WO2018003623A1 - 含硫黄化合物除去用の組成物 - Google Patents
含硫黄化合物除去用の組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018003623A1 WO2018003623A1 PCT/JP2017/022835 JP2017022835W WO2018003623A1 WO 2018003623 A1 WO2018003623 A1 WO 2018003623A1 JP 2017022835 W JP2017022835 W JP 2017022835W WO 2018003623 A1 WO2018003623 A1 WO 2018003623A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1462—Removing mixtures of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/78—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C45/85—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
- C10G29/22—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms containing oxygen as the only hetero atom
- C10G29/24—Aldehydes or ketones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
- C10L3/103—Sulfur containing contaminants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/21—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2251/206 or B01D2251/208
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
- B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
- B01D2252/205—Other organic compounds not covered by B01D2252/00 - B01D2252/20494
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/306—Organic sulfur compounds, e.g. mercaptans
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition for removing or reducing the concentration of a sulfur-containing compound in liquid or gas, typically hydrogen sulfide, a compound containing —SH group, or a mixture thereof.
- the present invention relates to hydrocarbons such as water or fossil fuels and refined petroleum products (eg natural gas, liquefied natural gas, sour gas, crude oil, naphtha, heavy aromatic naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, light oil,
- a composition for removing sulfur-containing compounds typically hydrogen sulfide
- the present invention relates to a method for removing hydrogen sulfide.
- Natural gas liquefied natural gas, sour gas, crude oil, naphtha, heavy aromatic naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, light oil, heavy oil, FCC slurry, asphalt, hydrocarbons such as refined petroleum products such as oilfield concentrate Often contain sulfur-containing compounds such as various compounds containing hydrogen sulfide and —SH groups (typically various mercaptans).
- sulfur-containing compounds such as various compounds containing hydrogen sulfide and —SH groups (typically various mercaptans).
- the toxicity of hydrogen sulfide is well known and in the industry dealing with fossil fuels and refined petroleum products, considerable costs and efforts are made to reduce the hydrogen sulfide content to safe levels. For example, for pipeline gas, it is required as a general regulation value that the content of hydrogen sulfide does not exceed 4 ppm.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose the use of acrolein or the like as a method for removing hydrogen sulfide.
- SPE AnnualnTechnical Conference and Exhibition SPE 146080 which was held in Denver, Colorado from October 30th to November 2nd, 2011, made a presentation on hydrogen sulfide removal with acrolein as an active ingredient.
- acrolein is highly toxic and is a compound whose concentration is strictly regulated in terms of occupational safety and environmental safety, and there is a problem that it requires careful handling.
- acrolein is extremely easy to polymerize and lacks thermal stability, and lacks pH stability, and the abundance gradually decreases depending on the pH of the environment in which it is used. .
- an object of the present invention is to provide an active ingredient having high thermal stability and pH stability and a sulfur-containing compound, particularly hydrogen sulfide, a compound containing an —SH group, or these compounds contained in a liquid or gas. It is an object of the present invention to provide a composition capable of safely and efficiently removing a mixture of the above.
- a composition for removing a sulfur-containing compound in a liquid or gas wherein the sulfur-containing compound is a compound containing hydrogen sulfide, a —SH group or a mixture thereof, and the composition has the following general formula A composition comprising an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated aldehyde represented by (1) (hereinafter referred to as aldehyde (1)) as an active ingredient.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or connected to each other to have 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- .R represents an alkylene group having 3 or represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkylene group of 2 to 6 carbon atoms in conjunction with R 1.
- [3] The composition of [1] or [2], wherein R 3 is a hydrogen atom.
- composition according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the liquid or gas is a hydrocarbon.
- the hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of natural gas, liquefied natural gas, sour gas, crude oil, naphtha, heavy aromatic naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, light oil, heavy oil, FCC slurry, asphalt and oil field concentrate.
- [6] A method for removing a sulfur-containing compound by bringing the composition according to any one of [1] to [5] into contact with a liquid or a gas, wherein the sulfur-containing compound is a compound containing hydrogen sulfide, an —SH group, or A method that is a mixture of these.
- the hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of natural gas, liquefied natural gas, sour gas, crude oil, naphtha, heavy aromatic naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, light oil, heavy oil, FCC slurry, asphalt and oil field concentrate.
- the method according to [7] which is at least one selected.
- the aldehyde (1) contained in the composition of any one of [1] to [5] is 0.1 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of the sulfur-containing compound contained in the liquid or gas.
- composition of the present invention contains the aldehyde (1), it is excellent in removing performance of a sulfur-containing compound in a liquid or gas, particularly a compound containing hydrogen sulfide or —SH group or a mixture thereof.
- the composition of the present invention has the advantages of extremely low toxicity, high thermal stability and high pH stability, compared to conventional hydrogen sulfide removing agents containing acrolein.
- the reason for this is not necessarily clear, but since the aldehyde (1) is disubstituted at the ⁇ -position, the aldehyde (1) moves to the ⁇ -position of bulky molecules such as biomolecules and growing chains compared to acrolein that has no substituent at the ⁇ -position. It is thought that one of the factors is that the addition reaction of is difficult to occur. On the other hand, it is considered that attacks from sulfur-containing compounds, which are generally small molecules, contained in a liquid or gas are not so hindered and the removal performance of sulfur-containing compounds is maintained.
- liquid or gas to be used for the composition of the present invention examples include water and hydrocarbons.
- the hydrocarbon may be in the form of a gas, liquid, solid, or a mixture thereof, and is typically natural gas, liquefied natural gas, sour gas, crude oil, naphtha, heavy aromatic naphtha, gasoline, kerosene. , Diesel oil, light oil, heavy oil, FCC slurry, asphalt, oil field concentrate and other fossil fuels, refined petroleum products, etc., and any combination thereof.
- the sulfur-containing compound that can be contained in the liquid or gas to be removed using the composition of the present invention is hydrogen sulfide, a compound containing an —SH group, or a mixture thereof.
- a sulfur-containing compound represented by the chemical formula “R—SH” and classified as a mercaptan, for example, methyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, propyl mercaptan, isopropyl mercaptan in which R is an alkyl group is used.
- N-butyl mercaptan isobutyl mercaptan, sec-butyl mercaptan, tert-butyl mercaptan, n-amyl mercaptan; phenyl mercaptan in which R is an aryl group; benzyl mercaptan in which R is an aralkyl group; It is not limited.
- reducing the initial amount of the sulfur-containing compound in the liquid or gas by, for example, converting the sulfur-containing compound present in the liquid or gas to another compound is also “to remove”. Shall be included.
- the converted product after being converted into another compound may remain in the system or may be separated out of the system.
- the composition of the present invention is characterized by containing aldehyde (1).
- the sulfur-containing compound is considered to be removed from the liquid or gas by the addition reaction of the aldehyde (1) mainly with respect to the carbon-carbon double bond.
- the sulfur-containing compound is a mercaptan represented by the chemical formula “R—SH”
- CR 1 R 2 (SR) —CH 2 R 3 —CHO is obtained by addition reaction of the aldehyde (1) to the carbon-carbon double bond.
- the —SH group is removed by changing to
- the sulfur-containing compound is hydrogen sulfide
- the addition reaction of aldehyde (1) to the carbon-carbon double bond results in CR 1 R 2 (SH) —CH 2 R 3 —CHO, and then another molecule of The —SH group is removed by reacting with the aldehyde (1).
- the alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms independently represented by R 1 and R 2 may be linear, branched or cyclic, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group N-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-octyl group, n-decyl group, n-dodecyl group, cyclopentyl group and the like.
- a methyl group, an ethyl group or an n-propyl group is preferable, a methyl group or an ethyl group is more preferable, and a methyl group is more preferable.
- the alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms independently represented by R 1 and R 2 may be linear, branched or cyclic, such as vinyl group, allyl group, 1-penten-1-yl group, 4-methyl Examples include a -3-penten-1-yl group, a 4-penten-1-yl group, a 1-hexen-1-yl group, a 1-octen-1-yl group, and a 1-decene-1-yl group.
- an alkenyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable, and an alkenyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms independently represented by R 1 and R 2 include a phenyl group, a tolyl group, an ethylphenyl group, a xylyl group, a trimethylphenyl group, a naphthyl group, and a biphenylyl group. Of these, aryl groups having 6 to 10 carbon atoms are preferred.
- R 1 and R 2 are connected to each other to represent an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms
- examples of the alkylene group include an ethylene group, n-propylene group, n-butylene group, n-pentylene group, n- Hexylene group, 2-methylethylene group, 1,2-dimethylethylene group, 2-methyl-n-propylene group, 2,2-dimethyl-n-propylene group, 3-methyl-n-pentylene group, etc.
- R 1 and R 2 are preferably each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and at least one of R 1 and R 2 is a methyl group. Is more preferable, and R 1 and R 2 are more preferably both methyl groups.
- R 3 when R 3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, t- Examples thereof include a butyl group, an n-pentyl group, and a cyclopentyl group.
- R 1 and R 3 together represent an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and the alkylene group such as ethylene group, n- propylene, n- butylene, n- pentylene, n- Hexylene group, 2-methylethylene group, 1,2-dimethylethylene group, 2-methyl-n-propylene group, 2,2-dimethyl-n-propylene group, 3-methyl-n-pentylene group, etc.
- R 3 is most preferably a hydrogen atom.
- aldehyde (1) examples include 3-methyl-2-butenal, 3-methyl-2-pentenal, 3-methyl-2-hexenal, 3-methyl-2-heptenal, 3-methyl-2-octenal, 3- Methyl-2-nonenal, 3-methyl-2-decenal, 3-methyl-2-undecenal, 3-methyl-2-dodecenal, 3-methyl-2-tridecenal, 3-ethyl-2-pentenal, 3,4- Dimethyl-2-pentenal, 3,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentenal, 3-isopropyl-4-methyl-2-pentenal, 3-ethyl-2-hexenal, 3-propyl-2-hexenal, 3,5- Dimethyl-2-hexenal, 3- (t-butyl) -4,4-dimethyl-2-pentenal, 3-butyl-2-heptena 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenal, 2-ethyl-3-methyl-2-butenal, 2-isopropyl-3-methyl
- 3-methyl-2-butenal, 3-methyl-2-pentenal, 3-methyl-2-hexenal, 3-methyl-2-heptenal, 3-methyl-2-octenal, 3,7-dimethyl-2, 6-octadienal (citral), 3-ethyl-2-pentenal, 3-ethyl-2-hexenal, 3-propyl-2-hexenal are preferred, 3-methyl-2-butenal, 3-methyl-2-pentenal 3-ethyl-2-pentenal is more preferable, and 3-methyl-2-butenal (Senecioaldehyde, hereinafter simply referred to as SAL) is more preferable.
- SAL 3-methyl-2-butenal
- SAL 3-methyl-2-butenal
- SAL senecioaldehyde
- Aldehyde (1) may be a commercially available product or may be synthesized by oxidative dehydrogenation of the corresponding ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated alcohol (see, for example, JP-A-60-224652).
- composition of the present invention contains other sulfur-containing compound removing agents such as acrolein, formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, 3-methylglutaraldehyde, 1,9-nonane dial, 2-methyl-1,8-octane dial, and the like. You may add and use suitably in the range which does not impair the effect of this invention.
- the effect of the present invention can be further increased or a nitrogen-containing compound can be further added within a range not impairing.
- nitrogen-containing compounds include N, N′-oxybis (methylene) bis (N, N-dibutylamine), N, N ′-(methylenebis (oxy) bis (methylene)) bis (N, N-dibutylamine).
- Alkyl-hexahydrotriazine compounds 1,3,5-tri (hydroxymethyl) -hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-tri (2-hydroxyethyl) -hexahydro-1,3,5 -Hydroxyalkyl-hexahydrotriazine compounds such as triazine, 1,3,5-tri (3-hydroxypropyl) -hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine; monomethylamine, monoethylamine, dimethylamine, dipropylamine, trimethylamine , Triethylamine, tripropylamine, monomethanolamine, dimethanol , Trimethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, dipropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, tripropanolamine, N-methylethanolamine, dimethyl (ethanol) amine, methyldiethanolamine, dimethylaminoethanol, ethoxyethoxyethanol monoamine compounds such as
- composition of the present invention is a surfactant, corrosion inhibitor, oxygen scavenger, iron control agent, crosslinking agent, breaker, flocculant, temperature stabilizer, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, in addition to the aldehyde (1).
- composition of the present invention is dissolved in a suitable solvent such as cyclohexane, toluene, xylene, heavy aromatic naphtha, petroleum distillate; monoalcohol or diol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol; It may be used.
- a suitable solvent such as cyclohexane, toluene, xylene, heavy aromatic naphtha, petroleum distillate; monoalcohol or diol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol; It may be used.
- the content ratio of the aldehyde (1) which is an active ingredient in the composition of the present invention can be appropriately set according to the use mode, but is usually 1 to 99.9% by mass, from the viewpoint of cost effectiveness.
- the amount is preferably 5 to 99.9% by mass, more preferably 5 to 95% by mass.
- the manufacturing method of the composition of this invention is not specifically limited, For example, it can manufacture by adding and mixing arbitrary components, such as said other sulfur-containing compound remover, a solvent, etc. to aldehyde (1).
- the composition of the present invention is preferably in a liquid state, but depending on the form used to remove the sulfur-containing compound in the liquid or gas, it is suitably supported on a carrier, etc., and is in the form of a solid such as a powder or a fluid. Also good.
- a method of adding a sufficient amount of the composition of the present invention to a liquid or gas to remove a sulfur-containing compound (hydrogen sulfide, a compound containing an —SH group or a mixture thereof) A method of circulating gaseous hydrocarbons containing these sulfur-containing compounds to a container filled with the composition of the present invention, and a method of injecting the composition of the present invention into a gas containing sulfur-containing compounds in the form of a mist Etc.
- the amount of the aldehyde (1) contained in the composition of the present invention is such that the sulfur-containing compound in the liquid or gas is It is preferably added in an amount of 0.1 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass.
- the aldehyde (1) added to 1 part by mass of the sulfur-containing compound in the flowing hydrocarbons.
- the amount of addition of the composition of the present invention is adjusted so that the amount is within the above range.
- the temperature at which the composition of the present invention is added to and brought into contact with the hydrocarbon to carry out the treatment is preferably in the range of ⁇ 30 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably 0 ° C. to 130 ° C.
- the composition of the present invention When removing the sulfur-containing compound in water using the composition of the present invention, means such as injecting the composition of the present invention into a water storage tank at a sewage treatment plant or the like can be employed. Further, when removing sulfur-containing compounds in hydrocarbons using the composition of the present invention, if the hydrocarbon is liquid, its storage tank, pipeline for transportation, distillation for purification It can be added by known means such as pouring into a tower or the like. When the hydrocarbon is a gas, the composition of the present invention can be placed in contact with the gas, or the gas can be passed through an absorption tower filled with the composition of the present invention. .
- the composition of the present invention dissolves iron sulfide, which is a problem as a cause of reducing the operation efficiency of equipment such as heat exchangers, cooling towers, reaction vessels, and transport pipelines at the fossil fuel production site. It can also be applied to applications. Furthermore, since the composition of the present invention also has bactericidal properties against sulfate-reducing bacteria and the like, it can also be applied to applications that suppress biocorrosion in pipes and the like that are problematic in fossil fuel mining sites. Thus, the composition of the present invention can be applied universally in various processes related to mining and transportation of fossil fuels.
- SAL synthesized from prenol according to the method described in JP-A-60-224652 (purity: 98.1%)
- Acrolein manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., containing hydroquinone as a stabilizer
- Example 1 A gas mixture having a composition of 1% by volume of hydrogen sulfide and 99% by volume of nitrogen was passed through a 100 mL autoclave equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer, and a feed pump, and the gas in the autoclave was replaced while stirring at 800 rpm.
- the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the exhaust gas is continuously measured with a detector RX-517 (manufactured by Riken Kikai).
- FIG. 1 shows the results of measuring the change in hydrogen sulfide concentration in the exhaust gas when the feed start time is 0 minute.
- Example 1 The same test as in Example 1 was performed except that acrolein was used instead of SAL. The results are shown in FIG.
- Example 2 20 g of distilled water was added to a 100 mL autoclave equipped with a thermometer and a stirrer, and pressurized to 0.3 MPa using a mixed gas having a composition of 1% by volume of hydrogen sulfide and 99% by volume of nitrogen. After stirring until the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the gas phase becomes constant, autoclaving with the Kitagawa gas detector tube (using a hydrogen sulfide gas detector tube manufactured by Komeiri Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. attached to the gas sampler “AP-20”) The hydrogen sulfide concentration in the gas phase inside was 7500 ppm by volume. Next, SAL was added so that it might become 5000 ppm with respect to distilled water.
- the amount of SAL added was 1.19 mmol, and the amount of hydrogen sulfide in the apparatus was 0.10 mmol. Then, it heated up at 80 degreeC, stirring inside the apparatus at 800 rpm, and made it react for 5 hours. After the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the gas phase was measured. As a result, it was 5000 ppm by volume and the removal rate was 33%.
- Example 2 The same test as in Example 2 was performed except that acrolein was used instead of SAL.
- the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the gas phase after the reaction was measured and found to be 5000 ppm by volume and the removal rate was 33%.
- Example 3 20 g of kerosene (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is added to a 50 mL three-necked flask, and a mixed gas composed of 1 vol% hydrogen sulfide and 99 vol% nitrogen is circulated at a flow rate of 50 mL / min while stirring at 800 rpm. The gas in the three-neck flask was replaced. After 2 hours, the flow of the mixed gas was stopped and the three-necked flask was sealed. Then, the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the gas phase portion in the three-necked flask was measured with a Kitagawa gas detector tube and found to be 8200 volume ppm.
- Example 4 The same test as in Example 3 was performed except that citral was used instead of SAL. After the reaction, the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the gas phase part in the three-necked flask was measured and found to be 6600 ppm by volume and the removal rate was 20%.
- SAL, citral and acrolein are existing compounds and safety information is disclosed.
- Table 2 shows information related to safety. SAL and citral are extremely toxic compared to acrolein and are safe.
- the aldehyde (1) such as SAL has a sulfur-containing compound removal ability equivalent to that of acrolein, and has higher thermal stability and pH stability than acrolein, and It turns out that it is safe.
- composition of the present invention is useful in that it has high thermal stability and pH stability, and can safely and efficiently remove sulfur-containing compounds that are problematic in toxicity and malodor from liquids or gases.
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Abstract
Description
[1]液体または気体中の含硫黄化合物を除去するための組成物であって、含硫黄化合物が硫化水素、-SH基を含有する化合物またはこれらの混合物であり、かつ組成物が下記一般式(1)で表されるα,β-不飽和アルデヒド(以下、アルデヒド(1)と称する)を有効成分として含有する、組成物。
[2]R1、R2がそれぞれ独立して炭素数1~5のアルキル基である、[1]の組成物。
[3]R3が水素原子である、[1]または[2]の組成物。
[4]前記液体または気体が炭化水素である、[1]~[3]のいずれかの組成物。
[5]前記炭化水素が、天然ガス、液化天然ガス、サワーガス、原油、ナフサ、重質芳香族ナフサ、ガソリン、ケロシン、ディーゼル油、軽油、重油、FCCスラリー、アスファルトおよび油田濃縮物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである、[4]の組成物。
[6][1]~[5]のいずれかの組成物を液体または気体に接触させて含硫黄化合物を除去する方法であって、含硫黄化合物が硫化水素、-SH基を含有する化合物またはこれらの混合物である、方法。
[7]前記液体または気体が炭化水素である、[6]の方法。
[8]前記炭化水素が、天然ガス、液化天然ガス、サワーガス、原油、ナフサ、重質芳香族ナフサ、ガソリン、ケロシン、ディーゼル油、軽油、重油、FCCスラリー、アスファルトおよび油田濃縮物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである、[7]の方法。
[9][1]~[5]のいずれかの組成物中に含まれるアルデヒド(1)を、液体または気体中に含まれる含硫黄化合物1質量部に対し0.1~100質量部となるように添加する、[6]~[8]のいずれかの方法。
[10][1]~[5]のいずれかの組成物と含硫黄化合物を-30℃~150℃の範囲で接触させることを特徴とする、[6]~[9]のいずれかの方法。
[11]液体または気体中の硫化水素、-SH基を含有する化合物またはこれらの混合物である含硫黄化合物を除去するための、[1]~[5]のいずれかの組成物の使用。
本発明においては、液体または気体中に存在する含硫黄化合物を別の化合物に変換するなどして、液体または気体中における当該含硫黄化合物の当初の量を低下させることも「除去する」ことに含めるものとする。別の化合物に変換された後の変換物は系中に存在したままにしてもよいし系外に分離してもよい。
アルデヒド(1)の、主として炭素-炭素二重結合に対して含硫黄化合物が付加反応することで、液体または気体中から含硫黄化合物が除去されると考えられる。
含硫黄化合物が化学式「R-SH」で示されるメルカプタン類である場合は、アルデヒド(1)の炭素-炭素二重結合への付加反応によりCR1R2(SR)-CH2R3-CHOなどへ変化すること等で-SH基が除かれる。
一方、含硫黄化合物が硫化水素である場合は、アルデヒド(1)の炭素-炭素二重結合への付加反応によりCR1R2(SH)-CH2R3-CHOとなり、その後もう1分子のアルデヒド(1)と反応すること等で-SH基が除かれる。
R1、R2がそれぞれ独立して表す炭素数2~10のアルケニル基は直鎖状でも分岐状でも環状でもよく、例えばビニル基、アリル基、1-ペンテン-1-イル基、4-メチル-3-ペンテン-1-イル基、4-ペンテン-1-イル基、1-ヘキセン-1-イル基、1-オクテン-1-イル基、1-デセン-1-イル基などが挙げられる。中でも炭素数1~8のアルケニル基が好ましく、炭素数1~6のアルケニル基がより好ましい。
R1、R2がそれぞれ独立して表す炭素数6~12のアリール基は、例えばフェニル基、トリル基、エチルフェニル基、キシリル基、トリメチルフェニル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニリル基などが挙げられる。中でも炭素数6~10のアリール基が好ましい。
また、R1とR2が互いに連結して炭素数2~6のアルキレン基を表す場合、当該アルキレン基としては例えばエチレン基、n-プロピレン基、n-ブチレン基、n-ペンチレン基、n-へキシレン基、2-メチルエチレン基、1,2-ジメチルエチレン基、2-メチル-n-プロピレン基、2,2-ジメチル-n-プロピレン基、3-メチル-n-ペンチレン基などが挙げられる。
含硫黄化合物との反応を促進する観点から、R1、R2はそれぞれ独立して炭素数1~5のアルキル基であることが好ましく、R1、R2の少なくとも一方がメチル基であることがより好ましく、R1、R2が共にメチル基であることがさらに好ましい。
また、R1とR3が互いに連結して炭素数2~6のアルキレン基を表す場合、当該アルキレン基としては例えばエチレン基、n-プロピレン基、n-ブチレン基、n-ペンチレン基、n-へキシレン基、2-メチルエチレン基、1,2-ジメチルエチレン基、2-メチル-n-プロピレン基、2,2-ジメチル-n-プロピレン基、3-メチル-n-ペンチレン基などが挙げられる。
含硫黄化合物との反応を促進する観点から、R3は水素原子であることが最も好ましい。
なお、trans体およびcis体を有する化合物については、いずれか一方を用いてもよいし、混合物を用いてもよい。混合物を用いる場合、任意の混合比のものを用いることができる。
なお、これら含窒素化合物が炭化水素へ添加された場合、精製においてNOx(ノックス)が発生し、環境影響への負荷が懸念される。このことを考慮すれば、含窒素化合物は添加しないことがより好ましい。
本発明の組成物は好適には液状であるが、液体または気体中の含硫黄化合物を除去するために使用する形態に応じて、適宜担体などに担持させ、粉体、流体などの固体状としてもよい。
また、本発明の組成物を用いて炭化水素中の含硫黄化合物を除去する際においては、炭化水素が液体である場合には、その貯留タンク、輸送のためのパイプライン、精製のための蒸留塔などに注入するなどの公知の手段で添加することができる。炭化水素が気体である場合には、気体と接触させるように本発明の組成物を設置するか、または本発明の組成物を充填した吸収塔に気体を通過させるなどの手段を取ることができる。
このように、本発明の組成物は化石燃料の採掘や輸送に関わる様々なプロセスにおいて汎用的に適用可能である。
SAL:特開昭60-224652号公報に記載の方法に準じ、プレノールから合成したもの(純度:98.1%)
シトラール:株式会社クラレ製(純度98.0%、trans:cis=51:49~57:43(モル比))
アクロレイン:東京化成工業株式会社製、安定剤としてヒドロキノン含有
温度計、攪拌機、フィードポンプを備えた100mLのオートクレーブに硫化水素1体積%、窒素99体積%の組成からなる混合ガスを流通させ、800rpmで撹拌しながらオートクレーブ内の気体を置換した。排気中の硫化水素濃度を検出器RX-517(理研機器製)で連続測定し、硫化水素濃度が安定化した後にSAL5質量部、テトラリン(1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン、和光純薬工業株式会社製)95質量部からなる組成液40mLをフィードポンプでオートクレーブ内へフィードした。フィード開始時を0分とし、排気中の硫化水素濃度変化を測定した結果を図1に示す。
SALに代えてアクロレインを用いた以外は実施例1と同様の試験を実施した。結果を図1に示す。
温度計、攪拌機を備えた100mLのオートクレーブに蒸留水を20g加え、硫化水素1体積%、窒素99体積%の組成からなる混合ガスを用いて0.3MPaに加圧した。気相部の硫化水素濃度が一定になるまで攪拌した後、北川式ガス検知管(光明理化学工業株式会社製の硫化水素ガス検知管をガス採取器「AP-20」に取付けて使用)でオートクレーブ内の気相部の硫化水素濃度を測定したところ7500体積ppmであった。次にSALを蒸留水に対して5000ppmとなるように添加した。このときのSALの添加量は1.19mmolであり、装置内の硫化水素の存在量は0.10mmolであった。その後、装置内を800rpmで攪拌しながら80℃に昇温し5時間反応させた。反応後に室温まで冷やし、気相部の硫化水素濃度を測定したところ5000体積ppmであり、除去率は33%であった。
SALに代えてアクロレインを用いた以外は実施例2と同様の試験を実施した。反応後の気相部の硫化水素濃度を測定したところ5000体積ppmであり、除去率は33%であった。
50mLの三口フラスコにケロシン(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を20g加え、硫化水素1体積%、窒素99体積%の組成からなる混合ガスを50mL/minの流速で流通させ、800rpmで撹拌しながら三口フラスコ内の気体を置換した。2時間後に混合ガスの流通を止め、三口フラスコを密閉した後、三口フラスコ内の気相部の硫化水素濃度を北川式ガス検知管で測定したところ8200体積ppmであった。次にSALを1.5g添加した後、装置内を800rpmで攪拌しながら室温で5時間反応させた。反応後に三口フラスコ内の気相部の硫化水素濃度を測定したところ5300体積ppmであり、除去率は35%であった。
SALに代えてシトラールを用いた以外は実施例3と同様の試験を実施した。反応後に三口フラスコ内の気相部の硫化水素濃度を測定したところ6600体積ppmであり、除去率は20%であった。
SALおよびアクロレインをそれぞれ50mL三口フラスコに入れ、窒素雰囲気下で50℃に昇温し、昇温直後のSALおよびアクロレインの含有量を100%とした際の含有率の変化を、内部標準を用いたガスクロマトグラフィーによる検量線法で観察した。結果を表1に示す。
分析機器:GC-14A(株式会社島津製作所製)
検出器:FID(水素炎イオン化型検出器)
使用カラム:DB-1701(長さ:50m、膜厚1μm、内径0.32mm)(アジレント・テクノロジー株式会社製)
分析条件:Inject.Temp.250℃、Detect.Temp.250℃
昇温条件:70℃→(5℃/分で昇温)→250℃
内部標準物質:ジグライム(ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル)
SALおよびアクロレインをそれぞれpHの異なる0.5mol/Lリン酸緩衝液に溶解させ、0.1wt%溶液を調製した。該溶液50mLを窒素雰囲気下でサンプル瓶に入れ、23±2℃で保管し、調製時のSALおよびアクロレインの含有量を100%とした際の含有率の変化を、高速液体クロマトグラフィー分析による絶対検量線で観察した。結果を図2および3に示す。
この結果から、SALはアクロレインよりも極めてpH安定性が高いことがわかる。
pH1.7:75%リン酸4.9g、リン酸二水素ナトリウム・2水和物7.8gを蒸留水200mLに溶解させた。
pH6.2:リン酸二水素ナトリウム・2水和物7.8g、リン酸水素二ナトリウム7.1gを蒸留水200mLに溶解させた。
pH8.1:リン酸二水素ナトリウム・2水和物0.3g、リン酸水素二ナトリウム13.9gを蒸留水200mLに溶解させた。
分析機器:Prominenceシステム(株式会社島津製作所製)
使用カラム:Cadenza CD-C18(長さ:150m、内径4.6mm)
展開液:H2O/MeOH=45/55vol比、H3PO4=1mol/L
流速:1mL/min
SAL、シトラールおよびアクロレインは既存化合物であり、安全性に関する情報は開示されている。参考として、安全性に関する情報を表2に示す。SALやシトラールはアクロレインと比べ毒性が極めて低く、安全であることがわかる。
Claims (11)
- R1、R2がそれぞれ独立して炭素数1~5のアルキル基である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- R3が水素原子である、請求項1または2に記載の組成物。
- 前記液体または気体が炭化水素である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記炭化水素が、天然ガス、液化天然ガス、サワーガス、原油、ナフサ、重質芳香族ナフサ、ガソリン、ケロシン、ディーゼル油、軽油、重油、FCCスラリー、アスファルトおよび油田濃縮物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の組成物を液体または気体に接触させて含硫黄化合物を除去する方法であって、含硫黄化合物が硫化水素、-SH基を含有する化合物またはこれらの混合物である、方法。
- 前記液体または気体が炭化水素である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記炭化水素が、天然ガス、液化天然ガス、サワーガス、原油、ナフサ、重質芳香族ナフサ、ガソリン、ケロシン、ディーゼル油、軽油、重油、FCCスラリー、アスファルトおよび油田濃縮物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の組成物中に含まれるα,β-不飽和アルデヒドを、液体または気体中に含まれる含硫黄化合物1質量部に対し0.1~100質量部となるように添加する、請求項6~8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の組成物と含硫黄化合物を-30℃~150℃の範囲で接触させることを特徴とする、請求項6~9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 液体または気体中の硫化水素、-SH基を含有する化合物またはこれらの混合物である含硫黄化合物を除去するための、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の組成物の使用。
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2019167752A1 (ja) * | 2018-02-28 | 2019-09-06 | 株式会社クラレ | 含硫黄化合物除去用の組成物 |
| JP6589085B1 (ja) * | 2018-02-28 | 2019-10-09 | 株式会社クラレ | 含硫黄化合物除去用の組成物 |
| CN111757773A (zh) * | 2018-02-28 | 2020-10-09 | 株式会社可乐丽 | 用于除去含硫化合物的组合物 |
| US11795404B2 (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2023-10-24 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Composition for removing sulfur-containing compounds |
| KR20210040098A (ko) * | 2018-08-02 | 2021-04-12 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 | 폴리우레탄 폼에서 알데히드 방출을 감소시키는 방법 |
| KR102597208B1 (ko) | 2018-08-02 | 2023-11-03 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 | 폴리우레탄 폼에서 알데히드 방출을 감소시키는 방법 |
| WO2020129446A1 (ja) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-25 | 株式会社クラレ | 炭化水素の製造方法、精製方法及び精製装置 |
| JP6730544B1 (ja) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-07-29 | 株式会社クラレ | 炭化水素の製造方法、精製方法及び精製装置 |
| US11840669B2 (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2023-12-12 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Method for hydrocarbon production, purification method, and purifier |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3476478B1 (en) | 2023-04-26 |
| TW201806645A (zh) | 2018-03-01 |
| SG11201811536PA (en) | 2019-01-30 |
| RU2018145753A3 (ja) | 2020-07-28 |
| EP3476478A1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
| CA3028363C (en) | 2023-09-26 |
| MX2018016410A (es) | 2019-05-09 |
| EP3476478A4 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
| BR112018076686B1 (pt) | 2022-05-10 |
| US20190329175A1 (en) | 2019-10-31 |
| CN109310982A (zh) | 2019-02-05 |
| US11291947B2 (en) | 2022-04-05 |
| RU2018145753A (ru) | 2020-07-28 |
| JPWO2018003623A1 (ja) | 2019-05-16 |
| RU2732571C2 (ru) | 2020-09-21 |
| CA3028363A1 (en) | 2018-01-04 |
| BR112018076686A2 (pt) | 2019-04-02 |
| CN109310982B (zh) | 2023-01-13 |
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