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WO2018090296A1 - 无源光网络的通信方法、装置和系统 - Google Patents

无源光网络的通信方法、装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018090296A1
WO2018090296A1 PCT/CN2016/106270 CN2016106270W WO2018090296A1 WO 2018090296 A1 WO2018090296 A1 WO 2018090296A1 CN 2016106270 W CN2016106270 W CN 2016106270W WO 2018090296 A1 WO2018090296 A1 WO 2018090296A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical network
network unit
type
channel
determining
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2016/106270
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭桂开
林华枫
聂世玮
吴徐明
方李明
董英华
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP16921747.8A priority Critical patent/EP3531590B1/en
Priority to ES16921747T priority patent/ES2922823T3/es
Priority to CN201680090834.3A priority patent/CN109937545B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/106270 priority patent/WO2018090296A1/zh
Publication of WO2018090296A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018090296A1/zh
Priority to US16/413,811 priority patent/US11063783B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0067—Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4633—Interconnection of networks using encapsulation techniques, e.g. tunneling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27—Arrangements for networking
    • H04B10/271—Combination of different networks, e.g. star and ring configuration in the same network or two ring networks interconnected
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0223—Conversion to or from optical TDM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0227—Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0086—Network resource allocation, dimensioning or optimisation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a passive optical network (PON) communication method, apparatus, and system.
  • PON passive optical network
  • a passive optical network consists of an optical line terminal (OLT) on the central office, an optical network unit (ONU) on the user side, or an optical network terminal (optical network terminal).
  • ONT optical line terminal
  • ODN Optical Distribution Network
  • representative PON technologies are GPON (Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network), EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network), and 10G-GPON (also known as XG).
  • -PON Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network
  • EPON Ethernet Passive Optical Network
  • 10G-GPON also known as XG
  • -PON 10G-EPON
  • TWDM-PON Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Network
  • the OLT provides a network side interface to the PON system and connects one or more ODNs.
  • the ONU provides a user-side interface for the PON system and is connected to the ODN. If the ONU directly provides a user port function, such as an Ethernet user port for personal computers (PCs), it is called an Optical Network Terminal (ONT). Unless otherwise stated, the ONUs mentioned below refer to ONUs and ONTs.
  • the ODN is a network of optical fibers and passive optical splitting devices used to connect OLT devices and ONU devices for distributing or multiplexing data signals between the OLT and the ONU. In a PON system, the OLT to the ONU is called a downlink; otherwise, it is an uplink from the ONU to the OLT.
  • GPON has a downlink rate of 2.5 Gbps, an uplink rate of 1.25 Gbps, and upper and lower wavelengths of 1310 nm and 1490 nm, respectively.
  • the baud rate of the downlink signal of the XG-PON system is 10 GBaud/s, that is, the number of times the carrier modulation state changes per unit time, since the XG-PON is an NRZ (Non-Return-to-Zero) code.
  • the modulation has only two levels, each level carries 1 bit, so the total line rate is also 10 Gbps, the peak rate of each ONU is 10 Gbps, the downstream wavelength is 1577 nm, and the upstream wavelength is 1270 nm.
  • XG-PON is also mature and commercial.
  • the upper and lower wavelengths of the TWDM-PON are 1524 nm to 1544 nm and 1596 nm to 1602 nm, respectively.
  • IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
  • the first solution is to keep the downlink transmission wavelength unchanged and increase the transmission rate of the entire line by increasing the baud rate sent by the OLT.
  • the OLT increases the baud rate to 20G Baud/s
  • the downlink line rate also reaches 20Gbps
  • the redesigned second ONU can correctly receive the baud rate of 20G Baud. /s signal, but the deployed first ONU can only receive the signal with a baud rate of 10G Baud/s.
  • the clock recovery in the receiver is to keep the downlink transmission wavelength unchanged and increase the transmission rate of the entire line by increasing the baud rate sent by the OLT.
  • the clock cannot be locked in the circuit, so that the ONU cannot correctly recover the 1 and 0 in the signal, resulting in a very high bit error rate. Therefore, how to increase the transmission rate of the OLT by increasing the baud rate sent by the OLT while taking care of the deployed ONU It is the current problem.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a passive optical network communication method, apparatus, and system, which improve the transmission rate of the entire line by increasing the baud rate sent by the OLT while taking into account the deployed ONUs.
  • the first aspect provides a communication method for a passive optical network, which includes: first receiving an Ethernet packet, where the Ethernet packet carries an identifier of the optical network unit; and then searching for an identifier of the optical network unit according to the identifier of the optical network unit.
  • the type of the optical network unit comprises: a first type of optical network unit and a second type An optical network unit, wherein a packet receiving rate of the first type of optical network unit and the second type of optical network unit is different; and, according to the first type of optical network unit, searching for a correspondence between a type of the optical network unit and the channel, and determining The channel corresponding to the first type of optical network unit is finally encapsulated into a general encapsulation method GEM frame and sent to the first type of optical network unit through the determined channel.
  • the first corresponding relationship table is searched according to the first type of optical network unit, and the channel corresponding to the first type of optical network unit is determined to be the first channel, and the first correspondence table is the first type. Correspondence between the optical network unit and the first channel.
  • the second correspondence table is searched according to the type of the service network carried by the first type of the optical network unit and the Ethernet packet, and the channel corresponding to the first type of optical network unit is determined.
  • the second correspondence table includes the correspondence between the optical network unit type, the service flow type, and the channel.
  • determining that the channel corresponding to the first type of optical network unit comprises: the first channel or the second channel.
  • the first channel is idle, determining that the channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type is the first channel; if the second channel is idle, determining that the channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type is the second channel; If the first channel and the second channel are both idle, it is determined that the channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type is the first channel.
  • a redundant code stream is generated and sent to the idle channel, and the redundant code stream of the idle channel is modulated in synchronization with the code stream of the other channel.
  • the encapsulating the Ethernet packet into a general encapsulation method GEM frame comprises: mapping a bit outputted by the first channel to a low bit of an output level, and mapping a bit output by the second channel to The high bit of the output level.
  • the optical network unit identifier includes at least one of an ONU-ID, a MAC address, a logical link identifier, and a sequence number.
  • the OLT determines, according to the identifier of the optical network unit carried in the Ethernet packet, that the optical network unit that receives the Ethernet packet is the determined channel of the optical packet of the optical network unit of the first type.
  • the packet forwarding rule sent to the optical network unit of the first type remains unchanged, and the baud rate sent by the OLT is increased to improve the transmission rate of the entire line while taking care of the deployed ONU.
  • the second aspect provides an optical line terminal, including: a receiving unit, configured to receive an Ethernet packet, where the Ethernet packet carries an identifier of the optical network unit, and a first processing unit, configured to use, according to the identifier of the optical network unit, The mapping between the identifier of the optical network unit and the type of the optical network unit is performed, and the optical network unit that receives the Ethernet packet is determined to be the first type of optical network unit, where the type of the optical network unit includes: the first type of optical network unit And the second type of optical network unit, the first type of the optical network unit and the second type of the optical network unit have different packet receiving rates; the second processing unit is configured to search for the optical network unit according to the first type of optical network unit Corresponding relationship between the type and the channel, the channel corresponding to the first type of optical network unit is determined; the encapsulating unit is configured to encapsulate the Ethernet packet into a general encapsulation method GEM frame and send the channel to the first type optical network unit through the determined channel .
  • the second processing unit searches for the first correspondence table according to the first type of optical network unit, and determines that the channel corresponding to the first type of optical network unit is the first channel, where the first corresponding
  • the relationship table is a correspondence between the first type of optical network unit and the first channel.
  • the second processing unit searches the second correspondence table according to the service type of the first type of the optical network unit and the Ethernet packet, and determines the corresponding type of the optical network unit.
  • the channel is the first channel, where the second correspondence table includes the correspondence between the optical network unit type, the service flow type, and the channel.
  • the second processing unit determines, according to the first type of the optical network unit and the idle state of the channel, that the channel corresponding to the first type of optical network unit comprises: a first channel or a second channel.
  • the second processing unit determines that the first channel is idle, determining that the channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type is the first channel, and determining that the second channel is idle, determining the The channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type is the second channel. If the first channel and the second channel are both idle, the channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type is determined to be the first channel.
  • the encapsulation unit is configured to map a bit output by the first channel to a low bit of an output level, and map a bit output by the second channel to a high bit of an output level.
  • the optical network unit identifier includes at least one of an ONU-ID, a MAC address, a logical link identifier, and a sequence number.
  • a passive optical network system including the optical line terminal and the optical network unit described above.
  • a computer readable medium for storing a computer program comprising instructions for performing the method of the first aspect or any of the possible implementations of the first aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art passive optical network system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a passive optical network system provided by the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another passive optical network system provided by the prior art.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a communication method of a passive optical network according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical line terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical line terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical line terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical network unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical network unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical network unit includes a first type of optical network unit and a second type of optical network unit, where the second type of optical network unit is an existing deployed optical network unit, and the first type of optical network unit is the present application.
  • the improved optical network unit has a higher receiving rate than the second type optical network unit.
  • the optical line terminal does not change its transmission wavelength and still follows the existing standard, but the downlink rate is doubled, and the signal sent by the OLT is changed from the original two levels to four levels.
  • the number of flat bearer bits is changed from the original 1 to 2, that is, PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) 4 signal, so the total bit rate can be improved when the baud rate remains unchanged.
  • the two types of optical network units still use the NRZ (Non-Return-to-Zero) decision, the decision level is unchanged, and the peak rate is still 10 Gbps.
  • the first type of optical network unit can use a three-level decision or a soft decision algorithm to recover two bits per level, and the peak rate can reach 20 Gbps.
  • FIG. 4 is a communication method of a passive optical network according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method includes the following steps:
  • the optical line terminal receives an Ethernet packet, where the Ethernet packet carries an optical network unit identifier.
  • the optical network unit identifier may include: SN (Serial Number), ONU-ID, and the like.
  • the optical network unit identifier may include a MAC (Media Access Control Layer) address, a LLID (Logical Link Identifier), and the like.
  • the optical line terminal searches for the correspondence between the identifier of the optical network unit and the type of the optical network unit according to the identifier of the optical network unit, and determines that the optical network unit that receives the Ethernet packet is the optical network unit of the first type.
  • the type of the optical network unit includes: a first type of optical network unit and a second type of optical network unit, wherein the first type of optical network unit and the second type of optical network unit have different packet receiving rates, and the first type of light
  • the packet receiving rate of the network unit is greater than the packet receiving rate of the second type optical network unit.
  • the optical line terminal searches for a corresponding relationship between the type of the optical network unit and the channel according to the optical network unit of the first type, and determines a channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type.
  • the optical line terminal encapsulates the Ethernet packet into a GEM (GPON Encapsulation Method) frame and sends the packet to the first type of optical network unit through the determined channel.
  • GEM GPON Encapsulation Method
  • the encapsulation in the above steps refers to converting an Ethernet packet into a GEM frame.
  • the optical line terminal searches for the first correspondence table according to the first type of optical network unit, and determines that the channel corresponding to the first type of optical network unit is the first channel, and the first correspondence table is Correspondence between a type of optical network unit and a first channel.
  • a first correspondence table can be as shown in Table 1:
  • Optical network unit identification Optical network unit type Carrying channel SN0001 First type optical network unit First channel SN0002 First type optical network unit First channel SN0003 Second type optical network unit Second channel
  • the first type optical network unit is bound to the first channel
  • the second type optical network unit is bound to the second channel, and the channel is independently distributed.
  • the optical line terminal searches for the second correspondence table according to the type of the service network (such as video, voice, data, etc.) carried by the first type of optical network unit and the Ethernet packet, and determines the first
  • the channel corresponding to one type of optical network unit is a first channel
  • the second correspondence table includes light.
  • a second correspondence table can be as shown in Table 2:
  • the optical line terminal OLT can establish and maintain the mapping relationship between the optical network unit, the service type, the optical network unit identifier, and the bearer channel in Table 1 and Table 2 in advance.
  • the corresponding mapping relationship may be established from a three-party device, from a gateway, or through a command line.
  • the optical line terminal determines, according to the first type of the optical network unit and the idle state of the channel, that the channel corresponding to the first type of optical network unit comprises: a first channel or a second channel.
  • the first channel is idle, determining that the channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type is the first channel; if the second channel is idle, determining that the channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type is the second channel; If the first channel and the second channel are both idle, it is determined that the channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type is the first channel.
  • the XG-PON is used as an example.
  • the first channel and the second channel may be XGMAC (XG Media Access Control) channels, the second channel belongs to the basic XGMAC channel, and the first channel belongs to the extension.
  • the XGMAC channel has the same working method as the two channels, and conforms to the existing standard XG-PON system.
  • the first channel and the second channel of the structure include: a channel buffer module, and a downlink XGEM (XG-PON Encapsulation Method).
  • Frame module downlink XGTC (XG-PON Transmission Convergence) framing module, Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding module and scrambling code module.
  • FEC Forward Error Correction
  • the OLT receives 20 Gbps Ethernet packet data stream from the upper layer network, which can be buffered by the receiving queue buffer, and then distributed to the first channel and the second according to the above distribution algorithm.
  • the channel buffer has a rate of 10 Gbps for the first channel and the second channel, respectively, and the total line transmission rate is increased.
  • the optical line terminal encapsulates the Ethernet packet into a general encapsulation method.
  • the GEM frame includes: the optical line terminal maps the bit output by the first channel to a low bit of the output level, and outputs the second channel. The bits are mapped to the high bits of the output level.
  • the data output by the first channel is '0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1'
  • the data output by the second channel is '0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1 , 0, 1'
  • the bit outputted by the first channel is modulated as the right bit (low bit)
  • the bit output by the second channel is modulated to be the left bit (high bit).
  • the modulation method is not limited, for example, PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) 4 modulation can be used.
  • bit map is shown below:
  • the optical line terminal in the foregoing embodiment may further copy the Ethernet packet when the received Ethernet packet is sent to the second type optical network unit. And sent to the first channel, the two signals are simultaneously modulated, and the two-level signals 00 and 11 are output, so that the two-level eye diagram of the modulated output is larger.
  • the OLT when the first channel or the second channel is idle and there is no downlink Ethernet packet, in order to synchronize with the code stream of the other channel, the OLT generates a redundant (Idle) code stream and sends it to the idle channel, corresponding to idle.
  • the redundant code stream of the channel is modulated in synchronization with the code stream of the other channel.
  • the XGEM port number of the channel where the redundant code stream is located can use a special value, and the optical network unit reorganizes according to the special value.
  • the second type of optical network unit ONU does not have the function of reporting its own type.
  • the first type of ONU newly defined in this embodiment has the function of reporting its own type, and the OLT establishes the ONU type according to the type reported by the first type of ONU. table.
  • the OLT can send an ONU type report request. If the ONU type of the ONU is received, the ONU is considered to be the ONU of the first type. If the ONU is not received by the ONU after the timeout, the ONU of the ONU type is considered to be the second type of ONU.
  • the Ethernet packet sent to the second type optical network unit maintains the existing rule without changing the existing deployed optical network unit, and the OLT carries the Ethernet packet according to the Ethernet packet.
  • the optical network unit identifies that the optical network unit that receives the Ethernet packet is the first type of the optical network unit, and the Ethernet packet is sent to the optical network unit of the first type through the determined channel, so as to implement the wave sent by the OLT. Special rate to increase the entire line transmission rate while taking into account the deployed ONU
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an optical line terminal, including:
  • the receiving unit 501 is configured to receive an Ethernet packet, where the Ethernet packet carries an optical network unit identifier.
  • the first processing unit 502 is configured to search for a corresponding relationship between the identifier of the optical network unit and the type of the optical network unit according to the identifier of the optical network unit, and determine that the optical network unit that receives the Ethernet packet is the optical network unit of the first type.
  • the type of the optical network unit includes: a first type optical network unit and a second type optical network unit, and the packet receiving rates of the first type optical network unit and the second type optical network unit are different.
  • the packet receiving rates of the first type optical network unit and the second type optical network unit are different.
  • its reception rate is increased compared to the second type of optical network unit.
  • the second processing unit 503 is configured to search for a corresponding path between the type of the optical network unit and the channel according to the optical network unit of the first type, and determine a channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type.
  • the encapsulating unit 504 is configured to encapsulate the Ethernet packet into a general encapsulation method GEM frame and send the signal to the first type optical network unit through the determined channel.
  • the channel includes at least a first channel and a second channel.
  • the XG-PON is used as an example.
  • the first channel and the second channel may be XGMAC (XG Media Access Control) channels, and the second channel.
  • the channel belongs to the basic XGMAC channel, and the first channel belongs to the extended XGMAC channel.
  • the two channels work in the same way and conform to the existing standard XG-PON system.
  • the first channel and the second channel in the structure include: channel buffer module and downlink.
  • XGEM XG-PON Encapsulation Method
  • downlink XGTC XG-PON Transmission Convergence
  • FEC Forward Error Correction
  • scrambling code Modules the working principle of these modules can be The existing standard protocol ITU-T G987.3 is tested and will not be described here.
  • the OLT receives 20 Gbps Ethernet packet data stream from the upper layer network, which can be buffered by the receiving queue buffer, and then distributed to the first channel and the second channel buffer according to the above distribution algorithm, the first channel and the first channel The rate of the two channels is 10Gbps, which improves the total line transmission rate.
  • the second processing unit 503 searches the first corresponding relationship table according to the first type of optical network unit, and determines that the channel corresponding to the first type of optical network unit is the first channel, where the first corresponding
  • the relationship table is a correspondence between the first type of optical network unit and the first channel.
  • the first correspondence table is as described in Table 1 above, and is not described here.
  • the second processing unit 503 searches the second correspondence table according to the type of the service network carried by the optical network unit and the Ethernet packet, and determines the corresponding type of the optical network unit.
  • the channel is the first channel, where the second correspondence table includes the correspondence between the optical network unit type, the service flow type, and the channel.
  • the second correspondence table is as described in Table 2 above, and is not described here.
  • the second processing unit 503 determines, according to the first type of the optical network unit and the idle state of the channel, that the channel corresponding to the first type of optical network unit comprises: a first channel or a second channel.
  • the second processing unit 503 determines that the first channel is idle, and determines that the channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type is the first channel. When it is determined that the second channel is idle, it is determined that the channel corresponding to the optical network unit of the first type is the second channel. When both the first channel and the second channel are idle, it is determined that the channel corresponding to the first type of optical network unit is the first channel.
  • the encapsulation unit 504 is configured to map the bits output by the first channel to the low bits of the output level and the bits output by the second channel to the high bits of the output level.
  • the receiving unit, the first processing unit and the second processing unit may also be used as a channel distribution module as a whole, and the channel distribution module is provided with a receiving unit, a first processing unit and a second processing. All the functions of the unit, the flow performed by the encapsulating unit may be completed by the first channel, the second channel and the modulation module, wherein the channel distribution module is connected to the modulation module through the first channel and the second channel.
  • the channel distribution module distributes the Ethernet packet received from the upper layer network to the first channel and/or the second channel through the channel buffer according to the method described in the previous embodiment. After the channel buffer, the transmission channel of the first channel distributes the Ethernet packets distributed by the module and frames the Ethernet packets.
  • the second channel transmission channel distributes the Ethernet packets distributed by the module and converts the Ethernet packets into a frame format.
  • the modulation module receives the frame format converted message outputted by the first channel and the second channel, performs modulation such as PAM4 modulation, and outputs a multi-level signal, each level carrying two bits.
  • the OLT of the present application adds a DBA (Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation) calculation module to uniformly coordinate how the first channel and the second channel are used to send uplink bandwidth authorization information.
  • a DBA Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation
  • the ONU informs the OLT through the uplink packet according to its own bandwidth requirement.
  • the OLT extracts the bandwidth requirement information from the uplink XGTC demapping module, and submits it to the DBA calculation module.
  • the DBA calculation module determines the bandwidth allocation strategy, and then the result passes through the downlink.
  • the channel informs the ONU. This embodiment is divided into the following scenarios:
  • Scenario 1 When only the first type of ONU is used, only the second channel is sent to send uplink grant information.
  • Scenario 2 When the first type of ONU and the second type of ONU coexist, the DBA calculation module uniformly coordinates the uplink time slot allocation, and instructs the first channel and the second channel to send uplink authorization information respectively;
  • Scenario 3 When only the second type of ONU is used, only one of the channels is instructed to send the uplink grant information, and the ONU is notified in advance which channel, or the fixed indication is sent by the first channel or the second channel.
  • the Ethernet packet sent to the second type optical network unit remains unchanged, and the OLT carries the light according to the Ethernet packet.
  • the network unit identifier determines that the optical network unit that receives the Ethernet packet is the first type of the optical network unit, and the Ethernet packet is sent to the first type of optical network unit through the determined channel, so as to implement the baud sent by the OLT. Rate to increase the overall line transfer rate while taking into account deployed ONUs.
  • the embodiment of the present application further discloses an optical network unit, which is different from the optical network unit defined by the existing standard protocol ITU-T G987.3, and further includes a demodulation module 801 and The channel aggregation module, wherein the demodulation module is connected to the channel aggregation module through the third channel and the fourth channel, and the demodulation module receives the optical/electrically converted signal and demodulates, outputs two signals, and the first output is the OLT first.
  • the bit stream of the channel ie, the bit stream of the low bit
  • the other output is the bit stream of the second channel of the OLT (ie, the bit stream of the high bit), where one signal is sent to the third channel and the other signal is sent to The fourth channel.
  • the third channel and the fourth channel of the ONU may also be XGMAC channels, wherein the third channel is a basic XGMAC channel, and the fourth channel is an extended XGMAC.
  • the channel and the two channels work in the same way and conform to the XG-PON system defined by the existing standard protocol ITU-T G987.3.
  • the third channel and the fourth channel in the structure mainly include a downlink XGTC synchronization module, a descrambling module, an FEC decoding module, a downlink XGTC deframing module, a downlink X encapsulation mode deframing module, etc., and the working principles of these modules refer to existing standards.
  • the protocol ITU-G987.3 is not repeated here.
  • the demodulation module 701 performs demodulation and determination, outputs two signals, and then outputs the signals in two ways.
  • a soft decision algorithm can also be used.
  • the demodulation decision rule of the demodulation module 701 is exactly the inverse operation of the OLT internal modulation module, one output is the bit stream of the first channel of the OLT (ie, the low bit bit stream), and the other output is the second channel of the OLT. Bit stream (ie high bit bit stream). Both the third receiving channel and the fourth receiving channel receive data.
  • the data received by the optical module may not be sent to the third channel, but only sent to the fourth channel, and then passed through the downlink XGTC synchronization module, the descrambling module, the FEC decoding module, the downlink XGTC de-frame module, and the downlink XGEM de-frame module.
  • the XGEM module filters the packets that are not sent to itself according to the XGEM port number in the frame, and finally restores the Ethernet packet flow.
  • the receiving scheme only supports the channel independent distribution scheme of the OLT.
  • the two channels in the ONU of the first type of optical network unit finally recover the Ethernet packet stream after passing through the channel aggregation module, and the aggregation algorithm corresponds to the channel distribution algorithm of the OLT.
  • the OLT adopts channel independent distribution and distribution by service flow, the Ethernet packet flows of the two channels are sent and received in order. The channel aggregation only needs to be scheduled according to the normal priority queue, which can be ordered. Restore Ethernet packet flow.
  • the OLT adopts a two-channel Ethernet packet load balancing distribution scheme, because Ethernet packets may be out of order during transmission, the Ethernet packet stream needs to be restored in order at the receiving end. This can be done on each Ethernet.
  • a sequence number is added to the packet.
  • the channel aggregation module in the first type of ONU uses this sequence number to restore the Ethernet packet stream in sequence.
  • the existing receiving scheme is kept unchanged, and the signal sent by the OLT is still in the NRZ decision mode, and the decision level is also unchanged.
  • the NRZ decision judges the four levels as two levels, the high two-level decision is 1, the low two-level decision is 0, the bit stream sent by the OLT is recovered, and then the downlink XGTC synchronization module and the descrambling module are passed.
  • the demapping module and the downlink XGEM demapping module perform corresponding processing.
  • the downlink XGEM demapping module filters the packets that are not sent to itself according to the XGEM port number in the XGEM frame, and finally restores the Ethernet packets.
  • the uplink and downlink authorization information of the first type of ONU can be used to extract the uplink bandwidth authorization information of the first type of ONU by the OLT, or the uplink bandwidth is fixed by the third channel or the fourth channel.
  • Authorization information and then according to the allocated time slot, the XGEM framing module in the uplink channel sends the data of the corresponding duration, after the uplink XGTC framing module, the scrambling code module, the adding and delimiting module, and then sends the data to the power/optical conversion module.
  • the working principle of the foregoing module can refer to the existing standard protocol ITU-G987.3, and details are not described herein again.
  • a 40GPON system can always select three first channels and one second channel to achieve 40 Gbps rate transmission.
  • the first type of ONU can receive the packet data of the transmission rate that is sent by the OLT, and does not affect the second type of ONU to receive the packet data sent by the OLT.
  • the baud rate sent by the OLT to increase the overall line transmission rate while taking into account the deployed ONUs.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a computer device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer device 1000 includes at least one processor 1001, a communication bus 1002, a memory 1003, and at least one communication interface 1004.
  • the processor 1001 may be a general purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present application.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • Communication bus 1002 can include a path for communicating information between the components described above.
  • Communication interface 904 using any type of transceiver, for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, Radio Access Network (RAN), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), etc. .
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Networks
  • the memory 1003 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type that can store information and instructions.
  • the dynamic storage device can also be an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM) or a Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM). Or other disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store expectations in the form of instructions or data structures Program code and any other medium that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory 1003 may be independent and connected to the processor 1001 via a bus.
  • the memory 1003 can also be integrated with the processor 1001.
  • the memory 1003 is configured to store application code for executing the solution of the present application, and is controlled by the processor 1001 for execution.
  • the processor 1001 is configured to execute application code stored in the memory 1003.
  • One or more software modules may be stored in the memory 1003, and the stored software modules may be implemented by the program code in the processor 1001 and the memory 1003 to achieve an OLT transmission bit rate improvement.
  • the processor 1001 can call the program code stored in the memory 1003 to receive the Ethernet packet, and the Ethernet packet carries the identifier of the optical network unit, and then searches for the identifier of the optical network unit according to the identifier of the optical network unit.
  • determining that the optical network unit that receives the Ethernet packet is a first type of optical network unit.
  • the processor 1001 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG.
  • the computer device 1000 may include a plurality of processors 1001, such as the first processor 10011 and the second processor 10012 in FIG. 10, wherein the first processor 10011 and the second process
  • the names of the devices 10012 are different and the reference numerals are different, just to distinguish the plurality of processors 1001.
  • Each of these processors 1001 may be a single-CPU processor 1001 or a multi-CPU processor 1001.
  • Processor 1001 herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data, such as computer program instructions.
  • the computer device 1000 described above may be a hardware module inside the OLT, or may be a general purpose computer device or a dedicated computer device.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of computer device 1000.
  • the Ethernet packet sent to the second type optical network unit remains unchanged, and the optical line terminal according to the Ethernet packet Carrying the identifier of the optical network unit, and determining that the optical network unit that receives the Ethernet packet is the optical packet of the optical network unit of the first type, and sends the Ethernet packet to the optical network unit of the first type through the determined channel,
  • the baud rate is sent to increase the overall line transmission rate while taking into account the deployed optical network unit.
  • the passive optical network system proposed in the embodiment of the present application may also be a 40GPON, a 100GPON, or the like, without any limitation.
  • the present application is also applicable to other point-to-point communication systems.
  • point-to-point communication systems such as Ethernet communication
  • multi-channel jointing is used to increase the rate, while the wavelength is unchanged, and the related PON field is simpler because point-to-point communication is not required. Also consider compatibility with old and new nodes.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may also be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into the same electronic component or chip, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware, software or a combination of software and hardware; the software program may be stored in a readable storage medium, and the program executes the corresponding steps in the above method when executed.
  • the above storage medium may be, for example, a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种无源光网络的通信方法、装置和系统，其中方法包括：接收以太网报文，以太网报文携带光网络单元标识；根据光网络单元标识，查找光网络单元标识与光网络单元的类型的对应关系，确定接收所述以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元，其中，光网络单元的类型包括：第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元，两者报文接收速率不同；根据第一类型的光网络单元，查找光网络单元的类型与通道的对应关系，确定第一类型光网络单元对应的通道；将以太网报文封装成通用封装方法GEM帧并通过确定的通道发送给第一类型光网络单元。本申请实施例实现通过提升OLT发送的波特率来提升整个线路传输速率同时兼顾已部署的ONU。

Description

无源光网络的通信方法、装置和系统 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及无源光网络(Passive Optical Network，PON)的通信方法、装置和系统。
背景技术
如图1所示，无源光网络(Passive Optical Network，PON)由局侧的光线路终端(Optical Line Terminal，OLT)、用户侧的光网络单元(Optical Network Unit，ONU)或者光网络终端(Optical Network Terminal，ONT)以及光分配网络(Optical Distribute Network，ODN)组成。目前，具有代表性的PON技术是GPON(Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network，千兆无源光网络)、EPON(Ethernet Passive Optical Network，以太网无源光网络)、10G-GPON(也可以称为XG-PON)、10G-EPON以及时分和波分复用无源光网络(Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Network，TWDM-PON)
OLT为PON系统提供网络侧接口，连接一个或多个ODN。ONU为PON系统提供用户侧接口，与ODN相连。如果ONU直接提供用户端口功能，如个人电脑(Personal Computer，PC)上网用的以太网用户端口，则称为光网络终端(Optical Network Terminal，ONT)。无特殊说明，下文提到的ONU统指ONU和ONT。ODN是由光纤和无源分光器件组成的网络，用于连接OLT设备和ONU设备，用于分发或复用OLT和ONU之间的数据信号。在PON系统中，从OLT到ONU称为下行；反之，从ONU到OLT为上行。
其中，GPON的下行速率为2.5Gbps，上行速率为1.25Gbps，上、下行波长是分别1310nm和1490nm。XG-PON系统的下行信号的波特率是10GBaud/s，即单位时间内载波调制状态变化的次数，由于XG-PON是采用的NRZ(Non-Return-to-Zero，不归零)编码，调制只有两电平，每个电平承载1个比特，所以线路总速率也为10Gbps，每个ONU的峰值速率是10Gbps，下行波长为1577nm，上行波长为1270nm。目前XG-PON也已经成熟和商用。TWDM-PON的上、下行波长分别为1524nm～1544nm和1596nm～1602nm。而IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers，电气电子工程师学会) 则开始考虑制定100Gbps的NG-EPON标准，其波长规划正处于争论之中。总而言之，PON技术一直在朝着更高速率的方向升级，随着PON的代数越来越多，如何提升整个线路传输速率是行业面临的难题。
现有第一种解决方案是保持下行发送波长不变，通过提升OLT发送的波特率来提升整个线路传输速率。以XG-PON为例，如图2所示，若OLT提升波特率至20G Baud/s，那下行的线路速率也达到了20Gbps，重新设计的第二ONU能够正确接收波特率为20G Baud/s的信号，但是已部署的第一ONU只能接收波特率为10G Baud/s的信号，第一ONU收到波特率为20G Baud/s的信号时，其接收机中的时钟恢复电路出现时钟无法锁定的状态，使得ONU无法正确的恢复信号中的1和0，造成误码率极高，因此如何通过提升OLT发送的波特率来提升整个线路传输速率同时兼顾已部署的ONU是目前面临的难题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种无源光网络通信方法、装置和系统，实现通过提升OLT发送的波特率来提升整个线路传输速率同时兼顾已部署的ONU。
第一方面，提供了一种无源光网络的通信方法，该包括：首先接收以太网报文，该以太网报文携带光网络单元标识；然后根据该光网络单元标识，查找光网络单元标识与光网络单元的类型的对应关系，确定接收该以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元，其中，该光网络单元的类型包括：第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元，其中，第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元的报文接收速率不同；再根据该第一类型的光网络单元，查找光网络单元的类型与通道的对应关系，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道；最后将该以太网报文封装成通用封装方法GEM帧并通过确定的通道发送给第一类型光网络单元。
在一种可能的设计中，根据第一类型的光网络单元，查找第一对应关系表，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道，该第一对应关系表为第一类型的光网络单元与第一通道的对应关系。
在一种可能的设计中，根据第一类型的光网络单元以及以太网报文所承载的业务流类型，查找第二对应关系表，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道 为第一通道，该第二对应关系表包括光网络单元类型、业务流类型与通道的对应关系。
在一种可能的设计中，根据第一类型的光网络单元以及通道的空闲状态，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道包括：第一通道或者第二通道。
可选地，如果第一通道空闲，则确定第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道；如果第二通道空闲，则确定第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第二通道；如果第一通道和第二通道均空闲，则确定该第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道。
在一种可能的设计中，第一通道或第二通道空闲时，生成冗余码流并发送至空闲的通道，所述空闲通道的冗余码流与另一通道的码流同步进行调制。
在一种可能的设计中，将所述以太网报文封装成通用封装方法GEM帧包括：将第一通道输出的比特映射为输出电平的低比特位，将第二通道输出的比特映射为输出电平的高比特位。
可选地，光网络单元标识包括ONU-ID、MAC地址、逻辑链路标识、序列号中的至少一种。
可以看出，本申请实施例中OLT根据以太网报文携带的光网络单元标识，将确定接收以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元的以太网报文通过确定的通道发送至第一类型的光网络单元，发送至第二类型的光网络单元的报文转发规则保持不变，实现通过提升OLT发送的波特率来提升整个线路传输速率同时兼顾已部署的ONU。
第二方面，提供了一种光线路终端，包括：接收单元，用于接收以太网报文，该以太网报文携带光网络单元标识；第一处理单元，用于根据该光网络单元标识，查找光网络单元标识与光网络单元的类型的对应关系，确定接收该以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元，其中，光网络单元的类型包括：第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元，第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元的报文接收速率不同；第二处理单元，用于根据该第一类型的光网络单元，查找光网络单元的类型与通道的对应关系，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道；封装单元，用于将该以太网报文封装成通用封装方法GEM帧并通过确定的通道发送给第一类型光网络单元。
在一种可能的设计中，第二处理单元根据所述第一类型的光网络单元，查找第一对应关系表，确定第一类型光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道，其中，第一对应关系表为第一类型的光网络单元与第一通道的对应关系。
在一种可能的设计中，第二处理单元根据第一类型的光网络单元以及以太网报文所承载的业务流类型，查找第二对应关系表，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道，其中，第二对应关系表包括光网络单元类型、业务流类型与通道的对应关系。
在一种可能的设计中，第二处理单元根据第一类型的光网络单元以及通道的空闲状态，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道包括：第一通道或者第二通道。
可选地，所述第二处理单元确定所述第一通道空闲，则确定所述第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道；确定所述第二通道空闲，则确定所述第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第二通道；确定所述第一通道和第二通道均空闲，则确定所述第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道。
在一种可能的设计中，上述封装单元用于将所述第一通道输出的比特映射为输出电平的低比特位，将所述第二通道输出的比特映射为输出电平的高比特位。
可选地，光网络单元标识包括ONU-ID、MAC地址、逻辑链路标识、序列号中的至少一种。
第三方面，还提供了一种无源光网络系统，包括上述的光线路终端以及光网络单元。
第四方面，提供了一种计算机可读介质，用于存储计算机程序，该计算机程序包括用于执行第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法的指令。
附图说明
图1为现有技术无源光网络系统示意图；
图2为现有技术提供的一种无源光网络系统示意图；
图3为现有技术提供的另一种无源光网络系统示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种无源光网络的通信方法流程图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种光线路终端的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的另一种光线路终端的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种光线路终端的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种光网络单元的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的另一种光网络单元的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种计算机设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本申请的实施例进行描述。
图3是根据本申请实施例的一个应用场景的示意图。如图3所示，光网络单元包括第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元，其中第二类型光网络单元为现有已部署的光网络单元，第一类型光网络单元为本申请改进的光网络单元，与第二类型光网络单元相比，其接收速率提升。以XG-PON为例，光线路终端其发送波长不做改动，仍遵循现有的标准，但下行速率提升一倍，OLT发出的信号由原来的两电平变为了四电平，每个电平的承载比特(bit)数由原来的1变为2，即PAM(Pulse amplitude modulation，脉冲幅度调制)4信号，所以能在波特率保持不变的情况下，总的比特速率提升，第二类型光网络单元仍用不归零(NRZ，Non-Return-to-Zero)判决，判决电平不变，峰值速率仍是10Gbps。第一类型光网络单元可以采用三电平判决或软判决算法，恢复出每个电平的两个比特，峰值速率可以达到20Gbps。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种无源光网络的通信方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
S401：光线路终端接收以太网报文，该以太网报文携带光网络单元标识。
对于GPON系统，光网络单元标识可以包括：SN(Serial Number，序列号)、ONU-ID等。对于EPON系统，光网络单元标识可以包括：MAC(Media Access Control，媒体介入控制层)地址、LLID(Logical Link Identifier，逻辑链路标识)等。
S402:光线路终端根据该光网络单元标识，查找光网络单元标识与光网络单元的类型的对应关系，确定接收该以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元。
其中，该光网络单元的类型包括：第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元，其中，第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元的报文接收速率不同，第一类型光网络单元的报文接收速率大于第二类型光网络单元的的报文接收速率。
S403：光线路终端根据该第一类型的光网络单元，查找光网络单元的类型与通道的对应关系，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道。
S405：光线路终端将该以太网报文封装成GEM(GPON Encapsulation Method，GPON封装模式)帧并通过确定的通道发送给第一类型光网络单元。
上述步骤中的封装是指将以太网报文转化为GEM帧。
需说明的是，在图4所示的实施例中，各个步骤之前的编号不代表步骤的实际执行顺序，在实际应用中，各个步骤可以按照任意可能的顺序执行。
在一种可能的设计中，光线路终端根据第一类型光网络单元，查找第一对应关系表，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道，该第一对应关系表为第一类型的光网络单元与第一通道的对应关系。一种第一对应关系表可以如表1所示：
表1
光网络单元标识 光网络单元类型 承载通道
SN0001 第一类型光网络单元 第一通道
SN0002 第一类型光网络单元 第一通道
SN0003 第二类型光网络单元 第二通道
上述表1中第一类型光网络单元绑定第一通道，第二类型光网络单元绑定第二通道，通道独立分发。
在一种可能的设计中，光线路终端根据第一类型的光网络单元以及以太网报文所承载的业务流类型(比如视频、语音、数据等)，查找第二对应关系表，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道，该第二对应关系表包括光 网络单元类型、业务流类型与通道的对应关系。一种第二对应关系表可以如表2所示：
表2
Figure PCTCN2016106270-appb-000001
光线路终端OLT可以提前建立并维护好上述表1和表2所示光网络单元、业务类型，光网络单元标识以及承载通道之间的映射关系。建立相应的映射关系可以是来自三方装置，也可以是来自网关，也可以是通过命令行输入。
还一种实施例中，光线路终端根据第一类型的光网络单元以及通道的空闲状态，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道包括：第一通道或者第二通道。可选地，如果第一通道空闲，则确定第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道；如果第二通道空闲，则确定第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第二通道；如果第一通道和第二通道均空闲，则确定该第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道。
以XG-PON为例说明，本实施例中第一通道和第二通道可以为XGMAC(XG Media Access Control，XG媒体接入控制)通道，第二通道属于基本的XGMAC通道，第一通道属于扩展的XGMAC通道，两个通道的工作方法一样，符合现有标准的XG-PON系统，结构上第一通道和第二通道包括：通道缓存模块、下行XGEM(XGPON Encapsulation Method，XG-PON封装模式)帧模块、下行XGTC(XG-PON Transmission Convergence，XG-PON传送汇聚)成帧模块、前向纠错(Forward Error Correction，FEC)编码模块以及扰码模块，这些模块的工作原理可以参考现有标准协议ITU-T G987.3，在此不再赘述。对于XG-PON来说，OLT从上层网络接收20Gbps以太网报文数据流，可以先由接收队列缓存进行缓存，然后按照上述分发算法分发至第一通道和第二 通道缓存，第一通道和第二通道的速率分别为10Gbps，实现总线路传输速率提升。
在一种可能的设计中，光线路终端将以太网报文封装成通用封装方法GEM帧包括：光线路终端将第一通道输出的比特映射为输出电平的低比特位，将第二通道输出的比特映射为输出电平的高比特位。具体的，举例说明，第一通道输出的数据为‘0、1、0、1、1、1、0、1’，第二通道输出的数据为‘0、0、1、1、0、1、0、1’，则调制后输出‘00’、‘10’、‘01’、‘11’、‘10’、‘11’、‘00’、‘11’，共四种电平(0、1、2、3)，第一通道输出的比特经过调制后作为右边的比特(低比特位)，第二通道输出的比特经过调制后作为左边的比特(高比特位)。调制的方式不做限制，比如可以采用PAM(Pulse Amplitude Modulation，脉冲幅度调制)4调制。
比特映射示意如下所示：
(第一通道1，第二通道1)11→3
(第一通道1，第二通道0)10→2
(第一通道0，第二通道1)01→1
(第一通道0，第二通道0)00→0
另一实施例中，上述实施例中光线路终端还可以在判断接收的以太网报文是发送给第二类型光网络单元时，发送到第二通道时，同时复制一份该以太网报文并发送给第一通道，两路信号同时进行调制，输出两电平信号00和11，这样使得调制后输出的二电平眼图更大。
另一实施例中，第一通道或第二通道空闲没有下行以太网报文时，为了和另一通道的码流同步，OLT生成冗余(Idle)码流并发送至空闲的通道，对应空闲的通道的冗余码流与另一通道的码流同步进行调制。冗余码流所在通道的XGEM端口号可以用一个特殊的值，光网络单元根据该特殊值进行重组。
需要说明的是，第二类型光网络单元ONU不具有上报自身类型的功能，本实施例新定义的第一类型ONU具有上报自身类型的功能，OLT根据第一类型ONU上报的类型，建立ONU类型表。OLT可以发送ONU类型上报请求， 如果接收到ONU回应的ONU类型，则认为该ONU为第一类型ONU，如果超时后没有收到ONU回应的ONU类型，则认为没有反馈ONU类型的ONU为第二类型ONU。
可以看出，本申请实施例在不改动现有已部署的光网络单元的情况下，发送至第二类型光网络单元的以太网报文保持现有规则不变，OLT根据以太网报文携带光网络单元标识，将确定接收以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元的以太网报文通过确定的通道发送至第一类型的光网络单元，实现通过提升OLT发送的波特率来提升整个线路传输速率同时兼顾已部署的ONU
如图5所示，本申请实施例还提供了一种光线路终端，包括：
接收单元501，用于接收以太网报文，该以太网报文携带光网络单元标识。
第一处理单元502，用于根据该光网络单元标识，查找光网络单元标识与光网络单元的类型的对应关系，确定接收该以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元。
其中，光网络单元的类型包括：第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元，第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元的报文接收速率不同。对于重新设计的第一类型光网络单元来说，与第二类型光网络单元相比，其接收速率提升。
第二处理单元503，用于根据该第一类型的光网络单元，查找光网络单元的类型与通道的对应关系，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道。
封装单元504，用于将该以太网报文封装成通用封装方法GEM帧并通过确定的通道发送给第一类型光网络单元。
上述通道至少包括第一通道和第二通道，以XG-PON为例说明，本实施例中第一通道和第二通道可以为XGMAC(XG Media Access Control，XG媒体接入控制)通道，第二通道属于基本的XGMAC通道，第一通道属于扩展的XGMAC通道，两个通道的工作方法一致，符合现有标准的XG-PON系统，结构上第一通道和第二通道包括：通道缓存模块、下行XGEM(XGPON Encapsulation Method，XG-PON封装模式)帧模块、下行XGTC(XG-PON Transmission Convergence，XG-PON传送汇聚)成帧模块、前向纠错(Forward Error Correction，FEC)编码模块以及扰码模块，这些模块的工作原理可以参 考现有标准协议ITU-T G987.3，在此不再赘述。对于XG-PON来说，OLT从上层网络接收20Gbps以太网报文数据流，可以先由接收队列缓存进行缓存，然后按照上述分发算法分发至第一通道和第二通道缓存，第一通道和第二通道的速率分别为10Gbps，实现总线路传输速率提升。
在一种实施例中，第二处理单元503根据所述第一类型的光网络单元，查找第一对应关系表，确定第一类型光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道，其中，第一对应关系表为第一类型的光网络单元与第一通道的对应关系。关于第一对应关系表如前文表1所述，不在赘述。
在一种实施例中，第二处理单元503根据第一类型的光网络单元以及以太网报文所承载的业务流类型，查找第二对应关系表，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道，其中，第二对应关系表包括光网络单元类型、业务流类型与通道的对应关系。关于第二对应关系表如前文表2所述，不在赘述。
在一种实施例中，第二处理单元503根据第一类型的光网络单元以及通道的空闲状态，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道包括：第一通道或者第二通道。
可选地，第二处理单元503确定第一通道空闲，则确定该第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道。当确定第二通道空闲，则确定该第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第二通道。当第一通道和第二通道均空闲时，则确定第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道。
在一种实施例中，上述封装单元504用于将第一通道输出的比特映射为输出电平的低比特位，将第二通道输出的比特映射为输出电平的高比特位。具体实施方式如上述实施例介绍，在此不再赘述。
作为一种具体的实现方式，如图6所示，接收单元，第一处理单元和第二处理单元也可以整体作为一个通道分发模块，通道分发模块具备接收单元，第一处理单元和第二处理单元的所有功能，封装单元执行的流程可以由第一通道、第二通道以及调制模块共同完成，其中通道分发模块通过第一通道和第二通道与调制模块连接。通道分发模块根据前面实施例介绍的方法经过通道缓存将从上层网络接收到的以太网报文分发给第一通道和/或第二通道。经过通道缓存，第一通道的传输通道分发模块分发的以太网报文并将以太网报文进行帧 格式转换，第二通道传输通道分发模块分发的以太网报文并将以太网报文进行帧格式转换。调制模块接收第一通道和第二通道输出的帧格式转换后的报文，进行调制比如PAM4调制，输出多电平、每个电平承载两比特的信号。
如图7所示，针对图6所示方式，本申请实施例OLT增设一个DBA(Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation，动态带宽分配)计算模块来统一协调第一通道和第二通道如何用于发送上行带宽授权信息。因为OLT上行接收时突发接收的，需要OLT对ONU进行带宽授权，按把上行链路时隙无缝地分配给ONU，以免冲突。ONU根据自己的带宽需求，通过上行报文告知OLT，OLT从上行XGTC解帧模块提取带宽需求信息，交由DBA计算模块，由DBA计算模块来决定上带宽分配的策略，然后其结果再通过下行通道告知ONU。本实施例分以下几种场景：
场景1：仅第一类型ONU时，只指示第二通道发送上行授权信息；
场景2：第一类型ONU和第二类型ONU共存时，由DBA计算模块统一协调上行时隙分配，分别指示第一通道和第二通道发送上行授权信息；
场景3：仅第二类型ONU时，仅指示其中任一通道发送上行授权信息，并提前告知ONU是哪个通道，或固定指示由第一通道或第二通道发送信息。
可以看出，本申请实施例在兼顾现有已部署的光网络单元的情况下，发送至第二类型光网络单元的以太网报文保持现有规则不变，OLT根据以太网报文携带光网络单元标识，将确定接收以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元的以太网报文通过确定的通道发送至第一类型的光网络单元，实现通过提升OLT发送的波特率来提升整个线路传输速率同时兼顾已部署的ONU。
如图8所示，本申请实施例还公开了一种光网络单元，该网络单元不同于现有标准协议ITU-T G987.3定义的光网络单元之处在于，还包括解调模块801和通道聚合模块，其中解调模块通过第三通道和第四通道与通道聚合模块连接，解调模块接收经过光/电转换后的信号并解调，输出两路信号，一路输出的是OLT第一通道的比特流(即低比特位的比特流)，另一路输出的是OLT第二通道的比特流(即高比特位的比特流)，其中一路信号发送至第三通道，另一路信号发送至第四通道。
跟前述OLT的第一通道和第二通道类似，本实施例中ONU的第三通道和第四通道也可以为XGMAC通道，其中第三通道为基本的XGMAC通道，第四通道为是扩展的XGMAC通道，两个通道的工作方法一致，符合现有标准协议ITU-T G987.3定义的XG-PON系统。结构上第三通道和第四通道主要包括下行XGTC同步模块，解扰模块，FEC解码模块，下行XGTC解帧模块，下行X封装模式解帧模块等等，这些模块的工作原理请参照现有标准协议ITU-G987.3，在此不再赘述。
对于本申请实施例的第一类型光网络单元来说，从OLT发送过来的信号经过光/电转换后，由解调模块701进行解调判决，输出两路信号，然后分两路输出，当然也可以采用软判决算法。解调模块701的解调判决的规则正好是OLT内部调制模块的逆操作，一路输出的是OLT第一通道的比特流(即低比特位比特流)，另一路输出的是OLT第二通道的比特流(即高比特位比特流)。第三接收通道和第四接收通道均接收数据。当然，光模块接收的数据可以不发送给第三通道，只发送给第四通道，后续再经过下行XGTC同步模块、解扰模块、FEC解码模块、下行XGTC解帧模块、下行XGEM解帧模块作相应处理，XGEM模块根据帧中的XGEM端口号过滤不是发送给自己的报文，最后恢复出以太网报文流，此接收方案只支持上述的OLT端的通道独立分发方案。
对于以上接收方案，第一类型光网络单元ONU中两个通道最后通过通道聚合模块后恢复出以太网报文流，其聚合的算法要和OLT的通道分发算法相对应。如果OLT采用的是通道独立分发和按业务流分发，那么两个通道的以太网报文流都是按序发送和接收的，通道聚合只需按普通的按优先级队列调度，即可按序恢复以太网报文流。如果OLT采用的是两通道按以太网报文负载均衡分发方案，因为发送时有可能导致以太网报文乱序，在接收端需要按序恢复以太网报文流，这可以在每个以太网报文上增加一个序号，在第一类型ONU中的通道聚合模块要用这个序号来按序恢复以太网报文流。
对于第二类型光网络单元来说，保持现有接收方案不变，对OLT下发的信号，仍采用NRZ判决方式，判决电平也不变。NRZ判决把四电平当作两电平来判决，高两电平判决为1，低两电平判决为0，恢复出由OLT发送的比特流，后续再经过下行XGTC同步模块、解扰模块、FEC解码模块、下行XGTC 解帧模块、下行XGEM解帧模块作相应处理，下行XGEM解帧模块根据XGEM帧中的XGEM端口号过滤不是发送给自己的报文，最后恢复出以太网报文。
如图9所示，第一类型ONU的下行两个通道都可通过上行授权信息解析模块来提取OLT对第一类型ONU的上行带宽授权信息，或固定由第三通道或第四通道承载上行带宽授权信息，然后根据被分配的时隙指示上行通道中的XGEM成帧模块发送对应时长的数据，经过上行XGTC成帧模块、扰码模块、加定界模块，之后通过电/光转换模块发送给OLT，前述模块的工作原理可以参照现有标准协议ITU-G987.3，在此不再赘述。
以上仅仅是以两通道举例说明，实际中可以按照需要选择多个通道，比如40GPON系统总可以选择三个第一通道和一个第二通道组合实现40Gbps的速率传输。
可以看出，通过以上方案，第一种类型的ONU可以接收OLT下发的传输速率提升的报文数据，不影响第二种类型的ONU正常地接收OLT下发的报文数据，实现通过提升OLT发送的波特率来提升整个线路传输速率同时兼顾已部署的ONU。
图10所示为本申请一实施例提供的计算机设备1000的示意图。计算机设备1000包括至少一个处理器1001，通信总线1002，存储器1003以及至少一个通信接口1004。处理器1001可以是通用中央处理器(CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(Application-Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信总线1002可包括一通路，在上述组件之间传送信息。通信接口904，使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)，无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Networks，WLAN)等。
存储器1003可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM) 或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器1003可以是独立存在，通过总线与处理器1001相连接。存储器1003也可以和处理器1001集成在一起。
其中，存储器1003用于存储执行本申请方案的应用程序代码，并由处理器1001来控制执行。处理器1001用于执行存储器1003中存储的应用程序代码。存储器1003中可以存储一个或多个软件模块，可以通过处理器1001以及存储器1003中的程序代码来实现存储的软件模块，实现OLT传输比特速率提升。具体来讲，可以通过处理器1001调用存储器1003中存储的程序代码，实现接收以太网报文，该以太网报文携带光网络单元标识，然后根据该光网络单元标识，查找光网络单元标识与光网络单元的类型的对应关系，确定接收该以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元。再者，根据该第一类型的光网络单元，查找光网络单元的类型与通道的对应关系，确定该第一类型光网络单元对应的通道，最后将该以太网报文封装成GEM帧并通过确定的通道发送给第一类型光网络单元。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器1001可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图10中的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，计算机设备1000可以包括多个处理器1001，例如图10中的第一处理器10011和第二处理器10012，其中，第一处理器10011和第二处理器10012之所以命名不同以及附图标记不同，只是为了区分多个处理器1001。这些处理器1001中的每一个可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器1001，也可以是一个多核(multi-CPU)处理器1001。这里的处理器1001可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
上述的计算机设备1000可以是OLT内部一个硬件模块，也可以是一个通用计算机设备或者是一个专用计算机设备。本申请实施例不限定计算机设备1000的类型。
可以看出，本申请实施例在兼顾现有已部署的光网络单元的情况下，发送至第二类型光网络单元的以太网报文保持现有规则不变，光线路终端根据以太网报文携带光网络单元标识，将确定接收以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元的以太网报文通过确定的通道发送至第一类型的光网络单元，实现通过提升光线路终端发送的波特率来提升整个线路传输速率同时兼顾已部署的光网络单元。
以上仅仅是以XG-PON举例说明，本申请实施例提出的无源光网络系统，也可以是40GPON，也可以是100GPON等等，不做任何限制。本申请除了适用于PON领域，还适用于其他点对点通信系统，对于在点对点通信系统，如以太网通信，通过多通道联合来提高速率，而波长不变，相关PON领域更加简单，因为点对点通信无需同时考虑兼容老的和新的节点。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，也可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到同一电子组件或芯片中，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。
在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元可以采用硬件、软件或软硬件结合的形式实现；软件程序可以存储于可读取存储介质中，该程序运行时执行上述方法中的对应步骤。上述的存储介质可以如：ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于 此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换比如不仅仅是双通道还可以扩展为多个传输通道，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种无源光网络的通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收以太网报文，所述以太网报文携带光网络单元标识；
    根据所述光网络单元标识，查找光网络单元标识与光网络单元的类型的对应关系，确定接收所述以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元，其中，所述光网络单元的类型包括：第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元，所述第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元的报文接收速率不同；
    根据所述第一类型的光网络单元，查找光网络单元的类型与通道的对应关系，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道；
    将所述以太网报文封装成通用封装方法GEM帧并通过所述确定的通道发送给所述第一类型光网络单元。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一类型的光网络单元，查找光网络单元的类型与通道的对应关系，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道具体包括:
    根据所述第一类型的光网络单元，查找第一对应关系表，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道，所述第一对应关系表为第一类型的光网络单元与所述第一通道的对应关系。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一类型的光网络单元，查找光网络单元的类型与通道的对应关系，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道具体包括：
    根据所述第一类型的光网络单元以及所述以太网报文所承载的业务流类型，查找第二对应关系表，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道为：第一通道或者第二通道，所述第二对应关系表包括光网络单元类型、业务流类型与通道的对应关系。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一类型的光网络单元，查找光网络单元的类型与通道的对应关系，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道具体包括：
    根据所述第一类型的光网络单元以及通道的空闲状态，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道为：第一通道或者第二通道。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一通道空闲，则确定所述第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道；所述第二通道空闲，则确定所述第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第二通道；所述第一通道和第二通道均空闲，则确定所述第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述将所述以太网报文封装成通用封装方法GEM帧包括：
    将所述第一通道输出的比特映射为输出电平的低比特位，将所述第二通道输出的比特映射为输出电平的高比特位。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述光网络单元标识包括ONU-ID、MAC地址、逻辑链路标识、序列号中的至少一种。
  8. 一种光线路终端，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收以太网报文，所述以太网报文携带光网络单元标识；
    第一处理单元，用于根据所述光网络单元标识，查找光网络单元标识与光网络单元的类型的对应关系，确定接收所述以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元，其中，所述光网络单元的类型包括：第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元，所述第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元的报文接收速率不同；
    第二处理单元，用于根据所述第一类型的光网络单元，查找光网络单元的类型与通道的对应关系，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道；
    封装单元，用于将所述以太网报文封装成通用封装方法GEM帧并通过所述确定的通道发送给所述第一类型光网络单元。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的光线路终端，其特征在于，所述第二处理单元根据所述第一类型的光网络单元，查找第一对应关系表，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道，所述第一对应关系表为第一类型的光网络单元与所述第一通道的对应关系。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的光线路终端，其特征在于，所述第二处理单元 根据所述第一类型的光网络单元以及所述以太网报文所承载的业务流类型，查找第二对应关系表，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道，所述第二对应关系表包括光网络单元类型、业务流类型与通道的对应关系。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的光线路终端，其特征在于，所述第二处理单元根据所述第一类型的光网络单元以及通道的空闲状态，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通道包括：第一通道或者第二通道。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的光线路终端，其特征在于，所述第二处理单元确定所述第一通道空闲，则确定所述第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道；确定所述第二通道空闲，则确定所述第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第二通道；确定所述第一通道和第二通道均空闲，则确定所述第一类型的光网络单元对应的通道为第一通道。
  13. 根据权利要求8-12任一项所述的光线路终端，其特征在于，所述封装单元用于将所述第一通道输出的比特映射为输出电平的低比特位，将所述第二通道输出的比特映射为输出电平的高比特位。
  14. 根据权利要求8-12任一项所述的光线路终端，其特征在于，所述光网络单元标识包括ONU-ID、MAC地址、逻辑链路标识、序列号中的至少一种。
  15. 一种无源光网络系统，其特征在于，包括8-14任一项所述的光线路终端以及光网络单元。
  16. 一种计算机设备，其特征在于，包括处理器、存储器和总线系统，所述处理器和所述存储器通过该总线系统相连，所述存储器用于存储指令，所述处理器用于执行所述存储器存储的指令，其中，所述处理器用于：接收以太网报文，所述以太网报文携带光网络单元标识；根据所述光网络单元标识，查找光网络单元标识与光网络单元的类型的对应关系，确定接收所述以太网报文的光网络单元为第一类型的光网络单元，其中，所述光网络单元的类型包括：第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元，所述第一类型光网络单元和第二类型光网络单元的报文接收速率不同；根据所述第一类型的光网络单元，查找光网络单元的类型与通道的对应关系，确定所述第一类型光网络单元对应的通 道；将所述以太网报文封装成通用封装方法GEM帧并通过所述确定的通道发送给所述第一类型光网络单元。
PCT/CN2016/106270 2016-11-17 2016-11-17 无源光网络的通信方法、装置和系统 Ceased WO2018090296A1 (zh)

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