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WO2018032374A1 - Système de mémorisation chiffrée pour chaîne de blocs, et procédé utilisant ce système - Google Patents

Système de mémorisation chiffrée pour chaîne de blocs, et procédé utilisant ce système Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018032374A1
WO2018032374A1 PCT/CN2016/095578 CN2016095578W WO2018032374A1 WO 2018032374 A1 WO2018032374 A1 WO 2018032374A1 CN 2016095578 W CN2016095578 W CN 2016095578W WO 2018032374 A1 WO2018032374 A1 WO 2018032374A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
file
key
storage system
user
encrypted storage
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2016/095578
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张丛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Fanxi Eelectronics Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Fanxi Eelectronics Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2018032374A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018032374A1/fr
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Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/602—Providing cryptographic facilities or services
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G06F21/6218—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a system of files or objects, e.g. local or distributed file system or database
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/64—Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the transaction data security problem of a blockchain, in particular to an encrypted storage system of a blockchain and a using method thereof.
  • blockchain is a secure account book database, composed of data blocks, users can constantly update and upgrade here.
  • the platform looks for data.
  • the blockchain can speed up transaction processing, reduce costs, reduce middlemen, improve market insight, and increase business transparency.
  • Computing and storage are the two basic tasks of computer systems. With the explosive growth of information, storage components will experience direct storage based on single-server, to cluster-based grid storage based on LAN, and finally to WAN-based data grids.
  • Blockchain technology is the most extreme development at present. The intrinsic characteristics of this data storage medium include intelligent storage. The quality of storage service can guarantee service differentiation and performance guarantee for user applications.
  • Storage is object-oriented mass storage, and Network storage must be confidential and complete.
  • the existing Internet does not have a good or convenient way to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, availability, and data of the data stored in the blockchain and the data stored on the storage device. Non-repudiation and the reliability of the entire network storage system, especially the generation of trusted computing technology in blockchain in recent years, puts higher demands on network storage security.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an encrypted storage system for a blockchain, comprising: (1) a file group S, which is composed of files having the same access attribute and at different levels, for reducing key exchange between users. Volume, distinguish between file read and write, effectively handle the revocation of user access rights, let an untrusted server authorization file to write operations; (2) open file system, embedded in the blockchain encryption storage system prototype, including The right database, the authentication database of the open file system and the file group key of the encrypted storage system itself are formed in the same programming manner; (3) the lock box device includes multiple key distribution schemes, and the user uses more client-based One of the key distribution schemes to customize the security policy and authentication mechanism for its own files.
  • the number of key exchanges and the number of key exchanges between the file owner and the user is reduced by the key rotation management key, but at the same time the obligation of the file owner to initially distribute the key is not released.
  • the open file system defines the basic structure of the first level directory, so that the user can transparently access the file by using the same directory address anywhere.
  • the access process is to input the "login user name" command, input After the correct password, you can get the token verification code. You can use the check command to check whether the token verification code is correctly obtained. If you modify the personal access password, use the keyword + username to change the keyword and transaction. Relevant, including the transaction information digest, must be used when the user leaves the open file system.
  • the token verification code is time-sensitive and automatically expires after 24 hours from the login. If it is necessary to obtain a new token verification code, the login information needs to be entered again.
  • all data encryption in the file group S is encrypted by a disk, and key management is performed by the client.
  • the plurality of key distribution schemes are differentiated according to the ratio of security and performance ratio values, and the lock box device has multiple keys.
  • the blockchain encryption storage system uses the public key cryptography as the security key of the access right.
  • a file group contains several files belonging to the same file owner and belonging to the same group of lock boxes.
  • the owner of the file group immediately distributes the lock box key to the user after creating the lock box, and calculates a hash tree for each file, and signs and puts the root Enter the file header; (3) the encrypted storage system uses an asymmetric file verification key or uses the file signing key protocol to distinguish between read and write users, these keys are used to sign or verify the hash value of the file block content, thereby Provide proof of file integrity; (4) When requesting a file, the server will pass the encrypted lock box and the encrypted file block to the user, and then the user uses the lock box key to open the lock box and use the lock box The corresponding key decrypts the file block.
  • the method further includes the following steps: for the unified file group, the file owner generates a new key by using the original lock box key, and when the user accesses the file, if the new lock box key is not available, the new key is obtained from the owner. If the lockbox key is not the latest user, you must calculate the original key yourself.
  • the method further includes: the blockchain encryption storage system uses two types of keys, a file signature key and a file verification key, to distinguish between read and write permissions of the file, and when the user reads or writes the file, the file is used.
  • the signature key and the file verification key verify the digital signature and the hash value of the file. If the verification fails, the user believes that the file was illegally modified.
  • the encrypted storage system of the present invention and the method of using the same, the key management right is placed on the client rather than a trusted server, which prevents the problem of insufficient server-side capacity caused by expensive cryptographic operations, and at the same time, relies on the file group. Limiting the number of keys, files with the same access attribute are protected by the same key in the same file group, making it possible to access files when the file owner is offline, thus avoiding the need to access each file. The trouble of contacting the file owner.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain encryption storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the essence of a transaction is a relational data structure that contains information about the value transfer of the trading participants. These transaction information is called the accounting ledger.
  • the transaction needs to go through three creation, verification, and writing blockchains. The transaction must be digitally signed to ensure the legality of the transaction.
  • Block All transaction information is stored in the block, and a transaction information is a record, which is stored as a separate record in the blockchain.
  • the block consists of a block header and a data part.
  • the block header field contains various characteristics of the block itself, such as the previous block information, the merkle value, and the timestamp.
  • the block header hash value and block height are the two most important indicators for identifying the block.
  • the block primary identifier is its cryptographic hash value, a digital fingerprint obtained by performing a second hash calculation on the block header by the SHA algorithm.
  • the resulting 32-byte hash value is called the block hash value, or the block header hash value, and only the block header is used for calculation.
  • the block hash value can uniquely and unambiguously identify a block, and any node can independently obtain the block hash value by simply hashing the block header.
  • Blockchain A data structure in which blocks are chained in an orderly fashion.
  • a blockchain is like a vertical stack, with the first block being the first block at the bottom of the stack, and each block is then placed on top of the other blocks.
  • a block When a block is written to a blockchain, it will never change and is backed up to another blockchain server.
  • an encrypted storage system for a blockchain does not affect the secure data sharing of a blockchain node even if it does not trust the server.
  • This embodiment uses cryptography to protect shared files. It is characterized by providing a single user with direct and extensible key management while maintaining direct control over the user accessing the data, and using the file group S in the encrypted storage system to reduce The amount of key exchange between users, distinguishes between file read and write, effectively handles the revocation of user access rights, and allows an untrusted server authorization file.
  • a file group is a strict collection of files with the same access attributes. Regardless of the hierarchy, managing keys by key rotation helps reduce the number and number of key exchanges between the file owner and the user, but At the same time, the obligation of the file owner to initially distribute the key is not removed.
  • the file system specifies the basic structure of the first-level directory, enabling users to transparently access their files using the same directory address from anywhere. The process of entering is to enter the "login user name" command, and after entering the correct password, The token verification code can be obtained.
  • the user can check again whether the token verification code is correctly obtained by using the check command. If the personal access password is modified, the command of "keyword + user name" must be used to change the keyword, including the transaction information. Abstract, when the user leaves the open file system The logout command must be used. In addition, for security reasons, the token verification code is time-sensitive. It automatically expires 24 hours after login. If you need to obtain a new token verification code, you need to type the login information again to prevent system phishing.
  • the primary goal of the lockbox approach is to provide highly scalable key management while giving file owners direct control over authorized access.
  • All data encryption uses disk encryption, and key management is performed by the client to alleviate server-side stress.
  • the user uses one of a plurality of client-based key distribution schemes to customize security policies and authentication mechanisms for their own files, where each allocation scheme is differentiated according to the ratio of security and performance ratios, and the lock box scheme has Multiple keys.
  • each allocation scheme is differentiated according to the ratio of security and performance ratios, and the lock box scheme has Multiple keys.
  • the file is divided into blocks and encrypted in blocks.
  • the block key is placed in the lock box.
  • a file group contains several files belonging to the same file owner.
  • the lock boxes belonging to the same group have the same lock box key and The signature key, the owner of the file group distributes the lock box key to the user once the lock box is created, and computes a hash tree for each file, signs the root and places it in the file header.
  • the blockchain encryption storage system uses asymmetric file verification keys or uses a file signing key protocol to distinguish between read and write users. These keys are used to sign Or verify the hash value of the contents of the file block to provide proof of the integrity of the file.
  • the server When requesting a file, the server passes the encrypted lock box and the encrypted file block to the user, who then uses the lock box key to open the lock box and decrypt the file block using the corresponding key in the lock box.
  • the blockchain encryption storage system of this embodiment uses the public key cryptography as the security key of the access right, and prevents the problem that the re-encryption box key management is overburdened.
  • the file owner uses the original lock box key to generate a new key.
  • the new lock box key is not available, the new key is obtained from the owner. If the lock box key is not up to date
  • the user needs to calculate the original key by himself. Of course, the user needs to know enough information to calculate the original key. Only the owner of the file can generate the new key in order, and the user can use the current key to generate the previous key. , only produces the immediate, can not produce all.
  • the blockchain encryption storage system of this embodiment does not trust the file server, and therefore does not rely on the server to distinguish the read and write permissions of the file, but uses two types of keys: a file signature key and a file verification key.
  • the read and write permissions of the file are differentiated. When the user reads or writes the file, these keys are used to verify the digital signature and the hash value of the file. If the verification fails, the user believes that the file has been illegally modified.
  • the measurement results using the embodiment show that the security and scalability of the encrypted storage system are strong compared with the blockchain of all network communication systems, and the time-to-case ratio of the cryptographic operation is tested for reading and writing of a single file.
  • Ordinary encrypted storage systems are 40% faster.
  • Putting key management rights on the client instead of a trusted server prevents the problem of insufficient server-side capacity caused by expensive cryptographic operations. It mainly relies on file groups to limit the number of keys. Files with the same access attribute are protected by the same key in the same file group, which makes it possible to access files when the file owner is offline, thus avoiding access. Each file needs to be contacted by the owner of the file.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Bioethics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Storage Device Security (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de mémorisation chiffrée pour une chaîne de blocs, comprenant : (1) un groupe de fichiers (S) servant à réduire les quantités d'échanges de clés entre des utilisateurs, différencier la lecture et l'écriture de fichiers, traiter et retirer efficacement des droits d'accès des utilisateurs, et permettre à un serveur non sécurisé d'autoriser une opération d'écriture pour un fichier; (2) un système de fichiers ouvert, utilisé pour incorporer un prototype de système de mémorisation chiffrée de la chaîne de blocs et incluant une base de données d'authentification; et (3) un dispositif de verrouillage de boîte comportant une pluralité de systèmes de distribution de clés. Un utilisateur personnalise des stratégies de sécurité et des mécanismes d'authentification pour des fichiers qui lui appartiennent, au moyen d'un système d'une pluralité de systèmes de distribution de clés basés sur un client. L'invention concerne également un procédé d'utilisation du système de mémorisation chiffrée pour une chaîne de blocs. Selon la présente invention, le problème de l'éventuelle insuffisance de la capacité de serveurs dû à un calcul de chiffrement onéreux peut être résolu, il est possible d'accéder à des fichiers lorsque des détenteurs de fichiers sont hors ligne, et, en conséquence, quand l'accès à chaque fichier est nécessaire, il n'est pas utile de se donner la peine d'entrer en contact avec le détenteur de fichier correspondant.
PCT/CN2016/095578 2016-08-13 2016-08-16 Système de mémorisation chiffrée pour chaîne de blocs, et procédé utilisant ce système Ceased WO2018032374A1 (fr)

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CN201610670777.8 2016-08-13
CN201610670777.8A CN106055993A (zh) 2016-08-13 2016-08-13 一种用于区块链的加密存储系统及其使用方法

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