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WO2018090200A1 - Method for preparing isophorone - Google Patents

Method for preparing isophorone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018090200A1
WO2018090200A1 PCT/CN2016/105940 CN2016105940W WO2018090200A1 WO 2018090200 A1 WO2018090200 A1 WO 2018090200A1 CN 2016105940 W CN2016105940 W CN 2016105940W WO 2018090200 A1 WO2018090200 A1 WO 2018090200A1
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Prior art keywords
isophorone
organic
quaternary ammonium
urotropine
strong base
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PCT/CN2016/105940
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周章涛
徐俊烨
费安杰
谭传文
黄志宁
肖诗华
颜燕南
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Raffles Phamrmatech Co Ltd
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Raffles Phamrmatech Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
    • C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
    • C07C45/72—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
    • C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
    • C07C45/72—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
    • C07C45/74—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups combined with dehydration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C49/00—Ketones; Ketenes; Dimeric ketenes; Ketonic chelates
    • C07C49/587—Unsaturated compounds containing a keto groups being part of a ring
    • C07C49/603—Unsaturated compounds containing a keto groups being part of a ring of a six-membered ring, e.g. quinone methides

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of organic chemical synthesis, in particular to a preparation method for catalytic synthesis of isophorone.
  • Isophorone (CAS: 78-59-1) is an important fine chemical raw material. It has a wide range of applications in the polymer industry and the pharmaceutical industry, with an annual output of tens of thousands of tons.
  • the compound was synthesized in the 19th century and began industrialization during the rapid development of the polymer industry in the 1960s. Then, with the worldwide demand for high-performance materials, pharmaceutical intermediates, pesticides and other industries, its market is fast. Growth, the current annual demand is up to tens of thousands of tons.
  • the current industrial production routes of isophorone are acetone condensation methods, which are specifically classified into liquid phase condensation and gas phase condensation.
  • the liquid phase condensation reported in the literature is a high pressure vessel in which a strong inorganic base such as sodium amide, calcium hydride, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide is used as a catalyst and heated to a high temperature for condensation. Since the inorganic strong base is not easily soluble in acetone, in order to make the reaction proceed smoothly, a small amount of water is generally added. Since the reaction condensate is insoluble in water, the system gradually forms two phases, requiring intense stirring. The disadvantage of this type of synthesis is the low conversion rate and selectivity.
  • the gas phase condensation reported in the literature is that at a high temperature, acetone gas is reacted at a high temperature (200-300 degrees Celsius) through a solid phase catalyst such as a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a calcium aluminum composite, or a magnesium aluminum composite.
  • a solid phase catalyst such as a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a calcium aluminum composite, or a magnesium aluminum composite.
  • the advantage of this type of synthesis is that the conversion and selectivity are slightly better.
  • the disadvantages are high energy consumption, high catalyst preparation cost, and short catalyst life.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing isophorone by using an organic urotropine quaternary ammonium base.
  • the catalyst is subjected to liquid phase synthesis of isophorone.
  • the invention relates to a method for preparing an organic catalyzed isophorone.
  • the acetone is used as a starting material, and under the catalysis of a quaternary ammonium strong base of a catalyst organic urotropine, a liquid phase condensation reaction of acetone is carried out, and isophorone is obtained by distillation. Specifically, the following steps are included:
  • Step (1) in said X - is a quaternary ammonium salt anion hexamine, including Cl -, Br -, I - A; reaction solvent in step (1) used in the next reaction as a starting Acetone.
  • the reaction solvent of the step (1) is the starting material of the reaction of the step (2), and the influence of other solvents and the reaction substrate can be avoided.
  • the base used in the step (1) is sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide or sodium t-butoxide, and preferably sodium methoxide.
  • the temperature of the exchange reaction is 0 to 30 ° C, preferably 10 to 20 ° C; and the exchange reaction time is 1 to 8 h, preferably 2 to 4 h.
  • organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base of the above condensation reaction has the following structure:
  • R in the formula is an aliphatic chain substituent of less than or equal to 6 carbons, or a benzyl group.
  • the organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base can be dissolved in the acetone as the reaction medium and the starting material, so that the reaction can proceed smoothly without adding water, and the reaction condensate is insoluble in water, and the system gradually forms two phases, which requires strong The technical problem of stirring. At the same time, the conversion and selectivity of the condensation reaction are improved due to the overall reaction of the organic urolotine quaternary ammonium strong base and the reactants.
  • the R is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, a t-butyl group, an n-butyl group, or a benzyl group.
  • the reaction medium and the starting material are both acetone, and the catalytic organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base is used in a catalytic amount of 0.1 to 10 mol%, and the condensation reaction is carried out in an autoclave, and the condensation reaction is carried out.
  • the temperature is 140 to 180 ° C, and the condensation reaction time is 5 to 24 hours.
  • the purification of isophorone can be carried out continuously or intermittently, in a single stage or in multiple stages. Purification is preferably achieved by distillation, which is isolated and purified according to the difference in boiling point of the main product isophorone and by-products to give isophorone.
  • the catalytic organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base is added in a catalytic amount of 0.5 to 2 mol%, the condensation reaction is carried out in an autoclave, and the condensation reaction temperature is 150 to 170 ° C, and the condensation reaction is carried out. The time is 7 to 12 hours.
  • the preparation method of isophorone provided by the invention adopts organic catalytic synthesis, single conversion rate is more than 50%, selectivity is more than 60%, novel process, less steps, mild reaction conditions and the like.
  • acetone and an organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base are subjected to a condensation reaction in the same solvent system, and after the reaction is carried out at a controlled temperature for a certain period of time, the selectivity of isophorone is substantially stabilized, and the reaction is formed.
  • the product is small, substantially no multi-polymerized product, and the reaction is easier to control, and the end point of the reaction is not strictly controlled; finally, the main product isophorone is obtained by distillation and separation and purification.
  • the autoclave was installed, heated to 150 ° C and reacted for 6 hours. After cooling, the sample was taken for GC analysis, and the acetone conversion rate was 59%, and the selectivity was 65%. After removing acetone by atmospheric distillation, the product was subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain 26 g of isophorone in a yield of 36%.
  • the autoclave was installed, heated to 160 ° C and reacted for 7 hours. After cooling, the sample was taken for GC analysis, and the acetone conversion rate was 60%, and the selectivity was 66%. After removing acetone by atmospheric distillation, the product was subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain 27 g of isophorone in a yield of 38%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for preparing isophorone by means of organic catalysis. Acetone is used as a starting material, and undergoes liquid phase condensation reaction under the catalytic action of a catalyst, i.e., organic urotropine-based quaternary ammonium strong base, so that isophorone is obtained by distillation. The method specifically comprises the synthesis of the organic urotropine-based quaternary ammonium strong base and the synthesis of the isophorone. The organic urotropine-based quaternary ammonium strong base is dissoluble in the acetone serving as a reaction medium and the starting material, so that the reaction can take place smoothly. By using the method for preparing isophorone provided by the present invention, isophorone is synthesized, and the synthesis process uses organic catalysis, so that a conversion per pass is greater than 50%, and selectivity is greater than 60%. The method for preparing isophorone of the present invention features a novel process, a few steps, and mild reaction conditions.

Description

一种异佛尔酮的制备方法Method for preparing isophorone 技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及有机化学合成的技术领域，尤其是涉及一种催化合成异佛尔酮的制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of organic chemical synthesis, in particular to a preparation method for catalytic synthesis of isophorone.

背景技术Background technique

异佛尔酮(CAS：78-59-1)是一种重要的精细化工原料。其在高分子工业、医药工业中有着广泛的应用，年产量高达数万吨。Isophorone (CAS: 78-59-1) is an important fine chemical raw material. It has a wide range of applications in the polymer industry and the pharmaceutical industry, with an annual output of tens of thousands of tons.

该化合物在十九世纪被合成出来，在二十世纪六十年代高分子工业快速发展期间开始工业化，随后随着全世界对高性能材料、医药中间体、农药等行业的需求增长，其市场快速增长，目前年需求量高达数万吨。The compound was synthesized in the 19th century and began industrialization during the rapid development of the polymer industry in the 1960s. Then, with the worldwide demand for high-performance materials, pharmaceutical intermediates, pesticides and other industries, its market is fast. Growth, the current annual demand is up to tens of thousands of tons.

异佛尔酮目前的工业生产路线均为丙酮缩合法，具体分为液相缩合和气相缩合。文献报导的液相缩合是在高压容器中，以无机强碱如氨基钠、氢化钙、碱金属或者碱土金属氢氧化物作为催化剂，加热到高温进行缩合。由于无机强碱不易溶于丙酮，为了使得反应顺利进行，一般要添加少量水。由于反应缩合物不溶于水，体系逐渐形成两相，需要强烈的搅拌。这类合成的弊端是转化率和选择性都低。The current industrial production routes of isophorone are acetone condensation methods, which are specifically classified into liquid phase condensation and gas phase condensation. The liquid phase condensation reported in the literature is a high pressure vessel in which a strong inorganic base such as sodium amide, calcium hydride, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide is used as a catalyst and heated to a high temperature for condensation. Since the inorganic strong base is not easily soluble in acetone, in order to make the reaction proceed smoothly, a small amount of water is generally added. Since the reaction condensate is insoluble in water, the system gradually forms two phases, requiring intense stirring. The disadvantage of this type of synthesis is the low conversion rate and selectivity.

文献报导的气相缩合是在高温下，丙酮气体在高温(200-300摄氏度)通过金属氧化物、金属氢氧化物、钙铝复合物、镁铝复合物等固相催化剂进行反应。这类合成的优势是转化率和选择性略好。然而缺点是能耗高，催化剂制备成本高，催化剂寿命短。The gas phase condensation reported in the literature is that at a high temperature, acetone gas is reacted at a high temperature (200-300 degrees Celsius) through a solid phase catalyst such as a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a calcium aluminum composite, or a magnesium aluminum composite. The advantage of this type of synthesis is that the conversion and selectivity are slightly better. However, the disadvantages are high energy consumption, high catalyst preparation cost, and short catalyst life.

综上所述，目前报导的合成异佛尔酮的工艺，无论使用液相合成还是气相合成，均存在收率和转化率不够满意，成本高等缺点。In summary, the currently reported process for synthesizing isophorone, whether using liquid phase synthesis or gas phase synthesis, has disadvantages such as insufficient yield and conversion rate, and high cost.

发明内容Summary of the invention

针对现有技术的不足，为改善异佛尔酮转化率低、选择性差、催化剂昂贵的问题，本发明提供了一种异佛尔酮的制备方法，通过使用有机乌洛托品季铵碱作为催化剂，进行异佛尔酮的液相合成。In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, in order to improve the problem of low conversion of isophorone, poor selectivity, and high cost of the catalyst, the present invention provides a method for preparing isophorone by using an organic urotropine quaternary ammonium base. The catalyst is subjected to liquid phase synthesis of isophorone.

本发明是通过以下技术方案进行实现的：The invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

一种有机催化异佛尔酮的制备方法，以丙酮为起始原料，在催化剂有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱的催化作用下，丙酮发生液相缩合反应，经过蒸馏得到异佛尔酮。具体包括以下步骤： The invention relates to a method for preparing an organic catalyzed isophorone. The acetone is used as a starting material, and under the catalysis of a quaternary ammonium strong base of a catalyst organic urotropine, a liquid phase condensation reaction of acetone is carried out, and isophorone is obtained by distillation. Specifically, the following steps are included:

(1)有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱的合成：(1) Synthesis of organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base:

Figure PCTCN2016105940-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2016105940-appb-000001

(2)异佛尔酮的合成：(2) Synthesis of isophorone:

Figure PCTCN2016105940-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2016105940-appb-000002

步骤(1)中所述的X-为乌洛托品季铵盐的负离子，包括Cl-、Br-，I-的一种；步骤(1)中所用的反应溶剂为下一步的起始反应物丙酮。步骤(1)的反应溶剂为步骤(2)反应的起始原料，可以避免了其他溶剂和反应底物的影响。Step (1) in said X - is a quaternary ammonium salt anion hexamine, including Cl -, Br -, I - A; reaction solvent in step (1) used in the next reaction as a starting Acetone. The reaction solvent of the step (1) is the starting material of the reaction of the step (2), and the influence of other solvents and the reaction substrate can be avoided.

步骤(1)所用的碱为氢氧化钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钠的一种，优选为甲醇钠。其中，交换反应的温度为0～30℃，优选为10～20℃；交换反应的时间为1～8h，优选2～4h。The base used in the step (1) is sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide or sodium t-butoxide, and preferably sodium methoxide. The temperature of the exchange reaction is 0 to 30 ° C, preferably 10 to 20 ° C; and the exchange reaction time is 1 to 8 h, preferably 2 to 4 h.

其中，上述缩合反应的有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱具有以下结构：Wherein, the organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base of the above condensation reaction has the following structure:

Figure PCTCN2016105940-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2016105940-appb-000003

结构式中的R为少于或等于6个碳的脂肪链取代基，或者苄基。有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱能溶于作为反应介质和起始原料的丙酮当中，可以使得反应顺利进行，而且不用添加水，避免了“反应缩合物不溶于水，体系逐渐形成两相，需要强烈的搅拌”的技术问题。同时，由于有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱和反应物形成整体反应，提高了缩合反应的转化率和选择性。R in the formula is an aliphatic chain substituent of less than or equal to 6 carbons, or a benzyl group. The organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base can be dissolved in the acetone as the reaction medium and the starting material, so that the reaction can proceed smoothly without adding water, and the reaction condensate is insoluble in water, and the system gradually forms two phases, which requires strong The technical problem of stirring. At the same time, the conversion and selectivity of the condensation reaction are improved due to the overall reaction of the organic urolotine quaternary ammonium strong base and the reactants.

作为本发明的实验方案的一种优选方式，所述的R为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、正丁基、苄基的一种。As a preferred embodiment of the experimental scheme of the present invention, the R is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, a t-butyl group, an n-butyl group, or a benzyl group.

在上述的步骤(2)中，反应介质和起始原料均为丙酮，所加入的催化剂有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱的催化用量为0.1～10mol％，缩合反应在高压反应釜中进行，缩合反应温度为140～180℃，缩合反应时间为5～24h。在高压反应完成后， 对异佛尔酮的提纯可以连续地或者间歇地，单阶段或者多阶段地进行。提纯优选通过蒸馏实现，根据主产物异佛尔酮和副产物沸点的不同，分离提纯得到异佛尔酮。In the above step (2), the reaction medium and the starting material are both acetone, and the catalytic organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base is used in a catalytic amount of 0.1 to 10 mol%, and the condensation reaction is carried out in an autoclave, and the condensation reaction is carried out. The temperature is 140 to 180 ° C, and the condensation reaction time is 5 to 24 hours. After the high pressure reaction is completed, The purification of isophorone can be carried out continuously or intermittently, in a single stage or in multiple stages. Purification is preferably achieved by distillation, which is isolated and purified according to the difference in boiling point of the main product isophorone and by-products to give isophorone.

作为本发明的实验方案的进一步优化，所加入的催化剂有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱的催化用量为0.5～2mol％，缩合反应在高压反应釜中进行，缩合反应温度为150～170℃，缩合反应时间为7～12h。As a further optimization of the experimental scheme of the present invention, the catalytic organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base is added in a catalytic amount of 0.5 to 2 mol%, the condensation reaction is carried out in an autoclave, and the condensation reaction temperature is 150 to 170 ° C, and the condensation reaction is carried out. The time is 7 to 12 hours.

基于上述的技术方案，本发明具有的技术效果为：Based on the above technical solutions, the technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

(1)采用本发明提供的异佛尔酮的制备方法，工艺采用有机催化合成，单程转化率大于50％，选择性大于60％，具有工艺新颖，步骤少，反应条件温和等特点。(1) The preparation method of isophorone provided by the invention adopts organic catalytic synthesis, single conversion rate is more than 50%, selectivity is more than 60%, novel process, less steps, mild reaction conditions and the like.

(2)本发明将丙酮和有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱在同一溶剂体系中进行缩合反应，反应在控制的温度下进行一定时间后，异佛尔酮的选择性达到基本稳定，反应生成的副产物少，基本没有多分子聚合产物，而且反应更容易控制，不需要严格控制反应终点；最后通过蒸馏，分离提纯得到主产物异佛尔酮。(2) In the present invention, acetone and an organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base are subjected to a condensation reaction in the same solvent system, and after the reaction is carried out at a controlled temperature for a certain period of time, the selectivity of isophorone is substantially stabilized, and the reaction is formed. The product is small, substantially no multi-polymerized product, and the reaction is easier to control, and the end point of the reaction is not strictly controlled; finally, the main product isophorone is obtained by distillation and separation and purification.

(3)本发明提供的异佛尔酮的制备方法，通过使用有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱，使丙酮缩合成异佛尔酮，大大改善了单程转化率，并取得了较好的选择性，而且操作控制方便，对设备无特殊要求，反应效率高，适合规模化生产推广。(3) The method for preparing isophorone provided by the present invention, by using an organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base to condense acetone into isophorone, greatly improving the single pass conversion rate and achieving better selectivity. Moreover, the operation and control are convenient, there is no special requirement for the equipment, and the reaction efficiency is high, which is suitable for large-scale production promotion.

具体实施方式detailed description

为了便于本领域的技术人员理解，下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，实施方式提及的内容并不限定本发明的范围。The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the specific embodiments, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

实施例1Example 1

(1)制备有机乌洛托品季铵碱催化剂(1) Preparation of organic urotropine quaternary ammonium base catalyst

取一100mL三颈烧瓶，在氮气保护下向其中依次加入氯化甲基乌洛托品(1.90g，0.01mol)、丙酮(100mL，1.71mol)，然后加入30％的甲醇钠甲醇溶液(1.8g，0.01mol)，控制反应温度为15℃。待反应4h后，对反应液进行过滤，滤液装入250mL高压釜。A 100 mL three-necked flask was placed, and methyl urotropine chloride (1.90 g, 0.01 mol), acetone (100 mL, 1.71 mol) was sequentially added thereto under nitrogen atmosphere, and then a 30% sodium methoxide methanol solution (1.8) was added. g, 0.01 mol), and the reaction temperature was controlled to 15 °C. After reacting for 4 hours, the reaction solution was filtered, and the filtrate was placed in a 250 mL autoclave.

(2)异佛尔酮的合成(2) Synthesis of isophorone

安装好高压釜，加热到180摄氏度，反应5小时。降温后，取样品进行GC分析，丙酮转化率为55％，选择性为63％。常压蒸馏除去丙酮后，产品进行减压精馏，得到异佛尔酮24g，收率为31％。 Install the autoclave, heat to 180 ° C, and react for 5 hours. After cooling, samples were taken for GC analysis with an acetone conversion of 55% and a selectivity of 63%. After removing acetone by atmospheric distillation, the product was subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain 24 g of isophorone in a yield of 31%.

实施例2Example 2

(1)制备有机乌洛托品季铵碱催化剂(1) Preparation of organic urotropine quaternary ammonium base catalyst

取一100mL三颈烧瓶，在氮气保护下向其中依次加入氯化苄基乌洛托品(5.34g,0.02mol)、丙酮(100mL，1.71mol)，然后加入50％的氢氧化钠水溶液(1.6g，0.02mol)，控制反应温度为20℃。待反应6h后，对反应液进行过滤，滤液装入250mL高压釜。A 100 mL three-necked flask was placed, and benzyl urotropine (5.34 g, 0.02 mol), acetone (100 mL, 1.71 mol), and then 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1.6) were sequentially added thereto under a nitrogen atmosphere. g, 0.02 mol), and the reaction temperature was controlled to 20 °C. After reacting for 6 hours, the reaction solution was filtered, and the filtrate was placed in a 250 mL autoclave.

(2)异佛尔酮的合成(2) Synthesis of isophorone

安装好高压釜，加热到150摄氏度，反应6小时。降温后，取样品进行GC分析，丙酮转化率为59％，选择性为65％。常压蒸馏除去丙酮后，产品进行减压精馏，得到异佛尔酮26g，收率为36％。The autoclave was installed, heated to 150 ° C and reacted for 6 hours. After cooling, the sample was taken for GC analysis, and the acetone conversion rate was 59%, and the selectivity was 65%. After removing acetone by atmospheric distillation, the product was subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain 26 g of isophorone in a yield of 36%.

实施例3Example 3

(1)制备有机乌洛托品季铵碱催化剂(1) Preparation of organic urotropine quaternary ammonium base catalyst

取一100mL三颈烧瓶，在氮气保护下向其中依次加入氯化叔丁基乌洛托品(3.12g，0.015mol)、丙酮(100mL，1.71mol)，然后加入30％的甲醇钠甲醇溶液(1.8g，0.01mol)，控制反应温度为18℃。待反应6h后，对反应液进行过滤，滤液装入250mL高压釜。A 100 mL three-necked flask was placed, and t-butyl urotropine chloride (3.12 g, 0.015 mol), acetone (100 mL, 1.71 mol) was sequentially added thereto under nitrogen atmosphere, and then a 30% sodium methoxide methanol solution was added ( 1.8 g, 0.01 mol), and the reaction temperature was controlled to 18 °C. After reacting for 6 hours, the reaction solution was filtered, and the filtrate was placed in a 250 mL autoclave.

(2)异佛尔酮的合成(2) Synthesis of isophorone

安装好高压釜，加热到160摄氏度，反应7小时。降温后，取样品进行GC分析，丙酮转化率为60％，选择性为66％。常压蒸馏除去丙酮后，产品进行减压精馏，得到异佛尔酮27g，收率为38％。The autoclave was installed, heated to 160 ° C and reacted for 7 hours. After cooling, the sample was taken for GC analysis, and the acetone conversion rate was 60%, and the selectivity was 66%. After removing acetone by atmospheric distillation, the product was subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain 27 g of isophorone in a yield of 38%.

以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而己，不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art Modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some of the technical features may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

一种异佛尔酮的制备方法，其特征在于，起始原料丙酮在催化剂有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱的催化作用下，发生缩合反应生成异佛尔酮，具体包括以下步骤：The invention relates to a method for preparing isophorone, characterized in that a condensation reaction of the starting material acetone under the catalysis of a catalyst organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base generates isophorone, and the following steps are specifically included: (1)有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱的合成：(1) Synthesis of organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base:
Figure PCTCN2016105940-appb-100001
Figure PCTCN2016105940-appb-100001
 所述的X-为乌洛托品季铵盐的负离子，包括Cl-、Br-，I-的一种；Said X - is a quaternary ammonium salt anion hexamine, including Cl -, Br -, I - A; (2)异佛尔酮的合成：(2) Synthesis of isophorone:
Figure PCTCN2016105940-appb-100002
Figure PCTCN2016105940-appb-100002
 所述的有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱具有以下结构：The organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base has the following structure:
Figure PCTCN2016105940-appb-100003
Figure PCTCN2016105940-appb-100003
 结构式中的R为少于或等于6个碳的脂肪链取代基，或者苄基。R in the formula is an aliphatic chain substituent of less than or equal to 6 carbons, or a benzyl group. 根据权利要求1所述的异佛尔酮的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的R为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、苄基的一种。The method for producing isophorone according to claim 1, wherein the R is one of a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, a t-butyl group, and a benzyl group. 根据权利要求1所述的异佛尔酮的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱的催化量为0.1～10mol％。The method for producing isophorone according to claim 1, wherein the organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base has a catalytic amount of 0.1 to 10 mol%. 根据权利要求3所述的异佛尔酮的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的有机乌洛托品系季铵强碱的催化量为0.5～2mol％。The method for producing isophorone according to claim 3, wherein the organic urotropine quaternary ammonium strong base has a catalytic amount of 0.5 to 2 mol%. 根据权利要求1所述的异佛尔酮的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(2)的缩合反应在高压反应釜中进行，所述的缩合反应温度为140～180℃，所述的缩合反应时间为5～24h。The method for preparing isophorone according to claim 1, wherein the condensation reaction in the step (2) is carried out in an autoclave, and the condensation reaction temperature is 140 to 180 ° C. The condensation reaction time is 5 to 24 hours. 根据权利要求5所述的异佛尔酮的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的缩合反应温度为150～170℃，所述的缩合反应时间为7～12h。 The method for producing isophorone according to claim 5, wherein the condensation reaction temperature is 150 to 170 ° C, and the condensation reaction time is 7 to 12 hours.
PCT/CN2016/105940 2016-11-15 2016-11-15 Method for preparing isophorone Ceased WO2018090200A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1357435A (en) * 1970-10-07 1974-06-19 Basf Ag Production of alkoxyacetaldehydes and acyloxyacetaldehydes
US5202496A (en) * 1989-04-18 1993-04-13 Aristech Chemical Corporation Method of making isophorne
CN104988510A (en) * 2015-07-20 2015-10-21 武汉工程大学 Hexamethylenetetramine hyamine corrosion inhibition agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1357435A (en) * 1970-10-07 1974-06-19 Basf Ag Production of alkoxyacetaldehydes and acyloxyacetaldehydes
US5202496A (en) * 1989-04-18 1993-04-13 Aristech Chemical Corporation Method of making isophorne
CN104988510A (en) * 2015-07-20 2015-10-21 武汉工程大学 Hexamethylenetetramine hyamine corrosion inhibition agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

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