WO2018016536A1 - ポリビニルアセタール多孔質体及びポリビニルアセタール不織布 - Google Patents
ポリビニルアセタール多孔質体及びポリビニルアセタール不織布 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018016536A1 WO2018016536A1 PCT/JP2017/026137 JP2017026137W WO2018016536A1 WO 2018016536 A1 WO2018016536 A1 WO 2018016536A1 JP 2017026137 W JP2017026137 W JP 2017026137W WO 2018016536 A1 WO2018016536 A1 WO 2018016536A1
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- polyvinyl acetal
- nonwoven fabric
- porous
- porous body
- thickness
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
- C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
- C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0023—Use of organic additives containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08K5/103—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids with polyalcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/11—Esters; Ether-esters of acyclic polycarboxylic acids
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4291—Olefin series
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4309—Polyvinyl alcohol
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2207/00—Foams characterised by their intended use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2331/00—Characterised by the use of copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, or carbonic acid, or of a haloformic acid
- C08J2331/02—Characterised by the use of omopolymers or copolymers of esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08J2331/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl acetate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyvinyl acetal porous body and a polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric that can exhibit extremely high impact absorbability.
- Laminated glass obtained by sandwiching an interlayer film for laminated glass made of plasticized polyvinyl acetal between two glass plates and bonding them together is widely used as glass for vehicles such as automobiles and aircraft, and window glass for buildings, etc. Has been.
- Laminated glass can prevent glass scattering such as when an object collides with glass, and obstructions to human bodies, instruments, and the like due to glass.
- laminated glass used for automobiles and airplanes is provided with extremely strict quality standards, and those that have entrained bubbles when bonded to glass are regarded as defective products. In particular, in the case of a windshield having a large area, such entrapment of bubbles is likely to occur. Considering the amount of laminated glass used worldwide, it seems that a huge amount of defective products are generated. Furthermore, when the used laminated glass is disassembled, a large amount of the interlayer film for laminated glass is recovered and discarded. Thus, the waste of the interlayer film for laminated glass generated in large quantities is required to be reused from the viewpoint of recycling and the like.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing a foam by heating a mixture obtained by adding a specific pyrolytic foaming agent to polyvinyl butyral and decomposing the pyrolytic foaming agent.
- the foam made of plasticized polyvinyl acetal thus obtained has no particular feature such as excellent shock absorption, and its use has been limited.
- establishment of effective recycling of the interlayer film for laminated glass is an urgent task.
- An object of this invention is to provide the polyvinyl acetal porous body and polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric which can exhibit very high impact absorptivity in view of the said present condition.
- the present invention is a polyvinyl acetal porous body containing polyvinyl acetal and a plasticizer and having a large number of bubbles, wherein the porous body has an open cell ratio of 10% or more, 10 cm in length, 10 cm in width, thickness
- a porous body sample having a thickness of 4 mm is placed on an iron plate having a length of 10 cm or more, a width of 10 cm or more, and a thickness of 1 cm, and 1 ⁇ 2 inch conforming to JIS B 1501 from a certain falling ball height toward the center of the porous body sample.
- It is a polyvinyl acetal porous body having a rebound coefficient (rebound height / falling ball height) of 0.1 or less when the rebound height when a SUS ball is dropped is measured.
- the present invention is described in detail below.
- the inventors of the present invention have a polyvinyl acetal porous body that contains polyvinyl acetal and a plasticizer and has a large number of bubbles.
- the present invention has been completed by finding that it can exhibit shock absorption.
- the polyvinyl acetal porous body of the present invention (hereinafter also simply referred to as “porous body”) contains polyvinyl acetal and a plasticizer.
- the said polyvinyl acetal and a plasticizer can use what is used for the intermediate film for laminated glasses. Therefore, the polyvinyl acetal porous material of the present invention is very suitable for recycling the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the polyvinyl acetal is not particularly limited as long as it is a polyvinyl acetal obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde, but polyvinyl butyral is preferable. Moreover, you may use together 2 or more types of polyvinyl acetal as needed.
- the preferable lower limit of the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal is 40 mol%, the preferable upper limit is 85 mol%, the more preferable lower limit is 60 mol%, and the more preferable upper limit is 75 mol%.
- the polyvinyl acetal has a preferred lower limit of the hydroxyl group content of 15 mol% and a preferred upper limit of 35 mol%. Adhesiveness between the interlayer film for laminated glass and the glass is increased when the amount of the hydroxyl group is 15 mol% or more. When the hydroxyl group amount is 35 mol% or less, handling of the interlayer film for laminated glass becomes easy.
- the degree of acetalization and the amount of hydroxyl groups can be measured in accordance with, for example, JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral”.
- the polyvinyl acetal can be prepared by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde.
- the polyvinyl alcohol is usually obtained by saponifying polyvinyl acetate, and polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 70 to 99.8 mol% is generally used.
- the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 80 to 99.8 mol%.
- the preferable lower limit of the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 500, and the preferable upper limit is 4000. When the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 500 or more, the penetration resistance of the obtained laminated glass is increased.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass can be easily molded.
- the minimum with a more preferable polymerization degree of the said polyvinyl alcohol is 1000, and a more preferable upper limit is 3600.
- the aldehyde is not particularly limited, but generally an aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferably used.
- the aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is not particularly limited.
- n-butyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde, and n-valeraldehyde are preferable, and n-butyraldehyde is more preferable.
- These aldehydes may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the plasticizer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters, phosphoric acid plasticizers such as organic phosphoric acid plasticizers and organic phosphorous acid plasticizers, and the like. Is mentioned.
- the plasticizer is preferably a liquid plasticizer.
- the monobasic organic acid ester is not particularly limited.
- glycol such as triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, caproic acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, heptylic acid, n-octyl
- glycol esters obtained by reaction with monobasic organic acids such as acid, 2-ethylhexyl acid, pelargonic acid (n-nonyl acid), and decyl acid.
- triethylene glycol dicaproate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-n-octylate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexylate and the like are preferable.
- the polybasic organic acid ester is not particularly limited.
- an ester compound of a polybasic organic acid such as adipic acid, sebacic acid or azelaic acid and an alcohol having a linear or branched structure having 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
- dibutyl sebacic acid ester, dioctyl azelaic acid ester, dibutyl carbitol adipic acid ester and the like are preferable.
- the organic ester plasticizer is not particularly limited, and triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dicaprylate, triethylene glycol di-n-octanoate, Triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl carbitol adipate, ethylene glycol di-2-ethyl Butyrate, 1,3-propylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di- -Ethylhexanoate, dipropylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate,
- the organophosphate plasticizer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include tributoxyethyl phosphate, isodecylphenyl phosphate, triisopropyl phosphate, and the like.
- content of the said plasticizer in the porous body of this invention is not specifically limited,
- the preferable minimum with respect to 100 weight part of said polyvinyl acetals is 5 weight part, and a preferable upper limit is 60 weight part.
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said plasticizer is 20 weight part, and a more preferable upper limit is 55 weight part.
- Many interlayer films for laminated glass have a plasticizer content of about 20 to 55 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl acetal. Therefore, the discarded interlayer film for laminated glass is used as it is in the porous body of the present invention. It can be used as a raw material.
- the porous body of the present invention includes, for example, an ordinary combination of an adhesion modifier, a heat ray absorber, an ultraviolet shielding agent, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, an antistatic agent, and the like. You may contain the additive contained in the intermediate film for glass. Moreover, in order to adjust the external appearance of the porous body obtained, you may contain pigments, dyes, etc., such as carbon black.
- the porous body of the present invention has an open cell ratio of 10% or more. Thereby, a high impact absorbability can be exhibited.
- the open cell ratio is preferably 14% or more, more preferably 30% or more, and further preferably 50% or more.
- the upper limit of the open cell ratio is not particularly limited, but about 98% is a substantial upper limit.
- an open cell means that the bubble which forms a porous body is mutually connected.
- the open cell ratio is defined as the volume ratio of bubbles connected to the outside of the porous body with respect to the apparent volume of the porous body obtained by dimension measurement, and is measured by a pycnometer method described in JIS K7138, etc. be able to.
- the porous body of the present invention has a preferable lower limit of the average cell diameter of 100 ⁇ m and a preferable upper limit of 1000 ⁇ m. When the average bubble diameter is within this range, higher impact absorbability can be exhibited. A more preferable lower limit of the average bubble diameter is 120 ⁇ m, a more preferable upper limit is 500 ⁇ m, and a still more preferable lower limit is 200 ⁇ m.
- the said average bubble diameter can be measured by the method of observing a bubble wall part and a space
- the porous body of the present invention preferably has an average aspect ratio of bubbles of 2 or less.
- the average aspect ratio of the bubbles is 2 or less, higher impact absorbability can be exhibited.
- the average aspect ratio of the bubbles is more preferably 1.5 or less.
- the average aspect ratio of the bubbles can be measured by a method of measuring the major axis and minor axis of the void from a cross-sectional observation photograph of the bubbles and calculating the ratio.
- the porous body of the present invention preferably has a specific gravity of 0.3 or less. When the specific gravity is 0.3 or less, higher impact absorbability can be exhibited. The specific gravity is more preferably 0.2 or less. The lower limit of the specific gravity is not particularly limited, but about 0.05 is a substantial lower limit. In addition, the specific gravity in the porous body of the present invention does not indicate the density of the porous body relative to the density of water. For example, in the case of a foam, the ratio of the density after foaming to the ratio of the density before foaming, that is, , “Density after foaming / density before foaming”.
- the porous body of the present invention preferably has an apparent density of 300 kg / m 3 or less. When the apparent density is 300 kg / m 3 or less, higher impact absorbability can be exhibited.
- the apparent density is more preferably 260 kg / m 3 or less, and further preferably 200 kg / m 3 or less.
- the porous body of the present invention preferably has an apparent density of 50 kg / m 3 or more. When the apparent density is 50 kg / m 3 or more, good shapeability can be imparted to the obtained porous body.
- the apparent density is more preferably 60 kg / m 3 or more, further preferably 80 kg / m 3 or more, and particularly preferably 100 kg / m 3 or more.
- a porous body sample having a specific size and thickness is placed on an iron plate having a specific size and thickness, and from a certain falling ball height toward the center of the porous body sample.
- the rebound coefficient (rebound height / falling ball height) when measuring the rebound height when a 1/2 inch SUS ball conforming to JIS B 1501 is dropped is 0.1 or less.
- the rebound coefficient (bounce height / falling ball height) is preferably 0.09 or less, more preferably 0.08 or less, still more preferably 0.07 or less, and 0.06 or less. Is particularly preferably 0.05 or less, and most preferably 0.04 or less.
- the environment at the time of measuring the rebound coefficient is set to a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 50% Rh.
- the porous body sample has a length of 10 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm, and the iron plate has a length of 10 cm or more, a width of 10 cm or more, and a thickness of 1 cm.
- the porous body to be measured is less than 4 mm, the porous body is stacked so that the thickness becomes 4 mm after the porous bodies are stacked in the thickness direction until the thickness exceeds 4 mm. May be created.
- the porous sample may be prepared by cutting to a thickness of 4 mm. When it is difficult to cut to a thickness of 4 mm accurately, an average thickness of 4 mm ⁇ 0.1 mm is allowed.
- a slicer such as a band machine slicer (eg, model number “Band Machine NP-120RS” manufactured by Nippi Machinery Co., Ltd.) can be used.
- the upper limit with preferable thickness of the porous body of this invention is 100 mm.
- the thickness of the porous body of the present invention is 100 mm or less, the porous body can be prevented from being deformed by its own weight.
- a preferable lower limit of the thickness of the porous body of the present invention is 50 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the porous body of the present invention is 50 ⁇ m or more, the impact absorbability of the porous body is further improved.
- the method for producing the porous body of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- a resin composition is prepared by blending the above-mentioned polyvinyl acetal, a plasticizer, and an additive to be added as necessary with a pyrolytic foaming agent, A method in which the resin composition is heated to the foaming temperature to decompose the pyrolytic foaming agent is preferred. That is, the porous body of the present invention is preferably a foam.
- the type and blending amount of the pyrolytic foaming agent and the setting of the foaming temperature are extremely important.
- the setting of the foaming temperature is essential for achieving a high open cell ratio.
- the foaming temperature is preferably 180 ° C. or higher. At a temperature of 180 ° C. or higher, the resin composition is sufficiently softened at the time of foaming, and bubbles are easily communicated with each other. Therefore, it is considered that open cells are easily generated. In a resin composition comprising a resin other than polyvinyl acetal, such an increase in the open cell ratio is not observed even when the foaming temperature is increased.
- the foaming temperature is more preferably 190 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 230 ° C. or higher.
- the pyrolytic foaming agent is not particularly limited as long as it has a decomposition temperature of about 120 to 240 ° C., and a conventionally known one can be used.
- a thermal decomposition type foaming agent is selected so that foaming temperature may become high with respect to the decomposition temperature of the said thermal decomposition type foaming agent. It is preferable. More specifically, the foaming temperature is preferably 20 ° C. or higher, more preferably 50 ° C. or higher, and still more preferably 80 ° C. or higher than the decomposition temperature of the above pyrolyzable foaming agent.
- pyrolytic foaming agent examples include azodicarbonamide, N, N′-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, 4,4′-oxybis (benzenesulfonylhydrazide), urea, sodium bicarbonate, and These mixtures etc. are mentioned.
- commercially available pyrolytic foaming agents include Cellmic Series (manufactured by Sankyo Kasei Co., Ltd.), Vinyl Hall Series, Cellular Series, Neoselbon Series (above, manufactured by Eiwa Kasei Co., Ltd.) and the like. .
- the compounding quantity of the said pyrolyzable foaming agent in the said resin composition is not specifically limited,
- the preferable minimum with respect to 100 weight part of said polyvinyl acetals is 4 weight part, and a preferable upper limit is 20 weight part.
- a porous body having an open cell ratio of 10% or more can be produced.
- a more preferable lower limit of the amount of the pyrolytic foaming agent is 5 parts by weight, and a more preferable upper limit is 15 parts by weight.
- the high impact absorbency that the rebound coefficient (the rebound height / the falling ball height) is 0.1 or less can also be achieved by a polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric made of fibers containing polyvinyl acetal and a plasticizer. (However, a porous body is superior to a non-woven fabric from the viewpoint of exhibiting higher impact absorbability.)
- a polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric comprising fibers containing polyvinyl acetal and a plasticizer, wherein the nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 100 to 800 g / m 2 , and a nonwoven fabric sample having a length of 10 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm is 10 cm or more in length.
- a polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric having a rebound coefficient (rebound height / falling ball height) of 0.1 or less is also one aspect of the present invention.
- nonwoven fabric The polyvinyl acetal, plasticizer, additive, etc. used for the polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric (hereinafter also simply referred to as “nonwoven fabric”) of the present invention are the polyvinyl acetal, plasticizer, additive, etc. used for the porous body of the present invention described above. Similar ones can be used.
- the nonwoven fabric sample for measuring the rebound coefficient can be prepared by the same method as the porous body sample in the porous body of the present invention described above.
- the lower limit of the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is 100 g / m 2 and the upper limit is 800 g / m 2 .
- the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is 100 g / m 2 and the upper limit is 800 g / m 2 .
- a preferred lower limit of the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric 150 g / m 2 a preferred upper limit is 660 g / m 2
- more preferable lower limit is 200 g / m 2
- more preferable upper limit is 500 g / m 2.
- the minimum with a preferable average diameter (average fiber diameter) of the fiber which comprises the nonwoven fabric of this invention is 50 micrometers, and a preferable upper limit is 2 mm.
- a preferable upper limit is 2 mm.
- the minimum with a more preferable average diameter (average fiber diameter) of the said fiber is 100 micrometers, and a more preferable upper limit is 1 mm.
- the average diameter (average fiber diameter) of the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is preferably 1/2 or less, more preferably 1/3 or less, and 1/4 of the thickness of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention. More preferably, it is as follows.
- the average diameter (average fiber diameter) of the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is preferably 1/100 or more, more preferably 1/50 or more, relative to the thickness of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention. More preferably, it is / 10 or more. When the ratio of the average diameter of the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric to the thickness of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is not more than the above preferred value, higher impact absorbability can be exhibited.
- the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is, for example, a laminate in which a resin composition containing polyvinyl acetal, a plasticizer, an additive, and the like is extruded into a strand shape by an extruder and then a strand body cut to an appropriate length is laminated. It can be manufactured by thermocompression bonding using a press. Under the present circumstances, the fabric weight of the obtained nonwoven fabric can be adjusted by adjusting the diameter of a strand-like body, length, and heat compression conditions.
- the upper limit with preferable thickness of the nonwoven fabric of this invention is 100 mm. It can suppress that a nonwoven fabric deform
- the upper limit with more preferable thickness of the nonwoven fabric of this invention is 10 mm, and a more preferable upper limit is 4 mm.
- the minimum with the preferable thickness of the nonwoven fabric of this invention is 50 micrometers. When the thickness of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is 50 ⁇ m or more, the impact absorbability of the nonwoven fabric is further improved.
- the more preferable lower limit of the thickness of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is 100 ⁇ m, the more preferable lower limit is 500 ⁇ m, and the particularly preferable lower limit is 1 mm.
- the polyvinyl acetal porous body and the polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric of the present invention exhibit extremely high shock absorption. For this reason, the polyvinyl acetal porous body and the polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric of the present invention are used alone or in combination with other members, such as an impact absorbing material, a sound insulating material, and a vibration absorbing material (including a damping material and an earthquake resistant material). Is very suitable.
- the sound insulating material including the polyvinyl acetal porous body of the present invention is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the impact absorbing material including the polyvinyl acetal porous body of the present invention is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the vibration absorbing material including the polyvinyl acetal porous material of the present invention is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the sound insulating material containing the polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric of the present invention is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the impact absorbing material containing the polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric of the present invention is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the vibration absorbing material including the polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric of the present invention is also one aspect of the present invention.
- Specific uses of the polyvinyl acetal porous material and the polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric of the present invention include all uses such as a vehicle member, a building member, a life member, an electric member, and a member for other purposes.
- vehicle member include members for the purpose of mitigating vibration, impact, sound, etc., such as ceiling materials, interior materials, interior lining materials of vehicles such as automobiles, airplanes, and ships.
- building member include members for the purpose of mitigating vibration, impact, sound, and the like, such as floor base materials, soundproof wall materials, ceiling materials, resin and metal tile backing materials.
- Examples of the living member include members for the purpose of mitigating vibration, impact, sound, etc., such as carpet backing, curtain material, and wallpaper.
- the electrical member for example, electronic parts such as mobile phones, tablets, personal computers, home appliances such as audio, headphones, TVs, refrigerators, washing machines, vacuum cleaners, etc.
- the member used for the purpose of relaxation of sound etc. is mentioned.
- Examples of the members for other applications include members used for the purpose of cushioning impacts at the time of rear-end collision, such as floors, mats, and walls in indoor and outdoor exercise facilities.
- the polyvinyl acetal porous material and the polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric according to the present invention can use the waste of the interlayer film for laminated glass as a raw material as it is. Therefore, it is extremely useful for establishing recycling of the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the polyvinyl acetal porous body and polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric which can exhibit very high impact absorptivity can be provided.
- Example 1 For 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl butyral 1 (PVB1), 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) as a plasticizer, 8.4 parts by weight of Cellmicap CAP as a pyrolytic foaming agent, carbon 1.4 parts by weight of black was added. This was sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll at 110 ° C. and then extruded with an extruder to obtain a sheet-like body. The porous sheet was obtained by decomposing the thermal decomposable foaming agent in the oven at a foaming temperature of 230 ° C. in the oven.
- PVB1 polyvinyl butyral 1
- 3GO triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate
- Carbon 1.4 parts by weight of black was added. This was sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll at 110 ° C. and then extruded with an extruder to obtain a sheet-like body.
- the porous sheet was
- PVB1 has a hydroxyl group content of 30 mol%, an acetylation degree of 1 mol%, a butyralization degree of 69 mol%, and an average polymerization degree of 1700.
- Cell microphone CAP is manufactured by Sankyo Kasei Co., Ltd., and has a decomposition temperature of 125 ° C.
- As the carbon black Seast SP manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd. was used.
- the open cell rate was measured by the pycnometer method based on JISK7138. Further, the average bubble diameter and the average aspect ratio of the bubbles were measured by microscopic observation of the gap as follows. Further, the apparent density was measured by a method of calculating from the measured weight and the apparent volume obtained by dimensional measurement. Furthermore, the specific gravity was measured by a method of calculating from the measured weight and the apparent volume obtained by dimensional measurement.
- the porous sample for measurement was cut into a length of 50 mm, a width of 50 mm, and a thickness of 4 mm, immersed in liquid nitrogen for 1 minute, and then cut along a plane parallel to the thickness direction with a razor blade. Thereafter, a 200 ⁇ magnified photograph was taken using a digital microscope (manufactured by Keyence Corporation, product name VHX-900), and the bubble diameter was measured for all bubbles present on the cut surface having a length of 2 mm in the thickness direction. . The operation was repeated 5 times at different measurement locations, and the average value of all observed bubble diameters was taken as the average bubble diameter.
- the bubble diameter of each bubble was the diameter of the inscribed circle that maximized the diameter when an inscribed circle inscribed with respect to the observed bubble was drawn.
- Example 2 A porous material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the foaming temperature was 190 ° C.
- Example 3 A porous material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the pyrolytic foaming agent added was 5.6 parts by weight.
- Example 4 A porous material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 5.6 parts by weight of VINYHALL AC-K3 (manufactured by Eiwa Kasei Co., Ltd., decomposition temperature 210 ° C.) was added as a thermally decomposable foaming agent.
- VINYHALL AC-K3 manufactured by Eiwa Kasei Co., Ltd., decomposition temperature 210 ° C.
- Example 5 A porous material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the plasticizer added was 20 parts by weight.
- Example 6 A porous material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the plasticizer added was 20 parts by weight, and 5.6 parts by weight of Cellmic CAP was used as the pyrolytic foaming agent.
- Example 7 PVB1 was changed to polyvinyl butyral (PVB2, hydroxyl group content 23 mol%, acetylation degree 13 mol%, butyralization degree 64 mol%, average polymerization degree 2400), and the plasticizer content was changed to 60 parts by weight.
- a porous material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that AC-K3 was used as the pyrolytic foaming agent.
- Example 8 “S-LEC Clear Film” (denoted as “S-LEC” in the table) manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. was prepared as an interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass was chopped into a size of 7 mm ⁇ 10 mm into small pieces to obtain a resource recycling material.
- the porous sheet was obtained by decomposing the thermal decomposable foaming agent in the oven at a foaming temperature of 230 ° C. in the oven.
- Example 9 A porous body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the foaming temperature was 190 ° C.
- Example 10 40 parts by weight of 3GO, 5.6 parts by weight of Cellmic AN, 2.0 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), 0.4 parts by weight of benzophenone, based on 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl butyral (PVB1) And 1.4 parts by weight of carbon black was added to obtain a resin composition.
- the obtained resin composition was sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll at 110 ° C. and then extruded with an extruder to obtain a sheet-like body having a thickness of 1 mm.
- Both surfaces of the obtained sheet-like body were irradiated with 1500 mJ / cm 2 (365 nm) of ultraviolet rays using a high-pressure mercury lamp (TOSURE 401, manufactured by Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp.) to activate and crosslink benzophenone.
- the volume change due to foaming was restricted from extending in the surface direction by a Teflon (registered trademark) mesh and expanded only in the thickness direction, thereby obtaining a porous body having rugby ball-like bubbles.
- the cell microphone AN is manufactured by Sankyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., and has a decomposition temperature of 125 ° C. TMPTA manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd., and carbon black manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd. were used.
- Example 11 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) as a plasticizer was added to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl butyral 1 (PVB1) to obtain a resin composition.
- the obtained resin composition was sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll, and then extruded into a strand having a diameter of 1 mm using an extruder.
- the obtained strand-shaped body was cut into a length of 10 cm, and then randomly laminated so that the basis weight after thermocompression bonding was 400 g / m 2 .
- the obtained laminate was subjected to thermocompression bonding using a press machine, whereby the contact portions of the strands were thermally fused together to obtain a nonwoven fabric.
- the average diameter (average fiber diameter) of the fibers constituting the obtained nonwoven fabric was 1 mm, similar to the diameter of the strands.
- the distance between the press plates was 4 mm, the press temperature was 130 ° C., and the press time was 3 minutes.
- Example 12 A nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the strands were laminated so that the basis weight after thermocompression bonding was 300 g / m 2 .
- Example 13 A nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the strands were laminated so that the basis weight after thermocompression bonding was 800 g / m 2 .
- Comparative Example 1 As a comparative example, a commercially available polyethylene foam (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Softlon S, expansion ratio 30 times) was prepared.
- Comparative Example 2 As a comparative example, a commercially available polyethylene foam (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Softlon S, expansion ratio 40 times) was prepared.
- Comparative Example 3 As a comparative example, a commercially available polypropylene foam (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Softlon SP, expansion ratio 15 times) was prepared.
- Comparative Example 4 The polyethylene foam of Comparative Example 1 was perforated using a perforating roll provided with a needle having a thickness of 150 microns, so that the open cell ratio was 50%.
- Example 5 A porous body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the foaming temperature was 170 ° C.
- Example 6 A porous material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the pyrolytic foaming agent added was 3.0 parts by weight.
- the porous bodies and nonwoven fabrics obtained in the examples and comparative examples were cut into 10 cm length, 10 cm width, and 4 mm thickness to obtain measurement samples.
- the vertical direction and the horizontal direction were cut out using a cutter knife, and a band machine slicer (manufactured by Nippi Machinery Co., Ltd., model number “Band Machine NP-120RS”) was used for adjusting the thickness.
- a band machine slicer manufactured by Nippi Machinery Co., Ltd., model number “Band Machine NP-120RS”
- an average thickness of 4 mm ⁇ 0.1 mm was allowed.
- the polyvinyl acetal porous body and polyvinyl acetal nonwoven fabric which can exhibit very high impact absorptivity can be provided.
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
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- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
また、自動車や航空機に用いられる合わせガラスには、極めて厳格な品質基準が設けられており、ガラスと貼り合わせた際に気泡の巻き込み等があったものは不良品とされる。特に面積の大きなフロントガラスの場合、このような気泡の巻き込みは起こりやすく、全世界の合わせガラスの利用量を考えれば、膨大な量の不良品が発生しているものと思われる。
更に、使用済の合わせガラスを解体したときにも、大量の合わせガラス用中間膜が回収され、廃棄されている。
このように大量に発生する合わせガラス用中間膜の廃棄物について、リサイクル等の観点から再利用することが求められている。
このように合わせガラス用中間膜の有効なリサイクルの確立が急務となっている。
以下に本発明を詳述する。
上記ポリビニルアセタールや可塑剤は、合わせガラス用中間膜に用いられるものを用いることができる。従って、本発明のポリビニルアセタール多孔質体は、合わせガラス用中間膜のリサイクルに極めて好適である。
上記ポリビニルアセタールは、水酸基量の好ましい下限が15モル%、好ましい上限が35モル%である。水酸基量が15モル%以上であると、合わせガラス用中間膜とガラスとの接着性が高くなる。水酸基量が35モル%以下であると、合わせガラス用中間膜の取り扱いが容易になる。
なお、上記アセタール化度及び水酸基量は、例えば、JIS K6728「ポリビニルブチラール試験方法」に準拠して測定できる。
上記ポリビニルアルコールは、通常、ポリ酢酸ビニルを鹸化することにより得られ、鹸化度70~99.8モル%のポリビニルアルコールが一般的に用いられる。上記ポリビニルアルコールの鹸化度は、80~99.8モル%であることが好ましい。
上記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度の好ましい下限は500、好ましい上限は4000である。上記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度が500以上であると、得られる合わせガラスの耐貫通性が高くなる。上記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度が4000以下であると、合わせガラス用中間膜の成形が容易になる。上記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度のより好ましい下限は1000、より好ましい上限は3600である。
多くの合わせガラス用中間膜では、ポリビニルアセタール100重量部に対する可塑剤の含有量が20~55重量部程度であることから、廃棄された合わせガラス用中間膜をそのまま、本発明の多孔質体の原料として利用することができる。
なお、本明細書において連続気泡とは、多孔質体を形成する気泡がお互いにつながっているものを意味する。
また、上記連続気泡率は、寸法測定によって得られる多孔質体の見掛け体積に対する、多孔質体の外部にまで連結している気泡の容積割合で定義され、JIS K7138記載のピクノメータ法などにより測定することができる。
なお、上記平均気泡径は、気泡の断面観察写真より気泡壁部と空隙部とを観察して、空隙部のサイズを測定する方法により測定することができる。
なお、上記気泡の平均アスペクト比は、気泡の断面観察写真より空隙部の長径と短径とを測定してその比を計算する方法により測定することができる。
なお、本発明の多孔質体における比重とは、水の密度に対する多孔質体の密度を指すのではなく、例えば発泡体であれば、発泡前の密度の比に対する発泡後の密度の比、即ち、「発泡後の密度/発泡前の密度」を意味する。具体的には、測定重量と寸法測定によって得られる見掛け体積とから、「発泡後の密度=発泡後の測定重量/発泡後の見掛け体積」、「発泡前の密度=発泡前の測定重量/発泡前の見掛け体積」として計算することで、「比重=発泡後の密度/発泡前の密度」を求めることができる。また、発泡前の測定重量及び発泡前の見掛け体積が不明である場合には、比重=1/発泡倍率として計算することもできる。
本発明の多孔質体は、見掛け密度が50kg/m3以上であることが好ましい。上記見掛け密度が50kg/m3以上であることにより、得られる多孔質体に、良好な賦形性を付与することができる。上記見掛け密度は60kg/m3以上であることがより好ましく、80kg/m3以上であることが更に好ましく、100kg/m3以上であることが特に好ましい。
なお、上記跳ね返り係数の測定時の環境は、温度23℃、湿度50%Rhとする。
測定しようとする多孔質体の厚みが4mm未満である場合には、厚さが4mm超となるまで厚さ方向に多孔質体を積み重ねた後に、厚さが4mmとなるよう削って多孔質サンプルを作成してもよい。また、測定しようとする多孔質体の厚みが4mmを超える場合には、厚さが4mmとなるよう削って多孔質サンプルを作成してもよい。正確に厚さ4mmに削るのが困難な場合は、平均厚み4mm±0.1mmまでは許容とする。
上記多孔質体サンプルの厚みの調整には、バンドマシン・スライサー(例えば、ニッピ機械社製、型番「バンドマシンNP-120RS」等)等のスライサーを用いることができる。
上記発泡温度は、180℃以上であることが好ましい。180℃以上の温度では、発泡時に上記樹脂組成物が充分に軟化して気泡同士が連通し易くなるため、連続気泡が発生し易くなるものと考えられる。ポリビニルアセタール以外の樹脂からなる樹脂組成物では、発泡温度を高くしてもこのような連続気泡率の上昇は認められないことから、ポリビニルアセタールと可塑剤とを含有する樹脂組成物に独特の現象のようである。上記連続気泡率をより高くできることから、上記発泡温度は、190℃以上であることがより好ましく、230℃以上であることが更に好ましい。
上記熱分解型発泡剤のうち市販のものとしては、例えば、セルマイクシリーズ(三協化成社製)やビニホールシリーズ、セルラーシリーズ、ネオセルボンシリーズ(以上、永和化成社製)等が挙げられる。
また、上記跳ね返り係数測定用の不織布サンプルは、上述の本発明の多孔質体における多孔質体サンプルと同様の方法により調製することができる。
本発明のポリビニルアセタール多孔質体を含む遮音材もまた、本発明の1つである。
本発明のポリビニルアセタール多孔質体を含む衝撃吸収材もまた、本発明の1つである。
本発明のポリビニルアセタール多孔質体を含む振動吸収材もまた、本発明の1つである。
本発明のポリビニルアセタール不織布を含む遮音材もまた、本発明の1つである。
本発明のポリビニルアセタール不織布を含む衝撃吸収材もまた、本発明の1つである。
本発明のポリビニルアセタール不織布を含む振動吸収材もまた、本発明の1つである。
上記車両用部材としては、例えば、自動車や航空機、船舶等の車両の天井材、内装材、内装裏打ち材等の、振動、衝撃、音等の緩和を目的とした部材が挙げられる。
上記建築部材としては、例えば、床下地材、防音壁用材料、天井材、樹脂製及び金属製瓦の裏打ち材等の、振動、衝撃、音等の緩和を目的とした部材が挙げられる。
上記生活部材としては、例えば、カーペット裏材、カーテン素材、壁紙等の、振動、衝撃、音等の緩和を目的とした部材が挙げられる。
上記電気部材としては、例えば、携帯電話、タブレット、パソコン等の電子部品や、オーディオ、ヘッドフォン、テレビ、冷蔵庫、洗濯機、掃除機等の家電製品等、或いは業務用電気製品において、振動、衝撃、音等の緩和を目的として用いられる部材が挙げられる。
上記その他の用途の部材としては、例えば、室内外運動施設における床、マット、壁等の、追突時の衝撃緩和を目的として用いられる部材が挙げられる。
ポリビニルブチラール1(PVB1)100重量部に対し、可塑剤としてトリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)を40重量部、熱分解型発泡剤としてセルマイクCAPを8.4重量部、カーボンブラックを1.4重量部加えた。これを、110℃にてミキシングロールで充分に混練した後、押出機により押出して、シート状体を得た。
得られたシート状体を、オーブン中、230℃の発泡温度にて熱分解型発泡剤を分解させることにより、多孔質体を得た。
なお、PVB1は、水酸基の含有率30モル%、アセチル化度1モル%、ブチラール化度69モル%、平均重合度1700である。セルマイクCAPは、三協化成社製、分解温度125℃である。カーボンブラックは、東海カーボン社製、シーストSPを用いた。
測定用の多孔質体サンプルは縦50mm、横50mm、厚さ4mmにカットして液体窒素に1分間浸した後、カミソリ刃で厚さ方向に平行な面に沿って切断した。
その後、デジタルマイクロスコープ(キーエンス社製、製品名VHX-900)を用いて200倍の拡大写真を撮り、厚さ方向における長さ2mm分の切断面に存在する全ての気泡について気泡径を測定した。
その操作を測定箇所を変えて5回繰り返し、観察された全ての気泡径の平均値を平均気泡径とした。
なお、各気泡の気泡径は、観察された気泡に対して内接する内接円を描いた時の直径が最大となる内接円の直径とした。
平均気泡径を測定する際に、観察された各気泡に対して内接する楕円を描いた時の長径と短径を測定し、長径の長さを短径の長さで除してアスペクト比を求めた。観察された全ての気泡に対してアスペクト比を求め、得られたアスペクト比の平均値を求めた。
発泡温度を190℃とした以外は実施例1と同様にして多孔質体を得た。
熱分解型発泡剤の添加量を5.6重量部とした以外は実施例1と同様にして多孔質体を得た。
熱分解型発泡剤としてビニホールAC-K3(永和化成社製、分解温度210℃)を5.6重量部加えた以外は実施例1と同様にして多孔質体を得た。
可塑剤の添加量を20重量部とした以外は実施例1と同様にして多孔質体を得た。
可塑剤の添加量を20重量部とし、熱分解型発泡剤としてセルマイクCAPを5.6重量部用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして多孔質体を得た。
PVB1をポリビニルブチラール(PVB2、水酸基の含有率23モル%、アセチル化度13モル%、ブチラール化度64モル%、平均重合度2400)に変更し、更に可塑剤の含有量を60重量部に変更し、熱分解型発泡剤としてAC-K3を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして多孔質体を得た。
合わせガラス用中間膜として積水化学工業社製「S-LEC Clear Film」(表中では「S-LEC」と表記。)を用意した。上記合わせガラス用中間膜を7mm×10mmの大きさに細断して、小片状とし、再資源化材料を得た。
得られた再資源化材料を100重量部、熱分解型発泡剤としてセルマイクCAPを6重量部、カーボンブラックを1重量部加え、110℃にてミキシングロールで充分に混練した後、押出機により押出して、シート状体を得た。得られたシート状体を、オーブン中、230℃の発泡温度にて熱分解型発泡剤を分解させることにより、多孔質体を得た。
発泡温度を190℃とした以外は実施例3と同様にして多孔質体を得た。
ポリビニルブチラール(PVB1)100重量部に対して、3GOを40重量部、セルマイクANを5.6重量部、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(TMPTA)を2.0重量部、ベンゾフェノンを0.4重量部、及び、カーボンブラックを1.4重量部加えて樹脂組成物を得た。得られた樹脂組成物を110℃にてミキシングロールで充分に混練した後、押出機により押出して、厚み1mmのシート状体を得た。得られたシート状体の両面に、高圧水銀灯(東芝ライテック社製、TOSCURE401)を用いて、それぞれ1500mJ/cm2(365nm)の紫外線を照射することにより、ベンゾフェノンを活性化して架橋した。得られた架橋シートの両面にフッ素樹脂製ネット(フロンケミカル社製、NR0515、18メッシュ相当、厚み0.7mm)を両面に60℃で熱溶着させた状態で、オーブン中、230℃の発泡温度にて熱分解型発泡剤を分解させることで発泡させた。発泡後にフッ素樹脂製ネットを剥離した。発泡による体積変化は、テフロン(登録商標)メッシュにより面方向への伸長が拘束され、厚み方向にのみ膨張することにより、ラグビーボール状の気泡を有する多孔質体を得た。
なお、セルマイクANは、三協化成工業社製、分解温度125℃である。TMPTAは東海カーボン社製を、カーボンブラックは東海カーボン社製を用いた。
ポリビニルブチラール1(PVB1)100重量部に対し、可塑剤としてトリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)を40重量部加えて樹脂組成物を得た。得られた樹脂組成物を、ミキシングロールにて充分に混練した後、押出機を用いて直径1mmのストランド状体に押出した。
得られたストランド状体を長さ10cmにカットした後、熱圧着後の目付が400g/m2となるようにランダムに積層した。得られた積層体を、プレス機を用いて熱圧着することにより、ストランド状体の接触部を互いに熱融着させて不織布を得た。
得られた不織布を構成する繊維の平均直径(平均繊維径)は、ストランド状体の直径と同様に1mmであった。
熱圧着では、プレス板間の間隔を4mm、プレス温度を130℃、プレス時間を3分間の条件とした。
ストランド状体を、熱圧着後の目付が300g/m2となるように積層した以外は実施例11と同様にして不織布を得た。
ストランド状体を、熱圧着後の目付が800g/m2となるように積層した以外は実施例11と同様にして不織布を得た。
比較例として市販のポリエチレン系発泡体(積水化学工業社製、ソフトロンS、発泡倍率30倍)を準備した。
比較例として市販のポリエチレン系発泡体(積水化学工業社製、ソフトロンS、発泡倍率40倍)を準備した。
比較例として市販のポリプロピレン系発泡体(積水化学工業社製、ソフトロンSP、発泡倍率15倍)を準備した。
比較例1のポリエチレン系発泡体に太さ150ミクロンの針が備えられた穿孔ロールを用いて穿孔することで、連続気泡率50%とした。
発泡温度を170℃とした以外は実施例1と同様にして多孔質体を得た。
熱分解型発泡剤の添加量を3.0重量部とした以外は実施例1と同様にして多孔質体を得た。
実施例及び比較例で得られた多孔質体について、以下の方法で評価を行った。結果を表1及び表2に示した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた多孔質体及び不織布を、縦10cm、横10cm、厚さ4mmに切り出して測定用サンプルとした。縦方向及び横方向はカッターナイフを用いて切り出し、厚さの調整にはバンドマシン・スライサー(ニッピ機械社製、型番「バンドマシンNP-120RS」)を用いた。なお、正確に厚さ4mmに切り出すのが困難な場合は、平均厚み4mm±0.1mmまでは許容とした。
縦15cm、横15cm、厚さ1cmの鉄板上に測定用サンプルを置き、10cm、20cm及び30cmの落球高さからJIS B 1501に準拠した相当インチ寸法1/2インチのSUS玉を落したときの跳ね返り高さを特定したときの跳ね返り係数(跳ね返り高さ/落球高さ)を算出した。なお、測定時の環境は、温度23℃、湿度50%Rhとした。
上記落球試験と同様の方法により、縦10cm、横10cm、厚さ4mmの測定用サンプルを得た。
縦10cm以上、横10cm以上、厚さ1cmの鉄板上に測定用サンプルを置き、測定用サンプルより20cm又は30cm上方より、共栓三角フラスコ(容量10mL、全高50mm、最大外径30mm)を、閉栓状態で底が下となるように、垂直に落下させた。
この操作を10回連続で実施したときに、落下の衝撃により栓がフラスコから外れなかった回数を表1及び表2に記載した。
Claims (13)
- ポリビニルアセタールと可塑剤を含有し、多数の気泡を有するポリビニルアセタール多孔質体であって、
前記多孔質体は、連続気泡率が10%以上であり、
縦10cm、横10cm、厚さ4mmの多孔質体サンプルを縦10cm以上、横10cm以上、厚さ1cmの鉄板上に置き、一定の落球高さから多孔質体サンプルの中央に向かってJIS B 1501に準拠した1/2インチSUS玉を落したときの跳ね返り高さを測定したときの跳ね返り係数(跳ね返り高さ/落球高さ)が0.1以下である
ことを特徴とするポリビニルアセタール多孔質体。 - 連続気泡率が14%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のポリビニルアセタール多孔質体。
- 平均気泡径が100~1000μmであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載のポリビニルアセタール多孔質体。
- 気泡の平均アスペクト比が2以下であることを特徴とする請求項1、2又は3記載のポリビニルアセタール多孔質体。
- 比重が0.3以下であることを特徴とする請求項1、2、3又は4記載のポリビニルアセタール多孔質体。
- 発泡体であることを特徴とする請求項1、2、3、4又は5記載のポリビニルアセタール多孔質体。
- 請求項1、2、3、4、5又は6記載のポリビニルアセタール多孔質体を含むことを特徴とする遮音材。
- 請求項1、2、3、4、5又は6記載のポリビニルアセタール多孔質体を含むことを特徴とする振動吸収材。
- 請求項1、2、3、4、5又は6記載のポリビニルアセタール多孔質体を含むことを特徴とする衝撃吸収材。
- ポリビニルアセタールと可塑剤を含有する繊維からなるポリビニルアセタール不織布であって、
前記不織布は、目付が100~800g/m2であり、
縦10cm、横10cm、厚さ4mmの不織布サンプルを縦10cm以上、横10cm以上、厚さ1cmの鉄板上に置き、一定の落球高さから不織布サンプルの中央に向かってJIS B 1501に準拠した1/2インチSUS玉を落したときの跳ね返り高さを測定したときの跳ね返り係数(跳ね返り高さ/落球高さ)が0.1以下である
ことを特徴とするポリビニルアセタール不織布。 - 請求項10記載のポリビニルアセタール不織布を含むことを特徴とする遮音材。
- 請求項10記載のポリビニルアセタール不織布を含むことを特徴とする振動吸収材。
- 請求項10記載のポリビニルアセタール不織布を含むことを特徴とする衝撃吸収材。
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| WO2022172833A1 (ja) | 2021-02-10 | 2022-08-18 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 発泡体、積層発泡体、樹脂シート及び住宅用建材 |
| CN116547138A (zh) * | 2021-02-10 | 2023-08-04 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | 发泡体、层叠发泡体、树脂片和住宅用建材 |
| KR20230145024A (ko) | 2021-02-10 | 2023-10-17 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | 발포체, 적층 발포체, 수지 시트 및 주택용 건재 |
| KR20230145025A (ko) | 2021-02-10 | 2023-10-17 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | 발포체, 적층 발포체, 적층체 및 주택용 건재 |
| KR20230145028A (ko) | 2021-02-10 | 2023-10-17 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | 발포체, 적층 발포체, 수지 시트 및 주택용 건재 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7369168B2 (ja) | 2023-10-25 |
| JP2022019765A (ja) | 2022-01-27 |
| AU2017299835A1 (en) | 2018-10-25 |
| KR20190032269A (ko) | 2019-03-27 |
| CN109071861B (zh) | 2022-03-01 |
| MX2019000368A (es) | 2019-05-23 |
| TW201829569A (zh) | 2018-08-16 |
| JPWO2018016536A1 (ja) | 2019-05-09 |
| JP6975044B2 (ja) | 2021-12-01 |
| ZA201806720B (en) | 2020-01-29 |
| US10696812B2 (en) | 2020-06-30 |
| EP3489286A4 (en) | 2020-01-22 |
| EP3489286B1 (en) | 2021-03-31 |
| BR112018072949A2 (pt) | 2019-02-19 |
| EP3489286A1 (en) | 2019-05-29 |
| US20190127544A1 (en) | 2019-05-02 |
| CN109071861A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
| RU2019100470A (ru) | 2020-08-20 |
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