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WO2018072068A1 - 光耦合装置及其控制方法 - Google Patents

光耦合装置及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018072068A1
WO2018072068A1 PCT/CN2016/102314 CN2016102314W WO2018072068A1 WO 2018072068 A1 WO2018072068 A1 WO 2018072068A1 CN 2016102314 W CN2016102314 W CN 2016102314W WO 2018072068 A1 WO2018072068 A1 WO 2018072068A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
operating voltage
beam splitter
phase shifter
polarized light
polarization
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2016/102314
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓舒鹏
刘磊
王志仁
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to CN201680089616.8A priority Critical patent/CN109791302B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/102314 priority patent/WO2018072068A1/zh
Priority to EP16919327.3A priority patent/EP3514608B1/en
Publication of WO2018072068A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018072068A1/zh
Priority to US16/384,583 priority patent/US10948655B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G02B6/2706—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means as bulk elements, i.e. free space arrangements external to a light guide, e.g. polarising beam splitters
    • G02B6/2713—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means as bulk elements, i.e. free space arrangements external to a light guide, e.g. polarising beam splitters cascade of polarisation selective or adjusting operations
    • G02B6/272—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means as bulk elements, i.e. free space arrangements external to a light guide, e.g. polarising beam splitters cascade of polarisation selective or adjusting operations comprising polarisation means for beam splitting and combining
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/02—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/281—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for attenuating light intensity, e.g. comprising rotatable polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/12004—Combinations of two or more optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/126—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind using polarisation effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/268—Optical coupling means for modal dispersion control, e.g. concatenation of light guides having different modal dispersion properties
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical communication technologies, and in particular, to an optical coupling device and a control method thereof.
  • a polarization-independent coupling method is as follows: firstly, two-dimensional coupled grating (2DGC) is used to couple light in a fiber into a waveguide to obtain two transversely-transformed (TE) polarized lights, and then two phase TEs are passed through a phase shifter.
  • the polarized light is phase-controlled such that the two TE-polarized light have a phase difference of 0, and then the two TE-polarized lights having a phase difference of 0 are combined by a 1x2 beam splitter, and finally a bundle of TE-polarized light is obtained.
  • the inherent insertion loss is 0 for TE/TM uniformly mixed polarized light, and 3 dB for pure TE or TM polarized light, so for different polarization directions
  • the inherent insertion loss of the light is different, and the extra insertion loss is large.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical coupling device and a control method thereof, which can realize coupling of light of an arbitrary polarization direction from a fiber into a waveguide, and additionally reducing insertion loss.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical coupling device, including:
  • a coupling and polarization splitter a phase shifter, a 2x2 tunable beam splitter, a photodetector, and a microprocessor, wherein the coupling and polarization splitter is used to couple light from the fiber into the waveguide and perform polarization splitting and rotation, Obtaining a first beam of transversely polarized TE and a second beam of TE polarized light having a phase difference, the ratio of the intensities of the first bundle of TE polarized light and the second bundle of TE polarized light is a 1 : a 2 ; and the phase shifter is used according to The operating voltage adjusts a phase difference between the first bundle of TE polarized light and the second bundle of TE polarized light; the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter is configured to adjust the splitting ratio according to the operating voltage, and to compare the first bundle of TE polarized light and the second bundle of TE according to the splitting ratio The polarized light is combined to obtain a first output and a second output;
  • the optical coupling device couples light from the optical fiber to the waveguide by providing a coupling and polarization splitter, a phase shifter, a 2x2 adjustable beam splitter, a photodetector, and a microprocessor, and a coupling and polarization splitter.
  • the beam processing obtains two outputs, the photodetector detects the working current of the first output, feeds back the working current detected by the microprocessor, and adjusts the voltage of the phase shifter 12 according to the received working current by the microprocessor.
  • the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13 is such that the operating current of the first output is close to the theoretical value of 0, so that light of any polarization direction can be coupled from the optical fiber into the waveguide, and the additional insertion loss is small, and the structure is simple and easy. Achieve miniaturization.
  • the coupling and polarization splitter is a louver converter and a polarization rotator
  • a zonal converter is used to couple light from the fiber into the waveguide
  • a polarization rotator is used for polarization splitting and Rotation produces a first beam of transversely polarized TE and a second beam of TE polarized light having a phase difference.
  • the scalar converter and the polarization rotating beam splitter can cover a very wide band and have a wide optical bandwidth.
  • the coupling and polarization splitter is a two-dimensional coupled grating.
  • the microprocessor is specifically configured to: adjust the operating voltage of the phase shifter and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter until the operating current is less than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the microprocessor is specifically configured to: adjust the operating voltage of the phase shifter and the operation of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter according to the target operating voltage of the phase shifter and the target operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter.
  • the voltage, the target operating voltage of the phase shifter and the target operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter are the operating voltage of the corresponding phase shifter and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter when the operating current is minimum.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method of an optical coupling device, where the optical coupling device includes a coupling and polarization splitter, a phase shifter, a 2x2 adjustable beam splitter, and a photodetector, and the method includes: receiving photodetection The first output of the operating current detected by the device, the first output is a coupling and polarization splitter that couples light from the fiber into the waveguide, and performs polarization splitting and rotation to obtain a first beam transverse TE polarization with phase difference After the light and the second bundle of TE polarized light, one of the two outputs obtained by the phase shifter and the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter performing the combining process, the first bundle of TE polarized light and the second bundle of TE polarized light
  • the intensity ratio of light is a 1 : a 2 , and the operating voltage of the phase shifter and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter are adjusted according to the operating current.
  • the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter is adjusted by the microprocessor according to the received operating current to control the voltage of the phase shifter, so that the first output optical power is close to the theoretical value. 0, so that light of any polarization direction can be coupled from the fiber to the waveguide, and the additional insertion loss is small.
  • the coupling and polarization splitter is a louver converter and a polarization rotator
  • a zonal converter is used to couple light from the fiber into the waveguide
  • a polarization rotator is used for polarization splitting and Rotation produces a first beam of transversely polarized TE and a second beam of TE polarized light having a phase difference.
  • the scalar converter and the polarization rotating beam splitter can cover a very wide band and have a wide optical bandwidth.
  • the coupling and polarization splitter is a two-dimensional coupled grating.
  • the operating voltage of the phase shifter and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter are adjusted according to the operating current, including: adjusting the operating voltage of the phase shifter and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter until the operation The current is less than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the operating voltage of the phase shifter and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter are adjusted according to the operating current, including: the target operating voltage of the phase shifter and the target operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter. Adjust the operating voltage of the phase shifter and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter.
  • the target operating voltage of the phase shifter and the target operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter are the operating voltages of the phase shifters corresponding to the minimum operating current. 2x2 adjustable beam splitter operating voltage.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling an optical coupling device, where the optical coupling device includes a coupling and polarization splitter, a phase shifter, a 2x2 adjustable beam splitter, and a photodetector, and the method includes:
  • a coupling and polarization splitter couples light from the fiber into the waveguide and performs polarization splitting and rotation to obtain a first beam of transversely polarized TE and a second beam of TE polarized light having a phase difference, the first beam of TE polarized light and
  • the ratio of the intensity of the second bundle of TE polarized light is a 1 : a 2
  • the phase shifter adjusts the phase difference between the first bundle of TE polarized light and the second bundle of TE polarized light according to the operating voltage
  • the 2 ⁇ 2 adjustable beam splitter is used for Adjusting the splitting ratio according to the operating voltage, and combining the first bundle of TE polarized light and the second bundle of TE polarized light according to the splitting ratio to obtain a first output and a second output
  • the photodetector is used to detect the first path
  • the output operating current is sent to the microprocessor, and finally the microprocessor is used to adjust the operating voltage of the phase shifter and the operating voltage of the 2
  • the optical coupling device control method provided by the embodiment of the present invention couples light from a fiber to a waveguide through a coupling and polarization splitter, and performs polarization splitting to obtain a first beam of TE polarized light and a second beam of TE polarized with a phase difference.
  • the photodetector detects the working current of the first output, and feeds back to the micro
  • the working current detected by the processor controls the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13 by the microprocessor according to the received operating current to control the voltage of the phase shifter 12, so that the operating current of the first output is close to the theoretical value of 0, Therefore, light of any polarization direction can be coupled from the optical fiber into the waveguide, and the additional insertion loss is small, and the structure is simple and easy to realize miniaturization.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of an optical coupling device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of an optical coupling device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for controlling an optical coupling device according to the present invention.
  • the optical coupling device and the control method thereof according to the embodiments of the present invention are used for polarization-independent coupling of a silicon optical chip, and coupling light of any polarization direction (such as linearly polarized light, circular/elliptical polarized light, etc.) from the optical fiber into the waveguide, and additionally
  • the insertion loss is small, and the optical coupling device proposed by the embodiment of the invention has a simple structure and is easy to realize miniaturization.
  • the optical coupling device includes: a coupling and polarization splitter 11, a phase shifter 12, a 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13, and a photoelectric device.
  • the ratio of the intensity of the first bundle of TE polarized light and the second bundle of TE polarized light is a 1 : a 2 .
  • the phase shifter 12 is for adjusting a phase difference between the first bundle of TE polarized light and the second bundle of TE polarized light according to an operating voltage.
  • the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13 is configured to adjust the splitting ratio according to the operating voltage, and combine the first bundle of TE polarized light and the second bundle of TE polarized light according to the splitting ratio to obtain a first output and a second output.
  • Photodetector 14 is used to detect the operating current of the first output and to send the operating current to the microprocessor.
  • the microprocessor 15 is operative to adjust the operating voltage of the phase shifter and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter based on the received operating current.
  • the coupling and polarization splitter 11 may be a two-dimensional coupled grating, and the two-dimensional coupled grating may couple light from the optical fiber into the waveguide, and perform polarization splitting to obtain a first bundle of TE polarized light having a phase difference and a first Two beams of TE polarized light, but with grating coupling, reduce the optical bandwidth. Therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, the coupling and polarization splitter 11 may be a louver converter and a polarization rotating beam splitter.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the optical coupling device provided by the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is based on the optical coupling device shown in FIG. 1, and further, the coupling and polarization splitter of the present embodiment
  • the zonal converter 111 is used to couple light from the fiber into the waveguide
  • the polarization rotator beam splitter 112 is used for polarization splitting and rotation to obtain a phase difference.
  • the first bundle of transversely polarized light and the second bundle of TE polarized light Compared with the two-dimensional coupled grating, the scalar converter and the polarization rotating beam splitter can cover a very wide band and have a wide optical bandwidth.
  • the microprocessor 15 is specifically configured to: adjust the operating voltage of the phase shifter 12 and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13 until the operating current If the working current is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the current phase shifter is determined to be less than or equal to the preset threshold.
  • the operating voltage of 12 and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13 are respectively the target operating voltages of the two; if not, the operating voltage of the phase shifter 12 and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13 are continuously adjusted.
  • the preset threshold is experimental data, and the theoretical value is 0.
  • microprocessor 15 is specifically configured to:
  • the operating voltage of the phase shifter 12 and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13 are adjusted by the target operating voltage of the phase shifter 12 and the target operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13, the target operating voltage of the phase shifter 12 and The target operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13 is the operating voltage of the corresponding phase shifter 12 and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13 when the operating current is minimum.
  • the minimum operating current is specifically determined by determining N different operating voltages in which the phase shifter 12 operates in the first predetermined range and N operating in the second predetermined range in which the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13 operates.
  • the minimum value of the operating current corresponding to the first output at different operating voltages, and the operating voltage of the phase shifter 12 corresponding to the minimum value of the operating current outputted by the first path is used as the target operating voltage of the phase shifter 12, which will be the first
  • the minimum value of the operating current of the road output corresponds to the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13 as the target operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13.
  • the first preset range and the second preset range may be close to a theoretical value of 0 of the operating current output by the first pass.
  • the coupling and polarization splitter 11 is used as a louver converter and a polarization rotating beam splitter as an example to explain the operation of the phase shifter 12 and the operating voltage of the 2x2 tunable beam splitter 13 in detail to make the first path
  • the technical principle of output optical power is 0:
  • Light in any direction of polarization in the fiber can be represented by a Jones matrix:
  • a 1 and a 2 are the light intensity components of the TE mode and the TM mode, respectively.
  • a scalpel converter couples light from the fiber into the waveguide through a polarization rotating beam splitter (PSR) to obtain a first beam of TE polarized light having a phase difference and a second beam of TE polarized light, the first beam of TE polarized light And the ratio of the intensity of the second bundle of TE polarized light is a 1 : a 2 , and then passes through the phase shifter 12, and the voltage of the phase shifter 12 is controlled by the microprocessor 15 so that the phase of the first bundle of TE polarized light That is, the phase difference between the two polarized lights is ⁇ /2, and the electric vectors of the first bundle of TE polarized light and the second bundle of TE polarized light are:
  • the optical power outputted by the second channel is That is, the theoretically introduced additional loss is 0; while the optical power of the first path is 0, the first path is output to the photodetector 14, and the output of the channel can be detected by the photodetector 14 for feedback control, and the optical power of the first path
  • the operating current of the first output is 0, 0 is a theoretical value, and a current threshold can be preset. Therefore, when the working current of the photodetector 14 fed back to the microprocessor 15 is greater than a preset threshold, the phase shift is continuously adjusted.
  • the operating voltage of the device 12 and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter 13 further change the operating current of the first output. If less than or equal to the preset threshold, the operating voltage of the phase shifter and the 2x2 adjustable beam splitting are stopped. The working voltage of the device.
  • the optical coupling device couples light from the optical fiber into the waveguide by providing a coupling and polarization splitter, a phase shifter, a 2x2 adjustable beam splitter, a photodetector, and a microprocessor, and a coupling and polarization splitter.
  • the photodetector detects the working current of the first output, and feeds back the working current detected by the microprocessor, and adjusts the voltage of the phase shifter 12 according to the received working current by the microprocessor, and adjusts 2x2
  • the working voltage of the adjustable beam splitter 13 The operating current of the first output is close to the theoretical value of 0, so that light of any polarization direction can be coupled from the optical fiber into the waveguide, the extra insertion loss is small, and the structure is simple and easy to realize miniaturization.
  • Embodiment 3 is a flow chart of Embodiment 1 of a method for controlling an optical coupling device according to the present invention.
  • the present embodiment is used to include a coupling and polarization splitter, a phase shifter, a 2x2 adjustable beam splitter, and a photoelectric device.
  • the optical coupling device of the detector, the method of this embodiment includes:
  • the first output is a coupling and polarization splitter that couples light from the fiber to the waveguide, and performs polarization splitting and rotation to obtain a first beam of transversely polarized light having a phase difference and a second beam of TE polarized light.
  • One of the two outputs obtained by the phase shifter phase shift adjustment and the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter performing the combining process, the ratio of the intensity of the first bundle of TE polarized light and the second bundle of TE polarized light is a 1 : a 2 .
  • the coupling and polarization splitter is a two-dimensional coupled grating.
  • a two-dimensional coupled grating can couple light from a fiber into a waveguide and perform polarization splitting to obtain a first beam of TE polarized light and a second beam of TE polarized light having a phase difference, but using grating coupling reduces optical bandwidth
  • the coupling and polarization splitter may be a louver converter and a polarization rotator, the zonal converter is used to couple light from the fiber into the waveguide, and the polarization rotator is used for polarization splitting and Rotation produces a first beam of transversely polarized TE and a second beam of TE polarized light having a phase difference.
  • the scalar converter and the polarization rotating beam splitter can cover a very wide band and have a wide optical bandwidth.
  • S102 is specifically: adjusting an operating voltage of the phase shifter and an operating voltage of the 2 ⁇ 2 adjustable beam splitter until the operating current is less than or equal to a preset threshold, specifically, for example, receiving the first output. After the working current, determine whether the working current is less than or equal to a preset threshold. If the working current is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the operating voltage of the current phase shifter and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter are respectively taken as the two. The target operating voltage; if not, continue to adjust the operating voltage of the phase shifter and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter.
  • the preset threshold is experimental data, and the theoretical value is 0.
  • S102 is specifically: adjusting the operating voltage of the phase shifter and the 2 ⁇ 2 adjustable beam splitting according to the target operating voltage of the phase shifter and the target working voltage of the 2 ⁇ 2 adjustable beam splitter.
  • the operating voltage of the device, the target operating voltage of the phase shifter and the target operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter are the operating voltage of the phase shifter corresponding to the minimum operating current and the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter.
  • the minimum operating current is specifically determined by determining N different operating voltages in which the phase shifter operates in the first predetermined range and N different working operations in which the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter operates in the second predetermined range.
  • the minimum value of the operating current corresponding to the first output of the voltage, the operating voltage of the phase shifter corresponding to the minimum value of the operating current outputted by the first path is used as the target operating voltage of the phase shifter, and the operation of the first output is performed.
  • the minimum value of the current corresponds to the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter as the target operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter.
  • the first preset range and the second preset range may be close to a theoretical value of 0 of the operating current output by the first pass.
  • the optical power of the first output is zero.
  • the operating voltage of the 2x2 adjustable beam splitter is adjusted by the microprocessor according to the received operating current to control the voltage of the phase shifter, so that the first output optical power is close to the theoretical value. Therefore, light of any polarization direction can be coupled from the optical fiber into the waveguide, and the additional insertion loss is small.
  • aspects of the present application, or possible implementations of various aspects can be embodied as a system, method, or computer program product. Accordingly, aspects of the present application, or possible implementations of various aspects, may be in the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, etc.), or a combination of software and hardware aspects, They are collectively referred to herein as "circuits," “modules,” or “systems.” Furthermore, aspects of the present application, or possible implementations of various aspects, may take the form of a computer program product, which is a computer readable program code stored in a computer readable medium.
  • the computer readable medium can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium.
  • the computer readable storage medium includes, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing, such as random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), Erase programmable read only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), optical fiber, portable read-only memory (CD-ROM).
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • EPROM or Flash memory Erase programmable read only memory
  • CD-ROM portable read-only memory
  • the processor in the computer reads the computer readable program code stored in the computer readable medium such that the processor is capable of performing the various functional steps specified in each step of the flowchart, or a combination of steps; A device that functions as specified in each block, or combination of blocks.
  • the computer readable program code can execute entirely on the user's local computer, partly on the user's local computer, as a separate software package, partly on the user's local computer and partly on the remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or Executed on the server. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the various steps in the flowcharts or in the blocks in the block diagrams may not occur in the order noted. For example, two steps, or two blocks, shown in succession may be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may be executed in the reverse order.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种光耦合装置及其控制方法，该光耦合装置包括：耦合及偏振分离器、相移器、2x2可调分束器、光电探测器以及微处理器，可实现将任意偏振方向的光从光纤耦合到波导中，额外插损小，对不同偏振方向的光的固有插损相同，且结构简单、易实现小型化。

Description

光耦合装置及其控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及光通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种光耦合装置及其控制方法。
背景技术
目前，硅光应用正朝高密、波分等方向发展，其中关键器件如波导阵列光栅(AWG)、微环等折射率敏感器件都有强烈的偏振依赖，偏振无关耦合显得尤为重要。
现有的一种偏振无关耦合方法为：首先用二维耦合光栅(2DGC)将光纤中的光耦合进波导中，得到两束横电(TE)偏振光，接着通过相移器对两束TE偏振光进行相位控制，使得两束TE偏振光相位差为0，然后对相位差为0的两束TE偏振光用1x2分束器进行合束，最后得到一束TE偏振光。
上述方法中，由于光纤中存在是任意偏振方向的光，对于TE/TM均匀混合偏振光，固有插损为0，对于纯TE或者TM偏振光，固有插损为3dB，因此对于不同的偏振方向的光固有插损是不同的，额外插损较大。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种光耦合装置及其控制方法，可实现将任意偏振方向的光从光纤耦合到波导中，额外插损小。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供一种光耦合装置，包括：
耦合及偏振分离器、相移器、2x2可调分束器、光电探测器以及微处理器，其中，耦合及偏振分离器用于将光从光纤耦合到波导中，并进行偏振分束和旋转，得到具有相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光，第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的强度之比为a1:a2；相移器用于根据工作电压调节第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的相位差；2x2可调分束器用于根据工作电压调节分光比，并根据分光比对第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光进行合束处理，得到第一路输出和第二路输出； 光电探测器用于探测第一路输出的工作电流，并将工作电流发送给微处理器；微处理器用于根据接收到的工作电流调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压。
本发明实施例提供的光耦合装置，通过设置耦合及偏振分离器、相移器、2x2可调分束器、光电探测器以及微处理器，耦合及偏振分离器将光从光纤耦合到波导中，并进行偏振分束，得到具有相位差的第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光，接着通过相移器调节两束偏振光的相位差，然后经2x2可调分束器进行合束处理，得到两路输出，光电探测器探测其中第一路输出的工作电流，反馈给微处理器探测到的工作电流，通过微处理器根据接收到工作电流控制相移器12的电压，调节2x2可调分束器13的工作电压，使得第一路输出的工作电流接近理论值0，从而可实现将任意偏振方向的光从光纤耦合到波导中，额外插损小，且结构简单、易实现小型化。
在一种可能的设计中，耦合及偏振分离器为模斑转换器和偏振旋转分束器，模斑转换器用于将光从光纤耦合到波导中，偏振旋转分束器用于进行偏振分束和旋转，得到具有相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光。
该设计中，相比较二维耦合光栅，采用模斑转换器和偏振旋转分束器，可以覆盖非常宽的波段，光学带宽较宽。
在一种可能的设计中，耦合及偏振分离器为二维耦合光栅。
在一种可能的设计中，微处理器具体用于：调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压直到工作电流小于或等于预设阈值。
在一种可能的设计中，微处理器具体用于：按相移器的目标工作电压和2x2可调分束器的目标工作电压调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压，相移器的目标工作电压和2x2可调分束器的目标工作电压为工作电流最小时对应的相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压。
第二方面，本发明实施例提供一种光耦合装置的控制方法，光耦合装置包括耦合及偏振分离器、相移器、2x2可调分束器、光电探测器，该方法包括：接收光电探测器探测的第一路输出的工作电流，第一路输出为耦合及偏振分离器将光从光纤耦合到波导中，并进行偏振分束和旋转，得到具有 相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光之后，通过相移器进行相位差调节、2x2可调分束器进行合束处理得到的两路输出中的一路，第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的强度之比为a1:a2，根据工作电流调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压。
本发明实施例提供的光耦合装置的控制方法，通过微处理器根据接收到工作电流控制相移器的电压，调节2x2可调分束器的工作电压，使得第一路输出光功率接近理论值0，从而可实现将任意偏振方向的光从光纤耦合到波导中，额外插损小。
在一种可能的设计中，耦合及偏振分离器为模斑转换器和偏振旋转分束器，模斑转换器用于将光从光纤耦合到波导中，偏振旋转分束器用于进行偏振分束和旋转，得到具有相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光。
该设计中，相比较二维耦合光栅，采用模斑转换器和偏振旋转分束器，可以覆盖非常宽的波段，光学带宽较宽。
在一种可能的设计中，耦合及偏振分离器为二维耦合光栅。
在一种可能的设计中，根据工作电流调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压，包括：调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压直到工作电流小于或等于预设阈值。
在一种可能的设计中，根据工作电流调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压，包括：按相移器的目标工作电压和2x2可调分束器的目标工作电压调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压，相移器的目标工作电压和2x2可调分束器的目标工作电压为工作电流最小时对应的相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压。
第三方面，本发明实施例提供一种光耦合装置的控制方法，光耦合装置包括耦合及偏振分离器、相移器、2x2可调分束器、光电探测器，该方法包括：
耦合及偏振分离器将光从光纤耦合到波导中，并进行偏振分束和旋转，得到具有相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光，第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的强度之比为a1:a2，接着相移器根据工作电压调节第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的相位差，接着2x2可 调分束器用于根据工作电压调节分光比，并根据分光比对第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光进行合束处理，得到第一路输出和第二路输出，接着光电探测器用于探测第一路输出的工作电流，并将工作电流发送给微处理器，最后微处理器用于根据接收到的工作电流调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压。
本发明实施例提供的光耦合装置控制方法，通过耦合及偏振分离器将光从光纤耦合到波导中，并进行偏振分束，得到具有相位差的第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光，接着通过相移器调节两束偏振光的相位差，然后经2x2可调分束器进行合束处理，得到两路输出，光电探测器探测其中第一路输出的工作电流，反馈给微处理器探测到的工作电流，通过微处理器根据接收到工作电流控制相移器12的电压，调节2x2可调分束器13的工作电压，使得第一路输出的工作电流接近理论值0，从而可实现将任意偏振方向的光从光纤耦合到波导中，额外插损小，且结构简单、易实现小型化。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明提供的光耦合装置实施例一的结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的光耦合装置实施例二的结构示意图；
图3为本发明提供的光耦合装置的控制方法实施例一的流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提 下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提出的光耦合装置及其控制方法，用于硅光芯片偏振无关耦合，将任意偏振方向的光(如线偏振光、圆/椭圆偏振光等)从光纤耦合到波导中，额外插损小，且本发明实施例提出的光耦合装置结构简单、易实现小型化。下面结合附图详细说明本发明实施例提供的技术方案。
图1为本发明提供的光耦合装置实施例一的结构示意图，如图1所示，该光耦合装置包括：耦合及偏振分离器11、相移器12、2x2可调分束器13、光电探测器14以及微处理器15，其中，耦合及偏振分离器11用于将光从光纤耦合到波导中，并进行偏振分束和偏振旋转，得到具有相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光，第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的强度之比为a1:a2。相移器12用于根据工作电压调节第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的相位差。2x2可调分束器13用于根据工作电压调节分光比，并根据分光比对第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光进行合束处理，得到第一路输出和第二路输出。光电探测器14用于探测第一路输出的工作电流，并将工作电流发送给微处理器。微处理器15用于根据接收到的工作电流调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压。
可选的，耦合及偏振分离器11可以是二维耦合光栅，二维耦合光栅可以将光从光纤耦合到波导中，并进行偏振分束，得到具有相位差的第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光，但是采用光栅耦合，会降低光学带宽，因此，本发明实施例中，耦合及偏振分离器11可以是模斑转换器和偏振旋转分束器。
图2为本发明提供的光耦合装置实施例二的结构示意图，如图2所示，图2在图1所示的光耦合装置的基础上，进一步地，本实施例的耦合及偏振分离器为模斑转换器111和偏振旋转分束器112，模斑转换器111用于将光从光纤耦合到波导中，偏振旋转分束器112用于进行偏振分束和旋转，得到具有相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光。相比较二维耦合光栅，采用模斑转换器和偏振旋转分束器，可以覆盖非常宽的波段，光学带宽较宽。
在上述实施例中，作为一种可选的实施方式，微处理器15具体用于：调节相移器12的工作电压和2x2可调分束器13的工作电压直到工作电流 小于或等于预设阈值，具体地，例如接收到第一路输出的工作电流后，确定工作电流是否小于或等于预设阈值，若工作电流小于或等于预设阈值，则将当前的相移器12的工作电压和2x2可调分束器13的工作电压分别作为二者的目标工作电压；若否，则继续调节相移器12的工作电压和2x2可调分束器13的工作电压。其中的预设阈值为实验数据，理论值为0。
作为另一种可选的实施方式，微处理器15具体用于：
按相移器12的目标工作电压和2x2可调分束器13的目标工作电压调节相移器12的工作电压和2x2可调分束器13的工作电压，相移器12的目标工作电压和2x2可调分束器13的目标工作电压为工作电流最小时对应的相移器12的工作电压和2x2可调分束器13的工作电压。例如，工作电流最小具体是这样确定的：确定出相移器12工作在第一预设范围内的N个不同工作电压和2x2可调分束器13工作在第二预设范围内的N个不同工作电压下对应的第一路输出的工作电流的最小值，将第一路输出的工作电流的最小值对应的相移器12的工作电压作为相移器12的目标工作电压，将第一路输出的工作电流的最小值对应的2x2可调分束器13的工作电压作为2x2可调分束器13的目标工作电压。第一预设范围和第二预设范围可以接近第一路输出的工作电流的理论值0。
下面以耦合及偏振分离器11为模斑转换器和偏振旋转分束器为例，详细说明通过调节相移器12的工作电压和2x2可调分束器13的工作电压，以使第一路输出的光功率为0的技术原理：
光纤中任意偏振方向的光可以用琼斯矩阵表示为：
Figure PCTCN2016102314-appb-000001
其中a1和a2分别是TE模和TM模的光强分量。
模斑转换器(SSC)将光从光纤耦合进波导通过偏振旋转分束器(PSR)后，得到具有相位差的第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光，第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的强度之比为a1:a2，再经过相移器12，通过微处理器15控制相移器12的电压，使得第一束TE偏振光的相位
Figure PCTCN2016102314-appb-000002
即两束偏振光的相位差为π/2，则第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的电矢量为：
Figure PCTCN2016102314-appb-000003
然后通过2x2可调分束器13(分光比为1：X)，可以得到：
Figure PCTCN2016102314-appb-000004
通过调节2x2可调分光器13的工作电压使得X＝a1/a2，即a1-xa2＝0，2x2可调分束器13进行合束处理后，得到第一路输出的电矢量和第二路输出的电矢量为：
Figure PCTCN2016102314-appb-000005
即第二路输出的光功率为
Figure PCTCN2016102314-appb-000006
即理论上引入的额外损耗为0；而第一路的光功率为0，第一路输出至光电探测器14，可以通过光电探测器14探测此路输出进行反馈控制，第一路的光功率为0则第一路输出的工作电流为0，0为理论值，可以预设一电流阈值，因此当光电探测器14反馈给微处理器15的工作电流大于预设阈值时，继续调节相移器12的工作电压和2x2可调分束器13的工作电压，进而改变第一路输出的工作电流，若小于或等于预设阈值，则停止调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压。
本实施例提供的光耦合装置，通过设置耦合及偏振分离器、相移器、2x2可调分束器、光电探测器以及微处理器，耦合及偏振分离器将光从光纤耦合到波导中，并进行偏振分束，得到具有相位差的第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光，接着通过相移器调节两束偏振光的相位差，然后经2x2可调分束器进行合束处理，得到两路输出，光电探测器探测其中第一路输出的工作电流，反馈给微处理器探测到的工作电流，通过微处理器根据接收到工作电流控制相移器12的电压，调节2x2可调分束器13的工作电压， 使得第一路输出的工作电流接近理论值0，从而可实现将任意偏振方向的光从光纤耦合到波导中，额外插损小，且结构简单、易实现小型化。
图3为本发明提供的光耦合装置的控制方法实施例一的流程图，如图3所示，本实施例用于包括耦合及偏振分离器、相移器、2x2可调分束器、光电探测器的光耦合装置，本实施例的方法包括：
S101、接收光电探测器探测的第一路输出的工作电流。
其中，第一路输出为耦合及偏振分离器将光从光纤耦合到波导中，并进行偏振分束及旋转，得到具有相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光之后，通过相移器进行相位差调节、2x2可调分束器进行合束处理得到的两路输出中的一路，第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的强度之比为a1:a2。
S102、根据工作电流调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压。
可选的，耦合及偏振分离器为二维耦合光栅。二维耦合光栅可以将光从光纤耦合到波导中，并进行偏振分束，得到具有相位差的第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光，但是采用光栅耦合，会降低光学带宽，因此，本发明实施例中，耦合及偏振分离器可以是模斑转换器和偏振旋转分束器，模斑转换器用于将光从光纤耦合到波导中，偏振旋转分束器用于进行偏振分束和旋转，得到具有相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光。相比较二维耦合光栅，采用模斑转换器和偏振旋转分束器，可以覆盖非常宽的波段，光学带宽较宽。
作为一种可选的实施方式，S102具体为：调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压直到工作电流小于或等于预设阈值，具体地，例如接收到第一路输出的工作电流后，确定工作电流是否小于或等于预设阈值，若工作电流小于或等于预设阈值，则将当前的相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压分别作为二者的目标工作电压；若否，则继续调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压。其中的预设阈值为实验数据，理论值为0。
作为另一种可选的实施方式，S102具体为：按相移器的目标工作电压和2x2可调分束器的目标工作电压调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束 器的工作电压，相移器的目标工作电压和2x2可调分束器的目标工作电压为工作电流最小时对应的相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压。例如，工作电流最小具体是这样确定的：确定出相移器工作在第一预设范围内的N个不同工作电压和2x2可调分束器工作在第二预设范围内的N个不同工作电压下对应的第一路输出的工作电流的最小值，将第一路输出的工作电流的最小值对应的相移器的工作电压作为相移器的目标工作电压，将第一路输出的工作电流的最小值对应的2x2可调分束器的工作电压作为2x2可调分束器的目标工作电压。第一预设范围和第二预设范围可以接近第一路输出的工作电流的理论值0。
通过调节相移器的工作电压和2x2可调分束器的工作电压，以使第一路输出的光功率为0的技术原理件上述装置实施例部分，此处不再赘述。
本实施例提供的光耦合装置的控制方法，通过微处理器根据接收到工作电流控制相移器的电压，调节2x2可调分束器的工作电压，使得第一路输出光功率接近理论值0，从而可实现将任意偏振方向的光从光纤耦合到波导中，额外插损小。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于系统实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。
本领域普通技术人员将会理解，本申请的各个方面、或各个方面的可能实现方式可以被具体实施为系统、方法或者计算机程序产品。因此，本申请的各方面、或各个方面的可能实现方式可以采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例(包括固件、驻留软件等等)，或者组合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式，在这里都统称为“电路”、“模块”或者“系统”。此外，本申请的各方面、或各个方面的可能实现方式可以采用计算机程序产品的形式，计算机程序产品是指存储在计算机可读介质中的计算机可读程序代码。
计算机可读介质可以是计算机可读信号介质或者计算机可读存储介质。计算机可读存储介质包含但不限于电子、磁性、光学、电磁、红外或半导体系统、设备或者装置，或者前述的任意适当组合，如随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM或 者快闪存储器)、光纤、便携式只读存储器(CD-ROM)。
计算机中的处理器读取存储在计算机可读介质中的计算机可读程序代码，使得处理器能够执行在流程图中每个步骤、或各步骤的组合中规定的功能动作；生成实施在框图的每一块、或各块的组合中规定的功能动作的装置。
计算机可读程序代码可以完全在用户的本地计算机上执行、部分在用户的本地计算机上执行、作为单独的软件包、部分在用户的本地计算机上并且部分在远程计算机上，或者完全在远程计算机或者服务器上执行。也应该注意，在某些替代实施方案中，在流程图中各步骤、或框图中各块所注明的功能可能不按图中注明的顺序发生。例如，依赖于所涉及的功能，接连示出的两个步骤、或两个块实际上可能被大致同时执行，或者这些块有时候可能被以相反顺序执行。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求书及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种光耦合装置，其特征在于，包括：
    耦合及偏振分离器、相移器、2x2可调分束器、光电探测器以及微处理器；
    所述耦合及偏振分离器用于将光从光纤耦合到波导中，并进行偏振分束和旋转，得到具有相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光，所述第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的强度之比为a1:a2；
    所述相移器用于根据工作电压调节所述第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的相位差；
    所述2x2可调分束器用于根据工作电压调节分光比，并根据所述分光比对所述第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光进行合束处理，得到第一路输出和第二路输出；
    所述光电探测器用于探测所述第一路输出的工作电流，并将所述工作电流发送给所述微处理器；
    所述微处理器用于根据接收到的所述工作电流调节所述相移器的工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的工作电压。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光耦合装置，其特征在于，所述耦合及偏振分离器为模斑转换器和偏振旋转分束器；
    所述模斑转换器用于将光从光纤耦合到波导中；
    所述偏振旋转分束器用于进行偏振分束和旋转，得到具有相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光耦合装置，其特征在于，所述耦合及偏振分离器为二维耦合光栅。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的光耦合装置，其特征在于，所述微处理器具体用于：
    调节所述相移器的工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的工作电压直到所述工作电流小于或等于预设阈值。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的光耦合装置，其特征在于，所述微处理器具体用于：
    按所述相移器的目标工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的目标工作电压 调节所述相移器的工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的工作电压，所述相移器的目标工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的目标工作电压为所述工作电流最小时对应的相移器的工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的工作电压。
  6. 一种光耦合装置的控制方法，所述光耦合装置包括耦合及偏振分离器、相移器、2x2可调分束器、光电探测器，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接收所述光电探测器探测的第一路输出的工作电流，所述第一路输出为所述耦合及偏振分离器将光从光纤耦合到波导中，并进行偏振分束和旋转，得到具有相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光之后，通过所述相移器进行相位差调节、所述2x2可调分束器进行合束处理得到的两路输出中的一路，所述第一束TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光的强度之比为a1:a2；
    根据所述工作电流调节所述相移器的工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的工作电压。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述耦合及偏振分离器为模斑转换器和偏振旋转分束器；
    所述模斑转换器用于将光从光纤耦合到波导中；
    所述偏振旋转分束器用于进行偏振分束和旋转，得到具有相位差的第一束横电TE偏振光和第二束TE偏振光。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述耦合及偏振分离器为二维耦合光栅。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述工作电流调节所述相移器的工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的工作电压，包括：
    调节所述相移器的工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的工作电压直到所述工作电流小于或等于预设阈值。
  10. 根据权利要求6-8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述工作电流调节所述相移器的工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的工作电压，包括：
    按所述相移器的目标工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的目标工作电压调节所述相移器的工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的工作电压，所述相移 器的目标工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的目标工作电压为所述工作电流最小时对应的相移器的工作电压和所述2x2可调分束器的工作电压。
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