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WO2018009983A1 - Machine électrique sans balai - Google Patents

Machine électrique sans balai Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018009983A1
WO2018009983A1 PCT/AU2017/050733 AU2017050733W WO2018009983A1 WO 2018009983 A1 WO2018009983 A1 WO 2018009983A1 AU 2017050733 W AU2017050733 W AU 2017050733W WO 2018009983 A1 WO2018009983 A1 WO 2018009983A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coils
electrical machine
machine according
rotor
brushless electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU2017/050733
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gregory Paxton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Energy Dynamics Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
Energy Dynamics Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2016902779A external-priority patent/AU2016902779A0/en
Application filed by Energy Dynamics Technology Ltd filed Critical Energy Dynamics Technology Ltd
Publication of WO2018009983A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018009983A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/04—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for rectification
    • H02K11/049—Rectifiers associated with stationary parts, e.g. stator cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical machine and in particular to a brushless electrical machine and a method of using such a machine.
  • Embodiments of the invention have been particularly developed as electrical generators and will be described herein with particular reference to that application. However, it will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to such a field of use, and is also applicable in broader contexts such as electrical motors and other electrical machines.
  • the rotor is a disk or a cylinder, consisting of ceramic or ainico type permanent magnets or coils made from copper wire wound on laminated iron poles.
  • the stator consists of coil windings or magnets or both. When the rotor is rotated, the magnets cause electrical current to flow in the windings, which is then used to power various devices.
  • a brashless generator including:
  • stator having a plurality of spaced apart first coils, a corresponding plurality of spaced apart second coils, and a corresponding plurality of spaced apart third coils, wherein each first coil is bifiiarly wound with a respective second coil and each third coil is connected in a closed circuit with a respective second coil;
  • a rotor having:
  • a rotor core that is mounted for relative rotation with respect to the stator and which has a periphery that, in use, is adjacent to the stator; and a plurality of spaced apart permanent magnets mounted to the rotor core at or adjacent to the periphery;
  • an input shaft for allowing rotation of the rotor relative to the stator such the movement of at least one of the permanent magnets produces a voltage across at least one of the first coils; and a switching device for receiving the voltage produced across the at least one of the first coils and selectively applying that voltage to an electrical outlet.
  • the electric outlet includes electrical terminals for selectively electrically connecting to an electrical load.
  • the electrical outlet includes an energy storage device disposed between the switching device and the electrical terminals.
  • the energy storage device is a capacitor.
  • the electric outlet includes an inverter disposed between the energy storage device and the terminals for allowing an AC voltage to be produced at the terminals.
  • the permanent magnets are rare-earth magnets.
  • the generator includes an even number of permanent magnets.
  • the permanent magnets are mounted to the core in diametrically opposite pairs.
  • the coils have soft iron cores.
  • the coils are formed substantially from copper windings.
  • the generator includes an even number of first, second and third coils.
  • the number of each of the first, second and third coils is an integral multiple of four
  • the generator includes two first coils, two second coils and two third coils.
  • the rotor core is formed substantially from an amorphous metal.
  • the rotor core is formed substantially from at least one amorphous metal.
  • the movement of the at least one of the permanent magnets directly produces a voltage across at least one of the first coils.
  • the movement of the at least one of the permanent magnets indirectly produces a voltage across at least one of the first coils.
  • the movement of the at least one of the permanent magnets directly produces a voltage across at least one of the third coils which, in turn, results in the voltage being produced across at least one of the first coils.
  • the switching device applies the voltage to the electrical outlet such that the resultant current flow reduces the back-electromotive force experienced by the generator.
  • the generator includes a sensor for providing a first signal indicative of the rotational position of the rotor relative to the stator, wherein the switching device is responsive to the signal for selective applying the voltage to the electrical outlet.
  • a brushless motor including:
  • stator having a plurality of spaced apart first coils, a corresponding plurality of spaced apart second coils, and a corresponding plurality of spaced apart third coils, wherein each first coil is bifilarlv wound with a respective second coil and each third coil is connected in a closed circuit with a respective second coil;
  • a rotor having:
  • a rotor core that is mounted for relative rotation with respect to the stator and which has a periphery that, in use, is adjacent to the stator; and a plurality of spaced apart permanent magnets mounted to the rotor core at or adjacent to the periphery;
  • an input shaft for allowing rotation of the rotor relative to the stator such the movement of at least one of the permanent magnets produces a voltage across at least one of the first coils; and a switching device for selectively energizing the first coils for producing rotation of the rotor relative to the stator.
  • a hrushless generator/motor including:
  • stator having a first set of coils and a second set of coils, wherein the coils in the sets are alternated with each other;
  • a rotor having:
  • a rotor core that is mounted for relative rotation with respect to the stator and which has a periphery that, in use, is adjacent to the stator; and a plurality of spaced apart permanent magnets mounted to the rotor core at or adjacent to the periphery such that during rotation of the core the magnets are simultaneously opposed alternatively to respective coils in the first set and the second set; and
  • a switching device for selectively energizing and drawing energy from the first set of coils and the second set of coils during relative rotation of the rotor core with respect to the stator.
  • a brushless electrical machine including:
  • stator having a plurality of spaced apart first coils, a corresponding plurality of spaced apart second coils, and a corresponding plurality of spaced apart third coils, wherein each first coil is bifilarlv wound with a respective second coil and each third coil is connected in a closed circuit with a respective second coil;
  • a rotor having:
  • a rotor core that is mounted for relative rotation with respect to the stator and which has a periphery that, in use, is adjacent to the stator; and a plurality of spaced apart permanent magnets mounted to the rotor core at or adjacent to the periphery; and a switching device for any one or more of: energizing the first coils; drawing energy from the first coils; and electrically isolating the first coils.
  • a method of generating a voltage including the steps of:
  • each first coil is bifilarly wound with a respective second coil and each third coil is connected in a closed circuit with a respective second coil;
  • a rotor core that is mounted for relative rotation with respect to the stator and which has a periphery that, in use, is adjacent to the stator; and a plurality of spaced apart permanent magnets mounted to the rotor core at or adjacent to the periphery;
  • a switching device for receiving the voltage produced across the at least one of the first coils and selectively applying that voltage to an electrical outlet.
  • a sixth aspect of the invention there is provided a method of generating mechanical rotation, the method including the steps of:
  • each first coil is bifilarly wound with a respective second coil and each third coil is connected in a closed circuit with a respective second coil;
  • a rotor core that is mounted for relative rotation with respect to the stator and which has a periphery that, in use, is adjacent to the stator; and a plurality of spaced apart permanent magnets mounted to the rotor core at or adjacent to the periphery;
  • an output shaft for supporting the rotor and for transmitting the rotation of the rotor to a mechanical load.
  • a seventh aspect of the invention there is provided a method of operating a brushless generator/motor, the method including the steps of:
  • stator having a first set of coils and a second set of coils, wherein the coils in the sets are alternated with each other;
  • a rotor having:
  • a rotor core that is mounted for relative rotation with respect to the stator and which has a periphery that, in use, is adjacent to the stator; and a plurality of spaced apart permanent magnets mounted to the rotor core at or adjacent to the periphery such that during rotation of the core the magnets are simultaneously opposed alternatively to respective coils in the first set and the second set; and
  • stator having a plurality of spaced apart first coils, a corresponding plurality of spaced apart second coils, and a corresponding plurality of spaced apart third coils, wherein each first coil is bifilailv wound with a respective second coil and each third coil is connected in a closed circuit with a respective second coil;
  • a rotor having:
  • a rotor core that is mounted for relative rotation with respect to the stator and which has a periphery that, in use, is adjacent to the stator; and a plurality of spaced apart permanent magnets mounted to the rotor core at or adjacent to the periphery;
  • a brushless electrical machine including:
  • a rotor having:
  • stator having a plurality of spaced apart first coils that are connected in parallel and a plurality of spaced apart second coils that are magnetically coupled with respective first coils, wherein the stator receives the rotor to allow for movement between the magnetic poles and the first coils so that one of the following induces the other:
  • the plurality of permanent magnets present the same polarity at the periphery.
  • the plurality of permanent magnets present alternate magnetic polarities at the periphery.
  • the plurality of permanent magnets includes a number of magnets that is even.
  • the number of magnets is an integral multiple of four.
  • the magnets in the plurality of permanent magnets are equally angularly spaced about the periphery.
  • the first coils are each wound around respective cores.
  • the second coils are each wound around respective cores shared with a corresponding first coil.
  • first coils include first windings of a common first diameter and the second coils include second windings of a common second diameter.
  • the common first diameter is about 0.50 to 0.60 mm.
  • the common first diameter is about 0.55 mm.
  • the common second diameter is about 0.40 to 0.50 mm.
  • the common second diameter is about 0.46 mm.
  • the common first diameter is greater than the common second diameter.
  • the common first diameter is about 18% to 21% greater than the common second diameter.
  • the first coils are bifiiar.
  • the second coils are bifiiar.
  • the second coils are connected in parallel to an output.
  • the second coils are connected to the output via a rectification circuit.
  • the rectification circuit is bidirectional.
  • the brushless electrical machine includes a starter circuit.
  • the starter circuit includes at least one coil disposed intermediate at least two of the first coils.
  • a rotor having:
  • stator having a plurality of spaced apart first coils that are connected in parallel a plurality of spaced apart second coils that are magnetically coupled with respective first coils, wherein the stator receives the rotor such the periphery rotates past the first coils such that one of the following induces the other:
  • a brushless electrical machine including:
  • an axle extending substantially normal to and being supported by one or more of the plates; a rotor that is mounted to the axle for rotation relative to the plates, where the rotor includes a circumferential periphery at or adjacent to which are disposed a plurality of spaced apart permanent magnets that generate respective magnetic fields; and a plurality of coil assemblies being supported by one or more of the plates and past which the magnetic fields are selectively moved to transfer energy between the rotor and the assemblies.
  • the electrical machine includes n rotors and (n + 1) plates.
  • the electrical machine includes n rotors, where n > 2, and (n - 1) plates.
  • the electrical machine includes n rotors and 2n plates.
  • the plates in use, include opposed faces having respective mounting formations for receiving the coil assemblies.
  • the mounting formations include channels.
  • the channels are machined in the plate.
  • the channels extend radially.
  • the assemblies are releasably slideably received by the mounting formations for allowing selective radial movement of the assemblies.
  • each assembly includes a mounting frame that is received by the mounting formations, at least one coil that is supported by the frame and which is, in use, moveable radially relative to the frame.
  • the plates are secured to each other.
  • each of the plates includes two opposite faces and a peripheral edge extending between the faces.
  • the plates are at least partly secured to each other by one or more of: at least one member that extends between the opposed faces of adjacent plates; and at least one member that extends between the edges of at least two of the plates.
  • a method of operating a brushless electrical machine including the steps of:
  • exemplary is used in the sense of providing examples, as opposed to indicating quality. That is, an "exemplary embodiment” is an embodiment provided as an example, as opposed to necessarily being an embodiment of exemplary quality.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrical machine according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the machine of Figure 1 illustrating schematically the electrical connections between the coils;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the wiring for a stator of a generator according to a further embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the wiring for a further generator/motor according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 5 is a top view of a further embodiment of a brushless electrical machine according to a further embodiment of the invention in the form of a generator having a stator with the wiring illustrated in Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a side view of the machine of figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a top view of one of the assemblies used in the generator of Figure 5.
  • a brushless generator 1 including a generally cylindrical stator 2 having a stator housing 3 for containing, as shown in Figure 2, two diametrically opposed first coils 5 and 6, two diametrically opposed second coils 7 and 8, and two diametrically opposed third coils 9 and 10.
  • Coils 5 and 6 are bifilarly wound with coil 7 and 8 respectively, and coils 9 and 10 are connected in respective closed circuits with coils 7 and 8.
  • a rotor 15 has a generally cylindrical rotor core 16 that is mounted for relative rotation with respect to stator 2 and which has a continuous circumferential periphery 20 that, in use, is adjacent to and opposed with a generally cylindrical continuous inner surface 21 of housing 3.
  • rare-earth permanent magnets 23, 24, 25 and 26 are mounted to core 1 6 adjacent to periphery 20 with respective south poles being most closely adjacent to surface 21.
  • An input shaft 31 extends along an axis 32 for allowing rotation of rotor 15 about that axis relative to stator 2, such that the consequent movement of at least one of the permanent magnets 23, 24, 25 or 26, produces a voltage across at least one of coils 5 and 6.
  • a switching device in the form of a control circuit 35, receives the voltage produced across the at least one of coils 5 and 6 and selectively applies that voltage to an electrical outlet 40.
  • the shaft 31 is able to be driven mechanically by one of a variety of external sources to produce rotation of rotor 15 relative to stator 3 and hence movement of magnets 23 to 26 relative to coils 5 to 10.
  • the external source is an internal combustion engine (such as a petrol fuelled engine or a diesel fuelled engine), a wind powered system, a hydroelectric system, or other such source.
  • Outlet 40 includes two electrical terminals 41 and 42 for selectively electrically connecting to an electrical load 43.
  • outlet 40 includes an energy storage device such as a battery and/or a capacitor (not shown) and an inverter (not shown) disposed between the circuit 35 and terminals 41 and 43 for allowing the energy obtained from the voltage produced by coils 5 and 6 to be stored and then converted into an AC voltage that is supplied to load 43.
  • outlet 40 includes a buck/boost converter for supplying a DC voltage to load 43.
  • Magnets 23 to 26 inclusive are all substantially alike rare-earth magnets that are generally cylindrical in shape and each of which has a unitary form. In other embodiments, a plurality of separate magnets is stacked and secured together to form, a single one of magnets 23 to 26.
  • All of coils 5 to 10 are formed of copper wire that is wound around soft iron cores (not shown). As coils 5 and 7 are bifilar, they are wound around a common soft iron core. Similarly, coils 6 and 8 are wound around another common soft iron core that is separate from the other.
  • first, second and third coils there is an even number of first, second and third coils and, moreover, the number of each of the first, second and third coils is an integral multiple of four.
  • Rotor core 16 is formed substantially from an amorphous metal such as amorphous polycrystalline ferrite. In other embodiments, a different amorphous metal, or combination of amorphous metals, is used. Particularly, core 16 includes four equally angularly spaced apart radial diverging amorphous metal members 45, 45, 47 and 48 that extend between first ends that are engaged with shaft 31 and second ends that are engaged with respective magnets 23, 24, 25 and 26. Members 45 to 48 are rigid and generally cylindrical and, in use, maintain the respective magnets 23 to 26 closely adjacent to periphery 20.
  • the coils 5 to 10 are configured such that the movement of magnets 23 to 26 directly produces a voltage across at least one of the first coils.
  • Generator 1 includes a sensor device (not shown) including a plurality of sensors for providing a respective sensor signals indicative of characteristics of operation of the generator. This includes a first signal indicative of the rotational position of rotor 15 relative to stator 3, together with timing information, such that circuit 35 is able to be responsive to the first signal for selective applying the voltage to outlet 40 to allow the back-emf to be minimised.
  • circuit 35 is a solid state switching circuit that includes many different electronic components that are combined to provide the switching required. In this embodiment use is made of primarily MOSFET devices to provide the switching due to the fast acting and low loss characteristics of these devices. However, in other embodiments bipolar devices, or a combination of bipolar- and MOSFET devices are used. It will also be appreciated that circuit 15 includes a processor for containing software code that is executable to control the MOSFET devices to accurately switch the current supplied to and drawn from, coils 5 and 6 in response to the relevant sensor signals being received.
  • the soft iron metal used in the cores about which coils 5 to 10 are wound exhibit practically zero hysteresis loss, have little or no magnetic memory, and cannot sustain any current flow even though they will polarize magnetically nearly as well as iron and other alloys used for cores. Consequently, the cores do not appreciably heat up during normal operation of generator 1.
  • Circuit 35 turns the stator coils 5 and 6 "on” and “off at the appropriate times to "clip” and channel the current flow through all the coils 5 to 10. This is done to minimise the build up of back-emf in generator 1.
  • the rotor and stator of generator 1 is configured as a motor, in that load 43 is substituted with an electrical energy source and circuit 35 operates to selectively energise coils 5 and 6 such that shaft 31 is rotated for mechanically supplying rotational energy to an external mechanical load (not shown). That is, circuit 35 selective switches a DC voltage across coils 5 and 6 directly, which results in voltages being produced also in coils 7 to 10. As the voltage is switched, when transitions between both "on” and “off, there are relatively large changes in currents flowing in the coils and, hence, relatively rapidly expanding, or contracting magnetic fields being generated.
  • the sensor device in this embodiment includes a position sensor to facilitate the correct timing of the energisation and de- energisation of coils 5 and 6 by circuit 35.
  • a position sensor include a Hall Effect Sensor, an optical encoder, a special sensing coil.
  • coils 5 and 6 When coils 5 and 6 are energised they create respective expanding magnetic fields which repel the adjacent magnet such that rotor 15 is rotated relative to stator 6, and mechanical rotation induced in shaft 31.
  • the magnetic output of coils 5 and 6 will be dependent upon the size and type of the core material, the number of turns of wire in the coil, the diameter and length of the wire and the material from which it is made, and the temporal characteristics of the current that is applied to the coil.
  • the rotor and stator of generator 1 include eight equally spaced apart rare -earth permanent magnets, arranged in two like sets that are equally angularly displaced such that the magnets in each set are alternated about periphery 20 with magnets from the other set.
  • This allows circuit 35 to drive one set of magnets as a generator and the other set as a motor and for that to be done simultaneously, if required.
  • the preferential rotational speed for the motor/generator is 2,300 RPM.
  • the first coils in one of the sets are energised, by circuit 35, with a short pulse of current (2 Amps at 16 V DC) when a magnet is directly adjacent to those first coils. This results in those magnets being repelled and rotation of shaft 31 to occur. When the following magnets are directly adjacent to those same first coils a further energisation of the first coils occurs, and so on.
  • the use of the bifilar configuration allows reclamation of energy that would otherwise be expended in generating a back-emf in the motor.
  • the other set of coils are used to draw electrical energy from the motor generator, which is stored in a battery and/or capacitor or other energy storage device.
  • a brushless electrical machine including:
  • stator having a plurality of spaced apart first coils, a corresponding plurality of spaced apart second coils, and a corresponding plurality of spaced apart third coils, wherein each first coil is bi.fil.arly wound with a respective second coil and each third coil is connected in a closed circuit with a respective second coil;
  • a rotor having:
  • a rotor core that is mounted for relative rotation with respect to the stator and which has a periphery that, in use, is adjacent to the stator; and a plurality of spaced apart permanent magnets mounted to the rotor core at or adjacent to the periphery;
  • a switching device for any one or more of: energizing the first coils; drawing energy from the first coils; electrically isolating the first coils.
  • Generator 51 is a brushless electrical machine including a rotor having a rotor core with a periphery (none of which are explicitly shown) for supporting a plurality of eighty equally angularly spaced apart permanent magnets 52 providing north polarity magnetic poles at the periphery.
  • the stator 2 has a plurality of spaced apart first coils 53 that are connected in simple parallel with each other - that is, there are no intervening active or passive components between the coils, only conductors.
  • a plurality of spaced apart second coils 54 are magnetically coupled with respective first coils 53.
  • Stator 2 receives the rotor to allow for movement between the magnetic poles of magnets 52 and coils 53 so that one of the following induces the other: relative rotation between the stator and the rotor; and a voltage across the second coils.
  • magnets 52 present the same polarity at the periphery to facilitate a consistent configuration, and winding of coils 53 and 54. In other embodiments, magnets 52 present alternate magnetic polarities at the periphery and coils 53 and 54 are wound/energised accordingly.
  • the embodiment illustrated in Figure 3 is configured for simplicity of wiring. In other embodiments, for example, where each coil 53 and/or 54 is individually switched, then any predetermined combination or sequence of magnetic polarities provided by magnets 52 at the periphery of the rotor are able to be accommodated.
  • the plurality of permanent magnets in this embodiment includes a number of magnets that is even, and an integral multiple of four. Moreover, magnets 52 are equally angularly spaced about the periphery.
  • Coils 53 are each wound around respective cores (not shown) together with respective coils 54.
  • Coils 53 include first copper windings of a common first diameter of 0.55 mm and coils 54 include second copper windings of a common second diameter of 0.46 mm.
  • the grade of copper used in the windings is common, and the conductive connections between coils 53 is also of the common first diameter.
  • the common first diameter is other than 0.55 mm. It has been found that a preferential common first diameter about 0.50 to 0.60 mm. However, for small electrical machines it is possible to use smaller diameter windings.
  • the common second diameter is other than 0.46 mm. It has been found that a preferential common first diameter about 0.40 to 0.50 mm. However, for small electrical machines it is possible to use smaller diameter windings.
  • coils 53 and 54 are all bifilar.
  • Coils 54 are connected in parallel to an output 55 via a rectification circuit including sub-circuits 56 for each coil 54. It will be noted that sub-circuits 56 are bidirectional to allow for generator 51 to be configured to operate as an electrical motor. A smoothing capacitor is connected across the output terminals defining output 55 to providing smoothing of the rectified voltage that is provided collectively by coils 54 as the rotor and stator rotate relative to each other.
  • Generator 51 includes a starter circuit 57 for inducing rotational movement between the stator and the rotor, which is used to start the rotation if the external source of rotation for generator 51 is not able to provide sufficient toque to overcome any static friction and magnetic forces within generator 51.
  • circuit 57 includes a single starter coil 58 that is disposed intermediate two of coils 53 and which is selectively energised by switching coil 58 (by way of operating switch 59) in series with an energy source such as a battery 60, to induce the required rotation between the rotor and the stator.
  • different starter circuits are used.
  • a plurality of like generators 51 is conjoined along a common axle. That is, the generators are axiaily spaced apart with the stators being fixed with respect to each other, and the rotors rotating in unison within respective stators.
  • the stators are formed from a single stator member to which the separate wiring circuits are mounted in an axiaily spaced apart configuration.
  • the stator is formed from a plurality of parallel aluminium plates having substantially central aligned apertures through which the axle extends and between which, in use, the rotors are mounted.
  • a generator 61 includes a controller, in the form or a microprocessor based controller 62, that is programmed to operate switch 59 and a further switch 63 to further refine the operation of the generator.
  • switches 59 and 63 are implemented as high voltage solid state switches via switching unit such as that manufactured and sold under the BEHLKE trademark as model number HTS 71-02 -C. In other embodiments use is made of different switches.
  • outlet 55 acts as an inlet and is connected to a power source such as a rectified mains power network (or another DC power source such as a battery or bank of batteries) and controller 62 operates switch 63 to selectively energise coils 54 and thereby induce rotation between the stator and rotor, it will be appreciated that the voltage applied to the output in this mode of operation will be of an opposite polarity to that shown in the figure.
  • a power source such as a rectified mains power network (or another DC power source such as a battery or bank of batteries) and controller 62 operates switch 63 to selectively energise coils 54 and thereby induce rotation between the stator and rotor
  • Generator 71 includes a stator 71a and a rotor 71b mounted to an axle 71c for allowing relative rotation between the stator and rotor.
  • Stator 71 a has an aluminium foot plate 72 from which upwardly extend two parallel and spaced apart generally square aluminium support plates 73 and 74.
  • the support plates are formed from 8 mm thick machined aluminium and are bolted or otherwise secured to plate 72. Plates 73 and 74 are further retained in a fixed parallel configuration by eight equally circumferentially spaced apart axiaily extending aluminium spacers 75. In this embodiment the spacers are formed from 30 mm aluminium round bar and are about 130 mm long axiaily.
  • the opposed faces of plates 73 and 74 include machined radial channels 76, where opposed pairs of those channels slideably receive respective coil assemblies 77.
  • Each coil assembly includes both a respective coil 53 and 54 (not shown in Figures 5 and 6) co-wound about a common former. Those coils 53 and 54 are wired as illustrated in Figure 3. Once received within respective pairs of channels, each assembly 77 is aligned to have their respective radial inner ends as close as possible to the radial periphery of rotor 71b. The intention is to minimise the air gap between the two while preventing direct physical contact. Accordingly, regard is had to the tolerances of the machining that has occurred, the anticipated wear over a given service interval, and a safety margin. Once positioned, each assembly 77 is locked radially by a respective grub screw and then coils 53 and 54 are wired together with the other assemblies to form the required overall electrical circuit.
  • assembly 77 includes coils 53 and 54 would together to form a composite winding 81 that is wound on a former 82.
  • the former is supported by spaced apart radial inner and radial outer lateral members 83 and 84.
  • the lateral ends of both members 83 and 84 include like engagement channels (not shown) for receiving one of radially extending and laterally spaced apart guide members 85 and 86.
  • These members 85 and 86 are fixedly located with respect to each other by an adjoining bar 87.
  • An adjustment mechanism in the form of two spaced apart lock bolts 89 and 90 that extend between former 82 and bar 87, allow for selective axial movement of winding 81. That is, as bolts 89 and 90 are rotated, winding 81 moves axiaily as members 83 and 84 are guided by both members 85 and 86.
  • members 85 and 86 are received within respective ones of the opposed channels in a pair of channels in plates 73 and 74.
  • assembly 77 is radially located, and fixed to one or both of plates 73 and 74, a technician is able to adjust bolts 89 and 90 to fine tune any radial positioning of winding 81.
  • This form of assembly 77 also facilitates any later servicing of generator 71 which requires the radial adjustment of winding 81.
  • plate 72 is able to be easily extended to also provide a mounting formation for further like support plates such that compound electrical machine formed from adjacent axiaily spaced machines is formed. That is, the components described above enable a substantially modular approach to building an electrical machine. For a twin rotor machine it is possible to use only three suitably formed plates. That is, for an n rotor machine there is a need for only (n + 1) plates). However, in other embodiments, where n > 2, it is possible to have the two end rotors - that is, those rotors between which the other rotor or rotors are disposed - supported on axle 71c and being adjacent only one respective plate. That is, for the n rotors there would be (n - 1) plates.
  • the plates and rotor are disposed either wholly or partly within a housing or other enclosure.
  • generator 71 which includes:
  • axle 71c extending substantially normal to and being supported by one or more of the plates 73 and 74;
  • a rotor 71b that is mounted to the axle 71c for rotation relative to the plates 73 and 74, where the rotor includes a circumferential periphery at or adjacent to which are disposed a plurality of spaced apart permanent magnets 52 that generate respective magnetic fields;
  • a plurality of coil assemblies 77 being supported by one or more or the plates (73, 74) and past which the magnetic fields are selectively moved to transfer energy between the rotor 71b and the assemblies 77.
  • the transfer of energy is from rotational energy of rotor 71 b to electrical energy generated by the coils in assemblies 77. If the electrical machine is operated as an electric motor, the transfer of electrical energy supplied to the coils in assemblies 77 to rotational energy of rotor 71b.
  • amorphous polycrystalline ferrite compound By using amorphous polycrystalline ferrite compound, expensive components made from Metgiass or specially laminated steels are able to be eliminated from the machine. That is, it becomes possible for the entire structure of the machine to be made of extruded components of plastic/ferrite.
  • Using one or more amorphous metals in the rotor reduces the hysteresis losses which are normally found in iron, as well as the inductive heat build up.
  • amorphous metal in the rotor provides magnetic energy densities up to ten times higher than those of conventional materials, which allows for a more compact and efficient design.
  • Coupled may mean that two or more elements are either in direct physical or electrical contact, or that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other but yet still co-operate or interact with each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un générateur sans balai (1) qui comprend un stator cylindrique (2) destiné à contenir deux premières bobines diamétralement opposées (5) et (6), deux deuxièmes bobines diamétralement opposées (7) et (8) et deux troisièmes bobines diamétralement opposées (9) et (10). Les bobines (5) et (6) sont enroulées de manière bifilaire avec les bobines (7) et (8), respectivement, et les bobines (9) et (10) sont connectées dans des circuits fermés respectifs avec les bobines (7) et (8). Le générateur est du type à rotor interne. Quatre aimants permanents de terres rares espacés radialement (23, 24, 25) et (26) sont montés sur un noyau (16) adjacent à la périphérie (20), les pôles sud respectifs étant le plus possible adjacents à la surface (21). La rotation du rotor entraîne le déplacement des aimants permanents (23, 24, 25) et (26) et produit une tension à travers les bobines (5) et (6). Un dispositif de commutation ou un circuit de commande (35) applique sélectivement cette tension à une prise électrique (40).
PCT/AU2017/050733 2016-07-15 2017-07-14 Machine électrique sans balai Ceased WO2018009983A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2016902779 2016-07-15
AU2016902779A AU2016902779A0 (en) 2016-07-15 A brushless electrical machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018009983A1 true WO2018009983A1 (fr) 2018-01-18

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PCT/AU2017/050733 Ceased WO2018009983A1 (fr) 2016-07-15 2017-07-14 Machine électrique sans balai

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TW (1) TW201817129A (fr)
WO (1) WO2018009983A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3482156A (en) * 1966-07-19 1969-12-02 Nachum Porath Permanent magnet rotor type motor and control therefor
US3649903A (en) * 1970-02-18 1972-03-14 Kaick Avk Generatoren Brushless direct-current welding generator
US20040239202A1 (en) * 2003-05-27 2004-12-02 Dooley Kevin Allan Architecture for electric machine
WO2013123531A2 (fr) * 2012-02-16 2013-08-22 Genrh8 Limited Machine électrique synchrone

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3482156A (en) * 1966-07-19 1969-12-02 Nachum Porath Permanent magnet rotor type motor and control therefor
US3649903A (en) * 1970-02-18 1972-03-14 Kaick Avk Generatoren Brushless direct-current welding generator
US20040239202A1 (en) * 2003-05-27 2004-12-02 Dooley Kevin Allan Architecture for electric machine
WO2013123531A2 (fr) * 2012-02-16 2013-08-22 Genrh8 Limited Machine électrique synchrone

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW201817129A (zh) 2018-05-01

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