 1 also comprises the two rigid lateral bodies 7,8 and at least one longitudinal rigid body 5.
  • Each lateral rigid body 7,8 establishes a rotating connection with one end of the rigid longitudinal body 5, which is substantially horizontal in the operating position, at rest, that is to say when the front axle is mounted on a pedal cycle, parking position for example.
  • the rigid lateral bodies 7,8 when they are substantially vertical in the operating position, at rest.
  • the front axle 1 also comprises a central rigid body 6 which is substantially vertical in the operating position (at rest).
  • the central rigid body 6 also establishes a rotating connection with the substantially horizontal longitudinal rigid body 5 at a central position thereof.
  • the front axle 1 further comprises two rigid segments 4a, 4b, each having a first end 4a ', 4b' in rotational connection with the central rigid body 6 and a second end 4a '', 4b '' in rotating connection with the one of the rigid lateral bodies 7,8, as illustrated in FIG.
  • the rotating connections between the various bodies are for example provided by pivot elements or ball joints of the type of guide bearings or ball bearings.
  • each wheel 2,3 is respectively connected to the two rigid lateral bodies 7,8 by an axis (along the x axis in the figures) allowing them a rotational movement.
  • the wheels 2,3 follow more or less the movement tilt: they therefore have the characteristic of being reclining.
  • each wheel may be provided with a fender (not shown) attached to each lateral rigid body 7,8.
  • the two rigid segments 4a, 4b are non-parallel to a substantially horizontal plane containing the longitudinal rigid body 5: it is the plane (x, y) in the figures.
  • This configuration is advantageous in that it makes it possible to differentiate the amplitude of inclination of the central rigid body 6 and the amplitude of inclination of the rigid lateral bodies, in other words wheels 2.3.
  • the distance (denoted by) between the first ends 4a ', 4b' and the substantially horizontal plane containing the longitudinal rigid body 5 is less than the distance (denoted by ) between the second ends 4a '', 4b '' and said plane.
  • this configuration makes it possible to limit the amplitude of inclination of the wheels 2, 3 with respect to the amplitude of inclination of the central rigid body 6 (which will be linked to the fork / handlebar assembly in situ operating on a cycle).
  • This makes it possible to adapt the handling of the tricycle by allowing it more or less responsiveness in the turns: the reactivity being all the greater as the wheels are inclined strongly with the steering fork.
  • it may be advantageous to reduce the reactivity of the tricycle in favor of greater stability, and therefore to have a distance of less than the distance of '(as illustrated in FIGS. and 2).
  • the rigid longitudinal body 5 is located below a substantially horizontal plane comprising the axes of rotation of the front wheels 2,3. This allows on the one hand to lower the center of gravity of the load which is intended to be fixed on the longitudinal rigid body 5, which improves the stability of the tricycle. This configuration also makes it possible to maximize in the vertical direction the space available for load transport.
  • the rigid longitudinal body 5 also comprises fastening means 9 for securing a transport module of a load.
  • the fastening means 9 may, for example, comprise two bent tubes, welded to the longitudinal rigid body 5, respectively in two lateral zones.
  • the fastening means 9 may comprise notches and clips or other mechanical devices capable of providing a solid and reliable attachment to the rigid longitudinal body 5.
  • the fastening means 9 also comprise a support element 9a constituted for example by a plate and a backrest, as illustrated in FIGS. 3b and 3c.
  • the support element 9a is integrally attached to the longitudinal rigid body 5, for example, at the two bent tubes.
  • the support member 9a forms a base for attaching specific modules or for assembling them.
  • the aforementioned rigid bodies and segments will be mainly composed of steel or aluminum.
  • the longitudinal rigid body 5 may have a length (along the axis x illustrated in the figures) of between 30 and 70 cm (or even 90 cm), a width (along the y axis) between 2 and 20 cm and a thickness (along the z axis) of between 1 and 5 cm; advantageously, it will respectively have dimensions of 52 cm, 5 cm and 2 cm.
  • the rigid lateral bodies 7,8 may have dimensions along the y and z axes, between 5 and 20 cm, and a dimension along the x axis of between 2 and 5 cm; advantageously, they will respectively have dimensions of 6 cm, 14 cm and 3 cm.
  • the central rigid body 6 is in rotating connection with the longitudinal rigid body 5, at the central part thereof, and extends in height (along the z axis) at the rear of the rigid longitudinal body 5.
  • the height extension of the central rigid body 6 may have dimensions along the x and z axes respectively between 8 and 15 cm and between 15 and 30 cm, and a dimension along the y axis between 1 and 4 cm; advantageously, it will respectively have dimensions of 10 cm, 30 cm and 3 cm.
  • the two rigid segments 4a, 4b, in a rotating connection with the central rigid body 6, are located, in a vertical direction, above and at the rear of the rigid longitudinal body 5 (as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3), or at the rear of the support member 9a, so as not to clutter the space provided for the transport of load.
  • This configuration of the two rigid segments 4a, 4b makes it possible to separate the amplitude of inclination of the wheels 2, 3 and the amplitude of inclination of the central rigid body 6.
  • the two rigid segments 4a, 4b, in a rotating connection with the central rigid body 6, are situated, in a vertical direction, below the rigid longitudinal body (FIGS. 8a, 8b, 8c).
  • the first ends 4a ', 4b' of the two rigid segments 4a, 4b do not establish a rotating connection at the same point with the central rigid body 6: each of the first ends 4a ', 4b' establishes a rotating connection at a different point, on either side of the central axis of the rigid central body 6.
  • each second end 4a '', 4b '' and a lateral rigid body 7,8 may optionally be deported in a substantially horizontal plane, in the direction of the central axis of the central rigid body 6.
  • the configuration according to this second variant is advantageous in that it makes it possible, in addition to separating the inclination of the central rigid body 6 from that of the wheels 2,3, to make the inclination of the wheels 2,3 asymmetrical.
  • the inclination of the wheel outside the turn will depend on the alignment of three points: the pivot (rotating connection) at the second end 4b '' the rigid segment 4b, the pivot at the first end 4b 'of the same segment 4b and the central pivot between the central rigid body 6 and the rigid longitudinal body 5.
  • the outer wheel 2 will lean all the less as the alignment of the three points is performed ( Figure 8b). When the alignment is exceeded, the outer wheel 2 begins to tilt in the opposite direction (Figure 8c).
  • the inner wheel 3 will tilt more than the outer wheel 2 in a turn.
  • the distance separating the two contact zones between the ground and each of the two wheels 2,3 does not remain constant. This configuration improves the turning radius of the tricycle. It is also favorable to better driving stability.
  • this second variant makes it possible to maintain the rigid longitudinal body 5 in a substantially horizontal position, even in bends requiring a steep inclination of the wheels 2, 3.
  • a retractable stand can be fixed on the central rigid body 6, so as to ensure better stability of the front axle 1 (integral or not with a pedal cycle) parking.
  • the front axle according to the invention may also comprise a return system 12, a first portion of which is integral with the central rigid body 6 and a second portion is integral with the rigid longitudinal body 5, illustrated in Figures 4a and 4b.
  • the return system 12 is formed of a spring, a first end of which may be fixed to the central rigid body 6 (or to an additional arm 6 'integral with the central rigid body 6), and a second end of which may be fixed on the support element 9a, itself secured to the rigid longitudinal body 5.
  • the stiffness of the spring can be adjusted according to the desired return force between the central rigid body 6 (integral with the steering fork) and the rigid longitudinal body 5.
  • the fixing height position of each of the ends of the spring respectively on the central rigid body 6 and on the support member 9a or the rigid longitudinal body 5 may also make it possible to adjust the restoring force of the system 12.
  • the return system 12 helps to dampen the tilting movements of the central rigid body 6 (intended to be fixed on the fork of the tricycle) and to restore the central rigid body 6 in the central position.
  • the front axle according to the invention may also or alternatively comprise a system of dampers, for example with dry friction or conventional, intended in particular to dampen the inclination movements transmitted from the fork to the wheels.
  • the front train 1 according to the first embodiment can be fixed on a pedal cycle, for example on a conventional bicycle, and thus turn it into a tricycle. It is first necessary to remove the front wheel of the bicycle that you want to transform, and disconnect the front brake cables.
  • the central rigid body 6 which is secured with the steering fork 30, in two attachment zones 20 and 21 ( Figures 5a and 5b).
  • the first attachment zone 20 is formed at the two legs of the steering fork 30 and a housing 10 arranged in the central rigid body 6: an axle slid into the notches of the legs of the fork and the housing 10 and blocked by screwing elements ensures the connection between the fork 30 and the central rigid body 6.
  • the central rigid body 6 may have several housings 10, at different heights, allowing the front train 1 to be fixed on multiple sizes fork or bicycle.
  • the second attachment zone 21 is located above the first attachment zone 20 (along the z axis).
  • the central rigid body 6 may advantageously comprise an additional arm 6 'for extending the central rigid body 6 upwards.
  • This additional arm 6 ' will preferably be adjustable in height.
  • the central rigid body 6 can be developed in a single block including the arm 6 '.
  • the second fastening zone 21 is formed at the level of the two sleeves of the steering fork 30 and of the additional arm 6 'by a universal fastening element 11.
  • This element 11 may for example consist of a system of jaws 110, clamped on the sleeves of the fork 30 by a through rod 111.
  • the element 11 may consist of a plate with through notches for screwing the element 11 in place of said brakes.
  • the fixing element 11 may advantageously be fixed on the additional arm 6 '.
  • the front axle 1 according to the first embodiment of the invention is integral with the fork 30 of the cycle in at least three points. support, to ensure their solidarity in a plan.
  • the tricycle comprising the front axle 1 according to the invention has a weakly negative chase.
  • the hunt is the distance between a first point of intersection between the ground plane and a virtual line passing through the axis of the steering fork 30, and a second point of intersection between the ground plane and a vertical line. passing through the center of the wheel. The hunt is considered positive when the second point is behind the first point, in the direction of the march.
  • the front train 1 thus makes it possible to transform a bicycle into a tricycle in a simple and fast manner (FIG. 6a).
  • the steering fork 30 is integral with the central rigid body 6, the rotational and inclined movements thereof are transmitted to the two front wheels 2, 3 via the articulated mechanism formed by the bodies 5, 6, 7 , 8 and rigid segments 4a, 4b.
  • the return system 12 helps dampen these movements and restores the fork 30 in the central position, thus ensuring a more flexible and comfortable to the user.
  • the central rigid body 6 of the front axle 1 has a shape adapted to form directly the fork or the steering column of a cycle.
  • the front train 1 according to this second embodiment can then be incorporated in a cycle structure (frame, pedal, rear wheel, handlebar, ...) for the manufacture of a tricycle.
  • the front train 1 comprises, as in the first embodiment, the two 2,3 wheels, the articulated mechanism formed by the bodies 5,6,7,8 and rigid segments 4a, 4b, and whose rigid longitudinal body 5 comprises fastening means 9 for securing a charge transport module. It may further comprise the return system 12, or even a damper system.
  • the central rigid body 6 directly constituting the fork 30, the attachment zones 20 and 21 are not present.
  • the front gear 1 further comprises a load transport module 15, as shown in FIG. 6b.
  • the tricycle equipped with the front train 1 according to the invention can thus be transformed into a scooter.
  • the module 15 is secured to the front axle 1, on the fastening elements 9, 9a arranged on the rigid longitudinal body 5.
  • the module 15 may consist of a carriage, shown in Figure 6b, particularly suitable for transporting races, clothes or other miscellaneous objects.
  • the module may also consist of a box, for example arranged to carry one or two children.
  • modules can also be configured for independent use of the front train 1 scooter; for example, the carriage and the box may be provided with wheels and gripping means allowing the user to pull or push when separated from the front axle 1.
  • the module 15 Since the module 15 is only fixed on the longitudinal rigid body 5, it does not follow the axis of the fork 30 during inclination movements thereof (corresponding to a rotation along the y axis). As illustrated in FIG. 7, the center of gravity of the module (symbolized by G2 in FIG. 7) follows the movement of the rigid longitudinal body 5: it undergoes a slight inclination relative to the axis perpendicular to the rigid longitudinal body 5, in the opposite direction to the inclination of the steering fork 30. This kinematics is particularly advantageous to ensure good driving comfort for the user of the scooter, especially in the case of transporting heavy loads.
  • the front axle 1 Due to this kinematics and the configuration of the rigid segments, and advantageously thanks to the return system 12, the front axle 1 according to the invention provides maneuverability and driving comfort very close to a bicycle, with in addition the stability and a transport capacity close to a scooter.
  • the front gear 1 of a pedal cycle according to the invention can find multiple uses such as:
  • the front train 1 can be used as a rear train, in a scooter cycle configuration comprising two wheels at the rear and a wheel at the front.
  • the variants relating to the tilting mechanism of the wheels (all the rigid bodies in a rotating connection) described for the two preceding embodiments apply.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a front train (1) of a pedal cycle comprising two front wheels (2, 3) which can be inclined, each one being connected to a lateral rigid member (7, 8), the front train (1) comprising at least one longitudinal rigid member (5) which is rotatably connected to a central rigid member (6) and to the two lateral rigid members (7, 8); the front train (1) being characterised in that it comprises: • two rigid segments (4a, 4b), each one having a first end which is rotatably connected to the central rigid member (6) and a second end which is rotatably connected to one of the lateral rigid members (7, 8); • fixing means (9) which are intended to fixedly join a transport module for a load to the longitudinal rigid member (5).

Description

TRAIN AVANT DE TRICYLE OU DE TRIPORTEUR  FRONT TRICYL OR TRIPORATOR TRAIN

DOMAINE DE L' INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention concerne le domaine des cycles à pédales. Elle concerne en particulier un train avant permettant de transformer un cycle classique en tricycle ou triporteur . The present invention relates to the field of pedal cycles. It relates in particular to a front train to transform a conventional cycle tricycle or scooter.

ARRIERE PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUE DE L' INVENTION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Aujourd'hui, avec l'augmentation de la pollution urbaine, de nombreux individus ont fait le choix ou projettent d'utiliser plus largement leur bicyclette pour leurs différents déplacements urbains ou péri-urbain : se rendre au travail, faire des déplacements professionnels par exemple de livraison, se déplacer à l'intérieur d'un site industriel étendu, amener les enfants à l'école, aller faire les courses, faire des randonnées... Malgré de nombreuses solutions consistant en de petites remorques à fixer à l'arrière du vélo, des paniers à fixer sur le guidon ou le porte-bagage, les bicycles conventionnels ne constituent pas des véhicules suffisamment pratiques, sûrs et maniables pour le transport d'enfants ou de marchandises, pour remplacer efficacement la voiture dans la vie quotidienne. Today, with the increase in urban pollution, many individuals have made the choice or plan to use their bicycle more widely for their different urban or suburban journeys: to go to work, to make business trips, for example of delivery, moving inside an extensive industrial site, taking children to school, going shopping, hiking ... Despite many solutions consisting of small trailers to attach to the back Bicycles, baskets to attach to the handlebars or luggage racks, conventional bicycles are not sufficiently practical, safe and manageable vehicles for the transport of children or goods, to effectively replace the car in everyday life.

Pour gagner en stabilité, plusieurs véhicules à trois roues (tricycles ou triporteurs) ont fait leur apparition, comportant notamment des roues avant inclinables pour plus de maniabilité, comme par exemple décrit dans le document FR2995255. Ils présentent néanmoins l'inconvénient d'être moins adaptés aux loisirs tels que les randonnées, comparés aux bicycles, obligeant ainsi l'utilisateur à posséder un bicycle et un tricycle pour répondre à l'ensemble de ses besoins . Une solution élégante est donc de procurer un système capable de transformer un bicycle conventionnel en tricycle ou triporteur urbain, de manière simple et rapide. To gain stability, several three-wheeled vehicles (tricycles or scooters) have appeared, including including tilting front wheels for more maneuverability, as for example described in document FR2995255. They nevertheless have the disadvantage of being less suitable for leisure such as hiking, compared to bicycles, forcing the user to own a bicycle and a tricycle to meet all its needs. An elegant solution is therefore to provide a system capable of transforming a conventional bicycle into an urban trike or tricycle, in a simple and fast manner.

Le document US20140091551 propose un système pour rendre les bicycles plus utilitaires et fonctionnels. L'appareil comprend un élément de cadre fixé à la partie inférieure (boîtier du pédalier) de la bicyclette existante, et un élément fixé à la fourche, à la place de la roue avant d'origine. L'appareil est orientable en utilisant le guidon et la fourche et est configuré pour la stabilité dans les virages. L'appareil comprend un transporteur de fret situé à l'avant du tricycle, permettant de voir le chargement, tout en maintenant un centre de gravité stable et aussi une capacité à se pencher pour la stabilité en virage. Un inconvénient de cette solution vient du fait que le montage reste complexe, donc peu flexible dans le cas d'utilisation multiples en bicycle ou en tricycle.  Document US20140091551 proposes a system for making bicycles more utilitarian and functional. The apparatus includes a frame member attached to the bottom portion (crankcase housing) of the existing bicycle, and a member attached to the fork in place of the original front wheel. The device is steerable using handlebars and fork and is configured for cornering stability. The aircraft includes a cargo transporter located at the front of the tricycle, allowing the load to be seen, while maintaining a stable center of gravity and also an ability to lean for cornering stability. A disadvantage of this solution comes from the fact that the assembly remains complex, so inflexible in the case of multiple use in bicycle or tricycle.

Le document EP1690782 divulgue une remorque s 'accouplant à un bicycle. Ladite remorque inclut une première partie de cadre, un coupleur du cadre disposé sur la première partie et au moyen duquel la première partie du cadre peut être couplée rigidement au cadre du vélo, une première roue et une seconde roue disposées parallèlement l'une par rapport à l'autre, et qui peuvent être dirigées autour d'un axe de direction afin d'orienter la trajectoire, et un mécanisme de direction relié aux roues, de sorte que la trajectoire puisse être ajustée au moyen du mécanisme de direction. Le mécanisme de direction inclut un support de direction adapté pour être couplé à l'extrémité libre de la fourche avant quand la roue avant du vélo est retirée. Les axes de direction de la première roue et de la seconde roue sont déplacés dans la direction longitudinale de la remorque de vélo par rapport à l'axe de direction du vélo quand la remorque est couplée au vélo. Cette solution assure une très bonne stabilité mais présente un manque de maniabilité du guidon pour l'utilisateur, compte tenu de l'absence d'inclinaison des roues avant par rapport au sol. De plus, elle n'est pas adaptable sur toutes les bicyclettes classiques. Le document EP2077223 concerne une fourche améliorée pour bicyclettes ou analogues, destinée au transport d'objets, qui consiste en : EP1690782 discloses a trailer coupling to a bicycle. Said trailer includes a first frame part, a frame coupler disposed on the first part and by means of which the first part of the frame can be rigidly coupled to the frame of the bicycle, a first wheel and a second wheel arranged parallel to one another. at the other, and which can be directed about a steering axis to guide the path, and a steering mechanism connected to the wheels, so that the path can be adjusted by means of the steering mechanism. The steering mechanism includes a steering support adapted to be coupled to the free end of the front fork when the front wheel of the bicycle is removed. The steering axes of the first wheel and the second wheel are moved in the longitudinal direction of the bicycle trailer with respect to the steering axis of the bicycle when the trailer is coupled to the bicycle. This solution provides a very good stability but has a lack of maneuverability of the handlebar for the user, given the lack of inclination of the front wheels relative to the ground. In addition, it is not adaptable on all conventional bicycles. EP2077223 relates to an improved fork for bicycles or the like intended for the transport of objects, which consists of:

- une fourche supérieure, laquelle est fixée au niveau de sa partie inférieure à un corps de trapèze,  - an upper fork, which is fixed at its lower part to a trapezoid body,

- deux blocs placés de chaque coté de ce corps et articulés sur ce trapèze, chaque bloc étant équipé d'au moins une roue et d'un système d'amortissement indépendant,  two blocks placed on each side of this body and articulated on this trapezium, each block being equipped with at least one wheel and an independent damping system,

- des éléments de fixation destinés à la fixation d'au moins une plateforme pour le transport d'objets.  fastening elements intended for fixing at least one platform for transporting objects.

L' inconvénient principal de cette solution vient du fait que la plateforme pour le transport d'objet est fixée sur la fourche : une charge importante aura ainsi tendance à impacter la maniabilité du guidon et sera inconfortable pour l'utilisateur.  The main drawback of this solution comes from the fact that the platform for the transport of object is fixed on the fork: a heavy load will thus tend to impact the handling of the handlebars and will be uncomfortable for the user.

OBJET DE L' INVENTION Un objet de l'invention est donc de proposer un dispositif remédiant à tout ou partie des inconvénients de l'art antérieur. Un objet de l'invention est notamment un train avant de cycle à pédales, permettant de transformer un bicycle classique en tricycle ou triporteur maniable, sûr et offrant un confort de conduite proche de celui d'un bicycle. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION An object of the invention is therefore to propose a device that overcomes all or part of the disadvantages of the prior art. An object of the invention is notably a front pedal cycle train, making it possible to transform a conventional bicycle into a tricycle or tricycle that is easy to handle, safe and offers driving comfort close to that of a bicycle.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DE L' INVENTION L'invention concerne un train avant d'un cycle à pédales comprenant deux roues avant inclinables, chacune liée à un corps rigide latéral, le train avant comportant au moins un corps rigide longitudinal en liaison tournante avec un corps rigide central et avec les deux corps rigides latéraux. Le corps rigide longitudinal est sensiblement horizontal et les corps rigides latéraux sont sensiblement verticaux, lorsque le train avant est monté sur un cycle, en position de repos. Le train avant est remarquable en ce qu'il comprend : • deux segments rigides, chacun présentant une première extrémité en liaison tournante avec le corps rigide central et une deuxième extrémité en liaison tournante avec l'un des corps rigides latéraux ; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a front train of a pedal cycle comprising two tilting front wheels, each linked to a rigid lateral body, the front axle comprising at least one longitudinal rigid body in rotating connection with a rigid body. central and with the two rigid lateral bodies. The rigid longitudinal body is substantially horizontal and the rigid lateral bodies are substantially vertical, when the front axle is mounted on a cycle, in the rest position. The front axle is remarkable in that it includes: Two rigid segments, each having a first end in a rotating connection with the central rigid body and a second end in a rotating connection with one of the rigid lateral bodies;

· des moyens de fixation destinés à solidariser un module de transport d'une charge sur le corps rigide longitudinal .  Fastening means for securing a transport module of a load on the longitudinal rigid body.

Selon des caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, prises seules ou en combinaison : According to advantageous features of the invention, taken alone or in combination:

• les deux segments rigides sont non parallèles à un plan sensiblement horizontal contenant le corps rigide longitudinal ;  The two rigid segments are non-parallel to a substantially horizontal plane containing the rigid longitudinal body;

· la distance entre les premières extrémités des segments rigides et le plan sensiblement horizontal contenant le corps rigide longitudinal est inférieure à la distance entre leurs deuxièmes extrémités et ledit plan ;  The distance between the first ends of the rigid segments and the substantially horizontal plane containing the rigid longitudinal body is less than the distance between their second ends and said plane;

• le corps rigide longitudinal est situé en-dessous d'un plan sensiblement horizontal comprenant les axes de rotation des roues avant ;  • the longitudinal rigid body is located below a substantially horizontal plane comprising the axes of rotation of the front wheels;

• selon un axe vertical, le corps rigide longitudinal est situé en-dessous des deux segments rigides ;  • along a vertical axis, the longitudinal rigid body is located below the two rigid segments;

• selon un axe vertical, le corps rigide longitudinal est situé au-dessus des deux segments rigides ;  • along a vertical axis, the rigid longitudinal body is located above the two rigid segments;

• chacune des premières extrémités des segments rigides établit une liaison tournante avec le corps rigide central en un point différent, de part et d'autre d'un axe médian du corps rigide central ;  Each of the first ends of the rigid segments establishes a rotating connection with the central rigid body at a different point, on either side of a central axis of the central rigid body;

· la liaison tournante entre chaque deuxième extrémité des segments rigides et un corps rigide latéral est déportée dans un plan sensiblement horizontal, en direction de l'axe médian du corps rigide central ;  The rotating connection between each second end of the rigid segments and a lateral rigid body is deported in a substantially horizontal plane, in the direction of the central axis of the central rigid body;

• le train avant d'un cycle à pédales comprend un système de rappel dont une première partie est solidaire du corps rigide central et une deuxième partie est solidaire du corps rigide longitudinal ; • le système de rappel est un ressort de raideur ajustable ; The front gear of a pedal cycle comprises a return system of which a first part is integral with the central rigid body and a second part is integral with the rigid longitudinal body; • the return system is an adjustable stiffness spring;

• le train avant d'un cycle à pédales comprend un système amortisseur dont une première partie est solidaire du corps rigide central et une deuxième partie est solidaire du corps rigide longitudinal ;  The front axle of a pedal cycle comprises a damping system of which a first part is integral with the central rigid body and a second part is integral with the rigid longitudinal body;

• le corps rigide central est solidaire d'une fourche de direction dudit cycle à pédales ;  The central rigid body is secured to a steering fork of said pedal cycle;

• au moins deux zones de fixation rendent solidaires le corps rigide central et la fourche de direction ;  At least two attachment zones make the rigid central body and the steering fork integral;

• les zones de fixation sur le corps rigide central sont ajustables en hauteur pour s'adapter à différentes tailles de fourche ou de bicyclette ;  • Fixation zones on the rigid central body are adjustable in height to fit different sizes of fork or bicycle;

• le corps rigide central constitue une fourche de direction dudit cycle à pédales ;  The central rigid body constitutes a steering fork of said pedal cycle;

• les moyens de fixation comprennent un élément support muni d'un plateau et d'un dossier, l'élément support étant solidairement fixé sur le corps rigide longitudinal ;  The fixing means comprise a support element provided with a plate and a backrest, the support element being integrally fixed on the longitudinal rigid body;

· le train avant d'un cycle à pédales comprend en outre un module adapté au transport de la charge, fixé sur l'élément support ;  The front axle of a pedal cycle further comprises a module adapted to the transport of the load, fixed on the support element;

• le module est une plateforme ou un chariot ou un caisson pour le transport d'enfants.  • the module is a platform or a trolley or box for transporting children.

Le train avant d'un cycle à pédales selon l'invention permet de limiter l'impact du poids de la charge sur la fourche de direction, le module de transport de charge étant destiné à être solidarisé sur le corps rigide longitudinal et non directement sur la fourche de direction du cycle à pédales.The front axle of a pedal cycle according to the invention makes it possible to limit the impact of the weight of the load on the steering fork, the load transport module being intended to be secured to the rigid longitudinal body and not directly on the the steering fork of the pedal cycle.

La configuration des deux segments rigides permet de dissocier l'amplitude d'inclinaison des roues et l'amplitude d' inclinaison de la fourche de direction : la maniabilité du tricycle peut ainsi être adaptée à l'utilisateur et dans certain cas, un espace accru peut être ménagé entre les roues pour maximiser le volume pour le transport de charge. Dans certains modes de mise en œuvre, le train avant selon l'invention permet également de rendre dissymétrique l'inclinaison de la roue intérieure et de la roue extérieure dans un virage ; en particulier, la roue intérieure se penche plus que la roue extérieure pour mieux suivre le virage. The configuration of the two rigid segments makes it possible to dissociate the amplitude of inclination of the wheels and the amplitude of inclination of the steering fork: the maneuverability of the tricycle can thus be adapted to the user and in certain cases, an increased space can be arranged between the wheels to maximize the volume for load transport. In certain embodiments, the nose gear according to the invention also makes it possible to make the inclination of the inner wheel and the outer wheel asymmetrical in a bend; in particular, the inner wheel leans more than the outer wheel to better follow the turn.

De plus, le train avant selon l'invention peut faciliter le retour en position centrale de la fourche de direction après un mouvement d' inclinaison ; dans certains modes de mise en œuvre, cela s'opère grâce à un système de rappel réglable. In addition, the front axle according to the invention can facilitate the return to the central position of the steering fork after a tilting movement; in some modes of implementation, this is done through an adjustable return system.

Le train avant selon l'invention permet de transformer un bicycle en tricycle ou en triporteur facilement, en se fixant en deux zones de fixations sur la fourche, après retrait de la roue avant du bicycle. The front axle according to the invention makes it possible to transform a bicycle into a trike or tricycle easily, by fixing itself in two fixing zones on the fork, after removal of the front wheel of the bicycle.

Il peut également former le train avant d'un tricycle ou triporteur non transformable, le corps rigide central pouvant être adapté pour constituer la fourche de direction du cycle. It can also form the front train of a nontransformable trike or tricycle, the central rigid body can be adapted to form the steering fork of the cycle.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée de l'invention qui va suivre en référence aux figures annexées sur lesquelles : les figures la et lb présentent respectivement une vue de face et une vue de dos, d'un train avant conforme à l'invention ; Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the detailed description of the invention which will follow with reference to the appended figures in which: FIGS. 1a and 1b respectively show a front view and a back view, of a front train according to the invention;

la figure 2 présente une vue schématique d'un train avant en position inclinée, conforme à l'invention ; les figures 3a, 3b et 3c présentent des vues de face et une vue en perspective de trains avant conformes à l'invention ;  Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a front train in an inclined position, according to the invention; Figures 3a, 3b and 3c show front views and a perspective view of front trains according to the invention;

les figures 4a et 4b présentent une vue en perspective et une vue de dos en position inclinée, d'un train avant conforme à l'invention ; les figures 5a et 5b présentent respectivement une vue de dos d'un train avant conforme à l'invention et une vue rapprochée des zones de fixation du train avant sur une fourche de direction d'un cycle ; Figures 4a and 4b show a perspective view and a back view in an inclined position of a front train according to the invention; Figures 5a and 5b respectively show a rear view of a front train according to the invention and a close view of the attachment areas of the front axle on a steering fork of a cycle;

- les figures 6a et 6b présentent une vue en perspective respectivement d'un cycle comprenant un train avant et d'un cycle comprenant un train avant muni d'un module pour le transport de charge, conformes à l'invention, la figure 7 présente le mouvement relatif d'une fourche de direction et d'un module fixés sur un train avant conforme l'invention ;  FIGS. 6a and 6b show a perspective view respectively of a cycle comprising a front axle and of a cycle comprising a front axle equipped with a module for the transport of charge, in accordance with the invention, FIG. the relative movement of a steering fork and a module fixed on a front axle according to the invention;

les figures 8a, 8b, 8c présentent des vues schématiques d'une variante particulière d'un train avant conforme à 1 ' invention .  Figures 8a, 8b, 8c show schematic views of a particular variant of a front train according to one invention.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L' INVENTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Dans la présente description, nous considérerons que le train avant 1 se trouve dans une position identique à celle qu'il aurait après fixation sur un bicycle, et ce dans un souci de simplification de sa description dans l'espace. Les termes supérieur, inférieur, avant, arrière, face, dos,... devront donc être interprétés dans ce contexte. La figure la représente un premier mode de réalisation d'un train avant 1 d'un cycle à pédales selon l'invention. In the present description, we will consider that the front gear 1 is in a position identical to that it would after fixing on a bicycle, and this for the sake of simplification of its description in space. The terms upper, lower, front, back, front, back, ... will have to be interpreted in this context. Figure la shows a first embodiment of a front train 1 of a pedal cycle according to the invention.

Le train avant 1 comporte deux roues 2,3 ; l'axe de rotation de chacune des roues 2,3 est fixé à un corps rigide latéral 7,8. Avantageusement, la distance entre le plan sensiblement vertical d'une roue 2,3 et le plan sensiblement vertical d'un corps rigide latéral 7,8 sera comprise entre 3cm et 8cm, préférentiellement cette distance sera de 6cm.  The front gear 1 has two wheels 2,3; the axis of rotation of each of the wheels 2,3 is fixed to a lateral rigid body 7,8. Advantageously, the distance between the substantially vertical plane of a wheel 2,3 and the substantially vertical plane of a lateral rigid body 7,8 will be between 3 cm and 8 cm, preferably this distance will be 6 cm.

A titre d'exemple, les roues pourront avoir un diamètre compris entre 40 cm (16'') et 75 cm (28''), de préférence 50 cm (20'') . Elles peuvent être équipées d'un système de freinage (non représenté) sur chacune d'elles, pouvant être choisi parmi des systèmes de freins à disques, à patins ou à tambours. Le freinage est réparti de manière homogène sur les deux roues 2,3, par exemple, par un système de câbles et palonnier ou de freinage hydraulique. For example, the wheels may have a diameter of between 40 cm (16 '') and 75 cm (28 ''), preferably 50 cm (20 ''). They can be equipped with a braking system (not shown) on each of them, which can be selected from disk brake systems, skates or drums. Braking is distributed evenly over the two wheels 2,3, for example, by a system of cables and rudder or hydraulic braking.

Le train avant 1 comprend également les deux corps rigides latéraux 7,8 ainsi qu'au moins un corps rigide longitudinal 5. Chaque corps rigide latéral 7,8 établit une liaison tournante avec une extrémité du corps rigide longitudinal 5, lequel se trouve sensiblement horizontal en position de fonctionnement, au repos, c'est-à-dire lorsque le train avant est monté sur un cycle à pédales, en position de stationnement par exemple. Les corps rigides latéraux 7,8 quant eux se trouvent sensiblement verticaux en position de fonctionnement, au repos. The front axle 1 also comprises the two rigid lateral bodies 7,8 and at least one longitudinal rigid body 5. Each lateral rigid body 7,8 establishes a rotating connection with one end of the rigid longitudinal body 5, which is substantially horizontal in the operating position, at rest, that is to say when the front axle is mounted on a pedal cycle, parking position for example. The rigid lateral bodies 7,8 when they are substantially vertical in the operating position, at rest.

Le train avant 1 comprend également un corps rigide central 6 qui se trouve sensiblement vertical en position de fonctionnement (au repos) . Le corps rigide central 6 établit lui aussi une liaison tournante avec le corps rigide longitudinal sensiblement horizontal 5, en une position centrale de ce dernier. The front axle 1 also comprises a central rigid body 6 which is substantially vertical in the operating position (at rest). The central rigid body 6 also establishes a rotating connection with the substantially horizontal longitudinal rigid body 5 at a central position thereof.

Le train avant 1 comprend en outre deux segments rigides 4a, 4b, chacun présentant une première extrémité 4a' , 4b' en liaison tournante avec le corps rigide central 6 et une deuxième extrémité 4a' ' , 4b' ' en liaison tournante avec l'un des corps rigides latéraux 7,8, comme illustré sur la figure lb. The front axle 1 further comprises two rigid segments 4a, 4b, each having a first end 4a ', 4b' in rotational connection with the central rigid body 6 and a second end 4a '', 4b '' in rotating connection with the one of the rigid lateral bodies 7,8, as illustrated in FIG.

Les liaisons tournantes entre les différents corps sont par exemple assurées par des éléments pivots ou rotules de type paliers de guidage ou roulements à billes.  The rotating connections between the various bodies are for example provided by pivot elements or ball joints of the type of guide bearings or ball bearings.

Cette configuration de liaisons tournantes entre les différents corps (formant un mécanisme articulé) permet de transmettre un mouvement d' inclinaison du corps rigide central 6 aux corps rigides latéraux 7,8. Les deux roues 2,3 sont liées respectivement aux deux corps rigides latéraux 7,8 par un axe (selon l'axe x sur les figures) leur autorisant un mouvement de rotation. Lors de l'inclinaison des corps rigides latéraux 7,8, les roues 2,3 suivent plus ou moins le mouvement d' inclinaison : elles présentent donc la caractéristique d'être inclinables. Optionnellement , chaque roue peut être munie d'un garde-boue (non représenté), fixé sur chaque corps rigide latéral 7,8. This configuration of rotating connections between the different bodies (forming an articulated mechanism) makes it possible to transmit a tilting movement of the central rigid body 6 to the rigid lateral bodies 7, 8. The two wheels 2,3 are respectively connected to the two rigid lateral bodies 7,8 by an axis (along the x axis in the figures) allowing them a rotational movement. During the inclination of the rigid lateral bodies 7,8, the wheels 2,3 follow more or less the movement tilt: they therefore have the characteristic of being reclining. Optionally, each wheel may be provided with a fender (not shown) attached to each lateral rigid body 7,8.

Avantageusement, les deux segments rigides 4a, 4b sont non parallèles à un plan sensiblement horizontal contenant le corps rigide longitudinal 5 : c'est le plan (x,y) sur les figures. Cette configuration est avantageuse en ce qu'elle permet de différencier l'amplitude d'inclinaison du corps rigide central 6 et l'amplitude d'inclinaison des corps rigides latéraux, autrement dit des roues 2,3. Advantageously, the two rigid segments 4a, 4b are non-parallel to a substantially horizontal plane containing the longitudinal rigid body 5: it is the plane (x, y) in the figures. This configuration is advantageous in that it makes it possible to differentiate the amplitude of inclination of the central rigid body 6 and the amplitude of inclination of the rigid lateral bodies, in other words wheels 2.3.

Par exemple, il apparaît sur la figure lb notamment, que la distance (notée d' ) entre les premières extrémités 4a' , 4b' et le plan sensiblement horizontal contenant le corps rigide longitudinal 5, est inférieure à la distance (notée d' ' ) entre les deuxièmes extrémités 4a' ' , 4b' ' et ledit plan.  For example, it appears in FIG. 1b in particular that the distance (denoted by) between the first ends 4a ', 4b' and the substantially horizontal plane containing the longitudinal rigid body 5 is less than the distance (denoted by ) between the second ends 4a '', 4b '' and said plane.

Comme illustré sur la figure 2, cette configuration permet de limiter l'amplitude d'inclinaison des roues 2,3 par rapport à l'amplitude d'inclinaison du corps rigide central 6 (qui sera lié à l'ensemble fourche / guidon en situation de fonctionnement sur un cycle) . Cela permet d'adapter la maniabilité du tricycle en lui autorisant plus ou moins de réactivité dans les virages : la réactivité étant d' autant plus grande que les roues s'inclinent fortement avec la fourche de direction. Dans de nombreux cas d'utilisation, il pourra être intéressant de réduire la réactivité du tricycle en faveur d'une plus grande stabilité, et donc d'avoir une distance d' inférieure à la distance d' ' (comme illustré sur les figures lb et 2) . Dans un tel cas de figure, un espace accru entre les roues 2,3 est également obtenu, du fait de la plus faible inclinaison de ces dernières, ce qui permet de maximiser le volume pour le transport de charge. Avantageusement, le corps rigide longitudinal 5 est situé en-dessous d'un plan sensiblement horizontal comprenant les axes de rotation des roues avant 2,3. Cela permet d'une part d'abaisser le centre de gravité de la charge qui est destinée à être fixée sur le corps rigide longitudinal 5, ce qui améliore la stabilité du tricycle. Cette configuration permet également de maximiser dans la direction verticale, l'espace disponible pour le transport de charge. As illustrated in FIG. 2, this configuration makes it possible to limit the amplitude of inclination of the wheels 2, 3 with respect to the amplitude of inclination of the central rigid body 6 (which will be linked to the fork / handlebar assembly in situ operating on a cycle). This makes it possible to adapt the handling of the tricycle by allowing it more or less responsiveness in the turns: the reactivity being all the greater as the wheels are inclined strongly with the steering fork. In many cases of use, it may be advantageous to reduce the reactivity of the tricycle in favor of greater stability, and therefore to have a distance of less than the distance of '(as illustrated in FIGS. and 2). In such a case, an increased space between the wheels 2,3 is also obtained, due to the lower inclination of the latter, which maximizes the volume for the charge transport. Advantageously, the rigid longitudinal body 5 is located below a substantially horizontal plane comprising the axes of rotation of the front wheels 2,3. This allows on the one hand to lower the center of gravity of the load which is intended to be fixed on the longitudinal rigid body 5, which improves the stability of the tricycle. This configuration also makes it possible to maximize in the vertical direction the space available for load transport.

Le corps rigide longitudinal 5 comprend également des moyens de fixation 9 destinés à solidariser un module de transport d'une charge. The rigid longitudinal body 5 also comprises fastening means 9 for securing a transport module of a load.

Comme illustré sur la figure 3a, les moyens de fixation 9 pourront par exemple comprendre deux tubes coudés, soudés au corps rigide longitudinal 5, respectivement dans deux zones latérales. Alternativement, les moyens de fixation 9 pourront comprendre des systèmes d'encoches et de clips ou autres dispositifs mécaniques aptes à assurer une fixation solide et fiable sur le corps rigide longitudinal 5.  As illustrated in FIG. 3a, the fastening means 9 may, for example, comprise two bent tubes, welded to the longitudinal rigid body 5, respectively in two lateral zones. Alternatively, the fastening means 9 may comprise notches and clips or other mechanical devices capable of providing a solid and reliable attachment to the rigid longitudinal body 5.

Selon une variante avantageuse, les moyens de fixation 9 comprennent également un élément support 9a constitué par exemple d'un plateau et d'un dossier, comme illustré sur les figures 3b et 3c. L'élément support 9a est solidairement fixé sur le corps rigide longitudinal 5, par exemple, au niveau des deux tubes coudés. L'élément support 9a forme une base pour fixer des modules spécifiques ou pour assembler ceux-ci.  According to an advantageous variant, the fastening means 9 also comprise a support element 9a constituted for example by a plate and a backrest, as illustrated in FIGS. 3b and 3c. The support element 9a is integrally attached to the longitudinal rigid body 5, for example, at the two bent tubes. The support member 9a forms a base for attaching specific modules or for assembling them.

A titre d'exemple, les corps et segments rigides précédemment cités seront principalement composés d' acier ou d ' aluminium. By way of example, the aforementioned rigid bodies and segments will be mainly composed of steel or aluminum.

Egalement à titre d'exemple, le corps rigide longitudinal 5 pourra avoir une longueur (selon l'axe x illustré sur les figures) comprise entre 30 et 70 cm (voire 90 cm) , une largeur (selon l'axe y) comprise entre 2 et 20 cm et une épaisseur (selon l'axe z) comprise entre 1 et 5 cm ; avantageusement, il aura respectivement comme dimensions 52 cm, 5 cm et 2 cm. Les corps rigides latéraux 7,8 pourront avoir des dimensions selon les axes y et z, comprises entre 5 et 20 cm, et une dimension selon l'axe x comprise entre 2 et 5 cm ; avantageusement, ils auront respectivement comme dimensions 6 cm, 14 cm et 3 cm. Le corps rigide central 6 est en liaison tournante avec le corps rigide longitudinal 5, au niveau de la partie centrale de ce dernier, et s'étend en hauteur (selon l'axe z) à l'arrière du corps rigide longitudinal 5. A titre d'exemple, l'extension en hauteur du corps rigide central 6 pourra avoir des dimensions selon les axes x et z comprises respectivement entre 8 et 15 cm et entre 15 et 30 cm, et une dimension selon l'axe y comprise entre 1 et 4 cm ; avantageusement, il aura respectivement comme dimensions 10 cm, 30 cm et 3 cm. Also by way of example, the longitudinal rigid body 5 may have a length (along the axis x illustrated in the figures) of between 30 and 70 cm (or even 90 cm), a width (along the y axis) between 2 and 20 cm and a thickness (along the z axis) of between 1 and 5 cm; advantageously, it will respectively have dimensions of 52 cm, 5 cm and 2 cm. The rigid lateral bodies 7,8 may have dimensions along the y and z axes, between 5 and 20 cm, and a dimension along the x axis of between 2 and 5 cm; advantageously, they will respectively have dimensions of 6 cm, 14 cm and 3 cm. The central rigid body 6 is in rotating connection with the longitudinal rigid body 5, at the central part thereof, and extends in height (along the z axis) at the rear of the rigid longitudinal body 5. A For example, the height extension of the central rigid body 6 may have dimensions along the x and z axes respectively between 8 and 15 cm and between 15 and 30 cm, and a dimension along the y axis between 1 and 4 cm; advantageously, it will respectively have dimensions of 10 cm, 30 cm and 3 cm.

Selon une première variante, les deux segments rigides 4a, 4b, en liaison tournante avec le corps rigide central 6, sont situés, selon une direction verticale, au-dessus et à l'arrière du corps rigide longitudinal 5 (comme illustré sur les figures 1, 2 et 3), soit à l'arrière de l'élément support 9a, de manière à ne pas encombrer l'espace prévu pour le transport de charge. According to a first variant, the two rigid segments 4a, 4b, in a rotating connection with the central rigid body 6, are located, in a vertical direction, above and at the rear of the rigid longitudinal body 5 (as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3), or at the rear of the support member 9a, so as not to clutter the space provided for the transport of load.

Cette configuration des deux segments rigides 4a, 4b permet de dissocier l'amplitude d'inclinaison des roues 2,3 et l'amplitude d'inclinaison du corps rigide central 6.  This configuration of the two rigid segments 4a, 4b makes it possible to separate the amplitude of inclination of the wheels 2, 3 and the amplitude of inclination of the central rigid body 6.

Selon une deuxième variante, les deux segments rigides 4a, 4b, en liaison tournante avec le corps rigide central 6, sont situés, selon une direction verticale, en-dessous du corps rigide longitudinal (figures 8a, 8b, 8c) . According to a second variant, the two rigid segments 4a, 4b, in a rotating connection with the central rigid body 6, are situated, in a vertical direction, below the rigid longitudinal body (FIGS. 8a, 8b, 8c).

Avantageusement, selon cette variante, les premières extrémités 4a' , 4b' des deux segments rigides 4a, 4b n'établissent pas une liaison tournante en un même point avec le corps rigide central 6 : chacune des premières extrémités 4a' , 4b' établit une liaison tournante en un point différent, de part et d'autre de l'axe médian du corps rigide central 6.  Advantageously, according to this variant, the first ends 4a ', 4b' of the two rigid segments 4a, 4b do not establish a rotating connection at the same point with the central rigid body 6: each of the first ends 4a ', 4b' establishes a rotating connection at a different point, on either side of the central axis of the rigid central body 6.

De plus, la liaison tournante entre chaque deuxième extrémité 4a'', 4b'' et un corps rigide latéral 7,8 pourra éventuellement être déportée dans un plan sensiblement horizontal, en direction de l'axe médian du corps rigide central 6. La configuration selon cette deuxième variante est avantageuse en ce qu'elle permet, en plus de dissocier l'inclinaison du corps rigide central 6 de celle des roues 2,3, de rendre dissymétrique l'inclinaison des roues 2,3. En effet, l'inclinaison de la roue extérieure au virage (la roue 2 sur les figures 8a, 8b, 8c) va dépendre de l'alignement de trois points : le pivot (liaison tournante) au niveau de la deuxième extrémité 4b' ' du segment rigide 4b, le pivot au niveau de la première extrémité 4b' du même segment 4b et le pivot central entre le corps rigide central 6 et le corps rigide longitudinal 5. La roue extérieure 2 va se pencher d'autant moins que l'alignement des trois points s'effectue (figure 8b) . Lorsque l'alignement est dépassé, la roue extérieure 2 commence à s'incliner en sens inverse (figure 8c) . In addition, the rotating connection between each second end 4a '', 4b '' and a lateral rigid body 7,8 may optionally be deported in a substantially horizontal plane, in the direction of the central axis of the central rigid body 6. The configuration according to this second variant is advantageous in that it makes it possible, in addition to separating the inclination of the central rigid body 6 from that of the wheels 2,3, to make the inclination of the wheels 2,3 asymmetrical. Indeed, the inclination of the wheel outside the turn (the wheel 2 in Figures 8a, 8b, 8c) will depend on the alignment of three points: the pivot (rotating connection) at the second end 4b '' the rigid segment 4b, the pivot at the first end 4b 'of the same segment 4b and the central pivot between the central rigid body 6 and the rigid longitudinal body 5. The outer wheel 2 will lean all the less as the alignment of the three points is performed (Figure 8b). When the alignment is exceeded, the outer wheel 2 begins to tilt in the opposite direction (Figure 8c).

Ainsi, selon cette deuxième variante, la roue intérieure 3 va davantage s'incliner que la roue extérieure 2 dans un virage. La distance séparant les deux zones de contact entre le sol et chacune des deux roues 2,3 ne reste pas constante. Cette configuration permet d'améliorer le rayon de braquage du tricycle. Elle est par ailleurs favorable à une meilleure stabilité de conduite.  Thus, according to this second variant, the inner wheel 3 will tilt more than the outer wheel 2 in a turn. The distance separating the two contact zones between the ground and each of the two wheels 2,3 does not remain constant. This configuration improves the turning radius of the tricycle. It is also favorable to better driving stability.

Avantageusement, cette deuxième variante permet de maintenir le corps rigide longitudinal 5 dans une position sensiblement horizontale, même dans les virages nécessitant une forte inclinaison des roues 2,3.  Advantageously, this second variant makes it possible to maintain the rigid longitudinal body 5 in a substantially horizontal position, even in bends requiring a steep inclination of the wheels 2, 3.

A titre d'exemple, les dimensions référencées sur la figure 8a pourront être : A = 20 à 40mm, B = 60 à 100mm, C = 30 à 80mm, D = 25 à 50mm, E = 150 à 400mm.  By way of example, the dimensions referenced in FIG. 8a can be: A = 20 to 40 mm, B = 60 to 100 mm, C = 30 to 80 mm, D = 25 to 50 mm, E = 150 to 400 mm.

Les caractéristiques suivantes s'appliquent aux deux variantes précédemment décrites. Optionnellement , une béquille rétractable pourra être fixée sur le corps rigide central 6, de manière à assurer une meilleure stabilité du train avant 1 (solidaire ou pas d'un cycle à pédales) en stationnement. Le train avant selon l'invention pourra également comprendre un système de rappel 12 dont une première partie est solidaire du corps rigide central 6 et une deuxième partie est solidaire du corps rigide longitudinal 5, illustré sur les figures 4a et 4b. Avantageusement, le système de rappel 12 est formé d'un ressort, dont une première extrémité pourra être fixée sur le corps rigide central 6 (ou sur un bras additionnel 6' solidaire du corps rigide central 6) , et dont une deuxième extrémité pourra être fixée sur l'élément support 9a, lui-même solidaire du corps rigide longitudinal 5. The following characteristics apply to the two previously described variants. Optionally, a retractable stand can be fixed on the central rigid body 6, so as to ensure better stability of the front axle 1 (integral or not with a pedal cycle) parking. The front axle according to the invention may also comprise a return system 12, a first portion of which is integral with the central rigid body 6 and a second portion is integral with the rigid longitudinal body 5, illustrated in Figures 4a and 4b. Advantageously, the return system 12 is formed of a spring, a first end of which may be fixed to the central rigid body 6 (or to an additional arm 6 'integral with the central rigid body 6), and a second end of which may be fixed on the support element 9a, itself secured to the rigid longitudinal body 5.

La raideur du ressort pourra être ajustée selon la force de rappel souhaitée entre le corps rigide central 6 (solidaire de la fourche de direction) et le corps rigide longitudinal 5.  The stiffness of the spring can be adjusted according to the desired return force between the central rigid body 6 (integral with the steering fork) and the rigid longitudinal body 5.

La position en hauteur de fixation de chacune des extrémités du ressort respectivement sur le corps rigide central 6 et sur l'élément support 9a ou le corps rigide longitudinal 5 peut également permettre d'ajuster la force de rappel du système 12. Le système de rappel 12 aide à amortir les mouvements d' inclinaison du corps rigide central 6 (destiné à être fixé sur la fourche du tricycle) et à rétablir le corps rigide central 6 en position centrale.  The fixing height position of each of the ends of the spring respectively on the central rigid body 6 and on the support member 9a or the rigid longitudinal body 5 may also make it possible to adjust the restoring force of the system 12. The return system 12 helps to dampen the tilting movements of the central rigid body 6 (intended to be fixed on the fork of the tricycle) and to restore the central rigid body 6 in the central position.

Le train avant selon l'invention pourra également ou alternativement comprendre un système d'amortisseurs, par exemple à frottement sec ou classiques, destiné notamment à amortir les mouvements d' inclinaison transmis de la fourche aux roues.  The front axle according to the invention may also or alternatively comprise a system of dampers, for example with dry friction or conventional, intended in particular to dampen the inclination movements transmitted from the fork to the wheels.

Le train avant 1 selon le premier mode de réalisation peut être fixé sur un cycle à pédales, par exemple sur un bicycle classique, et ainsi transformer ce dernier en tricycle. Il convient dans un premier temps de retirer la roue avant du bicycle que l'on souhaite transformer, et de déconnecter les câbles de freins avant. The front train 1 according to the first embodiment can be fixed on a pedal cycle, for example on a conventional bicycle, and thus turn it into a tricycle. It is first necessary to remove the front wheel of the bicycle that you want to transform, and disconnect the front brake cables.

C'est le corps rigide central 6 qui est solidarisé avec la fourche de direction 30, en deux zones de fixation 20 et 21 (figures 5a et 5b) . La première zone de fixation 20 est réalisée au niveau des deux pattes de la fourche de direction 30 et d'un logement 10 aménagé dans le corps rigide central 6 : un axe glissé dans les encoches des pattes de la fourche et le logement 10 et bloqué par des éléments de vissage assure la solidarisation entre la fourche 30 et le corps rigide central 6. De manière avantageuse, le corps rigide central 6 pourra comporter plusieurs logements 10, à différentes hauteurs, permettant au train avant 1 de se fixer sur de multiples tailles de fourche ou de bicycle. La seconde zone de fixation 21 se situe au-dessus de la première zone de fixation 20 (selon l'axe z) . It is the central rigid body 6 which is secured with the steering fork 30, in two attachment zones 20 and 21 (Figures 5a and 5b). The first attachment zone 20 is formed at the two legs of the steering fork 30 and a housing 10 arranged in the central rigid body 6: an axle slid into the notches of the legs of the fork and the housing 10 and blocked by screwing elements ensures the connection between the fork 30 and the central rigid body 6. Advantageously, the central rigid body 6 may have several housings 10, at different heights, allowing the front train 1 to be fixed on multiple sizes fork or bicycle. The second attachment zone 21 is located above the first attachment zone 20 (along the z axis).

Le corps rigide central 6 pourra avantageusement comporter un bras additionnel 6' permettant l'allongement du corps rigide central 6 vers le haut. Ce bras additionnel 6' sera préférentiellement réglable en hauteur. Alternativement, le corps rigide central 6 pourra être élaboré en un seul bloc incluant le bras 6' .  The central rigid body 6 may advantageously comprise an additional arm 6 'for extending the central rigid body 6 upwards. This additional arm 6 'will preferably be adjustable in height. Alternatively, the central rigid body 6 can be developed in a single block including the arm 6 '.

Comme illustré sur la figure 5b, la seconde zone de fixation 21 est réalisée au niveau des deux fourreaux de la fourche de direction 30 et du bras additionnel 6' par un élément de fixation universel 11. Cet élément 11 peut par exemple consister en un système de mâchoires 110, serrées sur les fourreaux de la fourche 30 par une tige traversante 111. Alternativement et en particulier pour les bicycles équipés de freins à mâchoires ayant deux points de fixation sur les fourreaux de fourche, l'élément 11 peut consister en une plaque avec des encoches traversantes permettant de visser l'élément 11 à la place desdits freins. L'élément de fixation 11 peut avantageusement être fixé sur le bras additionnel 6' . Le bras 6' étant réglable en hauteur, il sera possible de fixer l'élément 11 sur de multiples tailles de fourches ou de bicycle, tout en conservant une orientation sensiblement horizontale des corps rigides longitudinaux 4,5.  As illustrated in FIG. 5b, the second fastening zone 21 is formed at the level of the two sleeves of the steering fork 30 and of the additional arm 6 'by a universal fastening element 11. This element 11 may for example consist of a system of jaws 110, clamped on the sleeves of the fork 30 by a through rod 111. Alternatively and in particular for bicycles equipped with jaw brakes having two attachment points on the fork sleeves, the element 11 may consist of a plate with through notches for screwing the element 11 in place of said brakes. The fixing element 11 may advantageously be fixed on the additional arm 6 '. The arm 6 'being adjustable in height, it will be possible to fix the element 11 on multiple sizes of forks or bicycle, while maintaining a substantially horizontal orientation of the rigid longitudinal bodies 4,5.

Grâce aux deux zones de fixation 20, 21, le train avant 1 selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention est solidaire de la fourche 30 du cycle en au moins trois points d'appui, permettant d'assurer leur solidarisation dans un plan . Thanks to the two attachment zones 20, 21, the front axle 1 according to the first embodiment of the invention is integral with the fork 30 of the cycle in at least three points. support, to ensure their solidarity in a plan.

Le tricycle comprenant le train avant 1 selon l'invention, présente une chasse faiblement négative. La chasse correspond à la distance entre un premier point d' intersection entre le plan du sol et une ligne virtuelle passant par l'axe de la fourche de direction 30, et un deuxième point d'intersection entre le plan du sol et une ligne verticale passant par le centre de la roue. La chasse est considérée positive quand le deuxième point est à l'arrière du premier point, dans le sens de la marche. The tricycle comprising the front axle 1 according to the invention has a weakly negative chase. The hunt is the distance between a first point of intersection between the ground plane and a virtual line passing through the axis of the steering fork 30, and a second point of intersection between the ground plane and a vertical line. passing through the center of the wheel. The hunt is considered positive when the second point is behind the first point, in the direction of the march.

II reste alors à raccorder les câbles de freins du train avant 1 aux commandes de freinage que l'on fixe au niveau du guidon du cycle. Le train avant 1 selon l'invention permet ainsi la transformation d'un bicycle en tricycle de manière simple et rapide (figure 6a) . It remains then to connect the braking cables of the front axle 1 braking controls that are fixed at the handlebars of the cycle. The front train 1 according to the invention thus makes it possible to transform a bicycle into a tricycle in a simple and fast manner (FIG. 6a).

La fourche de direction 30 étant solidaire du corps rigide central 6, les mouvements de rotation et d'inclinaison de celle-ci sont transmis aux deux roues avant 2,3 par l'intermédiaire du mécanisme articulé formé par les corps 5,6,7,8 et segments 4a, 4b rigides. Le système de rappel 12 aide à amortir ces mouvements et permet de rétablir la fourche 30 en position centrale, assurant ainsi une conduite plus souple et confortable à l'utilisateur.  Since the steering fork 30 is integral with the central rigid body 6, the rotational and inclined movements thereof are transmitted to the two front wheels 2, 3 via the articulated mechanism formed by the bodies 5, 6, 7 , 8 and rigid segments 4a, 4b. The return system 12 helps dampen these movements and restores the fork 30 in the central position, thus ensuring a more flexible and comfortable to the user.

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, le corps rigide central 6 du train avant 1 présente une forme adaptée pour constituer directement la fourche ou la colonne de direction d'un cycle. Le train avant 1 selon ce deuxième mode de réalisation peut alors être incorporé à une structure de cycle (cadre, pédalier, roue arrière, guidon, ...) pour la fabrication d'un tricycle. According to a second embodiment of the invention, the central rigid body 6 of the front axle 1 has a shape adapted to form directly the fork or the steering column of a cycle. The front train 1 according to this second embodiment can then be incorporated in a cycle structure (frame, pedal, rear wheel, handlebar, ...) for the manufacture of a tricycle.

Le train avant 1 selon le deuxième mode de réalisation comporte, comme dans le premier mode de réalisation, les deux roues 2,3, le mécanisme articulé formé par les corps 5,6,7,8 et segments 4a, 4b rigides, et dont le corps rigide longitudinal 5 comporte des moyens de fixation 9 destinés à solidariser un module de transport de charges. Il peut en outre comporter le système de rappel 12, voire un système d'amortisseur. Le corps rigide central 6 constituant directement la fourche 30, les zones de fixation 20 et 21 ne sont pas présentes. The front train 1 according to the second embodiment comprises, as in the first embodiment, the two 2,3 wheels, the articulated mechanism formed by the bodies 5,6,7,8 and rigid segments 4a, 4b, and whose rigid longitudinal body 5 comprises fastening means 9 for securing a charge transport module. It may further comprise the return system 12, or even a damper system. The central rigid body 6 directly constituting the fork 30, the attachment zones 20 and 21 are not present.

De manière générale, les variantes et les caractéristiques décrites dans le cadre du premier mode de réalisation sont également applicables à ce deuxième mode de réalisation.  In general, the variants and features described in the context of the first embodiment are also applicable to this second embodiment.

Selon une autre variante, applicable aux premier et second modes de réalisation, le train avant 1 comprend en outre un module 15 de transport de charge, comme illustré sur la figure 6b. Le tricycle muni du train avant 1 selon l'invention peut ainsi se transformer en triporteur. Le module 15 est solidarisé au train avant 1, sur les éléments de fixation 9,9a aménagés sur le corps rigide longitudinal 5. According to another variant, applicable to the first and second embodiments, the front gear 1 further comprises a load transport module 15, as shown in FIG. 6b. The tricycle equipped with the front train 1 according to the invention can thus be transformed into a scooter. The module 15 is secured to the front axle 1, on the fastening elements 9, 9a arranged on the rigid longitudinal body 5.

Le module 15 peut consister en un chariot, représenté sur la figure 6b, particulièrement adapté au transport de courses, de vêtements ou autres objets divers. Le module peut également consister en un caisson, par exemple aménagé pour transporter un ou deux enfants.  The module 15 may consist of a carriage, shown in Figure 6b, particularly suitable for transporting races, clothes or other miscellaneous objects. The module may also consist of a box, for example arranged to carry one or two children.

Ces modules pourront également être configurés pour une utilisation indépendante du train avant 1 de triporteur ; à titre d'exemple, le chariot et le caisson pourront être munis de roulettes et de moyens de préhension permettant à l'utilisateur de les tracter ou de les pousser lorsqu'ils sont séparés du train avant 1.  These modules can also be configured for independent use of the front train 1 scooter; for example, the carriage and the box may be provided with wheels and gripping means allowing the user to pull or push when separated from the front axle 1.

Le module 15 étant uniquement fixé sur le corps rigide longitudinal 5, il ne suit pas l'axe de la fourche 30 lors des mouvements d'inclinaison de celle-ci (correspondant à une rotation selon l'axe y) . Comme illustré sur la figure 7, le centre de gravité du module (symbolisé par G2 sur la figure 7) suit le mouvement du corps rigide longitudinal 5 : il subit une légère inclinaison par rapport à l'axe perpendiculaire au corps rigide longitudinal 5, dans le sens opposé à l'inclinaison de la fourche de direction 30. Cette cinématique est particulièrement avantageuse pour assurer un bon confort de conduite à l'utilisateur du triporteur, en particulier dans le cas du transport de lourdes charges. Since the module 15 is only fixed on the longitudinal rigid body 5, it does not follow the axis of the fork 30 during inclination movements thereof (corresponding to a rotation along the y axis). As illustrated in FIG. 7, the center of gravity of the module (symbolized by G2 in FIG. 7) follows the movement of the rigid longitudinal body 5: it undergoes a slight inclination relative to the axis perpendicular to the rigid longitudinal body 5, in the opposite direction to the inclination of the steering fork 30. This kinematics is particularly advantageous to ensure good driving comfort for the user of the scooter, especially in the case of transporting heavy loads.

En effet, dans le cas d'une charge solidaire de la fourche de direction 30, le poids PI de la charge (dont le centre de gravité est symbolisé par Gl sur la figure 7) génère un moment M proportionnel au sinus de l'inclinaison de la fourche 30. Cela se traduit par un effort important requis pour ramener la fourche 30 dans sa position centrale. En rendant la charge solidaire du corps rigide longitudinal 5 (la charge étant symbolisée par G2 sur la figure 7), on diminue le basculement de la charge, ce qui permet de fournir moins d'effort pour ramener la fourche en position initiale.  Indeed, in the case of a load integral with the steering fork 30, the weight PI of the load (whose center of gravity is symbolized by Gl in FIG. 7) generates a moment M proportional to the sinus of the inclination of the fork 30. This results in a significant effort required to return the fork 30 to its central position. By rendering the load integral with the rigid longitudinal body 5 (the load being symbolized by G2 in FIG. 7), the tilting of the load is reduced, which makes it possible to provide less effort to return the fork to its initial position.

Du fait de cette cinématique et de la configuration des segments rigides, et avantageusement grâce au système de rappel 12, le train avant 1 selon l'invention procure une maniabilité et un confort de conduite très proche d'un bicycle, avec en plus la stabilité et une capacité de transport proche d'un triporteur. Due to this kinematics and the configuration of the rigid segments, and advantageously thanks to the return system 12, the front axle 1 according to the invention provides maneuverability and driving comfort very close to a bicycle, with in addition the stability and a transport capacity close to a scooter.

Le train avant 1 d'un cycle à pédales selon l'invention peut trouver de multiples utilisations telles que :  The front gear 1 of a pedal cycle according to the invention can find multiple uses such as:

- se rendre sur son lieu de travail, avec la possibilité de transporter des effets personnels ou professionnels  - to go to his place of work, with the possibility to carry personal or professional effects

- faire des déplacements professionnels par exemple de livraison, en milieu urbain ou péri-urbain  - make business trips, for example delivery, in urban or peri-urban areas

- se déplacer à l'intérieur d'un site industriel étendu, avec la possibilité de transporter des objets ou dossiers de manière aisée  - move within an extended industrial site, with the ability to easily transport objects or folders

- amener les enfants à l'école,  - bring the children to school,

- aller faire les courses, Selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, le train avant 1 pourra être utilisé en tant que train arrière, dans une configuration de cycle triporteur comprenant deux roues à l'arrière et une roue à l'avant. Les variantes, concernant le mécanisme d' inclinaison des roues (ensemble des corps rigides en liaison tournante) , décrites pour les deux modes de réalisation précédents s'appliquent. Pour ce troisième mode de réalisation, il sera bien-sur nécessaire d' adapter les zones de fixation du corps rigide central 6 aux spécificités de montage d'un train à l'arrière d'un cycle. - go shopping, According to a third embodiment of the invention, the front train 1 can be used as a rear train, in a scooter cycle configuration comprising two wheels at the rear and a wheel at the front. The variants relating to the tilting mechanism of the wheels (all the rigid bodies in a rotating connection) described for the two preceding embodiments apply. For this third embodiment, it will of course be necessary to adapt the attachment zones of the central rigid body 6 to the specific assembly of a train at the rear of a cycle.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et on peut y apporter des variantes de réalisation sans sortir du cadre de l'invention tel que défini par les revendications. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and variants can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales comprenant deux roues avant (2,3) inclinables, chacune liée à un corps rigide latéral (7,8), le train avant (1) comportant au moins un corps rigide longitudinal (5) en liaison tournante avec un corps rigide central (6) et avec les deux corps rigides latéraux (7,8) ; le train avant (1) étant caractérisé en ce qu' il comprend : Front gear (1) of a pedal cycle comprising two front wheels (2,3) tiltable, each linked to a rigid lateral body (7,8), the front axle (1) having at least one longitudinal rigid body (5) ) in rotational connection with a rigid central body (6) and with both rigid lateral bodies (7,8); the front axle (1) being characterized in that it comprises: • deux segments rigides (4a, 4b) , chacun présentant une première extrémité en liaison tournante avec le corps rigide central (6) et une deuxième extrémité en liaison tournante avec l'un des corps rigides latéraux (7,8) ;  • two rigid segments (4a, 4b), each having a first end rotatably connected to the central rigid body (6) and a second end rotatably connected to one of the rigid lateral bodies (7,8); • des moyens de fixation (9,9a) destinés à solidariser un module (15) de transport d'une charge sur le corps rigide longitudinal (5) .  • fixing means (9,9a) for securing a module (15) for transporting a load on the rigid longitudinal body (5). Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel les deux segments rigides (4a, 4b) sont non parallèles à un plan sensiblement horizontal contenant le corps rigide longitudinal (5) . Front gear (1) of a pedal cycle according to the preceding claim, wherein the two rigid segments (4a, 4b) are non-parallel to a substantially horizontal plane containing the longitudinal rigid body (5). Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la distance entre les premières extrémités (4a', 4b') des segments rigides (4a, 4b) et le plan sensiblement horizontal contenant le corps rigide longitudinal (5) est inférieure à la distance entre leurs deuxièmes extrémités (4a' ',4b'') et ledit plan. Front gear (1) of a pedal cycle according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the distance between the first ends (4a ', 4b') of the rigid segments (4a, 4b) and the substantially horizontal plane containing the body rigid longitudinal (5) is less than the distance between their second ends (4a '', 4b '') and said plane. Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le corps rigide longitudinal (5) est situé en-dessous d'un plan sensiblement horizontal comprenant les axes de rotation des roues avant (2,3) . Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, selon un axe vertical, le corps rigide longitudinal (5) est situé en- dessous des deux segments rigides (4a, 4b). Front gear (1) of a pedal cycle according to one of the preceding claims, in which the longitudinal rigid body (5) is situated below a substantially horizontal plane comprising the axes of rotation of the front wheels (2, 3). Front gear (1) of a pedal cycle according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, along a vertical axis, the longitudinal rigid body (5) is located below the two rigid segments (4a, 4b). Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel, selon un axe vertical, le corps rigide longitudinal (5) est situé au-dessus des deux segments rigides (4a, 4b) . Front gear (1) of a pedal cycle according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, along a vertical axis, the rigid longitudinal body (5) is located above the two rigid segments (4a, 4b) . Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel chacune des premières extrémités (4a', 4b') des segments rigides (4a, 4b) établit une liaison tournante avec le corps rigide central (6) en un point différent, de part et d'autre d'un axe médian du corps rigide central (6) . Front gear (1) of a pedal cycle according to the preceding claim, wherein each of the first ends (4a ', 4b') of the rigid segments (4a, 4b) establishes a rotating connection with the central rigid body (6) in a different point, on either side of a central axis of the central rigid body (6). Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel la liaison tournante entre chaque deuxième extrémité (4a' ' , 4b' ' ) des segments rigides (4a, 4b) et un corps rigide latéral (7,8) est déportée dans un plan sensiblement horizontal, en direction de l'axe médian du corps rigide central (6) . Front gear (1) of a pedal cycle according to the preceding claim, wherein the rotating connection between each second end (4a '', 4b '') of the rigid segments (4a, 4b) and a rigid lateral body (7, 8) is deported in a substantially horizontal plane, in the direction of the central axis of the central rigid body (6). Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant un système de rappel (12) dont une première partie est solidaire du corps rigide central (6) et une deuxième partie est solidaire du corps rigide longitudinal (5) . Front gear (1) of a pedal cycle according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a return system (12) of which a first part is integral with the central rigid body (6) and a second part is integral with the rigid longitudinal body (5). Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel le système de rappel (12) est un ressort de raideur ajustable. Front train (1) of a pedal cycle according to the preceding claim, wherein the return system (12) is an adjustable stiffness spring. 11. Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le corps rigide central (6) est solidaire d'une fourche de direction (30) dudit cycle à pédales. 11. Front train (1) of a pedal cycle according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the central rigid body (6) is integral with a steering fork (30) of said pedal cycle. 12. Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel au moins deux zones de fixation (20,21) rendent solidaires le corps rigide central (6) et la fourche de direction (30) . 12. Front train (1) of a pedal cycle according to the preceding claim, wherein at least two attachment zones (20,21) make integral the central rigid body (6) and the steering fork (30). 13. Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le corps rigide central (6) constitue une fourche de direction (30) dudit cycle à pédales. 13. Front train (1) of a pedal cycle according to claim 1, wherein the central rigid body (6) constitutes a steering fork (30) of said pedal cycle. 14. Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les moyens de fixation (9) comprennent un élément support (9a) constitué d'un plateau et d'un dossier, l'élément support étant solidairement fixé sur le corps rigide longitudinal (5) . 14. Front train (1) of a pedal cycle according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fastening means (9) comprise a support member (9a) consisting of a plate and a backrest, the support member being integrally attached to the longitudinal rigid body (5). 15. Train avant (1) d'un cycle à pédales selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre un module (15) adapté au transport de la charge, fixé sur l'élément support ( 9a) . 15. Front train (1) of a pedal cycle according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a module (15) adapted to transport the load, fixed on the support member (9a).
PCT/FR2017/051969 2016-08-25 2017-07-19 Front train of tricycle or delivery tricycle Ceased WO2018037175A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1657916 2016-08-25
FR1657916A FR3055303B1 (en) 2016-08-25 2016-08-25 FRONT TRICYCLE OR TRIPORATOR TRAIN

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WO2018037175A1 true WO2018037175A1 (en) 2018-03-01

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EP4299425A1 (en) * 2022-07-01 2024-01-03 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Straddle-type vehicle

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EP1690782A1 (en) 2005-02-15 2006-08-16 Triobike A/S Bike trailer
EP2077223A1 (en) 2006-10-10 2009-07-08 Antonio Manuel Guerra Navas Improved fork for bicycles and similar
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FR3018765A1 (en) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-25 Cyclocad DEVICE FOR CONVERTING A TWO-WHEELED VEHICLE IN THREE-WHEELED VEHICLE

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WO2022259180A1 (en) * 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Piaggio & C. S.P.A. Saddle riding rolling vehicle with loading surface integral with the lower cross member and housed between the front steered wheels
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EP4299425A1 (en) * 2022-07-01 2024-01-03 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Straddle-type vehicle

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FR3055303A1 (en) 2018-03-02

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