WO2018078924A1 - 酢酸の製造方法 - Google Patents
酢酸の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018078924A1 WO2018078924A1 PCT/JP2017/019572 JP2017019572W WO2018078924A1 WO 2018078924 A1 WO2018078924 A1 WO 2018078924A1 JP 2017019572 W JP2017019572 W JP 2017019572W WO 2018078924 A1 WO2018078924 A1 WO 2018078924A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/10—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide
- C07C51/12—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide on an oxygen-containing group in organic compounds, e.g. alcohols
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/08—Halides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/1616—Coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes, immobilised on an inorganic support, e.g. ship-in-a-bottle type catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/42—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C51/43—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
- C07C51/44—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C53/00—Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or hydrogen
- C07C53/08—Acetic acid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing acetic acid.
- This application claims the priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-211922 filed in Japan on October 28, 2016, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-039388 filed in Japan on March 2, 2017. This is incorporated here.
- Methanol carbonylation process is known as an industrial method for producing acetic acid.
- a reaction vessel methanol and carbon monoxide are reacted in the presence of a catalyst to produce acetic acid, and the resulting reaction mixture is evaporated in a vapor phase containing acetic acid and a low boiling component. Separating the residual liquid phase containing acetic acid and catalyst, recycling the residual liquid phase to a reaction vessel, distilling the vapor phase to separate low boiling components and crude acetic acid, and further purifying the crude acetic acid. To obtain the product acetic acid.
- This methanol carbonylation process has a great advantage that acetic acid can be efficiently produced from an inexpensive raw material, but has a problem that the catalyst tends to settle.
- prevention of settling of the catalyst is an important issue from the viewpoint of ensuring productivity by maintaining the catalyst concentration in the reaction tank and ensuring stable operation by preventing fluctuations in the catalyst concentration in the reaction tank.
- the most important issues are to prevent the catalyst from being settled in the evaporation tank where the catalyst is most likely to settle, and to improve the catalyst recycling rate from the evaporation tank can to the reaction tank.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a carbonylation product solution is transferred to a separation zone maintained at a lower pressure than the reaction zone, a part of the carbonylation product is flash-separated, and a carbonylation product solution that has not been flushed is removed.
- a method is disclosed in which the precipitation of the catalyst in the evaporation step is prevented by introducing a carbon monoxide-containing gas stream into the separation zone.
- the object of the present invention is to suppress sedimentation and accumulation of the catalyst in the evaporation tank, and to efficiently recycle the catalyst in the reaction tank, thereby contributing to maintenance and improvement of acetic acid productivity and ensuring stable operation.
- the object is to provide a method for producing acetic acid.
- the present inventor can efficiently recycle the catalyst into the reaction tank by providing a specific catalyst sedimentation and accumulation prevention structure in the evaporation tank, and reduce the catalyst concentration in the reaction tank.
- the present invention was completed by finding that it can be suppressed, and therefore can contribute to maintaining and improving the productivity of acetic acid and ensuring stable operation.
- the present invention relates to a catalyst system comprising a metal catalyst and methyl iodide, and a carbonylation reaction step in which acetic acid is produced by reacting methanol and carbon monoxide in a reaction vessel in the presence of acetic acid, methyl acetate and water.
- An evaporation step of separating the reaction mixture obtained in the carbonylation reaction step into a vapor stream and a residual stream in an evaporation tank When, An evaporation step of separating the reaction mixture obtained in the carbonylation reaction step into a vapor stream and a residual stream in an evaporation tank; A residual liquid stream recycling step for returning the residual liquid stream to the reaction vessel; A distillation step of subjecting the vapor stream to distillation to purify acetic acid; A method for producing acetic acid comprising:
- the evaporation tank has a barrel portion to which a reaction mixture supply line is connected, a top portion to which a steam flow discharge line is connected, and a bottom portion to which a residual liquid flow recycling line is connected, and the barrel portion has a large diameter.
- the catalyst system may further contain ionic iodide.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the inner wall surface of the inverted frustoconical cylindrical connecting portion of the evaporation tank is preferably 10 ° to 80 °.
- the inclination angle ⁇ is more preferably 20 ° to 75 °, and particularly preferably 30 ° to 75 °.
- a carbon monoxide-containing gas introduction line is further connected to the bottom of the evaporation tank and / or the residual liquid flow recycling line. In this case, it is preferable to introduce 0.02 NL / kg or more of carbon monoxide-containing gas from the carbon monoxide-containing gas introduction line with respect to the residual liquid flow discharge amount.
- the distillation step includes a de-low boiling step of distilling the vapor stream into an overhead stream rich in at least one low boiling component selected from methyl iodide and acetaldehyde and an acetic acid stream rich in acetic acid. Is preferred.
- an acetaldehyde separation and removal step for separating at least acetaldehyde from the overhead stream may be included.
- a scrubber step is further performed in which off-gas from the process is absorbed with an absorption solvent containing at least acetic acid and / or methanol to separate a stream rich in carbon monoxide and a stream rich in acetic acid ( It is preferable to have a scrubbing step.
- the evaporating tank has a specific range of the inclination angle of the inner wall surface of the inverted frustoconical cylindrical connecting part that connects the large-diameter upper cylindrical part and the small-diameter lower cylindrical part in the evaporating tank body. Since it has a structure and / or a structure designed so that the linear velocity of the residual liquid flow passing through the gap between the vortex breaker disposed in the evaporation tank and the bottom of the evaporation tank exceeds a specific value, Sedimentation and accumulation in the evaporation tank can be remarkably suppressed, and the catalyst can be efficiently recycled to the reaction tank. Therefore, the catalyst concentration in the reaction tank is kept constant, which can greatly contribute to maintaining and improving acetic acid productivity and ensuring stable operation.
- FIG. 1 is an acetic acid production flowchart showing one embodiment of the present invention.
- the acetic acid production apparatus includes a reaction tank 1, an evaporation tank 2, a distillation tower 3, a decanter 4, a distillation tower 5, a distillation tower 6, an ion exchange resin tower 7, and a scrubber system 8. And acetaldehyde separation and removal system 9, condensers 1a, 2a, 3a, 5a and 6a, heat exchanger 2b, reboilers 3b, 5b and 6b, lines 11 to 56, and pump 57, and acetic acid is continuously added. It is configured to be manufacturable.
- a reaction process in the reaction tank 1, the evaporation tank 2, the distillation tower 3, the distillation tower 5, the distillation tower 6, and the ion exchange resin tower 7, respectively, a reaction process, an evaporation process (flash process), A 1st distillation process, a 2nd distillation process, a 3rd distillation process, and an adsorption removal process are performed.
- the first distillation step is also called a delow boiling step
- the second distillation step is also called a dehydration step
- the third distillation step is also called a dehigh boiling step.
- the first distillation step, the second distillation step, and the third distillation step are included in the “distillation step for purifying acetic acid” in the present invention.
- the process is not limited to the above, and in particular, the equipment of the distillation tower 6, the ion exchange resin tower 7, and the acetaldehyde separation / removal system 9 (deacetaldehyde tower, etc.) may not be incidental.
- the reaction tank 1 is a unit for performing a reaction process.
- This reaction step is a step for continuously generating acetic acid by a reaction (methanol carbonylation reaction) represented by the following chemical formula (1).
- a reaction mixture that is stirred by, for example, a stirrer exists in the reaction tank 1.
- the reaction mixture contains methanol and carbon monoxide as raw materials, a metal catalyst, a cocatalyst, water, acetic acid for production, and various by-products, and the liquid phase and gas phase are in an equilibrium state. It is in. CH 3 OH + CO ⁇ CH 3 COOH (1)
- the raw materials in the reaction mixture are liquid methanol and gaseous carbon monoxide.
- Methanol is continuously supplied from the methanol reservoir (not shown) to the reaction tank 1 via the line 11 at a predetermined flow rate.
- Carbon monoxide is continuously supplied from the carbon monoxide reservoir (not shown) to the reaction tank 1 via the line 12 at a predetermined flow rate.
- Carbon monoxide does not necessarily have to be pure carbon monoxide. For example, it contains a small amount of other gases such as nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and oxygen (for example, 5% by mass or less, preferably 1% by mass or less). Also good.
- the metal catalyst in the reaction mixture is for accelerating the carbonylation reaction of methanol.
- a rhodium catalyst or an iridium catalyst can be used.
- a rhodium catalyst for example, a rhodium complex represented by the chemical formula [Rh (CO) 2 I 2 ] ⁇ can be used.
- a iridium catalyst for example, an iridium complex represented by the chemical formula [Ir (CO) 2 I 2 ] ⁇ can be used.
- a metal complex catalyst is preferable as the metal catalyst.
- the concentration of the catalyst in the reaction mixture (in metal conversion) is, for example, 200 to 5000 ppm by mass, preferably 400 to 2000 ppm by mass with respect to the entire liquid phase of the reaction mixture.
- the cocatalyst is an iodide for assisting the action of the above-described catalyst, and for example, methyl iodide or ionic iodide is used.
- Methyl iodide can exhibit an action of promoting the catalytic action of the above-described catalyst.
- the concentration of methyl iodide is, for example, 1 to 20% by mass with respect to the entire liquid phase of the reaction mixture.
- the ionic iodide is an iodide (in particular, an ionic metal iodide) that generates iodide ions in the reaction solution, and can exhibit an effect of stabilizing the above-described catalyst and an effect of suppressing side reactions.
- ionic iodide examples include alkali metal iodides such as lithium iodide, sodium iodide, and potassium iodide.
- concentration of ionic iodide in the reaction mixture is, for example, 1 to 25% by mass, preferably 5 to 20% by mass, based on the entire liquid phase of the reaction mixture.
- a ruthenium compound or an osmium compound can also be used as a promoter.
- the total amount of these compounds used is, for example, 0.1 to 30 mol (metal conversion), preferably 0.5 to 15 mol (metal conversion) with respect to 1 mol of iridium (metal conversion).
- Water in the reaction mixture is a component necessary for generating acetic acid in the reaction mechanism of the carbonylation reaction of methanol, and is also a component necessary for solubilization of water-soluble components in the reaction system.
- the concentration of water in the reaction mixture is, for example, 0.1 to 15% by mass, preferably 0.8 to 10% by mass, based on the entire liquid phase of the reaction mixture.
- the water concentration is preferably 15% by mass or less in order to suppress the energy required for water removal during the purification process of acetic acid and promote the efficiency of acetic acid production.
- a predetermined flow rate of water may be continuously supplied to the reaction tank 1.
- Acetic acid in the reaction mixture includes acetic acid previously charged in the reaction tank 1 before the operation of the acetic acid production apparatus, and acetic acid generated as a main product of methanol carbonylation reaction. Such acetic acid can function as a solvent in the reaction system.
- the concentration of acetic acid in the reaction mixture is, for example, 50 to 90% by mass, preferably 60 to 80% by mass, based on the entire liquid phase of the reaction mixture.
- Examples of main by-products contained in the reaction mixture include methyl acetate. This methyl acetate can be generated by the reaction of acetic acid and methanol.
- the concentration of methyl acetate in the reaction mixture is, for example, 0.1 to 30% by mass, preferably 1 to 10% by mass, with respect to the entire liquid phase of the reaction mixture.
- Examples of by-products contained in the reaction mixture include hydrogen iodide. This hydrogen iodide is inevitably generated due to the reaction mechanism of the carbonylation reaction of methanol when the above-described catalyst or promoter is used.
- the concentration of hydrogen iodide in the reaction mixture is, for example, 0.01 to 2% by mass with respect to the entire liquid phase of the reaction mixture.
- Examples of by-products include hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, acetaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, 2-ethylcrotonaldehyde, dimethyl ether, formic acid, propionic acid, and alkyl iodides such as hexyl iodide and decyl iodide. Is mentioned.
- the reaction temperature is set to 150 to 250 ° C., for example, and the reaction pressure as the total pressure is set to 2.0 to 3.5 MPa (absolute pressure), for example.
- the carbon monoxide partial pressure is set to, for example, 0.4 to 1.8 MPa (absolute pressure), preferably 0.6 to 1.5 MPa (absolute pressure).
- carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether can be used as the vapor in the gas phase in the reaction tank 1 when the apparatus is in operation.
- Methanol, acetaldehyde, formic acid and propionic acid can be used as the vapor in the gas phase in the reaction tank 1 when the apparatus is in operation.
- This steam can be extracted from the reaction vessel 1 through the line 13. It is possible to control the pressure in the reaction tank 1 by adjusting the amount of steam extracted. For example, the pressure in the reaction tank 1 is maintained constant.
- the steam extracted from the reaction tank 1 is introduced into the condenser 1a.
- the condenser 1a divides the vapor from the reaction tank 1 into a condensed component and a gas component by cooling and partially condensing.
- the condensate includes, for example, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde, formic acid, propionic acid, and the like, and is introduced from the condenser 1a to the reaction vessel 1 through the line 14. Recycled.
- the gas component includes, for example, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde, formic acid, and the like. It is supplied to the scrubber system 8 via a line 15.
- useful components for example, methyl iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, etc.
- a wet method is used for the separation and recovery, which is performed using an absorption liquid for collecting useful components in the gas component.
- an absorbing solvent containing at least acetic acid and / or methanol is preferable.
- the absorbing solution may contain methyl acetate.
- a condensate of vapor from the later-described distillation column 6 can be used as the absorbing liquid.
- a pressure fluctuation adsorption method may be used.
- Separated and recovered useful components are introduced into the reaction tank 1 from the scrubber system 8 via the recycle line 48 and recycled.
- the gas after collecting useful components is discarded through line 49.
- the gas discharged from the line 49 can be used as a CO source to be introduced into the bottom 205 of the evaporation tank 2 described later or the residual liquid flow recycling lines 18 and 19.
- the processing in the scrubber system 8 and the subsequent recycling and disposal to the reaction tank 1 are the same for the gas components described later supplied to the scrubber system 8 from other capacitors.
- acetic acid is continuously produced in the reaction tank 1 when the apparatus is in operation.
- a reaction mixture containing such acetic acid is continuously withdrawn from the reaction tank 1 at a predetermined flow rate and introduced into the next evaporation tank 2 through a line 16.
- the evaporation tank 2 is a unit for performing an evaporation process (flash process).
- a vapor stream (volatile phase) and a residual liquid stream (low volatility) are obtained by partially evaporating the reaction mixture continuously introduced into the evaporation tank 2 via the line 16 (reaction mixture supply line).
- Phase Evaporation may be caused by reducing the pressure without heating the reaction mixture, or evaporation may be caused by reducing the pressure while heating the reaction mixture.
- the temperature of the vapor stream is, for example, 100 to 260 ° C., preferably 120 to 200 ° C.
- the temperature of the residual liquid stream is, for example, 80 to 200 ° C., preferably 100 to 180 ° C.
- the pressure in the tank is, for example, 50 to 1000 kPa (absolute pressure).
- the ratio of the vapor flow and the residual liquid flow separated in the evaporation step is, for example, 10/90 to 50/50 (vapor flow / residual liquid flow) in mass ratio.
- the steam generated in this step includes, for example, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde, formic acid, propionic acid, and the like, and the line 17 (steam flow discharge line) from the inside of the evaporation tank 2. ) Continuously extracted. A part of the steam flow withdrawn from the evaporation tank 2 is continuously introduced into the condenser 2a, and the other part of the steam stream is continuously introduced into the next distillation column 3 via the line 21.
- the acetic acid concentration in the vapor stream is, for example, 50 to 85% by mass, preferably 55 to 75% by mass.
- the residual liquid stream generated in this step is composed of the catalyst and cocatalyst (methyl iodide, lithium iodide, etc.) contained in the reaction mixture, water remaining without volatilization in this step, methyl acetate, acetic acid, formic acid and Propionic acid and the like are continuously introduced from the evaporation tank 2 to the heat exchanger 2b through the line 18 using the pump 57.
- the heat exchanger 2b cools the residual liquid stream from the evaporation tank 2.
- the cooled residual liquid stream is continuously introduced from the heat exchanger 2b into the reaction tank 1 via the line 19 and recycled.
- the line 18 and the line 19 are collectively referred to as a residual liquid recycle line.
- the concentration of acetic acid in the residual stream is, for example, 55 to 90% by mass, preferably 60 to 85% by mass.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an evaporation tank showing an embodiment of the present invention.
- the evaporation tank 2 has a trunk portion to which the reaction mixture supply line 16 is connected, a top portion 201 to which the vapor flow discharge line 17 is connected, and a bottom portion 205 to which the residual liquid flow recycling line 18 is connected.
- the trunk portion includes an upper cylindrical portion 202 having a large diameter, a lower cylindrical portion 204 having a small diameter, and an inverted frustoconical connecting portion 203 that connects the upper cylindrical portion 202 and the lower cylindrical portion 204. .
- the reaction mixture from the reaction tank 1 is introduced into the evaporation tank 2 from the reaction mixture supply line 16, and a part of the reaction mixture is evaporated to become a vapor and is discharged from the vapor flow discharge line 17.
- the component of the reaction mixture that has not evaporated is stored in the lower cylindrical portion 204, and is sent to the reaction vessel 1 through the residual liquid recycle lines 18 and 19 connected to the bottom portion 205 as an evaporating liquid from the evaporation tank (residual liquid flow). Returned.
- the upper cylindrical portion 202 functions as a space filled with steam, and the lower cylindrical portion 204 functions as a storage portion for residual liquid that has not volatilized. Therefore, the upper cylindrical portion 202 is designed to have a large diameter and the lower cylindrical portion 204 is designed to have a small diameter.
- a carbon monoxide-containing gas introduction line 54 for introducing a carbon monoxide-containing gas to the bottom 205 of the evaporation tank 2 and / or the residual liquid flow recycling line (line 18 and / or line 19).
- the content of carbon monoxide in the carbon monoxide-containing gas to be introduced is, for example, 10% by mass or more, preferably 20% by mass or more, more preferably 40% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 60% by mass or more.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view (viewed from above) of a vortex breaker installed in an evaporation tank showing an embodiment of the present invention.
- the vortex breaker x includes a plate-like vortex breaker body 206 and a leg 207 for horizontally supporting the vortex breaker body 206. It is preferable that there are a plurality of legs 207 for stability.
- the leg portion 207 can be fixed to the inner bottom surface of the bottom portion 205 of the evaporation tank 2.
- the plate-like vortex breaker main body 206 is preferably disposed so as to cover a portion directly above the connecting portion with the residual liquid flow recycling line 18 at the bottom 205 of the evaporation tank 2.
- the plate-like vortex breaker main body 206 may be a flat plate or a plate having a curved surface that is convex downward or upward.
- the evaporation tank 2 has at least 1 catalyst sedimentation and accumulation
- a vortex breaker x consisting of legs 207 that horizontally support the vortex breaker main body 206 is arranged so that the vortex breaker main body 206 directly covers the connection portion of the evaporation tank bottom 205 with the residual liquid flow recycling line 18.
- a structure in which the linear velocity r of the residual liquid flow passing through the gap c between the peripheral end portion of the vortex breaker body portion 206 and the inner bottom surface of the evaporation tank bottom portion 205 is designed to be greater than 10 m / h.
- the evaporation tank 2 has the structure (a), even if the catalyst settled in the evaporation tank 2 is stacked on the inner wall surface of the inverted frustoconical cylindrical connecting portion 203, the inner wall surface of the connecting portion 203 Since the inclination angle is a certain value or more, such a catalyst reaches the bottom 205 of the evaporation tank 2 along with the liquid that does not volatilize and falls downward in the reaction mixture introduced from the line 16, and reaches there. To the reaction tank 1 through the remaining liquid flow recycling lines 18 and 19.
- the settled catalyst particles do not stay in the evaporation tank 2 but are recycled to the reaction tank 1, they are re-dissolved in the reaction tank 1 having a high carbon monoxide partial pressure, resulting in a decrease in the catalyst concentration in the reaction tank. Can be suppressed, and the decrease and fluctuation of acetic acid production can be prevented.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the inner wall surface of the inverted frustoconical cylindrical connecting portion 203 may be in the range of 5 ° to 85 °, but the lower limit of the inclination angle ⁇ is preferably 10 °, more preferably 20 °, and further It is preferably 30 °, particularly preferably 35 ° (especially 40 °), and the upper limit of the inclination angle ⁇ is preferably 80 °, more preferably 75 °, and even more preferably 70 °.
- the inclination angle ⁇ is less than 5 °, the settled catalyst tends to be deposited on the inner wall surface of the connecting portion 203, the amount of the catalyst recycled to the reaction tank 1 is reduced, and the catalyst concentration in the reaction tank 1 is reduced.
- the linear velocity r of the remaining liquid flow passing through the gap c between the peripheral end of the vortex breaker body 206 and the inner bottom of the evaporation tank bottom 205 is large. 2, even if the catalyst settles in the vicinity of the bottom 205, the settled catalyst is vigorously entrained in the residual liquid stream and flows into the residual liquid recycling line 18 and is recycled to the reaction tank 1 via the line 19. Since the recycled sedimentation catalyst is redissolved in the reaction tank 1 as described above, the catalyst concentration in the reaction tank 1 can be maintained at a desired value, and a decrease or fluctuation in acetic acid production can be prevented.
- the linear velocity r may be a value larger than 10 m / h, preferably 20 m / h or more, more preferably 30 m / h or more, still more preferably 50 m / h or more, particularly preferably 80 m / h or more (particularly 100 m / h). / H or more).
- the upper limit of r is, for example, 6000 m / h (particularly 4000 m / h).
- the linear velocity r (m / h) is determined by calculating the residual liquid discharge amount (liquid flow rate through the residual liquid flow recycling line 18) (m 3 / h), the peripheral end of the vortex breaker body 206, and the evaporation tank. It is obtained by dividing by the product of the length (distance) (m) of the gap c between the inner bottom surface of the bottom portion 205 and the peripheral length (m) of the vortex breaker body portion 206.
- the linear velocity r can be adjusted by changing the length (distance) of the gap c and the peripheral length of the vortex breaker body 206.
- the total amount introduced is the residual liquid discharge amount (liquid flow rate flowing through the residual liquid recycling line 18).
- the residual liquid discharge amount liquid flow rate flowing through the residual liquid recycling line 18.
- 0.02 NL (normal liter) / kg or more preferably 0.05 NL / kg or more, and more preferably 0.1 NL / kg or more.
- the upper limit of the introduction amount is, for example, 5 NL / kg (preferably 3 NL / kg, more preferably 1 NL / kg). If the amount of carbon monoxide-containing gas introduced is too small, the amount of dissolved CO is reduced and the catalyst tends to become unstable. If the amount of carbon monoxide-containing gas introduced is too large, the pump 57 may cause cavitation and breakage.
- the linear velocity r ′ of the residual liquid stream passing through the residual liquid flow recycling lines 18 and 19 is increased, the catalyst in which the residual liquid stream having a high linear velocity is settled is obtained even if the catalyst is settled. Since it is carried to the reaction tank 1 while being accompanied, it is possible to prevent the settled catalyst from accumulating in the residual liquid recycling lines 18 and 19.
- the linear velocity r ′ is 80% or more (preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95%) of the entire flow path from the bottom of the evaporation tank bottom 205 (starting point of the remaining liquid flow recycling line 18) to the reaction tank 1. In the above, it is preferably larger than 10 m / h.
- the linear velocity r ′ is more preferably 100 m / h or more, further preferably 500 m / h or more, particularly preferably 1000 m / h or more, and most preferably 2000 m / h or more.
- the linear velocity r ′ (m / h) is the residual liquid flow recycle amount (liquid flow rate through the residual liquid flow recycle line) (m 3 / h), and the cross-sectional area (m 2 ) of the residual liquid recycle line. It is calculated by dividing by.
- the sedimentation and accumulation of the catalyst in the evaporation tank 2 can be suppressed to a considerable extent.
- the sedimentation and accumulation of the catalyst in the evaporation tank 2 can be significantly reduced, and the productivity and operational stability of acetic acid in the reaction tank 1 can be greatly improved.
- the condenser 2a divides the vapor flow from the evaporation tank 2 into a condensed component and a gas component by cooling and partially condensing.
- the condensate includes, for example, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde, formic acid, propionic acid, and the like, and is transferred from the condenser 2a to the reaction tank 1 through lines 22 and 23. Introduced and recycled.
- the gas component includes, for example, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde, formic acid, and the like. It is supplied to the scrubber system 8 via lines 20 and 15.
- the acetic acid production reaction in the above reaction step is an exothermic reaction, and part of the heat accumulated in the reaction mixture is transferred to the vapor generated from the reaction mixture in the evaporation step (flash step).
- the condensed matter generated by the cooling of the steam in the condenser 2 a is recycled to the reaction tank 1. That is, in this acetic acid production apparatus, heat generated by the carbonylation reaction of methanol is efficiently removed by the capacitor 2a.
- the distillation column 3 is a unit for performing the first distillation step, and is positioned as a so-called deboiling tower in this embodiment.
- the first distillation step is a step of separating and removing low boiling components by distillation treatment of the steam stream continuously introduced into the distillation column 3. More specifically, in the first distillation step, the vapor stream is distilled and separated into an overhead stream rich in at least one low-boiling component selected from methyl iodide and acetaldehyde and an acetic acid stream rich in acetic acid. .
- the distillation column 3 is composed of, for example, a rectification column such as a plate column and a packed column.
- the theoretical plate is, for example, 5 to 50 plates, and the reflux ratio is, for example, 0.5 to 3000 depending on the number of theoretical plates.
- the column top pressure is set to 80 to 160 kPa (gauge pressure), for example, and the column bottom pressure is set higher than the column top pressure, for example, 85 to 180 kPa (gauge pressure).
- the column top temperature is set to 90 to 130 ° C., for example, lower than the boiling point of acetic acid at the set column top pressure
- the column bottom temperature is set to, for example, the set column bottom pressure. The temperature is higher than the boiling point of acetic acid and is set to 120 to 160 ° C.
- the vapor stream from the evaporation tank 2 is continuously introduced via the line 21, and the vapor as an overhead stream is continuously extracted from the top of the distillation column 3 to the line 24. .
- the bottoms are continuously extracted into the line 25.
- 3b is a reboiler.
- An acetic acid stream (first acetic acid stream; liquid) as a side stream is continuously extracted from the line 27 from a height position between the top and bottom of the distillation column 3.
- the steam withdrawn from the top of the distillation column 3 contains a larger amount of components having a lower boiling point than that of acetic acid (low-boiling components) compared to the bottoms and side stream from the distillation column 3, such as methyl iodide, Including hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde and formic acid. This vapor also contains acetic acid.
- acetic acid low-boiling components
- the condenser 3a divides the vapor from the distillation tower 3 into a condensed component and a gas component by cooling and partially condensing.
- the condensate contains, for example, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde, formic acid, and the like, and is continuously introduced from the capacitor 3a to the decanter 4 via the line 28. .
- the condensed matter introduced into the decanter 4 is separated into an aqueous phase (upper phase) and an organic phase (methyl iodide phase; lower phase).
- the aqueous phase includes water and, for example, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde and formic acid.
- the organic phase includes, for example, methyl iodide and, for example, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde and formic acid.
- a part of the aqueous phase is refluxed to the distillation column 3 via the line 29, and the other part of the aqueous phase is introduced into the reaction tank 1 via the lines 29, 30, and 23 and recycled.
- the A part of the organic phase is introduced into the reaction tank 1 through lines 31 and 23 and recycled.
- the other part of the organic phase and / or the other part of the aqueous phase is introduced into the acetaldehyde separation and removal system 9 via the lines 31, 50 and / or the lines 30, 51.
- acetaldehyde contained in the organic phase and / or the aqueous phase is separated and removed by a known method, for example, distillation, extraction, or a combination thereof.
- the separated acetaldehyde is discharged out of the apparatus via a line 53.
- useful components for example, methyl iodide contained in the organic phase and / or the aqueous phase are recycled to the reaction tank 1 through the lines 52 and 23 and reused.
- the gas generated in the condenser 3a includes, for example, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde and formic acid.
- methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde and formic acid supplied to the scrubber system 8 via the lines 32 and 15 from the capacitor 3a.
- Methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde, formic acid, and the like in the gas component that has reached the scrubber system 8 are absorbed by the absorbent in the scrubber system 8.
- Hydrogen iodide is produced by reaction with methanol or methyl acetate in the absorbing solution. Then, the liquid containing useful components such as methyl iodide is recycled from the scrubber system 8 to the reaction tank 1 through the recycling lines 48 and 23 and reused.
- the bottoms extracted from the bottom of the distillation column 3 contains a larger amount of components having higher boiling points than acetic acid (high-boiling components) as compared to the overhead flow and side flow from the distillation column 3 such as propionic acid.
- the above-mentioned catalyst and cocatalyst accompanied by droplets are included.
- the bottoms include acetic acid, methyl iodide, methyl acetate and water.
- a part of such bottoms is continuously introduced into the evaporation tank 2 via the lines 25 and 26 and recycled, and the other part of the bottoms is returned to the lines 25 and 26. Through 23, it is continuously introduced into the reaction vessel 1 and recycled.
- the first acetic acid stream continuously withdrawn from the distillation column 3 as a side stream is richer in acetic acid than the vapor stream continuously introduced into the distillation column 3. That is, the acetic acid concentration of the first acetic acid stream is higher than the acetic acid concentration of the vapor stream.
- the concentration of acetic acid in the first acetic acid stream is, for example, 90 to 99.9% by mass, preferably 93 to 99% by mass.
- the first acetic acid stream also contains, for example, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde, formic acid and propionic acid in addition to acetic acid.
- the connecting position of the line 27 to the distillation column 3 may be higher than the connecting position of the line 21 to the distillation column 3 in the height direction of the distillation column 3 as shown in the figure. It may be lower than the connection position of the line 21 with respect to, or may be the same as the connection position of the line 21 with respect to the distillation column 3.
- the first acetic acid stream from the distillation column 3 is continuously introduced into the next distillation column 5 via the line 27 at a predetermined flow rate.
- Potassium hydroxide can be supplied or added to the first acetic acid stream flowing through the line 27 via a line 55 (potassium hydroxide introduction line). Potassium hydroxide can be supplied or added as a solution such as an aqueous solution. Hydrogen iodide in the first acetic acid stream can be reduced by supplying or adding potassium hydroxide to the first acetic acid stream. Specifically, hydrogen iodide reacts with potassium hydroxide to produce potassium iodide and water. As a result, corrosion of a device such as a distillation tower caused by hydrogen iodide can be reduced. In addition, potassium hydroxide can be supplied or added to an appropriate place where hydrogen iodide is present in this process. Note that potassium hydroxide added during the process also reacts with acetic acid to produce potassium acetate.
- the distillation column 5 is a unit for performing the second distillation step, and is positioned as a so-called dehydration column in this embodiment.
- the second distillation step is a step for further purifying acetic acid by subjecting the first acetic acid stream continuously introduced into the distillation column 5 to a distillation treatment.
- the distillation column 5 is composed of, for example, a rectification column such as a plate column and a packed column.
- the theoretical plate is, for example, 5 to 50 plates
- the reflux ratio is, for example, 0.2 to 3000 depending on the number of theoretical plates.
- the column top pressure is set to 150 to 250 kPa (gauge pressure), for example, and the column bottom pressure is higher than the column top pressure, for example, 160 to 290 kPa (gauge pressure). Is done.
- the column top temperature is set to, for example, 130 to 160 ° C., which is higher than the boiling point of water at the set column top pressure and lower than the boiling point of acetic acid.
- the bottom temperature is, for example, a temperature equal to or higher than the boiling point of acetic acid at a set tower bottom pressure and is set to 150 to 175 ° C.
- the vapor extracted from the top of the distillation column 5 contains more components having a lower boiling point than that of acetic acid (low-boiling components) compared to the above-mentioned bottoms from the distillation column 5, such as methyl iodide and iodide.
- acetic acid low-boiling components
- iodide methyl iodide
- iodide methyl iodide
- iodide iodide
- Such steam is continuously introduced into the condenser 5a via the line 33.
- the condenser 5a cools and partially condenses the steam from the distillation column 5 to separate it into a condensed component and a gas component.
- the condensate contains, for example, water and acetic acid.
- a part of the condensate is continuously refluxed from the condenser 5a via the line 35 to the distillation column 5.
- the other part of the condensate is continuously introduced from the condenser 5a into the reaction tank 1 via the lines 35, 36 and 23 and recycled.
- the gas generated in the capacitor 5a includes, for example, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde, formic acid, and the like. And supplied to the scrubber system 8 through the lines 37 and 15 from the capacitor 5a.
- Hydrogen iodide in the gas component that has reached the scrubber system 8 is absorbed by the absorption liquid in the scrubber system 8, and methyl iodide is generated by the reaction of hydrogen iodide in the absorption liquid with methanol or methyl acetate, and The liquid containing useful components such as methyl iodide is recycled from the scrubber system 8 to the reaction tank 1 through the recycling lines 48 and 23 and reused.
- the bottoms (or side stream) withdrawn from the bottom of the distillation column 5 contains more components with a higher boiling point than acetic acid (high boiling point components) compared to the overhead stream from the distillation column 5, for example, Propionic acid, potassium acetate (when potassium hydroxide is supplied to the line 27 and the like), and the above-mentioned catalyst and cocatalyst accompanied by droplets are included.
- the bottoms can contain acetic acid as well as hydrogen iodide.
- Such bottoms (or side stream) is continuously introduced into the next distillation column 6 through the line 34 in the form of a second acetic acid stream.
- the second acetic acid stream is richer in acetic acid than the first acetic acid stream continuously introduced into the distillation column 5. That is, the acetic acid concentration in the second acetic acid stream is higher than the acetic acid concentration in the first acetic acid stream.
- the acetic acid concentration of the second acetic acid stream is, for example, 99.1 to 99.99% by mass as long as it is higher than the acetic acid concentration of the first acetic acid stream.
- the second acetic acid stream can also include, for example, propionic acid, hydrogen iodide, etc., in addition to acetic acid, as described above.
- the side stream extraction position from the distillation column 5 is lower than the introduction position of the first acetic acid stream into the distillation column 5 in the height direction of the distillation column 5.
- Potassium hydroxide can be supplied or added to the second acetic acid stream flowing through the line 34 via a line 56 (potassium hydroxide introduction line). Potassium hydroxide can be supplied or added as a solution such as an aqueous solution. Hydrogen iodide in the second acetic acid stream can be reduced by supplying or adding potassium hydroxide to the second acetic acid stream. Specifically, hydrogen iodide reacts with potassium hydroxide to produce potassium iodide and water. As a result, corrosion of a device such as a distillation tower caused by hydrogen iodide can be reduced.
- the distillation column 6 is a unit for performing the third distillation step, and is positioned as a so-called dehigh boiling tower in this embodiment.
- the third distillation step is a step for further purifying acetic acid by purifying the second acetic acid stream continuously introduced into the distillation column 6.
- the distillation column 6 is composed of a rectification column such as a plate column and a packed column, for example.
- a plate column is employed as the distillation column 6, the theoretical plate has, for example, 5 to 50 plates, and the reflux ratio is, for example, 0.2 to 3000 depending on the number of theoretical plates.
- the column top pressure is set to, for example, ⁇ 100 to 150 kPa (gauge pressure), and the column bottom pressure is higher than the column top pressure, for example, ⁇ 90 to 180 kPa (gauge pressure).
- the column top temperature is set to 50 to 150 ° C., for example, higher than the boiling point of water and lower than the boiling point of acetic acid at the set column top pressure.
- the bottom temperature is, for example, a temperature higher than the boiling point of acetic acid at the set tower bottom pressure and is set to 70 to 160 ° C.
- connection position of the line 46 to the distillation column 6 may be higher than the connection position of the line 34 to the distillation column 6, as shown in the figure. The position may be lower than the connection position of 34, or may be the same as the connection position of the line 34 to the distillation column 6.
- the vapor extracted from the top of the distillation column 6 contains a larger amount of components having a lower boiling point than that of acetic acid (low-boiling components) compared to the above-mentioned bottoms from the distillation column 6, and in addition to acetic acid, for example, iodination Including methyl, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, dimethyl ether, methanol and formic acid.
- acetic acid for example, iodination Including methyl, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, dimethyl ether, methanol and formic acid.
- Such steam is continuously introduced into the condenser 6a via the line 38.
- the condenser 6a divides the vapor from the distillation column 6 into a condensed component and a gas component by cooling and partially condensing.
- the condensate contains, for example, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, dimethyl ether, methanol and formic acid.
- At least a part of the condensate is continuously refluxed from the condenser 6a via the line 40 to the distillation column 6.
- a part of the condensate (distillate) may be recycled to the first acetic acid stream in the line 27 before being introduced into the distillation column 5 from the condenser 6a via the lines 40, 41 and 42. Is possible.
- a part of the condensate (distillate) is vapor in the line 21 before being introduced into the distillation column 3 from the condenser 6a via the lines 40, 41 and 43. It can be recycled into a stream. Further, a part of the condensate (distillate) may be recycled from the condenser 6a to the reaction tank 1 via the lines 40, 44, and 23. Further, as described above, a part of the distillate from the condenser 6a can be supplied to the scrubber system 8 and used as an absorbing liquid in the system.
- the gas component after absorbing the useful component is discharged out of the apparatus, and the liquid component containing the useful component is introduced or recycled from the scrubber system 8 to the reaction tank 1 through the recycle lines 48 and 23.
- a part of the distillate from the condenser 6a may be led to various pumps (not shown) operating in the apparatus via a line not shown and used as a sealing liquid for the pump.
- a part of the distillate from the condenser 6a may be steadily extracted outside the apparatus via an extraction line attached to the line 40, or may be unsteadyly removed from the apparatus when necessary. It may be extracted.
- the amount of distillate (distillation) is 0.01 to 30 of the condensate produced in the condenser 6a, for example. % By mass, preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 5% by mass, and more preferably 0.5 to 3% by mass.
- the gas generated in the capacitor 6a is, for example, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, methyl iodide, hydrogen iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, methanol, acetaldehyde, formic acid, and the like. And is supplied from the capacitor 6a to the scrubber system 8 via lines 45 and 15.
- the bottoms extracted from the bottom of the distillation column 6 via the line 39 contains a component having a boiling point higher than that of acetic acid (high-boiling component) in comparison with the overhead stream from the distillation column 6, for example, propion. Acid, potassium acetate (when potassium hydroxide is supplied to the line 34 and the like) and the like. Further, the bottoms extracted from the bottom of the distillation column 6 through the line 39 are corrosive metals released from the inner walls of the components of the acetic acid production apparatus, iodine derived from corrosive iodine, and the corrosion. Also includes compounds with metallic metals. Such bottoms are discharged out of the acetic acid production apparatus in this embodiment.
- the side stream continuously extracted from the distillation column 6 to the line 46 is continuously introduced into the next ion exchange resin column 7 as a third acetic acid stream.
- This third acetic acid stream is richer in acetic acid than the second acetic acid stream continuously introduced into the distillation column 6. That is, the acetic acid concentration in the third acetic acid stream is higher than the acetic acid concentration in the second acetic acid stream.
- the acetic acid concentration of the third acetic acid stream is, for example, 99.8 to 99.999% by mass as long as it is higher than the acetic acid concentration of the second acetic acid stream.
- the position for extracting the side stream from the distillation column 6 is higher than the position for introducing the second acetic acid stream into the distillation column 6 in the height direction of the distillation column 6.
- the side stream extraction position from the distillation column 6 is the same as or lower than the introduction position of the second acetic acid stream into the distillation column 6 in the height direction of the distillation column 6.
- the distillation column 6 can be replaced by a single distillation device (evaporator). If the impurities are sufficiently removed by the distillation column 5, the distillation column 6 can be omitted.
- the ion exchange resin tower 7 is a purification unit for performing the adsorption removal step.
- acetic acid is further purified by adsorbing and removing mainly alkyl iodide (hexyl iodide, decyl iodide, etc.) contained in a trace amount in the third acetic acid stream continuously introduced into the ion exchange resin tower 7. It is a process for doing.
- an ion exchange resin having an adsorption ability for alkyl iodide is filled in the tower to form an ion exchange resin bed.
- an ion exchange resin for example, a cation exchange resin in which a part of the detachable protons in the sulfonic acid group, carboxyl group, phosphonic acid group or the like as an exchange group is substituted with a metal such as silver or copper.
- adsorption removal step for example, a third acetic acid stream (liquid) flows through the inside of the ion exchange resin tower 7 filled with such an ion exchange resin, and in the flow process, the alkyl iodide in the third acetic acid stream is passed. And the like are adsorbed on the ion exchange resin and removed from the third acetic acid stream.
- the internal temperature is, for example, 18 to 100 ° C.
- the acetic acid flow rate [acetic acid treatment amount per m 3 of resin volume (m 3 / h)] is, for example, 3 ⁇ 15 m 3 / h ⁇ m 3 (resin volume).
- the fourth acetic acid flow is continuously led out from the lower end of the ion exchange resin tower 7 to the line 47.
- the acetic acid concentration in the fourth acetic acid stream is higher than the acetic acid concentration in the third acetic acid stream. That is, the fourth acetic acid stream is richer in acetic acid than the third acetic acid stream that is continuously introduced into the ion exchange resin tower 7.
- the acetic acid concentration of the fourth acetic acid stream is, for example, 99.9 to 99.999% by mass or more as long as it is higher than the acetic acid concentration of the third acetic acid stream.
- this fourth acetic acid stream can be stored in a product tank (not shown).
- a so-called product tower or finishing tower which is a distillation tower, may be provided as a purification unit for further purifying the fourth acetic acid stream from the ion exchange resin tower 7.
- the product column is composed of a rectifying column such as a plate column and a packed column.
- the theoretical plate has, for example, 5 to 50 plates, and the reflux ratio is, for example, 0.5 to 3000 depending on the number of theoretical plates.
- the column top pressure is set to, for example, -195 to 150 kPa (gauge pressure)
- the column bottom pressure is set to be higher than the column top pressure, for example, -190 to 180 kPa (gauge pressure).
- the inside the product column the column top temperature is set to, for example, 50 to 150 ° C. higher than the boiling point of water and lower than the boiling point of acetic acid at the set column top pressure
- the column bottom temperature is set to, for example, The temperature is higher than the boiling point of acetic acid at the bottom pressure and is set to 70 to 160 ° C.
- the product tower or finishing tower can be replaced by a simple distiller (evaporator).
- all or part of the fourth acetic acid stream (liquid) from the ion exchange resin tower 7 is continuously introduced into the product tower.
- steam as an overhead stream containing trace amounts of low boiling components eg methyl iodide, water, methyl acetate, dimethyl ether, crotonaldehyde, acetaldehyde and formic acid
- This steam is divided into a condensate and a gas by a predetermined condenser. A part of the condensate may be continuously refluxed to the product column and the other part of the condensate may be recycled to the reactor 1 and / or discarded outside the system.
- the gas component is supplied to the scrubber system 8. From the bottom of the product column, bottoms containing a trace amount of high-boiling components are continuously withdrawn, and this bottoms, for example, into the second acetic acid stream in the line 34 before being introduced into the distillation column 6. And recycled.
- a side stream (liquid) is continuously withdrawn as a fifth acetic acid stream from a height position between the tower top and the tower bottom in the product tower. The extraction position of the side stream from the product tower is lower in the height direction of the product tower, for example, than the introduction position of the fourth acetic acid stream into the product tower.
- the fifth acetic acid stream is richer in acetic acid than the fourth acetic acid stream that is continuously introduced into the product column.
- the acetic acid concentration in the fifth acetic acid stream is higher than the acetic acid concentration in the fourth acetic acid stream.
- the acetic acid concentration of the fifth acetic acid stream is, for example, 99.9 to 99.999% by mass or more as long as it is higher than the acetic acid concentration of the fourth acetic acid stream.
- This fifth acetic acid stream is stored, for example, in a product tank (not shown).
- the ion exchange resin tower 7 may be installed downstream of the product tower to treat the acetic acid stream discharged from the product tower.
- Example 1 Experiments were conducted in a bench plant based on the acetic acid production flow of FIG. Methyl iodide, water, methyl acetate, acetic acid, lithium iodide, and rhodium catalyst ([Rh (CO) 2 I 2 ] ⁇ ) were added to the reaction tank 1 at a total pressure of 2.8 MPa (gauge pressure) and 187 ° C. Then, methanol and carbon monoxide [reactor CO partial pressure (absolute pressure) 1.2 MPa] are continuously reacted to prepare a reaction mixture (methyl iodide 7.9% by mass, water 2.6% by mass).
- the composition of the residual liquid (boiler liquid) that did not volatilize in the evaporation tank 2 was 1.1% by mass of methyl iodide, 2.7% by mass of water, 1.1% by mass of methyl acetate, acetic acid (residual), and iodide. They were 18 mass% lithium and 1290 mass ppm rhodium catalyst (Rh conversion).
- the bottoms from the evaporation tank 2 was recycled to the reaction tank 1 via the residual liquid recycling lines 18 and 19 using a catalyst circulation pump 57. Assuming that the charged amount of the reaction mixture into the evaporation tank 2 was 100 parts by mass, the amount of the bottoms in the evaporation tank 2 corresponded to 76 parts by mass.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the inner wall surface of the inverted frustoconical cylindrical connecting portion 203 that connects the upper cylindrical portion 202 and the lower cylindrical portion 204 was set to 0 ° (see FIG. 2).
- the linear velocity r of the residual liquid flow (bottom liquid) passing through the gap c between the peripheral end of the vortex breaker body 206 and the inner bottom of the evaporation tank bottom 205 was 50 m / h.
- the linear velocity r ′ of the residual liquid flow in the residual liquid flow recycling lines 18 and 19 was 2900 m / h. In this way, continuous operation for 100 hours was performed.
- Example 2 In the evaporation tank 2, the same experiment as in Example 1 was performed except that the ⁇ was 45 ° and the linear velocity r was 10 m / h. As a result, the average Rh sedimentation rate at 100 hours was 0.15 g / h. Further, after the experiment for 100 hours, when the inside of the evaporation tank 2 and the bottom liquid line was opened and the inside was examined, no catalyst was adhered on the inner wall surface of the connecting portion 203. Precipitated Rh adhered to the inside of the pipe from the outlet to the catalyst circulation pump 57.
- Example 3 In the evaporation tank 2, the same experiment as in Example 1 was performed except that the ⁇ was 60 ° and the linear velocity r was 10 m / h. As a result, the average Rh sedimentation rate at 100 hours was 0.08 g / h. Further, after the experiment for 100 hours, the inside of the evaporation tank 2 and the bottom liquid line was opened and the inside was examined. As a result, the space between the top of the inner wall of the connecting portion 203 and the bottom of the bottom of the evaporation tank 205 to the catalyst circulation pump 57 was measured. Only a small amount of catalyst adhered to the inside of the pipe.
- Example 4 In the evaporation tank 2, the same experiment as in Example 1 was performed except that the ⁇ was 60 ° and the linear velocity r was 50 m / h. As a result, the average Rh sedimentation rate at 100 hours was 0.04 g / h. Further, after 100 hours of the experiment, when the inside of the evaporation tank 2 and the bottom liquid line was opened and the inside was examined, Rh did not adhere to the inner wall surface of the connecting portion 203, and the bottom of the bottom of the evaporation tank 205 was removed. Only a very small amount of catalyst was adhered to the inside of the pipe between the part and the catalyst circulation pump 57.
- Example 5 In the evaporation tank 2, the same experiment as in Example 1 was performed except that the ⁇ was 60 ° and the linear velocity r was 100 m / h. As a result, the average Rh sedimentation rate at 100 hours was 0.02 g / h. Further, after the experiment for 100 hours, the inside of the evaporation tank 2 and the bottom liquid line was opened and the inside was examined. From the bottom of the evaporation tank bottom 205 to the catalyst circulation pump 57 on the inner wall surface of the connecting portion 203. The catalyst was not attached at all to the inside of the pipe.
- Example 6 In the evaporation tank 2, the same experiment as in Example 1 was performed except that the ⁇ was 60 ° and the linear velocity r was 300 m / h. As a result, the average Rh sedimentation rate at 100 hours was 0.01 g / h. Further, after the experiment for 100 hours, the inside of the evaporation tank 2 and the bottom liquid line was opened and the inside was examined. From the bottom of the evaporation tank bottom 205 to the catalyst circulation pump 57 on the inner wall surface of the connecting portion 203. The catalyst was not attached at all to the inside of the pipe.
- Example 7 In the evaporation tank 2, the same experiment as in Example 1 was performed except that the ⁇ was 60 ° and the linear velocity r was 1000 m / h. As a result, the average Rh sedimentation rate at 100 hours was 0.007 g / h. Further, after the experiment for 100 hours, when the inside of the evaporation tank 2 and the bottom liquid line was opened and the inside was examined, the connection part 203 also had a pipe extending from the bottom part of the bottom part 205 of the evaporation tank to the catalyst circulation pump 57. No catalyst was adhered to the inside.
- Example 8 In the evaporation tank 2, the same experiment as in Example 1 was performed except that the ⁇ was 60 ° and the linear velocity r was 3000 m / h. As a result, the average Rh sedimentation rate at 100 hours was 0.005 g / h. Further, after the experiment for 100 hours, the inside of the evaporation tank 2 and the bottom liquid line was opened and the inside was examined. From the bottom of the evaporation tank bottom 205 to the catalyst circulation pump 57 on the inner wall surface of the connecting portion 203. The catalyst was not attached at all to the inside of the pipe.
- Example 9 In the evaporation tank 2, the ⁇ is set to 60 °, the linear velocity r is set to 300 m / h, and the amount of off-gas 49 charged through the carbon monoxide-containing gas introduction line 54 is discharged from the evaporation tank 2.
- An experiment similar to that of Example 1 was performed except that the amount was 0.02 NL / kg with respect to the amount (the amount of effluent).
- the average Rh sedimentation rate at 100 hours was 0.10 g / h.
- the inside of the evaporation tank 2 and the bottom liquid line was opened and the inside was examined. As a result, the connection between the inner wall surface of the connecting portion 203 and the bottom portion of the evaporation tank bottom 205 to the catalyst circulation pump 57 was performed. A small amount of catalyst was adhered to the inside of the pipe.
- Comparative Example 1 In the evaporation tank 2, the same experiment as in Example 1 was performed except that the ⁇ was 0 ° and the linear velocity r was 10 m / h. As a result, the average Rh sedimentation rate at 100 hours was 0.2 g / h. Further, after the experiment for 100 hours, the inside of the evaporation tank 2 and the bottom liquid line was opened and the inside was examined. As a result, the connection between the inner wall surface of the connecting portion 203 and the bottom portion of the evaporation tank bottom 205 to the catalyst circulation pump 57 was performed. Rh fine particles adhered to the inside of the pipe.
- a catalyst system including a metal catalyst and methyl iodide, and a carbonylation reaction step of reacting methanol and carbon monoxide in a reaction vessel in the presence of acetic acid, methyl acetate and water to produce acetic acid;
- a residual liquid stream recycling step for returning the residual liquid stream to the reaction vessel;
- a method for producing acetic acid comprising:
- the evaporation tank has a barrel portion to which a reaction mixture supply line is connected, a top portion to which a steam flow discharge line is connected, and a bottom portion to which a residual liquid flow recycling line is connected, and the barrel portion has a large diameter.
- the catalyst system further includes ionic iodide [1] A method for producing acetic acid.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the inner wall surface of the inverted frustoconical cylindrical connecting portion of the evaporation tank is 10 ° to 80 ° (preferably 20 ° to 75 °, more preferably 30 ° to The method for producing acetic acid according to [1] or [2], which is 75 °).
- the carbon monoxide-containing gas introduction line is further connected to the bottom of the evaporation tank and / or the residual liquid flow recycling line. A method for producing acetic acid.
- the content of carbon monoxide in the carbon monoxide-containing gas to be introduced is 10% by mass or more (preferably 20% by mass or more, more preferably 40% by mass or more, and further preferably 60% by mass or more).
- the linear velocity r ′ of the residual liquid stream flowing through the residual liquid flow recycling line is 80% or more (preferably 90% or more) of the entire flow path from the bottom of the evaporation tank to the reaction tank.
- the distillation step wherein the distillation step separates the vapor stream into an overhead stream rich in at least one low-boiling component selected from methyl iodide and acetaldehyde and a first acetic acid stream rich in acetic acid.
- the first acetic acid stream is distilled, and a second acetic acid stream enriched in acetic acid than the first acetic acid stream and a component having a boiling point lower than that of acetic acid are converted into the second acetic acid stream.
- the method for producing acetic acid according to [9] further comprising a dehydration step of separating into an overhead stream of steam that is abundant compared to the stream.
- the method for producing acetic acid according to [10] wherein potassium hydroxide is supplied to or added to the second acetic acid stream via a potassium hydroxide introduction line.
- the distillation step includes distilling the second acetic acid stream to produce steam as an overhead stream containing more components having a lower boiling point than acetic acid compared to the bottoms, and a component having a higher boiling point than acetic acid.
- [10] or [11] which includes a deboiling step of separating the bottoms containing a larger amount of the overhead stream compared to the overhead stream and the third acetic acid stream enriched in acetic acid rather than the second acetic acid stream.
- the linear velocity r is the length of the gap between the peripheral end of the vortex breaker body and the inner bottom of the evaporation tank bottom and / or the circumference of the vortex breaker body.
- the ratio of the vapor stream and the residual liquid stream separated in the evaporation step is 10/90 to 50/50 (vapor flow / residual liquid stream) in mass ratio [1] to [18]
- the manufacturing method of acetic acid as described in any one of these.
- [20] The acetic acid according to any one of [1] to [19], wherein the acetic acid concentration in the vapor stream separated in the evaporation step is 50 to 85% by mass (preferably 55 to 75% by mass). Manufacturing method.
- the acetic acid concentration of the residual liquid stream separated in the evaporation step is 55 to 90% by mass (preferably 60 to 85% by mass), according to any one of [1] to [20]
- [22] The method for producing acetic acid according to any one of [1] to [21], comprising (b).
- [23] The method for producing acetic acid according to any one of [1] to [22], comprising both (a) and (b).
- the method for producing acetic acid according to the present invention can be used as an industrial method for producing acetic acid by a methanol carbonylation process (methanol acetic acid process).
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Abstract
Description
前記カルボニル化反応工程で得られた反応混合物を蒸発槽において蒸気流と残液流とに分離する蒸発工程と、
前記残液流を反応槽に戻す残液流リサイクル工程と、
前記蒸気流を蒸留に付して酢酸を精製する蒸留工程と、
を備えた酢酸の製造方法であって、
前記蒸発槽は、反応混合物供給ラインが接続された胴部と、蒸気流排出ラインが接続された頂部と、残液流リサイクルラインが接続された底部とを有し、前記胴部は、径大の上部円筒部、径小の下部円筒部、及び上部円筒部と下部円筒部とを連結する逆円錐台筒状の連結部とを有しており、且つ、下記(a)及び(b)のうち少なくとも1つの触媒沈降、蓄積防止構造を有することを特徴とする酢酸の製造方法を提供する。
(a)蒸発槽の前記逆円錐台筒状連結部の内壁面の傾斜角度θが5°~85°である構造
(b)板状のボルテックスブレーカー本体部と、ボルテックスブレーカー本体部を水平に支持する脚部とを備えたボルテックスブレーカーが、前記ボルテックスブレーカー本体部が蒸発槽底部の残液流リサイクルライン連結部の直上を覆うように配設されており、ボルテックスブレーカー本体部の周端部と蒸発槽底部の内底面との間隙を通過する残液流の線速rが10m/hより大きくなるように設計されている構造
CH3OH + CO → CH3COOH (1)
(a)蒸発槽2の前記逆円錐台筒状連結部203の内壁面の傾斜角度(水平面に対する角度)θが5°~85°である構造
(b)板状のボルテックスブレーカー本体部206と、ボルテックスブレーカー本体部206を水平に支持する脚部207とからなるボルテックスブレーカーxが、前記ボルテックスブレーカー本体部206が蒸発槽底部205の残液流リサイクルライン18との連結部の直上を覆うように配設されており、ボルテックスブレーカー本体部206の周端部と蒸発槽底部205の内底面との間隙cを通過する残液流の線速rが10m/hより大きく設計されている構造
図1の酢酸製造フローに基づくベンチプラントで実験を行った。反応槽1に、全圧2.8MPa(ゲージ圧)、187℃にて、ヨウ化メチル、水、酢酸メチル、酢酸、ヨウ化リチウム、ロジウム触媒([Rh(CO)2I2]-)を仕込んで、メタノールと一酸化炭素[反応槽CO分圧(絶対圧)1.2MPa]とを連続的に反応させて、反応混合液(ヨウ化メチル7.9質量%、水2.6質量%、酢酸メチル2.0質量%、酢酸(残り)、ヨウ化リチウム13.9質量%、ロジウム触媒910質量ppm)を取り出した。得られた反応混合液を、図2に示される蒸発槽2にてフラッシュ[圧力0.15MPa(ゲージ圧)、温度143℃]させ、蒸発槽2の蒸気(揮発性成分)を蒸留塔3に供給して蒸留し、側流27として粗酢酸を得た。なお、粗酢酸以外の成分は反応槽1にリサイクルした。蒸発槽2において揮発しなかった残液(缶出液)の組成は、ヨウ化メチル1.1質量%、水2.7質量%、酢酸メチル1.1質量%、酢酸(残り)、ヨウ化リチウム18質量%、ロジウム触媒1290質量ppm(Rh換算)であった。蒸発槽2の缶出液は、触媒循環ポンプ57を用い、残液流リサイクルライン18,19を介して反応槽1にリサイクルした。反応混合液の蒸発槽2への仕込量を100質量部とすると、蒸発槽2の缶出液の量は76質量部に相当した。その他の24質量部は、全て蒸留塔3に仕込んだ。反応槽1のベントガス15は、スクラバーシステム8(この実験では高圧吸収塔)に導入した。さらに、蒸発槽底部205のボルテックスブレーカー本体部206の下方位置に、一酸化炭素含有ガス導入ライン54を介して、前記スクラバーシステム8(高圧吸収塔)のオフガス49(CO:72質量%、H2:1質量%、CO2:8質量%、CH4:9質量%、N2:10質量%)を、蒸発槽2の残液流排出量(缶出液量)に対して0.2NL/kgで仕込んだ。
その際、蒸発槽2において、上部円筒部202と下部円筒部204とを連結する逆円錐台筒状連結部203の内壁面の傾斜角度θを0°とした(図2参照)。また、ボルテックスブレーカー本体部206の周端部と蒸発槽底部205の内底面との間隙cを通過する残液流(缶出液)の線速rを50m/hとした。なお、残液流リサイクルライン18,19における残液流の線速r′は2900m/hであった。
このようにして100時間の連続運転を行った。その結果、100時間での平均Rh沈降速度は0.15g/hであった。また、100時間の実験後、蒸発槽2及び残液流リサイクルライン(缶出液ライン)を開放して内部を調べたところ、連結部203の内壁面上にRh沈降が見られたものの、蒸発槽底部205の缶出部から触媒循環ポンプ57までの間の配管内部(内壁面)にはごくわずかの触媒しか付着していなかった。
なお、平均Rh沈降速度は下記式により求めた。
平均Rh沈降速度(g/h)={測定開始時における系内溶解Rh総量(g)-100時間後における系内溶解Rh総量(g)+系外からのRh投入総量(g)}/100(h)
蒸発槽2において、前記θを45°とし、前記線速rを10m/hとした以外は、実施例1と同様の実験を行った。その結果、100時間での平均Rh沈降速度は0.15g/hであった。また、100時間の実験後、蒸発槽2及び缶出液ラインを開放して内部を調べたところ、連結部203の内壁面上には触媒は付着していなかったが、蒸発槽底部205の缶出部から触媒循環ポンプ57までの間の配管内部には沈降したRhが付着していた。
蒸発槽2において、前記θを60°とし、前記線速rを10m/hとした以外は、実施例1と同様の実験を行った。その結果、100時間での平均Rh沈降速度は0.08g/hであった。また、100時間の実験後、蒸発槽2及び缶出液ラインを開放して内部を調べたところ、連結部203の内壁面上及び蒸発槽底部205の缶出部から触媒循環ポンプ57までの間の配管内部にはごく僅かの触媒しか付着していなかった。
蒸発槽2において、前記θを60°とし、前記線速rを50m/hとした以外は、実施例1と同様の実験を行った。その結果、100時間での平均Rh沈降速度は0.04g/hであった。また、100時間の実験後、蒸発槽2及び缶出液ラインを開放して内部を調べたところ、連結部203の内壁面上にはRhは付着しておらず、蒸発槽底部205の缶出部から触媒循環ポンプ57までの間の配管内部にはごく僅かの触媒しか付着していなかった。
蒸発槽2において、前記θを60°とし、前記線速rを100m/hとした以外は、実施例1と同様の実験を行った。その結果、100時間での平均Rh沈降速度は0.02g/hであった。また、100時間の実験後、蒸発槽2及び缶出液ラインを開放して内部を調べたところ、連結部203の内壁面上にも、蒸発槽底部205の缶出部から触媒循環ポンプ57までの間の配管内部にも、触媒は全く付着していなかった。
蒸発槽2において、前記θを60°とし、前記線速rを300m/hとした以外は、実施例1と同様の実験を行った。その結果、100時間での平均Rh沈降速度は0.01g/hであった。また、100時間の実験後、蒸発槽2及び缶出液ラインを開放して内部を調べたところ、連結部203の内壁面上にも、蒸発槽底部205の缶出部から触媒循環ポンプ57までの間の配管内部にも、触媒は全く付着していなかった。
蒸発槽2において、前記θを60°とし、前記線速rを1000m/hとした以外は、実施例1と同様の実験を行った。その結果、100時間での平均Rh沈降速度は0.007g/hであった。また、100時間の実験後、蒸発槽2及び缶出液ラインを開放して内部を調べたところ、連結部203にも、蒸発槽底部205の缶出部から触媒循環ポンプ57までの間の配管内部にも、触媒は全く付着していなかった。
蒸発槽2において、前記θを60°とし、前記線速rを3000m/hとした以外は、実施例1と同様の実験を行った。その結果、100時間での平均Rh沈降速度は0.005g/hであった。また、100時間の実験後、蒸発槽2及び缶出液ラインを開放して内部を調べたところ、連結部203の内壁面上にも、蒸発槽底部205の缶出部から触媒循環ポンプ57までの間の配管内部にも、触媒は全く付着していなかった。
蒸発槽2において、前記θを60°とし、前記線速rを300m/hとし、且つ一酸化炭素含有ガス導入ライン54を介して仕込んだオフガス49の仕込量を蒸発槽2の残液流排出量(缶出液量)に対して0.02NL/kgとした以外は、実施例1と同様の実験を行った。その結果、100時間での平均Rh沈降速度は0.10g/hであった。また、100時間の実験後、蒸発槽2及び缶出液ラインを開放して内部を調べたところ、連結部203の内壁面上、及び蒸発槽底部205の缶出部から触媒循環ポンプ57までの間の配管内部に微量の触媒が付着していた。
蒸発槽2において、前記θを0°とし、前記線速rを10m/hとした以外は、実施例1と同様の実験を行った。その結果、100時間での平均Rh沈降速度は0.2g/hであった。また、100時間の実験後、蒸発槽2及び缶出液ラインを開放して内部を調べたところ、連結部203の内壁面上、及び蒸発槽底部205の缶出部から触媒循環ポンプ57までの間の配管内部にRh微粒子が付着していた。
[1]金属触媒及びヨウ化メチルを含む触媒系、並びに、酢酸、酢酸メチル、水の存在下、メタノールと一酸化炭素とを反応槽で反応させて酢酸を生成させるカルボニル化反応工程と、
前記カルボニル化反応工程で得られた反応混合物を蒸発槽において蒸気流と残液流とに分離する蒸発工程と、
前記残液流を反応槽に戻す残液流リサイクル工程と、
前記蒸気流を蒸留に付して酢酸を精製する蒸留工程と、
を備えた酢酸の製造方法であって、
前記蒸発槽は、反応混合物供給ラインが接続された胴部と、蒸気流排出ラインが接続された頂部と、残液流リサイクルラインが接続された底部とを有し、前記胴部は、径大の上部円筒部、径小の下部円筒部、及び上部円筒部と下部円筒部とを連結する逆円錐台筒状の連結部とを有しており、且つ、下記(a)及び(b)のうち少なくとも1つの触媒沈降、蓄積防止構造を有することを特徴とする酢酸の製造方法。
(a)蒸発槽の前記逆円錐台筒状連結部の内壁面の傾斜角度θが5°~85°である構造
(b)板状のボルテックスブレーカー本体部と、ボルテックスブレーカー本体部を水平に支持する脚部とを備えたボルテックスブレーカーが、前記ボルテックスブレーカー本体部が蒸発槽底部の残液流リサイクルライン連結部の直上を覆うように配設されており、ボルテックスブレーカー本体部の周端部と蒸発槽底部の内底面との間隙を通過する残液流の線速rが10m/hより大きくなるように設計されている構造
[2]触媒系がさらにイオン性ヨウ化物を含む[1]記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[3]前記(a)の構造において、蒸発槽の前記逆円錐台筒状連結部の内壁面の傾斜角度θが10°~80°(好ましくは20°~75°、より好ましくは30°~75°)である[1]又は[2]記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[4]前記(b)において、さらに、蒸発槽の底部及び/又は残液流リサイクルラインに一酸化炭素含有ガス導入ラインが接続されている[1]~[3]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[5]前記(b)において、さらに、蒸発槽の底部に一酸化炭素含有ガス導入ラインが接続されている[1]~[3]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[6]一酸化炭素含有ガス導入ラインから一酸化炭素含有ガスを残液流排出量に対して0.02NL/kg以上(好ましくは0.02~5NL/kg、より好ましくは0.05~3NL/kg、さらに好ましくは0.1~1NL/kg)導入する[4]又は[5]記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[7]導入する一酸化炭素含有ガス中の一酸化炭素の含有量が10質量%以上(好ましくは20質量%以上、より好ましくは40質量%以上、さらに好ましくは60質量%以上)である、[4]~[6]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[8]前記(b)において、残液流リサイクルラインを流れる残液流の線速r′が、蒸発槽底部缶出部から反応槽に至る全流路の80%以上(好ましくは90%以上、より好ましくは95%以上)において10m/h以上(好ましくは100m/h以上、より好ましくは500m/h以上、さらに好ましくは1000m/h以上、特に好ましくは2000m/h以上)である[1]~[7]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[9]前記蒸留工程が、前記蒸気流を蒸留して、ヨウ化メチル及びアセトアルデヒドから選択された少なくとも一種の低沸成分に富むオーバーヘッド流と、酢酸に富む第1酢酸流とに分離する脱低沸工程を含む[1]~[8]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[10]前記蒸留工程が、前記第1酢酸流を蒸留して、前記第1酢酸流よりも酢酸が富化されている第2酢酸流と、酢酸よりも沸点の低い成分を前記第2酢酸流と比較して多く含むオーバーヘッド流の蒸気とに分離する脱水工程を含む[9]記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[11]前記第2酢酸流に、水酸化カリウム導入ラインを介して、水酸化カリウムを供給ないし添加する[10]記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[12]前記蒸留工程が、前記第2酢酸流を蒸留して、酢酸よりも沸点の低い成分を缶出液と比較して多く含むオーバーヘッド流としての蒸気と、酢酸よりも沸点の高い成分をオーバーヘッド流と比較して多く含む缶出液と、前記第2酢酸流よりも酢酸が富化されている第3酢酸流とに分離する脱高沸工程を含む[10]又は[11]記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[13]さらに、前記第3酢酸流をイオン交換樹脂塔に導入し、前記第3酢酸流中のヨウ化アルキルを吸着除去する工程を含む[12]記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[14]さらに、前記蒸留工程で得られる前記オーバーヘッド流から少なくともアセトアルデヒドを分離するためのアセトアルデヒド分離除去工程を有する[9]~[13]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[15]さらに、プロセスからのオフガスを、少なくとも酢酸を含む吸収溶媒で吸収処理して、一酸化炭素に富むストリームと酢酸に富むストリームとに分離するスクラバー工程を有する[1]~[14]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[16]前記(b)において、蒸発槽の底部及び/又は残液流リサイクルラインに一酸化炭素含有ガス導入ラインが接続されており、前記スクラバー工程にて分離された一酸化炭素に富むストリームを前記蒸発槽の底部及び/又は残液流リサイクルラインへ導入するCO源として用いる、[15]記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[17]前記(b)において、前記線速rは、前記ボルテックスブレーカー本体部の周端部と蒸発槽底部の内底面との間隙の長さ及び/又は前記ボルテックスブレーカー本体部の周長さを変化させて調節される、[1]~[16]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[18]前記蒸発槽内圧力が50~1000kPa(絶対圧)である、[1]~[17]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[19]前記蒸発工程にて分離される蒸気流および残液流の割合が、質量比で、10/90~50/50(蒸気流/残液流)である、[1]~[18]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[20]前記蒸発工程にて分離される蒸気流の酢酸濃度が50~85質量%(好ましくは55~75質量%)である、[1]~[19]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[21]前記蒸発工程にて分離される残液流の酢酸濃度が55~90質量%(好ましくは60~85質量%)である、[1]~[20]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[22]前記(b)を備える、[1]~[21]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
[23]前記(a)と前記(b)をともに備える、[1]~[22]のいずれか1つに記載の酢酸の製造方法。
2 蒸発槽
3,5,6 蒸留塔
4 デカンタ
7 イオン交換樹脂塔
8 スクラバーシステム
9 アセトアルデヒド分離除去システム
16 反応混合物供給ライン
17 蒸気流排出ライン
18,19 残液流リサイクルライン
54 一酸化炭素含有ガス導入ライン
55,56 水酸化カリウム導入ライン
57 触媒循環ポンプ
201 蒸発槽頂部
202 蒸発槽胴部の上部円筒部
203 蒸発槽胴部の連結部
204 蒸発槽胴部の下部円筒部
205 蒸発槽底部
206 ボルテックスブレーカー本体部
207 脚部
c 間隙
x ボルテックスブレーカー
Claims (9)
- 金属触媒及びヨウ化メチルを含む触媒系、並びに、酢酸、酢酸メチル、水の存在下、メタノールと一酸化炭素とを反応槽で反応させて酢酸を生成させるカルボニル化反応工程と、
前記カルボニル化反応工程で得られた反応混合物を蒸発槽において蒸気流と残液流とに分離する蒸発工程と、
前記残液流を反応槽に戻す残液流リサイクル工程と、
前記蒸気流を蒸留に付して酢酸を精製する蒸留工程と、
を備えた酢酸の製造方法であって、
前記蒸発槽は、反応混合物供給ラインが接続された胴部と、蒸気流排出ラインが接続された頂部と、残液流リサイクルラインが接続された底部とを有し、前記胴部は、径大の上部円筒部、径小の下部円筒部、及び上部円筒部と下部円筒部とを連結する逆円錐台筒状の連結部とを有しており、且つ、下記(a)及び(b)のうち少なくとも1つの触媒沈降、蓄積防止構造を有することを特徴とする酢酸の製造方法。
(a)蒸発槽の前記逆円錐台筒状連結部の内壁面の傾斜角度θが5°~85°である構造
(b)板状のボルテックスブレーカー本体部と、ボルテックスブレーカー本体部を水平に支持する脚部とを備えたボルテックスブレーカーが、前記ボルテックスブレーカー本体部が蒸発槽底部の残液流リサイクルライン連結部の直上を覆うように配設されており、ボルテックスブレーカー本体部の周端部と蒸発槽底部の内底面との間隙を通過する残液流の線速rが10m/hより大きくなるように設計されている構造 - 触媒系がさらにイオン性ヨウ化物を含む請求項1記載の酢酸の製造方法。
- 前記(a)の構造において、蒸発槽の前記逆円錐台筒状連結部の内壁面の傾斜角度θが10°~80°である請求項1又は2記載の酢酸の製造方法。
- 前記(b)において、さらに、蒸発槽の底部及び/又は残液流リサイクルラインに一酸化炭素含有ガス導入ラインが接続されている請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の酢酸の製造方法。
- 一酸化炭素含有ガス導入ラインから一酸化炭素含有ガスを残液流排出量に対して0.02NL/kg以上導入する請求項4記載の酢酸の製造方法。
- 前記(b)において、残液流リサイクルラインを流れる残液流の線速r′が、蒸発槽底部缶出部から反応槽に至る全流路の80%以上において10m/h以上である請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の酢酸の製造方法。
- 前記蒸留工程が、前記蒸気流を蒸留して、ヨウ化メチル及びアセトアルデヒドから選択された少なくとも一種の低沸成分に富むオーバーヘッド流と、酢酸に富む酢酸流とに分離する脱低沸工程を含む請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の酢酸の製造方法。
- さらに、前記オーバーヘッド流から少なくともアセトアルデヒドを分離するためのアセトアルデヒド分離除去工程を有する請求項7記載の酢酸の製造方法。
- さらに、プロセスからのオフガスを、少なくとも酢酸を含む吸収溶媒で吸収処理して、一酸化炭素に富むストリームと酢酸に富むストリームとに分離するスクラバー工程を有する請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の酢酸の製造方法。
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| EP17732014.0A EP3333147B1 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-25 | Method for producing acetic acid |
| BR112019008340A BR112019008340A2 (pt) | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-25 | método para produzir ácido acético |
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| CN201780063456.4A CN110214132A (zh) | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-25 | 乙酸的制备方法 |
| US15/540,177 US10266473B2 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-25 | Method for producing acetic acid |
| ES17732014T ES2744537T3 (es) | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-25 | Método para la producción de ácido acético |
| KR1020197014834A KR102257562B1 (ko) | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-25 | 아세트산의 제조 방법 |
| MX2019004920A MX370246B (es) | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-25 | Metodo para la produccion de acido acetico. |
| PH12019550075A PH12019550075A1 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2019-04-26 | Method for producing acetic acid |
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| MX2019004920A (es) | 2019-06-20 |
| BR112019008340A2 (pt) | 2019-08-06 |
| TWI697476B (zh) | 2020-07-01 |
| JP6491750B2 (ja) | 2019-03-27 |
| TW201829364A (zh) | 2018-08-16 |
| MX370246B (es) | 2019-12-04 |
| JPWO2018078924A1 (ja) | 2018-10-25 |
| MY186617A (en) | 2021-07-30 |
| EP3333147A4 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
| ES2744537T3 (es) | 2020-02-25 |
| EP3333147A1 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
| PH12019550075A1 (en) | 2020-01-20 |
| KR20190069546A (ko) | 2019-06-19 |
| EP3333147B1 (en) | 2019-07-10 |
| CN110214132A (zh) | 2019-09-06 |
| KR102257562B1 (ko) | 2021-05-31 |
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