WO2018020600A1 - 質量分析装置 - Google Patents
質量分析装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018020600A1 WO2018020600A1 PCT/JP2016/072002 JP2016072002W WO2018020600A1 WO 2018020600 A1 WO2018020600 A1 WO 2018020600A1 JP 2016072002 W JP2016072002 W JP 2016072002W WO 2018020600 A1 WO2018020600 A1 WO 2018020600A1
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- mass
- ions
- voltage
- charge ratio
- quadrupole
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/34—Dynamic spectrometers
- H01J49/40—Time-of-flight spectrometers
- H01J49/401—Time-of-flight spectrometers characterised by orthogonal acceleration, e.g. focusing or selecting the ions, pusher electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/34—Dynamic spectrometers
- H01J49/42—Stability-of-path spectrometers, e.g. monopole, quadrupole, multipole, farvitrons
- H01J49/4205—Device types
- H01J49/421—Mass filters, i.e. deviating unwanted ions without trapping
- H01J49/4215—Quadrupole mass filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/34—Dynamic spectrometers
- H01J49/42—Stability-of-path spectrometers, e.g. monopole, quadrupole, multipole, farvitrons
- H01J49/426—Methods for controlling ions
- H01J49/427—Ejection and selection methods
- H01J49/429—Scanning an electric parameter, e.g. voltage amplitude or frequency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mass spectrometer, and more specifically, an orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometer that periodically and repeatedly acquires ion intensity signals over a predetermined mass-to-charge ratio range for a sample introduced continuously. And the like.
- TOFMS time-of-flight mass spectrometer
- OA-TOFMS orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometer
- the OA-TOFMS is configured to accelerate ions in a pulse direction in a direction orthogonal to the initial introduction direction of the ion beam derived from the sample component, and thus ionizes the component contained in the continuously introduced sample.
- a combination with various ion sources for example, an atmospheric pressure ion source such as an electrospray ion source or an electron ion source is possible.
- an atmospheric pressure ion source such as an electrospray ion source or an electron ion source is possible.
- a quadrupole mass filter that selects ions having a specific mass-to-charge ratio from ions derived from sample components, and dissociates the selected ions by collision-induced dissociation.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer (hereinafter referred to as “LC-MS”) using a Q-TOF mass spectrometer as a detector.
- LC-MS liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer
- the Q-TOF mass spectrometer can perform MS / MS analysis and can repeatedly perform normal mass analysis with high mass resolution without ion dissociation in the collision cell.
- the front quadrupole mass filter functions as a kind of ion guide that converges ions and transports them to the subsequent stage without performing mass separation on the ions, and the collision cell does not perform collision-induced dissociation. It is common to let them pass almost through.
- FIGS. 7A and 7B are enlarged views in a frame E in the time-of-flight spectrum shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B.
- Most of the peaks observed in the time range of 0 to 15 [ ⁇ sec] in the time-of-flight spectrum where the measurement period is 100 [ ⁇ sec] are 100 to 115 [ ⁇ sec] on the time-of-flight spectrum if the measurement period is sufficiently long. It is a peak derived from ions with a high mass-to-charge ratio observed in the time range. In this way, if the measurement cycle is shortened, ions that are the object of measurement in the previous measurement cycle appear at different positions on the flight time spectrum, and an accurate flight time spectrum cannot be obtained. It was.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for identifying an ion-derived peak in a previous measurement cycle by comparing mass spectra obtained under different measurement cycles.
- the time-of-flight spectrum in which only the peak derived from the original ion is observed is removed from the time-of-flight spectrum in which the peaks derived from ions with a high mass-to-charge ratio in the previous measurement period are mixed.
- troublesome data processing is required, and in the first place, it is necessary to perform mass spectrometry twice for different samples at different measurement cycles, which takes time and labor for measurement.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its main object is to perform the previous mass analysis at a predetermined measurement cycle even if the measurement cycle is short. It is an object of the present invention to provide a mass spectrometer capable of preventing an ion having a high mass-to-charge ratio generated in a measurement cycle from being observed on a mass spectrum and obtaining an accurate mass spectrum.
- a mass spectrometer which has been made to solve the above problems, includes an ion source that ionizes sample components, a flight space in which ions fly, ions generated by the ion source, or the ions
- a time-of-flight mass spectrometer including an emission unit that gives predetermined energy to ions derived from the ion beam and emits the ion toward the flight space, and a detector that detects ions that have flown in the flight space.
- an ion transport unit comprising a multipole electrode provided between the ion source and the emission unit; b) Applying a voltage obtained by adding a high-frequency voltage and a DC voltage to the multipole electrode, and when ions pass through the space surrounded by the multipole electrode, the time of flight in the flight space
- a voltage generator that applies a voltage to the multipole electrode to form a multipole electric field that diverges ions in a range not less than a predetermined mass-to-charge ratio such that at least exceeds the predetermined measurement period; It is characterized by having.
- the ion transport section is, for example, a quadrupole mass filter in a Q-TOF type mass spectrometer. That is, the mass spectrometer according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a quadrupole mass filter that can selectively pass ions having a specific mass-to-charge ratio, the quadrupole mass filter, and the ejection. And a collision cell for dissociating ions provided between the ion filter and the quadrupole mass filter as the ion transport part.
- the mass spectrometer according to the first aspect of the present invention may further include an ion guide that converges ions by the action of a high-frequency electric field and sends the ions to a subsequent stage, and uses the ion guide as the ion transport unit. it can.
- ions having a specific mass-to-charge ratio are selectively passed through a quadrupole mass filter
- a voltage obtained by adding a DC voltage and a high-frequency voltage having a predetermined relationship is used as an electrode constituting the quadrupole mass filter.
- both ions with a mass to charge ratio slightly lower than the mass to charge ratio of ions to be passed and ions with a mass to charge ratio slightly higher than A DC voltage and a high-frequency voltage having a predetermined relationship that diverges (that is, does not pass through) are applied to the quadrupole electrode.
- the voltage generator generates ions in a range not less than a predetermined mass-to-charge ratio such that the time of flight in the time-of-flight mass analyzer exceeds at least the measurement cycle.
- a DC voltage and a high-frequency voltage having a predetermined relationship for forming a dipole electric field to be diverged are applied to the multipole electrode.
- the condition of the voltage applied to the multipole electrode is that all ions having a relatively small mass-to-charge ratio other than ions to be diverged pass as described above.
- the voltage condition under which certain ions pass stably through the interior space of the quadrupole mass filter is known as the Mathieu equation, and the q and a values that are parameters based on the Mathieu equation are It is represented by a substantially triangular stable region on the Matthew diagram taken along the axis and the vertical axis.
- the mass scan line is tilted so that it passes through a narrow range in the stable region near the top of the stable region that is approximately triangular. Determine.
- the mass scan line slope remains the same, that is, while maintaining the relationship between the high-frequency voltage and the DC voltage, Change.
- the mass scanning line is determined so as to have a gentle slope near the horizontal near the base farthest from the top of the stable region having a substantially triangular shape. Thereby, the mass scan line traverses a long region in the stable region. As a result, ions in a wide mass-to-charge ratio range will stably pass through the quadrupole mass filter.
- the slope of the mass scanning line is always constant, and the high-frequency voltage and DC voltage are set according to the target mass-to-charge ratio. Change each. Therefore, in the mass spectrometer according to the first aspect of the present invention, if the same control is performed, for example, a voltage generation unit that applies a voltage to an ion transport unit that is a quadrupole mass filter, and a control circuit that controls the voltage generation unit As a configuration, a general circuit in a conventional Q-TOF mass spectrometer can be used as it is.
- the stable region is passed through the origin on the Matthew diagram which takes the q value and the a value which are parameters based on the Matthew equation as two axes.
- the slope of the mass scanning line determined to cross is constant regardless of the mass-to-charge ratio range of the measurement target, and a constant DC voltage and high-frequency voltage according to the mass-to-charge ratio range of the measurement target are applied to the multipole electrode.
- a control unit that controls the voltage generation unit may be further provided.
- the mass-to-charge ratio range of the measurement target As the mass-to-charge ratio range of the measurement target is lowered, the upper limit of the range rapidly decreases, so the mass-to-charge ratio range of the measurement target becomes narrow. Therefore, in order to keep the upper limit as much as possible while lowering the lower limit of the mass-to-charge ratio range of the measurement object, the mass scan line defined to cross the stable region on the Matthew diagram is not constant, and the mass of the measurement object is not constant. It is good to make it change according to a charge ratio range.
- the mass spectrometer in the mass spectrometer according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is determined so as to pass through the origin and cross the stable region on the Matthew diagram with the q value and the a value that are parameters based on the Matthew equation as two axes.
- the mass scan line slope is changed according to the mass scan over the mass-to-charge ratio range of the measurement target, and the mass scan line inclination corresponding to the mass scan within the mass-to-charge ratio range of the measurement target is accommodated. It is good also as a structure further provided with the control part which controls the said voltage generation part so that the direct-current voltage and high frequency voltage which change may be applied to the said multipole electrode.
- the mass-to-charge ratio range to be measured is divided into a plurality of mass-to-charge ratio ranges for different measurement targets. Can be eliminated, and the measurement efficiency can be improved.
- the mass spectrometer of the first aspect according to the present invention includes a collision cell
- Collision gas is introduced into the collision cell during MS / MS analysis, but if the collision gas is introduced into the collision cell even when ions are not dissociated, ions introduced into the collision cell are Cooling in contact with the gas (however, the energy imparted to the ions introduced into the collision cell is small so that dissociation does not occur).
- the ions are cooled, differences such as energy and acceleration that the ions have received by the ion guide, the quadrupole mass filter or the like are temporarily eliminated. Therefore, the influence of the difference in the electric field according to the difference in the mass-to-charge ratio when passing through the ion transport unit described above does not reach the mass analysis in the time-of-flight mass analysis unit, and achieves high mass accuracy and mass resolution. Is advantageous.
- a mass spectrometer which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, has an ion source that ionizes sample components and a specific mass-to-charge ratio among ions generated by the ion source.
- a quadrupole mass filter capable of selecting ions, a collision cell for dissociating ions selected by the quadrupole mass filter, a flight space in which ions fly, ions generated by the ion source, or
- a time-of-flight type including an ejection unit that gives predetermined energy to ions generated by ion dissociation in the collision cell and ejects the ions toward the flight space, and a detector that detects the ions that have traveled in the flight space.
- a controller that controls the voltage generator such that the voltage generator is adjustable within a predetermined range between a predetermined slope state across the base of the stable region; It is characterized by having.
- the stability near the top of the stable region that is substantially triangular is shown.
- the inclination of the mass scanning line is determined so as to pass through a narrow range within the region. For this reason, it may be possible to finely adjust the slope of the mass scan line, but it is set to pass a predetermined range (usually a range depending on the target mass resolution) near the top of the stable region. Adjustment of a minute range centering on the mass scanning line.
- the mass scan line is tilted in a horizontal state along the bottom of the stable region having a substantially triangular shape and a predetermined tilted state across the base of the stable region (for example, It is possible to adjust within a predetermined range between an inclination state in which the mass scanning lines intersect below the midpoint of the right boundary line of the stable region that is substantially triangular.
- a predetermined range between an inclination state in which the mass scanning lines intersect below the midpoint of the right boundary line of the stable region that is substantially triangular.
- the slope of the mass scanning line is adjusted within this range, high mass resolution and mass selectivity cannot be obtained, so it cannot be used for normal precursor ion selection, but covers a wide mass-to-charge ratio range. It is useful when passing ions and blocking the passage of ions with a high mass-to-charge ratio that is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the mass-to-charge ratio range. Can be adjusted.
- a second mode in which the inclination of the mass scanning line on the Matthew diagram is adjustable in a predetermined range between a horizontal state and the predetermined inclination state; Can be selected, and when the second mode is selected, the control unit can control the voltage generation unit in accordance with a mass scanning line having a specified inclination.
- the first mode is selected as the operation mode of the quadrupole mass filter, and ions are dissociated with the collision cell. If normal mass spectrometry is performed without performing this, the second mode may be selected as the operation mode of the quadrupole mass filter.
- the mass spectrometer of the present invention when performing mass spectrometry repeatedly at a predetermined measurement cycle, even if the measurement cycle is short, ions with a high mass-to-charge ratio generated in the previous measurement cycle It is possible to acquire an accurate mass spectrum without any influence. In addition, unnecessary high mass-to-charge ratio ions are eliminated by using components that are pre-installed in the Q-TOF mass spectrometer, such as a quadrupole mass filter and ion guide, thus increasing costs. Can be suppressed. In general, since the rod electrode constituting the quadrupole mass filter has very high dimensional accuracy, if the quadrupole mass filter is used for ion removal in the present invention, undesired ions have a high mass. It can be removed with charge ratio accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a Q-TOF mass spectrometer that is a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. Explanatory drawing of operation
- FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the time-of-flight spectrum shown in FIG. 7.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of the Q-TOF mass spectrometer of the first embodiment.
- the Q-TOF mass spectrometer of the present embodiment has a multistage differential exhaust system configuration, and has the highest degree of vacuum with the ionization chamber 2 disposed in the chamber 1 and having a substantially atmospheric pressure atmosphere. Three intermediate vacuum chambers 3, 4, and 5, which are first to third, are provided between the high vacuum chamber 6.
- the ionization chamber 2 is provided with an ESI spray 7 for performing electrospray ionization (ESI).
- ESI spray 7 for performing electrospray ionization (ESI).
- the generated various ions are sent to the first intermediate vacuum chamber 3 through the heating capillary 8, converged by the ion guide 9, and sent to the second intermediate vacuum chamber 4 through the skimmer 10. Further, the ions are converged by the multipole ion guide 11 and sent to the third intermediate vacuum chamber 5.
- a quadrupole mass filter 12 and a collision cell 13 in which a quadrupole ion guide 14 is provided are installed in the third intermediate vacuum chamber 5.
- Various ions derived from the sample are introduced into the quadrupole mass filter 12, and at the time of MS / MS analysis, only ions having a specific mass-to-charge ratio corresponding to the voltage applied to the quadrupole mass filter 12 are included in the quadrupole mass filter 12. Pass through the polar mass filter 12.
- the ions are introduced into the collision cell 13 as precursor ions, and the precursor ions are dissociated by contact with a collision gas supplied from the outside into the collision cell 13 to generate various product ions.
- the produced product ions exit from the collision cell 13 and are introduced into the high vacuum chamber 6 through the ion passage port 15 while being guided by the ion transport optical system 16.
- an orthogonal acceleration unit 17 that is an ion emission source, a flight space 20 including a reflector 21 and a back plate 22, and an ion detector 23 are provided.
- the ions introduced in the X-axis direction are accelerated in the Z-axis direction at a predetermined timing to start flying.
- the ions first fly free, are then folded by a reflected electric field formed by the reflector 21 and the back plate 22, and then freely fly again to reach the ion detector 23.
- the time of flight from when the ions leave the orthogonal acceleration unit 17 until they reach the ion detector 23 depends on the mass-to-charge ratio of the ions.
- the data processing unit 30 Upon receiving the detection signal from the ion detector 23, the data processing unit 30 creates a time-of-flight spectrum and obtains a mass spectrum by converting the time-of-flight into a mass-to-charge ratio.
- the quadrupole mass filter 12 includes four rod electrodes arranged parallel to each other so as to surround the ion optical axis C.
- the quadrupole voltage generator 40 that applies a voltage to each of the rod electrodes includes a high-frequency voltage generator 41, a DC voltage generator 42, and an adder 43.
- the control unit 50 connected to the input unit 53 operated by the user includes an m / z selection time voltage setting unit 51 and an m / z range limited time voltage setting unit 52 as functional blocks. In addition to the quadrupole voltage generator 40, description of components for applying a voltage to each part is omitted.
- the Q-TOF type mass spectrometer of this embodiment it is possible to perform MS / MS analysis by dissociating ions in the collision cell 13, but normal mass without dissociating ions in the collision cell 13 is possible. Analysis can also be performed.
- characteristic control is performed when normal mass analysis without such ion dissociation operation is executed.
- the characteristic operation will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
- a voltage U + Vcos ⁇ t obtained by adding a DC voltage U and a high-frequency voltage Vcos ⁇ t is applied to two rod electrodes facing each other across the ion optical axis C, and the circumferential direction is applied.
- a voltage -U-Vcos ⁇ t having a different polarity is applied to the other two rod electrodes adjacent to the two rod electrodes.
- a and q on the vertical and horizontal axes of the Matthew diagram shown in FIG. 2 are defined by the following equations.
- a (8eU) / (mr 0 2 ⁇ 2 )
- q (4 eV) / (mr 0 2 ⁇ 2 )
- e is the charge of the ion
- m is the mass of the ion
- r 0 is the shortest distance (radius of the inscribed circle of the rod electrode) from the central axis (ion optical axis C) to the peripheral surface of the rod electrode. That is, a is proportional to the voltage value U of the DC voltage, and q is proportional to the amplitude value V of the high-frequency voltage.
- a substantially triangular region indicated by hatching in FIG. 2 is a stable region S in which ions take a stable orbit (do not diverge).
- the relationship between the parameters a and q is, for example, shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. U and V are determined so as to be along the mass scanning line A shown.
- the overlap between the stable region S and the mass scanning line A is a very narrow range near the top of the stable region S. Therefore, only the target mass-to-charge ratio M1 enters the stable region S and deviates from the stable region S regardless of whether the mass-to-charge ratio is larger or smaller than the target mass-to-charge ratio M1.
- the peak half-value width on the mass spectrum related to the quadrupole mass filter 12 is Preferably, it is 5 u or less, more preferably 3 u or less, more preferably 1 u or less, and even more preferably 0.7 u or less (where unit u means a unified atomic mass unit).
- the mass to charge ratio corresponding to the lower right end point of the stable region S through which the mass scanning line B passes is the cut-off point on the low m / z side.
- the lower left end point of the stable region S substantially coincides with the origin, there is theoretically no cutoff point on the high m / z side. Therefore, ions below the cut-off point on the low m / z side diverge and are excluded when passing through the quadrupole mass filter, but the ions on the high m / z side are not theoretically excluded and almost all Ions will pass through. For this reason, when the subsequent OA-TOFMS is operated at a constant measurement cycle, ions having a large mass-to-charge ratio that does not fit in the measurement cycle are also sent to the orthogonal acceleration unit.
- the DC voltage has a predetermined relationship with the amplitude value V of the high-frequency voltage and is very small compared to that during normal mass analysis.
- the mass scanning line becomes a straight line slightly inclined upward as shown by the solid line D in FIG. Since the slope of the boundary line on the high m / z side of the stable region S is a very gentle curve near the origin, if the mass scanning line D has a gentle slope to the right as described above, As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 2, the mass scanning line D and the boundary line of the stable region S intersect with each other and become the cutoff point on the high m / z side.
- the quadrupole mass filter used by the present applicant has a cutoff coefficient Max (m / z), the cut-off coefficient Min (m / z) on the low m / z side is as follows.
- the cut-off coefficient here indicates that the mass-to-charge ratio in the range of multiple times on the high m / z side and the low m / z side with respect to the target mass-to-charge ratio determined so as to enter the stable region S. The smaller the difference, the higher the ion mass separation.
- the quadrupole mass filter 12 is now passed.
- the mass-to-charge ratio m / z of the target ion is set to 1000
- the mass-to-charge ratio range of ions that can pass through the quadrupole mass filter 12 is m / z 830 to 3360.
- the parameter a is appropriately determined according to the mass-to-charge ratio range of ions desired to pass through the quadrupole mass filter 12, and the DC voltage U corresponding thereto can be obtained.
- mass scanning lines with the same slope on the Matthew diagram for any mass-to-charge ratio means that the parameters (a, q) are common to all mass-to-charge ratios.
- the relationship between the mass-to-charge ratio m / z of target ions and the mass-to-charge ratio range of ions that can actually pass through the quadrupole mass filter 12 can be obtained as follows.
- the boundary lines on the high m / z side and the low m / z side in the stable region S on the Matthew diagram are respectively approximated into mathematical formulas.
- an upper limit m / z value and a lower limit m / z value of ions that can pass through the quadrupole mass filter 12 from these intersections are obtained.
- FIG. 4 shows the mass-to-charge ratio range calculated when the target ion m / z set values are m / z / 227, m / z 113, m / z 57, and m / z 11.
- the measurable mass-to-charge ratio range is m / z 180-1824, and when the ion m / z set value is m / z 11, it can be measured.
- the mass to charge ratio range is m / z 9 to 91.
- the measurable mass-to-charge ratio range greatly changes when the m / z set value of the target ion is changed.
- FIG. 4 shows that the change in the cutoff point on the high m / z side is larger than the change in the mass-to-charge ratio on the cutoff point on the low m / z side. For this reason, when it is desired to expand the mass-to-charge ratio range to be measured up to a low mass-to-charge ratio, the mass-to-charge ratio range itself becomes considerably narrow.
- Parameters (a, q) corresponding to the mass scanning line D which is used in normal mass spectrometry and has a considerably gentler slope (close to horizontal) than the mass scanning line A, are determined in advance.
- Parameters (a, q) corresponding to the former mass scanning line A are stored in advance in the voltage setting unit 51 when m / z is selected, and parameters (a, q) corresponding to the latter mass scanning line D are m / z.
- the m / z selection voltage setting unit 51 determines the mass scanning line A determined by the set parameters (a, q). Can be adjusted within an appropriate range.
- the inclination of the mass scanning line D determined by the set parameters (a, q) can be adjusted within an appropriate range. In this case, it is preferable that the range until the mass scanning line becomes horizontal as indicated by B in FIG. 2 can be adjusted.
- the mass-to-charge ratio range and the measurement cycle to be measured are also specified. However, the shorter the measurement cycle, the lower the upper limit of the mass-to-charge ratio range.
- the upper limit of the mass-to-charge ratio range that can be measured in the specified measurement cycle is displayed. The user only has to specify the mass-to-charge ratio range to be measured so that the mass-to-charge ratio range is less than or equal to the upper limit value.
- the m / z range-limited voltage setting unit 52 is a parameter (a, q) (or a parameter corresponding to a mass scanning line in which the inclination of the mass scanning line determined thereby is finely adjusted as appropriate, as described above. ) And the specified mass-to-charge ratio range of the measurement object, and a DC voltage U that allows ions that enter the mass-to-charge ratio range of the measurement object to pass and excludes (blocks) ions outside the range. The amplitude value V of the high frequency voltage is calculated. Then, based on the calculation result, the high-frequency voltage generator 41 and the DC voltage generator 42 of the quadrupole voltage generator 40 are controlled.
- the high-frequency voltage generator 41 and the DC voltage generator 42 generate predetermined voltages, respectively, and these voltages are added by the adder 43 and applied to each rod electrode of the quadrupole mass filter 12.
- these voltages are added by the adder 43 and applied to each rod electrode of the quadrupole mass filter 12.
- ions having a mass-to-charge ratio included in the mass-to-charge ratio range to be measured stably pass through the space in the quadrupole mass filter 12, pass through the collision cell 13 and the ion transport optical system 16, and the orthogonal acceleration unit 17. To be introduced.
- a pulsed acceleration voltage is applied to the extrusion electrodes and the like included in the orthogonal acceleration unit 17 at a measurement cycle interval from a voltage generation unit (not shown).
- the ions introduced into the orthogonal acceleration unit 17 in the X-axis direction are simultaneously accelerated in the Z-axis direction by this acceleration voltage and are sent into the flight space 20. Since ions having a high mass-to-charge ratio whose flight time exceeds the measurement cycle are not introduced into the orthogonal acceleration unit 17, ions are ejected simultaneously from the orthogonal acceleration unit 17 toward the flight space 20, and then orthogonal acceleration is performed. During the period until the acceleration voltage is applied to the unit 17, all the previously ejected ions reach the ion detector 23.
- ions to be analyzed in one measurement cycle are not detected in the next measurement cycle, and the data processing unit 30 is ejected from the orthogonal acceleration unit 17 in another measurement cycle for each measurement cycle.
- a good time-of-flight spectrum and further a mass spectrum can be created without any influence of ions.
- FIG. 5 is a Matthew diagram for explaining the operation of the quadrupole mass filter 12 in the Q-TOF mass spectrometer of the second embodiment.
- the slope of the mass scanning line on the Matthew diagram is always constant, and the amplitude value V and the DC voltage of the high-frequency voltage according to the mass-to-charge ratio range to be measured. U was fixed.
- scanning is performed so that the amplitude value V of the high-frequency voltage applied to the rod electrode of the quadrupole mass filter 12 increases, and the mass scanning line is changed accordingly. As shown in FIG.
- the inclination is gradually increased from D to D ′, for example, and a DC voltage U corresponding to the mass scanning line is applied to the rod electrode of the quadrupole mass filter 12.
- the upper limit of the mass-to-charge ratio range becomes too high as the amplitude value V of the high frequency voltage increases.
- the upper limit of the mass-to-charge ratio range can be suppressed by increasing the slope of the line.
- FIG. 6 shows the mass-to-charge ratio at the upper limit of the high m / z side of the mass-to-charge ratio range that can pass through the quadrupole mass filter 12 when the horizontal axis represents the mass-to-charge ratio of the ions and the vertical axis represents the value a.
- the mass-to-charge ratio value on the horizontal axis can be read as the amplitude value V of the high-frequency voltage in accordance with the q value to be operated.
- the a value that is, the DC voltage U may be changed in accordance with the scanning of the amplitude value V).
- the mass-to-charge ratio scanning (that is, the change in the amplitude value of the high-frequency voltage) and the mass scanning line are associated with the upper limit of the mass-to-charge ratio range to be measured.
- Information indicating the relationship with the change or the relationship between the scanning of the mass-to-charge ratio and the change in the DC voltage is stored in the m / z range-limited voltage setting unit 52 in advance.
- the m / z range-limited voltage setting unit 52 acquires information corresponding thereto, and based on the information, the quadrupole mass filter 12 The quadrupole voltage generator 40 is controlled so that both the high-frequency voltage and the DC voltage applied to the rod electrode are repeatedly scanned.
- the quadrature acceleration unit 17 does not block ions having a mass-to-charge ratio such that the flight time does not exceed the measurement period without being blocked by the quadrupole mass filter 12. Therefore, it is possible to create a mass spectrum with a wide mass-to-charge ratio range below the upper limit of the mass-to-charge ratio limited by the measurement cycle.
- ions on the high m / z side are blocked by controlling the DC voltage applied to the quadrupole mass filter 12, but the multipole ion guide 11 in the preceding stage is cut off. Even if the direct current voltage applied to is controlled, ions on the high m / z side can be similarly cut off. However, normally, although a DC bias voltage is applied to the ion guide 11, a DC voltage corresponding to the DC voltage U for ion selection applied to the quadrupole mass filter 12 is not applied.
- a DC voltage generator that can apply a voltage corresponding to the DC voltage U applied to the quadrupole mass filter 12 to the ion guide 11. Need to be added.
- the present invention is applied to a Q-TOF type mass spectrometer capable of performing MS / MS analysis.
- a mass spectrometer such as OA-TOFMS capable of performing only normal mass spectrometry.
- the present invention can also be applied.
- an ion guide may be disposed in front of the orthogonal acceleration unit so that ions can be blocked by the ion guide.
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Abstract
Description
a)前記イオン源と前記射出部の間に設けられた、多重極型電極から成るイオン輸送部と、
b)前記多重極型電極に高周波電圧と直流電圧とが加算された電圧を印加するものであって、該多重極型電極で囲まれる空間をイオンが通過する際に、前記飛行空間における飛行時間が少なくとも前記所定の測定周期を超えるような所定の質量電荷比以上の範囲のイオンを発散させる多重極電場を形成するための電圧を前記多重極電極に印加する電圧発生部と、
を備えることを特徴としている。
即ち、本発明に係る第1の態様の質量分析装置は、特定の質量電荷比を有するイオンを選択的に通過させることが可能な四重極マスフィルタと、該四重極マスフィルタと前記射出部との間に設けられたイオンを解離させるためのコリジョンセルと、をさらに備え、前記四重極マスフィルタを前記イオン輸送部として用いる構成とすることができる。
また本発明に係る第1の態様の質量分析装置において、高周波電場の作用によりイオンを収束させつつ後段へと送るイオンガイドをさらに備え、前記イオンガイドを前記イオン輸送部として用いる構成とすることもできる。
a)前記四重極マスフィルタの各電極に、高周波電圧と直流電圧とを加算した電圧を印加する電圧発生部と、
b)マシュー方程式に基づくパラメータであるq値及びa値を二軸にとったマシュー線図上で原点を通る直線である質量走査線の傾きを、a=0である水平状態と該質量走査線が安定領域の基部を横切る所定の傾斜状態との間の所定の範囲で調整可能であるように前記電圧発生部を制御する制御部と、
を備えることを特徴としている。
前記四重極マスフィルタの動作モードとして、
マシュー線図上で質量走査線が安定領域の頂部付近の所定の範囲を通過するように該質量走査線の傾きを定める第1のモードと、
マシュー線図上で質量走査線の傾きが水平状態と前記所定の傾斜状態との間の所定の範囲で調整可能である第2のモードと、
を選択可能に有し、前記第2のモードが選択されたときに前記制御部は指定された傾きの質量走査線に応じて前記電圧発生部を制御する構成とすることができる。
以下、本発明の第1実施例であるQ-TOF型質量分析装置について、添付図面を参照して説明する。
本実施例のQ-TOF型質量分析装置は、多段差動排気系の構成を有しており、チャンバ1内に配設された、略大気圧雰囲気であるイオン化室2と最も真空度の高い高真空室6との間に、第1乃至第3なる三つの中間真空室3、4、5が設けられている。
イオン化室2には、エレクトロスプレイイオン化(ESI)を行うためのESIスプレー7が設けられ、目的化合物を含む試料液がESIスプレー7に供給されると、該スプレー7先端で片寄った電荷を付与されて噴霧された液滴から目的化合物由来のイオンが生成される。なお、イオン化法はこれに限らない。
a=(8eU)/(mr0 2ω2)
q=(4eV)/(mr0 2ω2)
ここで、eはイオンの電荷、mはイオンの質量、r0は中心軸(イオン光軸C)からロッド電極周面までの最短距離(ロッド電極の内接円の半径)である。つまり、aは直流電圧の電圧値Uに比例し、qは高周波電圧の振幅値Vに比例する。図2中に斜線で示した略三角形の領域はイオンが安定軌道をとる(発散しない)安定領域Sである。
Max(m/z)=0.706/0.21=3.36倍
Min(m/z)=0.706/0.85=0.83倍
そのため、いま四重極マスフィルタ12を通過させたい目標のイオンの質量電荷比m/zを1000に設定した場合、四重極マスフィルタ12を通過し得るイオンの質量電荷比範囲はm/z 830~3360となる。このようにして四重極マスフィルタ12を通過させたいイオンの質量電荷比範囲に応じてパラメータaを適切に定め、それに対応した直流電圧Uを求めればよい。
上記第1実施例では、パラメータ(a,q)は常に一定であるため制御が容易である。一方、四重極マスフィルタ12に印加する高周波電圧の振幅値Vが小さいときには、本来、周期遅れとはならないような質量電荷比のイオンまで遮断してしまうため、測定可能な質量電荷比範囲が狭くなる。これは図4に示したとおりである。そこで、第2実施例のQ-TOF型質量分析装置では、必要以上のイオンの遮断を回避し測定対象の質量電荷比範囲をできるだけ広くするために第1実施例とは異なる制御方法を採用している。第2実施例のQ-TOF型質量分析装置の構成は上述した第1実施例のQ-TOF型質量分析装置と基本的に同じであるので、以下の説明では構成図として図1を用いる。
上記第1実施例のQ-TOF型質量分析装置では、マシュー線図上の質量走査線の傾きは常に一定であり、測定対象の質量電荷比範囲に応じて高周波電圧の振幅値Vと直流電圧Uとを固定していた。それに対し、この第2実施例のQ-TOF型質量分析装置では、四重極マスフィルタ12のロッド電極に印加する高周波電圧の振幅値Vが増加するように走査し、それに伴い質量走査線をその傾きが図5中に示すように例えばDからD’まで徐々に大きくなるように移動させ、その質量走査線に応じた直流電圧Uを四重極マスフィルタ12のロッド電極に印加する。質量走査線の傾きを一定に保ったまま高周波電圧の振幅値V及び直流電圧Uを走査すると、高周波電圧の振幅値Vが大きくなるに伴い質量電荷比範囲の上限が高くなりすぎるが、質量走査線の傾きを大きくすることで質量電荷比範囲の上限を抑えることができる。
2…イオン化室
3…第1中間真空室
4…第2中間真空室
5…第3中間真空室
6…高真空室
7…ESIスプレー
8…加熱キャピラリ
10…スキマー
9、11、14…イオンガイド
12…四重極マスフィルタ
13…コリジョンセル
15…イオン通過口
16…イオン輸送光学系
17…直交加速部
20…飛行空間
21…反射器
22…バックプレート
23…イオン検出器
30…データ処理部
40…四重極電圧発生部
41…高周波電圧発生部
42…直流電圧発生部
43…加算部
50…制御部
51…m/z選択時電圧設定部
52…m/z範囲限定時電圧設定部
53…入力部
Claims (6)
- 試料成分をイオン化するイオン源と、イオンが飛行する飛行空間、前記イオン源で生成されたイオン又は該イオンに由来するイオンに所定のエネルギを与えて前記飛行空間に向けて射出する射出部、及び、前記飛行空間を飛行したイオンを検出する検出器、を含む飛行時間型質量分析部と、を具備し、該飛行時間型質量分析部において所定の測定周期で以て質量分析を繰り返し行う質量分析装置において、
a)前記イオン源と前記射出部の間に設けられた、多重極型電極から成るイオン輸送部と、
b)前記多重極型電極に高周波電圧と直流電圧とが加算された電圧を印加するものであって、該多重極型電極で囲まれる空間をイオンが通過する際に、前記飛行空間における飛行時間が少なくとも前記所定の測定周期を超えるような所定の質量電荷比以上の範囲のイオンを発散させる多重極電場を形成するための電圧を前記多重極電極に印加する電圧発生部と、
を備えることを特徴とする質量分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の質量分析装置であって、
特定の質量電荷比を有するイオンを選択的に通過させることが可能な四重極マスフィルタと、該四重極マスフィルタと前記射出部との間に設けられたイオンを解離させるためのコリジョンセルと、をさらに備え、前記四重極マスフィルタを前記イオン輸送部として用いることを特徴とする質量分析装置。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の質量分析装置であって、
マシュー方程式に基づくパラメータであるq値及びa値を二軸にとったマシュー線図上で原点を通り安定領域を横切るように定められた質量走査線の傾きを測定対象の質量電荷比範囲に依らず一定とし、その測定対象の質量電荷比範囲に応じた一定の直流電圧及び高周波電圧を前記多重極電極に印加するように前記電圧発生部を制御する制御部、をさらに備えることを特徴とする質量分析装置。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の質量分析装置であって、
マシュー方程式に基づくパラメータであるq値及びa値を二軸にとったマシュー線図上で原点を通り安定領域を横切るように定められた質量走査線の傾きを測定対象の質量電荷比範囲に亘る質量走査に応じて変化させ、その測定対象の質量電荷比範囲内での質量走査に応じた質量走査線の傾きの変化に対応して変化する直流電圧及び高周波電圧を前記多重極電極に印加するように前記電圧発生部を制御する制御部、をさらに備えることを特徴とする質量分析装置。 - 試料成分をイオン化するイオン源と、前記イオン源で生成されたイオンの中で特定の質量電荷比を有するイオンを選択することが可能な四重極マスフィルタと、該四重極マスフィルタで選択されたイオンを解離させるコリジョンセルと、イオンが飛行する飛行空間、前記イオン源で生成されたイオン又は前記コリジョンセルでのイオン解離により生成されたイオンに所定のエネルギを与えて前記飛行空間に向けて射出する射出部、及び、前記飛行空間を飛行したイオンを検出する検出器、を含む飛行時間型質量分析部と、を具備する質量分析装置において、
a)前記四重極マスフィルタの各電極に、高周波電圧と直流電圧とを加算した電圧を印加する電圧発生部と、
b)マシュー方程式に基づくパラメータであるq値及びa値を二軸にとったマシュー線図上で原点を通る直線である質量走査線の傾きを、a=0である水平状態と該質量走査線が安定領域の基部を横切る所定の傾斜状態との間の所定の範囲で調整可能であるように前記電圧発生部を制御する制御部と、
を備えることを特徴とする質量分析装置。 - 請求項5に記載の質量分析装置であって、
前記四重極マスフィルタの動作モードとして、
マシュー線図上で質量走査線が安定領域の頂部付近の所定の範囲を通過するように該質量走査線の傾きを定める第1のモードと、
マシュー線図上で質量走査線の傾きが水平状態と前記所定の傾斜状態との間の所定の範囲で調整可能である第2のモードと、
を選択可能に有し、前記第2のモードが選択されたときに前記制御部は指定された傾きの質量走査線に応じて前記電圧発生部を制御することを特徴とする質量分析装置。
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| WO2019220501A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-11-21 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 飛行時間型質量分析装置 |
| CN111630626A (zh) * | 2018-02-16 | 2020-09-04 | 英国质谱公司 | 四极装置 |
| JP2024511076A (ja) * | 2021-03-25 | 2024-03-12 | ディーエイチ テクノロジーズ デベロップメント プライベート リミテッド | 高m/zカットオフを含むサンプルを分析する方法 |
| US12040173B2 (en) | 2019-03-11 | 2024-07-16 | Micromass Uk Limited | Quadrupole devices |
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| JP7235135B2 (ja) * | 2019-11-06 | 2023-03-08 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 飛行時間型質量分析装置および分析方法 |
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| CN111630626A (zh) * | 2018-02-16 | 2020-09-04 | 英国质谱公司 | 四极装置 |
| CN111630626B (zh) * | 2018-02-16 | 2023-07-25 | 英国质谱公司 | 四极装置 |
| WO2019220501A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-11-21 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 飛行時間型質量分析装置 |
| JPWO2019220501A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-14 | 2021-03-11 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 飛行時間型質量分析装置 |
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| CN108811293A (zh) * | 2018-10-08 | 2018-11-13 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | 带电粒子加速电场产生装置 |
| CN108811293B (zh) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-01 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | 带电粒子加速电场产生装置 |
| US12040173B2 (en) | 2019-03-11 | 2024-07-16 | Micromass Uk Limited | Quadrupole devices |
| US12074019B2 (en) | 2019-03-11 | 2024-08-27 | Micromass Uk Limited | Quadrupole devices |
| JP2024511076A (ja) * | 2021-03-25 | 2024-03-12 | ディーエイチ テクノロジーズ デベロップメント プライベート リミテッド | 高m/zカットオフを含むサンプルを分析する方法 |
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