WO2018033246A1 - Assembly, in particular refrigerator or heat pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an assembly (1), having a first heat reservoir (2a) acting as a heat source and a second heat reservoir (2b) acting as a heat sink, a thermochemical reactor (5), preferably an adsorption refrigerator or an adsorption heat pump, which can be connected or is connected thermally and fluidically to the heat reservoirs (2a, 2b), a heat transfer fluid circuit (3), in which a heat transfer fluid (F) is provided for transporting heat between the two heat reservoirs (2a, 2b) and the thermochemical reactor (5), a temporary heat store (100), which is provided in the heat transfer fluid circuit (3), for temporarily storing the heat transfer fluid (F), wherein the temporary heat store is designed to receive the heat transfer fluid (F) at two different temperature levels (T₁, T₂) and to this end has a first sub-store (101a) with a variable store volume (102a) and, thermally and fluidically separate from the latter, a second sub-store (101b) with a variable store volume (102b), a valve system (9) present in the heat transfer fluid circuit (3).

Description

 Arrangement, in particular chiller or heat pump

The invention relates to an arrangement, in particular a chiller or heat pump, and a method for operating this arrangement.

Thermally-driven sorption refrigeration plants have a high energy-saving potential, since cost-effective waste heat or excess heat is used as drive energy and expensive mechanical drive energy can be saved in this way. In stationary applications, the electrical networks can be relieved, especially in warm periods and climates with high refrigeration demand. In the cold season, the systems can also be used as heat pumps, which raise additional ambient heat by means of burner heat to a temperature level sufficient for heating purposes.

Against this background, devices are known from the prior art, in which porous solids are used, which react with a working fluid under the reaction of heat and have no moving and thus failure-prone wear parts in the working medium area.

However, adsorption heat pumps or adsorption refrigeration systems realized with the aid of such thermochemical reactors have the disadvantage over continuous absorption systems that the periodic temperature changes with cycled thermal masses result in efficiency losses which reduce the power density or power efficiency achieved by the adsorption heat pumps or adsorption refrigeration system.

In this context, DE 10 2006 043 715 A1 discloses an adsorption heat pump in which a layer heat accumulator is used. This allows a staggered storage and reuse of sensible and latent heat in the adsorption cycle. However, such layer heat storage can not be used everywhere due to their large volume.

It is an object of the present invention to discover new ways in the development of sorption heat pumps or sorption refrigeration systems, in particular with improved efficiency.

This object is solved by the subject matter of the independent patent claims. Preferred embodiments are subject of the dependent claims.

The basic idea of the invention is accordingly to provide an arrangement with an adsorption heat pump or an adsorption chiller with a sorption module-presently uniformly referred to as a "thermochemical reactor" -with a heat buffer which has two partial reservoirs for receiving a heat transfer fluid with two different temperature levels. in the thermal cycling of the thermochemical reactor and in the associated switching of the thermochemical reactor between two different temperature levels in the heat transfer fluid between stored heat.The term "thermochemical reactor" is generally understood to mean a container having at least one working fluid and an integrated heat transfer structure, with the at least depending on a temperature boundary condition under Wärmeab- or supply an exothermic or endothermic reaction or phase transformation z can be brought to expiration. It may therefore be a sorption reactor or a phase changer, in particular a capacitor and / or evaporator. Such more specific embodiments, components or subcomponents are also covered by the terms " via "," sorption reactor "," thermochemical storage "or" phase changer "known.

The presently used, essential to the invention heat buffer allows the intermediate storage of the heat transfer fluid with the temperature level of a heat source of the arrangement in the first part of memory and the simultaneous intermediate storage of the heat transfer fluid with the temperature level of a heat sink of the arrangement in the second part of the heat storage buffer store.

With an increase in volume of the first partial memory, a volume decrease of the second partial accumulator is accompanied by the heat accumulator essential to the invention, and vice versa. Since the two volume-variable partial storage have the same total volume, introducing the heat transfer fluid with the temperature level of the heat source in the first subspace facilitates removal of the heat transfer fluid with the second temperature level from the second partial storage and vice versa. In this way, unwanted energy losses of the thermochemical reactor during thermal cycling, ie when switching between the two temperature levels of heat source and heat sink, can be minimized. As a result, this leads to an improved efficiency of the arrangement according to the invention over conventional arrangements.

An arrangement according to the invention, in particular a chiller or a heat pump, comprises a first heat reservoir, which acts as a heat source, and a second heat reservoir, which acts as a heat sink. The arrangement further comprises a thermochemically and fluidically connectable or connected to the heat reservoir thermochemical reactor. Preferably, the thermochemical reactor is an adsorption chiller or an adsorption heat pump or is essential functional component thereof.

Furthermore, the arrangement comprises a heat transfer fluid circuit, in which a heat transfer fluid for transporting heat between the two heat reservoirs and the thermochemical reactor is arranged. In the heat transfer fluid circuit, a heat buffer for temporarily storing the heat transfer fluid is provided. According to the invention, the heat buffer has a first partial storage with a variable storage volume. Furthermore, the heat buffer has thermally and fluidly separated from the first part of a second storage partial memory with variable storage volume.

An existing in the heat transfer fluid circuit conveyor of the inventive arrangement is used to drive the heat transfer fluid in the heat transfer fluid circuit. Furthermore, the arrangement comprises a present in the heat transfer fluid circuit valve system comprising four adjustable valve devices.

By means of a first valve device, the fluid inlet of the thermochemical reactor can optionally be connected to the fluid outlet of the first or second heat reservoir. By means of a second valve device, a fluid outlet of the thermochemical reactor can optionally be connected to the fluid inlet of the first or second heat reservoir. By means of a third valve device, the first partial storage can be connected either via the first heat reservoir or directly to the first valve device. By means of a fourth valve device, the second partial storage can be connected either via the first heat reservoir or directly to the first valve device. At least a portion of these four valve devices are controllable and adjustable by means of a control / regulating device. By means of these four adjustable valve devices, the heat transfer between. see the two heat reservoirs, the thermochemical reactor and the heat buffer by the heat transfer fluid controllable.

In a preferred embodiment, the heat buffer is designed for simultaneously receiving and emitting a first and a second fluid mass of the heat transfer fluid, the two fluid masses having different temperature levels. This makes it possible to simultaneously store in the intermediate heat storage fluid mass in the temperature range of the heat source and fluid mass in the temperature range of the heat sink in temperature-layered form between.

Particularly preferably, the first partial storage of the heat buffer is fluidly connected to the first heat reservoir and the second partial storage of the intermediate heat storage fluidly connected to the second heat reservoir. This measure allows a simple supply of stored hot heat transfer fluid from the heat buffer into the first heat reservoir of the heat source lying at a high temperature level. Likewise, this measure allows a simple supply of stored cooler heat transfer fluid from the heat buffer into the second heat reservoir of the lower temperature level heat sink.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the heat buffer is realized as a container. In this variant, the container comprises a housing, in the interior of which a separating element is movably arranged, which subdivides the interior into a volume-variable first partial storage and a thermally isolated from the first partial storage, also volume-variable second partial storage. In the housing, a first passage for introducing and removing the heat transfer fluid is provided in or from the first part of memory. Furthermore, a second passage for introducing and removing the heat transfer fluid into and out of the second storage part is provided in the housing.

In an advantageous embodiment, the housing is elongated. In this case, the first passage is arranged at a first longitudinal end and the second passage at a second longitudinal end opposite the first longitudinal end. The associated with an elongated configuration of the housing, large length / cross-sectional area serves the purpose that a temperature stratification of the incoming or outflowing fluid mass is largely retained and does not mix appreciably during the required storage time.

Suitably, the housing may be formed as a tubular body which extends along an axial direction substantially rectilinear. In this variant, the separating element for forming the two volume-variable partial storage along the axial direction is movable against the inside of a peripheral wall of the tubular body. Such a construction is technically easy to manufacture and thus associated with low production costs.

In a further advantageous development, a first sensor element is provided on the first passage, by means of which it is possible to determine whether the separating element is in a first end position, in which the separating element has a minimum distance to the first passage. Alternatively or additionally, in this variant, a second sensor element may be provided on the second passage, by means of which it is possible to determine whether the separating element is in a second end position in which the separating element has a minimum distance to the second passage. In this way, it can be determined in the thermal cycling of the thermochemical reactor, when the heat transfer fluid was completely removed from one of the two partial storage; because in this Case, the separator is at a minimum distance to the first or second passage.

In a preferred embodiment of the arrangement, an operating state in which the heat transfer fluid circuit forms a first partial circuit can be set by the control / regulation device in the at least one adjustable valve device of the valve system. In the first partial circuit, the heat transfer fluid circulates between the thermochemical reactor and the second heat reservoir, in such a way that heat from the thermochemical reactor in the second heat reservoir, ie in the heat sink, is transmitted. In this way, heat can be dissipated from the thermochemical reactor in a particularly effective manner. In this operating state, the first valve device and the second valve device preferably each fluidically connect the second heat reservoir with the thermochemical reactor. In this operating state, the position of the third and fourth valve device is irrelevant, since a flow through the heat buffer is not possible.

In this operating state, the first partial store preferably has a maximum volume and the second partial store has a minimum volume. This means that the first part storage is filled with the heat transfer fluid, which has substantially the temperature level of the heat source.

In a further preferred embodiment of the arrangement, an operating state in which the heat carrier fluid circuit forms a second partial circuit can be set by the control / regulation device in the at least one adjustable valve device of the valve system. In this second partial circuit, the heat transfer fluid circulates between the thermochemical reactor and the first heat reservoir, so that heat is transferred from the first heat reservoir, that is from the heat source, into the thermochemical reactor. Preferably, in this operating state, the first valve device and the second valve device each fluidically connect the first heat reservoir with the thermochemical reactor. In this operating state, the position of the third and fourth valve device is irrelevant, since a flow through the heat buffer is not possible.

In this operating state, the second partial store preferably has a maximum volume and the first partial store has a minimal volume. This means that the second part of memory is filled with the fluid Erfluid, which has substantially the temperature level of the heat sink.

In a further preferred embodiment of the arrangement, an operating state is adjustable by the control / regulating device in the at least one adjustable valve device of the valve system, in which heat carrier fluid is transported from the first partial store of the heat intermediate store into the thermochemical reactor. At the same heat transfer is rfluid transported from the thermochemical reactor in the second part of storage. In this way, the thermoelectric reactor can be supplied with heat stored in a particularly effective manner at an earlier point in time. In this operating state, the first valve device and the third valve device preferably connect the thermochemical reactor, bypassing the first heat reservoir, fluidically directly to the first partial reservoir. The second and the fourth valve device connect in this operating state, the thermochemical reactor fluidly with the second part of memory.

In a further preferred embodiment of the arrangement, an operating state can be set by the control / regulation device in the at least one adjustable valve device of the valve system, in which heat carrier fluid passes into the thermochemical bypassing the second heat reservoir Reactor is transported. At the same heat transfer fluid is transported bypassing the first heat reservoir from the thermochemical reactor in the first part of storage. In this operating state, the first valve device and the fourth valve device preferably connect the thermochemical reactor, bypassing the second heat reservoir, fluidically directly to the second partial reservoir. The second valve device and the third valve device connect the thermochemical storage fluidically directly to the first partial storage.

In an advantageous development, the first and the second heat reservoir and the thermochemical reactor for introducing and discharging the heat transfer fluid each have a fluid inlet or a fluid outlet. In this variant, the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises a first adjustable valve device, by means of which the fluid inlet of the thermochemical reactor is optionally connectable to the fluid outlet of the first or second heat reservoir. Likewise, the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises a second adjustable valve device, by means of which the fluid outlet of the thermochemical reactor is optionally connectable to the fluid inlet of the first or second heat reservoir.

Suitably, the heat buffer is fluidly connected in parallel to the second valve device, so that the fluid inlet of the first heat reservoir communicates fluidically with the first part of memory and the fluid inlet of the second heat reservoir fluidly communicates with the second part of memory.

In an advantageous development, the first valve device and the second valve device each comprise a 3/2-way switching valve. Particularly advantageously, the third and the fourth valve device are designed as 3/2-way switching valves. In a further advantageous development, the third and the fourth 3/2-way valve are each designed as self-switching valves, which are placed in the correct position due to the applied pressure differences or flow directions. This measure makes a functional coupling with the control / regulating device superfluous and thus simplifies the technical structure of the arrangement.

The invention further relates to a method for operating a, preferably previously presented, arrangement with a heat transfer fluid circuit in which a thermochemical reactor, two heat reservoirs of different temperature and a heat buffer are arranged and fluidly connected to each other by means of a heat transfer fluid circulation.

The heat buffer used for carrying out the method according to the invention has two thermal and fluidly separate partial reservoirs, in which a heat carrier fluid circulating in the heat carrier fluid circuit can be received thermally and fluidically separated from one another. According to the method according to the invention is carried out for carrying out a temperature change of the thermochemical reactor from a low to a higher temperature level in the first part of the heat storage buffer intermediately stored heat transfer fluid and fed bypassing the first heat reservoir to the thermochemical reactor, whereby this is heated. At the same time initially cool, but increasingly warmer heat transfer fluid is removed from the thermochemical reactor and introduced into the second partial storage of the intermediate heat storage.

In order to carry out a temperature change of the thermochemical reactor from a high to a lower temperature level, the second part of FIG. Memory of the intermediate heat storage cached increasingly cool heat transfer fluid removed and fed to the thermochemical reactor bypassing the second heat reservoir, whereby it is cooled. At the same time initially warm but increasingly cooler heat transfer fluid is removed from the thermochemical reactor and introduced into the first part of the heat accumulator memory.

In the method explained above, a high proportion of the heat converted during the temperature change can be temporarily stored and recovered.

Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawing and from the associated description of the figures with reference to the drawing.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail in the following description, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components.

It show, each schematically: 1 to 4 an arrangement according to the invention in different operating states,

5 shows the structure of the inventive heat buffer of the arrangement of Figures 1 to 4 in a detailed view,

6 shows a first variant of the heat buffer of FIG. 5, FIG.

7 shows a second variant of the heat buffer of FIG. 5.

FIG. 1 shows an example of an arrangement 1 according to the invention, in particular a chiller or a heat pump. The arrangement 1 comprises a first heat reservoir 2a having a first temperature Ti and a second heat reservoir 2b having a second temperature T ₂ . Furthermore, the arrangement 1 comprises a thermochemical reactor 5, which is thermally and fluidically connectable or connected to the two heat reservoirs 2a, 2b. For this purpose, the arrangement 1 comprises a heat transfer fluid circuit 3, in which a heat transfer fluid F for transporting heat between the two heat reservoirs 2a, 2b and the thermochemical reactor 5 is arranged.

By "thermochemical reactor" is meant in the present case a device in which conversion processes by supplying and removing heat - known to the person skilled in the art as heat of reaction, sorption heat or phase change heat - are brought to expiration at different temperatures Ti, T _2. The thermochemical reactor 5 can in the figures only schematically illustrated container 15, in which run thermochemical reactions, with a heat transfer structure for the supply and removal of the heat of reaction include. The first temperature Ti has a greater value than the second temperature T ₂ , ie the first heat reservoir 2a acts as a heat source, from which heat can be transferred to the thermochemical reactor 5 by means of the heat transfer fluid F. By contrast, the second heat reservoir 2b acts as a heat sink, to which heat can be transferred from the thermochemical reactor 5 by means of the heat transfer fluid F.

Furthermore, in the heat transfer fluid circuit 3, a heat buffer 100 for temporarily storing the heat transfer fluid F is present. The heat buffer 100 allows a temperature change of the thermochemical reactor 5 from the temperature Ji to the temperature T ₂ and vice versa with very low energy losses.

The construction of the heat buffer 100 is shown in FIG. 5 in a schematic detail. According to FIG. 5, the heat buffer 100 has a first partial storage 01a with a variable storage volume 102a and, thermally and fluidly separated therefrom, a second partial storage 101b with a variable storage volume 102b. The volume-variable first partial memory 101 a of the heat buffer 100 is designed to be complementary to the volume-variable second partial memory 101 b, so that the total volume formed by the two partial memories 101 a, 101 b is always constant.

The heat buffer 100 may also be referred to as a sensitive short-term heat storage, regenerator or temperature changer and represents a component of the arrangement 1 essential to the invention, which makes a temperature change in the thermochemical reactor 5 with low energy losses possible in the first place. The heat buffer 100 is designed to simultaneously receive and dispense a first and a second fluid mass of the heat transfer fluid F with a differently layered temperature profile. The heat buffer 100 is further adapted to simultaneously receive and dispense the first and second fluid masses of the heat transfer fluid F, the two fluid masses having different temperature stratifications qualitatively marked with different degrees of gray. The darker the gray level, the higher the local temperature level.

The functional principle of the heat buffer 100 is based on a thermally insulated fluid container with end-side openings and large length / cross-sectional ratio within which an insulating displaceable separating body 106 is arranged, as shown schematically in Figure 5.

In the example scenario of FIG. 5, the heat buffer 100 is realized as a container 103. This container 103 comprises a housing 104. The housing 104 defines an interior space 107 in which a separating element 106 is movably arranged, which thermally and fluidically isolates the two partial reservoirs 101 a, 101 b from one another. The partition member 106 divides the inner space 107 into a volume-variable first partial accumulator 101 a and a thermally and fluidly isolated from the first partial accumulator 101 a, also volume-variable second partial storage 101 b. Advantageously, the housing wall 104 of the heat buffer 100 is formed so that it has even a small thermal mass and is designed to be insulated from the environment.

As the figures show, the thermochemical reactor 5 and the heat buffer 100 each have separate containers 15 and 103, respectively. As can be seen in FIG. 5, a first passage 108a for introducing and removing the heat transfer fluid F with the temperature into the first partial storage 101a or from the first partial storage 101a is present in the housing 104. Furthermore, in the housing 04, a second passage 108 b for introducing and removing the heat transfer fluid F with the temperature T ₂ in the second partial memory 101 b and from the second partial memory 101 b available.

The housing 104 is formed as a tubular body 105 which extends in a straight line along an axial direction A. The separating element 106 is located to form the two volume-variable partial storage 101 a, 101 b along the axial direction A movable on the inner side 1 12 a peripheral wall 1 1 1 of the tubular body 105 at. The first passage 108a is disposed at a first longitudinal end 109a. The second passage 108b is disposed at a second longitudinal end 109b opposite the first longitudinal end 109a.

At the first passage of the intermediate heat storage device, a first sensor element 1 10a is provided, by means of which it is possible to determine whether the separating element 106 is in a first end position in which it has a minimum distance to the first passage 108a. In an analogous manner, a second sensor element 110b is provided on the second passage 108b, by means of which it is possible to determine whether the separating element 106 is in a second end position in which it has a minimum distance to the second passage 108b.

As illustrated in Figure 3, partition member of the heat buffer can at the far left, ie at the first passage 108a arranged 106 100 may be filled with a temperature-stratified fluid column of the heat transfer fluid F, wherein the signal at the separating element temperature level corresponding to about the temperature T ₂ and applied to the outlet 108b temperature level comes close to the temperature Ti. First hot, but always cooler The heat transfer fluid F flowing in from the left via the first passage 108a can shift the separating element 106 to the right towards the second passage 108b, whereby the heat buffer 100 is filled with a temperature-layered liquid column of the heat transfer fluid F, wherein the partition member fitting temperature level corresponding to about the temperature T and the zoom ranges applied temperature level close to the temperature T ₂ at the outlet 108a .. at the same time, the 108b from the temperature Ti to temperature _T2 layered liquid column through the second passage therethrough pushed to the right until the Separator 106 is located at the second passage 108b and the temperature-layered liquid column of the heat transfer fluid F has been completely replaced.

The temperature profiles of the liquid columns of the heat transfer fluid F deposited in the partial stores of the intermediate heat store cause hot heat transfer fluid to be expelled when the temperature-layered liquid column expels from the second partial store, but then becomes cooler. Thus, this partial storage can serve for the sliding cooling of a thermochemical reactor 5, as can be seen in FIG.

Complementarily, in a pushing out of the temperature-layered liquid column from the first part of memory first cool, but then getting warmer expectant heat transfer fluid is ejected. Thus, this partial storage can serve for the sliding heating of a thermochemical reactor 5, as can be seen in FIG. Referring now again to FIG. 1, it can be seen that in the heat carrier fluid circuit 4, a delivery device 8 for driving the heat transfer fluid F is provided.

In the heat transfer fluid circuit 3 is further provided in the valve system 9, which comprises four adjustable valve means, namely a first adjustable valve means 10a, a second adjustable valve means 10b, a third adjustable valve means 10c and a fourth adjustable valve means 10d. By means of the four valve devices 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d heat transfer between the two heat reservoirs 2a, 2b, the thermochemical reactor 5 and the heat buffer 100 can be adjusted and thus controlled. For controlling the valve devices 10a, 10b of the valve system 9, a control / regulation device 4 is provided, which cooperates with the valve devices 10a, 10b.

The first and the second heat reservoir 2a, 2b and the thermochemical reactor 5 have for introducing and for discharging the heat transfer fluid F in each case a fluid inlet 1 1 a, 1 1 b, 1 1 c and a fluid outlet 12a, 12b, 12c.

By means of the first adjustable valve device 10a, the fluid inlet 11b of the thermochemical reactor 5 can optionally be connected to the fluid outlet 12a, 12c of the first or second heat reservoir 2a, 2b. By means of the second adjustable valve device 10b, the fluid outlet 12b of the thermochemical reactor 5 can optionally be connected to the fluid inlet 11a, 11c of the first or second heat reservoir 2a, 2b. By means of the third adjustable valve device 10c, the first partial reservoir 101a can be connected either via the first heat reservoir 2a or directly to the first valve device 10a. By means of the fourth valve device 10d, the second partial reservoir 101b can be connected either via the second heat reservoir 2b or directly to the first valve device 10a. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the third valve device 10c is connected directly to the first valve device 10a by means of a first fluid line 6a. Likewise, the fourth valve device 10d is fluidically connected directly to the first valve device 10a by means of a second fluid line 6b. The first fluid line 6a is realized as a bypass line of the first heat reservoir 2a. The second fluid line 6b is realized as a bypass line of the second heat reservoir 2b.

As can be seen further from FIG. 1, the heat buffer 100 is connected fluidically parallel to the second valve device 10b, so that the fluid inlet 11a of the first heat reservoir 2a communicates fluidically with the first partial reservoir 101a and the fluid inlet 11c of the second heat reservoir 2b fluidly with communicates with the second partial memory.

The four valve devices 10a-0d are each designed as 3/2-way switching valves 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d. Preferably, the third and fourth 3/2-way valve is designed as a self-switching valves.

In the following, a complete thermal cycle of the thermochemical reactor 5 will now be explained, in which the thermochemical reactor 5 between a first state with temperature Ti of the first heat reservoir 2a and a second state with temperature T _{2 of} the second heat reservoir 2b and back into the Switched initial state.

From the control / regulation device 4, the valve devices 10a, 10b of the valve system 9 can be adjusted to an operating state, which is shown schematically in FIG. This operating state can be referred to as "heat removal mode." In this operating state, the first partial memory 101 a has a maximum volume and the second partial memory 101 b has a minimum volume. Lumen, ie, the first partial memory 101a of the heat buffer 100 is filled with heat transfer fluid F, which has a rising from left to right temperature stratification to near the temperature Ti. The second partial memory 101 b, however, is empty. In this operating state, the heat transfer fluid circuit 3 forms a first partial circuit 14a, in which the heat transfer fluid F circulates between the thermochemical reactor 5 and the second heat reservoir 2b. In this operating state, the heat transfer fluid F transfers heat from the thermochemical reactor 5 into the second heat reservoir 2b, ie, heat of reaction is removed from the thermochemical reactor 5 near the temperature level T ₂ . In this operating state, the first valve device 10a and the second valve device 10b respectively fluidly connect the second heat reservoir 2b with the thermochemical storage 5. The third and the fourth valve device 10c, 10d are not flowed through in this operating mode, so their positions are not relevant, that is arbitrary could be.

In the course of the thermal cycling, the thermochemical reactor 5 is now switched to a state with temperature Ti of the first heat reservoir 2a, whereby a temperature change is performed in order to substantially heat the thermal masses. For this purpose, the four valve devices 10a to 10d are initially adjusted by the control / regulation device 4 into an operating state shown in FIG. In the operating state shown in FIG. 2, the four valve devices 10a to 10d are set such that the heat carrier fluid F is transported from the first partial reservoir 101a of the heat buffer 100 into the thermochemical reactor 5. Furthermore, heat transfer fluid F is transported from the thermochemical reactor 5 into the second partial storage 101 b.

For this purpose, the first valve device 10a and the third valve device 10c connect the thermochemical storage 5, bypassing the first heat recovery device. voirs 2a fluidly directly with the first partial memory 101 a. The second and fourth valve devices 0b, 10d connect the thermochemical reactor 5 fluidically to the second partial reservoir 10b.

In this operating state, the temperature-layered heat transfer fluid F of the first partial reservoir 101 a of the heat buffer 100 is supplied via the line 6 a to the thermochemical reactor 5, whereby it is heated to near the limit temperature Ti. In return, the second part of memory 101 b is filled with heat transfer fluid F with increasing temperature, whereby the liquid column stored there receives a temperature stratification whose temperature increases from left to right in the temperature limits between T ₂ and TT. The variable storage volume 102a of the first partial memory 101a decreases by movement of the separating element 106, the variable storage volume 102b of the second partial memory 101b increases at the same time. In this operating condition, the temperature of the thermochemical reactor increases from T ₂ to T 1

As soon as the heat transfer fluid F temporarily stored in the first partial storage 101 a of the intermediate heat storage 100 is completely removed from the intermediate heat storage 100, the separation element 106 is in the above-mentioned first end position, which can be detected by the control / regulation device 4 by means of the first sensor element 110a ,

2 may also be referred to as a "heating mode." In this operating condition, increasingly hotter fluid is supplied from the heat buffer 100 to the thermochemical storage 100, thereby storing it with stored heat from the lower temperature level near the temperature T ₂ to the upper temperature level , is brought close to the temperature Ti. Subsequently, the two valve devices 10a, 10b are switched by the control / regulation device 4 into an operating state, which is shown schematically in FIG.

In the operating state shown schematically in FIG. 3, the heat carrier fluid circuit 3 forms a second partial circuit 14b, in which the heat carrier fluid F circulates between the thermochemical reactor 5 and the first heat reservoir 2a. In this way, heat is transported from the first heat reservoir 2a to the thermochemical reactor 5.

For this purpose, the first valve means 0a and the second valve means 10b respectively fluidly connect the first heat reservoir 2a with the thermochemical reactor 5. The third and the fourth valve means 10c, 10d are not flowed through in this operating mode, so their positions are not relevant, so may be arbitrary ,

In this operating state, heat of reaction near the temperature Ti is transferred from the first heat reservoir 2a to the thermochemical reactor 5. In this operating state, the second partial memory 101b has a maximum volume and the first partial memory 101a has a minimum volume, i. the second part of memory 101 b of the heat buffer 100 is filled with heat transfer fluid F, which has a rising from left to right temperature stratification to near the temperature T. By contrast, the first partial memory 101 a is empty. The operating state shown in FIG. 3 may be referred to as "heat supply mode".

Subsequently, the valve devices 10a, 0b, 10c, 10d are adjusted by the control / regulation device 4 into an operating state shown in FIG. 4, the valve devices 10a to 10d are set in such a way that the heat transfer fluid F stored in the second partial reservoir 101b is transported into the thermochemical reactor 5 bypassing the second heat reservoir 2b Heat transfer fluid F is transported from the thermochemical reactor 5 into the first partial reservoir 101a of the intermediate heat storage device 100. In the operating state according to Figure 4, the first valve device 10a and the fourth valve device 10d connect the thermochemical reservoir 5 fluidically, directly bypassing the second heat reservoir 2b, with the second partial reservoir 101b The second valve device 10b and the third valve device 10c connect the thermochemical storage 5 fluidically directly to the first partial reservoir 101a.

As soon as the temperature-layered heat transfer fluid F temporarily stored in the second partial storage 101b of the intermediate heat storage 100 is completely removed from the intermediate heat storage 100, the separation element 106 is in the aforementioned second end position, which is detected by the control / regulation device 4 with the aid of the second sensor element 110b can be. In this state, the first partial reservoir 101a is completely filled with the heat transfer fluid F (see Fig. 1). From the control / regulation device 4, the valve devices 10a to 10c are switched back to the operating state shown in FIG. 1 and a complete switching cycle of the thermochemical reactor 5 is completed.

FIG. 6 shows a development of the container 103 of FIG. 5. In the container 103 of FIG. 6, a helical structure 113 is arranged in the interior 107 of the housing 104. This helical structure 1 13 gives the interior 107 the geometry of a fluid channel 1 14 with helical geometry. Of the Fluid channel 1 14 is limited by the helical structure 1 13 and the housing 104, in particular of its peripheral wall 1 1 1. The helical structure 103 may be formed as an insert 1 15 arranged in the interior space. The helical structure 1 13 may comprise at least ten turns 16, preferably even at least 20 turns. The separating element 106 is adjustable along the helical fluid channel 1 14. That is, the geometric shape of the partition member 106 is selected such that it is in the interior 107 along the fluid channel 1 14, which is bounded by the peripheral wall 1 1 1 and the helical structure 1 13, adjustable.

FIG. 7 shows a further variant of the example of FIG. 5, in which the container 103 is realized as a tube-like body 117, which extends along an extension direction E, at least in sections, non-rectilinearly. In this variant, the partition member 106 for forming the two volume-variable partial storage 101a, 101b along the direction of extension E movable on the inner side of the peripheral wall 1 1 1 1 1 1 of the tubular body 1 17 at. This variant allows a spatially particularly compact arrangement of the container 103. Preferably, a length along the extension direction E of the housing 104 or of the tubular body 1 17 is at least twenty times, preferably at least fifty times, a transverse direction Q measured transversely to the extension direction E.

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Claims

claims 1. arrangement (1), in particular chiller or heat pump,  with a first heat reservoir (2a) acting as a heat source and with a second heat reservoir (2b) acting as a heat sink,  with a thermochemical reactor (5) which can be connected or connected thermally and fluidically to the heat reservoirs (2a, 2b), preferably an adsorption refrigerating machine or an adsorption heat pump,  with a heat transfer fluid circuit (3), in which a heat transfer fluid (F) for transporting heat is arranged between the two heat reservoirs (2a, 2b) and the thermochemical reactor (5),  with a heat buffer store (100) arranged in the heat transfer fluid circuit (3) for temporarily storing the heat transfer fluid (F),  wherein the heat buffer for receiving and delivering temperature-layered heat transfer fluid masses a first partial storage (101 a) with variable storage volume (102 a) and thermally and fluidly separated therefrom a second partial storage (101 b) with variable storage volume (102 b),  with a conveying device (8) present in the heat transfer fluid circuit (3) for driving the heat transfer fluid (F) in the heat transfer fluid circuit (3), with a valve system (9) present in the heat transfer fluid circuit (3), the valve system (9) comprising: an adjustable first valve device (10b), by means of which a fluid inlet (11 b) of the thermochemical reactor (5) is optionally connected to the fluid outlet An adjustable second valve device (10a), by means of which a fluid outlet (12b) of the thermochemical accumulator (5) can be connected optionally to the fluid inlet (1) of the first or second heat reservoir (2a, 2b) 1a, 1 1 c) of the first or second heat reservoir (2a, 2b) is connectable,  an adjustable third valve device (10c), by means of which the first partial reservoir (101a) can be connected either via the first heat reservoir (2a) or directly to the first valve device (10a),  an adjustable fourth valve device (10d), by means of which the second partial reservoir (101b) can be connected optionally via the second heat reservoir (2b) or directly to the first valve device (10a),  a control / regulating device (4) which is set up to control at least two of the valve devices (10a-10d) of the valve system (9). 2. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,  characterized in that  the heat buffer (100) is connected in fluidic parallel to the second valve device (10b), so that the fluid inlet (11a) of the first heat reservoir communicates fluidically with the first partial reservoir (101a) and the fluid inlet (11c) of the second heat reservoir (2b ) communicates fluidically with the second partial reservoir (101 b). 3. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,  characterized in that the first valve device (10a) and / or the second valve device (10b) and / or the third valve device (10c) and / or the fourth valve device tion (1 Od) each comprise a 3/2-way switching valve (13a, 13b, 13c, 13d). 4. Arrangement according to claim 3,  characterized in that  at least one 3/2-way valve (13a, 13b, 13c, 13d) is designed as a self-switching valve. 5. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,  characterized in that  the heat buffer (100) is designed to simultaneously receive and dispense a first and a second fluid mass of the heat transfer fluid (F), wherein the two fluid masses have different temperature stratifications between the temperature levels ΟΊ, T ₂ ). 6. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,  characterized in that  the volume-variable first partial memory (101a) is designed to be complementary to the volume-variable second partial memory (102b), so that the total volume formed by the two partial memories (101a, 101b) is constant. 7. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,  characterized in that  the heat buffer (100) is designed as a container (103), wherein the container (103) comprises: a housing (104), in the interior of which (107) movably a separating element (106) is arranged, which the interior (107) in a variable-volume first partial memory (101 a) and a thermally from the first part Memory (101 a) isolated, also volume-variable second partial memory (101 b) divided,  a first passage (108a) provided in the housing (104) for introducing and removing a heat carrier fluid (F) with a first temperature stratification into and out of the first part store (101a),  a second passage (108b) provided in the housing (104) for introducing and removing the heat carrier fluid (F) with a second temperature stratification into and out of the second partial store (101b),  wherein the volume-variable first partial memory (101 a) is complementary to the volume-variable second partial memory (101 b), so that the total volume formed by the two partial memories (101 a, 101 b) is constant. 8. Arrangement according to claim 7,  characterized in that  the housing (104) is elongated,  wherein the first passage (108a) is disposed at a first longitudinal end (109a) and the second passage (108b) is disposed at a second longitudinal end (109b) opposite the first longitudinal end (109a). 9. Arrangement according to claim 7 or 8,  characterized in that  the housing (104) is formed as a tubular body (105) extending substantially in a straight line along an axial direction (A),  wherein the separating element (106) for forming the two volume-variable partial storage (101 a, 101 b) along the axial direction (A) movable on the inside (112) of a peripheral wall (1 1 1) of the tubular body (105). 10. Arrangement according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that  a first sensor element (10a) is provided on the first passage (108a), by means of which it is possible to determine whether the separating element (106) is in a first end position in which the separating element (06) has a minimum distance to the first passage (108a) , and / or that  on the second passage, a second sensor element (1 10b) is provided, by means of which it is possible to determine whether the separating element (106) is in a second end position, in which the separating element (106) has a minimum distance to the second passage. 1 1. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,  characterized in that  from the control / regulating device (4) in the adjustable valve means (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d) of the valve system (9) an operating state is adjustable, in which the heat transfer fluid circuit (3) forms a first partial circuit (14a), and in which the heat transfer fluid (F) is circulated between the thermochemical reactor (5) and the second heat reservoir (2b) so that heat is transferred from the thermochemical reactor (5) into the second heat reservoir (2b). 12. Arrangement according to claim 9,  characterized in that  in this operating state, the first valve device (10a) and the second valve device (10b) each fluidically connect the second heat reservoir (2a) with the thermochemical reactor (5). 13. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the at least one adjustable valve device (10a, 10b) of the valve system (9) an operating state is adjustable by the control / regulating device (4), in which the heat carrier fluid circuit (3) forms a second partial circuit (14b), in which the heat carrier fluid ( F) is circulated between the thermochemical reactor (5) and the first heat reservoir (2a), so that heat is transferred from the first heat reservoir (2a) into the thermochemical reactor (5). 14. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,  characterized in that  in this operating state, the first valve device (10a) and the second valve device (10b) each fluidically connect the first heat reservoir (2a) with the thermochemical reactor (5). 15. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,  characterized in that  from the control / regulating device (4) in the adjustable valve devices (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d) of the valve system (9) an operating state is adjustable, wherein by means of the heat transfer fluid (F):  Heat transfer fluid (F) from the first part of memory (101 a) in the thermochemical reactor (5) is transported, and  Heat transfer fluid (F) from the thermochemical reactor (5) in the second part of memory (101 b) is transported. 16. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,  characterized in that in this operating state: the first valve device (10a) and the third valve device (10c) connect the thermochemical reactor (5), bypassing the first heat reservoir (2a), fluidically directly to the first partial reservoir (101a),  the second and the fourth valve device (10b, 10d) fluidly connect the thermochemical reactor (5) with the second partial reservoir (101b). 17. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,  characterized in that  from the control / regulating device (4) in the at least one adjustable valve device (10a, 10b) of the valve system (9) an operating state is adjustable, wherein by means of the heat transfer fluid (F):  Heat transfer fluid (F) is transported into the thermochemical reactor (5) bypassing the second heat reservoir (2b),  Heat transfer fluid (F) from the thermochemical reactor (5) in the first part of memory (101 a) is transported. 18. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,  characterized in that  in this operating state:  the first valve device (10a) and the third valve device (10c) connect the thermochemical reservoir (5), bypassing the second heat reservoir (2b), fluidically directly to the second reservoir (101b), the second valve device (10b) and the fourth valve device (10) 10d) connect the thermochemical store (5) fluidically directly with the first partial store (101 a). the first valve device (10a) and the fourth valve device (10d) fluidly connect the thermochemical reactor (5) bypassing the second heat reservoir (2a) directly to the second partial reservoir (101a), the second and third valve means (10b, 10c) fluidly connect the thermochemical reactor (5) to the first partial reservoir (101b).  *****