[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2018060033A1 - Procédé pour la détermination d'une densité relative d'un lit de poudre dans un dispositif pour la fabrication générative d'un objet tridimensionnel - Google Patents

Procédé pour la détermination d'une densité relative d'un lit de poudre dans un dispositif pour la fabrication générative d'un objet tridimensionnel Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018060033A1
WO2018060033A1 PCT/EP2017/073829 EP2017073829W WO2018060033A1 WO 2018060033 A1 WO2018060033 A1 WO 2018060033A1 EP 2017073829 W EP2017073829 W EP 2017073829W WO 2018060033 A1 WO2018060033 A1 WO 2018060033A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
specimen
powder
layer
specimens
building material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2017/073829
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Grünberger
Stefan Paternoster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EOS GmbH
Original Assignee
EOS GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EOS GmbH filed Critical EOS GmbH
Publication of WO2018060033A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018060033A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods for determining a relative powder bed density in a device for producing a three-dimensional object generatively by layering and selectively consolidating a building material, preferably a powder.
  • Devices and methods for generatively producing a three-dimensional object are used, for example, in rapid prototyping, rapid tooling or additive manufacturing.
  • An example of such a method is known as "selective laser sintering or laser melting.”
  • selective laser sintering or laser melting In this case, a thin layer of a pulverulent constituent material is repeatedly applied and the material in each layer is selectively solidified by selective irradiation from a cross section of the object to be produced with a laser beam.
  • the powder bed density prior to solidification plays a major role in terms of the quality of the object to be produced or produced and the process stability.
  • DE 102006023484 A1 describes an apparatus and a method for compacting pulverulent building material, wherein the building material is preferably a mixed powder of new and old material.
  • the powder bed density is quantified therein as follows: A closed hollow thin-walled cuboid laser sintered component is exposed such that the volume enclosed in the exposure has a value resulting from the inner dimensions of the container in the directions xyz, the z-direction extends perpendicular to the powder flow. The thus-built part is freed from the outside of adhering powder residues and weighed. Then the part is cut open and the powder inside is emptied, and the empty part weighed again. The difference of the masses corresponds to the mass of the enclosed powder volume. Since the powder volume is known, the density of the powder bed can be calculated from this. However, the absolute density measurement is often complicated due to numerous imponderables. Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to provide an alternative or improved method or apparatus for determining the powder bed density.
  • the method according to the invention serves to determine a relative powder bed density in a device for producing at least one three-dimensional object by layer-wise application and selective solidification of a pulverulent construction material.
  • the method comprises at least a first specimen and the steps
  • the method comprises the steps:
  • the relative determination of the powder bed density makes it possible, for example, to make a more precise statement about the density in comparison to the quantitative determination of the powder bed density.
  • the accuracy can be given by the fact that the temperature dependence of the construction process is likewise included in a relative determination of the powder bed density.
  • the at least one second specimen is produced by means of a powder-based generative layer construction method, preferably using the same pulverulent build-up material as for producing the at least one first specimen. This facilitates the comparison between the first and the second specimen considerably, since the two
  • Specimens then - figuratively speaking analogous to a common coordinate system - are based on certain common technical starting conditions, due to which the differences in the comparison of the two specimens are then particularly significant and evaluable.
  • a compaction step b) is carried out for the preparation of the first specimen and no compaction step b) is carried out for the preparation of the second specimen.
  • the efficiency of a compaction method can be compared in direct comparison with uncompacted powder.
  • compaction steps b) are carried out to produce the first and the second specimen.
  • the first and / or the second test specimen is or are removed from the device before the at least one length dimension is determined, which can considerably simplify the measurability.
  • the steps a) of powder application and b) of compacting are preferably carried out such that the layer thickness of the first specimen to be consolidated in step c) is the same as the layer thickness of the second specimen to be consolidated in step c).
  • This measure also serves to provide an improved basis for the comparison of the two specimens.
  • the step a) of the powder application and the step b) of the compacting of the applied layer occur simultaneously.
  • the first and second specimens each a platelet, which by passing through the
  • Steps a), b) and c) is produced.
  • Steps a), b) and c) is produced.
  • the at least one length dimension to be determined is a dimension of the test specimen perpendicular to the solidified layer.
  • the first and the second specimens are produced by carrying out steps a), b) and c) 'at least twice, preferably many times
  • the first and the second specimen are each an upwardly open, filled with unverif remained powder cylindrical container, wherein the two specimens have the same geometric inner dimensions.
  • a defined pressure is preferably applied in each case to the unconsolidated powder surface of the test specimen.
  • the resulting change in height of the powder surface is the at least one length dimension.
  • the method can be carried out by machine and is essentially independent of a subjective assessment by an executing person.
  • each of the first and second specimens is an object having n recesses, where n is a natural number, and wherein each recess comprises a non-solidification region of a given length dimension in which one or more layers have been excluded from solidification, and the length dimensions associated with the specimens are those given length dimensions of the non-solidification areas, taking into account only the non-solidification areas visible after completion of the specimens.
  • the relative powder bed density for example, be assessed visually without much effort of the Ab messengers.
  • the powder bed density can thus be assessed with the naked eye.
  • each of the first and second specimens is a three-dimensional object having n non-solidification areas, where n is 1, and wherein at least two, preferably all n, non-solidification areas differ from one another in their predetermined length dimensions perpendicular to the layer course of the powdered building material.
  • optical assessment can be simplified, for example.
  • adhering powder grains are removed after their completion on the test specimens, in particular on the recesses, preferably by blasting. This increases the accuracy of the judgment.
  • At least two, preferably a multiplicity of first test specimens and / or at least two, preferably a plurality of second specimens are produced and / or at least two, preferably a multiplicity of length dimensions are determined on the test specimens and the length dimensions of the first specimen or specimens ( s) and the length dimensions of the or second specimen (s) is compared by means of a suitable index number, the index number preferably being an average value or a frequency distribution of the length dimensions.
  • the method according to the invention serves to produce at least one three-dimensional object by layer-wise application and selective solidification of a pulverulent construction material.
  • the method comprises the following steps:
  • the building material is solidified such that at least a first specimen is produced and the following steps are carried out to determine a relative powder bed density:
  • At least one determined length dimension with at least one corresponding length dimension of at least one second test piece.
  • at least one object and at least one first and / or second test specimen are produced.
  • the programmable control unit serves for a device for producing at least one three-dimensional object by layer-wise application and selective solidification of a pulverulent building material.
  • the control unit is designed to control the device such that it carries out all steps a) and c) and optionally b) and / or d) of a method as defined above.
  • the device according to the invention is used for producing at least one three-dimensional object by layered application and selective solidification of a powdered on aumateri- as.
  • the apparatus comprises a field movable coater for applying a layer of building material within the building field, compacting means for compacting the applied layer of building material, the compacting means optionally being integrally formed with the coater, and a solidification apparatus for selective solidification the applied layer at locations corresponding to a cross section of the at least one object to be fabricated, the device being configured and / or controlled to repeat the steps of application and selective solidification until the at least one object is completed;
  • the above-described control unit according to the invention comprises.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an apparatus for producing three-dimensional objects according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective side view of the powder application with the coater and a compaction blade from FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 a) -c) a schematic representation of the cross section of three compressor blades which can be used in the example of FIG
  • Fig. 6 a) -c) is a schematic representation of the cross-section of a manufactured component with unconsolidated powder inside and applying a compressibility force according to a third embodiment
  • FIG. 7 General overview of the process steps
  • a laser sintering or laser melting apparatus 1 for the method according to the invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 as an exemplary production apparatus according to the invention.
  • it contains a process chamber 3 with a chamber wall 4.
  • object 2 here both the component to be formed and a test specimen are understood.
  • an upwardly open container 5 is arranged with a container wall 6. Furthermore, in the container 5 there is arranged a carrier 7 which is movable in the vertical direction V and which carries the object 2 to be formed directly or indirectly.
  • a base plate 8 may be arranged in the container 5 between the object 2 to be formed and the carrier 7.
  • the carrier 7 is adjusted in the vertical direction so that the layer of the object to be consolidated in each case lies in a working plane 9.
  • a reservoir 10 for an electromagnetic radiation solidifiable powdery building material 11 and a movable in a horizontal direction H coater 12 for applying the building material 11 is provided.
  • the coater 12 extends transversely to its direction of movement over the entire area to be coated.
  • the building material 11 is preferably a powder.
  • a metal powder, plastic powder, ceramic powder, sand, filled or mixed powder is used.
  • a plastic powder for example a polymer powder such as polyamide, in particular polyamide 12, or polystyrene.
  • the powder can be present as virgin, old or mixed powder.
  • the device further comprises a laser 13.
  • the laser beam 14 generated by the laser 13 is directed by a deflector 15 and by a focusing device 16 on a coupling window 17 and from this into the process chamber 3 passed through and focused at a predetermined point in the working plane 9.
  • the applied layer of the building material is selectively solidified at the locations which correspond to a cross section of the object to be produced.
  • control unit 18 through which the components of the apparatus are controlled in a coordinated manner for carrying out the building process.
  • a control unit 18 according to the invention is designed as described below.
  • the laser sintering apparatus 1 may further include a compacting apparatus for compacting powdery building material 11. This may for example be formed as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the coater 12 has two jaws 51, 52 arranged at a distance from each other and at a distance above the working plane, between which a powder reservoir 20 is located.
  • the jaws extend over the entire width of the construction field.
  • At the mutually facing inner sides of the jaws each have a blade 60, 61 is provided, which also extends over the entire field width and which protrudes downwards on the jaw in the direction of the working plane.
  • the underside of the blade has a distance d from the carrier surface or the last solidified layer which corresponds to the layer thickness of the desired layer.
  • the blades At the underside facing the working plane, the blades have inclined surfaces 60c, 61c.
  • the sloping surfaces form an order surface. Due to their shape, the blade 60, 61 can both coat and compact the powder and is therefore referred to below as a compressor blade. 2
  • the illustrated instantaneous travel direction of the coater 12 is indicated by B.
  • the build-up material 11 is additionally supplied before each coating operation in the coater 12 in an amount sufficient to apply a layer of the powder. Subsequently, the coater 12 moves over the construction field, wherein the compressor blade 60 a layer 21 with the predetermined powder ⁇ layer thickness d applies.
  • This powder layer thickness d corresponds to the above-mentioned preset, predetermined distance between the underside of the blade, in this case the lower edge of the blade 60, 61 and the carrier surface or the last solidified layer.
  • the inclined in the coating direction B surface 60c is applied to the powder to be distributed, which is located in the front of the compactor blade 60 powder column, a force which is directed into the working plane exerted.
  • the powder 20 is compressed during the application of the layer. Applying the powder layer and compression can thus take place substantially simultaneously.
  • An applied and compacted powder layer corresponds in height or thickness to the above-mentioned predetermined thickness d, which may for example be 0.10 mm, 0.12 mm or 0.15 mm thick.
  • the cross section of the object 3 in the respective layer is irradiated with the laser beam and thus the powder is solidified.
  • the coater 5 is filled again with powder and is moved in a direction opposite to the direction B shown in FIG.
  • the second compressor blade 61 which is mirror-symmetrical to the first compressor blade 60, acts as a coater and applies a new powder layer to the last solidified layer or the powder surrounding the solidified region.
  • the compression device may also be designed differently.
  • the blade may be in the form of a flat blade F having a surface 60c 'substantially parallel to the surface of the powder (Figure 3a), a radius blade R having a rounded surface 60c''( Figure 3b) or a roof blade D having two surfaces sloping towards one another 60c '''and60c''''(FIG. 3c).
  • the compacting device can also be designed, for example, as a roller or as a roller.
  • the compression essentially proceeds analogously to what has been described above. It can essentially be done at the same time or after the application. Preferably, application and compression take place simultaneously.
  • the at least one first specimen PI after the optional compaction of the powder bed has a higher powder bed density than the at least one second specimen P2 after the different compaction step or without the compaction step.
  • the respective first specimens PI which are generated from a powder with a higher compression in comparison to a respective second specimen P2, in FIGS. 4a), 5a) and 6a), in each case the second specimen P2, which consists of a powder are generated with a lower compression, shown in Figs. 4b), 5b) and 6b).
  • FIG. 7 A general overview of the method steps (VS) is shown in FIG. 7.
  • At least one first specimen PI made of a building material, preferably a powder is produced as an object to be produced (see also FIG VS1-VS3).
  • at least one powder layer is applied to the construction field (FIG. 7, VS1) and compacted (FIG. 7, VS2), for example by the compression devices described above.
  • the application of the powder layer and the compacting of the powder take place simultaneously instead of.
  • the compressed powder layer has a predetermined thickness d to be solidified.
  • the at least one first specimen PI in the form of a platelet PI ' e.g. of a rectangular plate manufactured by the method described above by selectively solidifying at positions corresponding to the cross section of the plate to be produced ( Figure 7, VS3).
  • the construction process preferably takes place under standard conditions known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, only a single
  • the plate PI is then, as shown in Fig. 4a), in the midst of unconsolidated powder material and has a perpendicular to the powder flow dimension, the thickness dl on.
  • first specimens e.g. 2 to 50 simultaneously or sequentially, i. made by repeating the above steps.
  • At least a second sample P2 is repeated by the process described above in the same or a comparable laser sintering or laser melting apparatus, preferably using the same powder (Figs. 4b, 7, VS1-VS3).
  • all construction conditions such as, for example, building temperature and construction time, correspond to those of the production process of the abovementioned first test specimen.
  • the predetermined powder layer thickness d to be solidified likewise preferably corresponds to the predetermined powder layer thickness d in the production process of the abovementioned first test specimen by appropriate adjustment of the coater and / or the compacting device.
  • the compression device used above either a different compression device or no compression device is used.
  • the applied powder layer before solidification regardless of the optional or different compression step has the same thickness d mentioned above.
  • the second specimen P2 After preparation of the second specimen P2 in the form of a small plate P2 'by exposure at selective points (FIG. 7, VS3), eg a rectangular plate, this has a length perpendicular to the powder path, the thickness d2 and lies as shown in FIG. 4b ) in the midst of unconsolidated powder material.
  • several second test specimens for example 2 to 50, are produced simultaneously or in succession.
  • the platelets are preferably cleaned after completion, for example by blasting with glass beads or by cleaning with a brush.
  • the lengths running perpendicular to the course of the layer, the thicknesses of the above-mentioned first and second specimens d1 and d2, are subsequently measured (FIG. 7, VS4), for example with an outside micrometer, preferably after removal of the test specimens from the machine.
  • the thicknesses d1 and d2 of the first specimen PI 'and the second specimen P2' are compared with each other (S5).
  • a suitable index number is selected, which is preferably an average or a frequency distribution of the respective thickness di or d2.
  • a small plate PI ' which was manufactured from a previously compacted powder, has a smaller thickness compared with a small plate P2' without a compacting step.
  • the second specimen or bodies P2 can also be produced before or simultaneously with the first specimen PI within a production process. However, the second specimen P2 can also be produced as a reference body independently of the first specimen PI, ie in an earlier manufacturing process.
  • the determination of the thickness di or d2 perpendicular to the course of the layer does not have to take place at the same time as that of the first specimen PI. It can also be done once as a reference value and, for example, noted and used for later produced first or further specimens.
  • the comparison can also be made indirectly, for example by determining a quotient of platelet thickness in relation to the preset powder layer thickness before solidification and subsequent comparison of the quotients.
  • a different powder bed density can also be independent of the optional compaction step from the.
  • Choice of a different powder or a different powder material result.
  • an at least first test specimen PI from a new or mixed powder and an at least second test specimen P2 from a corresponding waste powder can be prepared as explained above.
  • Platelets which were prepared with a relatively fresher powder material have a comparatively clotting ⁇ Gere thickness (mixed powder ⁇ waste powder).
  • a different first and second specimen PI ", P2" are produced by means of the method and building material described above. Identical process steps and devices / materials are therefore not repeated.
  • the different powder bed density is based on the use of different compaction devices. However, as mentioned above, a different powder bed density can also depend on the age of the powder material, regardless of a compression step.
  • Slits can be formed. However, they may also be different, e.g. be formed in the form of grooves.
  • the specimen according to the second embodiment may be formed, for example, as a block in the form of a cube or cuboid.
  • the non-solidification areas may vary in size. For example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more powder layers may be excluded from solidification in a predetermined range.
  • a powder layer may be 0.12 mm thick so that the dimensions of the non-solidification regions in the x-direction (perpendicular to the powder profile) are 0.12 mm, 0.24 mm, 0.36 mm, 0.48 mm, 0, 60 mm and more.
  • the sequence, number, size and position of the non-solidification areas can be chosen arbitrarily, taking into account the above. It is convenient, however, to choose them equally in the first and second specimens.
  • Adhering powder grains are preferably removed after completion of the sample or sample, in particular by blasting.
  • the dimension of the recess (s) running perpendicular to the course of the layer, i. the height h is determined ( Figure 7, VS4).
  • the number of the smallest recesses in the respective specimen is optically determined (FIG. 7, VS4). For example, such that the respective specimen is lifted against the light and the number of visible smallest recesses is determined by eye. The number then represents the code number to be compared (FIG. 7, VS5).
  • the perpendicular to the layer running height of the recesses can be measured.
  • the number of the smallest recesses in combination with the height of the recesses is determined. As shown schematically in FIG.
  • Recesses in a first specimen PI '' which is made of compacted powder, larger compared to a second sample P2 "made of non-compacted powder.
  • the height of the recess in a second specimen made of a powder having a comparatively lower powder bed density is lower as compared with the corresponding recess in a first specimen made of powder having a comparatively higher powder bed density.
  • Each 12 test pieces per compression device (in the z-two layers of six specimens in a range with the same powder bed temperature) were prepared in a laser sintering machine according to the method described above according to the second execution ⁇ form.
  • the building temperature was 170 ° C.
  • a PA2200 powder was used for this a PA2200 powder.
  • powder blankets i. unexposed powder layers, applied with a total thickness of 6 mm.
  • Each individual powder layer was 0.12 mm thick and was compacted in time with the application of a roof, radius or flat blade.
  • the layer thicknesses were in each case the same size with and without compression step before solidification with 0.12 mm.
  • the powder layers to be exposed which were applied according to the respective vacant layers. In each case twelve areas of 3, 4 or 5 powder layers were selected, respectively
  • Test specimens which have been produced with a higher efficiency compaction step have a comparatively larger number of smallest recesses (roof blade> radius blade> flat blade). For example, the twelve smallest slots can be counted.
  • test specimens which were compacted in the manufacturing process by means of a roof blade the twelve smallest slots still seven open slots, which before solidifying the height of 0.36 mm and 5 open slots, which before solidification of the height 0.48 mm corresponded.
  • specimens compacted in the manufacturing process by means of a radius blade had as the twelve smallest slits only one open slit which before solidification of the height corresponded to 0.36 mm and eleven open slits which corresponded before solidification of the height 0.48 mm ,
  • test specimens which were compacted in the manufacturing process by means of a flat blade had as the twelve smallest slits only twelve open slits, which corresponded before solidification of the height 0.48 mm.
  • a further first PI '' 'and second test body P2' '' are produced by means of the method and building material described above. Identical process steps and devices / materials are therefore not repeated.
  • a test specimen PI " 1 , P2"" which is hollow inside and filled with unconsolidated powder is produced with a side wall which is open on the upper side and closed by a bottom on the underside.
  • the specimen is an upwardly open cylinder He may also be shaped differently, for example in the form of an upwardly open cube or cuboid.
  • the first PI '''and the second sample P2''' are made to have the same inner dimensions, respectively. Consequently, they also have an equal size powder surface AI and A2.
  • a first height of the powder surface is determined relative to the side wall of the respective specimen.
  • a defined, in each case equal, force K is exerted on the powder surface by means of a compression device, for example by means of a compression punch or a compression plate with the surface A (shown schematically in FIG. 6c). This force is perpendicular to the powder surface and pushes it evenly downwards, ie towards the ground.
  • the measurement of the first height and the exertion of the force K is preferably carried out after removal of the specimen from the machine.
  • the compression is carried out in a powder rheometer.
  • a second height of the powder surface relative to the respective side wall is measured, and the height difference Ah between the first and the second measurement result is determined (shown schematically in FIG. 6c, FIG. 7, VS4).
  • the height difference is thus associated with the respective specimen, perpendicular to the course of the layer Length dimension. It corresponds to the distance the compression agent travels through the compression of the powder.
  • the compaction is defined, for example, as a percentage of compressibility, wherein the height difference (x%) is set in relation to the respective height of the powder surface before the application of the force K (100%).
  • Ah is larger in a second specimen P2 ''', which was produced from powder of lower powder density (FIG. 7, VS5).
  • a "maximum" reference value for example, a cylinder produced in this way can be produced from and filled with homogenized, uncompacted powder.
  • the specimens were then removed from the laser sintering machine.
  • the non-solidified powder inside the sample remained inside.
  • the height of the powder surface relative to the respective specimen was determined as described above.
  • a powder rheometer for example a Freemann FT 4 powder rheometer, was used with a compression punch. Subsequently, with the stamp a uniform pressure
  • a control unit according to the invention is furthermore so pro grammable ⁇ that it so controls laser sintering or laser melting apparatus according to the invention that at least the
  • Steps of applying powder material, as well as the selective solidification for producing a first inventive ⁇ specimen are executed.
  • a He ⁇ invention according to "control unit is programmed so that at least the steps of applying powder material, and the se ⁇ -selective solidification are carried out for producing a first erfindungsge- MAESSEN specimen.
  • contemporary control unit is programmed so that at least the Steps of applying powder material, the optional compaction and the selective solidification are carried out for producing a first specimen according to the invention and these steps are optionally repeated.
  • the imagesetter may comprise, for example, one or more gas or solid-state lasers or any other type of laser such as laser diodes, in particular Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) or Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VECSEL), or a line of these lasers.
  • VCSEL Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser
  • VECSEL Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Laser
  • any device can be used as an imagesetter, with the energy as wave or particle radiation selectively to a
  • Layer of the building material can be applied.
  • a laser for example, another light source, an electron beam or any other energy or radiation source can be used, which is suitable to solidify the building material.
  • deflecting a beam it is also possible to use exposure with a movable line imagesetter.
  • selective mask sintering using an extended light source and a mask, or high-speed sintering (HSS), which selectively applies to the build material a material that increases the radiation absorption at the respective sites (absorption sintering) ) or reduced (inhibition sintering), and then exposed nonselectively over a large area or with a movable line exposer the invention can be applied.
  • HSS high-speed sintering
  • the selective solidification of the applied build-up material can also be done by 3D printing, for example by applying an adhesive.
  • the invention relates to the generative production of an object by means of layered application and selective solidification of a building material, regardless of the manner in which the building material is solidified.
  • various materials may be used, preferably powder, in particular metal powder, plastic powder, ceramic powder, sand, filled or mixed powder.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

Le procédé selon l'invention sert à déterminer une densité relative d'un lit de poudre dans un dispositif pour la fabrication d'au moins un objet tridimensionnel par application par couches et solidification sélective d'un matériau de construction sous forme de poudre. Le procédé comprend au moins une première éprouvette et les étapes consistant à : a) appliquer une couche de matériau de construction sous forme de poudre dans une zone de construction au moyen d'un dispositif de revêtement se déplaçant au-dessus de la zone de construction, b), éventuellement, compacter la couche appliquée de matériau de construction, c) solidifier de manière sélective la couche appliquée aux endroits qui correspondent à une section transversale de ladite au moins une première éprouvette à fabriquer au moyen d'un dispositif de solidification et d), éventuellement, répéter les étapes a) à c) jusqu'à ce qu'au moins une première éprouvette soit terminée. En outre, le procédé comprend les étapes consistant à : déterminer au moins une dimension longitudinale associée à ladite au moins une première éprouvette perpendiculairement à un profil de couche du matériau de construction sous forme de poudre et comparer ladite au moins une dimension longitudinale déterminée avec au moins une dimension longitudinale correspondante d'au moins une deuxième éprouvette.
PCT/EP2017/073829 2016-09-28 2017-09-20 Procédé pour la détermination d'une densité relative d'un lit de poudre dans un dispositif pour la fabrication générative d'un objet tridimensionnel Ceased WO2018060033A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016219968.4 2016-09-28
DE102016219968.4A DE102016219968A1 (de) 2016-09-28 2016-09-28 Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer relativen Pulverbettdichte in einer Vorrichtung zum generativen Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018060033A1 true WO2018060033A1 (fr) 2018-04-05

Family

ID=59914490

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2017/073829 Ceased WO2018060033A1 (fr) 2016-09-28 2017-09-20 Procédé pour la détermination d'une densité relative d'un lit de poudre dans un dispositif pour la fabrication générative d'un objet tridimensionnel

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102016219968A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018060033A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111633208A (zh) * 2020-05-07 2020-09-08 上海理工大学 一种控制粉末流动性对打印成形质量控制方法
CN113015896A (zh) * 2019-09-18 2021-06-22 B3D科技股份有限公司 用于在3d打印/增材制造操作中测量粉末床密度的装置和方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040228754A1 (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-11-18 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Method of making a three-dimensional sintered product
DE102006023484A1 (de) 2006-05-18 2007-11-22 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum schichtweisen Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts aus einem pulverförmigen Aufbaumaterial

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2875933B1 (fr) 2013-11-25 2019-04-03 MTU Aero Engines GmbH Documentation de procédé de fabrication génératif
DE102015219013A1 (de) 2015-10-01 2017-04-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fertigung eines Referenzkörpers während der generativen Herstellung eines Bauteils

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040228754A1 (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-11-18 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Method of making a three-dimensional sintered product
DE102006023484A1 (de) 2006-05-18 2007-11-22 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum schichtweisen Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts aus einem pulverförmigen Aufbaumaterial

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113015896A (zh) * 2019-09-18 2021-06-22 B3D科技股份有限公司 用于在3d打印/增材制造操作中测量粉末床密度的装置和方法
CN111633208A (zh) * 2020-05-07 2020-09-08 上海理工大学 一种控制粉末流动性对打印成形质量控制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102016219968A1 (de) 2018-03-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2301743B1 (fr) Methode et dispositif pour la fabrication par couches successives d'un objet
EP2864108B1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de fabrication par couches d'un objet tridimensionnel
DE102016211952A1 (de) Beschichtungseinheit, Beschichtungsverfahren, Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum generativen Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
EP2026952B1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de fabrication d'un objet en trois dimensions par couches à partir d'un matériau de construction pulvérulent
EP3263338B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication additive d'un objet tridimensionnel
DE60115136T2 (de) Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Gegenständen durch kontrollierte Photohärtung
EP3200984B1 (fr) Procédé, dispositif et module de revêtement pour la réalisation d'un objet tridimensionnel
EP1993812B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de production d'un objet tridimensionnel
EP2983895B1 (fr) Procédé de transformation de poudre
WO2015000854A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'un objet tridimensionnel
EP3408074A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de fabrication générative d'un objet tridimensionnel
EP2961589A1 (fr) Procédé d'obtention d'un objet en trois dimensions par fabrication additive
EP3085519A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif destines a fabriquer un objet tridimensionnel
DE102013224693A1 (de) Verfahren zur beschleunigten Herstellung von Objekten mittels generativer Fertigung
EP3362259A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de fabrication d'un objet en trois dimensions
WO2017041882A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un objet tridimensionnel
EP0755321B2 (fr) Procede de fabrication d'un objet tridimensionnel
WO2018060033A1 (fr) Procédé pour la détermination d'une densité relative d'un lit de poudre dans un dispositif pour la fabrication générative d'un objet tridimensionnel
WO2024146672A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de production de micro-éléments et de micro-composants par fabrication additive par micro-fusion laser

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 17769099

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 17769099

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1